public and civil society in emergency response and recovery
DESCRIPTION
Public and Civil Society in Emergency Response and RecoveryTRANSCRIPT
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
SESSION 4 PUBLIC AND CIVIL SOCIETY IN EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND RECOVERY
Peter Medway Project Manager, CDMP II, Bangladesh Email: [email protected] September 25, 2014
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
The 70s: Response Oriented, formation of early warning and preparedness
1970 Deadliest cyclone Gorky, over 300,000 people died
1972 CPP established, wireless network created
The 80s and 90s: Emergence of the DM Approach 1987/88 Severe flood, FAP formulated
1991 Deadliest cyclone, over 138,800 people died, shifting from reactive response to disaster risk reduction.
1993- Constitution of the DMB
1997- Drafting of the SOD
1998 - Prolonged Flood
The 2000s:Consolidation towards a comprehensive system 2000 CDMP I formulated and launched in 2004
2005 - MoFDM re-established, GoBs new DM vision
2006 Revised MoFDM AoB
2007 Cyclone Sidr, estimated deaths 10,000, damages $1.7 billion. Prolong consequences over safe water, sanitation, health, agriculture. Salinity intrusion.
2009 Cyclone Aila, estimated damages $552.6 million. Prolong consequences.
2010 CDMP II Initiated. Codified formal DM System: revised SOD, NPDM
2012 DM Act enacted, MoDMR Established, DDM Established.
PARADIGM SHIFT
CYCLONE GORKY
RELIEF
CYCLONE AILA
CPP INAUGURATION
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
DM VISION, ER MODEL
The Disaster Management Vision of the Government of Bangladesh is to reduce the risk of people, especially the poor and the disadvantaged, from the effects of natural, environmental and human induced hazards, to a manageable and acceptable humanitarian level, and to have in place an efficient emergency response system capable of handling large scale disasters.
Emergency Response (ER)
Warning/Evacuation/Search/Rescue (Response) Emergency Relief (Response) (Actual activation of the response system)
Emergency Rehabilitation (Recovery) Long Term Holistic Rehabilitation (Recovery) (Considering Risk Reduction Process)
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
DRIVERS: EMEREGENCY RESPONSE 1. DM Act 2012: In order to carry out the response activities in an effective and efficient manner
following a large scale disaster, DM Act calls to form a National Disaster Response Coordination Group (NDRCG), to be Chaired by Minister, MoDMR and Members are from 9 Ministries, AFD, Law Enforcing Agencies.
DM Act also calls for establishment of National Body of Volunteers for Disaster and Local Disaster Response Coordination Group at City, District, Upazilla and Municipality level.
2. National Plan for DM 2010-2015: Provisioned for Earthquake Incident Command Systems (ICS) and National Disaster Response and Recovery Fund that will consolidate the existing relief funds.
3. Standing Orders on Disasters (SOD): Highlighted the response and recovery system as response to Warning period (alert and activation), Disaster onset (response) and Post disaster period (relief, early recovery and rehabilitation).
Designate BMD, SPARRSO, BWDB/FFWC, as warning agencies, along with content and format of warning info. The SOD have been revised with the avowed objective of making the concerned persons understand and perform their duties and responsibilities regarding disaster management at all levels.
4. Hygo Framework for Action: HFA highlights the importance of involving the civil society, private sector, NGOs, community organizations and voluntary groups in DRR process, along with scientific community.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
EMERGENCY RESPONSE COORDINATION FRAMEWORK
International
National
Local
Political Mandate (services for all)
States responsibilities to care for victims of disasters, for prevention
and for preparedness
Simp
licity of co
ord
inatio
n stru
cture
NDMC NDRCG
Ministerial Coordination MoDMR
LCG DER & HCTT
Sectoral Coordination Inter -Sector Coordination
Intra-Sector Coordination
UN, NGOs, Donors
Coordinated Response
Support Global Clusters
International Humanitarian Framework
Information and support between the
global and country level
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
EARLY WARNING: BUSINESS ALLOCATION Hazard Types Mandated Warning Agencies
Cyclone BMD
Storm Surge, Tsunami BMD
Norwester, Tornado, Hailstorm BMD
River Flood, Flash Flood FFWC (BWDB); BMD, SPARRSO
Erosion BWDB
Drought, Heatwave BMD, DAE, BWDB
Cold wave, Fog BMD
Earthquake, Landslide BMD
Waterborne Hazards ICDDRB, DOE
PMO, NDRCG/C Decision Making
NDRCC, DDM/DMIC/DMIN, Transmission
Fire Services, AFD, Coastguard, CPP, BDRCS, the Media, Telecoms Provides (IVR, SMS)
Dissemination
CPP Volunteers, Urban Volunteers, BETAR, BTV, Media Last Mile
Responders (FSCD, CPP, BDRCS, Police, Ansar, AFD) Relief/Aid Community
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
EARLY RECOVERY NEED ASSESSMENT
Approximate Loss and Damage and Emergency Requirement
Local Government Officers (DDRO/PIO) in consultation with DMCs
SOS Form (Immediate after disaster) with 24 hours
Detail Assessment of Damage and Loss
Local Government Officers (DDRO/PIO) in consultation with DMCs
D-Form (After disaster) within 21 days
The Humanitarian Coordination Task Team (HCTT) comes under the LCG DER as a platform for strengthening the collective capacity of humanitarian actors in Bangladesh. HCTT conducts the JNA in post disaster situation.
Joint Need Assessment (Recover assessment)
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
ROLE OF NGOs / CIVIL SOCIETY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (As per SOD)
Normal Times a) NGOs will take steps for disaster preparedness at
all levels and prepare plans. b) Appoint team of volunteers and workers in disaster
prone areas and arrange for their training. c) Take up educational and awareness raising
programmes for the people to combat disaster. d) Arrange and participate in seminars, workshops
and meetings for earning special efficiency and skill in disaster management.
e) Keep contact with concerned Ministry/Department/office/ Agency interested in disaster/relief work, United Nation Organizations and non-government organizations.
f) Ensure road communication for stocking and receipt of relief materials and maintenance of water transports.
g) If possible, participate in the construction work of fortified earthen mound and flood shelter, cyclone shelter and linking them with various socio-economic and social development programmes.
h) Take any other steps in connection with preparedness programme of the people to meet any emergency situation.
Alert Stage a) In case of cyclone, issue warning notice to all
concerned. b) Ensure dissemination of warning signals to the
concerned community. c) In case of cyclone, keep contact with CPP and the
Control Room of Storm Warning Centre (SWC) of BMD.
d) Designate one Liaison Officer for maintaining link with the EOC at the DMRD and the Control Room of DMB.
e) Issue instructions to Survey Assessment Team to be on standby and take any other steps, if necessary.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
ROLE OF NGOs / CIVIL SOCIETY EMERGENCY RESPONSE (as per SOD)
Warning Stage a) Assist in damages, losses and needs assessment in affected
areas and dispatch of relief/medical teams and arrival of concerned relief and medical units to the affected areas soon after the passage of disaster.
b) Assist the local authority to determine loss and damage and requirement and supply information to these organizations and own Headquarters.
c) Give emergency assistance to the disaster affected people, especially in the following cases.
i. Help in rescue and evacuation work. ii. Assist the local administration in organising shelter
places. iii. Give first aid to injured persons. iv. Arrange complementary food according to the need
of distressed people. v. Arrange preventive and limited curative treatment. vi. Arrange for the necessary household materials and
clothing to be dispatched to the seriously affected people.
d) Inform appropriate authority about loss and damage and requirement of affected people.
e) Arrange for use of material, received from areas not attacked by disaster and from Headquarters in areas affected by disaster.
f) Send request for requirement of relief and rehabilitation assistance to the donor agencies after informing NGO Affairs Bureau.
g) Inform concerned DMCs and DMB about the response activities in order to have better coordination and avoid duplication.
Rehabilitation Stage a) Participate in reconstruction and rehabilitation
programmes in special circumstances. b) Take steps for correct and effective evaluation of
preparedness work and for correcting errors/weakness in such work.
c) Provide assistance to the local authority in any possible way for relieving the distress of people.
d) Extend Cooperation to the DMCs in preparation of list of disaster affected people and the requirement and probability of rehabilitation.
e) Ensure implementation of government guidelines (i.e BNBC, shelter etc.) for infrastructure construction in the affected and disaster prone areas.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
ROLE OF NGOs / CIVIL SOCIETY EXPERIENCE
NGOs involvement in DRR activities in Bangladesh has been proven effective for a number of reasons:
NGOs are operational at grassroots level with communities and local organizations as partners, and
NGOs follow participatory approach to development planning. This allows them to respond better to local peoples priorities and build on local capacities. NGOS often work with the poorest and the most vulnerable groups .
NGOs are relatively free from bureaucratic systems and delays, and better able to respond and adapt quickly and conveniently
NGOs appear to be more actively involved policy and advocacy, knowledge dissemination and awareness, community-based risk and vulnerability assessment, community-based preparedness
Worked as strong advocate for paradigm shift of DM in last decade in Bangladesh
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
TRADITION OF RESILIENCE
Vulnerable people demonstrates strong coping capacities.
Government and NGOs are adept to disasters.
Perfecting the art of disaster governance: sophisticated regulatory framework, institutional mandate, financing and programmatic arrangements.
Long and strong tradition of voluntarism. Individuals and Community Based Organizations act as first responders in emergency.
DHL supported to develop Airport Contigency Plans.
Rana Plaza, an eight-storied commercial building collapsed on 24 April, 2013 at around 9:30 am. The building housed five garment factories employing around 5,000 people, 300+ shops, and a bank. An official statement of the Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association cited 3,122 workers to be in the building at the time of the collapse.
During the rescue operation Enam Medical College Hospital helped saving many lives by providing immidiate medical care to the injured.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
VOLUNTARISM = 1.7% GDP
Deep rooted tradition Socio-cultural and religious virtues.
Historically rooted from major disasters, impacts of the independence war, and the persistent poverty.
Growing from relief, to micro credits/initiatives, to professionalization and policy influence.
Contributing 2 Bn hours, BDT 117 Bn ; or 1.7% GDP BBS Surveyed 44,000 HHs, 6 divisions, 16,500 pax in 2009- 10
76%(M), 24 (F)
74%(Rural) 26%(Urban)
Rate: 27%(M) 8.4(F) total 17.5%
Types: 88.8%(informal), 10% (formal), 1.5%(both)
Of the informal: 72% (non-gov NPI) 10%(gov NPI) 4.3 (NGO)
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS PROGRAMME (CPP) A TRUE VOLUNTEERISM PROGRAMME
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
CPP - BRIEF
Vision
Reduce the risk & loss of life and assets from the cyclonic storms.
Objectives
Build up volunteers teams to strengthen preparedness and prompt response network; to strengthen warning signals and prompt and effective community response to the cyclone signals.
History
After the 1970 super cyclone the UNGA requested the Red Cross to lead in pre-disaster planning including the Cyclone Preparedness Programme (CPP), The GoB approved and undertook the recurring financial responsibility and setup a joint programme management mechanism.
Structure
Head Office in Dhaka, 7 zonal offices, each has Upazila offices, each has Union offices, each has some Units, each has 15 volunteers for 5 posts (Warning Signal, Shelter, Rescue, First Aid and Relief), each unit covers 2 km area.
Activities
Public awareness and education during normal times; early warning in the impending, and response during the onset of cyclones
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
STATE OF PLAY
CDMP supports Rapidly establishing 6 Upazilas in 2 Districts that are newly affected by cyclones.
Trained 6,500 volunteers.
Established offices and provided equipment and gears.
To be broadened to five other Upazilas.
Overall CPP Achievements Dramatically decreasing the absolute number of deaths from half
million in 70s; to 130,000 in the 90s; to 3,000 in 2007, and 113 in 2009.
CPP volunteers are well accepted and honored in the community.
Some 50,000 volunteers providing their service.
Volunteers extending welfare and relief activities.
Peoples positive attitude to the cyclone shelter.
Promote the roles of female Volunteers.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
THE URBAN VOLUNTEER ANOTHER PROGRAM OF VOLUNTEERISM
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
REPLICATING CPP TO THE CITIES
In one hand Fast & unplanned urbanization at 4.5 to 6 % annually.
Deadly combination: seismic hazards & bad buildings.
Dangerous cities: overcrowded, clogged, hazardous.
Gaps in public services & protection.
In the other hand The good example of CPP.
Professionalizing first responders by FSCD.
GoB wants 62,000 volunteers over the years
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
THE URBAN VOLUNTEER
Key objectives To provide the necessary knowledge and build skills towards pro-active role in saving lives and reduce damages from disasters.
Purpose Expanding the first response capabilities, establish network of supports; enhanced public protection credibility.
Strategies Sound governance attached to FSCD, well trained, well equipped, engaged.
Progress CDMP is committed to provide 30,000 by 2014, so far achieved 26,465.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
THE URBAN VOLUNTEER
Engagement All types of disastrous incident i.e. fire, landslide, road accident, collapsed structure.
Role Awareness raising.
Pre-incident activities.
Pre-hospital treatment.
Facilitate the access of FSCD vehicle to incident place.
Identify available resources and sources water source.
Support FSCD staffs during emergency.
volunteers activated all types of incident like fire, landslide, road accident, collapsed
structures etc. They play role on awareness program. They are now able to minimize the
pre incident activities & provide pre-hospital treatment of the casualties. Volunteers
provided remarkable support to secure FSCD vehicle in incident place. Volunteers can
indentify water sources in their areas for fire fighting purpose. Ensure the location of the
incident place. Actively participated with FSCD professional during emergency.
Volunteers took part in various kind of national & international days , workshops, rallies
and seminars
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
COMMUNITY BASED VOLUNTEER LANDSLIDE TEKNAF AND COXS BAZAR MUNICIPALITY
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
COMMUNITY BASED VOLUNTEER LANDSLIDE HAZARD MANAGEMENT TEKNAF AND COXS BAZAR MUNICIPALITY
CDMP II supported DatEx-ADPC Joint Venture to develop Community Based Volunteers in Teknaf and Coxs Bazaar Municipality area to Introduce Community-based Early Warning System as per Landslide Hazard Management initiative.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
COMMUNITY BASED VOLUNTEER LANDSLIDE HAZARD MANAGEMENT TEKNAF AND COXS BAZAR MUNICIPALITY
A total of 59 volunteers and facilitators have been developed, 43 from Coxs Bazar and 16 from Teknaf Municipality. They are given necessary trainings, tools, and now they are fully operational in the area.
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
CDMPS SUPPORT DECISION MAKING
PMO: Equipment, telecoms MoDMR: Telecoms, Equipment, training, NDRCC DDM: Telecoms, Equipment, training, NDRCC, DMIC PRINCIPAL AGENCIES
BMD: Instrumentation, training, mini studio FFWC/BWDB: Extension of warning lead time, instrumentation, training, GSB: Microzonation, active fault mapping, instrumentation, training SPARSSO (with UNSPIDER): interagency GIS training, SOPs, Protocol to access Remote Sensing data
and Space Technology
SECOND LAYERS
DAE: Control room & Network to all target Upz offices, instrumentation, training DoE: Climate change Cell, knowledge network, training FSCD: instrumentations, training of responders PIB for the Media, Community Radios DGHS: Emergency Health Crisis Management Center GRASSROOTS
CPP: expansion to 6 new upazilla (6,500 new volunteers), completion of another 5 Urban Volunteers: 26,465 from 30,000 out of national target of 62,000 Pilot landslide volunteer (59 in Coxs Bazar)
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
CDMPS SUPPORT DECISION MAKING
PMO: Equipment, telecoms MoDMR: Telecoms, Equipment, training, NDRCC DDM: Telecoms, Equipment, training, NDRCC, DMIC PRINCIPAL AGENCIES
BMD: Instrumentation, training, mini studio FFWC/BWDB: Extension of warning lead time, instrumentation, training, GSB: Microzonation, active fault mapping, instrumentation, training SPARSSO (with UNSPIDER): interagency GIS training, SOPs, Protocol to access Remote Sensing data
and Space Technology
SECOND LAYERS
DAE: Control room & Network to all target Upz offices, instrumentation, training DoE: Climate change Cell, knowledge network, training FSCD: instrumentations, training of responders PIB for the Media, Community Radios DGHS: Emergency Health Crisis Management Center GRASSROOTS
CPP: expansion to 6 new upazilla (6,500 new volunteers), completion of another 5 Urban Volunteers: 26,465 from 30,000 out of national target of 62,000 Pilot landslide volunteer (59 in Coxs Bazar)
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
RANA PLAZA: THE LESSONS
CDMP investment payoff: Deployment and coordination of trained
rescuers from FSCD and allied professionals
Trained urban volunteers (around 600) Use of equipment Appropriate search-and-rescue methodologies
Policy and awareness imperatives:
Implementation of Building Code Retrofitting capacity improvement Fire and building safety awareness
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Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief
Thank you
For more information contact: Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Department of Disaster Management Bhaban (6th Floor) 92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd