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TRANSCRIPT
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17 Febrero 2015
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La síntesis orgánica es la construcción planificada de moléculas orgánicas mediante reacciones químicas. Las moléculas orgánicas pueden tener un mayor grado de complejidad comparadas con los compuestos puramente inorgánicos. Hay dos campos de investigación principales dentro del campo de la síntesis orgánica: la síntesis total y la síntesis parcial, que se diferencian por el origen y complejidad de los precursores químicos utilizados.
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El etileno es la fitohormona responsable de los procesos de estrés en las plantas, así como la maduración de los frutos
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El fenol es muy utilizado en la industria química, farmacéutica y clínica como un potente fungicida, bactericida, sanitizante, antiséptico y desinfectante, también para producir agroquímicos, bisfenol A (materia prima para producir resinas epoxi y policarbonatos), en el proceso de fabricación de ácido acetilsalicílico (aspirina) y en preparaciones médicas como enjuagues bucales y pastillas para el dolor de garganta.
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La acetona se forma en la sangre cuando el organismo utiliza grasa en vez de glucosa como fuente de energía. Si se forma acetona, esto usualmente indica que las células carecen de suficiente insulina o que no pueden utilizar la presente en la sangre para convertir glucosa en energía. La acetona sigue su curso corporal hasta llegar a la orina. El aliento de personas que tienen gran cantidad de acetona en el organismo exhala olor a fruta y a veces se le denomina "aliento de acetona".
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Regla 1. El nombre de un biciclo se construye con la palabra Biciclo seguida de un corchete en el que se indica el número de carbonos de cada una de las tres cadenas que parten de los carbonos cabeza de puente, terminando en el nombre del alcano de igual número de carbonos.
Los alcanos bicíclicos presentan 2 ciclos cadenas cerradas y responden a la fórmula general CnH2n
2-metilbiciclo[3.1.0]hexano
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Regla 2. La numeración parte de un carbono cabeza de puente y prosigue por la cadena más larga hasta el segundo cabeza de puente, a continuación se numera la cadena mediana y por último el puente (cadena más pequeña)
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Regla 3. Los sustituyentes se ordenan alfabéticamente, precedidos por localizadores que indican su posición en el biciclo y se colocan delante de la palabra biciclo.
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