projman module 1

8/2/2019 Projman Module 1

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Module 1

Project Management


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Project A Project is a temporary, unique and progressive

attempt or endeavor made to produce some kindof a tangible or intangible result (a uniqueproduct, service, benefit, competitive advantage,

etc.).

It includes a series of interrelated tasks that areplanned for execution over a fixed period of time

and within certain requirements and limitationssuch as cost, quality, performance, others.


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Key Characteristics

Temporary: Every project has a finite start and end. The start

is the time when the project is initiated and its concept isdeveloped. The end is reached when all objectives of theproject have been met (or unmet if its obvious that the projectcannot be completed then it is terminated).

Unique Deliverable(s). In the context of this key

characteristic, any project aims to produce somedeliverable(s) which can be a product, service, or someanother result. Deliverables should address a problem orneed analyzed before project start.

Progressive Elaboration. With the progress of a project,

continuous investigation and improvement become available,and all this allows producing more accurate andcomprehensive plans. This key characteristic means that thesuccessive iterations of planning processes result indeveloping more effective solutions to progress and developprojects.


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Key Characteristics In addition to the listed key characteristics,

a conventional project is: Purposeful as it has a rational and measurable

purchase Logical as it has a certain life-cycle Structured as it has interdependencies between

its tasks and activities Limited by available resources Risk as it involves an element of risk


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Major Projects in India


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Project Classification Project Focus Project Risks Low, Medium or High

Total Investment Size

Communication Complexity The number of people who are actively involved in

the project

Geographical/temporal distribution of the projectactivities

Cultural distribution of the project team Development Methodology

Duration


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Project Scope

"The work that needs to be accomplished todeliver a product, service, or result with thespecified features and functions."

Scope creep is a term which refers to theincremental expansion of the scope of aproject, which may include and introducemore requirements that may not have been a

part of the initial planning of the project, whilenevertheless failing to adjust schedule andbudget


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Project Risk The risk elements in the order of frequency of

occurrence are as 1) schedule,

2) scope and

3) resource.

(Source: Identifying and Managing Project Riskby TomKendrick)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_%28project_management%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_%28project_management%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_%28project_management%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_%28project_management%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_%28project_management%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_%28project_management%29


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Schedule risk Project Dependencies

Estimation errors

Decision Delay

Hardware Delay


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Scope Risk Scope creep

Hardware defect

Software defect

Scope gap (ill defined scope) Dependency change (unexpected legal,

regulatory, etc.)

Integration defect (change due to unexpected

behavior)


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Resource Risk Outsourcing delays

Lack of funds

Attrition of resources

People joining the team late Scarcity of skills


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Project management PM is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and

techniques to the projects activities to meet theproject requirements.

PM is accomplished through the use of processeslike: initiating, planning, executing, controlling andclosing.

The project team manages the work of the projects,and the work typically involves: Competing demands for scope, time, cost, risk and

quality Stakeholders with differing needs and expectations

Identified requirements

Source: PMBOK


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Project Plan "...a formal, approved document used to guide

both project executionand project control. Theprimary uses of the project plan are to documentplanning assumptions and decisions, facilitate

communication among stakeholders, anddocument approved scope, cost, and schedulebaselines. A project plan may be summarized ordetailed."

Source: PMBOK


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Project Plan At a minimum, a project plan answers basic questions

about the project:

Why? - What is the problem or value propositionaddressed by the project? Why is it being sponsored?

What? - What is the work that will be performed on

the project? What are the majorproducts/deliverables?

Who? - Who will be involved and what will be theirresponsibilities within the project? How will they beorganized?

When? - What is the project timeline and when willparticularly meaningful points, referred to asmilestones, be complete?

Source: PMBOK


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Project Management


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Management Skills in Projects


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Other Management skills in PM

Leading: One/many leaders (SituationalLeadership)


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Other Management skills in PM Communicating involves exchange of information.


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Other Management skills in PM We must take care of general communication

nuances like:


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Other Management skills in PM Negotiating involves conferring with others to

come to terms with them or reaching anagreement.

During the course of a project, the project staff is

likely to negotiate any or all of the following:


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Other Management skills in PM Problem solving involves a combination of

problem identification and decision making.


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Other Management skills in PM Influencing the organization involves the ability to

get things done.

It requires an understanding of formal andinformal structures of the organizations involved.

It also requires an understanding of themechanics of power and politics.


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Application areas in PM


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Initiation It is the process of formally authorizing a new

project or that an existing project should continueinto its next phase.

Project are initiated for some of the following

reason: Market demand

Business need

Customer request

Technology Social need

Legal requirement


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Planning The Project Plan is the most important document

in the project, as it provides the Project Managerwith a roadmap ahead, and it tells them duringthe journey whether they are on-track.

Resource plan - A properly documentedResource Plan will specify the exact quantities oflabor, equipment and materials needed tocomplete your project.

Financial plan


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Planning Quality plan - It will help you to set quality targets

for your project to ensure that the deliverablesproduced, meet the needs of your customer.

Risk plan

Procurement plan


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Closure

Project Closure involves releasing the finaldeliverables to the customer, handing over projectdocumentation to the business, terminatingsupplier contracts, releasing project resources

and communicating project closure to allstakeholders.

The last remaining step is to undertake a PostImplementation Review to identify the level of

project success and note any lessons learned forfuture projects.

projman module 1

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