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Le Bisphénol A et le triclosan dans les eaux de la rivière St-François : une préoccupation grandissante!. Département de génie civil 2500, boulevard de l’Université Sherbrooke (Qc) – J1K 2R1 [email protected] www.civil.usherbrooke.ca/environnement/index.htm. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Le Bisphénol A et le triclosan dans les eaux de la rivière St-François : une préoccupation
grandissante!
Projet de caractérisation – GCI747Département de génie civil2500, boulevard de l’UniversitéSherbrooke (Qc) – J1K [email protected] www.civil.usherbrooke.ca/environnement/index.htm
Substances perturbatrices du système endocrinien
Un composé chimique exogène ou un mélange de
composés qui altère une ou des fonctions du système
endocrinien des organismes et qui cause des effets
néfastes sur la santé des organismes vivants, sur leur
progéniture ou sur une partie de la population.
Vos et al., (2000), Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
Substances perturbatrices du système endocrinien
http://web.bryant.edu/~dlm1/sc372/readings/toxicology/endocrinedisrupter.jpg
Les effets des EDCsEffets hormono-dépendants :
Estrogène (xénoestrogène);Thyroïde;
• Féminisation des espèces aquatiques;• Diminution de l’épaisseur de la coquilles des œufs chez lesoiseaux;• Diminution du nombre de spermatozoïdes chez l’humain…
Les effets des EDCs
Les effets des EDCs
“However, essentially all of the evidence to date suggests that it is the potent steroidal estrogens that are the primary causative agents leading to feminization of fish…..”
Sumpter and Johnson 2005
Quelques EDCs atrazine (weedkiller) 4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) (sunscreen lotions) butylated hydroxyanisole / BHA (food preservative) bisphenol A (monomer for polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resin; antioxidant in plasticizers) dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (one of the breakdown products of DDT) dieldrin (insecticide) DDT (insecticide) endosulfan (insecticide) erythrosine / FD&C Red No. 3 ethinylestradiol (combined oral contraceptive pill) (released into the environment as a xenoestrogen) heptachlor (insecticide) lindane / hexachlorocyclohexane (insecticide) metalloestrogens (a class of inorganic xenoestrogens) methoxychlor (insecticide) nonylphenol and derivatives (industrial surfactants; emulsifiers for emulsion polymerization; laboratory
detergents; pesticides) polychlorinated biphenyls / PCBs (in electrical oils, lubricants, adhesives, paints) parabens (lotions) phenosulfothiazine (a red dye) phthalates (plasticizers)
DEHP (plasticizer for PVC)
Quelques EDCs
Cabana et al., Eng. Life Sci., 2007
Les xénoestrogènes
Fang et al., (2001), Chem. Res. Toxicol.
17β- estradiol
Bisphénol A
Bisphénol A (BPA)
Origine: Matière première dans l’industrie plastique
Polycarbonates et résine époxy Principales sources : Production de BPA,
lixiviation de résidus plastiques, site d’enfouissement , etc.
Reconnue comme xénoestrogène
OH
C
OH
CH3 CH3
BPA
EDCs étudiées
[BPA]effluents ~ 1 µg/l; [BPA]boues ~ 75 mg / kg; [BPA]lixiviats ~ 15 mg/l
Triclosan (TCS)
Agent antimicrobien utilisé dans les produits de soins corporels (eg. dentifrices, déodorants, savons, etc.)
Relargué dans l’environnement par les effluents et les boues des usines d’épuration des eaux usées municipales
Perturbations endocriniennes mal connues Perturbations du système thyroïdien
[TCS]effluents jusqu’à ~ 5 µg/l; [TCS]boues ~ 55 mg/kg
OH
Cl
O
Cl
Cl
EDCs étudiées
Quelques exemples
Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999-2000: A national reconnaissance. Kolpin et al., 2002.
Toronto
Occurrence of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Sewage and Sludge Samples in Toronto, Canada. Lee et al., 2004.
In this study, BPA was observed in all 30 sewage samples with concentrationsranging from 0.16 to 28.1 μg/L (median0.75 μg/L) in the influents and from 0.01 to 17.3 μg/L (median 0.13 μg/L) in the effluent (Table 2).
Effluent concentrations (μg/L) of acidic drugs, triclosan, polycyclic musks and hormones for 12 municipal wastewater
treatment plants along the Thames River, Canada
Analyte (μg/L)
MDL n < MDL Median Mean Maximum
Salicylic acid 0.087 36 0.104 0.106 0.121
Ibuprofen 0.061 23 0.353 0.384 0.773
Gemfibrozil 0.077 22 0.255 0.246 0.436
Naproxen 0.074 18 0.351 0.452 1.189
Ketoprofen 0.088 30 0.114 0.125 0.210
Diclofenac 0.062 15 0.140 0.194 0.748
Indomethacin
0.10 30 0.149 0.190 0.507
Fenofibrate 0.026 39 – – –
Fenoprofen 0.066 39 – – –
Clofibric acid 0.066 39 – – –
Triclosan
0.031 15 0.106 0.108 0.324
Celestolide 0.016 28 0.0200 0.025 0.09
Phantolide 0.018 39 – – –
Traseolide 0.013 13 0.047 0.045 0.072
Galaxolide 0.012 0 0.876 0.751 1.82
Tonalide 0.0085 1 0.298 0.274 0.600
Estradiola 0.005 34 – – –
Estronea 0.005 17 0.013 0.0076 0.038
Occurrence and reductions of pharmaceuticals and personal care products and estrogens by municipal wastewater treatment plants in Ontario, Canada. Lishman et al., 2006.
Twelve Ontario MWWTPs discharging into the Thames River were chosen as the sample sites. The Thames River, the second largest river in southwestern Ontario, flows into eastern Lake Erie
Les effets de ces contaminants La littérature scientifique s’est grandement étoffée au cours des dernières années à ce sujet;
Voici quelques références d’intérêt…
Barnes, K.K., Christenson, S.C., Kolpin, D.W., Focazio, M., Furlong, E.T., Zaugg, S.D., Meyer, M.T. et Barber, L.B. (2004). Pharmaceuticals and other organic waste water contaminants within a leachate plume downgradient of a municipal landfill. Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, vol. 24, n° 2, p. 119-126.
Barnes, K.K., Kolpin, D.W., Furlong, E.T., Zaugg, S.D., Meyer, M.T. et Barber, L.B. (2008). A national reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - I) Groundwater. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 402, n° 2-3, p. 192-200.
Bouskine, A., Nebout, M., Brucker-Davis, F., Benahmed, M. et Fenichel, P. (2009). Low Doses of Bisphenol A Promote Human Seminoma Cell Proliferation by Activating PKA and PKG via a Membrane G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor. Environmental health perspectives, vol. 117, n° 7, p. 1053-1058.
Cahill, J.D., Furlong, E.T., Burkhardt, M.R., Kolpin, D. et Anderson, L.G. (2004). Determination of pharmaceutical compounds in surface- and ground-water samples by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography a, vol. 1041, n° 1-2, p. 171-180.
Focazio, M.J., Kolpin, D.W., Barnes, K.K., Furlong, E.T., Meyer, M.T., Zaugg, S.D., Barber, L.B. et Thurman, M.E. (2008). A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - II) Untreated drinking water sources. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 402, n° 2-3, p. 201-216.
Lee, H.B. et Peart, T.E. (2000). Bisphenol A contamination in Canadian municipal and industrial wastewater and sludge samples. Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, vol. 35, n° 2, p. 283-298.
Lee, H.B. et Peart, T.E. (2002). Organic contaminants in Canadian municipal sewage sludge. Part I. Toxic or endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds. Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, vol. 37, n° 4, p. 681-696.
Lee, H.B., Peart, T.E., Chan, J. et Gris, G. (2004). Occurrence of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in sewage and sludge samples in Toronto, Canada. Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, vol. 39, n° 1, p. 57-63.
Meeker, J.D., Sathyanarayana, S. et Swan, S.H. (2009). Phthalates and other additives in plastics: human exposure and associated health outcomes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol. 364, n° 1526, p. 2097-2113.
Mills, P.C., Kolpin, D.W., Scribner, E.A. et Thurman, E.M. (2005). Herbicides and degradates in shallow aquifers of Illinois: Spatial and temporal trends. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, vol. 41, n° 3, p. 537-547.
Oehlmann, J., Schulte-Oehlmann, U., Kloas, W., Jagnytsch, O., Lutz, I., Kusk, K.O., Wollenberger, L., Santos, E.M., Paull, G.C., Van Look, K.J.W. et Tyler, C.R. (2009). A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol. 364, n° 1526, p. 2047-2062.
Reinstorf, F., Leschik, S., Musolff, A., Osenbruck, K., Strauch, G., Moder, M. et Schirmer, M. (2009). Quantification of large-scale urban mass fluxes of xenobiotics and of the river-groundwater interaction in the city of Halle, Germany. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, vol. 34, n° 8-9, p. 574-579.
Shi, W., Wang, X.Y., Hu, W., Sun, H., Shen, O.X., Liu, H.L., Wang, X.R., Giesy, J.P., Cheng, S.P. et Yu, H.X. (2009). Endocrine-disrupting equivalents in industrial effluents discharged into Yangtze River. Ecotoxicology, vol. 18, n° 6, p. 685-692.
Talsness, C.E., Andrade, A.J.M., Kuriyama, S.N., Taylor, J.A. et vom Saal, F.S. (2009). Components of plastic: experimental studies in animals and relevance for human health. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol. 364, n° 1526, p. 2079-2096.
Teuten, E.L., Saquing, J.M., Knappe, D.R.U., Barlaz, M.A., Jonsson, S., Bjorn, A., Rowland, S.J., Thompson, R.C., Galloway, T.S., Yamashita, R., Ochi, D., Watanuki, Y., Moore, C., Pham, H.V., Tana, T.S., Prudente, M., Boonyatumanond, R., Zakaria, M.P., Akkhavong, K., Ogata, Y., Hirai, H., Iwasa, S., Mizukawa, K., Hagino, Y., Imamura, A., Saha, M. et Takada, H. (2009). Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, vol. 364, n° 1526, p. 2027-2045.
La rivière St-François
http://www.cogesaf.qc.ca/SaintFrancois/IndexSaintFrancois.html
Pour de plus amples informationsCOGESAF : http://www.cogesaf.qc.ca
Catherine Frizzle : [email protected]