prer.

1

1

:

(N)

(L)

(m)

(ds) (m)

86

8990

75

14

123.5

455,5

4

328

22

21

27

29

30

:

, . ,

1:

(Vsr):

:

1

2

Lst ( ):

O dst ( ):

Vst:

2

,

d1 = 23 cm d2 = 28 cm, Ltr = 4 m.

.

1

3 2

;

;

;

;

, P:

4.95%

.

1

4

3

.

.

d - = 32 cm

D - = 62 cm Ltr - = 7 m

Li :

.

p ;

.

03.04.2003.

2

1

,

(1), (2), (3) (4)

:

1 = 34 600m3 M3 = 44 000m3

M2 = 55 200m3 M4 = 54 700m3

(5) , ()

. :

L1 = 8,6 km L4 = 9,6km

L2 = 7,4 km L5 = 12,8 km

L3 = 13,0 km

50%.

1 km = 1 KM/m3, 1 = 0,8 KM/m3.

b + c = 0,5 KM/m3,

b1 + c1 = 0,6 KM/m3. .

2

2

tr Tps,

.

tr = Mt a L + Mt (b + c) KM

Tps = Mps a1 L+ Mps (b1 + c1) KM

Mt (m3)ps (m3)

L

L Mt = 1+2+3+4 t = 188 500m3

Mps = 0,5 Mt = 0,5 188 500 = 94 250 m3

(1);1 = M2 L1 a + M2 (b + c) + M3 (L1 + L2) a + M3 (b + c) + M4 (L1 + L2 + L3 + L4) a + M4 (b + c) + M ps (L1 + L2 + L3 + L5) a1 + M ps (b1+ c1)

T1 =5 955 340

(2);2 = M1 L1 a + M1 (b + c) + 3 L2 a + M3 (b + c) + M4 (L2 + L3 + L4)a + M4 (b + c) + Mps (L2 + L3 + L4) a1 + Mps (b1 + c1)

T2 = 4 323 760 KM

(3);3 = M1 (L1 + L2) a + M1 (b + c) + M2 L2 a + M2 (b + c) + M4 (L3 + L4) a + M4 (b + c) + Mps (L3 + L5) a1 + Mps (b1+ c1)

T3 = 4 244 820

2

3 (4);4 = M1 (L1 + L2 + L3 + L4) a + M1 (b + c) + M2 (L2 + L3 + L4) a + M2

(b + c) + M3 (L3 + L4) a + M3 (b + c) + Mps (L4 + L5) a1 + Mps (b1+ c1)

T4 = 4 307 970

(5);5 = M1 (L1 + L2 + L3) a + M1 (b + c) + M2 (L2 + L3) a + M2 (b + c) + + M3 L3 a + M3 (b + c) + M4 L4 a + M4 (b + c) + Mps L5 a1 + Mps (b1+ c1)

T5 = 4 517 560

(A);A = M1 (L1 + L2 + L3 + L4) a + M1 (b + c) + M2 (L2 + L3 + L5) a + M2 (b + c) + M3 (L3 + L5) a + M3 (b + c) + M4 (L4 + L5) a + M4 (b + c)

TA = 5 622 930

(3), (2) (3)

03.04.2003.

1

1

`

1

2

2.

1

3

1

4

1

5

1

6

d : b

1 : 4

(1 : 2)

d = 5 11 mm (5 18 mm)

d = 12 47 mm (19 47 mm)

d = 48 100 mm

1 : 1 1 : 2

d = 12 47 mm (19 47 mm)

d = 48 100 mm

1 : 1 80 mm 220 / 220

03.04.2003.

3

1 :

, d = 38,6 cm Ltr = 4,9 m, 1 cm/m, s = 3 mm, :

1. , , ;

2. , . ;

3. ;

4. ;

5. ;

6. ;

7. .

:

1.1.

pa, pb - (mm);

an - (mm);

Kw - (%);

UA - 30% 0% (%);

Z - 30%;

W - (%);

3

2 Kollmana UA, 18 mm :

:

- :

:

, :

a (mm)a

(mm)a .-.

(mm)a (mm)

180,720,540,36

240,960,72

281,120,840,56

381,521,140,76

481,921,440,96

602,401,801,20

763,042,281,52

903,602,701,80

1004,003,002,00

3

3 1.2.

: - d = 386 mm

- . bmin = 80 mm (84 mm sa pridom)

- s = 3 mm

, An:

, , Az:

n

:

2.

An Az 10 mm Az A0 ( A0 = 0,9 d)

An Az = 360,34 349,24 = 11,1 mm

Az A0 = 349,24 333,00 mm 3.1. JA (Is)

3

4

3.2. (bds)

3.3. (bdp)

3

5

3.4. (Vdp)

Vdp = an bdp Ltr (m3)

an ,

Ltr , 4m

4.

Vpr = s bpr Ltr (m3)

s , 3 mm

bpr ,

dsr , 1 cm/m

3

6

5. (Vo)

Vtr (m3)

6. (Pi)

03.04.2003.

4

1

:

, d = 43 cm :

1. 18 mm;

2. 18 24 mm 1 mm;

3. 28 33 mm 1,5 mm;

4. 38 mm 2 mm;

5. 48 mm 2,5 mm;

6. 3 mm;

:

0:

A0 = 0,9 d = 0,9 430 = 387 mm

: 0/2 = 193,5 mm

:

193,5/(18+1) = 10,18 ,

111

21+1,332,30

31+1,33+1,3324,10

41+1,33+1,332+1,3336,50

51+1,33+1,332+1,333+1,3349,60

61+1,33+1,332+1,333+1,334+1,33513,70

6 13,70.

4

2 6 5,5 , :

3 5,5 = 16,50 mm

:

193,5 16,50 = 177 mm

177 : (18 + 1) = 9,31 mm 6 .

18 mm; : 18 1,33 = 23,94 mm, 24 mm; : 24 1,33 = 31,92 mm, 33 mm; : 33 1,33 = 43,89 mm, 48 mm; : 48 1,33 = 63,84 mm, 64 mm; :28 1,33 = 37,24 mm, 37 mm. :

03.04.2003

5

1

:

, d = 37,4cm Ltr = 4,3m 1 cm/m, s = 3 mm, , . :

1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;5. . :

1.

Vp = 0,707 d (mm)

Vp = 0,707 374 =264,42 mm

Vmin\max = (0,6 0,8) d (mm)

Vmin\max =224,4 299,2 (mm)

Vp - (mm)

d - (mm)

Vmin\max - e (mm)

2.

2.1.

bmin ( bmin = 84 mm)

5

O

2 2.2

, . 4, :

EMBED Equation.3

A - (mm);

A - (mm);

V - (mm).

2.3.

An - Az 10 mm Az A0 ( A0 = 0,9 d)

:

EMBED Equation.3

5

3 3.

3.1. (ls)

:

.

:

3. 2. (bds)

:

, . 264,4 mm.

:

EMBED Equation.3 3.3. bdp

bds -

Kw - (%)

5 4 :

:

3.4. (Vdp)

an - , (m)

Ltr - , 6 m

:

5 5 :

4. (Pi)

Vtr (m3)

03.04.2003.

______________________________________________________________________

2001/02

: :

_____________________ VII _______________

. : VIII _______________

_____________________

EMBED Equation.3

_1072182893.unknown

_1077368449.unknown

_1162640326.unknown

_1162640970.unknown

_1200057006.unknown

_1162641308.unknown

_1162640624.unknown

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_1074798877.unknown

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_1074677293.unknown

_1074676765.unknown

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_1074606555.unknown

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_1073244167.unknown

_1073332373.unknown

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_1051903590.unknown

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_1051903912.unknown

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_1051903577.unknown

_1051903159.unknown

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_1051902490.unknown

_1051902239.unknown

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