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Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow à Upflow à Outflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington, Seattle, WA Jun Zhang, HRD, NOAA, Miami, FL Peter Black, Salinas, CA Research supported by NASA: Ocean Vector Winds Science Team IOVWST meeting, 2-4 May, 2017, La Jolla, CA

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Page 1: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

ProgressinCalculatingTropicalCycloneSurfaceWind

Inflowà Upflowà OutflowfromOVWObservations

RalphFoster,APL,UniversityofWashington,Seattle,WA

JunZhang,HRD,NOAA,Miami,FLPeterBlack,Salinas,CA

ResearchsupportedbyNASA:OceanVectorWindsScienceTeam

IOVWSTmeeting,2-4May,2017,LaJolla,CA

Page 2: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

ForceEmanuel“CarnotCycle”WithSAR-derivedPBLSolution

• Inputdata:Katrina,27Aug,200511:30– OVW(SAR,RadarSAT-1,1km)– SST(MW+IR,fromRSS,9km)

• Foster(2009,2017)PBLsolution(fromSAR)generateslowerBCtoEmanuel(1986)– PrimarilyWalongPBLtop– (“Ringthetroposphere’sbell”)

• Calculatetropospheric(U,V,W)• FirstGoal:CanIgetcorrectorderofmagnitude?

Page 3: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

1. DeriveSea-LevelPressure(SLP)fromSatelliteOVW(Foster,2017)2. DeriveGradientWindatthePBL-Top(h)fromSLP3. DerivePBL(U,V,W)fromSLP andOVWusingFoster(2009)4. Emanuel(1986)“Carnot”Cycle:

1. TCtroposphereisneutraltoSlant-wiseconvection↔2. AngularMomentum(M)surfacesareparalleltoSaturated,

equivalentPotentialTemperature(𝜃"∗)

3. OverturningSecondaryCirculationStreamfunction(ψ)isparalleltoM

5. UseSLP&Sea-SurfaceTemperature(SST)tofind𝜃"∗asfunctionof

Height(z)6. Find(R,z)profileofM atRMW(T(z))7. MoonandNolan(2010):𝑉 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 isself-similartoV(h)8. Calculate𝑀 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 from𝑉 𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒9. Calculateψ(h) fromPBLsolution(-.

-/= 𝑟𝑤,−-.

-3= 𝑟𝑢)

10.Interpolateψ intotroposphereknowing𝑀 ℎ11.Calculate(U,W)inTroposphere

(skip)

Page 4: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

ColdR-ZCross-Section

WarmR-ZCross-Section

RadarSAT-1(1kmOVW)

CombinedMW+IRSSTRemoteSensingSystems9kmSST

Page 5: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

ColdR-ZSection

W U

PrimaryforcingisW

Near-surfaceInflowinCold

SectionstrongerThaninWarmSection

Page 6: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

W

WarmR-ZSection

PrimaryforcingisW

U

Near-surfaceInflowinCold

SectionstrongerThaninWarmSection

Page 7: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

PrimaryforcingisW

Page 8: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

250km

Gray,1979CompositedObservations

U(m/s)

250km

Frank,1977

-400mb/day~0.4m/s

Page 9: Progress in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface … in Calculating Tropical Cyclone Surface Wind Inflow àUpflowàOutflow from OVW Observations Ralph Foster, APL, University of Washington,

Summary

• FirstestimateofTCTroposphericwindsfromOVWandSSTalone

• FirstcutatcouplingNon-linearPBLmodeltoEmanuel(1986)TCmodel

• Resultsarelowerthan,butwithinorder-of-magnitudeof,compositeobservations

• Year3:PBLmodelimprovementsin-progress• Year3:Morecompletecouplingplanned• Year4:ComparetoGlobalHawkObservations


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