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TbTbTbTbilisiilisiilisiilisi 2001

Sinaarsi:Sinaarsi:Sinaarsi:Sinaarsi: SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali ratom unda gamoviyenoT qaris energia? saxelmZRvanelos miznebi da amocanebi saxelmZRvanelos struqtura pirveli Tavi _ qaris resursebipirveli Tavi _ qaris resursebipirveli Tavi _ qaris resursebipirveli Tavi _ qaris resursebi

1.1. Sesavali 1.2. qari, rogorc energiis wyaro 1.3. qari, rogorc energiis wyaro did britaneTSi

meore Tavi _ rogormeore Tavi _ rogormeore Tavi _ rogormeore Tavi _ rogor muSaobs qaris turbina? muSaobs qaris turbina? muSaobs qaris turbina? muSaobs qaris turbina?

2.1. Sesavali 2.2. qaris turbinis komponentebi 2.3. qaris turbinis simZlavre

mesame Tavi _ qaris mowyobilobis tipebimesame Tavi _ qaris mowyobilobis tipebimesame Tavi _ qaris mowyobilobis tipebimesame Tavi _ qaris mowyobilobis tipebi

3.1. Sesavali 3.2. ganyenebuli sistemebi

3.2.a. hibriduli sistemebi 3.2.a.1. qari-dizelis sistema praqtikuli magaliTebi: holvelis ferma, didi britaneTi ruseTi 3.3.b.2. qari-mzis fotoeleqtruli (PV) sistemebi 3.4. eleqtrul qselSi CarTuli mowyobilobebi 3.4.a dabali Zabvis eleqtrul qselTan dakavSireba 3.4.b eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebis Rirebuleba

meoTxe Tavi _ qaris eneqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcieleba meoTxe Tavi _ qaris eneqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcieleba meoTxe Tavi _ qaris eneqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcieleba meoTxe Tavi _ qaris eneqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcieleba 4.1. Sesavali

EWEA / BWEA-s qaris energiis proeqtis ganxorcielebis sqema mexuTe Tavi _ qaris energiis proeqtis dafinmexuTe Tavi _ qaris energiis proeqtis dafinmexuTe Tavi _ qaris energiis proeqtis dafinmexuTe Tavi _ qaris energiis proeqtis dafinansebaansebaansebaanseba 5.1. Sesavali _ proeqtis ganxorcieleba 5.2. proeqtis Sefaseba 5.2.a winaswari investireba. winaswari gamokvlevis xarjebi 5.2.b wliuri xarjebi

5.3. qaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dafinanseba 5.3.a bankisTvis warsadgeni tipuri informacia

meemeemeemeeqvse Tavi _ daproeqtebaqvse Tavi _ daproeqtebaqvse Tavi _ daproeqtebaqvse Tavi _ daproeqteba 6.1. Sesavali 6.2. saproeqto nebarTvis miReba 6.3. adgilmdebareobis SerCeva 6.4. mosazrebebi garemos Sesaxeb

meSvide Tavi _ sazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgaris meSvide Tavi _ sazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgaris meSvide Tavi _ sazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgaris meSvide Tavi _ sazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgaris mSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmi 7.1. Sesavali 7.2. sazogadoebis CarTva 7.3. sazogadoebis mier qaris energiis gamoyenebiT miRebuli sargebeli 7.4. qaris eleqtrosadguris mflobeloba merve Tavi _ qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla, jandacva damerve Tavi _ qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla, jandacva damerve Tavi _ qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla, jandacva damerve Tavi _ qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla, jandacva da usafrTxoebausafrTxoebausafrTxoebausafrTxoeba 8.1 droiTi scenari 8.1.a praqtikuli magaliTi – holvelis ferma 8.1.b qselSi CarTuli qaris eleqtrosadguris magaliTi - ABPRODUCE 8.2. eqspluatacia 8.2.a mcire masStabis avtonomiuri qardanadgaris eqspluatacia 8.2.b farTo masStabis qardanadgaris eqspluatacia 8.3. jandacva da usafrTxoeba 8.3.a turbinebis usafrTxoebis sakiTxebi 8.3.b momsaxurebis procedurebi 8.3.g publikaciebi mecxre Tavi _ kiTxvebi mecxre Tavi _ kiTxvebi mecxre Tavi _ kiTxvebi mecxre Tavi _ kiTxvebi daskvna daskvna daskvna daskvna gamoyenebuli literatura gamoyenebuli literatura gamoyenebuli literatura gamoyenebuli literatura danarTebi:danarTebi:danarTebi:danarTebi: danarTi 1. ganmartebiTi leqsikonidanarTi 1. ganmartebiTi leqsikonidanarTi 1. ganmartebiTi leqsikonidanarTi 1. ganmartebiTi leqsikoni danarTi 2. danarTi 2. danarTi 2. danarTi 2. qaris energiis gamoyenebis istoria

danarTi 3. danarTi 3. danarTi 3. danarTi 3. sazomi erTeulebi danarTi 4. danarTi 4. danarTi 4. danarTi 4. abreviatura danarTi 5. danarTi 5. danarTi 5. danarTi 5. evropis qveynebis praqtikuli magaliTebi ganyenebuli sistemebi: ganyenebuli sistemebi: ganyenebuli sistemebi: ganyenebuli sistemebi:

1. kaunasi, litva 2. dartmuri, didi britaneTi 3. kastala, espaneTi 4. kastala, espaneTi

qselTan dakavSirebuli sistemebi: qselTan dakavSirebuli sistemebi: qselTan dakavSirebuli sistemebi: qselTan dakavSirebuli sistemebi: 1. kisovo, poloneTi 2. kornvoli, didi britaneTi

3. ros-Sairi, Sotlandia 4. kembrijSairi, didi britaneTi danarTi 6. danarTi 6. danarTi 6. danarTi 6. sakontaqto pirebi da misamarTebi danarTi 7. danarTi 7. danarTi 7. danarTi 7. evrokomisiis mier rekomendebuli proeqtebi da publikaciebi

SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali

energiis wyaroebisadmi interesi ukanasknel wlebSi sul ufro

izrdeba, rac energetikuli krizisebis, globaluri daTbobis da saTbobi

airebis efeqtiTaa gamowveuli. wiaRiseuli sawvavis gamoyeneba garemos

abinZurebs. magaliTad, naxSirbadis orJangis (CO2) gamoyofa zrdis

globaluri daTbobis safrTxes, xolo gogirdis orJangi (SO2) mJavur

wvimebs iwvevs. sazogadoebam gaiazra, rom wiaRiseuli sawvavis maragebi

swrafad iwureba. aRniSnulis gaTvaliswinebiT ganaxlebadi resursebis

gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebi sul ufro da ufro mimzidveli xdeba.

ganaxlebadi energia mravali formiT gvevlineba: qaris energia, wylis

energia, mzis energia, zRvis miqcev-moqcevis da talRebis energia, biomasa

da meoradi energoresursebi. ganaxlebadi energetikuli resursebi

praqtikulad amouwuravia.

msoflio masStabiT qaris energiis gamoyenebis mniSvnelovani zrda

gansakuTrebiT bolo wlebSi SeimCneva. amJamad msoflioSi 20000-ze meti

eleqtroenergiis mwarmoebeli qaris turbinaa. dResdReobiT energiis es

forma saimedo da konkurentunariania. AamasTan, arsebuli teqnologiebi

turbinebis simZlavris farTo diapazonSi cvlilebis saSualebas iZleva,

rac qmnis qaris energiis sxvadasxva daniSnulebiT gamoyenebis

SesaZleblobas.

ratom unda gamoviyenoT qaris energia?ratom unda gamoviyenoT qaris energia?ratom unda gamoviyenoT qaris energia?ratom unda gamoviyenoT qaris energia?

bevri miiCnevs, rom garemosTvis erT-erT udides safrTxes klimatis

globaluri cvlileba warmoadgens. Tu Cven ganvagrZobT atmosferos

dabinZurebas didi raodenobiT saTbobi airebis emisiiT, aman SeiZleba

metad saziano cvlilebebi gamoiwvios, magaliTad, klimatis cvlileba,

adamianTa sikvdilianobis zrda, cxovelTa ganadgureba, zRvis donis

amaRleba da miwebis gaukacrieleba.

1997 wlis dekemberSi, kiotoSi (iaponia) klimatis cvlilebis

konvenciis farglebSi gaeros mesame konferenciaze 160 qveynis

warmomadgeneli Seikriba. konferenciaze 10 dRis intensiuri molaparakebis

Sedegad miRweul iqna winaswari SeTaxmeba mrewvelobis dargebSi saTbobi

gazebis emisiis Semcirebis Sesaxeb, rac globaluri daTbobis gamomwvev

erT-erT mizezadaa miCneuli.

did britaneTma, kiotos SeTanxmebis farglebSi, miznad daisaxa

saTbobi airis gamoyofis Semcireba. 2008-2010 wlebisTvis igi saTbobi

airebis gamoyofis Semcirebas 1990 welTan SedarebiT 12,5%-iT apirebs.

Semdgomi nabijebi moicavs 2010 wlisaTvis naxSirorJangis (CO2) gamoyofis

20%-iT Semcirebas. amis gaTvaliswinebiT, energiis ganaxlebad wyaroebze

gadasvla axlave unda daiwyos. es niSnavs, rom uaxloes momavalSi, energiis

ganaxlebadi wyaroebis gamoyenebis didi zrdaa mosalodneli. amJamad

energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroebi evrogaerTianebis qveynebis moTxovnilebis

mxolod 5,4%-s akmayofilebs, maSin rodesac arsebuli resursebiT bevrad

metia SesaZlebeli. britaneTis qaris energiis asociaciis ((((BWEA))))

monacemebiT did britaneTSi 2005 wlis bolosTvis qaris turbinebis

dadgmuli simZlavre 2005 megvt-s miaRwevs. Aam droisaTvis qaris turbinebi

didi britaneTis eleqtroenergiaze mTliani moTxovnilebis 1,6%-s

daakmayofilebs, rac 1,25 mln adamianis moTxovnas Seesabameba.

saxelmZRvanelos miznebi da amocanebi:saxelmZRvanelos miznebi da amocanebi:saxelmZRvanelos miznebi da amocanebi:saxelmZRvanelos miznebi da amocanebi:

• araprofesionalTaTvis iseTi saxelmZRvanelos miwodeba, romelic qaris

turbinebis gamoyenebas, rogorc ganaxlebadi energiis miRebis wyaros

ganixilavs;

• energetikul da ganyenebul sistemaSi kerZo pirebis, mcire da saSualo

sawarmoebis ((((SMEs)))), magaliTad fermerebis mier, mcire da/an farTo

masStabis qaris turbinebis erTjeradi damontaJebis gagebis

gamartivebas;

• qaris energiis gamoyenebisaTvis gaweuli samuSaoebis da calkeuli

qveynebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli praqtikuli magaliTebis ganxilva.

• saxelmZRvanelo xelmisawvdomi unda iyos am proeqtebSi monawile yvela

qveynisaTvis da iTargmnos am qveynebis enaze.

saxelmZRvanelos struqturasaxelmZRvanelos struqturasaxelmZRvanelos struqturasaxelmZRvanelos struqtura

saxelmZRvanelo mkiTxvels acnobs qaris energiis, rogorc energiis

ganaxlebadi wyaros gamoyenebis process.

saxelmZRvaneloSi axsnilia, Tu ra aris qaris energia da rogor SeiZleba

gamoyenebuli iqnas igi Tanamedrove qaris turbinebis gamoyenebiT.

mocemulia avtonomiuri sistemebisa da qselTan dakavSirebuli turbinebis

mokle aRwera. saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxilulia qaris energiis gamoyenebis

proeqtis Sesrulebis sruli procesi. igi moicavs am procesis aucilebeli

etapebis mimoxilvas, agreTve mSeneblobasa da saproeqto nebarTvis

mopovebasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs.

saxelmZRvaneloSi ganxilulia agreTve sakuTrebis formebi kerZo pirebis,

mcire sawarmoebisa da sazogadoebis calkeuli jgufebisaTvis.

qaris turbinis gamoyenebis praqtikuli magaliTebiT saxelmZRvanelos

daxmarebiT miRebuli codna SegviZlia realobas davukavSiroT. ganxilulia

qaris energiis gamoyenebis istoria da ganviTarebis perspeqtivebi. erT-erTi

Tavi miZRvnilia qaris energiis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebul kiTxvebze

pasuxebisadmi. danarTebi moicavs damatebiT informacias: sazomi erTeulebi,

abreviatura da sxv.

pirveli Tavipirveli Tavipirveli Tavipirveli Tavi

qarisqarisqarisqaris resursebi resursebi resursebi resursebi

1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali

dedamiwaze sicocxlis da amindis mamoZravebel Zalas warmoadgens

mzis gamosxiveba. qaris energia aris mzis gamosxivebis Tburi energia

gardaqmnili haeris nakadis kinetikur energiad. amdenad igi SeiZleba mzis

energiis saxesxvaobad CaiTvalos.

`adamiani qaris energias jer kidev 2000 wlis win iyenebda

da is dReisaTvis eleqtroenergiis miRebis erT-erTi

yvelaze imedismomcemi energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroa~.

qaris energia ganaxlebadi resursia. masze did gavlenas axdens iseTi

geografiuli aspeqtebi, rogoricaa adgilmdebareoba da miwis safari _

xeebi da Senobebi. Cveulebriv, qaris siCqare izrdeba zRvis donidan da

miwis zedapiridan simaRlis zrdiT. qaris energia misi siCqaris kubis

proporciulia. qaris siCqaris gaormageba iwvevs energiis rvajer gazrdas.

amgvarad, 5 m/wm saSualo siCqaris qari Seicavs orjer met energias, vidre 4

m/wm siCqaris.

qaris eleqtrosadguri unda ganlagdes iseTi winaRobebisagan

moSorebiT, rogorebicaa xeebi, nagebobebi da sxva samSeneblo

konstruqciebi, radganac isini amcireben qaris siCqares, iwveven

turbulenturobas da zRudaven mis energias.

1.2. 1.2. 1.2. 1.2. qari, rogorc energiis wyaroqari, rogorc energiis wyaroqari, rogorc energiis wyaroqari, rogorc energiis wyaro

Tanamedrove qaris turbinebi warmoadgenen saimedo mowyobilobebs da

qaris energiis eleqtroenergiad gardaqmnisas xasiaTdebian sakmaod maRali

efeqturobiT. `SemiZlia, Tu ara qaris turbinis gamoyeneba iq, sadac

movisurveb?~ es is kiTxvaa, romelic unda dasvas man, vinc qars energiis

wyarod ganixilavs.

rodesac qaris turbinebis ganlagebis adgils virCevT, aucilebelia

rigi faqtorebis gaTvaliswineba. es faqtorebi momdevno TavebSia

ganxiluli, magram pirveli kiTxva, romelsac unda gaeces pasuxi aris: `aqvs

ki am adgilze qars iseTi siCqare, rom qaris turbina ekonomikurad

efeqturi iyos?~

imisTvis, rom daadginoT, aqvs Tu ara SerCeul midamos an qveyanas

sakmarisi qaris resursi, unda ganixiloT da gaanalizoT qaris atlasi.

dasavleT evropaSi qari ufro Zlieria sanapiro da mTian regionebSi.

konkretuli informaciisaTvis unda daukavSirdeT qaris energiis evropul

asociacias ((((EWEA) () () () (sakontaqto informacia _ me-6 danarTi). Tu gansaxilvel

midamoSi ar aris qaris sakmarisiY resursi, maSin am adgilisTvis energiis

sxva ganaxlebadi wyaro unda moiZebnos.

did britaneTSi qaris energiis monacemTa bazis gacnoba SeiZleba

Sesabamisi rukis saSualebiT, romelic qveynis nebismier adgilze qaris

siCqaris gansazRvris SesaZleblobas iZleva. SesaZlebelia qaris siCqaris

sxvadasxva simaRleze gansazRvra 1km×1km masStabiT. es informacia SeiZleba

miRebul iqnas qaris siCqaris monacemTa bazidan da qaris energiis

britanuli asociaciidan ((((BWEA)))).

SeniSvna: qaris energiis bSeniSvna: qaris energiis bSeniSvna: qaris energiis bSeniSvna: qaris energiis britanuli asociacia (ritanuli asociacia (ritanuli asociacia (ritanuli asociacia (BWEA) da ) da ) da ) da

qaris energiis evropuli asociacia (qaris energiis evropuli asociacia (qaris energiis evropuli asociacia (qaris energiis evropuli asociacia (EWEA) komerciuli ) komerciuli ) komerciuli ) komerciuli

organizaciebia.organizaciebia.organizaciebia.organizaciebia.

1.3. 1.3. 1.3. 1.3. qari, rogorc energiis wyaro did britaneTSiqari, rogorc energiis wyaro did britaneTSiqari, rogorc energiis wyaro did britaneTSiqari, rogorc energiis wyaro did britaneTSi

CrdiloeT naxevarsferoSi, didi britaneTis mdebareobidan

gamomdinare mis kunZulebze gabatonebulia dabali wnevebi, ris gamoc did

britaneTs evropaSi erT-erTi saukeTeso qaris resursi aqvs.

evropis qaris atlasi gviCvenebs, rom didi britaneTis did

teritoriaze (daaxloebiT 37500 km2) qaris saSualo wliuri siCqare 7,5 m/wm-

s aRemateba, rac srulad akmayofilebs qaris turbinebis moTxovnebs.

qaris turbinebis ganlagebam ofSorul zonebSi SeiZleba kidev ufro

gazardos qaris energiis poteniali. amis dasturia didi britaneTis, daniis,

holandiis da SvedeTis magaliTebi. imis gamo, rom ofSoruli zonebisTvis

gankuTvnili qaris turbinebi Zalze didi simZlavrisaa, aq isini detalurad

ar aris ganxiluli. Tu gsurT maT Sesaxeb miiRoT informacia ixileT

`sanapiro qaris energiis wyaroebis Sefaseba”. aRniSnulis Sesaxeb

detaluri informacia gamoyenebul literaturaSia mocemuli.

meore Tavimeore Tavimeore Tavimeore Tavi

rogor muSaobs qarogor muSaobs qarogor muSaobs qarogor muSaobs qaris turbina?ris turbina?ris turbina?ris turbina?

2.1. 2.1. 2.1. 2.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali

Tanamedrove qaris turbina horizontaluri RerZiT aris mowyobiloba,

romelic qaris meqanikur energias gardaqmnis eleqtroenergiad. lilvi,

brunvis siCqaris gazrdis mizniT, reduqtoris saSualebiT dakavSirebulia

eleqtrogeneratorTan. arsebobs turbinebis sxvadasxva konstruqciuli

Sesruleba. yvelaze xSirad gamoiyeneba samfrTiani mowyobiloba (rotori),

romelsac aqvs brunvis siCqaris avtomaturi marTvis sistema. turbinebis

simZlavre ramdenime kvt-dan 1.3 megvt-amde meryeobs.

CaamateT diagramaCaamateT diagramaCaamateT diagramaCaamateT diagrama

2.2. 2.2. 2.2. 2.2. qaris turbinis komponentebiqaris turbinis komponentebiqaris turbinis komponentebiqaris turbinis komponentebi

rotoris frTebis diametri ramdenime metridan 65 metramde, xolo

brunvis siCqare 15-dan 50 br/wT-Si meryeobs, Tumca zogierT Tanamedrove

mowyobilobas gansxvavebuli siCqarec aqvs. koSkuris simaRle 10.....75 metris

farglebSia. isini, rogorc wesi, cilindruli formisaa, Tumca zogierT

qveyanaSi baduri struqturis koSkurebic gamoiyeneba. turbinebis

umetesobas aqvs reduqtori, ise rom eleqtrogenerators muSaoba

mniSvnelovnad maRal siCqareze uwevs.

qaris turbinebis dazianebis Tavidan asacileblad, magaliTad,

qariSxalis dros, isini avtomaturad Cerdebian. gaTvaliswinebulia

mowyobilobis Senaxvis, movlis da dacvis sistemebi.

2.3. 2.3. 2.3. 2.3. qaris turbinis simZlavreqaris turbinis simZlavreqaris turbinis simZlavreqaris turbinis simZlavre

turbines simZlavris SerCeva damokidebulia imaze Tu romel

sistemaSia gankuTvnili misi gamoyeneba. magaliTad, Tu igi eleqtrul

qselTan unda SeerTdes, maSin misi simZlavre 50-500 kvt an SeiZleba metic

iyos. dReisaTvis 1,3 megvt da ufro maRali simZlavris turbinebic

gamoiyeneba.

avtonomiuri sistemebisaTvis, rogorc wesi, ufro mcire simZlavris

turbinebi gamoiyeneba. magaliTad, sacxovrebeli saxlis eleqtruli

energiiT momaragebisaTvis gamoyenebuli qaris turbinis simZlavre 10 kvt-

mdea. sistemas, Cveulebriv, aqvs akumulatori, SeiZleba momaragebuli iyos

agreTve dizel-generatoriT, romelic Tavis funqcias wynar amindSi

asrulebs. sawarmoebs da centraluri qselidan daSorebul dasaxlebul

punqtebs SeuZliaT analogiuri an ufro didi simZlavris sistemis

gamoyeneba. mivardnil mTian raionebSi 1 kvt an ufro mcire simZlavris

turbinebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas akumulatorebis damuxtvisa da mcire

simZlavris mowyobilobebis energiiT uzrunvelyofisaTvis.

mesame Tavimesame Tavimesame Tavimesame Tavi

qaris mowyobilobis tipebiqaris mowyobilobis tipebiqaris mowyobilobis tipebiqaris mowyobilobis tipebi

3.1.3.1.3.1.3.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali

qaris turbina SeiZleba iyos an eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebuli –

rodesac warmoebuli energia qsels miewodeba, an avtonomiuri – rodesac

gamomuSavebuli energia adgilzeve gamoiyeneba.

aseTi proeqtebi me-5 danarTSia warmodgenili.

miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmZRvanelo ZiriTadad avtonomiur

sistemebs exeba, qselTan dakavSirebul sistemebsac mniSvnelovani adgili

aqvs daTmobili. ise rom, qaris turbinebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb mkiTxvels

zogadi warmodgena unda Seeqmnas. arsebuli mowyobilobebis tipebis

ganxilva qvemoTaa warmodgenili.

? 3.2. ? 3.2. ? 3.2. ? 3.2. ganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebi

avtonomiuri qaris turbina gare eleqtruli qselisagan

damoukideblad muSaobs, Tumca man SeiZleba sxva generatorebTan erTadac

imuSavos. Cveulebriv, aseTi sistemebi gamoiyeneba sacxovrebeli saxlebis,

fermebis, mcire da saSualo biznesis obieqtebis eleqtroenergiiT

momaragebisaTvis. aseTi sistemebi, rogorc wesi, iZlevian mudmiv dens, rac

akumulatorebis dasamuxtad gamoiyeneba. sistemaSi invertoris arsebobisas,

akumulatorebSi dagrovili eleqtroenergia SeiZleba cvladi denis 220-240

v Zabvad iqnes gardaqmnili. ufro didi simZlavris sistemebi, romelic

SeiZleba ramdenime saxls emsaxurebodes, Cveulebriv cvlad dens iZlevian.

zogierT daSorebul regionSi aseTi sistemebi, centralur eleqtrul

qselTan mierTebasTan SedarebiT, fasis mixedviT SeiZleba ufro efeqturi

iyos.

3.2.a. 3.2.a. 3.2.a. 3.2.a. hibriduli sistemebihibriduli sistemebihibriduli sistemebihibriduli sistemebi

qaris hibridul (kombinirebuli) sistemaSi qaris turbinasTan erTad

sxva saxis generatori (magaliTad, dizel-generatori) an energiis wyaro

gamoiyeneba. meore generatori warmoadgens damatebiT da damxmare wyaros,

romelic qaris danadgarTan erTad uzrunvelyofs momxmareblis

eleqtroenergiiT stabilur da uwyvet momaragebas wynar amindSi an

turbinis remontis periodSi.

3.2.a.1. qari3.2.a.1. qari3.2.a.1. qari3.2.a.1. qari----dizelis sistemadizelis sistemadizelis sistemadizelis sistema

es sistema Sedgeba qaris turbinisa da dizel-generatorisagan.

sistemis komponentebis simZlavre mowyobilobasa da qaris resurszea

damokidebuli da Cveulebriv eleqtruli qselidan daSorebul adgilebSi

gamoiyeneba. qaris turbinis simZlavre, rogorc wesi, 10 kvt-dan 20 kvt-mde

meryeobs. aseT adgilebSi eleqtroenergiis gamomuSaveba dizelis sawvavis

transportirebaze gaweuli didi xarjebis gamo Zviri jdeba. amitom, unda

vecadoT, rodesac ki es SesaZlebelia, energia qaris turbinidan miviRoT. es

amcirebs dizel-generatoris muSaobis dros da Sesabamisad sawvavisa da

eqspluataciis xarjebs.

wynar amindSi, Tu akumulatoris muxti gansazRvrul zRvars qvemoT

daiwevs, dizel-generatori avtomaturad iwyebs muSaobas da uzrunvelyofs

energiis miwodebas.

Tu qari-dizelis sistema kargadaa gaangariSebuli da damontaJebuli

da sworad xdeba misi eqspluatacia, maSin misi teqnikur-ekonomikuri

maCveneblebic maRali iqneba. qvemoT moyvanili praqtikuli magaliTi

gviCvenebs Tu rogor akmayofilebs eleqtroenergiaze moTxovnas am tipis

sistemis gamoyeneba fermas, Tavisi sami sacxovrebeli saxliT.

praqtikuli magaliTipraqtikuli magaliTipraqtikuli magaliTipraqtikuli magaliTi

holvelis ferma, didi britaneTiholvelis ferma, didi britaneTiholvelis ferma, didi britaneTiholvelis ferma, didi britaneTi

holvelis ferma, romelic vidikombe-murSi (devoni, inglisi)

mdebareobs, energosistemidan 1,5 km-Taa daSorebuli. warsulSi fermisa da

sami sacxovrebeli saxlis manqana-mowyobilobis moTxovnilebebs mesame

Taobis dizel-generatori uzrunvelyofda. eleqtromomaragebis es sistema

xmauriani da Zneli Sesanaxi iyo. fermis qarian adgilze ganlagebis gamo,

misma mflobelma gadawyvita dizelis sistema mcire masStabis qaris

mowyobilobiT Seecvala.

1991 wlis ianvarSi gancxadeba proeqtirebis Sesaxeb daproeqtebis

specialistebis erovnul parks waredgina. proeqti momzadda Sps Farm

Energy-s mier, manve daamontaJa sistema (sakontaqto informacia ixileT me-6

danarTSi). landSaftis damaxinjebis Tavidan asacileblad, turbinebis

garSemo xeebi dairgo. pirveli turbinis ageba 1992 wlis ianvarSi daiwyo da

TebervalSi dasrulda. meore turbinis aRmarTvis nebarTva, fermis

mflobelis prioritetad rCeboda.

dizelis sistema Seicvala 20 kvt simZlavris qaris turbiniT, romlis

rotoris diametri 8,8 m-ia. rotori koSkurazea damagrebuli. manZili

rotoris centridan miwis zedapiramde 24,4 metrs Seadgens. turbina

gamoimuSavebs eleqtroenergias, rodesac qaris siCqare 2,5-25 m/wm diapazonSi

meryeobs, xolo nominalur simZlavres aRwevs 12 m/wm-is dros. turbina

xelovnurad muxruWdeba, rodesac qaris siCqare 25 m/wm-s aRemateba. es

ganapirobebs danadgaris dazianebis Tavidan acilebas qariSxlis dros.

asinqronuli samfaza generatori uzrunvelyofs qaris energiis

eleqtroenergiad gardaqmnas. igi muxtavs akumulators, romelsac 120 kvtsT

(1000 asT) eleqtroenergiis dagroveba SeuZlia. momxmarebels eleqtruli

energia invertoris gavliT miawodeba.

qareleqtruli blokis funqciaa akumulatoris damuxtva, kontroli,

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi dizel-generatoris CarTva da fermis saxlebisaTvis

energiis miwodeba. misi gamoyeneba gvarwmunebs, rom qselis xarisxiani

eleqtroenergia yovelTvis xelmisawvdomia. igi agreTve iTvaliswinebs

dizel-generatoris CarTvas _ raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnas

akumulatorebis sruli damuxtva susti qaris an misi 20%-mde ganmuxtvis

SemTxvevaSi, agreTve maSin, rodesac didia energiaze moTxovna.

am mowyobilobis mTliani Rirebuleba daaxloebiT 100000 funtia

(154.000 evro 1.54 gacvliTi kursiT). igi moicavs:

1. turbinas;

2. dizel-generators;

3. akumulatorebis batareas;

4. sakontrolo sistemas;

5. miwisqveSa sakabelo gayvanilobebs;

6. daproeqtebis sistemas;

7. saproeqto gancxadebis mosamzadebel samuSaoebs.

aRniSnuli proeqti mflobelebis piradi saxsrebiT da grantiT (15000

funti) dafinansda.

ETSU-ma (sakontaqto informacia ixile me-6 danarTSi) am proeqtis realizaciasTan dakavSirebiT gamosca sainformacio masala, sadac

mocemulia danadgaris eqspluataciis gamocdileba. kerZod masSi

aRniSnulia, rom turbina elvis ori arapirdapiri dartymiT dazianda da

misi aRdgenis Rirebuleba sagarantio momsaxurebiT iqna dafaruli. ase rom,

es xarjebi mflobels ar gauRia. damiwebis problema turbinis ganlagebis

adgilis qveS mdebare aramdgradma granitma gamoiwvia. elvis Semdgomi

dartymis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, samontaJo zedapirze 200 metris sigrZis

spilenZis Rero moTavsda. imis gamo, rom turbinis frTebi daibzara, isini

epoqsidis reziniT dafaruli axali frTebiT Secvales.

ganxilul proeqts aqvs Semdegi Rirsebebi:

1. obieqtis1. obieqtis1. obieqtis1. obieqtis eleqtroenergiiT saimedo da moxerxebuli eleqtroenergiiT saimedo da moxerxebuli eleqtroenergiiT saimedo da moxerxebuli eleqtroenergiiT saimedo da moxerxebuli

momarageba;momarageba;momarageba;momarageba;

2. saeqspluatacio xarjebis 90 procentiT Semcireba, dizelis 2. saeqspluatacio xarjebis 90 procentiT Semcireba, dizelis 2. saeqspluatacio xarjebis 90 procentiT Semcireba, dizelis 2. saeqspluatacio xarjebis 90 procentiT Semcireba, dizelis

sistemis gamoyenebasTan SedarebiT;sistemis gamoyenebasTan SedarebiT;sistemis gamoyenebasTan SedarebiT;sistemis gamoyenebasTan SedarebiT;

3. saTbobi airebis atmosferoSi gamoyofis Semcireba.3. saTbobi airebis atmosferoSi gamoyofis Semcireba.3. saTbobi airebis atmosferoSi gamoyofis Semcireba.3. saTbobi airebis atmosferoSi gamoyofis Semcireba.

unda aRiniSnos, agreTve, rom turbinis xmaurs ar Seuwuxebia

adgilobrivi mosaxleoba da Sinauri cxovelebi.

ruseTiruseTiruseTiruseTi

1998-1999 wlebSi murmanskisa da arxangelskis olqebSi 1,5 da 10 kvt

simZlavris ramdenime qaris turbina damontaJda. kidev TerTmeti sofeli,

romelic dizel-generatoridan miRebuli eleqtroenergiiT maragdeba,

qaris turbinebis gamoyenebisaTvis SerCa.

3.3.b.2.3.3.b.2.3.3.b.2.3.3.b.2. qari qari qari qari----mzis fotoeleqtruli "mzis fotoeleqtruli "mzis fotoeleqtruli "mzis fotoeleqtruli "PV" sistemebi sistemebi sistemebi sistemebi

eleqtroenergiis miReba fotoeleqtruli panelebiT mzis sxivebis

energiis gardaqmnis xarjzea SesaZlebeli. miuxedavad imisa, rom am

mowyobilobis fasi maRalia, mas rogorc energiis wyaros, SeuZlia qaris

energia Zalze kargad Seavsos. Cveulebriv, qaris energiis potenciali

zamTarSia didi, maSin rodesac mzis fotoeleqtruli sistemis

gamomuSavebis maqsimumi zafxulze modis. amrigad, am ori xerxis

kombinacias kargi momavali aqvs.

3.4.3.4.3.4.3.4. eleqtrul qselSi CarTuli mowyobilobebieleqtrul qselSi CarTuli mowyobilobebieleqtrul qselSi CarTuli mowyobilobebieleqtrul qselSi CarTuli mowyobilobebi

eleqtrul qselSi CarTuli turbinebi, romlebic gamoimuSaveben

cvlad dens, arsebuli qselidan moixmaren garkveuli raodenobis aqtiur

da reaqtiul energias, romelic saWiroa aRgznebis, marTvisa da

kontrolisaTvis. qaris turbina energiis gamomuSavebas qaris garkeul

siCqareze iwyebs – rogorc wesi es aris 4 m/wm. aRgznebis deni miiReba

qselidan da gamoiyeneba imisaTvis, rom eleqtruli generatori imyofebodes

qselis fazaSi. turbinis muSaobis warmoebuli eleqtroenergia pirdapir

qsels miewodeba.

qselSi CarTuli turbinebi ZiriTadad iseT adgilebSi gamoiyeneba,

sadac maRalia qaris resursi da garantirebulia finansuri ukugeba, anu

qareleqtruli bloki komerciuli TvalsazrisiT momgebiania.

qareleqtruli bloki miwis is nakveTia, sadac qaris mimarTulebis

sawinaaRmdegod ganlagebuli qaris turbinebis jgufebi rigebadaa

damontaJebuli. aseTi blokis mSeneblobisas gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos

masTan misasvleli gza, agreTve qvesadguris, marTvis da kontrolis

sistemebis ganlageba. qareleqtruli blokis teritoriaze arsebuli miwebi

SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes sxva miznebisTvisac, magaliTad, soflis

meurneobisTvis.

aseTi tipis qaris eleqtrosadgurebSi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas

200-1500 kvt simZlavris turbinebi. kiotos xelSekrulebis Sesrulebis

mizniT aseTi eleqtrosadgurebi sul ufro metad ikidebes fexs evropis

qveynebSi. qaris eleqtrosadguris jamurma simZlavrem SeiZleba miaRwios

ramdenime aTeul megvt-s.

aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac firmebi da kerZo pirebi amontaJeben didi

simZlavris qaris turbinas da miRebul eleqtroenergias yidian qselis

mflobelze, riTac iReben karg Semosavals.

rodesac qaris turbinis mier gamomuSavebuli eleqtroenergiis

ZiriTadi momxmarebelia calkeuli sawarmo da qaris turbinis gamomuSaveba

dabalia (susti qaris SemTxvevaSi), sawarmo energias iRebs qselidan, xolo

rodesac qaris turbina sawarmos moTxovnaze met energias iZleva, piriqiT-

Warbi energia miewodeba qsels.

3.4.a.3.4.a.3.4.a.3.4.a. dabali Zabvis eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebadabali Zabvis eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebadabali Zabvis eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebadabali Zabvis eleqtrul qselTan dakavSireba

Tu gsurT eleqtrul qselTan dakavSireba pirvel rigSi unda

daadginoT aris Tu ara qseli imdenad Zlieri, rom qaris turbinidan

miRebuli energia energosistemas gadaeces.

qselis simZlavris SezRudulobam SeiZleba gavlena iqonios SerCeuli

turbinis simZlavreze. qselis SesaZleblobebi unda Semowmdes Sesabamis

regionalur kompaniaSi, magaliTad, CrdiloeT irlandiaSi aseTia Northen

Ireland Electricity.

3.4.b.3.4.b.3.4.b.3.4.b. eleqtrul qselTan eleqtrul qselTan eleqtrul qselTan eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebis RirebulebadakavSirebis RirebulebadakavSirebis RirebulebadakavSirebis Rirebuleba

eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebis Rirebuleba mis adgilmdebareobasa

da simZlavrezea damokidebuli. Tu qseli saWiroebs modernizacias, maSin

kapitaluri danaxarjebi SeiZleba iyos maRali, an masTan mierTeba

SeuZlebelic iyos. sxvadasxva qveynebSi eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebis

wesebi gansxavavebulia, amitom damatebiTi informaciis misaRebad Tqven

adgilobriv operators unda daukavSirdiT.

meoTxe TavimeoTxe TavimeoTxe TavimeoTxe Tavi

qaris eqaris eqaris eqaris eleqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcielebaleqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcielebaleqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcielebaleqtrosadguris proeqtis ganxorcieleba 4.1. 4.1. 4.1. 4.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali Tu Tqven gadawyviteT qaris eleqtrosadguris ageba, Zalze

sasargebloa gqondeT proeqtis ganxorcielebis sakontrolo sqema da

icodeT am sferoSi Tanamedrove teqnologiebis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi.

EWEA-is sakontrolo sqema aris martivi da British Wind Energy Association

(BWEA)-is mier Seqmnili sqemis msgavsi.

EWEA-i 1982 wels dafuZnda maTTvis, vinc qaris energiis kvlevisa da

gamoyenebis sferoSi moRvaweobs. igi aris qaris energiis gamoyenebis

sferoSi moqmedi komerciuli organizacia (sakontaqto informacia ixileT

me-6 danarTSi).

qaris energiis gamoyenebis Tanamedrove teqnologiebis ZiriTadi

mimarTulebebi damuSavda EWEA-is mier sxva organizaciebTan erTad. maT

mier Camoyalibebuli miTiTebebi zogadia xasiaTisaa da mxolod

SesaZleblobebis maCvenebelia. rogorc qaris energiis buneba, aseve

mowyobilobebi Zalze mravalferovania, xolo proeqti ki konkretul

obieqtze unda iyos gaTvlili.

miuxedavad imisa, rom miTiTebebi zogadia da exeba yvela proeqts,

samuSao, romelic specialistis mier sruldeba proeqtis dizainisa da

garemos Sefasebis sakiTxebSi, damokidebulia mocemuli proeqtis xasiaTze,

danadgaris simZlavreze da adgilmdebareobaze.

EWEA/BWEA-is mier SemuSavebul sqemaSi gamoyofilia proeqtis

ganxorcilebis ZiriTadi etapebi. qvemoT es etapebi ganxilulia detalurad:

• � sadguris mdebareobis SerCeva;

• � proeqtis realizaciis SesaZleblobis winaswari Seswavla;

• � Sefaseba;

• � dagegmva;

• � mSenebloba;

• � eqspluatacia;

• � demontaJi da teritoriis aRdgena.

yoveli etapi moiTxovs Semdegi sakiTxebis ganxilvas:

• teqnikuri da komerciuli;

• garemoze zemoqmedeba;

• dialogi/konsultaciebi.

saxelmZRvanelos Semdeg TavebSi am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli

Temebia ganxiluli.

EWEA / BWEA----s qaris energiis proeqtis ganxorcielebis sqemas qaris energiis proeqtis ganxorcielebis sqemas qaris energiis proeqtis ganxorcielebis sqemas qaris energiis proeqtis ganxorcielebis sqema

1. sadguris1. sadguris1. sadguris1. sadguris mdebareobis mdebareobis mdebareobis mdebareobis SerCevaSerCevaSerCevaSerCeva

2. 2. 2. 2. proeqtisproeqtisproeqtisproeqtis realizaciis realizaciis realizaciis realizaciis SesaZleblobaSesaZleblobaSesaZleblobaSesaZlebloba

3.3.3.3. SefasebaSefasebaSefasebaSefaseba

4.4.4.4. saproqto saproqto saproqto saproqto ganacxadiganacxadiganacxadiganacxadi

5.5.5.5. mSeneblobamSeneblobamSeneblobamSenebloba

6.6.6.6. eqspluataciaeqspluataciaeqspluataciaeqspluatacia

7.7.7.7. demontaJi da demontaJi da demontaJi da demontaJi da teritoriis teritoriis teritoriis teritoriis aRdgenaaRdgenaaRdgenaaRdgena

qaris resursebis, elqselTan kavSiris, adgilze midgomis, misi SesaZleblobebis da

mflobelobis wilis sakiTxebs Teoriuli Seswavla

adgilze dakvirveba: qaris resursebis, mimdebare miwis

gamoyenebis, adgilTan midgomis, miwis mdgomareobis,

elqselTan kavSirisa da winaswari dizainis sakiTxebs

winaswari konsultaciebi:

adgilobiriv damproeq-tebel da wamyvan konsultantebTan

garemos sawyisi analizi:

midamos dagegmareba, landSaftis klasifikacia

etapietapietapietapi

teqnikuri da teqnikuri da teqnikuri da teqnikuri da komerciuli komerciuli komerciuli komerciuli mosazrebanimosazrebanimosazrebanimosazrebani

garemosgaremosgaremosgaremos kvlevakvlevakvlevakvleva

dialogi/ dialogi/ dialogi/ dialogi/ konsultaciebikonsultaciebikonsultaciebikonsultaciebi

adgilobriv damproeqtebelTan SeTan-xmeba. garemos gadasaxadi

mesame etapze unda ganisazRvros

sazogadoebrivi konsultaciebis dawyeba.

proetqis gacnoba adgilobrivi sazogado-

ebisa da dainete-resebuli jgufebisaTvis

qaris resursebis Sefasebis gagrZeleba, monitoringis da

ekonomikuri sicocxlisunarianobis sakiTxebis Sefaseba

garemos dacvis kanoniT dadgenili gadasaxadis dadgena (adgilobrivi

damproeqteblis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi)

uwyveti konsultaciebi: adgilobriv

damproeqteblebTan, saxelmwifo kon-

sultantebTan, adgilob-riv sazogadoebasTan da

dainteresebul jgufebTan

saproeqto ganacxadis da garemosTan dakavSirebuli daskvnis wardgena (adgilobrivi damproeqteblis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi)

adgilis marTvis politika

garemos marTvis gegmis

miReba. saproeqto pirobebis da

SeTanxmebebis miReba.

mSeneblebis mier uwyveti informaciis miwodeba:

`sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis jgufis~

CamoyalibebasTan dakavSirebuli mosazrebani

qaris energiis proeqtis garemoze zemoqmedebis uwyveti kontroli. es

uzrunvelyofs informaciis Segrovebas sxva proeqtebisaTvis

programis Sesruleba. informacia proeqtis muSaobis Sesaxeb. kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacema

turbinisa da sxva mowyobilobis demontaJi. teritoriis aRdgena.

nebarTvis miRebis

mexuTe TavimexuTe TavimexuTe TavimexuTe Tavi

qaqaqaqaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis dafinansebaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis dafinansebaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis dafinansebaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis dafinanseba

5.1.5.1.5.1.5.1. Sesavali _ proeqtis ganxorcielebaSesavali _ proeqtis ganxorcielebaSesavali _ proeqtis ganxorcielebaSesavali _ proeqtis ganxorcieleba

sanam SeudgebiT qaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis ganxorcielebas,

aucilebelia teqnikuri analizis Catareba, romelic gansazRvravs turbinis

agebis SesaZlebelobas, masTan dakavSirebul xarjebs da sxv. analizi

sasurvelia Sesruldes konsultantis mier da, proeqtis masStabidan

gamomdinare, SeiZleba gagrZeldes 3-12 Tve. analizis dasrulebisa da qaris

energiis potencialis dadasturebis Semdeg unda daviwyoT (konsultantTan

erTad) proeqtis dafinansebis wyaros garkveva.

5.2. proeqtis Sefaseba5.2. proeqtis Sefaseba5.2. proeqtis Sefaseba5.2. proeqtis Sefaseba

proeqtis Rirebuleba iyofa or nawilad: sawyisi sainvesticio

kapitali da yovelwliuri xarjebi. momdevno TavebSi aseTi xarjebis

magaliTebia moyvanili.

5.2.a.5.2.a.5.2.a.5.2.a. winaswari investireba.winaswari investireba.winaswari investireba.winaswari investireba.

winaswari gamowinaswari gamowinaswari gamowinaswari gamokvlevis xarjebikvlevis xarjebikvlevis xarjebikvlevis xarjebi

es xarjebi moicavs teqnikur analizs da sawyis dagegmvas (dizains).

daproeqtebis nebarTvis miRebis xarjebidaproeqtebis nebarTvis miRebis xarjebidaproeqtebis nebarTvis miRebis xarjebidaproeqtebis nebarTvis miRebis xarjebi

es xarjebi moicavs arqiteqturis departamentisaTvis sruli

ganacxadis wardgenis xarjebs. rac ufro didia moTxovnili miwis farTobi,

miT metia es xarji. aq Sedis agreTve garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisgaremoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisgaremoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebisgaremoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis ((((EIA))))

(romelsac `garemos Sesaxeb daskvnas” ((((ES) uwodeben) Rirebuleba. es xarjebi wardgenili unda iqnes sagegmo ganacxadTan erTad. didi

britaneTis umetes mxareebSi sagegmo ganacxadis misaRebad srul ES-ssss iTxoven. (am xarjebs ZiriTadad eweva SemkveTi, iSviaTad sakonsultacio

firma)

proeqtis marTvis xarjebiproeqtis marTvis xarjebiproeqtis marTvis xarjebiproeqtis marTvis xarjebi

aseT xarjebs ZiriTadad iTvaliswineben farTo masStabiani

proeqtebisaTvis, magram mcire masStabian proeqtSic savaraudoa, rom

mimwodeblis xarjebis nawili proeqtis marTvaze iyos gaweuli.

legaluri gadasaxadilegaluri gadasaxadilegaluri gadasaxadilegaluri gadasaxadi

Tu proeqtis mflobeli kooperativia, maSin legaluri gadasaxadi

moicavs individualur kontraqtebs, wilebis ganawilebas da masTan

dakavSirebul xarjebs.

qaris turbinebis Sesyidvaqaris turbinebis Sesyidvaqaris turbinebis Sesyidvaqaris turbinebis Sesyidva

es moicavs xarjebs mowyobilobis SesaZenad, romelic proeqtis

realizaciisaTvis aris saWiro.

infrastruqturis xarjebiinfrastruqturis xarjebiinfrastruqturis xarjebiinfrastruqturis xarjebi

aq igulisxmeba eleqtruli kabelebis SeZenis da ganlagebis,

saZirkvelebis Casxmis da sxva xarjebi. didi proeqtebisaTvis masSi SeiZleba

Sevides agreTve gzebis mSeneblobis Rirebulebac.

transportirebis, montaJebis da eqspluataciaSi gaSvebis xarjebitransportirebis, montaJebis da eqspluataciaSi gaSvebis xarjebitransportirebis, montaJebis da eqspluataciaSi gaSvebis xarjebitransportirebis, montaJebis da eqspluataciaSi gaSvebis xarjebi

Cveulebriv, sxva xarjebTan erTad, mimwodebeli SemkveTs axdevinebs

transportirebis xarjebs. mowyobilobis montaJisa da eqspluataciaSi

gaSvebis xarjebic SeiZleba aqve Sevides, magram es moiTxovs mimwodebelTan

SeTanxmebas. Tu turbinis Semotana sxva qveynidan xdeba, saimporto baJis

gadasaxadic aq iqneba gaTvaliswinebuli.

sxva damatebiTi garantiebis xarjebisxva damatebiTi garantiebis xarjebisxva damatebiTi garantiebis xarjebisxva damatebiTi garantiebis xarjebi

es moicavs SesaZlo garantiebs turbinis/ebis calkeul nawilebze.

dafinansebis da kapitaliT uzrunvelyofis gadasaxadidafinansebis da kapitaliT uzrunvelyofis gadasaxadidafinansebis da kapitaliT uzrunvelyofis gadasaxadidafinansebis da kapitaliT uzrunvelyofis gadasaxadi

Tu turbinis Sesyidva dafinansebulia sabanko kreditiT, maSin bankis

mxridan adgili eqneba sxvadasxva saxis dabegvras (momsaxurebis gadasaxadi,

procenti da a.S.)

lokalur eleqtrul manawilebel lokalur eleqtrul manawilebel lokalur eleqtrul manawilebel lokalur eleqtrul manawilebel sistemaSi CarTvis xarjebisistemaSi CarTvis xarjebisistemaSi CarTvis xarjebisistemaSi CarTvis xarjebi

am tipis xarji damaxasiaTebelia mxolod qaris farTo masStabiani

proeqtebisaTvis, romlebic adgilobriv eleqtrul qselSi CarTvas

gulisxmoben. igi moicavs transformatoris SeZenis, damatebiTi sakabelo

gayvanilobis da sxv. xarjebs.

5.2.5.2.5.2.5.2.b. b. b. b. wliuri xarjebiwliuri xarjebiwliuri xarjebiwliuri xarjebi

dazRvevaze gaweuli xarjebidazRvevaze gaweuli xarjebidazRvevaze gaweuli xarjebidazRvevaze gaweuli xarjebi

mimwodebels unda SeeZlos qaris turbinis myidvelis dazRveva. es

Zalzed mniSvnelovania. magaliTad, Tu sagarantio periodis gavlis Semdeg

turbinas gauCnda teqnikuri an proeqtiT gauTvaliswinebeli problema an

Tu igi dazianda, magaliTad, elvisgan, maSin mflobelma ar unda gawios

remontis xarji. evropis rig qveynebSi turbinebis dazRvevas specialuri

brokerebi axorcieleben.

miwis rentis gadasaxadimiwis rentis gadasaxadimiwis rentis gadasaxadimiwis rentis gadasaxadi

Tu qaris turbina moTavsebulia teritoriaze, romelic mis mflobels

ar ekuTvnis, maSin saWiro iqneba miwis mflobelTan saijaro

xelSekrulebis gaformeba.

eqspluataciis da movlis xarjebieqspluataciis da movlis xarjebieqspluataciis da movlis xarjebieqspluataciis da movlis xarjebi

turbinis komponentebs esaWiroeba teqnikuri momsaxureba. misi

zogierTi nawili xSir Secvlas saWiroebs. momsaxurebis sixSire SeiZleba

damokidebuli iyos komponentis sirTuleze, magram umetesad es xdeba

weliwadSi erTxel an orjer. es xarji SeiZleba mniSvnelovani iyos.

sesxis momsaxurebis xarjebisesxis momsaxurebis xarjebisesxis momsaxurebis xarjebisesxis momsaxurebis xarjebi

Tu proeqtis realizaciisaTvis sesxia aRebuli (magaliTad, bankidan),

maSin sasesxo xelSekrulebis safuZvelze misi ukan dabruneba iqneba

aucilebeli.

sxva xarjebisxva xarjebisxva xarjebisxva xarjebi

Tu eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebuli qaris eleqtrosadguri didi

simZlavrisaa, maSin SeiZleba saWiro iyos damatebiTi xarjebi, magaliTad,

uqaro amindebis Semdeg turbinis gaSvebisaTvis saWiro eleqtroenergiis

SesaZenad. ganmxoloebuli sistemis SemTxvevebSi es xarjebi moicavs

sawvavis da akumulatorebis Secvlis xarjebs.

sxva saxis xarjebi, romlebic aseve winaswari analizis dros unda

gaviTvaliswinoT, turbinebis demontaJisa da teritoriis pirvandeli saxis

dabrunebisTvisaa saWiro.

5.3.5.3.5.3.5.3. qaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dafinansebaqaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dafinansebaqaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dafinansebaqaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dafinanseba

proeqtis moculobidan gamomdinare, qaris turbinebis dafinanseba

SeuZliaT kerZo pirebs da calkeul sazogadoebebs. Tu ar arsebobs

investiciisaTvis saWiro saxsrebi, maSin proeqti unda ganxorcieldes

sabanko kreditiT.

5.3.a. 5.3.a. 5.3.a. 5.3.a. bankisTvis warsadgen tipur informaciaSi mocemuli unda iyos: bankisTvis warsadgen tipur informaciaSi mocemuli unda iyos: bankisTvis warsadgen tipur informaciaSi mocemuli unda iyos: bankisTvis warsadgen tipur informaciaSi mocemuli unda iyos:

1. proeqtis aRwera, obieqtis mdebareoba, sagegmo moTxovnebi, sxva

nebarTvebi da adgilobrivTa reaqcia;

2. saWiro saxsrebis raodenoba;

3. moTxovnili kreditis xangrZlivoba;

4. dabandebuli fulis amoRebis dro;

5. proeqtis mTliani Rirebuleba;

6. avtonomuri sistemis SemTxvevaSi, ra raodenobis Tanxa daizogeba

qselTan mierTebasTan SedarebiT;

7. valis dabrunebis garantia, anu kreditis dabrunebisTvis saWiro Tanxis

miRebis realuroba;

8. Tu danadgari didi masStabisaa da amasTan komerciuli, mogeba iqneba

mniSvnelovani;

9. qaris turbinebis eqspluataciis wliuri xarji da maTi dafarvis

wyaroebi;

10. naRdi fulis nakadis prognozi, mogebisa da zaralis gaangariSebasTan

da balansTan erTad.

proeqtis Sefasebis etapze pirma saerTo kapitaluri danaxarjebis 18

procenti unda gadaixados. Tu naRdi fulis moZraobis gaangariSeba sworad

ganxorcielda, aman SeiZleba mniSvnelovani mogeba moutanos qaris

eleqtrosadgurs.

mmmmeeqvse Tavieeqvse Tavieeqvse Tavieeqvse Tavi

daproeqtebadaproeqtebadaproeqtebadaproeqteba 6.1. 6.1. 6.1. 6.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali qaris energiis gamoyenebis proeqtis realizaciis pirveli etapia

obieqtis mdebareobis SerCeva. jer unda SeirCes is midamo, sadac qaris

maRali resursia, xolo Semdeg masSi obieqtis moTavsebis adgili. rogorc

wesi, Sesaferisi adgilis SerCeva rukebisa da qaris siCqaris kompiuteruli

modelis erToblivi gamoyenebiT xorcieldeba. pirveladi dagegmva da

garemos Sesaxeb mosazrebebis Camoyalibebac am etapze xorcieldeba.

6.2. 6.2. 6.2. 6.2. saproeqto nebarTvis miRebasaproeqto nebarTvis miRebasaproeqto nebarTvis miRebasaproeqto nebarTvis miReba

qaris turbinis agebis Sesaxeb saproeqto ganacxadis warmateba xSirad

mTel rig mosazrebebzea damokidebuli. Tqven unda daukavSirdeT

adgilobriv warmomadgenels imisaTvis, rom ganisazRvros am mosazrebebis

Sinaarsi. damproeqtebels SeiZleba dasWirdes teritoriis Sefaseba. am

dros specialistma unda gaiTvaliswinos turbinebis simaRle da raodenoba

(turbina an qareleqtruli bloki). saproeqto nebarTvis miRebamde Tqven

unda daadasturoT, rom am teritoriaze qaris sakmaod maRali resursia,

maRali saSualo wliuri siCqariT. es ki uzrunvelyofs energiis didi

raodenobiT gamomuSavebas da, Sesabamisad, investirebuli kapitalis swraf

amoRebas.

6.3. 6.3. 6.3. 6.3. adgilmdebareobis SerCevaadgilmdebareobis SerCevaadgilmdebareobis SerCevaadgilmdebareobis SerCeva

obieqtis ganlagebis adgilis SerCevisas gasaTvaliswinebelia

adgilobriv manawilebel eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebis teqnikuri da

komerciuli SesaZlebobani. adgili iseTi unda iyos, rom SeiZlebodes

turbinebis saWiro raodenobisa da proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva

mowyobilobebis masze ganlageba.

gasaTvaliswinebelia agreTve SerCeul adgilTan midgomisaTvis

saWiro samuSaoebis Catarebis xarjebi. qaris didi eleqtrosadgurisaTvis

mniSvnelovania saavtomobilo gzis arseboba. gasaTvaliswinebelia

adgilobrivi pirobebi, topografia da niadagis maxasiaTeblebi.

daproeqtebisas turbinis ganlagebis adgili Zalzed saguldagulod unda

SeirCes, raTa minimumamde iqnas dayvanili dagrigalebis efeqti. qaris

turbinebi winaRobebisgan Sors unda iyos moTavsebuli, raTa Tavidan iqnas

acilebili qaris gadanacvlebis efeqti da, Sesabamisad, qaris arasasurveli

turbulenturoba.

qaris turbinis saZirkveli niadagis maxasiaTeblebis gaTvaliswinebiT

unda daproeqtdes. niadagma unda gauZlos masze moTavsebuli yvela

manqanis wonas.

6.4.6.4.6.4.6.4. mosazrebebi garemos Sesaxebmosazrebebi garemos Sesaxebmosazrebebi garemos Sesaxebmosazrebebi garemos Sesaxeb

saproeqto ganacxadis warmateba SeiZleba damokidebuli iyos rogorc

proeqtis xasiaTze, masStabsa da obieqtis ganlagebis adgilze, aseve

garemos dacvis sakiTxebSi pasuxismgebeli specialistis daskvnaze. did

britaneTSi garemoze zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb kvleva xorcieldeba TiTqmis

yvela qaris turbinisaTvis.

qvemoT moyvanilia is pirobebi, romelsac mxedvelobaSi miiRebs am

dargis pasuxismgebeli specialisti nebarTvis gacemamde.

���� miTiTebebimiTiTebebimiTiTebebimiTiTebebi

mocemuli midamo ganisazRvreba, rogorc gansakuTrebuli

mniSvnelobis adgili. es SeiZleba gamowveuli iyos mimzidveli xedis,

iSviaTi florisa da faunis arsebobiT. mas SeiZleba saerTaSoriso,

regionaluri, an adgilobrivi mniSvnelobac hqondes, magaliTad, iyos

daculi teritoria. yvelaferi es maRali donis kontrolis sagania.

arsebuli miTiTebebis xasiaTis miuxedavad, mainc SeiZleba qaris energiis

gamoyenebis proeqtis ganxorcieleba, magram es sakiTxebi saguldagulod

unda iyos SeTanxmebuli.

????????????????���� vizualuri da landSaftze gavlenavizualuri da landSaftze gavlenavizualuri da landSaftze gavlenavizualuri da landSaftze gavlena

vizualuri Sefasebis nawilad gamoiyeneba vizualuri zegavlenis

zonebis rukebi. es gansazRvravs im wertilebs, saidanac nageboba mocemuli

rakursiT iqneba danaxuli, rac, Tavis mxriv, SeTanxmebuli unda iyos

damproeqtebelTan. Sefasebuli unda iyos agreTve qaris turbinis da

gadamcemi xazebis vizualuri zegavlenac.

���� arqeologia da adgilis istoriaarqeologia da adgilis istoriaarqeologia da adgilis istoriaarqeologia da adgilis istoria

qaris turbinis moTavsebis adgilis, misi marTvisaTvis gankuTvnili

Senobebis da misasvleli gzebis ganlageba ise unda SeirCes, rom

maqsimalurad Semcirdes arqeologiuri da istoriuli mniSvnelobis

midamoze gavlena.

���� ekologiaekologiaekologiaekologia

arsebobs imis safrTxe, rom mSeneblobis dros susti ekosistemebi

daziandes. informacia ekologiur mdgomareobaze, florisa da faunis

daculi saxeobebis da nakrZalebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba miRebuli iqnas

adgilobrivi specialistisgan da nakrZalis saagentoebidan.

Citebis saarsebo garemoze gavlena SeiZleba qaris turbinis muSaobam

moaxdinos. Tumca, did britaneTSi sxvadasxva adgilze Catarebulma

gamokvlevebma gviCvena, rom Citebis sicocxleze qaris turbinebis gavlena

mcirea. garemos gamoyenebis aspeqtebi mxedvelobaSi daproeqtebis stadiaze

miiReba. damatebiTi informaciisaTvis ixileT `Citebi da qaris turbinebi:

maT SeuZliaT Tanaarseboba~

���� hidrologiahidrologiahidrologiahidrologia

aucilebelia mdinareebis kalapotebsa da nakadebze proeqtis gavlenis

Sefaseba. es aixsneba imiT, rom misasvleli gzebis mSeneblobam da drenaJma

SeiZleba gavlena moaxdinos mdinaris kalapotze – Secvalos misi

raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebi.

���� xmaurixmaurixmaurixmauri

did britaneTSi aucilebelia moxdes qaris eleqtrosadgurSi

warmoqmnili xmauris prognozi, rac Semdgom adgilobrivi garemos dacvis

specialistTan unda SeTanxmdes.

qaris turbinis muSaoba warmoqmnis ori saxis xmaurs: frTebis

brunviT gamowveuli stveniseburi xma da mowyobilobis brunviT miRebuli

xmauri. xmauris done gansazRvravs qaris turbinidan sacxovrebel saxlamde

minimalur manZils.

���� xarvezebi telekomunikaciur sistemebSixarvezebi telekomunikaciur sistemebSixarvezebi telekomunikaciur sistemebSixarvezebi telekomunikaciur sistemebSi

qaris turbinebis muSaobam SeiZleba Seqmnas dabrkolebebi

satelevizio da mikrotalRuri gadacemebis miRebisas. mikrotalRur

kavSirTan dakavSirebiT dabrkolebebi SeiZleba aviciloT qaris turbinis

da mimRebis urTierTganlagebis SecvliT. satelevizio gadacemebis

miRebasTan dakavSirebuli problema SeiZleba mogvardes adgilze,

magaliTad, seriuli gardamqmnelis an regulirebadi maZlierebeli

gadamrTvelis gamoyenebiT.

���� frenis frenis frenis frenis usafrTxoebausafrTxoebausafrTxoebausafrTxoeba

qaris turbinebma SeiZleba safrTxe Seuqmnas TviTmfrinavebis dabal

simaRleze frenas, magram es problema Zalze iSviaTad gvxdeba praqtikaSi.

���� usafrTxoebis SefasebausafrTxoebis SefasebausafrTxoebis SefasebausafrTxoebis Sefaseba

sworad daproeqtebuli da momuSave qaris turbinebi, rogorc wesi,

usafrTxoa, magram mainc saWiroa konsultacia jandacvisa da usafrToebis

samsaxurebTan, raTa mosaxleobisa da momsaxure personalis dasacavad

gatarebuli iqnas Sesabamisi zomebi. usafrTxoebis aspeqtebi meaTe TavSia

ganxiluli.

���� transportistransportistransportistransportis marTva da mSeneblobamarTva da mSeneblobamarTva da mSeneblobamarTva da mSenebloba

adgilobriv mcxovreblebze gavlenis moxdena SeuZlia dabali

siCqariT moZrav transports, romelic qaris turbinebis nawilebis

gadatanas axdens, magram es Cveulebriv xdeba drois mokle monakveTSi -

qaris eleqtrosadguris mSeneblobis dros.

���� eleqtruli kavSiri energosistemeleqtruli kavSiri energosistemeleqtruli kavSiri energosistemeleqtruli kavSiri energosistemasTanasTanasTanasTan

winamdebare saxelmZRvaneloSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia ganyenebul

energosistemebze, magram rodesac saWiroa energosistemebTan kavSiris

damyareba, aucilebelia adgilobrivi eleqtromomaragebis sabWosTan

dakavSireba. Tu regionaluri energetikuli kompania gadawyvets SeiZinos

eleqtroenergia, maSin aucilebeli xdeba xazis eleqtrul qselTan an

qvesadgurTan dakavSireba. did britaneTSi es xazi Cveulebriv komunaluri

momsaxurebis sferos miekuTvneba. aseTi kavSiri, Cveulebriv, daproeqtebis

ganacxadsa da garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebas moiTxovs.

kavSiri SeiZleba sahaero an miwisqveSa kabelebiT ganxorcieldes.

sahaero xazma SeiZleba xedis damaxinjeba gamoiwvos, amitom praqtikaSi

ufro xSirad miwisqveSa xazebi gamoiyeneba.

���� atmosferoSi mavne airebis gamofrqvevaatmosferoSi mavne airebis gamofrqvevaatmosferoSi mavne airebis gamofrqvevaatmosferoSi mavne airebis gamofrqveva

miuxedavad imisa, rom qardanadgarebi ar axdenen mavne airebis

pirdapir emisias atmosferoSi, arapirdapiri gamoyofa mainc xdeba

teritoriis mowyobis, energiis warmoebis, masalebisa da mowyobilobis

transportirebis Sedegad. es ar aris mTavari problema, radgan rac ufro

meti energia miiReba ganaxlebadi wyaroebidan, miT naklebia wiaRiseuli

sawvavis gamoyeneba da Sesabamisad mavne airebiT atmosferos dabinZureba.

���� gavlenagavlenagavlenagavlena turizmisa da dasvenebis industriis ganviTarebaze turizmisa da dasvenebis industriis ganviTarebaze turizmisa da dasvenebis industriis ganviTarebaze turizmisa da dasvenebis industriis ganviTarebaze

qaris turbinebma SeiZleba mniSvnelovani gavlena moaxdinos

dasasvenebeli adgilebis keTilmowyobaze. mcire simZlavris qardanadgari

am TvalsazrisiT Cveulebriv ar qmnis problemas, mZlavrma danadgarma ki -

SeiZleba Seqmnas. meore mxriv, qaris turbinebi SeiZleba mimzidveli iyos

turistebisTvis, rogorc RirSesaniSnaoba.

saWiroa ganisazRvros qardanadgarTan axlos turistebis da

damsveneblebis gadaadgilebis marSrutebi da wesebi.

���� socialursocialursocialursocialur----ekonomikuri Sedegebiekonomikuri Sedegebiekonomikuri Sedegebiekonomikuri Sedegebi

qvemoT ganxilulia is mimarTulebebi, romlebzec qardanadgars

pirdapiri ekonomikuri gavlenis moxdena SeuZlia:

moklevadian periodSimoklevadian periodSimoklevadian periodSimoklevadian periodSi

- warmoeba: qaris turbinebiT da komponentebiT uzrunvelyofa;

- mSenebloba: infrastruqturis ganviTareba;

- sxva mimarTulebebi: adgilobriv ekonomikaSi wvlilis Setana,

magaliTad, momsaxure personalis sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofa.

grZelvadian periodSigrZelvadian periodSigrZelvadian periodSigrZelvadian periodSi

- saeqspluatacio da saremonto samuSaoebi (umniSvneloa mcire

simZlavris ganyenebuli energosistemis pirobebSi);

- yovelwliuri Semosavali;

- miwis rentis Semosavali;

- adgilobrivi gadasaxadebi;

- dazRveva (mflobelis dazRveva gauTvaliswinebeli garemoebebisagan).

���� eqspluataciidan gamoyvanaeqspluataciidan gamoyvanaeqspluataciidan gamoyvanaeqspluataciidan gamoyvana

eqspluataciis dawyebidan 20 wlis Semdeg, rodesac moxdeba qaris

turbinebis sruli amortizeba, isini SeiZleba moixsnas da gamoyenebuli

iqnas jarTad. danadgaris eqspluataciidan gamoyvana da demontaJi proeqtis

Semadgeneli nawilia. ise rom, qardanadgaris mowyobilobis demontaJi,

saZirkvlis amovseba da gzebis xelaxali ganaSenianeba Tavidanve

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos.

meSvide TavimeSvide TavimeSvide TavimeSvide Tavi

sazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgarissazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgarissazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgarissazogadoebis damokidebuleba qardanadgaris

mSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmimSeneblobisadmi

7.1. 7.1. 7.1. 7.1. SesavaliSesavaliSesavaliSesavali

qaris energiis gamoyenebis mxardaWera da e.w. `mwvane~ eleqtroenergiis

moxmarebis stimulirebis sazogadoebrivi aRiareba gadamwyveti momentia.

sazogadoeba zogadad aRiarebs, rom energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroebis

gamoyeneba prioritetulia. adamianebisTvis amindis globaluri cvlileba

wiaRiseuli sawvavis Warb gamoyenebasTan asocirdeba, romelic Tavis mxriv

globalur daTbobas ukavSirdeba. maT ician, rom unda gatardes

RonisZiebebi aRniSnuli problemis gadasaWrelad, romelic sul ufro

mZafrdeba, magram es ganaxlebadi energiis wyaroebis gamoyenebis specialur

sazogadoebriv mxardaWeraSi ar aisaxeba.

7.2.7.2.7.2.7.2. sazogadoebis CarTvasazogadoebis CarTvasazogadoebis CarTvasazogadoebis CarTva

rekomendaciebi sazogadoebrivi mxardaWeris ganmtkicebisaTvis:

• � proeqtis realizaciis procesSi unda Catardes konsultaciebi

sazogadoebis farTo masebisaTvis;

• � mSeneblobis Semdeg uzrunvelyofili unda iqnes adgilobrivi

sazogadoebis organizaciuli miReba turistuli, sazogadoebrivi

da saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebebis gatarebiT;

• � informacia proeqtis Sesaxeb xelmisawvdomi unda iyos umaRlesi,

saSualo da dawyebiTi ganaTlebis saswavlo dawesebulebebisTvis;

• � informacia qaris energiis rolisa da sargeblianobis Sesaxeb

xelmisawvdomi unda iyos sazogadoebisaTvis. evropis komisiis

rekomendaciiT Zalze mniSvnelovania gatardes mTeli rigi

RonisZiebebi ganaxlebad energetikaSi sazogadoebis mier wvlilis

Setanis mizniT. Tu sazogadoeba am miznebis miRwevas gaiTavisebs,

maSin igi ganaxlebad energetikasTan dakavSirebul nebismier

mSeneblobas mxars dauWers.

evropis komisia xazs usvams sazogadoebisaTvis ganaxlebadi energiis

wyaroebis gamoyenebis keTili miznebis gansazRvris mniSvnelobas. Tu

sazogadoeba dainaxavs, rom aucilebelia am miznebis miRweva, maSin isini

aqtiurad dauWeren mxars aseTi proeqtebis ganxorcielebas.

7.3.7.3.7.3.7.3. sazogadoebis mier qaris energiis gamoyenebiT sazogadoebis mier qaris energiis gamoyenebiT sazogadoebis mier qaris energiis gamoyenebiT sazogadoebis mier qaris energiis gamoyenebiT

miRebuli sargebelimiRebuli sargebelimiRebuli sargebelimiRebuli sargebeli

arsebobs lokaluri da globaluri xasiaTis sargebeli, romelsac

sazogadoeba qaris turbinebis gamoyenebiT iRebs, iqneba es avtonomiuri

turbina, Tu farTo masStabis qareleqtruli bloki.

• qvemoT moyvanilia sargeblis ramdenime saxe:

• eleqtrul qselTan daukavSireblad eleqtroenergiis miRebis

SesaZlebloba;

• efeqturad damontaJebuli generatoris kavSiri lokalur

eleqtrul qselTan ufro momgebiania, vidre gadamcemi sistema,

romelic ufro meti danakargiT xasiaTdeba;

• mavne airebis gamoyofis raodenobis Semcireba;

• qaris energiis gamoyenebis demonstraciis SesaZlebloba

sazogadoebis calkeuli jgufebisaTvis, magaliTad skolebisa

da kolejebisaTvis;

• fuladi mogebis miRebis SesaZlebloba, qaris eleqtrosadguris

ganyenebuli sistemis gamoyenebis dros.

7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 qaris eleqtrosadguris mflobeloba qaris eleqtrosadguris mflobeloba qaris eleqtrosadguris mflobeloba qaris eleqtrosadguris mflobeloba

fineTSi kerZo seqtoris iniciativa da am sferoSi saqmianoba qaris

eleqtrosadgurebis (qareleqtruli blokebis) mSeneblobis mamoZravebeli

Zala gaxda. blokebis daaxloebiT 70% kerZo mflobelobaSia. maT rogorc

individualuri sawarmoebi, ise kooperativebi floben. daniaSi kerZo

sadgurebis 60%-ze meti saaqcio sazogadoebebis saxiTaa warmodgenili.

rodesac am qveyanaSi daiwyo qaris eleqtrosadgurebis mSenebloba,

kooperativSi 5-50 ojaxi Sedioda, romlebic qaris sadgurs agebdnen.

turbinebis raodenoba eleqtrosadgurebSi TandaTan izrdeboda da

Sesabamisad kooperativebic Zlierdeboda. rig SemTxvevebSi qaris Zravebis

raodenoba 30 - s aRwevs.

qareleqtruli blokebis flobis sxva saxeebia:

mcmcmcmcire jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaire jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaire jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaire jgufis mier proeqtis marTva

mcire jgufis magaliTia miwaTmflobelis, fermeris da mcire

biznesis warmomadgenlis gaerTianeba. maT ZiriTad mizans komerciuli

saqmianoba – energiis warmoeba da gayidva warmoadgens.

mSeneblebis mier proeqtis marTvamSeneblebis mier proeqtis marTvamSeneblebis mier proeqtis marTvamSeneblebis mier proeqtis marTva

mSenebels SeuZlia qareleqtruli bloki Tavad aagos da

eqspluataciaSi gaSvebis stadiaze, igi romelime jgufs miyidos. mSenebelma

proeqtis marTvidan da mowyobilobebis muSaobidan mogeba SeiZleba

obieqtis gayidvis Semdegac miiRos.

axali jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaaxali jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaaxali jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaaxali jgufis mier proeqtis marTva

aseTi jgufi specialurad qareleqtruli blokis mSeneblobis

marTvisTvis iqmneba. maT proeqtis marTvisaTvis SeiZleba mSenebelic

daiqiraon.

arsebuli jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaarsebuli jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaarsebuli jgufis mier proeqtis marTvaarsebuli jgufis mier proeqtis marTva

es arsebuli jgufis mier proeqtis marTvas gulisxmobs. es SeiZleba

saqvelmoqmedo an msgavsi organizacia iyos. xSirad aseTi tipis jgufi

investiciebs sakuTar farglebs gareT ar gascems.

damatebiTi informaciis miReba SesaZlebelia EEEETSUUUU-s mier gamoSvebul

bukletidan: `sazogadoebrivi investiciebi ganaxlebadi energiis proeqtebSi.

saxelmZRvanelo sazogadoebrivi jgufebisaTvis~.

merve Tavimerve Tavimerve Tavimerve Tavi

qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla,qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla,qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla,qardanadgaris droiTi scenari, movla, jandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoeba

8.1.8.1.8.1.8.1. droiTi scenaridroiTi scenaridroiTi scenaridroiTi scenari

drois monakveTi, romelic qaris proeqtis gansaxorcielebladaa

saWiro, dawyebuli daproeqtebiT da damTavrebuli eleqtroenergiis

miRebiT, damokidebulia proeqtis moculobaze da masSi CarTuli jgufebis

muSaobis efeqturobaze, samuSaoebis Sesrulebis swrafmoqmedebis

TvalsazrisiT.

8.1a. 8.1a. 8.1a. 8.1a. praqtikuli magaliTi _ holvelis fermapraqtikuli magaliTi _ holvelis fermapraqtikuli magaliTi _ holvelis fermapraqtikuli magaliTi _ holvelis ferma

meore TavSi ganxiluli holvelis qareleqtruli blokis magaliTis

SemTxvevaSi saproeqto ganacxadi turbinis agebis Sesaxeb 1991 wlis

ianvarSi iqna wardgenili; 20 kvt simZlavris turbinis ageba 1992 wlis

TebervalSi dasrulda. saproeqto ganacxadis ganxilvamde aucilebelia

qaris reJimis gamokvleva, romelic proeqtis moculobaze damokidebulebiT,

SeiZleba samidan Tormet Tvemde gagrZeldes. Cvens magaliTSi saproeqto

nebarTva 1991 wlis dekembramde ar damtkicebula. Tumca sxva SemTxvevaSi

gadawyvetilebis miReba SeiZleba ufro mcire droSi moxdes.

8.1.b. 8.1.b. 8.1.b. 8.1.b. qselSqselSqselSqselSi CarTuli qaris eleqtrosadguris magaliTi _ i CarTuli qaris eleqtrosadguris magaliTi _ i CarTuli qaris eleqtrosadguris magaliTi _ i CarTuli qaris eleqtrosadguris magaliTi _ ABPRODUCE

es magaliTi detalurad me-5 danarTSia ganxiluli. proeqti

iTvaliswinebda eleqtrul qselSi CarTuli 225 kvt simZlavris turbinis

agebas, romlis realizacia 1990 wels daiwyo da 1993 wlis Semodgomaze

damTavrda.

8.2. 8.2. 8.2. 8.2. eqspluataciaeqspluataciaeqspluataciaeqspluatacia

qardanadgaris mSeneblobis dasrulebis Semdeg saWiroa teqnikis

sistematuri movla, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnes qaris turbinebis

maqsimalurad efeqturi funqcionireba.

8.2.a.8.2.a.8.2.a.8.2.a. mcire masStabis avtonomiuri mcire masStabis avtonomiuri mcire masStabis avtonomiuri mcire masStabis avtonomiuri qardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluatacia

1. akumulatorebi kargad unda iyos movlili. magaliTad, nikel-

kadmiumis akumulatorebi periodulad mTlianad unda ganimuxton,

raTa SevinarCunoT maTi sruli energotevadoba;

2. gadatvirTvis gadamwods regularuli zedamxedveloba sWirdeba;

3. saWiroa invertorebis regularuli movla imisaTvis, rom maT gauZlon

miwodebuli Zabvis mkveTr cvlilebas mas Semdeg, rac igi

akumulatoris damuxtva-gamuxtvis cikls Seasrulebs.

8.2.b.8.2.b.8.2.b.8.2.b. farTo masStabis farTo masStabis farTo masStabis farTo masStabis qardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluataciaqardanadgaris eqspluatacia

1. mas Semdeg, rac qaris turbina an qareleqtruli bloki eqspluataciis

stadiaSi gadava, saWiroa regularuli Semowmebebi, raTa davrwmundeT

maT gamarTul muSaobaSi.

2. Tu sawarmo didi simZlavris komerciuli qareleqtruli blokia,

maSin rekomendebulia qaris turbinebis kompiuteruli marTva. am gziT

SesaZlebelia maTi muSaobis distanciuri kontroli.

8.3. 8.3. 8.3. 8.3. jandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoebajandacva da usafrTxoeba

8.3.a8.3.a8.3.a8.3.a turbinebis usafrTxoebis sakiTxebiturbinebis usafrTxoebis sakiTxebiturbinebis usafrTxoebis sakiTxebiturbinebis usafrTxoebis sakiTxebi

qaris turbinebis umravlesobis gamarTuli muSaobisaTvis ori

damoukidebeli samuxruWo sistema aqvT:

1. aerodinamikuri damuxruWeba (magaliTad, rotoris frTebis daxris

kuTxis SecvliT;

2. meqanikuri damuxruWeba (Cveulebriv, rotoris an reduqtoris

lilvze moTavsebuli diskuri muxruWi).

rotori da koSkura imdenad myari unda iyos, rom gauZlos qariSxals,

romelic am adgilebSia mosalodneli. Tu qardanadgari civ klimatur

sartyelSia ganlagebuli, aucilebelia specialuri rotoris gamoyeneba,

romelmac unda gauZlos frTebze yinulis warmoqmnas. qaris turbinebi

aRiWurveba mexamridiT.

8.3.b.8.3.b.8.3.b.8.3.b. momsaxurebis procedurebimomsaxurebis procedurebimomsaxurebis procedurebimomsaxurebis procedurebi

qaris turbinebis gamoyenebisas erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi momentia

eleqtrousafrTxoeba. SedarebiT mcire sididis denmac ki SeiZleba

gamoiwvios janmrTelobis dazianeba an sikvdili. turbinebis movlis da

eqspluataciis Sesaxeb arsebuli literatura qvemoT aris mocemuli.

avtonomiur sistemebSi gansakuTrebuli sifrTxile gvmarTebs tyvia-mJava

akumuliatorebTan. maTi damuxtvisas didia wyalbadis airis gamoyofis da

xanZris gaCenis saSiSroeba. teqnikuri momsaxurebis operaciebis

Casatareblad mniSvnelovania specialuri usafrTxoebis zomebis gatareba.

ufro mniSvnelovania aRniSnuli zomebi gatardes mowyobilobis montaJis

etapze, rac mraval problemas agvacilebs Tavidan.

montaJis dros eleqtrobasTan dakavSirebuli yvela samuSao unda

daemorCilos garkveul wessa da standartebs. magaliTad, Tu turbina

CarTulia eleqtrul qselSi, maSin gansakuTrebuli yuradRebaa saWiro. Tu

igi iwyebs energiis gamomuSavebas, maSin rodesac qseli gamorTulia,

momsaxure personali SeiZleba eleqtrodenis zemoqmedebis safrTxis qveS

aRmoCndes.

umniSvnelovanesia, rom qaris eleqtrosadguris damproeqteblebma

gaiTvaliswinon teqnikur momsaxurebasTan dakavSirebuli ramdenime sakiTxi:

1. kabinaSi mbrunavi mowyobilobebis garsacmiT Semosva;

2. rotoris gadayiravebisgan dacva;

3. kabinis SezRudul sivrceSi muSaobis sirTuleebi;

4. avariuli ganaTeba kabinasa da koSkuraze;

5. asasvleli kibeebi da koSkuraze dasasvenebeli adgilebis mowyoba;

6. eleqtrogayvanilobis usafrTxoebis zomebi;

7. specifikuri xasiaTis saSiSroeba individualuri samuSaobis

Sesrulebisas da komunikaciis meTodebi.

nebismieri piri, romelic qaris eleqtrosadgurSi ZiriTad an

teqnikuri momsaxurebis operaciebs asrulebs, Sesabamisad momzadebuli

unda iyos. swavleba unda moicavdes saavario procedurebis, usafrTxoebis,

mowyobilobaTa Semowmebis, eleqtromomaragebis gamorTvis da dazianebuli

raime mowyobilobis remontamde Senaxvis wesebs. did britaneTSi, aRniSnuli

momzadebis garda im sawarmoebisaTvis, romlebSic muSaobs xuTi an ufro

meti kaci, aucilebelia riskis Sefasebis werilobiTi momzadeba, romelic

unda moicavdes qaris turbinis funqcionirebas da Seesabamebodes

jandacvis da usafrTxoebis instruqciebs (qaris energia: saxelmZRvanelo

fermebisa da sasoflo-sameurneo sawarmoebisaTvis, 1998w.).

8.3.g.8.3.g.8.3.g.8.3.g. publikaciebipublikaciebipublikaciebipublikaciebi

did britaneTSi arsebobs britanuli standartebis ori gamocema,

romelic usafrTxoebis sakiTxebs exeba. esenia:

1. eleqtroenergiis generacia qaris turbinebis gamoyenebiT. nawili 1

– usafrTxoebis moTxovnebi (DD ENV 61400 – 1, 1995w.);

2. eleqtroenergiis generacia qaris turbinebis gamoyenebiT. nawili 2

– mcire qaris turbinebis usafrTxoeba (BC ENV 61400 – 2; 1996w.).

arsebobs agreTve analogiuri daniSnulebis saerTaSoriso

eleqtroteqnikuri komisiis standartebi (IEC 1400 – 1: 1994w. AND IEC 1400 –

2: 1996w.).

qaris turbinebTan dakavSirebiT did britaneTSi moqmedebs agreTve

Semdegi mniSvnelovani standartebi:

1. muSaobis procesSi eleqtroenergiis gamoyenebis instruqciebi,

1989w.

2. jandacva da usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa muSaobis procesSi, 1974w.

3. 3. mowyobilobis gamoyenebis da usafrTxoebis zomebis gatarebis

instruqciebi, 1992 w.

mecxre Tavi mecxre Tavi mecxre Tavi mecxre Tavi

kiTxvebi kiTxvebi kiTxvebi kiTxvebi

ra eRireba qaris eleqtrosadguri? ra eRireba qaris eleqtrosadguri? ra eRireba qaris eleqtrosadguri? ra eRireba qaris eleqtrosadguri?

es aris kiTxva, romelic yvelaze xSirad ismis. pasuxi damokidebulia iseT

faqtorebze, rogoricaa proeqtis moculoba, sadguris mdebareoba,

infrastruqturis ganviTareba da a.S. damatebiTi informaciis misaRebad

ixileT mexuTe Tavi _ proeqtis ganxorcieleba da finansebi.

rogor SeiZlebarogor SeiZlebarogor SeiZlebarogor SeiZleba imis garkveva, Tu vin aris mowyobilobebis imis garkveva, Tu vin aris mowyobilobebis imis garkveva, Tu vin aris mowyobilobebis imis garkveva, Tu vin aris mowyobilobebis

registrirebuli mimwodebeli?registrirebuli mimwodebeli?registrirebuli mimwodebeli?registrirebuli mimwodebeli?

qaris energiis industriaSi qaris energiis evropis asociacia ((((EWEA))))

komerciuli organizaciis saxiT gvevlineba. sakontaqto informacia me-6

danarTSia mocemuli. qaris energiis britaneTis asqaris energiis britaneTis asqaris energiis britaneTis asqaris energiis britaneTis asociaciaociaciaociaciaociacia ((((BWEA)))) aseve

komerciuli organizaciaa da dainteresebul pirs SeuZlia miawodos

qardanadgaris mowyobilobis registrirebuli mimwodeblebis nusxa.

ra zomis turbinaa saWiro?ra zomis turbinaa saWiro?ra zomis turbinaa saWiro?ra zomis turbinaa saWiro?

es damokidebulia imaze, Tu ra energiaa saWiro Tqveni moTxovnilebis

dasakmayofileblad. Tu Tqven daukavSirdebiT mimwodeblebs, gaarkvevT ra

simZlavris turbina gWirdebaT.

aris Zlieri qari CvenTvis saintereso adgilze?aris Zlieri qari CvenTvis saintereso adgilze?aris Zlieri qari CvenTvis saintereso adgilze?aris Zlieri qari CvenTvis saintereso adgilze?

imisTvis rom miiRoT pasuxi am kiTxvaze unda daukavSirdiT BWEA-s an

adgilobriv meteorologiur centrs. maT aqvT informacia TqvenTvis

saintereso teritoriaze qaris parametrebis Sesaxeb.

winaswar unda ganisazRvros qaris saSualo wliuri siCqare im

adgilisTvis, sadac qaris eleqtrosadguri unda aSendes. es saWiroa

sadguris mwarmoeblurobis gansazRvrisaTvis. monacemebis Segrovebis

miuxedavad, aucilebelia mocemul teritoriaze qaris siCqaris gazomva,

rasac Cveulebriv qardanadgaris mowyobilobis mimwodeblebi axdenen.

daskvnadaskvnadaskvnadaskvna

winamdebare saxelmZRvaneloSi araprofesionalTaTvis Tanamimdevruladaa

gadmocemuli mosazrebebi qaris energiis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb. igi ZiriTadad

ganyenebul qaris eleqtrosadgurebzea orientirebuli, magram qselTan

dakavSirebul sistemebsac ganixilavs. amrigad, mkiTxvels SeuZlia

gaiRrmavos codna qaris turbinebis sxvadasxva sistemebis gamoyenebis

Sesaxeb.

saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemulia informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SeiZleba

iqnas gamoyenebuli qaris energia, mocemulia praqtikuli magaliTebi

sxvadasxva tipis sistemebis Sesaxeb, romelic moicavs xarjebs, sawarmos

Sefasebis detalebs, daproeqtebas, mflobelis tipebs da sxv.

saxelmZRvanel;Si SegviZlia gavecnoT qaris energiis evropuli asociaciis

miTiTebebs, rekomendaciebsa da samSeneblo sqemas. es miTiTebebi mWidrod

ukavSirdeba mocemul saxelmZRvaneloSi arsebul informacias. marTalia

samSeneblo sqema sakmaod detaluria, gamoyenebac advilia, magram misi

zusti dacva yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi aucilebeli araa. yoveli

qardanadgari sakmaod gansxvavebulia da zogierTi samSeneblo sakiTxi erTi

proeqtisTvis SeiZleba ufro mniSvnelovani iyos, vidre meoresaTvis.

Camoyalibebuli rekomendaciebi ufro zogad saxelmZRvanelod unda

gamoviyenoT, raTa qaris eleqtrosadgurebis mSeneblobis problematikaSi

gaverkveT.

saxelmZRvanelom gviCvena, rom yvelgan, sadac maRalia qaris resursi (ix.

pirveli Tavi), SesaZlebelia qardanadgaris gamoyeneba sxvadasxva formiT.

qaris turbinis gamoyeneba fizikuri pirisaTvis, mcire da saSualo

sawarmoebisaTvis, rogoricaa, magaliTad, ferma, mravalmxriv SeiZleba.

qaris turbinis gamoyenebiT eleqtroenergiaze xarjebis Semcireba Zalze

mniSvnelovani momentia.

savaraudoa, rom energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroebis, maT Soris qaris energiis,

gamoyeneba momavalSi sul ufro popularuli gaxdes, radganac sazogadoeba

rwmundeba, rom energiis tradiciuli wyaroebis ganaxlebadi wyaroebiT

TandaTanobiTi Secvla mis interesebSia.

gamoyenebuli literatura:gamoyenebuli literatura:gamoyenebuli literatura:gamoyenebuli literatura:

1. Renewable Energy Advisory Group: Report to the President of the Board of Trade

Energy Paper 60 (HMSO, London, 1992)

2. Troen & Petersen (1989) European Wind Atlas Roskilde, Denmark; RISШ National

Laboratory

3. ETSU, ITE, BWEA and Alterner (1996) Birds & Wind Turbinis: Can they Co-Exist?

Seminar Proceedings

4. Kirk McClure Morton, National Wind Power, Brady Shipman Martin, Harland & Wolff

SHI and Queens University Belfast. (1999) Assessment of Offshore Wind Energy

Resources in the Repubic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Produced by the DETI

and DPE under INTERREG II.

5. Associated Energy & Environment Offices, The Danish Organisation for Renewable

Energy (1993) The Sustainable Energy Handbook: for NGO’s and local groups.

Denmark – ISBN 87-87660-72-5

6. ETSU for the DTI Community Involvement in Renewable Energy Projects: A guide

for community groups

7. The Secretariat of the European Wind Energy Association European Best Practice

Guidelines for Wind Energy Development.

8. Centre for Alternative Technology Education A Pupils Guide to Windpower (1997)

CAT Educational Publications: Newtown

danarTi 1danarTi 1danarTi 1danarTi 1

ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganmartebiTi leqsikoni

avtonomiuri turbina _ avtonomiuri turbina _ avtonomiuri turbina _ avtonomiuri turbina _ ganyenebuli sistema, romelic sxva generatoris

gareSe funqcionirebs;

qaris sawyisi siCqare _ qaris sawyisi siCqare _ qaris sawyisi siCqare _ qaris sawyisi siCqare _ qaris is siCqare, romelzec qaris turbina iwyebs

energiis gamomuSavebas.

eleqtruli deni _ eleqtruli deni _ eleqtruli deni _ eleqtruli deni _ cvaladi deni (Semoklebuli aRniSvna A.C.) dRevandel dRes TiTqmis yvela saxis eleqtrogeneratoridan miiReba. denis

meore saxea mudmivi deni (D.C.), romelic miiReba qaris turbinaSi CaSenebuli naxevradgamtariani gammarTvelis gamoyenebiT. mudmivi

denis kvlav cvlad denad gardaqmna ar aris martivi, magram aseTi

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba invertori, romelic xSirad

avtonomiur sistemebSi akumulatorebidan eleqtroenergiis

misawodeblad gamoiyeneba.

Zabva _ Zabva _ Zabva _ Zabva _ Zabva aris kidev erTi gansxvaveba akumulatoridan miwodebul da

ZiriTad eleqtroenergias Soris. did britaneTSi eleqtroenergiis

miwodeba xdeba cvladi denis 240 volti ZabviT, maSin rodesac

akumulatoridan miwodebuli Zabva SeiZleba iyos mudmivi denis 12

volti. orive SemTxvevaSi Zabvis meryeoba ar unda aRematebodes

15%-s.

deni _ deni _ deni _ deni _ eleqtruli deni aris eleqtronebis nakadi, izomeba amperebSi da

misi sidide Zabvazea damokidebuli. rac ufro maRalia Zabva,

drois mocemul monakveTSi, miT meti energiis miwodeba xdeba.

rodesac didi energiis gadacemaa saWiro, maRali Zabvis gamoyeneba

ufro iafi jdeba.

binZuri qari _ binZuri qari _ binZuri qari _ binZuri qari _ ixile `kvalis zemoqmedeba~.

qselTan kaqselTan kaqselTan kaqselTan kavSiri _ vSiri _ vSiri _ vSiri _ centralur eleqtrul qselTan dakavSirebuli sistema.

gadacemaTa kolofi gadacemaTa kolofi gadacemaTa kolofi gadacemaTa kolofi ____ qaris mZlavri turbinebis umetesoba Seicavs: rotors,

gadacemaTa kolofs da generators, romelic ufro did

siCqareebze muSaobs, vidre rotoris frTebi;

morgvi _ morgvi _ morgvi _ morgvi _ mowyobiloba rotoris frTebis dasamagreblad.

morgvis simaRle morgvis simaRle morgvis simaRle morgvis simaRle _ manZili rotoris centridan dedamiwis zedapiramde;

invertori _invertori _invertori _invertori _ mowyobiloba, romelic akumulatoridan an mudmivi denis sxva

wyarodan miRebul mudmiv dens gardaqmnis cvlad denad. maRali

xarisxis invertorebs SeuZliaT sinusoiduri formis denisa da

Zabvis mocema. SedarebiT martivi invertoridan miRebul dens

SeiZleba ar hqondes wminda sinusoiduri forma da amiT

problemebi Seuqmnas eleqtromowyobilobebis muSaobas.

muxti _ muxti _ muxti _ muxti _ eleqtrobis raodenoba;

anZa (koSkura) _ anZa (koSkura) _ anZa (koSkura) _ anZa (koSkura) _ nageboba, romelic gamoiyeneba qaris turbinis

dasayeneblad (dasamagreblad). xSir SemTxvevaSi igi SeiZleba iyos

martivi milisebri anZa, romelic bagirebiTaa damagrebuli;

????kabina _ ????kabina _ ????kabina _ ????kabina _ qardanadgaris zeda nawilSi moTavsebuli Ria sadgomi kalaTa,

sadac ganlagebulia gadacemaTa kolofi, akumulatorebi da qaris

turbinis sxva elementebi;

ganyenebuli (izolirebuli) energosistema ganyenebuli (izolirebuli) energosistema ganyenebuli (izolirebuli) energosistema ganyenebuli (izolirebuli) energosistema _ qaris eleqtrosadguri,

romelic ar aris CarTuli energosistemaSi.

saproeqto SeTanmeba _ saproeqto SeTanmeba _ saproeqto SeTanmeba _ saproeqto SeTanmeba _ qardanadgaris garkveul adgilze agebis nebarTva

adgilobrivi damproeqtebeli xelisuflebisagan.

saproeqto oficeri _ saproeqto oficeri _ saproeqto oficeri _ saproeqto oficeri _ saproeqto gayofilebis (departamentis)

TanamSromeli, romelic uflebamosilia gasces qaris

eleqtrosadguris agebis nebarTva.

gammarTveli gammarTveli gammarTveli gammarTveli _ cvladi denis mudmiv denad gardamqmneli naxevradgamtariani

mowyobiloba.

rotoris frTrotoris frTrotoris frTrotoris frTebi _ ebi _ ebi _ ebi _ qaris turbinis propeleri.

qaris minimaluri muSaunariani siCqare qaris minimaluri muSaunariani siCqare qaris minimaluri muSaunariani siCqare qaris minimaluri muSaunariani siCqare _ qaris minimaluri siCqare,

romelic turbinis funqcionirebisTvis aris saWiro.

kvalis zemoqmedeba kvalis zemoqmedeba kvalis zemoqmedeba kvalis zemoqmedeba _ turbinaze moqmedi haeris nakadi, romelmac gaiara

wina turbina da damatebiT agrigalebulia. mas xSirad “binZur

qars” uwodeben.

qareleqtruli bloki qareleqtruli bloki qareleqtruli bloki qareleqtruli bloki _ miwis nakveTi da masze ganlagebuli turbinebi.

isini xSirad rigebadaa damontaJebuli da qaris qrolvis

mimarTulebis perpendikularuladaa ganlagebuli. mSenebelma unda

gaiTvaliswinos gzebis mSenebloba, qvesadgurebis moTavseba,

marTvisa da sakontrolo sistemebi.

??????gadaxra ??????gadaxra ??????gadaxra ??????gadaxra _ turbinis orientaciis gamoyeneba rotoris dayenebisaTvis

qaris mimarTulebis Sesabamisad. rotorebi, romlebic brunavs

qaris mimarTulebis Sesabamisad TavisiT centrirdeba.

vizualuri gvizualuri gvizualuri gvizualuri gavlenis rukebi avlenis rukebi avlenis rukebi avlenis rukebi _ rukebi, romlebic gviCveneben im adgils,

saidanac turbinebis danaxvaa SesaZlebeli.

danarTi 2danarTi 2danarTi 2danarTi 2

qaris energiis gamoyenebis istoriaqaris energiis gamoyenebis istoriaqaris energiis gamoyenebis istoriaqaris energiis gamoyenebis istoria

qaris energias Zveli egviptelebi jer kidev 5000 wlis win mdinare nilosze

gemebis gadaadgilebisTvis iyenebdnen. dRemde ver SeTanxmdnen, Tu vin

gamoigona qaris wisqvili. zogi miiCnevs, rom igi Cinelebma gamoigones,

sxvebi ki Tvlian, rom igi pirvelad babilonSi an sparseTSi aages.

Sua saukuneebSi did britaneTSi qaris wisqvili sakmaod gavrcelebul

sanaxaobas warmoadgenda. miCneulia, rom XIX saukunis dasawyisSi

britaneTSi aTi aTasze meti holandiuri qaris wisqvili arsebobda. am saxis

qaris wisqvilis simZlavre maqsimum _ 30 kvt, saSualod ki 10 kvt-s

Seadgenda. aseT wisqvilebs SeeZloT 200 kacis samuSao SeesrulebinaT.

Tanamedrove qaris turbinebi meqanikur energias eleqtroenergiad

gardaqmnian, maTi winamorbedebi ki meqanikuri muSaobis Sesasruleblad

gamoiyeneboda.

qaris turbinam msoflio masStabiT globaluri cvlilebebi gamoiwvia.

magaliTad, altamont pasSi (kalifornia, aSS) cxra aTasze meti qaris

turbina funqcionirebs, romelTa sruli dadgmuli simZlavre 2800 megvt-s

Seadgens. evropaSi qaris energiis gamoyenebis mxriv germania, dania da

holandia lideroben.

sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom mraval adgilas qari TiTqmis ganuwyvetliv

qris. Tu msoflios mosaxleoba qaris energiis Tundac 0,5% aiTvisebs, maSin

igi ufro met energias miiRebs, vidre amJamad iyenebs. Tumca, aRsaniSnavia,

rom msoflios yvela qveyanas sakmao raodenobis qaris resursi ar gaaCnia.

cxadia, is qveynebi, romlebic qaris resursebs ar floben, qaris energiis

gamoyenebis imedze ver iqnebian.

momavalSi wiaRiseuli sawvavis raodenoba Semcirdeba, navTobis, gazisa da

qvanaxSiris fasebis zrda garduvalia. maTi gamoyeneba moxdeba mxolod

umniSvnelovanesi miznebisaTvis da dadgeba energiis ganaxlebadi wyaroebis

gamoyenebis aucilebloba, rogorc evropaSi, ise mTel msoflioSi. es

problema dRiTidRe ufro aqtualuri gaxdeba.

danarTi 3danarTi 3danarTi 3danarTi 3

sazomi erTeulebisazomi erTeulebisazomi erTeulebisazomi erTeulebi

a a a a amperi

mmmm metri

m/wmm/wmm/wmm/wm metri wamSi

gigavati, megavati, kilovati, vatigigavati, megavati, kilovati, vatigigavati, megavati, kilovati, vatigigavati, megavati, kilovati, vati

gigavati udris 1000 megavats, megavati udris 1000

kilovats an 1000000 vats. es aris sazomi erTeulebi,

romlebic denis simZlavris gasazomad gamoiyeneba.

kvtsTkvtsTkvtsTkvtsT kilovatsaaTi

kmkmkmkm kilometri

tttt tona

vvvv volti

vtvtvtvt vati

danarTi 4danarTi 4danarTi 4danarTi 4

abriviaturaabriviaturaabriviaturaabriviatura

A.C. cvladi deni

(Alternating Current)

D.C. mudmivi deni

(Direct Current)

EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba

EIS (Environmental Impact Statement) garemoze zemoqmedebis dadgenileba

EWEA (European Wind Energy Association) evropis qaris energiis asociacia

(Non Fossil Fuel Obligations) arawiaRiseuli sawvavis valdebulebebi

OPET (Organization for the Promotion of Energy Technologies) energoteqnologiebis ganviTarebis xelSewyobis organizacia

REC (Regional Electricity Company) regionaluri eleqtruli kompania

RPMMMM (Rotational Speed) brunvis siCqare

SME (Small Medium Enterprises) mcire da saSualo sawarmoebi

SRO (Scottish Renewables Organisation) Sotlandiis ganaxlebadi energiis

organizacia

WREAN (Regional Energy Western Agency Network) dasavleTis regionaluri energiis saagentoebis qseli

UKUKUKUKUK (United Kingdom) didi britaneTis gaerTianebuli samefo

danarTi 5danarTi 5danarTi 5danarTi 5

evropis qveynebisevropis qveynebisevropis qveynebisevropis qveynebis

praqtikuli magaliTpraqtikuli magaliTpraqtikuli magaliTpraqtikuli magaliTebiebiebiebi

ganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebiganyenebuli sistemebi

1. 1. 1. 1. praqtikuli magaliTi _ litvapraqtikuli magaliTi _ litvapraqtikuli magaliTi _ litvapraqtikuli magaliTi _ litva

litvaSi dabali simZlavris (20-60 kvt.) qaris eleqtrosadgurebi

damoukideblad funqcionireben da gansakuTrebiT mosaxerxebelia im

adgilebisaTvis, sadac centralizebul eleqtrul qselTan kavSiri

SezRudulia. maT individualuri, koleqtiuri fermerebi da mcire

sawarmoebi iyeneben. eleqtroenergiis uwyveti miwodebis uzrunvelsayofad

gamoiyeneba akumulatorebi, energiis dagrovebis mcire mowyobilobebi da

dizelis agregatebi. mcire simZlavris qaris ganyenebuli eleqtrosadgerebi

gamoiyeneba sacxovrebeli saxlebis gasaTbobad eleqtroenergiis siTbod

gardaqmniT an im agregatebis gamoyenebiT, romlebic meqanikur energias

siTbod gardaqmnian.

kaunasSi, aseTi sadguri narCenebis gadamamuSavebel municipalur

qarxanasTan iqna agebuli. igi