Principles of Interior design

Submitted by : Sakshi Ar/13/925

Submitted to: Ar. Ravinder Singh

•Principles of interior design are achieved through the application of the elements of design. •The principles are:

Proportion Scale

Balance Rhythm

Emphasis Style

proportion

• Proportion is the ratio between the size of one part to another.

• Proportion has a huge impact on the functionality of a space. It is all about the general size of objects and can change the entire look and feel of a room. Color, Space, and Style shows you how to get proportions right every time.

IMPACT OF PROPORTIONS IN A ROOM

scale

• Scale refers to the relationship between two or more objects, one that has a commonly known size. In most cases, the size of objects is compared to human scale.

• A larger room can handle furnishings and decor that are larger in scale. And vise versa. The smaller the room is, the more petite or delicate the furnishings and decor should be.

• It can be seen and divided in three categories:

1. Human scale 2. Monumental scale 3. Miniature scale

HUMAN SCALE One can find examples of this in

their homes and workplaces; for instance, standardized heights have been created for countertops, chairs have been scaled to fit our bodies, the widths of hallways allow for people to comfortably pass one another.

MONUMENTAL

SCALE

MINIATURE SCALE

BALANCE

• the majority of spaces have one goal is visual balance.

• This is achieved by distributing the visual weight of objects within a space to achieve a feeling of equilibrium.

• The size, color, texture, shape of an element can change its visual weight. •For example, larger, darker,

brighter, highly textured, complexly shaped objects typically feel heavier and require balance through the placement equally “heavy” items or multiple less heavy items. •Balance can also be achieved in three ways: symmetrically, asymmetrically and radially.

Symmetrical BALANCE

• Symmetrical balance is achieved when items are actually repeated or mirrored along a central axis.

• This type of balance is frequently seen in nature, our own bodies included.

• Symmetry is common in interior design and can portray a feeling of stability, calmness and dignity. however, can also be seen as static, dull and unimaginative

• Symmetry can be achieved through the use of pattern, arrangement of furniture, fixtures and millwork, and through the application of colour.

aSymmetrical BALANCE

• Asymmetrical balance relates very strongly to the visual weight of objects. Rather than repeating the same item within a space to achieve balance, in this case one uses different elements with a similar perceived weight to achieve balance on the opposing axis.

• complex shapes often feel heavier and for that reason are commonly used to achieve asymmetrical balance

• Asymmetrical interiors tend to feel more dynamic and less rigid because in these spaces a variety of objects types are working together to create balance. This form of balance can be more difficult to achieve it often requires an “eye for design”.

radial BALANCE

• Just as it sounds radial balance is almost circular – distributed arrangement of items around a central point either extending outward or inward.

• Common examples of radial balance translated to the interior environment include chairs centered around a table, the structure of a circular rotunda, or even a circular lighting fixture.

• If one wishes to create focus on a central item, applying radial balance (so that the attention is directed inward) is a great way to achieve this.

rhythm

• Rhythm can be thought of as a pattern in movement.

• rhythm can be applied to interior spaces as a way to introduce order, interest and focus, and to help lead your eye through a room.

•rhythm and can be achieved by repeating any of the elements of design. •Rhythm can also be achieved through progression. •Examples are a gradation of colour or a series of objects that start small and become large in a very regular manner.

emphasis

• It is a principle of interior design that says that a central piece of art or furniture must play the role of a focal point or attention grabber of a particular living space.

• Elements like color, pattern and texture must be used to emphasize a particular focal point.

• In fact these elements must be used in such a way that the focal point dominates the rest of the décor items and pulls the room together. Other items that surround the focal point must complement the latter and share a contrast that puts the focal point in the top priority.

• Style is evolved over a period of time, according to the use of various interior designing elements.

• They can be used solely or in combination (Fusion). Some of them are :

STYLE

Modern Minimalist Style

Classic Style R U S T I C

C R L E A I S N S T I E C R P R E T E D

Retro Style

Maverick Style

Contemporary Style

Country Style

Hi Tech Style

Modern Minimalist Style • This style is a form of extreme

accuracy, nothing is too much, without heavy backgrounds.

• The emphasis is on simplicity, the colors may be dull or bright, in any case flashy colors.

• Pieces are either geometric shapes – square, rectangular, round, but the surfaces are clean, no scenery, no details.

Classic Style • It is a refined style, developed, rich in

details, which are found both in the structure of furniture, lighting, etc. as well as in sets, prints.

• The furniture is the “art” type, carved or inlaid details and apply. Decorated with floral elements, vegetable, various leitmotif or scenes drawn from legends.

Rustic Style • Style structure is a crude, rough

details, structure elements of furniture / lighting can be in tree trunks, logs, branches, jute. Style is found in mountain vacation homes, rural.

Classic Reinterpreted Style • It is a refined style, elegant, where classic

forms details are found in a new approach.

• The forms preserves the structure of old forms or parts in general updating them sometimes, or some elements of a furniture style combined with modern elements, creating that fusion between old and new.

• Finishing parts are in a new approach-painted and varnished, with different and innovative colors, surface gold, silver.

Retro Style • It is the style of ’50s, ’60s or ’70s. In that

period it is anticipated design pieces to come.

• The songs have a playful approach, funny structure, their form and the play of colors and prints that we find in each piece.

• . Prints with geometric shapes, lines, plaid or printed with illustrations belonging to the Pop Art style.

Maverick Style • It is part of modern style, the approach

is very inventive, unusual and unconventional .

• Young, explosive, inventive not respect the rules.

• Structure can be obtained by joining pieces, overlapping volumes and volumes twisting colors can be randomly chosen even for the same room, seemingly nothing happens, only part of the excentrity of this style.

Contemporary Style • The style is contemporary-modern style but

maintains a hot line through selected finishes and color range used.

• The songs do not seem very new, modern, cool. Colors are balanced, warm, bright tones and pastel can be out of the question when it comes to these style. Finishes warm, wood-veneer, solid wood doors with frames or appearance to look more polished and panels upholstered with leather or sometimes, may be characteristic of this style.

• Textile materials, velvet, plush, upholstered pieces ptr skin are often used in shaping the ambience characteristic of this style.

Country Style • Rural style is elegant furniture style

with influences from English, French or Scandinavian classic pure style can be called rural chic.

• Furniture finishes are nice, bright colors-white, pastel colors and forms were taking over traditional furniture but not abundant decorations. Surfaces are painted or sometimes have a slight patina.

Hi -Tech Style • Hightech style is an innovative modern style,

the emphasis being on furniture structure where every detail of combination is not random and it is part of that structure.

• Screws, rivets, wheels apparent booms, rough metal finishes, appearances bulbs are specific to this style. The finishes used are often of metal, glass and plastic and wood in small proportions and for parts we find fabric-upholstered as simple as we can, leather.

• The colors are often dull-gray, white, small black scale.

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