presentation cranes (manish)

8/3/2019 Presentation CRANES (Manish)

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INTRODUCTION

A crane is a lifting machine,

generally equipped with a

winder (also called a wire

rope drum), wire ropes or

chains and sheaves that can

be used both to lift and

lower materials and to

move them horizontally.


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HISTORY

Ancient Greece

The crane for lifting

heavy loads was

invented by the Ancient

Greeks in the late 6th

century BC.


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Ancient Rome

In the High Middle Ages,

harbour cranes were introduced

to load and unload ships and

assist with their construction

some were built into stone towers

for extra strength and stability.

The earliest cranes wereconstructed from wood, but cast

iron and steel took over with the

coming of the Industrial

Revolution.


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MECHANICAL PRINCIPLE

There are three major considerations in the design of

cranes-

1- The crane must be able to lift the weight of the load.

2- The crane must not topple.3- The crane must not rupture.

Lifting capacity

Stability


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Major Cranes Used In Construction

Mobile

Cranes

Fixed

Cranes


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MOBILE CRANES

Mobile cranes are mounted oneither wheels or crawlers and

usually do not require a specialpermanent foundation from which

to lift.

Mobile cranes can be furtherclassified by boom type and carrier

type. Booms are either conventionallattice truss boom or telescopic

boom. Virtually all telescopic boomcranes in use today use hydrauliccylinders to extend and retract the

boom.


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Crawler Crane

A 500-ton crawler-mounted

mobile crane (not the biggest)

may take several days to erect

on site and to travel to the lift

location. However, a 45-ton truck-

mounted telescopic boom crane

is ready when it arrives on site

and can execute many lifts that

same day.


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Main Parts of Crawler Crane

Upper works of a

Crane


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Carrier

Crawler Base


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Crawler Crane Reaction


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FIXED(Tower) CRANE


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Tower Crane Cabin

The average fee to rent a 150-

foot (46 m) crane is $60,000 for

assembly and disassembly and

an additional $15,000 per month.


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CRANE SAFETY AND SELECTION

Plan Drawing is required.

Never consider operation in TippingPortion.

calculated weight of load is approximate, a5 percent margin of error should be

considered.

U.S. Department of Labour booklet MobileCrane Inspection Guidelines for OSHACompliance Officer.


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The following devices provide aid to

crane operators:

Boom angle indicator.

Drum turning indicator.

Empty or overfill drum indicator.

Over hoisting indicator.

Over hoisting limiter.

Over booming limiter.

Load indicator device.

Load moment indicator.

Rated capacity limiter.


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Questions

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