presentasi mektan bab iii
DESCRIPTION
asdTRANSCRIPT
PEMAMPATAN TANAH
(9)
PEMAMPATAN TANAH
(9)
PEMADATAN (4)
PEMADATAN (4)
DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN
(8)
TEGANGAN EFEKTIF
(7)
KLASIFIKASI TANAH
(3)
REMBESAN AIR DALAM TANAH
(5)
REMBESAN AIR DALAM TANAH
(5)
BAGAN ALIR BAHASANBAGAN ALIR BAHASAN
GAYA ANGKAT DIBAWAH
BANGUNAN AIR (6)
KOMPOSISI TANAH
(2)
TANAH (1)
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
1. WHY DO WE NEED TO CLASSIFY SOILS ???????To describe various soil types encountered in thenature in a systematic way and gathering soils thathave distinct physical properties in groups and units.2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF A SOILCLASSIFICATION SYSTEM:a- Based on a scientific methodb- Simplec- Permit classification by visual and manual tests.d- Describe certain engineering propertiese- Should be accepted to all engineers.
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
3. VARIOUS SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS:a- Geologic Soil Classification Systemb- Agronomic Soil Classification Systemc- Textural Soil Classification System (USDA)d- American Association of State Highway
Transportation Officials System (AASHTO)e- Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)f- American Society for Testing and Materials
System (ASTM)g- Federal Aviation Agency System (FAA)
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
1.
KLASIFIKSAI TANAH DIDASARKAN PADA :-
PLASTISITAS TANAH-
UKURAN BUTIRAN.
2.
TUJUAN KLASIFIKASI TANAH :-
MENGELOMPOKKAN TANAH YANG BERBEDA-BEDA TAPIMEMPUNYAI SIFAT SERUPA KEDALAM GROUP-GROUPDAN SUB GROUP UNTUK : MENDAPATKAN GAMBARANUMUM MENGENAI PERILAKU SUATU TANAH.
3.
JENIS TEST UNTUK MENDAPATKAN UKURAN BUTIRAN :-
ANALISA/TEST AYAKAN (GAMBAR 1).-
ANALISA/TEST HYDROMETER (GAMBAR 2)
4.
ANALISA AYAKAN :-
AYAKAN YANG DIKAPAI : AYAKAN US-STANDARD.-
UKURAN LUBANG AYAKAN.
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
NO. AYAKAN DIAMETER LUBANG AYAKAN (mm)
4 4.756 3.358 2.3610 2.0020 0.8530 0.6040 0.42550 0.3060 0.2580 0.18100 0.15140 0.106170 0.088200 0.075
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
5. ANALISA HYDROMETER
DASAR : PRINSIP SEDIMENTASI DARI BUTIRAN TANAH DIDALAM AIR
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KECEPATAN MENGENDAP :
BENTUK, UKURAN, BERAT BUTIRAN TANAH
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
0 .0 0 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .1 1 1 0 1 0 00
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
P a r tic le s ize (mm)
% F
iner
W
Well graded
Grading curves
0 .0 0 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .1 1 1 0 1 0 00
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
P a r tic le s ize (mm)
% F
iner
W
Well graded
U
Uniform
Grading curves
Grading curves
0 .0 0 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .1 1 1 0 1 0 00
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
P a r tic le s ize (mm)
% F
iner
W
Well graded
U
Uniform
P
Poorly graded
Grading curves
0 .0 0 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .1 1 1 0 1 0 00
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
P a r tic le s ize (mm)
% F
iner
W
Well graded
U
Uniform
P
Poorly graded
C
Well graded with some clay
Grading curves
0 .0 0 0 1 0 .0 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .1 1 1 0 1 0 00
2 0
4 0
6 0
8 0
1 0 0
P a r tic le s ize (mm)
% F
iner
W
Well graded
U
Uniform
P
Poorly graded
C
Well graded with some clay
F
Well graded with an excess of fines
D10 : Maximum size of the smallest 10%D30 : Maximum size of the smallest 30%D50 : Maximum size of the smallest 50% D60 : Maximum size of the smallest 60%D10: Effective size (eg for permeability)
Cu : Coefficient of Uniformity = D60 /D10Cc : Coefficient of Curvature = (D30 )2/(D60 –D10 ) (also called Cg : Coefficient of GradationPermeability, k= Ck (D10)2 cm/sec
(Hazen)
5.
ANALISA HYDROMETERDASAR :
PRINSIP SEDIMENTASI DARI BUTIRAN TANAHDIDALAM AIR.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KECEPATAN MENGENDAP : BENTUK, UKURAN, BERAT BUTIRAN TANAH.
6.
KURVA DISTRIBUSI UKURAN BUTIRAN (GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION) ADA 3 (TIGA) KELOMPOK BENTUK GRAFIK :
-
GAP GRADED (CURVA A) :TANAH DIMANA 1 ATAU LEBIH UKURAN BUTIR TIDAKADA.
-
WELL GRADED (CURVA B) :TANAH DIMANA UKURAN BUTIRANNYA TERBAGIMERATA DALAM SUATU BATASAN YANG LUAS.
-
UNIFORM GRADED (CURVA C) :TANAH YANG UKURAN BUTIRANNYA HAMPIR SAMA.
Uscs
Sistem klasifikasi yang di pakai :
1. USCS ( Unified Soil Classification System)2. AASHTO ( American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials)
1. Persamaan2. Perbedaan
Persamaan
Persamaan :
1.Kedua
system tsb. didasarkan
pada ukuran
butir
dan
plastisitas
tanah
2.Kedua
system memisahkan
tanah kedalam
2 kategori
:
-
tanah
berbutir
kasar
( coarse grained)-
tanah
berbutir
halus
( fine grained)
Laboratory CriteMajor Divisions Group
Symbol Typical Names Fines (%) Grading
Cu > 4 GW
Well-graded gravels and gravel-sand mixtures, little or no fines 0-5 1 < Cc < 3 Clean
Gravels GP
Poorly graded gravels and gravel-sand mixtures, little or no fines
0-5 Not satisfying GW
requirements
GM Silty gravels, gravel-sand-silt mixtures >12 Be
Gravels
50% or more of course
fraction retained on
the 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve Gravels
with Fines GC Clayey gravels, gravel-sand-clay mixtures >12 Ab
Cu > 6 SW
Well-graded sands and gravelly sands, little or no fines 0-5 1 < Cc < 3 Clean
Sands SP
Poorly graded sands and gravelly sands, little or no fines
0-5 Not satisfying SW requirements
SM Silty sands, sand-silt mixtures >12 Be
Course-Grained Soils
More than 50%
retained on the 0.075
mm (No. 200) sieve
Sands
50% or more of course
fraction passes the 4.75
(No. 4) sieve Sands with Fines SC Clayey sands, sand-clay
mixtures >12 A
Inorganic silts, very fine
1. USCS ( Unified Soil Classification System)
ML Inorganic silts, very fine sands, rock four, silty or clayey fine sands
Use plasticity chart
CL Inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity, gravelly/sandy/silty/lean clays
Use plasticity chart Silts and Clays
Liquid Limit 50% or less
OL Organic silts and organic silty clays of low plasticity Use plasticity chart
MH Inorganic silts, micaceous or diatomaceous fine sands or silts, elastic silts
Use plasticity chart
CH Inorganic clays or high plasticity, fat clays Use plasticity chart
Fine-Grained Soils
More than 50%
passes the 0.075 mm
(No. 200) sieve Silts and Clays
Liquid Limit greater than 50%
OH Organic clays of medium to high plasticity Use plasticity chart
Highly Organic Soils Pt Peat, muck, and other highly organic soils
PerbedaanAyakan yang dipakai untuk memisahkan pasir dan kerikil
ayakan no. 10 ayakan no. 4
Perbedaan tanah-tanah gravelly dan sandy soil
Tidak diberikan Dibedakan secara jelas
Klasifikasi untuk tanah organik Tidak diberikan OL,OH dan Pt
( Gambut)
yg lewat ayakan no. 200 < 35%
yg lewat ayakan no. 200 < 50%
Tanah dikatakan berbutir kasar apabila
Uraian Perbedaan AASHTO USCS
2. Perbedaan
Klasifikasi Tanah menggunakan 2 simbol huruf:
Huruf pertama menggambarkan komponen utama dari tanah, terdiri dari :
1)
coarse grained soils (gravel(G) and sand(S));2)
fine grained soils (silt(M) and clay(C));3)
organic soils (O); and4)
Peat (Pt).
Huruf kedua menggambarkan hubungan tanah dgn :
1)
whether a coarse-grained soil is Well(W) or poorly(P) graded;2)
whether a coarse-grained soil contains appreciable silt(M) or clay(C); and
3)
whether a fine-grained soil plasticity is high(H) or low(L).
KLASIFIKASI USCS (Unified Soil Classification System)
Run sieve analysis
< 50% pass #200
> 50% of coarse fraction retained
on #4
< 50% of coarse fraction retained
on #4
Gravel Sand
> 50% pass #200
Use plasticity chart (Fig. 3.14)
Silt, organic, or clay
Persamaan garis A : PI = 0.73 (LL – 20)
G
<5% pass #200 5-12% pass #200 > 12 % pass #200
G W
G P
GW-GC
GW-GM
GP-GC
GP-GM
GC
GM
GC-GM
Use gradation curve to designate
Use gradation curve to designate
Use gradation curve and plasticity chart
to designate
Cu> 4 and 1 < Cc < 3 GW Well graded gravelCu< 4 and 1 >Cc > 3 GP Poorly graded gravel
Cu> 4 and 1 < Cc < 3 and fines classify as CL or CH
GW - GC Well graded gravel with clay
Cu> 4 and 1 < Cc < 3 and fines classify as ML or MH
GW - GM Well graded gravel with silt
Cu< 4 and 1 >Cc > 3 and fines classify as CL or CH
GP - GC Poorly graded gravel with clay
Cu< 4 and 1 >Cc > 3 and fines classify as ML or MH
GP - GM Poorly graded gravel with silt
Fines classify as CL or CH ( LL and PL above A-line)
GCClayey gravel
Fines classify as ML or MH ( LL and PL below A-line)
GMSilty gravel
Fines classify as CL - ML ( LL and PL in shaded area)
GC - GMSilty, clayey gravel
Run sieve analyasis and if less than 50% passed the #200 sieve, then the soil is coarse. If more than 50% of the coarse material is retained on the #4 sieve, then the soil is gravel.% passing #200 sieve
Unified Soil Classification Criteria Group Symbol Group Name
Less than 5%
Between 5 % & 12%
More than 12%
Gravel/Kerikil
7. TIGA PARAMETER DAPAT DITENTUKAN DARI KURVA GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION :
-
UKURAN EFEKTIF (EFFECTIVE SIZE)D10 :
DIAMETER BUTIRAN DIMANA 10% DARITOTAL BUTIRAN LOLOS/LEBIH KECILDARI DIAMETER TERSEBUT.
-
KOEFISIEN KESERAGAMAN (UNIFORMITY COEF.) = Cu .
-
KOEFISIEN GRADASI (GRADATION COEF.) = Cc .10
60
DDCu
1060
230
DxDDCc
D30 = DIAMETER BUTIRAN DIMANA 30% DARI TOTAL BUTIRAN LOLOS/LEBIH KECIL DARI DIAMETER TERSEBUT
D60 = IDEM, 60% < DIAMETER TERSEBUT
S
<5% pass #200 5-12% pass #200 > 12 % pass #200
SW
SP
SW-SCSW-SMSP-SCSP-SM
SC
SM
SC-SM
Use gradation curve to designate
Use gradation curve to designate
Use gradation curve and plasticity chart
to designate
Cu> 6 and 1 < Cc < 3 SW Well graded sandCu< 6 and 1 >Cc > 3 SP Poorly graded sand
Cu> 6 and 1 < Cc < 3 and fines classify as CL or CH
SW - SC Well graded sand with clay
Cu> 6 and 1 < Cc < 3 and fines classify as ML or MH
SW - SM Well graded sand with silt
Cu< 6 and 1 >Cc > 3 and fines classify as CL or CH
SP - SC Poorly graded sand with clay
Cu< 6 and 1 >Cc > 3 and fines classify as ML or MH
SP - SM Poorly graded sand with silt
Fines classify as CL or CH ( LL and PL above A-line)
SCClayey sand
Fines classify as ML or MH ( LL and PL below A-line)
SMSilty sand
Fines classify as CL - ML ( LL and PL in shaded area)
SC - SMSilty, clayey sand
Group Symbol Group Name
Less than 5%
Between 5 % & 12%
More than 12%
Run sieve analyasis and if less than 50% passed the #200 sieve, then the soil is coarse. If less than 50% of the coarse material is retained on the #4 sieve, then the soil is sand% passing #200 sieve
Unified Soil Classification Criteria
Sand/Pasir
Silt, organic, or clay
LL<50%
LLR<0.75 LLR>0.75
LL and PI plot below
A-line
LL and PI plot in
shaded area
LL and PI plot above
A-line
LL>50%
LLR<0.75 LLR>0.75
LL and PI plot below
A-line
LL and PI plot above
A-line
OL ML CL-ML CL OH MH CH
Silt, organic, or clay
LL<50%
LLR<0.75 LLR>0.75
LL and PI plot below
A-line
LL and PI plot in
shaded area
LL and PI plot above
A-line
LL>50%
LLR<0.75 LLR>0.75
LL and PI plot below
A-line
LL and PI plot above
A-line
OL ML CL-ML CL OH MH CH
SILT OR CLAY
LLR < 0.75 OL Organic silt or clayLLR > 0.75 and PI < 4 or plots below A-line in Fig. ML Inorganic siltLLR > 0.75 and PI > 7 or plots above A-line in Fig. CL Lean clayLLR > 0.75 and PI > 7 and LL and PI in shaded area of Fig. CL-ML Silty clay
LLR < 0.75 OH Organic silt or clayLLR > 0.75 and PI plots below A-line in Fig. MH Elastic siltLLR > 0.75 and PI plots on or above A-line in Fig. CH Fat clay
More than 50%
Run sieve analyasis and if less than 50% passed the #200 sieve, then the soil is fine.Run liquid limit and plastic limit tests on materials passing #40 sieve. Note that ASTM requires that the liquid limit be determined using oven dried and undried samples . The ratio of the dried to the undried value is called the liquid limit ratio LLR.
Less than 50%
Liquid Limit Unified Soil Classification Criteria Group Symbol Group Name
PEAT
Highly organic soils. Normally more than 20% by weight is organic
Primary organic matter, dark in color and organic odor Pt Peat
14.
KUALITAS TANAH SUB-GRADE SEBANDING DENGAN KEBALIKAN DARI HARGA GI
15. CATATAN :•
LLR = LIQUID LIMIT RATIO
•
PEAT = TANAH GAMBUT= TANAH ORGANIK DENGAN KANDUNGAN
ORGANIK ≥
75%.
NATURALTANAHLLHARGADIOVENYANGTANAHLLHARGALLR
•
GROUP OL dan
OH :
•
LANAU ORGANIK atau•
LEMPUNG ORGANIK•
PLASTISITAS RENDAH UNTUK OL (SEPERTI ML)•
PLASTISITAS TINGGI UNTUK OH (SEPERTI MH) PERILAKUNYA DITENTUKAN OLEH KANDUNGAN
ORGANIK
•
Pt = Peat = TANAH DENGAN KANDUNGAN ORGANIK TINGGI:
•
PEAT.= Tanah
GAMBUT•
HUMUS dan
Bahan
Organik
yang telah
membusuk/terurai•
TANAH RAWA
DAYA DUKUNG RENDAHKEMAMPUMAMPATAN TINGGI
LL= 33
PI= 12PI= 0.73(LL-20), A-line
PI=0.73(33-20)=9.49
SC (15% gravel)
Clayey sand with gravel
(Santamarina
et al., 2001)
Passing No.200 sieve 30 %Passing No.4 sieve 70 %
LL= 33
PI= 12
Highly
Example
A-1 (well graded)
A-7-5 IP <
(LL-30)
A-7-6 IP > (LL-30)
CLASSIFICATIO N O F HIG HW AY SUBG RADE M ATERIALS(W ith suggested subgroups)
G eneral C lassification
G roup C lassification
Sieve Analysis,Percent Passing:
No. 10No. 40
No. 200
Characteristics offraction passing # 40:
Liquid Lim itP lastic ity Index
G roup Index
Usual Types of S ignific icant Constituent
M aterials
G eneral Rating as Subgrade
A-2
A-1-a A-1-b A-2-4 A-2-5 A-2-6 A-2-7
0-60
Stone Fragm ents, G ravel and Sand
A-3
51-1000-10
N.P.0
Fine Sand
0-50
G ranular M aterials (35% or less passing No. 200)
0-35 0-35 0-35 0-350-300-15
0-500-25
A-1
0-100-40 41+
0-100-4011+
41+11+
0 0-4
Silty or C layey G ravel and Sand
Excellent to G ood
Silt-C lay M aterials (M ore than 35% passing #200)
A-4 A-5 A-6A-7
A-7-5A-7-6
36-100 36-100 36-100 36-100
0-400-10
41+0-10
0-4011+
41+11+
Silty Soils C layey Soils
Fair to Poor
0-8 0-12 0-16 0-20
Dominan
kerikilDominan
pasir Lanau
dgn
plastisitas
Lanau
dgn
plastisitas
Lempung
dgn
plastisitas
Lempung
dgn
plastisitas
AASHTO SOIL CLASSIFICATIONAASHTO ( American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials)
REVIEW JENIS TANAH UNTUK SOIL-CEMENT DAN CEMENT-MODIFIED SOIL
AASHTO Classification of Soils
General classification
Granular Materials (35 % or less passing No. 200)
Silt-Clay Materials (more than 35 % passing No. 200
Group A-1 A-3 A2 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7 classification A-1-a A-1-b A-2-4 A-2-5 A-2-6 A-2-7 A-7-5, A-7-6 Sieve analysis, Percent passing : No. 10 50 max - - - - - - - - - - No. 40 30 max 30 max 30 max - - - - - - - - No. 200 15 max 15 max 15 max 35 max 15 max 15 max 15 max 36 min 36 min 36 min 36 min Characteristics of fraction passing No. 40 : Liquid limit - - 40 max 40 min 40 max 41 min 40 max 41 min 40 max 41 min Plasticity index 6 max N.P. 10 max 10 max 11 min 11 min 10 max 10 max 11 min 11 min*) Usual types of significant stone fragments fine silty or clayey gravel and sand silty soils clayey soils constituent gravel and sand sand materials General rating as excellent to good fair to poor subgrade * ) Plasticity index of A-7-5 is equal to or less than L.L. minus 30. Plasticity index of A-7-6 subgroup is greater L.L. minus 30.
Run sieveanalysis
≤
35% pass #200 implies granular
> 36% pass #200 implies silt-clay
<25%#200
≤
35% pass #200
Run LL and PL on material passing # 40
Run LL and PL on material passing # 40
<50%Pass #40
>51%Pass #40
<15% pass #200<30% pass # 40<50% pass #10PI is less than 6
<25% pass #200<50% pass # 40PI is less than 6
A-1-a
A-1-b
Run LL and PL on material passing # 40
PI<10
PI>11
<10% pass #200 A-3
LL<40
LL>41
LL<40
LL>41
A-2-4
A-2-5
A-2-6
A-2-7
PI<10
PI>11
LL<40
LL>41
LL<40
LL>41
A-4
A-5
A-6
PI ≤
LL-30 or PL ≥
30
PI > LL-30 or PL < 30
A-7-5
A-7-6
Figure 3.20. Flow chart showing the AASHTO classification system
ExamplePassing No.200 86%LL=70, PI=32LL-30=40 > PI=32
3347.33)10PI)(15F(01.0
)40LL(005.02.0)35F(GI
200
200
Round off A-7-5(33)
Passing No.200 86%LL=70, PI=32LL-30=40 > PI=32
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
b. BATAS CAIR ( LIQUID LIMIT = LL)LL = kadar
air tanah
dimana
apabila
dibuat
goresan
pada
tanah
tersebut
dengan
spatula standard akan
menutup
pada
25 kali pukulan.
Apparatus and grooving tool
Groove cut in sample prior to the test
Groove closed over 12.5 mm – soil at wL if this requires 25 “blows”
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
c. BATAS PLASTIS ( PLASTIC LIMIT = PL)PL = Kadar
air tanah
dimana
apabila
tanah
tersebut
digulung
sampai
dengan
diameter 3.2 mm mulai
terjadi
retak-retak.
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASANd. INDEKS PLASTIS (PLASTICITY INDEX = IP)
PI = IP = LL - PL
LLPLSLSOLID SEMI SOLID PLASTIS CAIR
0
LI 0 1
e. INDEKS KECAIRAN (LIQUIDITY INDEX= LI)
0 < LI < 1 Tanah
berada
dalam
daerah
plastisLI > 1 Tanah
dalam
keadaan
cair/hampir
cair
IPPLwLI C
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah
POKOK BAHASAN POKOK
BAHASAN
1. STRUKTUR TANAH :- Susunan geometrik partikel tanah
- Gaya antar partikel
2. TANAH BERBUTIR KASAR ( GRANULAR SOIL)
Gaya antar partikel sangat kecil
diabaikan , jadi : struktur tanah = susunan geometrik partikel
3. TANAH BERBUTIR HALUS YANG KOHESIVE (COHESIVE SOIL; MIS. LEMPUNG)
Gaya antar partikel
sangat dominan
Jadi : struktur tanah kohesive = susunan geometrik partikel tanah + gaya antar partikel
C. STRUKTUR TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
BAB IIIKLASIFIKASI
TANAH
A. UmumB. Tujuan
Klasifikasi Tanah
C. Jenis Pengujian Tanah1. Analisa Ayakan2. Analisa
Hidrometer3. Kurva Distribusi
D. Sistim Klasifikasi Tanah