qartuli ena da literatura 5 - eprints.iliauni.edu.geeprints.iliauni.edu.ge/1915/1/maswavleblis...
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n. maRlakeliZe, n. svaniZe
gamomcemloba `meridiani~Tbilisi 2011
qarTuli ena da
literatura
5maswavleblis wigni
© gamomcemloba `meridiani~, 2011
© n. maRlakeliZe
uak
qarTuli enisa da literaturis gakveTilebi
V klasi
maswavleblis wigni
naTela maRlakeliZe, natalia svaniZeavtorebi:
cisana yuraSviliredaqtori
daviT kutubiZedizaineri
ISBN
gamomcemloba `meridiani~,
Tbilisi, al. yazbegis gamz., #47. ( 39-15-22
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
N. Maglakelidze`Georgian language and literature~, the book of the teacher 5, in Georgian `Meridiani~ Publishing, Tbilisi - 2011
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recenzia
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meToduri miTiTebani maswavlebelTaTvis
saswavlo kompleqti Sedgeba Semdegi komponentebisgan:a) moswavlis wigni,b) moswavlis rveuli,g) maswavleblis wigni.
a) `moswavlis wigni~ Sedgenilia `erovnuli saswavlo gegmisa~ da sagnobrivi `standartebis~ mixedviT. sakiTxav masalad SerCeulia rogorc qarTveli klasikosebis Semoqmedebis nimuSebi (romelTa didi nawili ukve aprobirebulia swavlebis procesSi), aseve _ Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerlebis: revaz inaniSvi-lis, otia ioselianis, guram rCeuliSvilis, giorgi ASatberaSvilis, goderZi Coxelis, muxran maWavarianis... nawarmoebebi (romlebic adre ar yofila Setanili saskolo qrestomaTiebSi).
garkveuli adgili aqvs daTmobili agreTve msoflio saymawvilo literaturis saukeTeso nimuSebsac (mark tveni, f. zalteni...).
sakiTxavi masala dalagebulia Tematur-budobrivi principis mixedviT. sul warmodgenilia 6 Tematuri bude:
a) saqarTvelos mTebSi gagaCina zenam...b) Cemo kargo qveyanav!..g) damakvirdi...d) sibrZne sicruisae) adamiani da bunebav) gaicaniT, Tqveni Tanatolia...vecadeT, warmogvedgina Janrobrivad mravalferovani (moTxroba, leqsi,
igav-araki, zRapari...) masala, aseve _ xalxuri Semoqmedebis nimuSebi. sakiTxav masalad SevarCieT e. w. `aRweriTi teqstebic~, romelTa mizania ara mxolod kiTxvis strategiebis daufleba, aramed sagnobrivi codnis gafarToebac xelovnebisa da istoriis calkeul sakiTxebze. es, Cveni azriT, xels Seuwyobs saswavlo masalis integracias, rac sakmaod aqtualuria dRes Cveni skolisaTvis.
sakiTxavi teqstebis damuSaveba xdeba swavlebis interaqtiuri meTode-bis gamoyenebiT. MmeTodikur aparatSi warmodgenilia sxvadasxva tipis kiTxvebi, romlebic dalagebulia TanmimdevrobiT da aRniSnulia saTanado simboloebiT: gavigoT, gaviazroT, SevafasoT. M
wignSi erTgvar siaxles warmoaadgens literaturuli da enobrivi masa-lis integracia, rasac iTvaliswinebs erovnuli saswavlo gegma. gramatikis sistematuri kursisN nacvlad, maswavlebels vTavazobT enobrivi masalis damuSavebas literaturul teqstebTan mWidro kavSirSi. ZiriTadi aqcenti keTdeba funqcionaluri gramatikis sakiTxebze, romlis mizania moswavleTa swori metyvelebis unarCvevebiT SeiaraReba. Eenobriv masalaze muSaoba yoveli teqstis damuSavebis aucilebeli atributia da igi saTanado simboloTia aRniSnuli. Qaq mocemulia is gansazRvrebebi, wesebi da savarjiSoebi, romlebic xels Seuwyoben ara mxolod calkeuli enobrivi kategoriebis gacnobasa da gaazrebas, aramed maT praqtikul gamoyenebas werasa Tu zepir metyvelebaSi.
saswavlo masala wignSi warmodgenili iqneba 36 samuSao kvirisaTvis. TiToeulis damuSavebas sWirdeba daaxloebiT 23 akademiuri saaTi (kviraSi saSualod 2 teqsti), Tumca amiT sruliadac ar vzRudavT maswavlebls _ mas ufleba aqvs Secvalos es saaTebi Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr.
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b) `moswavlis rveuli~, romelic ukve aprobirebulia IIIV klasebSi, erTgvari siaxlea V klasis qarTuli enisa da literaturis maswavleblisaTvis. masSi mocemulia is ZiriTadi savarjiSoebi da aqtivobebi, romlebic unda Sesruldes ama Tu im teqstis damuSavebisas. TiToeul teqstTan daaxloebiT 45 savarjiSoa warmodgenili. ZiriTadi aqcenti keTdeba teqstis agebaze, pratikuli sametyvelo unarCvevebis gamomuSavebaze, weriTi da zepiri metyvelebis kulturis daxvewaze. mocemulia testuri davalebebis nimuSebic, romlebic ZiriTadad teqstis gaazrebazea orientirebuli.
savarjiSoTa nawili zepirad sruldeba, nawili _ werilobiT. zogi maTgani gankuTvnilia wyvilebSi, zogi ki _ jgufuri muSaobisaTvis, rac aRniSnulia saTanado simboloebiT. ̀ maswavleblis wignSi~ gzadagza vuTiTebT, romeli weriTi davaleba unda Sesruldes Sin da romeli _ klasSi; Tumca es miTiTeba dogma ar aris da maswavlebels SeuZlia misi Secvla sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr. imeds vitovebT, rom warmodgenili savarjiSoebis mravalferovnebis gamo pedagogs aRar dasWirdeba damatebiT saklaso, saSinao, sakontrolo werebisaTvis davalebebis moZieba da calke rveulebis warmoeba. Tu mas gauCndeba amgvari survili, `moswavlis rveulSi~ am mizniTac vtovebT adgils.
g) `maswavleblis wigni~ gzamkvlevia pedagogisaTvis. Mmisi mizania, gauadvilos maswavlebels gakveTilis dagegmva swavlebis uaxlesi meTodebisa da xerxebis gamoyenebiT; uzrunvelyos im Sedegebis miRweva, romlebic erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli. Ggvsurs, xazi gavusvaT im faqts, rom `maswavleblis wigni~ aris mxolod da mxolod saorientacio da ara savalde-bulo. Mpedagogs SeuZlia misi Secvla sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr, gamravalferovneba, cvlilebebis Setana gakveTilis Catarebis procesSi. aq warmodgenili gakveTilebis scenarebi ori tipisaa: vrceli (sanimuSo) da mokle. `sanimuSo scenarebSi~ mocemulia gakveTilis msvlelobis detaluri aRwera misi etapebis, miznebis, aqtivobis, moswavleTa pasuxebisa da saorientacio drois zusti miTiTebiT. TiToeuli scenaris Semdeg vrclad aris CamoTvlili gakveTilis bolos mosalodneli Sedegebi. `mokle scenarebSi~ ki mocemulia ZiriTadi sagakveTilo aqtivobebi mxolod miznebisa da Sedegebis kodis CvenebiT (am kodiT aRniSnuli Sedegi maswavlebels Tavad SeuZlia ixilos V klasis sagnobriv standartSi).
`maswavleblis wignSi~ warmodgenilia saTanado damatebiTi informacia im sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, romlebic masalis damuSavebisas iCens Tavs. Aaqve SevitaneT mweralTa biografiebic, romelTa didi nawili maswav leblisaTvis kargad aris nacnobi, magram axali masalis axsnis procesSi mainc uwevs xolme misi gadaxedva. xazgasmiT aRvniSnavT, rom `cnobaric~ da biografiebic mxolod da mxolod maswavleblisaTvis aris gankuTvnili da misi am saxiT miwodeba moswavleebi-saTvis dauSvebelia.
avtorebi: naTela maRlakeliZe natalia svaniZe
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l. asaTianis ,, qarTuli ena~; enis raoba, enis funqciebi; sityvis semantika (2 sT)
miznebi_ teqstis ageba saTauris mixedviT_ poeturi teqstis aRqma_ gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaSi varjiSi_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ enis funqciebis gacnoba_ orTografiuli da orToepiuli Cvevebis formireba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba, sityvaTa warmoqmna (terminis gareSe)
I gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ zafxulis STabeWdilebebi (15 wT): es saswavlo wlis pirveli gakveTilia, amitom igi ramdenadme aratradiciu
lad warimarTeba. maswavlebeli ecnoba klass, axdens mis mobilizebas gakveTilisaTvis, esaubreba zafxulSi miRebul STabeWdilebebze. am mizniT sTavazobs ramdenime saTaurs zepiri gamosvlisaTvis:
a) zafxulis erTi dRe,b) ra damamaxsovrda,g) ra vnaxe,d) saintereso adamianebi, romlebic am zafxuls gavicani (SeiZleba msgav si
saTauri zepiri gamosvlisaTvis Tavad moswavleebmac SearCion)...
maswavlebeli klass mosafiqreblad aZlevs ramdenime wuTs. avalebs _ aarCion erTerTi saTauri, isaubron mxolod mis garSemo; Camoweron is sakiTxebi, romlis Sesaxebac apireben saubars; gaakeTon Savi Canaweri, Semdeg waukiTxon erTmaneTs. aqve, maswavlebeli acnobs wesebs zepiri gamosvlisaTvis _ daicvan reglamenti (dro), rigiToba, etiketi, mousminon erTmaneTis pasuxebs da Cai niSnon saintereso sakiTxebi, dausvan erTmaneTs kiTxvebi mxolod gamosvlis damTavrebis Semdeg, iyvnen TavSekavebulni da koreqtulebi (am miTiTebas SeiZleba mivceT `samaxsovros~ saxe da baraTebze Camowerili davurigoT moswavleebs). umjobesia, es samuSao Sesruldes individualurad, ramdenadac igi daexmareba maswavlebels, Sevides TiToeul moswavlesTan kontaqtSi da daexmaros mas. pasuxebis prezentaciisas Tavs ikavebs kritikuli Sefasebebisagan. moqmedebs principi _ `yvelas azri sainteresoa~.
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aqtivoba 2 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba (3 wuTi):maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da aZlevs davalebas_gaixsenon, ra
ician qarTuli enis Sesaxeb; ra waukiTxavT am sakiTxze, romeli cnobili poetebisa da mwerlebis nawarmoebebs gaixseneben. TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens Tavis variants. pasuxebis prezentacia da analizi xdeba klasSi.
Yaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi (10-12 wuTi):maswavlebeli klass gamometyvelebiT ukiTxavs lado asaTianis leqss
„qarTuli ena~, akiTxebs 12 moswavles, Semdeg aZlevs davalebas: waikiTxon leqsi Cumad, moZebnon da axsnan gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, gamoiyenon am mizniT ,,sityvis salaro~; moniSnon is ucnobi sityvebic, romlebic wignSi ar aris axsnili. am sityvebs Semdeg xsnis klasis saerTo ZalisxmeviT:
zena – zeciuri Zala, RmerTiuZvelesi tomi _ igulisxmeba saqarTveloSlegi _ giJi, gadareuli; Slegi CanCqerebi – swrafi CanCqerebi; CanCqeri
_ kldeze gadmomdinare wylis nakadimyinvari – moZravi yinulis mkvrivi masa mTebSidajanReba –nislad qceva; janRi _ nisli, burusifari _ sabrZolo iaraRisarkineTi (sarkine) _ adgilia mcxeTaSi (informacia maswavleblisaTvis:
sarkine – didi mcxeTis ubani, mcxeTis dasavleTiT mdebare, e. w. jojoxeTis ubnidan SiomRvimis misadgomebamde _ savaneTis qedsa da grZel mindorze. Zv. qarTuli istoriuli wyaroebis mixedviT, sarkineTi damoukidebel qalaqad aris miCneuli, Tumca es mosazreba zogierTi mecnieris garkveul eWvs iwvevs. arqeologiurma gaTxrebma gamoavlines, rom elinistur xanaSi aq sakmaod ganviTarebuli yofila liTonis damuSavebis kultura, oqromWedloba. aRmoCenilia meliToneTa saxelosnoebi. swored amitomac axsenebs poeti momdevno strofSi grdemlsa da uros).
grdemli _ rkinis sayrdeni liTonis gamosaWedaduro _didi CaquCisTvlemen – sZinavT; sasTumali _ baliSi an sxva rame TavqveS dasadebixmaTa xaverdebi – aq: sasiamovno, tkbili xmebi (informacia maswavleblisTvis:
`xmaTa xaverdebi~ rTuli metaforis tipuri nimuSia (metafora _ berZnulad niSnavs gadata-nas).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:lado asaTiani daibada 1917 wlis 14 ianvars quTaisSi. misi mSoblebi pedagogebi iyvnen, ca
geris raionis mkvidrni.lado asaTianma 1934 wels daasrula sasoflosameurneo teqnikumi da swavla quTaisis pe
dagogiur institutSi sabunebismetyvelo fakultetze gaagrZela. sul mokle xanSi ki qarTuli enisa da literaturis fakultetze gadavida. studentobis periodSi Cabmuli iyo samecniero wreebisa da literaturuli organizaciebis muSaobaSi, iyo quTaisSi gamomavali gazeTis „stalinelis~ TanamSromeli, swored am gazeTSi daibeWda pirvelad misi leqsebi. 1936 wels lado asaTiani ramdenime TviT mSobliur sofel bardnalaSi dabrunda. am periodSi Targmna puSkinis, maminsibiriakis nawarmoebebi.
quTaisSi dabrunebis Semdeg lado kidev ufro aqtiurad Caeba qalaqis literaturul cxovrebaSi. gansakuTrebiT iyo gatacebuli folkloristuli ZiebebiT.
19371938 wlebis represiebi lado asaTianis ojaxsac Seexo: dedamisi _ lida cqitiSvili, rusuli enisa da literaturis maswavlebeli, daapatimres „xalxis mtris~ braldebiT.
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represirebuli ojaxis Svils male gamouCndnen moSurneebi, mowinaaRmdegeebi, romelTac brZola gamoucxades axalgazrda poets.
1937 wlis 16 ivliss gazeT „stalinelSi~ gamoqveynda publikacia, romelSic ramdenime sxvadasxva mweralTan erTad, mkacrad iyo gakritikebuli lado asaTiani. „kritikosebi~ poets „politikuri Secdomebis~ gamosworebisaken mouwodebdnen, urCevdnen, Tavi daenebebina „mavne laybobisaTvis~. aseTi gamoxdomebi mZime STabeWdilebas axdenda axalgazrda poetze; mis garSemo atexili aJiotaJiT gamowveuli gulistkivili kargad Cans poetis CanawerebSi, pirad werilebSi, TanamedroveTa mogonebebSi.
dedis dapatimrebis Semdeg lado asaTiani institutidan garicxes. oficialuri mizezi aseTi iyo: „kontrrevoluciuri layboba~. aseTi braldeba 19371938 wlebSi, represiebis dros, gawirvis tolfasi iyo da, bunebrivia, am faqtmac Zlier imoqmeda poetze.
amgvari braldebiT „daRdasmuli~ lado amaod dadioda dawesebulebidan dawesebulebaSi samuSos saZieblad, magram materialur siduxWireSi Cavardnil „mtris Svils~ xels aravin umarTavda.
1938 wlidan mdgomareoba ramdenadme Seicvala, represiebis talRam TiTqos gadaiara. 1938 wlis 29 marts ki saqalaqo komitetis dadgenilebiT lado asaTiani institutSi aRadgines.
1938 wlis zafxulidan lado asaTiani TbilisSi gadmovida sacxovreblad, TanamSomlobda Jurnal „Cveni Taobis~ redaqciasTan. misi nawarmoebebi qveyndeboda „axalgazrda komunistSi~, „mnaTobSi~, „literaturul gazeTSi~, „pionerSi~ da sxv.
19381939 wlebSi poeti muSaobda gazeT „norCi leninelSi~, aqveynebda leqsebs, narkvevebs, literaturul werilebs. statiebi miuZRvna nikoloz baraTaSvilis, vano sarajiSvilis, Sio mRvimelis, uolter skotis, JorJ sandis da sxvaTa Semoqmedebas.
1939 wels lado asaTiani armiaSi gaiwvies, magram avadmyofobis gamo TbilisSi daabrunes. igi tuberkuloziT iyo daavadebuli, araerTi Tve gaatara abasTumanSi, magram ver ganikurna.
lado asaTiani gardaicvala 1943 wels sruliad axalgazrda, 26 wlisa. igi didubis panTeonSia dakrZaluli.
Aaqtivoba 4 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (5 wuTi):gaanalizdeba, ras uZRvnis poeti am leqss (qarTul enas), leqsis mixedviT,
vin da sad gaaCina qarTuli ena (`saqarTvelos mTebSi gagaCina zenam~), ras uwodebs mwerali qarTul enas? (`xmaTa xaverdebis da RmerTebis enas~), vin igulisxma poetma `uZveles tomSi?~ (qarTvelebi), ratom? (qarTvel xalxs didi xnis istoria aqvs)...
aqtivoba 5 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wuTi):lado asaTianis `qarTuli ena~, moswavleebma unda iswavlon zepirad leqsi
dan is adgili, romelic yvelaze metad moewonaT; `moswavlis rveulidan~ Seasrulon werilobiT davaleba `erTad avagoT teqsti~.
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II gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ Sesrulebuli davalebis prezentacia (6 wT.):moswavleebi kiTxuloben saSinao davalebas, iyeneben urTierTSefasebisa da
TviTSefasebis formebs, maswavleblis komentaris mosmenis Semdeg miuTiTeben – ra gauWirdaT werisas, ras daimaxsovreben da gaiTvaliswineben momavalSi am SeniSvnebidan.
aqtivoba 2 _ leqsis gamometyvelebiTi kiTxva da analizi (7 wT.):moswavleebi zepirad warmoTqvamen im adgils, romelmac maTze gansakuTre
buli STabeWdileba moaxdina, asabuTeben TavianT azrs – ratom SeaCeres arCevani am monakveTze, ra moewonaT da ratom... varjiSoben leqsis gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaze, yuradReba maxvildeba intonaciaze, tempze, pauzebze, logikur da fsiqologiur maxvilebze, gamoiyeneba gunduri da gamokrebiTi kiTxvac:
_ moZebneT da waikiTxeT leqsidan is adgilebi, sadac aRwerilia saqarTvelos buneba: (`Slegi CanCqerebis napralebze xtoma~, `myinvarebis RvTiur brwyinvalebiT dnoba~, `gafantuli faris mTaze dajanReba~, `mwife puris yana qarSi rogor Relavs~, `varskvlavi caze rogor mogzaurobs~...);
_ rasTan aris Sedarebuli cxvris fara? (nislTan, janRTan);_ ra niSniT aris Sedarebuli? (orive TeTria, orive mTis kalTazea Sefe-
nili)._ moZebneT da waikiTxeT leqsSi is adgili, sadac poeti saqarTvelos isto
riaze, warsulze migviTiTebs (`uZvelesma tomma dRemde moimRera,~ `qarTuli faris farze dajaxeba~, `sarkineTSi grdemlze rogor scemen uros~... `cixe-koSkis CrdilSi... RamismTevlebs lxini gaumarTavT...~).
_ ra sityvebiT moixseniebs poeti qarTul enas? (`siyvarulis leqsis, sa-dRegrZelos ena~, `xmaTa xaverdebis da RmerTebis ena~...).
aqtivoba 3 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba da Sefaseba(7 wT.):_ poetis ra ganwyoba Cans leqsSi? (aRmafrenisa da siamayis)._ ra uqmnis poets aseT ganwyobas? (qveynis warsuli, samSoblos siyvaru-
li)._ ratom uwodebs poeti qarTul enas ̀ xmaTa xaverdebisa da RmerTebis enas?~
(mas Zalian uyvars da moswons Tavisi mSobliuri ena)._ romeli enaa poetis mSobliuri ena? (qarTuli ena)._ mSobliuri enis aRsaniSnavad qarTvelebi romel sityvas iyeneben kidev?
(dedaenas)._ rogor fiqrobT, ratom uwodeben qarTvelebi mSobliur enas ̀ dedaenas?~
gaixseneT sxva sityvebic, romlebic aseve `dedasTan~ arian dakavSirebuli (de-dasamSoblo, dedaqalaqi, dedamiwa...).
_ risTvis aris ena saWiro? (saubrisaTvis, erTmaneTTan urTierTobis dasamyareblad, sakuTari azris gamosaxatavad...).
eZleva daskvna_ena adamianTa azris gamoxatvisa da urTierTobis saSu-alebaa. qarTvelTa dedaena, mSobliuri ena qarTulia. es leqsic swored dedaenas eZRvneba.
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informacia maswavleblisaTvis: mecnierebi ZiriTadad enis or funqcias _ azris gamoxatvisa da sakomunikacios_
gamoyofen. Tumca enaTmecnierTa erTi nawili aRiarebs enis mesame funqciasac – saSemecnebos. am Sexedulebis warmomadgenlebi Tvlian, rom yovel enaSi mocemulia samyaros aRqmisa da Semecnebis garkveuli modeli, romelic TiToeul enaSi Taviseburia da ar emTxveva arc erT sxva models (ena msoflxatia). enebi erTmaneTisgan gansxvavdeba ara mxolod imiT, rom sxvadasxva bgeradobis sityvebiT aRniSnaven erTsa da imave cnebas, aramed imiTac, rom am enaze molaparakeTaTvis TviT es cnebebia gansxvavebuli da sxvadasxva mimarTeba aqvT momijnave cnebebTan. sailustraciod kmara `dedaenac~, romelic `mSobliuri enis~ (pirveli enis, sabaziso enis) aRsaniSnavad moepoveba qarTuls.
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (8 wT.):
a) omonimebze dakvirveba: _ teqstSi ori iseTi sityvaa, romlebic garegnulad hgavs erTmaneTs, mniS
vneloba ki gansxvavebuli aqvs. romelia es sityvebi? (`gafantuli faris mTaze dajanReba~, `qarTuli faris farze dajaxeba~, _ pirvel SemTxvevaSi saubar-ia cxvris faraze, meore SemTxvevaSi – sabrZolo iaraRze). xom ar gaixsenebdiT sxva aseT sityvebsac? (bari – sameurneo iaraRi, bari – dablobi adgili...).
b) saxelTa warmoqmnaze dakvirveba:_ ras aRniSnavs jagi? (eklian buCqs). jagnari? (adgils, romelic jagebiT
aris dafaruli)._ miiReT axali sityvebi: buCqi – (buCqnari), naZvi (naZvnari), fiWvi (fiWv-
nari), yvavili (yvavilnari). ra gansxvavebaa am sityvebs Soris? (pirveli aRniS-navs mcenares, meore ki adgils, sadac es mcenareebi mravlad xarobs).
g) sityvaTa marTlweraze dakvirveba:_ moZebneT teqstSi rTuli sityvebi da daakvirdiT, rogor iwereba isini
(cixe-koSki – iwereba defisiT, RamismTeveli _ iwereba erTad). SeadgineT da dafaze dawereT winadadebebi am sityvebis gamoyenebiT.
_ moZebneT teqstSi arsebiTi saxeli, romelc ori mTi iwereba (tomma). ratom iwereba aq ori m? (erTi fuZiseulia, meore – moTxr. br-is niSani). sxva aseT magaliTebsac xom ar gaixsenebT?
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba(7 wT.):moswavleebi ajameben, ra iswavles am gakveTilze axali (Seiswavles lado
asaTianis leqsi `qarTuli ena~, daeuflnen gamometyvelebiTi kiTxvis Cvevas, aages teqstebi mocemul Temaze, gaecnen mSobliuri enis raobas, Seasrules savarjiSoebi...), SeiZleba Seivsos sqemac:
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aqtivoba 6 _ Sefaseba (3 wT.):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli klasTan erTad afasebs ramdenime moswav
les. Sefasebisas aucileblad iTvaliswinebs Semdeg parametrebs:
a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT.):saSinao davalebad eZlevaT lado asaTianis leqsi `qarTuli ena~; aseve, mo
swavleebma unda moiZion qarTveli poetebis leqsebi, romlebic qarTul enas eZRvneba.
Sedegebis kodi: am Temis gavlis Semdeg
V.1. _ moswavle avlens teqstis mosmenisa da interpretaciis sawyis unars;V.2. _ismens da da adekvaturad afasebs Tanatolebis zepir gamosvlas;V.3. _ avlens mosmenili teqstis interpretaciis unars;V.5. _ SeuZlia sadiskusio strategiebis (rigiToba, reglamenti, etiketi,
erTmaneTisaTvis kiTxvebis dasma, gegmis Sedgena winaswari gamosvlisaTvis...) gamoyeneba;
V.6 _ gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi;V.9. _ avlens wakiTxuli teqstis interpretaciis unars, avlebs paralelebs
Tematurad msgavs nawarmoebebTan;V.11. _ leqsis kiTxvisas iyenebs kiTxvis strategiebs _ konteqstis gaTva
liswinebiT, kiTxvis dasmiT, leqsikoniT... cdilobs ucnobi sityvebisa da gamoTqmebis mniSvnelobis garkvevas; konkretuli informaciis mosaZieblad Tvals gadaavlebs teqstis struqturas, sityvier da arasityvier maorganizebel elementebs da maTze dayrdnobiT poulobs da amokrebs mas...;
V.12 _ qmnis werilobiT teqsts (`rogor gavatare zafxuli~), werisas aqcents akeTebs mTavarsa da aramTavar sakiTxebze;
V.13. _ SeuZlia weriTi davalebisaTvis (STabeWdilebis gadmocema) funqciuri stilis SerCeva;
V.14. teqstis agebis Semdeg CaikiTxavs da Caasworebs mas, iyenebs koreqtirebis martiv xerxebs.
ra vicodi qarTuli enis Sesaxeb
ra gavige risi gagebamainteresebs
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g. maisuraZis `sadRegrZelo~, arsebiTi saxelis Sinaarsobrivi jgufebi, sityvaTwarmoeba
miznebi_ teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ wakiTxulis gaazreba da Sefaseba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ gabmuli Txrobis Cvevis formireba_ gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaSi varjiSi_ kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba _ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba_ sityvaTwarmoebaze dakvirveba (praqtikulad)
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba _ provocireba:maswavlebeli teqstidan gamometyvelebiT kiTxulobs Semdeg monakveTs: `erTxel rusi poeti sergei esenini saqarTveloSi stumrad Camovida. qar
Tvelma poetebma guliTadad umaspinZles sapatio stumars. igi jer kojris cixeze aiyvanes, saidanac didebulad Canda daTovlili kavkasioni, beberi Tbilisi, mwu xare marabda, dauviwyari didgori. mere didebuli beTaniis monasterSi didebuli Tamaris xati inaxules.~
Mmoswavleebs sTxovs yuradRebiT mousminon da Semdeg pasuxi gascen kiTxvebs:
_ rogor fiqrobT, ratom waiyvanes qarTvelma maspinZlebma rusi stumari kojris cixeze? ris Cveneba surdaT misTvis? Tqveni azriT, ra STabeWdilebas miiRebda rusi poeti am adgilebis xilvis Semdeg?
Kklass hyofs jgufebad da TiToeul jgufs avalebs warmoadginos pasuxis sakuTari versia da daasabuTos Tavisi azri.
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:sergei esenini (18951925 w.w.) _ cnobili rusi poeti, saqarTveloSi imyofeboda 19241925
wlebSi eqvsi TviT, rac misTvis Zlieri STagonebis wyaro gaxda. aq Seqmna man 30ze meti nawarmoebi. guliTadi megobroba akavSirebda qarTvel poetebTan: t. tabiZesTan, p. iaSvilTan, v. gafrindaSvilTan. winamdebare teqstSic swored saqarTveloSi stumrobisa da qarTveli poetebis maspinZlobis es epizodia aRwerili.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:moswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben nawilnawil, gzadagza klasis aqtiuri
monawileobiT aixsneba gaugebari leqsikuri erTeulebi da Sesityvebani. garda `sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili sityvebisa, moswavleTaTavis gaugebari SeiZleba aRmoCndes Semdegi leqsikuri erTulebi da frazebi:
mdelo _ patara mindoriduqani _ wvrili savaWro an patara sasadilosaRamospiras _ SeRamebisasCemo Zmiswulo _ mimarTvis formaa, romelSic mTqmeli gamoxatavs Tavis
damokidebulebas mosaubrisadmiRvedi _ moqnili tyavis mogrZo da viwro anaWeri
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Ddaismis teqstis gagebaze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:_ visi stumrobaa aRwerili teqstSi? vin iyvnen misi maspinZlebi?_ ra maspinZloba gauwies maT stumars? _ ra moCanda kojris cixidan? _ ra aCvenes stumars beTaniis eklesiaSi?_ sad gaSales poetebma sufra? vin miipatiJa eseninma sufrasTan?_ ra sadRegrZeloebi moismina man qarTveli glexebisagan?_ ram aatira rusi poeti?..
Aaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba:_ Tqveni azriT, ratom waiyvanes qarTvelma poetebma rusi stumari kojris
cixeze? beTaniis eklesiaSi? ris Cveneba surdaT maT rusi poetisaTvis? rogor fiqrobT, ratom gauCndaT qarTvel poetebs rus stumarTan Tavmowonebis survili?
_ ram moaxdina stumarze yvelaze didi STabeWdileba?_ qarTvelebis ra Tvisebebi Cans am teqstidan? (samSoblos siyvaruli, misi
warsuliT Tavis mowoneba, kargi stumarmaspinZloba, enamWevroba, drostarebisa da qeifis siyvaruli...).
_ am Tvisebebidan romeli moewona rus stumars yvelaze metad? saidan Cans es? moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi saTanado adgili.
_ Tqveni azriT, ra aris mTavari am moTxrobaSi? _ warmoidgineT, rom rusi stumris maspinZloba dRes Tqven giwevT. ras aCve
nebdiT mas? (es davaleba klass SeiZleba SevTavazoT jgufuri muSaobisaTvis).
Aaqtivoba 4 _ teqstis Cumi kiTxva da gegmis Sedgena.Mmoswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben Cumad, nawilnawil da asaTaureben mas
(`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2), gegma daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:a) istoriuli adgilebis Cveneba rusi stumrisTvisb) poetebis lxinig) meurmeTa enamzeoba/sadRegrZeloebid) eseninis atireba/stumris tirili...
Aaqtivoba 5 _ gabmul metyvelebaSi varjiSi.am gegmis mixedviT moswavleebi gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss jer nawil
nawil, Semdeg _ mTlianad gabmuli TxrobiT.
Aaqtivoba 6 _ teqstis ageba _ wera: ra atirebda esenins (`moswavlis rveuli~ davaleba #3).
Qaqtivoba 7_ enobriv masalaze muSaoba.
Ma) arsebiTi saxelis Sinaarsobriv jgufebze dakvirveba:maswavlebeli klass saanalizod sTavazobs nawyvets teqstidan:`erTxel rusi poeti sergei esenini saqarTveloSi stumrad Camovida. qarT
velma poetebma guliTadad umaspinZles sapatio stumars. igi jer kojris cixeze aiyvanes, saidanac didebulad Canda daTovlili kavkasioni, beberi Tbilisi,
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mwuxare marabda, dauviwyari didgori. mere beTaniis monasterSi didebuli Tamaris xati inaxules.
ukan rom brundebodnen, samadloze TeTr duqanSi isadiles. stumris TxovniT sufra gzispira mdeloze gaaSlevines~.
Aavalebs am teqstSi moZebnon arsebiTi saxelebi. gaarkvion, maT Soris romelia: a)adamianis sakuTari saxelebi (esenini, Tamari), b) geografiuli adgilis aRmniSvneli saxelebi (saqarTvelo,kojori, Tbilisi, marabda, didgori, beTania, samadlo). eZleva daskvna: saxeli SeiZleba iyos orgvari: sakuTari da sa-zogado. sakuTaria saxeli, romelic hqvia erT sagans, sazogado ki erTnair saganTa saxelia.
werilobiT sruldeba davalebebi #4 da #5 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
b) saxelTa warmoqmnaze dakvirveba:or svetad Camoiwereba Zireuli da warmoqmnili arsebiTi saxelebi:
uremi _ meurmemanqana _ memanqan_eTevzi _ meTevzebaRi _ mebaRefutkari _ mefutkrenaxiri _ menaxire
moswavleTa daxmarebiT gairkveva, rom pirvel svetSi Camowerili sityvebi aRniSnavs sagans da mas daesmis kiTxva ra? xolo meore svetSi Camowerili sityvebi ki xelobis aRmniSvnelia da daesmis kiTxva vin? (sxva terminebis_Zireuli, warmoqmnili, warmomqmneli afiqsebi_miwodeba am etapze mizanSeuwonlad migvaCnia). werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #4.
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iakob gogebaSvilis ,,iavnanam ra hqmna!?’’ (Tavebi: `samSoblo Rvinisa~, ̀ sofeli vaSlovani~, ̀ lekebi kaxeTSi~), salite raturo ena da dialeqtebi, sityvaTa warmoqmna (wina viTarebis saxelebi _ terminis gareSe) _ 2 sT
miznebi
_ zepiri gamosvlisaTvis mzadeba_ aRweriTi teqstis ageba_ literaturuli teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ sakuTari azris dasabuTeba_ kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba;_ saTqmelis naTlad da gasagebad gadmocema, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxe
bis gacema_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ dialeqtizmebze dakvirveba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba
M
I gakveTili
Aaqtivoba 1_ kiTxvisTvis mzadeba (4-5 wT.):maswavlebeli dafaze wers frazas: `qarTuli ena Cveni dedaenaa.~ svams kiTxvas:_ ra mniSvnelobiT aris gamoyenebuli am winadadebaSi sityva dedaena?
(mSobliuri enis mniSvnelobiT)._ kidev ras aRniSnavs es sityva? vin aris `dedaenis~ avtori? ra gsmeniaT mis
Sesaxeb? (es davaleba klass miecema jgufuri muSaobisTvis. TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens pasuxis sakuTar variants. moswavleebi avseben da afaseben erTmaneTis pasuxebs).
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis: iakob gogebaSvili (1840-1912) _qarTveli pedagogi, qarTuli mecnieruli pedagogikis
fuZemdebeli, publicisti da sabavSvo mwerali, daibada Raribi mRvdlis ojaxSi sof. varianSi (goris mazra), swavlobda jer gorSi, Semdeg ki _ Tbilisis sasuliero seminariaSi, 1861 wels swavla gaagrZela kievis sasuliero akademiaSi, magram janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo 1863 wels iZulebuli gaxda samSobloSi dabrunebuliyo. eweoda pedagogiur saqmianobas, aqtiurad iyo Cabmuli erovnulganmaTavisuflebel moZraobaSi, amis gamo 1874 w. igi, rogorc politikurad arakeTilsaimedo, mefis xelisuflebam gaaTavisufla samsaxuridan, amis Semdeg aRarsad umuSavia, eweoda sazogadoebriv saqmianobas, ibrZoda qarTuli saxalxo skolis SeqmnadamkvidrebisaTvis, icavda realuri ganTlebis upiratesobas formalurTan SedarebiT, aqtiurad iyo
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Cabmuli werakiTxvis gamavrc. sazbis muSaobaSi. misTvis mTavari ped. principi iyo xalxurobis principi, rac, upirveles Yyovlisa, gamoixateboda mSobliur enaze swavlebis aucileblobaSi. pirvelma wamoayena aRmzrdelobiTi swavlebis idea, sakiTxavi masalac swored am principebiT aqvs SerCeuli, amis nimuSia ̀ iavnanam ra hqmna?!~c. mis moTxrobebSi aRmzrd. didaqtikuri Mmotivebi organulad erwymis mxatvrul realizms. Mmisi moTxrobebi mozardebs STaagonebda samSoblos istoriis pativiscemas, misTvis Tavdadebas, humanizms, erovnebaTa da religiaTa Soris urTierTSemwynareblobasa da toleranatobas. SemTxveviTi ar aris warwera mis `dedaenaze~: `yvela sarwmunoebis qarTvelTaTvis~. gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania misi wvlili qarTuli originaluri saxelmZRvaneloebis Seqmnis saqmeSi: `qarTuli anabani da pirveli sakiTxavi wigni mos-wavleTaTvis~ (1863-1868 w.w.), `deda ena~, (1876-1912 ww.), `bunebis kari~ (1868 -1912 w.w), `ruskoe slovo~ (1887w.)... manve Semoitana da daamkvidra qarTul sinamdvileSi werakiTxvis swavlebis is principebi, romlebic dResac safuZvlad edeba qarTuli anbanis saxelmZRvaneloebs (litra: q s e, t. III, gv. 196; v. ramiSvili, qarTuli enis swavlebis meTodika, 1957, gv. 7679...).
maswavlebeli klass waakiTxebs i. gogebaSvilis sityvebs:`dedaenis Seswavla bavSvs akavSirebs mTeli eris sulTan da gulTan, mis
xangrZliv istoriul cxovrebasTan da avsebs mas sulieri RoniT da mxneo-biT~.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi (15-18 wT.):maswavlebeli iwyebs teqstis kiTxvas. gamometyvelebiT waikiTxavs I Tavs.
teqstis es nawili aRweriTia da maswavlebelma amis gaTvaliswinebiT unda SearCios saTanado intonacia, tempi, pauzebi, maxvilebi... kiTxvis procesSive xsnis gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs:
civi _ mTis saxelwodebaa (mdebareobs gomboris qedis Sua monakveTze mdinareebis: kisisxevisa da Turdos _ zemo dinebaTa wyalgamyofze)
zvari _ venaxidaRestani _ qveyana CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi (aq cxovrobs daaxloebiT 30 sx
vadasxva xalxi da eTnografiuli jgufi, maTgan yvelaze mravalricxovanni arian xunZebi, darguelebi, yumuxelebi, lekebi, lakebi, CeCnebi...).
mijna _ sazRvariqvitkiri _ saSeni masala, qva da kiri erTad SeduRabebulinaSTi _ raimes arsebobis kvali, adre arsebulis narCeni
teqstis am monakveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg svams kiTxvebs:_ saqarTvelos romeli nawilia aRwerili am teqstSi? (aRmosavleTi –
`Tbilisidan rom aRmosavleTiT waxvide...~)._ moZebneTY teqstSi is adgili, sadac kaxeTis velia aRwerili (`es swore
vake ...~)._ ra nawilebad yofs mdinare alazani kaxeTs? (`aqeTa naxevars hqvia...~)._ ra qveyana esazRvreba kaxeTs? (daRestani)._ ra yofs kaxeTs daRestnisagan? (mTebi)._ ra moCans gaRma mxares? (`erT adgilas mTis ZirSi~...)_ raze migviTiTebs es naSTebi?_ raze migvaniSnebs am Tavis saTauri `samSoblo Rvinisa~? (imaze, rom am
TavSi saubari iqneba Rvinis istoriul samSobloze_kaxeTze);
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_ratom uwodeben am kuTxes `Rvinis saSoblos?~ Tu aris amis Sesaxeb miniSnebebi teqstSi? waikiTxeT saTanado adgilebi. (,,zRva venaxebisa da zvrebisa~);
teqstis meore da mesame Tavebs kiTxuloben moswavleebi da gzadagza `sityvis salarosa~ da maswavleblis daxmarebiT xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs:
puradoba _ stumarTmoyvareobasaxloba – aq: ojaxiTari _ aRmosavluri musikaluri sakraviuRalavi _ dauRlelimasze amosdioda mze – Zalian uyvardasazogadod _ aq: saerTodlekebi _daRestnelebis tradiciuli qarTuli saxelwodebaa (masSi igu
lisxmebian ara Tavad lekebi/lezgebi, aramed daRestnis teritoriaze mosaxle tomebi. maTi gamusulmaneba intensiurad iwyeba XVII saukunidan).
Nnabdeuloba _ moTelili matylisgan damzadebuli nakeTobani; nabadi _moTelili matylisgan damzadebuli wamosasxami
nasoflari_ adgili,sadac Zvelad sofeli iyo Rele_ aq: xeviamoCuxCuxebda_ amodioda kacTmoyvare_ adamianebis moyvarulisanovage_ saWmelikargad gasinjo_ aq: daakvirdegaarCev _ aq: aRmoaCenayrili tye _xSiri tyeSefenili mTa_dafaruli mTa oqros guli_ keTili, mosiyvarule guliruseTisken gaweva _rusuli orientacia, ruseTs mikedleba, ruseTis ar
Cevateqstis wakiTxvis Semdeg iwyeba gamokrebiTi kiTxva:_ rogor aRwers mwerali sofel vaSlovans?(`dasavleTiT am sofels ertya
zvrebi da venaxebi, xolo aRmosavleTis mxriv ki exeboda xSirsa da ayrils tyes, romliTac Sefenili iyo mTa. Aam xSiris tyis wyalobiT Sig Sua guls sofelSi miwidan amoCuxCuxebda veeberTela ankara wyaro, romlis yinuliv-iT civi wyali iyo sayvareli sasmeli mTeli soflisa. Senobani soflisa sul qvitkirisani iyvnen da mowmobdnen, rom sofeli SeZlebuli iyo, marTlac, ma-Sin vaSlovanma da mTelma kaxeTma ar icoda, ra iyo vaWris vali, romelSiac exla kaxeTia Cafluli~);
_ ra migvaniSnebs imaze, rom teqstSi aRwerili ambavi didi xnis winaT moxda? (migvaniSnebs sityvebi teqstidan ,,Zvels droSi~, agreTve: nasoflari, naSTebi...);
_ visi ojaxia am teqstSi aRwerili?(Tavad zurab qarTvelaZis) _qarTvelaZeTa ra Tvisebebze migvaniSnebs mwerali?(kacTmoyvareobaze). _Tu Cans mwerlis damokidebuleba am ojaxisadmi? saidan Cans es? (es Cans magdanis daxasiaTe-
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baSi, mwerali mas uwodebs ,,oqro gulis patrons~);_ ris Sesaxeb aris saubari teqstis mesame TavSi? (saubaria lekebze , maT
urTierTobaze kaxelebTan, vaWrobaze am or xalxs Soris);_ rogori damokidebuleba iyo qarTvelebsa da lekebs Soris
Zvelad?(keTilmezobluri). rodis gafuWda maT Soris urTierToba? (mas Sem-deg, rac isini gamahmadiandnen, xolo saqarTvelom ki ruseTisaken aiRo gezi). ra gaxda am or xalxs Soris mtrobis mizezi? (sarwmunoebis Secvla lekTa mxri-dan da saqarTvelos rusuli orientacia);
Aaqtivoba 3 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (5-6 wT.):gairkveva vin aris nawarmoebis avtori (i. gogebaSvili) , romel dros Se e
xeba nawarmoebSi aRwerili ambavi (im dros, sanam qarTvelebi `ruseTisaken gai-wevdnen~), ra aris nawarmoebis am sam TavSi mTavari (kaxeTisa da qarTvelaZeebi ojaxis, agreTve _ Zvel droSi qarTvelebsa da lekebs Soris keTilmezobluri urTierTobis aRwera.).
Daqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:rTuli sityvebis orTografiaze muSaoba (9-10 wT.): moZebneT teqstSi
rTuli sityvebi da gaixseneT rogor iwereba isini: kacTmoyvare, qvitkiri... _ rodis iwereba rTul sityvaSi defisi ()?(rodesac maT Soris da kavSiri
Caismis). `moswavlis rveulidan~ werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #4.
Aaqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba-Sefaseba (3 wT.): gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebi
sas iTvaliswinebs parametrebs: a) praqtikuli muSaoba organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis floba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi ( aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25% .
aqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT.):teqstis pirveli sami Tavi. `moswavlis rveulidan~ savarjiSo ##2 _ meore
Tavis mixedviT SeadgineT gegma.gegma daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:a) sofeli vaSlovanib) zurab qarTvelaZis ojaxig) musikaluri colqmari d) colqmris bedniereba
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II gakveTili
Aaqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis dayofa nawilebad da Sinaarsis gadmocema (7 wuTi):
Aaqve maswavlebeli amowmebs wina gakveTilze micemul davalebas _ moswavleebs werilobiT unda SeedginaT II Tavis gegma. I da III Tavebs ki moswavleebi klasSive yofen calkul nawilebad da adgenen gegmas:
I Tavi:a) kaxeTis adgilmdebareoba b) nasoflari
III Tavi:a) qarTvelebisa da lekebis urTierToba Zveladb) qarTvelebisa da lekebis urTierToba maTi gamusulmanebis Semdeg
moswavleebi am gegmis mixedviTa da maswavleblis daxmarebiT gadmoscemen wakiTxulis Sinaarss jer calcalke, Semdeg ki mTlianad, gabmuli TxrobiT.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ aRweriTi teqstis Seqmna (10-12 wuTi):_ waikiTxeT meore Tavis pirveli abzaci. (,,Zvels droSi am adgilas hyva-
oda karga mozrdili sofeli, romelsac vaSlovani erqva. dasavleTiT am sofels ertya zvrebi da venaxebi, xolo aRmosavleTis mxriv ki exeboda xSir-sa da ayrils tyes, romliTac Sefenili iyo mTa. Aam xSiris tyis wyalobiT Sig Sua guls sofelSi miwidan amoCuxCuxebda veeberTela ankara wyaro, romlis yinuliviT civi wyali iyo sayvareli sasmeli mTeli soflisa. Senobani sof-lisa sul qviTkirisani iyvnen da mowmobdnen, rom sofeli SeZlebuli iyoo).
romeli zedsarTavi saxelebi gvxvdeba aq?(mozrdili, xSiri, SeZlebuli, ayrils, veeberTela, Aankara, yinuliviT, civi, sayvareli), ra moxdeba, Tu Txrobisas zedsarTav saxelebs ar gamoviyenebT? (teqsti iqneba uemocio da mSra-li). ra mizniT iyenebs mwerali aq am zedsarTav saxelebs? (raTa ufro zusti da gamomsaxveli gaxados Txroba).
_ romel zedsarTav saxelebs gamoiyenebT im qalaqis (soflis) aRwerisaTvis, sadac Tqven cxovrobT? (mag. Tbilisi _ uZvelesi, didi, lamazi, Tbili da xmauriani, xalxmravali...).
_ sad mdebareobs Tqveni qalaqi (sofeli)?_ romeli mdinare Camoudis mas?_ romeli qalaqi (sofeli) esazRvreba mas?_ rogoria igi? ra aris masSi gansakuTrebuli?_ ra RirSesaniSnavi adgilebia iq?_ ra gsmeniaT (wagikiTxavT) mis Sesaxeb?..Semdeg maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da aZlevs davalebas _ Seadgi
non teqsti zepiri gamosvlisaTvis: `Cemi qalaqi (sofeli)~. igi winaswar Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom amisaTvis saWiroa gegmis Sedgena; gegma unda Camoweron,
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Txrobisas unda daicvan Tanmimdevroba, Sinaarsi aucileblad unda Seesaba-mebodes mis saTaurs, mxolod amis Semdeg unda waukiTxon amxanagebs da mois-minon maTi Sefaseba (SeiZleba es miTiTebebi baraTebze gavaformoT `samaxsovros~ saxiT da davurigoT moswavleebs).
Mmoswavleebi axdenen sakuTari namuSevris prezentacias da ismenen amxanagebisa da maswavleblis Sefasebebs.
Aaqtivoba 3 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (12-13 wT.):a) wina viTarebis saxelebi_ mwerali vaSlovans `nasoflars~ uwodebs. rogor fiqrobT, ratom? (imi-
tom, rom aq adre sofeli iyo, romelic axla aRar arsebobs). ra ewodeba adgils, sadac adre qalaqi iyo? (na-qalaq-ar-i _ wers am sityvas dafaze), sadac adre venaxi iyo? (na-venax-ar -i), sadac saxli iyo? (na-saxl-ar-i). sxva amgvar sityvebsac xom ar gaixsenebT? SevadginoT winadadebebi am sityvebis gamoyenebiT.
b) dialeqtizmebze dakvirveba:_ sad xdeba teqstSi aRwerili ambavi? sad cxovrobs zurab qarTvelaZe?
(kaxeTSi). saqarTvelos romeli kuTxidan aris magdani? (qarTlidan). saqarTvelos romel kuTxeebs daasaxelebT kidev? ra enaze saubroben am kuTxis macxovreblebi? (qarTulad). Tu aris gansxvaveba saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxis macxovrebelTa saubarSi? (aris). sad, saqarTvelos romel kuTxeSi iyeneben sityvebs: dideda? Bbabo? Ppapa? Zalo? (qarTlSi, kaxeTSi...), bJola? Kkvaxi? Kkvati?.. (imereTSi, guriaSi...).
eZleva daskvna: kuTxur metyvelebas dialeqti hqvia. Bbabo, bJola, kvaxi, kvati... dialeqturi formebia.
Mmaswavlebeli aqve avarjiSebs klass dialeqturi formebis saliteraturo qarTulis formebiT Canacvlebaze. sruldeba davaleba #5.
_teqstSi naxsenebi arian lekebic. maTac sakuTari ena aqvT. sad aris gavrcelebuli lekuri ena? (daRestanSi).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis: lekuri (lezgiuri) ena, mTis iberiulkavkasiur enaTa daRestnis jgufis axaldamwerlobiani ena. Ggavrcelebulia daRestnis a/r samxreTaRmosavleT nawilSi da agreTve Aazerbaijanis zogierT sofelSi. Aam enaze laparakobs daaxloebiT 110 aTasi
kaci.
Aaqtivoba 4 _ Sejameba (8 wuTi):moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges am gakveTilze axali (miiRes informacia
qarTvelebisa da lekebis istoriuli urTierTobis Sesaxeb; daRestnisa da lekuri/lezgiuri enis Sesaxeb; aRweres sakuTari qalaqi/sofeli, gaiges, ra mimarTebaa saliteraturo enasa da dialeqtebs Soris...). aqve Sedgeba sqemac:
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aqtivoba 5 _ Sefaseba (3 wuTi):gakveTilis bolos, maswavlebeli klasTan erTad afasebs ramdenime moswav
les. Aaqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wuTi):`iavnanam ra hqmna?!~ pirveli sami Tavi TxrobiT, dasawerad: davaleba #3 _
gadmoeci werilobiT II Tavis Sinaarsi.
Sedegebis kodi:
Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavle:
V. 1. _ svams kiTxvebs mosmenili teqstis ukeT gasaazreblad / ama Tu im sakiTxis dasazusteblad; gamoxatavs sakuTar damokidebulebas teqstSi gadmocemuli faqtebis mimarT (dadebiTad / uaryofiTad vafaseb; aRmafrTovana / aRmaSfoTa da sxv.);
warmoaCens nawarmoebis personaJs sxvadasxva kuTxiT (miuTiTebs mis rogorc dadebiT, aseve uaryofiT Tvisebebze).
V. 2. _ jgufTan erTad amzadebs zepir gamosvlas: damoukideblad daamuSavebs Temis erTerT nawils, mopovebul masalas da SemuSavebul Tvalsazriss gaacnobs da SeuTanxmebs jgufis wevrebs; iTvaliswinebs da gamoxatavs Tanagundelebis saerTo azrs;
qarT. V.5._ jgufTan erTad irCevs sakamaTo Temas; gansazRvravs diskusiis wesebs: reglaments, rigiTobas, etikets; icavs koreqtulobas da a. S.; mosmenisas CainiSnavs sayrden sityvebs, sayrden frazebs; mosmenisas amoicnobs diskusiaSi gamoTqmul Tvalsazriss da CainiSnavs;
V. 6. moswavles gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi.
ra vicodi lekebis Sesaxeb
ra gavige risi gagebamainteresebs
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V. 9 asaxelebs nawarmoebis Temas; avlebs paralels Tematurad msgavs nawarmoebebTan; msjelobs misTvis saintereso sakiTxebis Sesaxeb da gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias; amoicnobs da asaxelebs martiv mxatvrul simboloebs.
V. 11. moswavles SeuZlia kiTxvis sxvadasxva strategiis gamoyeneba teqstis ukeT gaazrebis mizniT.
V. 12. werisas aqcents akeTebs mTavar da arsebiT momentebze; TanamimdevrobiT gadmoscems faqtebsa da movlenebs;
V. 14. teqstis Seqmnisas iTvaliswinebs saliteraturo qarTuli enis normebs da akeTebs koreqturas.
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aleqsandre yazbegis ,,ganaTlebuli mwyemsi~ (amonaridi ,,namwyemsaris mogonebebidan~, krebiTi saxeli da masTan dakavSirebuli marTlweris sakiTxebi, sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba, frazeologizmebi _ 2 sTY
miznebi_ zepiri teqstis ageba mocemul Temaze_ literaturuli teqstis kiTxva da analizi_kiTxvisa da weris martivi strategiebis daufleba_teqstis monakveTebad dayofa da dasaTaureba_gabmul Txrobaze muSaoba_werilobiT Txzulebaze muSaoba,naweris koreqtireba_moTxrobis gagrZelebaze muSaoba_ krebiTi saxelis gamoyenebaze dakvirveba_ martivi stiluri Cvevebis formireba
I gakveTili
Aaqtivoba 1 _ zepiri teqstis ageba da prezentacia(7 wT.): maswavlebeli cdilobs mobilizeba gaukeTos moswavleebs. saanalizod aZ
levs muxran maWavarianis erTerTi cnobili leqsidan Semdeg frazas: ,,ena ar gawyens arc erTi, unda icode ramdenic~. klass yofs sam jgufad. avalebs gaiazron frazis mniSvneloba, Seadginon teqsti zepiri gamosvlisaTvis da moaxdinon misi prezentacia. samuSaod micemuli aqvT 4 wT. wammzomis zarze moswavleebi wyve ten muSaobas da klass warudgenen zepiri teqstis sakuTar versias. afaseben da avseben erTmaneTis pasuxebs, saubroben ucxo enebis swavlebis mniSvnelobaze, asaxeleben faqtebs, asabuTeben sakuTar mosazrebas.
aq maswavlebeli klasis yuradRebas amaxvilebs iakob gogebaSvilis sityvebze:
D`mxolod mters SeuZlia urCios qarTvelebs: SeaqcieT zurgi ucxo enebs da darCiT marto dedaenis amarao... iswavleT, rac SeiZleba Rrmad da zedmi-wevniT evropuli enebi, magram arasdros ar daiviwyoT, rom yoveli evropeli jer safuZvlianad iTvisebs Tavis mSobliur enas da Semdeg Seudgeba ucxo enebis Seswavlas~. A
am sityvebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen Cveni saukeTeso mwerlebi da mamuliSvilebi, romlebic mSobliur enasTan erTad SesaniSnavad flobdnen ucxo enebsac. ase iyo aleqsandre yazbegis cxovrebaSic, romelsac moswavleTa garkveuli nawili ukve icnobs g. SatberaSvilis moTxrobidan `moCxubariZe~ (es teqsti Setanili gvaqvs IV klasis saxelmZRvaneloSi).
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Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva (12 wT.):Mmaswavlebeli kiTxulobs teqstis pirvel abzacs,kiTxvas ganagrZobs kiTx
vaSi gawafuli sami moswavle (TiTo moswavle TiTo abzacs kiTxulobs). ganmeorebiTi, nawilnawil kiTxvis dros moswavleTa mier daiZebneba da maTive monawileobiT aixsneba ucnobi sityvebi da gamoTqmebi. Ggamoiyeneben saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul ,,sityvis salaros~, aixsneba agreTve gamoTqmebi: damtvreuli rusuli _cudi rusuliT saubari; cxvari... Sevfine mTaze_ cxvris fara mTaze gavuSvi; gaSterebiT wamoiZaxa _ gaocebulma wamoiZaxa; momwadda xumroba _ gaxumrebis survili dameufla, gaxumreba mominda; Tavi momawyines ybedobiT_mombezrda maTTan tyuilubralo saubari; orive gamomesalma_ orive damem Svidoba...
tardeba gamokrebiTi kiTxva. Mmaswavleblis mier dasmuli pirveli donis kiTxvebis pasuxebs moswavleebi saxelmZRvaneloSi amoikiTxaven:
_ ratom gadawyvita mweralma mecxvareoba? riT xsnis igi Tavis gadawyvetilebas? waikiTxeT teqstidan saTanado adgili (,,gadavwyvite mecxvareoba dame-wyo da am xelobis SemweobiT momevlo mTa da bari, gamecno xalxi da gamomeca-da is SiSiT da siamovnebiT savse cxovreba, romelic mwyemss ganumeoreblad Tan sdevs~).
_ riT gaaoca man stumrebi? riT axsna man frangulis codna? (man stumrebi frangulis codniT gaaoca, man es ase axsna: ,,CvenSi mwyemsebi TiTqmis yvela-ni laparakoben frangulad... me sxva adgilebSi viyavi mojamagired, amitom cota gadamaviwyda, Torem sxvebs verc ki gamoarCevT frangebisagano~).
_ ra warmodgenis iyvnen ucxoelebi mTielebze? SeZlo Tu ara mweralma maTi azris Secvala? (qarTvel mTielebze ucxoelebis warmodgena arcTu sa-xarbielo iyo; miaCndaT, rom isini imdenad gaunaTlebeli adamianebi iyvnen, aTamde Zlivs iTvlidnen. Mmweralma maTi Sexeduleba am sakiTxze mTlianad Secvala).
_ romeli saukunis ambavia aRwerili teqstSi? ra miniSnebaa amis Sesaxeb?Tqveni azriT, ratom ar uTiTebs mwerali zustad wels? (teqstSi XIX sau-
kunis ambavia aRwerili, miniSnebulia ,,18..~, mwerali zust wels ar migvi-TiTebs, radgan amas am teqstSi moTxrobili ambisTvis arsebiTi mniSvneloba ar aqvs, 1870 wlis Semdeg igi 8 wliT wavida mwyemsad).
Aaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Cumi kiTxva da gegmis Sedgena (9 wT.): Mmoswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben Cumad, yofen calkeul nawilebad da asa
Taureben (moswavlis rveuli, davaleba #2):
1. mwerlis moulodneli gadawyvetileba;2. ori ucxoelis stumroba;3. frangulad molaparake mwyemsi;4. gaocebuli stumrebi;5. ucnauri tyuili;
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(gegmis SedgenaSi monawileobs mTeli klasi, dasaxeldeba TiToeuli monakveTis ramdenime saTauri da SearCeven ukeTess).
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (9 wT.): Ma) sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba _moswavleebi akvirdebian vin mogviTxrobs
teqstSi aRweril ambavs (mwerali aleqsandre yazbegi), vis uyveba (mkiTxvels), vis Sesaxeb hyveba (sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb), romel pirSia Txroba (I pirSi); moswavleebi Seecdebian gadmoscen mwerlis naambobi III piris formebiT.
b) krebiTi saxeli _ukvirdebian saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemul davalebas: cxenebis rema irmis jogicxvris fara Txis arvemglis xrova
_ ramden sagans aRniSnavs es sityvebi: rema, fara, jogi, arve, xrova?
eZleva ganmarteba _arsebiTi saxeli, romelic aRniSnavs erTgvar sa-ganTa krebuls, _ krebiTi saxelia. aseTebia:FlaSqari, xalxi, jari... krebiT saxels zmna mxolobiTi ricxvis formiT Seewyoba.
aqtivoba 5 _Sejameba (3 wT.):moswavleebi ajameben,ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze (gaiges vin iyo aleqsan-
dre yazbegi, sad da rodis moRvaweobda, rogori ganaTleba hqonda mas miRe-buli, rogor SeZlo misma frangulma Zireulad Seecvala uc xoelTa qedmaR-luri damokidebuleba Cveni xalxis mimarT...).
aqtivoba 6 _Sefaseba (3 wT.): gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli klasTan erTad afasebs ramdenime moswav
les. Sefasebisas aucileblad iTvaliswinebs Semdeg parametrebs:
a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 7_saSinao davaleba (2 wT.):`ganaTlebul mwyemsSi~ moiniSnon is adgili, romelmac yvelaze metad
daafiqraT; weriTi davaleba #4 _ gadmoeci teqstis Sinaarsi III piris formiT.
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II gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis Sefaseba(4-5 wT.):gakveTils viwyebT wina dRes micemuli davalebis (moiniSnon teqstSi is ad-
gili, romelmac yvelaze metad daafiqraT) irgvliv msjelobiT. Mmaswavlebeli im moswavleebs asaubrebs, romelTac gansxvavebuli adgilebi aqvT moniSnuli. moswavleebi gadmoscemen, Tu ratom daafiqraT im adgilma, rogori gunebaganwyoba SeeqmnaT misi wakiTxvis dros. isini Seavseben erTmaneTis pasuxebs. aseve mowmdeba weriTi davalebac.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema (10 wT.): moswavleebi teqstis Sinaarss gadmoscemen jer maswavleblis damxmare kiTx
vebis saSualebiT:
_ rodis moxda TxzulebaSi aRwerili ambavi?( XIX saukuneSi). saidan Cans es? ( teqstis dasawyisSi naTqvamia: ,,18...~ wels wavedi cxvarSio~). raSi dasWirda fufunebaSi aRzrdil ymawvilkacs mecxvareoba? (mas sakuTari Tavis gamoc-da undoda, aki ambobs kidec: ,,me 18... welsa Ggadavwyvite mecxvareoba damewyo da am xelobis SemweobiT momevlo mTa da bari, gamecno xalxi da gamomecada is SiSiT da siamovnebiT savse cxovreba, romelic mwyemss ganumeoreblad Tan sdevs) . ratom moatyua yazbegma frangi da ingliseli mogzaurebi? rogor Sefasebas aZelevT am tyuils? (Tavi daimdabla, TiTqos ubralo mecxvare iyo da amiT mTiel kacze maRali warmodgena Seuqmna Tavdajerebul evropelebs _misi tyuili gamarTlebulia, is maRal mizans emsaxureba), ratom ar aiRo SeTavazebuli fuli yazbegma da rogor gesmiT misi aseTi saqcieli? (ar aiRo SeTavazebuli fuli imitom, rom es mis Rirsebas Seuracxyofda, erTi maneTis safasurad mTielebis problemebze saubari da ucxoelTa TavSesaqcevad maT sadgomSi misvla ar yofila moCxubariZis mizani, tyuilad ar ambobs mwerali ,,karga laparakis Semdeg, rodesac isinic moiRalnen da mec Tavi momawyines ybedobiT...~ _am ukanaskneli sityviT Tavis ganwyobas gamoxatavs); ris Tqma unda mwerals, ra aris am nawarmoebis dedaazri? (mwerals am nawarmoebiT imis Tqma unda, rom ucxo enebis codna adamians aZlevs saSualebas ufro da ufro met adamians icnobdes, amyarebdes maTTan karg urTierTobebs, acnobdes maT Tavis samSoblos da amayad dgebodes sxva ganviTarebul erovnebaTa rigSi. am nawarmoebis dedaazri emTxveva Zvel gamonaTqvams _ ,,ramdeni enac ici, im-deni kaci xar~).
Mmoswavleebi adre Sedgenili gegmis mixedviT teqstis Sinaarss gadmoscemen gabmuli TxrobiT.
aqtivoba 3 _teqstis gaazreba (7 wT.):_ ram gadaawyvetina aleqsandre yazbegs mTaSi ubralo mecxvared wasvla?
riT axsna man Tavisi es gadawyvetileba? (mas surda gaecno ubralo xalxis yofa, ecxovra misi cxovrebiT, yofiliyo maTTan axlos, gamoecada maTi gaWirve-ba).
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_ rogor fiqrobT, ras miscemda momaval mwerals mecxvareebTan aseTi daaxloeba? (albaT, momavalSi maT cxovrebas ufro zustad aRwerda).
_ yazbegis ra Tviseba Cans am nawarmoebSi? (Tavmdabloba, Sromismoyvare-oba, sakuTari xalxisa da qveynis siyvaruli, iumoris grZnoba...).
_ rogori warmodgena dagrCaT inglisel da frang mogzaurebze? (isi-ni amayi erebis Svilebi arian, romlebic ucxo qveynis adamianebs mxolod garegnuli ieriT afaseben da ar cdiloben am qveynebis kulturas ufro Rrmad Caswvdnen da aRmoaCinon suliT mdidari adamianebi).
_ ratom ambobs tyuils mwerali (,,CvenSi mwyemsebi TiTqmis yvelani laparakoben frangulad... me sxva adgilebSi viyavi mojamagired, amitom cota gadamaviwyda, Torem sxvebs verc ki gamoarCevT frangebisagan~) da Tu ar zaraldeba am tyuiliT vinme, ra hqvia aseT tyuils? (uwyinari ). ra Sefasebas aZlevT a. yazbegis saqciels?.. aqve sruldeba davaleba #1 _ daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
aqtivoba 4 _ moTxrobis gagrZelebaze muSaoba (5-6 wT.): maswavlebeli svams kiTxvas: Seasrulebda Tu ara ganaTlebuli mwyemsi da
napirebs da mividoda Tu ara sastumroSi ucxoelebTan? (zogis azriT, mwyemsi mividoda ucxoelebTan sastumroSi da ufro met Tanxas moiTxovda, vidre manamade SesTavazes; zogis azriT_ar mividoda, ar daimcirebda Tavs amay ucxoelebTan; zogis azriT ki_ mividoda, uambobda Tavisi qveynis Sesaxeb usasyidlod da uangarod, riTac kidev erTxel gaaocebda angariSian evro-pelebs. am dros moqmedebs principi – yvelas azri sayuradReboa. mTavaria, moswavleebma SeZlon sakuTari azris dasabuTeba). Ees savarjiSo SeiZleba Sesruldes jgufurad.
aqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (10 wT):a) sinonimebze muSaoba (terminis gareSe): moZebnon teqstSi msgavsi Sinaarsis formebi Semdegi sityvebisaTvis:
moindomes _ (moiwadines)uswavleli _ (gaunaTlebeli)gaoceba – (gaStereba)saubroben _ (laparakoben)gamomemSvidoba _ (gamomesalma) b) frazeologizmebze muSaoba (10 wT): ras niSnavs:enis gatexa _(laparakSi gawafva)enis damokleba _(gaCumeba )enis dabma _(xmis ver amoReba)enis ayola _( naTqvamis, Woris dajereba )enis mofxana _( laparakiT gulis mojereba )enis moTaflva_ ( tkbilad dawyeba laparakis )
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pirSi wylis dagubeba _ (gaCumeba)pirSi Calis gamovleba _(motyueba, gawbileba)pirSi mixla _ (uxeSad, ukmexad Tqma)piris Sekvra _ (SekavSireba, SeTanxmeba)
es frazeologizmebi SeiZleba areulad CamovweroT baraTebze da davurigoT moswavleebs miTiTebiT: SeaerTon isrebiT saTanado ganmartebebTan. SeiZleba am frazeologizmebis gamoyenebiT vavarjiSoT winadadebebis Sedgenazec.
g) Sejameba (3 wT):moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze.
d) Sefaseba (3 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs : a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo
ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25% .
saSinao davaleba (2 wT):teqsti TxrobiT, davaleba # 2.
Sedegebis kodi:
Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavle V.1. ismens sxvadasxva xasiaTis sainformacio teqstebs da erTmaneTisagan
ganarCevs faqtebsa da damokidebulebebs (Sefasebebs); svams kiTxvebs mosmenili teqstis ukeT gasaazreblad / ama Tu im sakiTxis
dasazusteblad; gamoxatavs sakuTar damokidebulebas sainformacio teqstebSi gadmocemu
li faqtebis mimarT (dadebiTad / uaryofiTad vafaseb; aRmafrTovana / aRmaSfoTa da sxv.);
V.2. moswavles SeuZlia jgufuri da individualuri sakomunikacio amocanebis ganxorcieleba.
V.3. moswavles SeuZlia enobrivgramatikuli formebis aRqma da marTebulad gamoyeneba Sesabamis sametyvelo situaciebSi.
V.4. ismens mxatvrul nawarmoebs (moTxrobas) da gamoxatavs sakuTar emociebsa da STabeWdilebebs;
monawileobs literaturuli nawarmoebis Sesaxeb gamarTul diskusiaSi, gamoxatavs sakuTar damokidebulebas ama Tu im personaJis mimarT;
asaxelebs sxvadasxva TvalsazrisiT misTvis saintereso adgilebs teqstidan.
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V. 6. moswavles gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi.
V. 9. moswavles aqvs wakiTxuli mxatvruli teqstis interpretaciis sawyisi unari.
V. 12. moswavles SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna. V. 14. teqstis Seqmnisas iTvaliswinebs saliteraturo qarTulis normebs da
akeTebs koreqturas.
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galaktion tabiZis `himni qarTul anbans~, informacia qarTuli anbanis Sesaxeb
miznebi_ poeturi teqstis aRqma_ moswavleebSi faseulobiTi Rirebulebebis Camoyalibeba_ gamometyvelebiTi kiTxvis Cvevis daufleba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ qarTuli anbanis Sesaxeb mokle saganmanaTleblo informaciis miwodeba_ codnis Sejameba _ ra vicodi qarTuli anabanis Sesaxeb, ra gavige, ris
gageba mainteresebs_ mokle aRweriTi teqstis Semqna mocemul Temaze (qarTuli anbani).
teqstze muSaoba
Aaqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba: klasi iyofa sam jgufad, TiToeul jgufs eZleva davaleba _ gaixsenon, ra ician qarTuli anbanis Sesaxeb da isaubron am sakiTxis irgvliv. (SeniSvna _ SeiZleba moswavleebs winaswar davavaloT moemzadon am sakiTxze msjelobisaTvis: gaixsenon, ra iswavles am sakiTxze wina klasebSi, moiZion saTana
do informacia, am mizniT gamoiyenon interneti, biblioTeka, hkiTxon amis Sesaxeb ufrosebs...). codnis prezentacia da Sefaseba xdeba klasSi. Mმaswavlebeli awvdis saWiro damatebiT informaciasac. SeiZleba Sedges `gonebrivi ieriSis~ rukac, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
qarTulianbani
Zalian Zveliagansxvavdeba yvela sxva CvenTvis
cnobili anbanisagan
aris 33 asoqarTuli anbanis saxelmZRvaneloa
`dedaena~
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis: enaSi asoebi dalagebulia garkveuli TanmimdevrobiT, romelic tradiciulad aris damkvidrebuli. garkveuli TanmimdevrobiT dalage-
bul yvela asos anbani hqvia.
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Tanamedrove qarTulSi 33 bgeraa, yovel bgeras Tavisi pirobiTi niSani _ aso _ aqvs. es asoebi sakmaod srulyofilad asaxavs Tanamedrove qarTuli enis bgeriT Sedgenilobas.
qarTuli anbanis Taviseburebani:a) zogierT enaSi erT asos xSirad ramdenime mniSvneloba aqvs (Sdr: rusuli, inglisuri...),
qarTulSi ki yvela asos Cveulebriv erTi bgeriTi mniSvneloba aqvs;b) zogierT enaSi erTi da igive bgera SeiZleba gadmoices sxvadasxva aso Ti (Sdr: rusuli,
inglisuri...), qarTulSi ki TiTo bgera TiTo asos gamoxatavs;g)zogierT enaSi (mag., rusulSi) sametyvelo bgeris gamomxatveli niSnebis (asoebis) garda,
gvaqvs sxva daniSnulebis niSnebic (ы da ь), pirveli gamyofi niSania, meore win mdgomi Tanxmovnis silbos aRmniSvneli. qarTul anbanSi ki yvela aso sametyvelo bgeris gamomxatvelia;
d) indoevropul enebSi didi (asomTavruli) da patara asoebis gamoyenebis garkveuli wesebia SemuSavebuli, Tanamedrove qarTulSi ki amgvari garCeva ara gvaqvs;
e) erTmaneTisagan didad ar ganirCeva qarTuli beWduri da xelnaweri asoebic, gamonakli
sia ramdenime aso: l, r, o, d, j , u, romelTac xelnaweri alternatiuli variantebic gaaCniaT.qarTuli damwerlobis ganviTarebaSi pirobiTad gamoyofen sam safexurs: mrglovani,
nusxuri, mxedruli. VIX saukuneebSi ZiriTadad gavrcelebuli iyo mrglovani, anu asomTavruli; XXI saukuneebSi igi Secvala nusxurma, xolo XI saukunidan Caisaxa mxe druli, romelic TandaTanobiT Seicvala da sabolood miiRo is saxe, romelic mas aqvs dRes.
XVIII saukunidan ricxvebis gamosaxatavad qarTulSi asoebi iyo gamoyenebuli: anbanis pirveli cxra aso erTeulebs aRniSnavda, meore cxra _ aTeulebs, mesame aseulebs, meoTxe ki _ aTaseulebs.
am mizniT gamoyenebuli iyo mTeli anbani. mogvianebiT man adgili dauTmo arabul cifrebs.
Zvel qarTul anbanSi (VX) 38 aso iyo, (amaTgan 33 im bgerebs gamoxatavda, romelic saliteraturo qarTulSi dResac gvaqvs), dRevandeli qarTuli abanisgan gansxvavebiT aq gvxvdeboda
Semdegi asoebi: _ H Y K P O (ei, iota, vie, xari, hoe); SemdegSi ki maTi raodenoba 40mde avida,
XVIII saukunisTvis daemata umarcvlo u da fi (u da ф). qarTuli anbanis gamartivebis saqmeSi didi Rvawli miuZRvis ilia WavWavaZes, swored man aRar ixmara Tavis cnobil kritikul statiaSi `ramdenime sityva revaz Salvas Ze erisTavis mier kazlovidgan `SeSlilis~ Targmna zeda~ es niSnebi
_ H Y K P O u (ei, iota, vie, xari, hoe, umarcvlo u). `es asoebi _ wers ilia, _ sul aRar ixmarebian dRevandels enaSi... tyuilad agrZeleben anabans, aZneleben marTlweras da sxva arafers ar SegvZineben. Tu marTla es asoebi ar ismis dRevandels enaSi, ratom ar unda gada agdon? Semsubuqeba da gaadvileba marTlwerisa da anbanis gana cota saqmea?~(l. kvaWaZe, qarTuli ena,1981, gv. 80 89).
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aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva:teqsts Tavidan bolomde gamometyvelebiT kiTxulobs maswavlebeli. ganme
orebiT kiTxuloben moswavleebi; gzadagza, kiTxvis procesSi, aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, risTvisac iyeneben `sityvis salaros~. garda aq ax snili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavleebisaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi sityvebi:
gvinaT _ gvinaTebsiZvelis gmosavs neli xavsi _ Zalian Zveli xar (Sdr. frazeologizmi _
xavsi moekida)qvaze Wrili _ qvaze amoWrili (uZvelesi warwerebi_ bolnisis, mcxeTis,
nekresis... swored qvazea amoWrili)siaxle gaqvs orbis _ marad axali da Zlieri xar...
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis analizi: gairkveva, leqsis mixedviT, rodis Seiqmna qarTuli anbani (leqsi dawerilia XX saukuneSi, `26 saukunis winaT~ ki gulisxmobs Cvens welTaRricxvamde VI ss).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis: `qarTlis cxovreba~ qarTuli mwignobrobis SemomRebad miiCnevs mefe farnavazs, romelic Cv. welTaRricxvamde IVIII saukuneebSi mefobda. zogi mkvlevari (r. patariZe) qarTuli anbanis SemoRebas swored am periods ukavSirebs, akad. i. javaxiSvili ki SesaZleblad miiCnevs am TariRis gadatanas ufro Sors _VIIIVII sSi Cv. welTaRricxvamde. (iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli paleografia, 1949 w. gv. 2025). uTuod iv. javaxiSvilis es mosazreba hqon
da mxedvelobaSi g. tabiZes, roca am leqss werda: `amoenTe brwyinvad ocdaeqvsi saukunis winaT~.
_ ras adarebs poeti qarTul anbans? _ mzes, romelic yvelasaTvis Tanabrad anaTebs (`marad mzeebr gvinaT~), Tvalis Cins, romelic yvelaferze Zvirfasia adamianisaTvis (Sdr. Tvalis Cini _ Zvirfasi, metad sayvareli, unaklo, yvelafriT sruli, gasafrTxilebeli. am TqmiT CvenTvis yvelaze sayvarel arsebas /nivTs/ vadarebT Cveni mxedvelobis organos _ Tvals, romliTac Cven vWvretT Cvens garSemo yvelafers da romlis gareSe Cveni sicocxlis Rirebuleba ganaxevrebuli iqneboda, yvelafers fasi daekargeboda. T. saxokia, qarTuli xatovani sityvaTqmani, 1979, gv. 263264); orbs gareul frinvels, romelic gamoirCeva siZlieriTa da sicocxlisunarianobiT; verxvis Srials (`es Sriali iyo mraval verxvis~)….
_ moZebneT leqsSi is striqonebi, romlebiTac poeti qarTuli anbanis siZveleze migvaniSnebs (`amoenTe 26 saukunis winaT~, `Sen siZvelis gmosavs neli xavsi~, `ase iyav savse ocdaeqvsi saukunis winaT~).
_ leqsSi poeturi miniSnebaa `vefxistyaosnisa~ da SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb. moZebneT da waikiTxeT es striqonebi (`SeniT mRerda momRerali vefxvis, udareblad mcodne leqsis xerxis~).
_ ra SeityveT axali am leqsidan qarTuli anbanis Sesaxeb? (qarTul anbans 26 saukunis istoria aqvs).
A
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aqtivoba 4 _ Zveli qarTuli anbanis gacnoba: maswavlebeli klass esaubreba qarTuli anbanis ganviTarebis safexurebze mokled da martivad, am dros iyenebs saTanado tabulas. Tu moswavleTa survili iqneba, SeiZleba zogierTi asos moxazuloba daizepiron kidec, daweron sakuTari da megobrebis saxelebi mrglovani anbanis gamoyenebiT.
aqtivoba 5 _ ra vicodi qarTuli anbanis Sesaxeb, ra gavige, ris gageba mainteresebs (es aqtivoba SeiZleba Sesruldes wyvilebSi).
A
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SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosani~ _ TinaTinis gamefeba (SemoklebiT)
miznebi_ teqstis kiTxva da analizi_poeturi teqstis aRqma_ teqstis gaSinaarseba_ Zveli qarTuli enis formebze dakvirveba da analizi (martivad)_ aforistul gamoTqmebze dakvirveba da maTi analizi_ teqstis ageba_ literaturuli personaJis martivad daxasiaTeba_ Seswavlili teqstis mixedviT cocxali suraTebis warmodgena
teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ provocireba:maswavlebeli dafaze wers SoTa rusTavelis ramdenime aforizms (maTi
erTi nawili moswavleebisaTvis nacnobia wina klasebidan):`vin moyvaresa ar eZebs, igi Tavisa mteria~,`gvelsa xvreliT amoiyvans ena tkbilad moubari~,`lekvi lomisa sworia Zu iyos, Tunda xvadia~,`borotsa sZlia keTilman, arseba misi grZelia~...moswavleTa mier gairkveva, vis ekuTvnis es sityvebi, ra azria maTSi Cadeb
uli, ras ewodeba aforizmi, Tu gaixseneben sxva aforizmebsac SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosnidan~, ra ician SoTa rusTavelisa da misi poemis Sesaxeb...
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva: teqsts maswavlebeli kiTxulobs nawilnawil,
nela, gamometyvelebiT; gzadagza xsnis gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs da moswavleTaTvis gasagebi eniT aSinaarsebs maT (SeniSvna: Cven kategoriulad winaaRmdegni varT `vefxistyaosnis~ teqstis amgvari gaSinaarsebisa ufros klasebSi, magram vinaidan mexuTeklasel moswavleebs faqtobrivad pirvelad uxdebaT Zveli/saSuali qarTuli enis normebTan Se xeba da maTTvis bevri ram gaugebari iqneba, am etapze es dasaSvebad migvaCnia, Tumca maswavlebels SeuZlia ar gaiziaros Cveni es Sexeduleba _ n.m.):
1. arabeTSi mefobda rostevani, bednieri (`sviani~), Zlieri da amayi (`maRali~), RvTismoSiSi (`mdabali~), uricxvi ymisa (`ymiani~) da laSqris patroni (`laSqarmravali~). samarTliani (`mosamarTle~, `gangebiani~) da yo velTvis gamarjvebuli (`morWmuli~) mefe rostevani amave dros sworupovari, Seudarebeli (`uebro~) meomari da metad kargi mosaubre (`moubari wyliani~) iyo.
2. rostevans mxolod erTaderTi asuli hyavda, romelic silamaziT mnaTobebs (`mzis dass~) aWarbebda; mnaxvelebs (`misTa mWvretTa~) guls, gonebasa da suls warstacebda xolme mefis asulis ubadlo mSveneba. misi silamazis srulad aRwera mxolod enawylian (`enad bevrad asul~) brZens Tu SeeZlo.
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3. rostevanma vezirebs uTxra: `me davberdi, sibere yvela Wirze uaresia, dRes Tu xval movkvdebi, asea qveyana mowyobili, sinaTles yovelTvis sibnelec axlavs, amitom ajobebs Cemi Svili (`Ze~) gavamefoT.~
4. ̀ Tumca Seni Svili qalia, magram isic RmerTisgan mefed aris dabadebuli, ar gepirferebiT (`gaTnevT~), man icis mefoba da amitomac uTqvenodac gviTqvams Tanxmoba (`dia~) mis gamefebaze; misi saqme misi silamazis Tanasworia. lomis lekvi yvela Tanasworia, miuxedavad imisa, xvadia is Tu Zu, _ moaxsenes vezirebma.
5. arabeTSi gasca brZaneba rostevanma TinaTinis gamefebis Sesaxeb: ̀ is mzesaviT gaanaTebs yvelafers (`man gananaTlnes yoveli~); modiT da naxeT yvela maqebarma (`Semsxmelman da Semamkobelman~).~
6. sruliad arabeTma moiyara Tavi zeimze. mravali didebuli movida (`jari gamravlda xasisa~), mravalricxovani (`bevr aTasi~) laSqaric aq iyo da misi mxedarTmTavari (`spaspeti~) avTandilic. aq iyo sogratic mefis didebulTa TanxlebiT (`moaxle mefisa dasTa dasisa~). vazirma sogratma da avTandilma TinaTinisaTvis uZvirfasesi (`fasis urqmeli~) samefo taxti (`sajdomi~) dadges.
7. gaxarebulma, saxemcinarma (`piriTa miT naTeliTa~) mamam gamoiyvana TinaTini, dasva samefo taxtze da Tavze gvirgvini daadga, misca skiptra anu samefo kverTxi, Semosa samefo tansacmliT.
8. mefe rostevanma da jarma ukan daixies da ise sces Tayvani axalgamefebul TinaTins, daloces, mefed akurTxes, yoveli mxridan (`sxvagniT sxvaTa~) Seamkes qebiT, Cahberes buks, winwilebis xmiT daitkbes smena, qali ki tiroda da yornis bolosaviT Sav wamwamebs isvelebda cremliT.
9. qals mamis taxtze jdomis Rirsad ar miaCnda Tavi, amitomac (`amad~) tiroda da vardis msgavs pirisaxes (`baRi vardisa~) cremlebiT isvelebda. mama aswavlida, arigebda _ mamas yovelTvis Svili scvlis, mamis saqmis gamgrZelebeli Svilia (`mama yoveli Zisagan iTavseboda~), amis gakeTebamde (`amis qmnamdis~) ver movisvenebdio (`cecxli ar damevseboda~).
10. rostevanma qaliSvils uTxra; `nu stiri, Cemo asulo, kargad moismine Cemi naTqvami: dRes Sen xar arabeTis mefe, Cem mier mefed wodebuli (`xmobili~), dReidan (`aqaTgan~) es samefo SenTvis maqvs mondobili, Sen xar saqmis brZnulad mkeTebeli (`mqmneli~), iyavi wynari da Wkviani.
11. vinaidan mzis Suqi Tanabrad efineba yvelas da yvelafers _ nexvsac da vardsac, Senc nu mogbezrdeba Tanabrad ganikiTxo mdidaric (`didi~) da Raribic (`wvrili~), uxvi urCebsac, aramomxreebsac (`axsnils~) miimxrobs, xolo vinc erTguli hyavda (`eba~), is kvlav erTguli eyoleba; amitomac uxvad gaeci, amiT Sens simdidres araferi moakldeba, radgan zRvas wyali imdeni emateba, ramdenic akldeba.
12. mefeebs siuxve iseve amSvenebs, rogorc edems – alva; uxvs yvela emorCileba, orgulic ki; uxmari, gamouyenebeli nivTi ra sargeblobis momtania?! (`deba ra savargulia~); rasac gascem, is iqneba Seni, rasac ara – is dakargulia.
13. qali brZnulad usmenda mamas da amgvari wvrTna ar hbezrdeboda. mefec
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mReroda da ilxenda. TinaTinis silamaze mzesac ki aRemateboda im dros.
14. amis Semdeg TinaTinma moixmo Tavisi erTguli gamzrdeli da ubrZana, moerTmiaT misTvis ufliswulobaSi dagrovili simdidre. moarTves es saganZuri, romelic uxvad, uangariSod gasca.
15. im dRes TinaTinma yvelaferi daariga, rac ki ufliswulobaSi (`sivaJeSi~) daegrovebina (`mogebulsa~). Raribic (`mcire~) da didebulic aavso simdidriT. mere ganacxada: `me ase mamis darigebisamebr viqcevi, amitom nuravin gabedavs Cemi simdidris (`saWurWlis~) damalvaso~.
16. ubrZana mejinebeTuxucess (`amilaxors~) gamoereka axalgazrda cxenTa da kvicTa jogi, rema da aseve _ gaxednili cxenebi. moasxes sajiniboebidan cxenebi da TinaTinmac uxvad daasaCuqra qveSevrdomni; Zvirfas nivTebs (`lars~) ise itacebda (`xvetdian~) laSqari, rogorc mekobreTa brbo.
maswavleblis Semdeg teqsts nawilnawil kiTxuloben moswavleebi da damoukideblad aSinaarseben mas. am dros SeiZleba gamoviyenoT gamokrebiTi kiTxvac:
_ moZebneT teqstSi is adgili, sadac aRwerilia mefe rostevani;_ moZebneT teqstSi is adgilebi, sadac mwerali TinaTinis silamazes aR
wers;_ moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstidan is adgili, sadac TinaTinis mefed
kurTxevis procesia aRwerili._ moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi: a) mamis darigeba, b) TinaTinis gancdebi
gamefebisas, g) TinaTinis siuxvis damadasturebeli adgilebi...amis Semdeg daismis teqstis Sinaarsze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:_ ra gadawyvita mefe rostevanma? rogor auxsna man vezirebs Tavisi gada
wyvetileba?_ ra upasuxes vezirebma? moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi saTanado adgili._ ra brZaneba gasca axlad gamefebulma TinaTinma?...werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #1 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis gaazreba:
_ ratom ganucxades Tanxmoba vezirebma mefe rostevans qaliSvilis gamefebaze? riT daasabuTes maT TavianTi mosazreba?
_ mefe rostevanis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? _ TinaTinis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? daasabuTeT._ Seswavlili monakveTis mixedviT, imsaxurebda Tu ara TinaTini aseT ndo
bas?_ ratom brZana man Tavisi saufliswulo simdidris darigeba? misi ra Tvise
bebi Cans aqedan?_ davaxasiaToT mefe rostevani da misi qaliSvili Seswavlili monakveTis
mixedviT.
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rostevani
Wkviani qveynis kargi mmarTveli
mediduri
vaJkacuribunebi
kargimama
SorsmWvreteli
keTili uxvi
mamis moyvaruli dapativismcemeli
uxvi
TinaTini
Wkviani axalgazrda
Tavmdabali lamazi
am Tvisebebis mixedviT daxasiaTdeba orive gmiri, amave dros moswavleebs vavalebT _ teqstSi moiZion is adgilebi, romlebSic am Tvisebebzea miniSneba. unda SevniSnoT, rom mozardebs uWirT maT xelT arsebuli informaciis erT cnebaSi moqceva, amitom sWirdebaT maswavleblis daxmareba. am muSaobas SeiZleba mivceT jgufuri aqtivobis saxec _ TiToeul jgufs evaleba isaubros ama Tu im gmiris konkretul Tvisebaze. am mizniT SeiZleba gamoviyenoT `baraTebic~.
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aqve moswavleebs vavalebT – daimaxsovron rostevan mefisa da TinaTinis maxasiaTebeli niSnebi da gaiazron: poemis momdevno nawilebSi, romlebsac isini Semdeg klasebSi Seiswavlian, momavalSic gamoavlenen Tu ara am Tvisebebs es gmirebi, xom ar davinaxavT maT axali kuTxiT? (ix. el. TaboriZe, qarTuli literaturis swavlebis meTodikis saleqcio kursi ganaTlebis fakultetebis studentTaTvis, Tb., 2009 w. gv. 148 )
werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #2 (`moswavlis rveuli~), gmiris daxasiaTebisaTvis winaswar Sedgeba gegma, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
1. vin iyo TinaTini (`sxva Ze ar esva mefesa...~)2. TinaTinis mSveneba (`soflisa mnaTi, mnaTobi...~, `TinaTin mzesa swunob
da...~)3. TinaTini brZeni qalia (`SuqTa misTaebr saqmeca...~, `qali brZnad uWvrets
yovelTa~...)4. TinaTini mamis moyvaruli da pativismcemelia (`ama mamisa swavlasa qali
brZnad moisminebda~...)5. TinaTini Tavmdabalia (`mamisa taxtsa sajdomad Tavi ar eRirseboda~...)6. TinaTini keTili da uxvia (`moarTves, gasca uzomo, uangariSo, ulevi~...)
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
a) aforistul gamoTqmebze dakvirveba: `lekvi lomisa sworia, Zu iyos Tunda xvadia~, `rasaca gascem Senia, rasc ara, dakargulia~, `raRaa igi sinaTle, rasaca axlavs bnelia~... _ gairkveva, sad da ra mizniT iyenebs teqstSi poeti am aforizmebs, ra kavSirSi arian isini teqstis dedaazrTan.
b) arqaizmebze dakvirveba: moswavleebs vyofT jgufebad da vavalebT, moZebnon teqstSi 1010 sityva, romlebic ucxoa dRevandeli qarTuli metyvelebisaTvis da miuweron maT Tanamedrove qarTuli Sesatyvisebi. gamoiyenon am mizniT `sityvis salaro~.
aqtivoba 5 _ cocxali suraTebis warmodgena (klasgareSe RonisZieba):
cocxali suraTebi `vefxistyaosnidan~(fardis win dganan wamyvanebi)
wamyvani: `vefxistyaosani~ XII saukuneSi, Tamaris mefobis dros Seqmna didma SoTa rusTavelma. mas Semdeg, rvaasi wlis manZilze Cveni winaprebi zepirad swavlobdnen poemis striqonebs. bevrma werakiTxvis ucodinarmac ki icoda TiTqmis mTeli `vefxistyaosani~ zepirad. warCinebuli ojaxebi mziTevSi atandnen TavianT qaliSvilebs am SesaniSnavi nawarmoebebis xelnawerebs. axalgazrda vaJebi tarielsa da avTandils hbaZavdnen, gogonebi nestanTinaTinobas cdilobdnen, mefe da karis kacebi rostevansogratobaze debdnen Tavs.
maS ase, daxuWeT Tvalebi da warmoidgineT, rom Soreul warsulSi arabeTis uZLlieres saxelmwifoSi aRmoCndiT.
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suraTi
(ixsneba farda)
`iyo arabeTs rostevan, mefe RmrTisagan sviani,maRali, uxvi, mdabali, laSqarmravali, ymiani,mosamarTle da mowyale, morWmuli, gangebiani,TviT meomari uebro, kvla moubari wyliani.
sxva Ze ar esva mefesa, marT oden marto asuli,soflisa mnaTi mnaTobi, mzisaca dasTa dasuli, man misTa mWvretTa wauRis guli, goneba da suli, brZeni xams misad maqebrad da ena bevrad asuli.misi saxeli TinaTin, ars ese sacodnaria,ra gaizarda, gaivso, mze misgan sawunaria~.
wamyvani: swored misi, Tavisi erTaderTi qaliSvilis gamefeba gadawyvita moxucebulma rostevanma. rostevan mefem brZaneba gasca, arabeTis yoveli kuTxidan Camosuliyo xalxi TinaTinis taxtze asvlis gamo gamarTul zeimze. brZaneba, rasakvirvelia, Sesrulda.
(teqstis kiTxvis paralelurad scenaze viTardeba moqmedeba: mowveul stumrebs ganasaxiereben mexuTeklaseli gogonebi da biWebi. avTandilsa da sograts SemoaqvT taxti, romelzec mefe rostevani svams TinaTins. yvelani Tayvans scemen axlad gamefebul qals).
`Mmovides srulni arabni, jari gamravlda xasisa:avTandil pirmze, spaspeti laSqrisa bevraTasisa,vaziri sograt, moaxle mefisa dasTa dasisa;maT rome dadges sajdomi, Tqves: `urqmelia fasisa!TinaTin mihyavs mamasa piriTa miT naTeliTa,Ddasva da Tavsa gvirgvini dasdga Tavisa xeliTa,Mmisca skiptra da Semosa mefeTa samoseliTa.Qqali brZnad uWvrets yovelTa cnobiTa zemxedveliTa.
ukudges da Tayvanissces mefeman da misTa spaTa,Ddaloces da mefed dasves, qeba uTxres sxvagniT sxvaTa,Bbuksa hkres da winwilani daatkbobdes maTTa xmaTa~.
(farda ixureba)
(SeniSvna: scenari amoRebulia el. TaboriZis dasaxelebuli wignidan).
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akaki wereTlis `amirani~, sakuTar saxelebTan dakavSirebuli marTlwarmoTqmisa da marTlweris sakiTxebi
miznebi:_ poeturi teqstis aRqma_ gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaSi varjiSi_ martivi saganmanaTleblo informaciis miwodeba qarTuli miTologi
idan_ teqstis ageba_ kiTxvis strategiebis daufleba_ weriTi metyvelebis unarCvevaTa formireba_ sakuTar saxelebTan dakavSirebuli marTlwerisa da marTlmetyvelebis
Cvevebis formireba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba/provocireba:poeziis xuTi wuTi _ maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da avalebs gaix
senon qarTvel poetTa leqsebi, romlebic saqarTvelos eZRvneba. imarjvebs is jgufi, romelic ufro met aseT leqss gaixsenebs da amave dros waikiTxavs gamometyvelebiT.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ leqsis kiTxva da analizi:
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:amirani _ qarTuli xalxuri eposis gmiri, ̀ amiranianis~ mTavari personaJi, nadirobis qal
RmerTis _ dalisa _ da ucnobi monadiris Svili. mas oqros kbilebi aqvs da sacrisodena Tvalebi, mglis muxli, 12 uReli xarkameCis Rone da zvavis siswrafe. xalxisaTvis Tavdadebuli gmiri urCobisaTvis (dedamiwaze cecxlis motanisaTvis) RmerTma kavkasionze miajaWva.
uZvelesi cnobebi mijaWvuli amiranis Sesaxeb gvxvdeba berZnul mwerlobaSi, aseve saqarTveloSi mopovebul nivTieri kulturis Zeglebze. gilgameSisa da promeTes msgavsad, amirani sakacobrio mniSvnelobis mxatvruli saxea, romelic daaxloebiT 3 500 wlis win unda iyos Seqmnili. prof. m. Ciqovanis azriT, amiranis saxe qarTvelur tomTa diferencirebamde Seiqmna, igi Tavdapirveli qarTveluri xalxis mier Seqmnili gmiria. M`amiraniani~ qarTuli eposis ganviTarebis winafeodaluri safexuris nawarmoebia. masSi Serwymulia sagmiro da miTologiuri elementebi ise, rom `amiranianma~, rogorc mTlianma mxatvrulma nawarmoebma, Cvenamde sagmiro Tqmulebis saxiT moaRwia.
amirani xalxis mosarCle gmiria, romelic amarcxebs devebs, qajebs, gveleSapebs, ebrZvis Zalmomreobas. TqmulebebSi amirans cisa da Rrublebis gamgebeli pirimze sjida. droTa ganmavlobaSi ambavma da personaJebma cvlileba ganicades; saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrcelebis Semdeg Zvel warmarTul miTologiur epizodebs qristianulic daemata da ase Secvala pirimze qriste RmerTma.
Aamiranis saxes xSirad ukavSireben berZnuli miTebis personaJ promeTes, romelmac RmerTebs cecxli mostaca da adamianebs misi gamoyeneba aswavla, riTac safuZveli daedo kulturul winsvlas: cecxlis meSveobiT adamiani Seudga iaraRebis damzadebas, ganviTarda miwaTmoqmedeba da sxva sameurneo dargebi. RmerTebma saidumloebis gaTqmis gamo promeTe dasajes da kavkasionis qeds miajaWves.
Bbevr rameSi amirani marTlac hgavs promeTes, magram amiranis TqmulebaSi SemoWrilia zRapruli elementebi: masSi gvxvdebian devebi, gveleSapebi; garda amisa, am miTis gviandeli gadamuSavebis mixedviT, amiranis naTlia aris qriste, romelsac ZalRoneSi gamocda moundoma naTlulma, risTvisac daisaja kidec. qarTul cnobierebaSi daviwyebas mieca amiranis mier cecxlis motaceba, samagierod wina planze wamoiwia misma adamianurma Tvisebebma: yovelives daZlevis, aRmasvlis da daumorCileblobis Jinma.
es Tqmuleba Zalze popularuli iyo saqarTveloSi. G Aamiranis Tavgadasavali yvelaze adre XII saukunis mweralma mose xonelma gamoiyena Tavis ̀ amirandarejanianSi~, wminda xalxuri teqste
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bis Cawera ki XIX saukunis pirvel naxevarSi daiwyo. Mmoipoveba uamravi Canaweri. qarTulis garda, mogvepoveba agreTve megrul da svanur enaze Canawerebic.Ppirvelad es Canaweri gamoqveynda 1848 wels Teimuraz batoniSvilis `iveriis istoriaSi~.
PmijaWvuli amiranis saxe Semdeg erovnuli Cagvrisgan xsnis ideas daukavSirda da Taviseburi gamoxatuleba pova literaturasa da xelovnebaSi. Aakakis poeziac amis nimuSia.Aam saxes akakim sruliad axali da Zlieri waxnagi SesZina _ igi saqarTvelos simbolod, dakarguli TavisuflebisaTvis mebrZol raindad aqcia. aseTi gaazreba poetma pirvelad mas `Tornike erisTavSi~ misca. am poemaSi CarTuli qarTvel raindTa simRera damoukidebel leqsadac aRiqmeba. (q s e, t. I, gv. 397; qarTuli xalxuri poeturi Semoqmedeba, t. II, m. Ciqovanis saerTo redaqciiT, Tb. 1968 w; `qarTuli mwerloba~, t. me12, gv. 626, g. alibegaSvili, qarTuli xalxuri poeziis nimuSebi, Tb. 1992 w.).
miTi berZnuli sityvaa da niSnavs Tqmulebas, gadmocemas, andrezs, anderZs. miTi ewodeba fantastikuri Sinaarsis zepir gadmocemas, romelic mxatvrul formebSi gadmogvcems sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis an bunebis ama Tu im movlenas. Mmecnierebas, romelic miTebs Seiswavlis, miTologia ewodeba.
Mmiwis Svilebi _ igulisxmebian qarTvelebi. Zveli berZnebi saqarTvelos georgias, anu miwaTmoqmedTa qveyanas, eZaxdnen. Mmiwis SvilebSi am kuTxis Svilni, anu qarTvelebi, igulisxmebian.
Mmaswavlebeli gamometyvelebiT kiTxulobs leqss Tavidan bolomde. Semdeg akiTxebs moswavleebs rogorc mTlianad, ise nawilnawil. Aaixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi. Ggarda `sityvis salaroSi~ axsnili sityvebisa, gaanalizdeba Semdegi leqsikuri erTeulebi:
wyluli _ WrilobaRvawli _ damsaxurebagmirTagmiri _ uZleveli, daumarcxebeli gmiri
gaanalizdeba, vin iyo amirani, sad iyo mijaWvuli, vin miajaWva igi, ratom; rogoria igi leqsis mixedviT (gmirTagmiri, momTmeni, daumorCilebeli, gamarjvebuli...), rasTan aris is Sedarebuli, ratom; ris imedi aqvs mwerals...
gairkveva, ratom adarebs mwerali amiransa da saqarTvelos erTmaneTs, ra saerTos xedavs maT Soris, vis gulisxmobs igi yvavyornebSi, ratom... ixseneben vaJafSavelas `arwivs~ da avleben maT Soris paralels. Mmoswavleebi varjiSoben leqsis gamometyvelebiT wakiTxvaSi. tardeba gamokrebiTi kiTxvac:
_ moZebneT da waikiTxeT leqsSi is adgili, sadac aRwerilia:a) kavkasiis qedze mijaWvuli amiranis gasaWirib) misi gamZleobag) amiranis gamarjvebad) mwerlis imedi...
aqtivoba 3. wera _ teqstis ageba (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #1).
Aaqtivoba 4. enobriv masalaze dakvirveba.
a) rTuli sityvebis marTlwera:_ romeli rTuli sityvebi gvxvdeba teqstSi? (yvavyorani, gmirTagmiri).
rogor iwereba es sityvebi? ratom? gaixseneT sxva rTuli sityvebi, romlebic iwereba a) defisiT, b) udefisod.
aseTi sityvebis gamoyenebiT Sedgeba winadadebebi da daiwereba dafaze.
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b) sakuTari saxelebis marTlwera:
_ romeli sakuTari saxelebi gvxvdeba teqstSi? romelia aqedan adamianis saxeli?
klasis monawileobiT dafaze abruneben sakuTar saxels `amirani~. yuradReba maxvildeba wodebiTi brunvis formaze; gairkveva, rom adamianis saxeli wodebiT brunvaSi brunvis niSans ar dairTavs; aseve, im faqtze, rom sakuTari saxelebi mravlobiTi ricxvis formiT ar ixmareba.
`moswavlis rveulidan~ sruldeba davaleba #2.
Semdegi masalis: l. sanikiZis `didgoris brZola~, arsebiTi saxelis ric-xvi, TanxmovanfuZian saxelTa bruneba _ dagegmvas mTlianad maswavlebels vandobT.
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iakob gogebaSvilis `Tavdadebuli mRvdeli Tevdore~, zedsarTavi saxeli, sinonimebi
miznebi:
_ aRweriTi teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ kiTxvisa da weris martivi strategiebis daufleba_ gabmuli metyvelebis unarCvevaTa formireba_ martivi sainformacio teqstis ageba_ dialogi istoriul gmirTan_ sakuTari azris Camoyalibeba da dasabuTeba, kritikuli azrovnebis
formireba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ zedsarTavi saxelis semantikaze dakvirveba, maTi dalageba maxasiaTebeli
niSnis zrdadobis mixedviT
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba _ provocireba:
maswavlebeli klass avalebs gaixsnenon, Tu smeniaT rame Tevdore mRvdlis Sesaxeb (savaraudo pasuxi dadebiTia). moswavleTa daxmarebiT TandaTan Seivseba `gonebrivi ieriSis ruka~:
TevdoremRvdeli
cxovrobdame-17 s-Si
qveynisaTvisTavdadebuli
mtkicenebisyofis
moxerxebulida Wkviani
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:luarsab II (15921622) _ qarTlis mefe 16061615 wlebSi, 14 wlisa mefed daamtkica Tbi
lisSi myofma Sahabas Ima uecrad gardacvlili giorgi Xis nacvlad. Mmas iranosmaleTis omSi osmaleTis winaaRmdeg brZola evaleboda. Tavi gamoiCina taSiskaris brZolaSi (1609). 1611 wels colad SeirTo giorgi saakaZis da, romelsac TavadTa moTxovniT maleve gaeyara. Aamas mohyva SeTqmuleba saakaZis winaaRmdeg. Lluarsab IIs coli aRar SeurTavs, Tumca qarTlis samefo taxts pirdapiri memkvidre aRar hyavda. 1612 wels misi da xoreSani colad SeirTo kaxeTis mefem Teimuraz Ima. amiT qarTlsa da kaxeTs Soris Seikra kavSiri, romlis mizanic iyo iranis mosalodneli agresiisagan ganTavisufleba. 1614 wels igi imereTSi gadavida da sxva qarTvel mefeebTan erTad osmaleTs sTxova daxmareba iranis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. 1614 wels Tavisi fexiT eaxla Sahabas Is, raTa qarTli misi Tavdasxmisagan exsna. Sahma igi iranSi waiyvana da gamahmadianeba mosTxova, razedac man sastiki uari ganacxada. amis gamo iq cixeSi gamoamwyvdies, sadac sabliT moaSTves. qarTulma eklesiam wmindanad Seracxa.
Ggiorgi saakaZe (15701629) _ didi mouravi, saqarTvelos gaerTianebisaTvis mebrZoli. misi winaprebi samefo aznaurebi iyvnen. im droisaTvis Sesaferi ganaTleba miiRo, gamoirCeoda
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samxedro saqmis didi codniT, iyo simon Iisa da giorgi Xis TanamebrZoli osmalTa winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. Mmis saxelmwifoebriv niWs gansakuTrebiT didi asparezi mieca luarsab IIis mefobisas. 1608 wlidan iyo Tbilisis, cxinvalisa da dvaleTis mouravi. Mmis mTavar mizans Seadgenda Sinafeodaluri brZolebis alagmva da mefis centraluri xelisuflebis gaZliereba, rac man erTgvarad SeZlo kidec. amanac ganapiroba qarTlis gamarjveba taSiskaris brZolaSi. upirispirdeboda TavadTa mravlricxovan jgufs. misma mowinaaRmdegeebma moaxerxes mefis mimxroba. Tavs man sparseTSi gaqceviT uSvela (1612). 1619 wels Sahabasma igi daniSna qarTlis xanis simon IIis veqilad (rwmunebulad). saqarTveloSi CamosvlisTanave igi Seudga iranis winaaRmdeg ajanyebisaTvis mzadebas. Aam mizniT igi Seurigda Tavis yofil mtrebs, daumoyvrda osmalTa didmo xeles, samcxis aTabagTa Camomavals faradfaSas. Sahabasma 1625 wlis Semodgomaze didi armia gamogzavna saqarTveloSi yorCixaxanis sardlobiT. Mmisi mizani iyo kaxelebis mTliani gaJleta da qarTlelTa iranSi gadasaxleba. Aajanyebulebma saakaZis meTaurobiT TiTqmis mTlianad gawyvites mtris mTavari Zalebi sof. martyofTan, xolo qarTlkaxeTis taxtis mefed moiwvies Teimuraz I. amas male saakaZisa da mefe Teimuraz Iis dapirispireba mohyva, rac bazaleTis brZoliT (1626) damTavrda. Teimurazis damarcxebis SemTxvevaSi saakaZes ganzraxuli hqonda imereTis mefis memkvidris _aleqsandres _ gamefeba, rasac mohyveboda sami samefos _ imereTis, qarTlisa da kaxeTis _gaerTianeba. Aam brZolaSi saakaZe damarcxda da iZulebuli iyo kvlav gadaxvewiliyo, amjerad osmaleTSi. Mmisi mizani iyo osmalTa daxmarebiT sparselTa damarcxeba. Mmagram ver miiRo misgan saTanado daxmareba da kvlav saqarTveloSi apirebda dabrunebas. didi veziris xosrov faSas brZanebiT igi da misi Ze avTandili 40 mxlebelTan erTad Seipyres da sikvdiliT dasajes.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:teqsts moswavleebi kiTxuloben nawilnawil, gzadagza xsnian ucnob si
tyvebsa da gamoTqmebs, garda `sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili sityvebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi leqsikuri erTeulebi:
sparseTi – dRevandeli iraniosmaleTi _ dRevandeli TurqeTiTaTrebi _ saerTo saxelia muslimani Tavdamsxmelebisa, amjerad `TaTreb
Si~ i. gogebaSvili osmalebs (Turqebs) gulisxmobsGgarduvali _ ueWveli, aucilebelijojoxeTis cecxlSi _ aq: did gansacdelSi, did gasaWirSisixaruli SeudgaT _ Zalian gauxardaTTadarigs Seudga _ mzadebas Seudga
MMteqstis analizisaTvis daismis faqtebze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:_romel saukuneSi moxda teqstSi aRwerili ambavi?_saqarTvelos romeli kuTxea masSi aRwerili? ra miniSnebebia amaze teqs
tSi? (geografiuli saxelebi _ manglisi, TrialeTi, cxireTi, kvelTa)._ ratom ar elodnen qarTvelebi mtris gamoCenas?_ ra iyo mtris mizani?_ rogori iyo cxireTisaken mimavali gza?_ sad Seipyres Tevdore?_ ra arCevanis winaSe dadga igi?_ rogor iZia motyuebulma mterma Tevdoreze Suri?_ ra Sedegi gamoiRo Tevdores Tavdadebam?_ ra minaweri aqvs teqsts boloSi? ris Sesaxeb saubrobs aq mwerali? ratom
aRar miiCnevs mwerali Turqebsa da sparselebs mtrebad? romel mtrebze saubrobs igi? ras gvirCevs?..
Aam kiTxvebze pasuxebis gacemisas aqtiurad gamoiyeneba saxelmZRvanelo.
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Aaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema: M moswavleebi erTxel kidev kiTxuloben teqsts, amjerad Cumad, yofen mas
nawilebad da adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:a) saqarTvelo 1609 wlis zafxulSib) mtris moulodneli Tavdasxmag) Mmtris ganzraxva/survili/Canafiqrid) McxireTis gzae) Tevdore mRvdlis Sepyrobav) Tevdore mRvdlis arCevaniz) Mmotyuebuli mteriT) Mmtris SurisZiebai) Tevdores Tavganwirvis nayofi
winaswar Sedgenili gegmis mixedviT gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss jer nawilnawil, Semdeg _ mTlianad. Txrobisas yuradReba maxvildeba ambis logikuri TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemaze, mwerlis leqsikaze, romelic zog SemTxvevaSi maswavleblisgan koreqtirebas moiTxovs.
Aaqtivoba 4 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba:_ Tevdore mRvdlis ra Tvisebebi Cans am teqstSi?_ ra iyo am brZolaSi qarTvelTa gamarjvebis mizezi? (Tevdores Tavdade
ba, giorgi saakaZis winamZRoloba, qarTvelTa Tavganwirva, maTi organizebuloba...).
_ qarTvelTa ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? (mtris siZulvili, brZolisaTvis mzadyofna, samSoblos siyvaruli, vaJkacoba...).
_ Tqveni azriT, ratom gaukeTa mweralma minaweri am moTxrobas? eTanxmebiT mwerlis rCevas? ratom?
_ ra aris am nawarmoebis Tema? (swori pauxia g). ramdenad sworad aqvs teqsts SerCeuli saTauri?
_ Tevdore mRvdelTan gasaubrebis saSualeba rom gqondeT, ra kiTxvebs dausvamdiT mas? (es davaleba sruldeba wyvilebSi).
Aaqtivoba 5 _ martivi sainformacio teqstis ageba: (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2).
teqstis agebisas moswavleebs aucileblad unda mivceT miTiTeba imis Sesaxeb, rom a) igi unda iyos mokle, b) yuradReba gamaxvildes mxolod mTavarsa da arsebiTze, g) faqtebi gadmoices Cveni Sefasebis gareSe (am SemTxvevaSi mtris Tavdasxmis mizanze, Tevdores saqcielze, qarTvelTa gamarjvebaze).
teqsti daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
`1609 wlis zafxulSi osmalebi Tavs daesxnen qarTls mefe luarsabis Sepyrobis mizniT. sofel kvelTis mRvdelma Tevdorem SeZlo mtrisaTvis gzis abneva. Mmotyuebulma mterma mRvdeli saSineli wamebiT mokla. Mmagram Tevdores Tavganwirvam Sedegi gamoiRo. qarTvelebma SeZles gamklavebodnen mters da daemarcxebinaT igi.~
AA
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aqtivoba 6 _ wera. Tematuri teqstis ageba saTauris mixedviT (davaleba #@#2).
Aaqtivoba 7 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:_ ra aforizmiT amTavrebs mwerali Txrobas? ratom akeTebs amas? (ufro
xatovnad rom gviTxras Tavisi saTqmeli, gamoxatos Tavisi damokidebuleba momxdarisadmi).
_ raime andaza an aforizmi xom ar gagaxsendebaT, romliTac Tqven daamTavrebdiT Txrobas?
_ moZebneT sinonimuri zedsarTavi saxelebi teqstSi._ daalageT maxasiaTebeli niSnis zrdadobis mixedviT zedsarTavi saxelebi
(`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #3. pasuxebi: SeSfoTebuli, SeSinebuli, gulgaxeTqili, Tavzardacemuli; mozrdili, didi, uSvelebeli; cicqna, patara, momcro; gacxarebuli, gabrazebuli, ganrisxebuli, gaSmagebuli; ulamazo, uSno, maxinji; gakvirvebuli, gancvifrebuli, gaognebuli).
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Semdegi Temis: lado asaTianis `krwanisis yayaCoebi~, TanxmovanfuZiani zedsarTavis bruneba arsebiTTan erTad _ dagegmvas mTlianad maswavlebels vandobT. vTavazobT mxolod damatebiT informacias gakveTilis TemasTan dakavSirebiT:
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:a) samasi aragveli _ krwanisis brZolisa da Tbilisis aRebis Semdeg, 1795 w., iranelTa erTi
nawili qalbalixanis meTaurobiT aragvis xeobas auyva. maT mefe erekles Sepyroba da saaragvos dapyroba hqondaT davalebuli. JinvalSi mTidan wamosuli samasamde TuSfSavxevsuri mogrovda. maT gvian gaegoT sayvareli mefisa da samSoblos gasaWiri da `mgluriT~ moeSurebodnen samxreTisaken. aq isini 4000ian iranul jars Seebnen da gaanadgures dampyroblebi. gamarjvebulma aragvelebma sasixarulo ambavTan erTad sayvarel mefes iraneli tyveebic mihgvares (l. sanikiZe, Txz. t. I, 1991 w.).
b) `patara kaxi~ _ mefe erekle _ 17201798 ww. dakrZalulia mcxeTaSi, sveticxovelSi. igi akavSirebda qarTlisa da kaxeTis bagrationTa or Stos. nadirSahis gardacvalebis Semdeg ereklem da misma mamam _ Teimuraz IIm 1747 wels Tbilisi iranelebisgan gaaTavisufles. gaaerTianes qarTlisa da kaxeTis samefoebi. Seiqmna morige jari. Eereklem SezRuda Tavneba Tavadebi, sastikad akrZala tyveTa yidvagayidva, ganaxlda zarafxana, gaCnda pirveli qarTuli fabrikaqarxnebi, daarsda seminariebi, gaxSirda wignebis beWdva. 1783 w. gaaforma ruseTTan samegobro xelSekruleba (`georgievskis traqtati~). male gamwvavda qarTlkaxeTis samefos sagareo da saSinao politikuri viTareba. yvelaferi es gadaulaxav siZneled gadaeRoba qveynis ganaxlebaaRorZinebas. amas zed daerTo iranelTa Semoseva da Tbilisis aoxreba 1795 w., aseve _ ruseTis mier samokavSireo valdebulebebis Seusrulebloba da Ralati, rasac male ruseTis mxridan qarTlkaxeTis samefos aneqsia mohyva.
g) `oJa jurxai~ qarTuli xalxuri poeziis gmiria, mas eZRvneba cnobili oTxtriqoniani leqsi:
`beTlemis karze hkidiavoJa jurxais fario,mouvlis omis wadili,xandaxan SasZravs qario~.
Aam gmiris cxovrebisa da moqmedebis dro ar viciT. mxolod xalxi gvamcnobs, rom misi fari ifaravda Cvens qveyanas. KbeTlemis karze Sekiduli gmiris fari xalxma warmoadgina ara mxolod qveynis Tavisuflebis emblemad, aramed _ misi gansacdelis macnedac (qarTuli xalxuri poeturi Semoqmedeba, 1968).L l. asaTianis am leqsSi oJa jurxais fars swored es simboluri datvir
Tva aqvs.
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revaz inaniSvilis `erekle mefe da ananureli ulamazoebi~, yolaqonebis mawarmoebel afiqsebze (terminis gareSe) dakvirveba, -meTqi, -Tqo da -o nawilakebis sworad gamoyeneba _ 3 sT
miznebi_ mxatvruli teqstis kiTxva da gaazreba_ aRweriTi teqstis ageba_ zepiri teqstis momzadebisa da mosmenis strategiebis daufleba_ sakuTari azris dasabuTeba_ kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba_ saTqmelis naTlad da gasagebad gadmocema, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasu
xebis gacema_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ dialeqtizmebze dakvirveba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba_ weris strategiebis daufleba
I gakveTili
aqtivoba 1_ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba (7 wT.):maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da avalebs gaixsenon, ra ician mefe
erek les Sesaxeb. kargi iqneba, Tu manamde davavalebT moiZion informacia am mefis Sesaxeb.
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:revaz inaniSvili daibada 1926 wels 30 dekembers, sagarejos raionis sofel xaSmSi,
xuTi klasi daamTavra mSobliur sofelSi. 1937 wels ojaxTan erTad gadmovida sacxovreblad TbilisSi. skolis damTavrebis Semdeg, omis wlebSi (19431945) wlebSi muSaobda 31e qarxanaSi. 1947 wels Sevida Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi filologiis fakultetze. 1949 wels universiteti miatova da ojaxis siduxWiris gamo imave wels muSaoba daiwyo samgoris arxis mSeneblobaze. 1951 wels dabrunda universitetSi da daamTavra 1956 wels. 1952 wels daojaxda. 1960 wels muSaoba daiwyo sabavSvo gamomcemloba ,,nakadulSi~.
1966 wels gadavida kinostudia ,,qarTul filmSi’’ sascenaro ganyofilebaSi, 19851988 wlebSi muSaobda mweralTa kavSiris mdivnad. 1989 wlidan sicocxlis bolomde muSaobda Jurnal `dilis~ redaqtorad.
pirveli moTxroba daibeWda 1950 wels, pirveli wigni gamovida 1953 wels. 1977 wels wignisaTvis ,,Sori TeTri mwvervali’’ mieniWa rusTavelis saxelobis premia. misi novelebi Targmnilia mraval enaze. mwerali gardaicvala 1991 wels 26 dekembers. dakrZalulia didubis panTeonSi.
krwanisis brZola _ 1795 wels, brZola qarTlkaxeTisa da sparseTis laSqars Soris TbilisTan, krwanisis velze. aRamahmadxanma Tavisi Zalauflebis ganmtkicebis Semdeg erekle IIs mosTxova qarTlkaxeTis samefoze sparseTis batonobis aRdgena da ruseTTan kavSiris gawyveta. georgievskis traqtatis (1783 w. ruseTsaqarTvelos Soris dadebuli xelSekruleba) erTguli erekle II ruseTis mTavrobas daxmarebas sTxovda. seqtemberSi aRamahmadxani 35aTasiani jariT saqarTvelosken gamoemarTa. rusTa daxmarebis momlodine mefem drouli da saWiro RonisZiebebi ver gaatara da mters moumzadebeli daxvda. qarTvelTa laSqari 5 aTasamde kacs iTvlida, 10 seqtembers qarTvelTa SeteviT SeSinebul aRamahmadxani ukan gabrunebas apirebda, magram RamiT cixidan moRalateTa xelSewyobiT gaparulma sparselTa jaSuSma daarwmuna Sahi qarTvelTa sisusteSi. dRis II naxevarSi brZola sparselTa upiratesobiT warimarTa (adgili hqonda Ralatsac). mterma zarbaznebic gamoiyena. erekle IIm da misma 150mde mxedarma Tbilisze gavliT saguramosken gaswies, bolos ki mTiuleTs Seafares Tavi. sparselebma Tbilisi aaoxres,
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xalxi tyved garekes, maT didi zarali miayenes aRmosavleT saqarTvelos (saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t. 4. Tb., 1973).
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi (17 wT.):maswavlebeli iwyebs teqstis kiTxvas. gamometyvelebiT waikiTxavs I Tavis
sam abzacs. kiTxvas agrZelebs kiTxvaSi gawafuli sami moswavle. maswavlebeli arCevs zomierad zeaweul intonacias, temps, akeTebs pauzebs, maxvilebs... kiTxvis procesSive xsnis gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs. garda `sityvis salaroSi~ axsnili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi sityvebi:
guSagi _ mcvelimdumare _ utyvi, uTqmeli, usityvoviSvivi _ oxvra, moTqmaCoCqoli _ SeSfoTebiT, aRelvebiT gamowveuli moZraoba da yru xmauri
(adamianis)mandili _ qalis Tavsaxvevi, Tavsaburavinabadi _ moTelili matylisgan damzadebuli qsovili; Teqaieri _ saxis gamometyveleba, Sesaxedaoba, garegnoba (adamianisa)gamoCeCqvili _ aq: gamocdili, gamobrZmediliteqstis am monakveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs:_ ra periodia aRwerili teqstSi? (teqstSi aRwerilia mefe erekle IIs me
fobis xana _ krwanisis omi, romelic 1795 w. gaimarTa)._ rogor aRwers mwerali krwanisis omSi damarcxebul qarTvelTa gancdebs?
(`mxolod cixis burjebze... mosaxvevis boloebs~)._ ra surda mzevaris biWs? (mzevaris biWs undoda TaTrebs komblebiT da
pirispireboda Tavisive Tanatol Svidiode biWTan erTad)._ rogor aRwers mwerali mzevaris biWisa da mefis Sexvedras?(`raRacisaTvis taxtisken daxrili... simtkice~)._ `qveynisaTvis saWiro~ ra saqme aqvs mzevaris biWs mefesTan?~(mas aqvs gegma, rogor daamarcxon TaTrebi)._ ras sTavazobs igi mefes? (igi mefes sTavazobs: `ananureli ulamazoebis~
_ qvrivoxerTa, Rarib, ubralo adamianTa _ daxmarebas brZolaSi dampyrobelTa winaaRmdeg).
maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs (zogierTi SekiTxvis pasuxs moswavleebi saxelmZRvaneloSi amoikiTxaven):
_ `dResac aravin icis, sad imyofeboda sam dRes, meoTxe dRes ki ananuris cixeSi gamoCnda~, _ weria teqstSi. Tqveni azriT, sad imyofeboda es sami dRe brZo laSi damarcxebuli mefe? (msjeloben am sakiTxis irgvliv. maswavlebeli xelmZRvanelobs principiT: `yvelas azri sainteresoa~).
_ rogor aRwers mwerali mzevaris biWs? (`biWma erTxelac... SiSveli fexebi~). raze metyvelebs misi garegnoba? (imaze, rom igi Zalian Raribi, SiSveltitveli ymawvilia).
_ ra atirebda mzevaris biWs? (mas erTi mxriv, krwanisis omSi damarcxebis da uamravi qarTvelis daRupva atirebda. meore mxriv ki _ mefisa da sakuTari umweobis SegrZneba).
_ erekle mefem `ramdenjerme umweod daaxamxama Tvalebi~, _ Tqveni azriT, risi Tqma surs am sityvebiT mwerals? (mwerali migvaniSnebs mefis saso
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warkveTilebaze, uimedobaze, mas Rrmad swams is, rom mis qveyanas aRaraferi eSveleba... moswavleebs am sakiTxis garSemo sxvadasxvanairi Tvalsazrisi eqnebaT). ram gamoiwvia mefis aseTi gancda? (igi SeZrulia aRamahmadxanis mier aoxrebuli mamulis, daxocili vaJkacebis xilviT), kidev romeli sityvebi migviTiTebs mefis amave gancdaze? (`moxucma mefem Sublze xeli aisva, TiTqos Camowewili Tma aiwia maRla~... `xeli axla muxlze edo, moiWerda da gaSlida, moiWerda da gaSlida...~);
_ ratom ar endoba mzevaris biWi mdidrebs? (miaCnia, rom isini angarebianebi arian); ramdenad gamarTlebulad migaCniaT misi aseTi damokidebuleba mdidrebisadmi? (moswavleebi imsjeleben da ikamaTeben am sakiTxis garSemo).
aqtivoba 3 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (6 wT):gairkveva, vin aris nawarmoebis avtori (r. inaniSvili), romel epoqas, dros
Seexeba nawarmoebSi aRwerili ambavi (1795 wlis 11 seqtembris Semdgom xanas), ra aris nawarmoebis am TavSi mTavari (erekle mefisa da ananureli ymawvilis Sexvedra, `ananureli ulamazos~ mier mefisaTvis SeTavazebuli winadadeba...).
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (10 wT):yolaqonebis mawarmoebel sufiqsze (terminis gareSe) dakvirvebakombali _ komblianiSarvali _ Sarvlianiqudi _ qudiani
_ ras amCnevT? riT gansxvavdeba es sityvebi erTmaneTisagan? (garegnulad es sityvebi erTmaneTisagan daboloebebiT gansxvavdeba).
_ ra kiTxva daesmis I svetSi Camoweril sityvebs? (ra? kiTxva) II svetSi Camoweril sityvebs? (rogori?); rogor miviReT arsebiTi saxelisagan zedsarTavi saxeli, ra bolosarTi davurTeT? (arsebiTi saxelisagan zedsarTavi miviReT bolosarT `ianis~ damatebiT). ras aRniSnavs es zedsarTavi saxelebi? (es zedsarTavi saxelebi aRniSnavs raRacis mqones, yolaqonebas).
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba-Sefaseba(3 wT.):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles.
aqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT.): _ teqstis I Tavi, Seadginon I Tavis gegma, `moswavlis rveulidan~ savarjiSo N#2, _ `mzevaris biWisa da mefis Sexvedra~.
II gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis dayofa nawilebad da Sinaarsis gadmocema (9-10 wT.): aqve maswavlebeli amowmebs wina gakveTilze mocemul davalebas _ moswavleebs werilobiT unda gadmoecaT ananureli biWisa da mefis Sexvedra, SeedginaT I Tavis gegma.
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savaraudo gegma:ITavi:a) mefis idumalebiT moculi gamoCenab) CoCqoli cixis kedelTang) mzevaris biWis stumrobad) mefisa da ananureli ymawvilis Sexvedra
moswavleebi am gegmis mixedviTa da maswavleblebis daxmarebiT gadmoscemen wakiTxulis Sinaarss jer calcalke, Semdeg ki mTlianad, gabmuli TxrobiT.
aqtivoba 2 _zepiri teqstis ageba (10-12 wT): maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da aZlevs davalebas _ Seadginon teqs
ti zepiri gamosvlisaTvis: `mamulisaTvis Tavdadebuli adamianebi~. Seaxsenebs moswavleebs, rom amisaTvis saWiroa gegmis Sedgena. gegma unda Camoweron punqtebad, Txrobisas unda daicvan Tanmimdevroba, Sinaarsi aucileblad unda Seesabamebodes mis saTaurs, mxolod amis Semdeg unda waukiTxon amxanagebs da moisminon maTi Sefaseba.
moswavleebi axdenen sakuTari namuSevris prezentacias da ismenen amxanagebisa da maswavleblis Sefasebebs.
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (12 wT):grZeldeba teqstis II da III Tavebis kiTxva. nawilnawil kiTxvis dros, mo
swavleTa mier daiZebneba da maTive monawileobiT aixsneba ucnobi sityvebi da gamoTqmebi. gamoiyeneba saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli `sityvis salaro~, aixsneba frazebi: ajagruli, afxorili biWebi _ gabrazebuli biWebi; gulSi gamdnar tyviasaviT CaeRvenTa _ gulSi gahkra, guli etkina; samudamod Caefarnen miwas _ gauCinardnen, gaqrnen...
tardeba gamokrebiTi kiTxva. maswavleblis mier dasmuli pirveli donis kiTxvebis pasuxebs moswavleebi amoikiTxaven saxelmZRvaneloSi.
_ sad da rodis xdeba nawarmoebSi aRwerili moqmedeba? (moqmedeba xdeba ananuris cixeSi krwanisis brZolidan samioTxi dRis Semdeg).
_ vin da vin arian nawarmoebis mTavari gmirebi? (nawarmoebis mTavari gmirebi arian mzevaris biWi da mefe erekle).
_ rogor aRwers mwerali biWebs? (`mzevaris biWi kuStad... fexebs Soris~)._ ra ganwyoba daeufla mefes maTi danaxvisas? (`uyura, uyura da... qveynis
sacodavi Svilebi~)._ ras Sehpirda mefe biWebs? (mefe biWebs Sehpirda, rom saWiroebis Sem
TxvevaSi dagiZaxebTo)._ rogor aris aRwerili moxucebuli `mzevaris biWi~ (`mTlad gaTeTrebuli
usinaTlo moxuci~)._ vis da ras elis igi? (igi elis erekle mefis mier gamogzavnil macnes,
romelic xalxs TaTrebis winaaRmdeg salaSqrod waiyvans).
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis nawilebad dayofa da gegmis Sedgena (7 wT.): sruldeba davaleba N#3, `moswavlis rveuli~
1. kombliani biWebis stumroba mefesTan2. guldamwvari mefe erekle
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3. mefis dapireba4. mzevaris biWi oTxmoci wlis Semdeg5. rusuli medali...(gegmis SedgenaSi monawileobs mTeli klasi, dasaxeldeba TiToeuli mona
kveTis ramdenime saTauri da SearCeven ukeTess).
aqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba _ saxelTa warmoqmna (5 wT):a) sityvaTa warmoqmna _ davaleba #3 (`moswavlis rveuli~)b) frazeologizmze dakvirveba:jiqur wavida _ Tamamad, gabedulad wavidagaWirvebaSi gamoCeCqvili _ gaWirvebaSi gamocdili, gamobrZmedili
aqtivoba 6 _ Sejameb a (2 wT):moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze (maT daasrules r.
inaniSvilis `ananureli ulamazoebis~ Seswavla), gaicnes moxuci mefe erekle _ qarTvelebisa da saqarTvelos uiRblobiT guldamZimebuli, aseve gaecnen ucnobi gmiris `ananureli ulamazos~ _ mzevaris biWis simamaces, qveynisaTvis mis gulanTebulobas Rrma moxucebulobamde.
aqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (2 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs: a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-
ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 8 _ saSinao davaleba (1 wT):`ananurel ulamazoebis~ II da III TavebSi moiniSnon is adgilebi, romlebmac
yvelaze metad daafiqraT, weriTi davaleba N #4 `moswavlis rveulidan~.
III gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ saSinao davalebis Semowmeba (8 wT):moswavleebi nawilnawil gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss Tavidan bolomde.
yuradReba maxvildeba: a) faqtebis logikuri TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemaze, b) Txrobisas droTa Tanmimdevrobis dacvaze, g) sxvaTa sityvis nawilakebis marTebulad xmarebaze, d) mwerliseuli leqsikis gamoyenebaze...
mowmdeba da gaanalizdeba weriTi davalebac (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #4). pasuxebi:
daZenZili _ dakonkili, dafleTili, daglejiliganieri _ aq: tansruli, sqelidaSaSruli _ daxeTqili, kandamskdariSiSveli _ titveliTofiani _ iaraRiani (SeiaraRebuli)didebuli _ sapatio, pativsacemi
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aqtivoba 2 _ zepiri teqstis ageba da prezentacia (6 wT.):maswavlebeli cdilobs mobilizeba gaukeTos moswavleebs; saanalizod
aZlevs vaJafSavelas erTerTi cnobili leqsidan Semdeg strofs:`samSoblos arvis wavarTmevT,Cvens nurvin Segvecileba,Torem iseT dRes davayriT,mkvdarsac ki gaecineba~.
klass yofs sam jgufad, avalebs gaiazron strofis mniSvneloba, Seadginon teqsti zepiri gamosvlisaTvis da moaxdinon misi prezentacia. wammzomis zarze moswavleebi wyveten muSaobas da klass warudgenen zepiri teqstis sakuTar versias. afaseben da avseben erTmaneTis pasuxebs, asaxeleben faqtebs, asabuTeben sakuTar mosazrebas.
aq maswavlebeli klasis yuradRebas amaxvilebs ilia WavWavaZis sityvebze: `eris dacema maSin iwyeba, roca is Tavis istorias iviwyebs, sakuTar warsuls iviwyebs, warsuli axlandeli droebis safuZvelia, axlandeli ki _ momavli-sa~ (adapt.) _ werili `eri da istoria~.
am sityvebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen Cveni saukeTeso mwerlebi da mamuliSvilebi.
aqtivoba 3 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (13 wT.):sruldeba davaleba N#1. moswavleebi wyvilebSi usvamen kiTxvebs literatu
rul personaJebs, isini kiTxvapasuxiT ageben dialogebs.Semdeg maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs saanalizod:_ Tqveni azriT, gulwrfeli iyo mefis dapireba? (warimarTeba polemika.
iqneba rogorc dadebiTi, aseve uaryofiTi pasuxebi). ratom ver Seasrula man Tavisi dapireba? (radgan mefem ukve iwvnia marcxi da icoda, rom misi daqucmacebuli samSoblo mxolod guladi biWebis saSualebiT uTanasworo oms ver moigebda).
_ romeli wlis ambebia aRwerili nawarmoebis III nawilSi?(aq aRwerilia mefisa da mzevaris biWis Sexvedridan oTxmoci (80) wlis Sem
degdroindeli ambebi). romeli wliT iwyebs mwerali Txrobas da romeli wliT amTavrebs? (igi Txrobas iwyebs 1795 wliT da amTavrebs 1875 wliT). rogoria saqarTvelos mdgomareoba am dros? (saqarTvelo ukve ruseTis sakuTrebaa), _ `moxucs rusuli medali ekida~, _ weria teqstSi. raze migvaniSnebs mwerali am winadadebaSi sityva, `rusuliT~? (swored imaze, rom saqarTvelo da qarTvelebi axla ruseTis mier warmoebul omebSi ibrZvian da ara samSoblosaTvis). ras adarebs mwerali am medlebis fers? (sanTlis fers).
_ ̀ gamvleli TavCaRunuli, sevdaCamowolili ganagrZobda gzas~, _ ra hgvrida gamvlels am sevdas? (is, rom mzevaris biWi mTeli cxovrebis manZilze eloda damZaxebels mefisas, saqarTvelo ki ukve didi xania aRar iyo samefo, erek le ki ukve Zalian didi xnis gardacvlili gaxldaT. ananurel biWs, iseve, rogorc mTel saqarTvelos, gaucruvda molodini).
_ Tqveni azriT, teqstis mTavar gmirs ratom ar arqmevs mwerali saxels? (imitom, rom is tipuri magaliTia misi asakis yvela imdroindeli ymawvilisa). ratom moixseniebs mas `mzevaris biWad?~ (albaT, imitom rom mzevari cnobili pirovneba iyo).
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_ ratom uwodebs mwerali ananureli biWebs `ulamazoebs~? raze migvaniSnebs mwerali am sityviT?
_ ris Tqma surs mwerals mkiTxvelisaTvis? (krwanisis omSi damarcxebam Secvala qarTvelebis cxovreba; qarTvelebs Zalian stkivaT guli qveynis damoukideblobis dakargvis gamo...).
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (10 wT):a) sityvaTwarmoeba _ uqonlobis saxelebi:maswavlebeli moswavleebis yuradRebas amaxvilebs im zedsarTavebze, rom
lebTac mwerali iyenebs gmirebis aRwerisas:lamazi _ ulamazosinaTle _ usinaTlofuli _ ufulomaswavlebeli svams kiTxvas: ras amCnevT, riT gansxvavdeba es sityvebi erT
maneTisagan? (es sityvebi erTmaneTisagan mniSvnelobiT gansxvavdeba, meore svetSi Camowrili sityvebi uqonlobas aRniSnavs).
moswavleebi asruleben davaleba #5 (`moswavlis rveulidan~); iaraRi _ uiaraRomiwa _ umiwotye _ utyeoqudi _ uqudoWkua _ uWkuobina _ ubinao
b) sxvaTa sityvis nawilaki:maswavlebeli dafaze wers frazas teqstidan:`Sens megobrebs gadaeci: mefem SemogiTvalaT, roca dro dadgeba, maSinve
dagiZaxebTTqo~. kiTxviT mimarTavs klass:_ vin abarebs am sityvebs? (am sityvebs abarebs mefe). vin aris moubari? (mou
bari mefea)._ vis abarebs am sityvebs? (am sityvebs mzevaris biWs abarebs)_ visTan abarebs? (abarebs ananurel biWebTan)_ ra bolosarTi (nawilaki) daerTvis moubaris naTqvams am SemTxvevaSi?
(moubaris naTqvams daerTvis -Tqo nawilaki).
daimaxsovreT: Tu moubari vinmes rames abarebs sxvasTan, winadadebas boloSi -Tqo daerTvis.
Semdeg svams kiTxvas wina klasSi ganvlili masalidan:_ romel bolosarTs (nawilaks) iyenebs moubari: a) Tavisi sityvebis gameorebisas? (-meTqi nawilaks)b) sxvisi sityvebis gameorebisas? (-o nawilaks).asaxeleben magaliTebs.aqve maswavlebeli klass Seaxsenebs adre Seswavlil -meTqi, -Tqo nawilake
bsac (ix. a. wereTlis `ZiZasTan~), am codnis gamoyenebiT sruldeba davaleba #6 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
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aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba (3 wT):moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze (daasrules `erekle
mefe da ananureli ulamazoebis~ teqstis Seswavla, gaecnen uqonlobisa da qonayolis mawarmoebel TavsarTbolosarTebis gamoyenebas, daakvirdnen da gaixsenes -meTqi, -Tqo da -o nawilakebis sworad xmarebis wesi...).
aqtivoba 6 _ Sefaseba (3 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs: a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-
ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):saSinao davalebad eZlevaT r. inaniSvilis moTxroba `erekle mefe da anan
ureli ulamazoebi~ bolomde. dasawerad eZlevaT savarjiSo N#4. II Tavis mokle Sinaarsi; N #2 _ moamzadon teqsti zepiri prezentaciisaTvis: `ratom ver Seasrula mefem danapirebi?~
Sedegebis kodi:Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavle V. 2. jgufTan erTad amzadebs zepir gamosvlas: damoukideblad daamuSavebs
Temis erTerT nawils, mopovebul masalas da SemuSavebul Tvalsazriss gaacnobs da SeuTanxmebs jgufis wevrebs; gamodis momxseneblis rolSi; iTvaliswinebs da gamoxatavs Tanagundelebis saerTo azrs;
V. 3.saubris Temis, adresatisa da miznis mixedviT irCevs Sesabamis stils. V. 4. monawileobs literaturuli nawarmoebis Sesaxeb gamarTul diskusia
Si, gamoxatavs sakuTar damokidebulebas ama Tu im personaJis mimarT; asaxelebs sxvadasxva TvalsazrisiT misTvis saintereso adgilebs teqstidan.
V. 5. iyenebs sadiskusio strategiebs; V. 6. gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi.V. 7. SeuZlia misTvis saintereso Tematikis Semcveli sxvadasxva saxis aramxa
tvruli teqstebis wakiTxva da gaazreba.V. 9. asaxelebs nawarmoebis Temas; avlebs paralels Tematurad msgavs nawar
moebebTan; msjelobs misTvis saintereso sakiTxebis Sesaxeb da gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias; afasebs nawarmoebSi ganviTarebul movlenebs sxvadasxva personaJis poziciidan;
amoicnobs da asaxelebs martiv mxatvrul simboloebs.V. 10. amoicnobs teqstSi ZiriTad modalobebs da ganmartavs maT;V. 12. SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna. V. 14. SeuZlia gramatikuli wesebis marTebulad gamoyeneba da marTlweris
normebis dacva.
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ana kalandaZis leqsi `Sen ise Rrma xar...~, enobrivi masala _ zedsarTav saxelze dakvirveba, riTma
miznebi_ poeturi teqstis aRqma_ mxatvrul kiTxvaSi varjiSi_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ mxatvrul saxeebze dakvirveba_ orTografiuli da orToepiuli Cvevebis formireba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba, sityvaTa warmoqmna (terminis gareSe)
teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisTvis mzadeba:maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da aZlevs davalebas _ gaixsenon
saqarTvelos istoriuli Zeglebi, isaubron maT Sesaxeb; kargia agreTve jgufuri gasvla kulturuli Zeglebis dasaTvaliereblad (moswavleebi ixseneben mag., grems, daviTgarejs, gelaTs, iyalTos da a.S.). TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens Tavis variants. moswavleebi saubroben, ra waukiTxavT am Zeglebis irgvliv, romeli cnobili mwerlebisa da poetebis nawarmoebebs gaixseneben...
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:maswavlebeli klass gamometyvelebiT ukiTxavs ana kalandaZis leqss ̀ Sen ise
Rrma xar...~, akiTxebs 12 moswavles, Semdeg avalebs waikiTxon leqsi Cumad, moZebnon da axsnan gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, gamoiyenon am mizniT `sityvis salaro~; moiniSnon is ucnobi sityvebic, romlebic wignSi ar aris axsnili:
osmalo _ (Zv.) igivea, rac Turqi...monRoli _ (ist.) monRolebi _ saxelwodeba sxvadasxva tomebisa, romleb
mac XIII saukuneSi Seqmnes samxedrofeodaluri saxelmwifo, monRoli _ am eTnosis warmomadgeneli.
sparsi _ iranelis Zveli saxelwodeba. irani _ qveyana aRmosavleTSi.oSki _ X ss 5060iani wlebis qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis umniSvnelova ne
si Zegli, samonastro centri istoriul taoSi (axla TurqeTis farglebSia).zarzma _ qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis Zegli sofel zarzmaSi, adigenis
raionSi. Tavdapirvelad dauarsebia (VIIIIX ss.) serapion zarzmels adgilobrivi mTavris giorgi CorCanelis daxmarebiT. zarzmis axlandeli taZari da samreklo agebulia XIV sis pirvel wlebSi _ samcxis mTavris beqa mandaturTuxucesis dros.
tao _ mxare istoriul samxr.das. saqarTveloSi, mdinare Woroxis Sua dinebis auzSi (axlandeli TurqeTis teritoria). urartul warwerebSi `diaoxis~ saxeliTaa cnobili.
faqizi _ Zalian sufTa, wminda, spetaki, umwikvlodideba _ saxeli, pativi, Rirseba
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informacia maswavleblisaTvis:ana kalandaZe 1924 w. daibada Coxatauris raionis sof. xidisTavSi, qarTveli poeti, man 1946
w. daamTavra Tsus filologiis fakulteti. amave wels gamoaqveyna pirveli leqsebi. pirveli krebuli `leqsebi~ 1953 wels gamosca. misma poeziam imTaviTve miipyro yuradReba leqsis sinatifiTa da poeturi azrovnebis maRali kulturiT. man qarTul poeziaSi xangrZlivi intervalis Semdeg kvlav gamoxata sulieri sinaze da sifaqize. misi Semoqmedebis yvela Tema Tu motivi lirikuli TviTgamoxatviT cxaddeba da uaRresi intimurobis elfers iZens. ase aJRerda mis leqsebSi samamulo omis Semdeg mSvidobiani cxovrebis dasawyisis Temac (`karSi gamo, WiaWia maria~, 1946); aseTia bunebis grZnobac (`TuTa~, 1945; `JuJuna wvima movida~, 1946; `beTaniis gzaze~, 1954). istoria kalandaZis leqsSi arasodes ar gvevlineba gayinuli saxiT da Tanadroulobac poetis warmodgenaSi xSirad iwvevs gardasul droTa cxovel mogonebas (`Sen ise Rrma xar, qarTulo cao~, `aseTi dari Tu iyo maSin~; `Rrublebi~). ana kalandaZis patriotizmi gamoxatavs eris arsebiT TvisebaTa _ sikeTis, qeduxrelobis, sidiadis, Sewyalebis _ organul gancdas (`saqarTveloo lamazo~, `mravalJamier~, `fexi damadgiT~). misi leqsis sazogadoebrivi JReradoba efuZneba Tanamedrove adamianis zneobrivi siwmindisa da amaRlebis amocanas.
ana kalandaZis poeturi stili sisadaviTa da harmoniuli formiT gamoirCeva. sinamdvile mis lirikaSi mxolod ganwmendili, gafaqizebuli saxiT warmoCndeba. maRali paTetikisa da wrfeli guliTadobis Sezaveba zomieri arqaizaciisa da sasaubro intonaciebis SerwymiT aris miRweuli.
a. kalandaZis poeturi krebulebi gamoica gasuli saukunis 506070ian wlebSi, misi leqsebi Targmnilia rusul, inglisur, frangul, germanul, polonur, ruminul, Turqul, arabul da sxva enebze.
ana kalandaZe gardaicvala 2008 wels.(CxeiZe n. literaturuli werilebi, Tb., 1969; Cxenkeli T., poezia _ sibrZnis dargi, Tb.,
1978; WilaZe T. werilebi, Tb., 1978 w.).
aqtivoba 3 _ gaazreba:1) gairkveva vin aris leqsis avtori (a. kalandaZe), romeli xuroTmoZRvruli
Zeglebi (taZrebi, eklesiebi) aris dasaxelebuli leqsSi (oSki, zarzma), saqarTvelos istoriuli mtrebidan romlebia naxsenebi aq (sparsi, osmalo, monRoli).
2) gaanalizdeba, ras uZRvnis poeti am leqss (poeti am leqss uZRvnis mSobliuri qveynis zecas).
_ romeli sityvebi meordeba leqsSi? (`Sen ise Rrma xar...~ da `qarTulo cao!~). xerxi gameorebisa, romelsac poeti mimarTavs, cnobili stilisturi xerxia literaturaSi.
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:gameoreba _ gamosaxvis stilistikuri xerxi; mxatvrul metyvelebaSi gamoyenebulia az
ris xazgasmisa da emociis gamaZlierebel saSualebad. gulisxmobs rogorc sityvebis, frazebis, winadadebebis, ise _ bgerebis, riTmis metrisa da ritmis gameorebasac. enobrivi gameorebis (bgeriTi gameorebis) saxeebia: aliteracia, asonansi, riTma.
_ poetis azriT, ratom ver naxulobs qarTuli cis qveS samkvidros mteri? (qarTvelebi ver eguebian mtris batonobas).
_ romeli istoriuli Zeglebia naxsenebi leqsSi? (leqsSi naxsenebia oSki da zarzma). ratom axsenebs maT poeti? (zemoT dasaxelebuli istoriuli Zeglebi: oSki da zarzma utyuari dasturia Zveli saqarTvelos materialuri da sulieri Zlierebisa, maTi xsenebiT poeti logikur xazs abams manamde naTqvam frazasTan: `samkvidro Sens qveS... veravin naxa~, ver moikida fexi mterma, radgan oSkisa da zarzmis Semqmnel ers ver moeria verc urjulo osmali, verc sparsi da verc monRoli).
_ ra ganwyoba dageuflaT? (amis Taobaze moswavleebs, bunebrivia, sruliad sxvadasxva Sexeduleba eqnebaT. dae, imsjelon).
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_ ratom aris tao `beberi~? (radgan mas Zalian didi xnis istoria aqvs da poetis subieqturi damokidebuleba samxreT saqarTvelos kulturul margalitTan amdagvaria, `beberSi~ igulisxmeba kdema da mowiweba siZvelis, siwmindis mimarT).
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:_ romel zedsarTav saxelebs iyenebs poeti qarTuli cis daxasiaTebis Tvis?
(`Rrma~)._ ̀ bebero tao~, _ weria leqsSi. usulo sagnis Tvisebis aRsaniSnad SeiZleba
Tu ara am zedsarTavi saxelis gamoyeneba? (SeiZleba, rodesac avtori mas iyenebs, rogorc mxatvrul xerxs _ gapirovnebas).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:gapirovneba _ personifikacia, tropis saxe. mxatvruli gamosaxvis xerxi, romlisTvisac
damaxasiaTebelia sagnebisa da movlenebisadmi adamianuri Tvisebebis miwera, usulo da sulieri sagnebis gaadamianeba. usulo sagani gapirovnebaSi warmodgenilia, rogorc adamiani, romelic grZnobs, msjelobs, moqmedebs. gansxvavdeba metaforisagan imiT, rom metaforaSi yvela Tvisebis gadatana SeiZleba erTi sagnidan meoreze, gapirovnebaSi ki gadatanilia mxolod adamianuri Tvisebebi (a. Wilaia, r. Wilaia, literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebi).
_ sad aris am leqsSi mimarTva? (`qarTulo cao~); ra sasveni niSnebiT gamoiyofa igi? (mimarTva orive mxridan mZimiT gamoiyofa).
aqtivoba 5 _ riTmaze dakvirveba:maswavlebeli daakvirvebs moswavleebs leqsis or segmentze:sparsma _ zarzmacao _ tao
svams kiTxvas: _ rogor fiqrobT, riT hgavs es sityvebi erTmaneTs? (savaraudo pasuxi: es sityvebi erTmaneTs hgavs daboloebebiT); leqsSi sxvaganac xom ar moZebnidiT aseT sityvebs? (Rrma xar _ naxa); ras aniWebs amiT leqss poeti? (amiT leqss poeti aniSnebs musikalurobas, keTilxmovanebas, silamazes).
riTma _ (berZn. ritmos _ taqti, zoma) erTi da imave an msgavsi bgerebis kanonzomieri gameoreba, bgeraTa SewyobaSeTanxmeba taepebSi ukanaskneli maxviliani marcvlidan moyolebuli. zogjer bgerebis aseTi SewyobaSeTanxmeba taepebs SigniTaa (Siga riTma).
riTmaSi SeiZleba meordebodes calkeuli bgerebi, sityvebi an sityvaTa jgufebi, iSviaTad _ taepebi. leqsikuri TvalsazrisiT riTma sainteresoa imiT, rom igi bgeriTi gameorebiT gamoyofs sityvas da amiT xazs usvams mis mniSvnelobas. riTmis intonaciuri funqcia xels uwyobs logikur maxvils, ris Sedegadac gasariTmi sityva gamoiyofa metyvelebis nakadSi da iqcevs yurad Rebas. riTma poetur metyvelebaSi qmnis ritmulobas, keTilxmovanebas, musikalobas saerTod.
(a. Wilaia, r. Wilaia, literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebi)
aqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba-Sefaseba:gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs: a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-
ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba,
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kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba:saSinao davalebad moswavleebs eZlevaT a. kalandaZis leqsi `Sen ise Rrma
xar~... zepirad, _ savarjiSo N#1 `moswavlis rveulidan~: jgufurad an individ-ualurad moiZion saTanado masala biblioToekaSi an internetiT da isau-bron oSkisa da zarzmis Sesaxeb, SesaZloa vizualuri masalebis warmodgeniTac. dasawerad savarjiSo N#2: Txzuleba saTauriT `samkvidro Sens qveS mtrad Semosulma veravin naxa~.
Semdegi masalis: i. WavWavaZis leqsebis `damakvirdi~ _ dagegmvas maswavlebels vandobT.
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ilia WavWavaZis `nikoloz gostaSabiSvili~, raodenobiTi da rigobiTi ricxviTi saxeli da maTi marTlwera
Mmiznebi:_ teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ paralelebis gavleba Seswavlil (wakiTxul) literaturul nawarmoe
bebTan_ wakiTxulis Sefaseba da sakuTari azris dasabuTeba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ nawarmoebis Temisa da dedaazris garkveva_ literaturuli personaJebis martivad daxasiaTeba_ ricxviT saxelze dakvirveba da marTlweris saTanado Cvevebis daufleba
aqtivoba 1 _kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:maswavlebeli klass axsenebs ilias cnobil frazas~:
P`patiosan mterTa SorisMmociquli namusia~.
Kklass yofs jgufebad da avalebs gaiazron, rogor esmiT fraza `namusiani mteri~. mosafiqreblad eZlevaT ramdenime wuTi. TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens sakuTar variants, romelic Sefasdeba da gaanalizdeba klasSi.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi: damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:Ggiorgi XI _ qarTlis mefe 16761988, 17031709 wlebSi; vaxtang Vis Ze; misi mefobis xana xa
siaTdeboda iranTan urTierTobis gamwvavebiT; cdilobda mefis xelisuflebis ganmtkicebasa da iranis batonobis alagmvas qarTlSi; daxmarebis misaRebad diplomatiuri molaparakeba gamarTa osmaleTTan. 1688 w. ajanyda iranelebis winaaRmdeg. Aajanyeba damarcxebiT dasrulda, radganac ver miiRo Sepirebuli daxmareba iranisagan, amave dros, uRalates adgilobrivma feodalebma. iranis Sahma mefobidan gadaayena da mis nacvlad gaamefa erekle I (1688 w.). giorgi XIm imereTs Seafara Tavi da iqidan ibrZoda taxtis dasabruneblad. 1696 wels gaemgzavra iranSi da dasTanxmda Sahis winadadebas _ iranTan erTad mieRo monawileoba avRanelTa winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. Sahma igi kvlav daamtkica qarTlis taxtze (1703 w.) da daavala avRanelTa damorCileba. giorgi Xm iranis Sahis winaaRmdeg ajanyebuli avRanelebi daamarcxa, magram avRanelebma igi RalatiT mokles 1709 w. (qse, t. III, gv. 161).
yizilbaSebi (Turq.) _ `wiTelTavianebi~; maTi wiTeli Tavsaburavi Sedgeboda 12 nakecisagan, rac 12 Siit imams niSnavda simbolurad. qarTul istoriul wyaroebSi `yizilbaSebi~ erqvaT iranel mebrZolebs, romlebic am wiTel Tavsaburavs atarebdenen (q s e, t. X, gv. 642).
teqsts kiTxuloben nawilnawil, calkeuli, azrobrivad dasrulebuli mona kveTebis saxiT. SeiZleba gamoviyenoT `pauzebiT kiTxvac~ da TiToeuli mona kveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg klass mivceT SesaZlebloba, gamoTqvas varaudi movlenaTa Semdgomi ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. gzadagza aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebic. Ggarda `sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes:
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sardali – mxedarTmTavaridaiZaxes jarianoba – Sekribes jarigamarTuli jari – kargad gawvrTnili da aRWurvili jarijiriTi _ Weneba (cxenisa)mosxepili – moxdenili, tanwvrilikamara Sekra _ maRla axta da Sors daeSva, freniT naxevarwre gaakeTamklavi erCis _ Zala mosdevs...
am dros gairkveva isic, Tu romeli formebia dRevandeli saliteraturo qarTulisaTvis miuRebeli da ra aris maTi Tanamedrove Sesatyvisi (daiZaxes jarianoba – jari Sekribes; Tavisad daiWiros _ daisakuTros, daipyros; minam _ manam; SeubRerta _ Sebertya, SeajanjRara...). yuradReba gamaxvildeba teqstSi gamoyenebul idiomatur gamoTqmebzec:
sircxvili gvaWamos _ Segvarcxvinosqalis leCaqi dagvxuros _ Segvarcxvinos (ityvian mxolod mamakacze)
daismis faqtobriv masalaze orientirebuli kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebi moswavleebma wignSi unda moZebnon:
_ saqarTvelos cxovrebis ra periodia aRwerili teqstSi? vin iyo am dros qarTlis mefe? iranis yaeni?
_ ra mizniT gamoagzavna iranis Sahma Tavisi jari?_ moZebneT teqstSi is adgili, sadac aRwerilia: a) yizilbaSi meomris siTa
mame; b) qarTvel meomarTa wuxili amis gamo; g) mterTan SebrZoleba; d) qarTvel meomarTa imedi; e) nikolozis uaris mizezi; v) nikolozisa da mtris meomris orTabrZola...
Mamis Semdeg moswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben Cumad, CainiSnaven im kiTxvebs, romlebic teqstis kiTxvisas gauCndaT.
Aaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema: Kkoleqtiurad, mTeli klasis mier Sedgeba gegma, romelic daaxloebiT aseT
saxes miiRebs:a) sparselebis Tavdasxmab) axalgazrda yizilbaSis siTamameg) qarTvelebis wuxilid) mSvelelis Zebnae) nikolozis uaris mizeziv) qarTvelebis Txovnaz) axalgazrda mterTan SebrZolebaT) raindebi...
moswavleebi gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss jer nawilnawil, Semdeg ki _ mTlianad gabmuli TxrobiT. Txrobisas yuradReba maxvildeba ambis logikuri TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemaze, Tanamedrove saliteraturo formebis gamoyenebaze, III pirSi Txrobaze, sxvaTa sityvis nawilakebis marTebulad gamoyenebaze...
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aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba:_ Tqveni azriT, ratom iqceva mtris mebrZoli ase Tamamad? Mmisi ra Tvise
bebi Cans teqstSi?_ ras wuxan qarTveli meomrebi? ras miiCneven isini `sircxvilis Wmevad~ da
`qalis leCaqis~ daxurvad? ra swyinT maT yvelaze metad? maTi ra Tvisebebi Cans am nawarmoebSi?
_ ratom Tqva nikoloz gostaSabiSvilma mtris axalgazrda jariskacTan SebrZolebaze uari? ra iyo amis mizezi?
_ nikoloz gostaSabiSvilis ra Tviseba Cans misi sityvebidan: `me Sen Tavs ar mogWri, Seni Tavi Seni vaJkacobisaTvis mipatiebia...~? ra CaTvala man mtris vaJ kacobad?
_ ratom moiqca nikoloz gostaSabiSvili ase? ra iyo amis mizezi? (a) mtris sibraluli, b) damarcxebuli mtris pativiscema, g) yizilbaSebis SiSi _ xazi gausviT TqvenTvis misaReb pasuxs da daasabuTeT).
_ mtris mebrZolis ra Tviseba Cans misi sityvebidan: `mec Tu sicocxles viCuqebdi, marto SenisTana vaJkacisagan~?
_ ra sityvebiT axasiaTebs nikolozi sakuTar Tavs? (daberebuli da daCaCanakebuli). Mmisi ra Tviseba Cans aqedan? (Tavmdabloba). ra sityvebiT axasiaTebs igi mtris jariskacs? ras adarebs mas? (axlad ulvaSaSlili vaJkaci lomsa hgavs). Tu Cans am sityvebSi misi damokidebuleba mtris jarikacisadmi? (Cans mis mimarT pativiscema da Zalebis realurad Sefasebis unari).
_ Tu Cans teqstSi avtoris damokidebuleba gmirebisadmi? (avtoris damokidebuleba teqstSi ar Cans, igi mxolod mTxrobelis rolSi gvevlineba).
_ misaRebia TqvenTvis nikoloz gostaSabiSvilis saqcieli? Mmtris jariskacis saqcieli? (diax, ara, _ daasabuTeT Tqveni azri, sruldeba wyvilebSi, davaleba #1).
_ SeiZleba Tu ara vuwodoT maT `namusiani mtrebi~? daasabuTeT._ romeli Seswavlili (wakiTxuli) nawarmoebi gagaxsendaT am leqsis kiTx
visas? ra aqvT maT saerTo?_ ilias romeli cnobili leqsi SeiZleba mivusadagoT am nawarmoebs?
(`sikeTiT sZlie Sens mtersa...~)._ ra aris mTavari am teqstSi? (a) rainduli damokidebuleba mtrebs Soris,
b) qarTvelebis brZola mtris winaaRmdeg, g) giorgi XIis droindeli saqarTvelos aRwera – swori pasuxia a).
A
aqtivoba 5 _ teqstis ageba – literaturul personaJTa martivad daxa-siaTeba:
dDafaze daixazeba ̀ gonebrivi ieriSis ruka~, romelic TandaTanobiT Seivseba moswavleTa aqtiuri monawileobiT:
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nikolozgostaSabiSvili
xandazmuli saxelovani
raindulisulis
SesaniSnavimeomari
mtrisjariskaci
kargimeomari
axalgazrda
fizikuradZlieri
Tavdajere-buli
raindulisulis
gakeTdeba venis diagramac, romelic aseve daexmareba. moswavleebs personaJTa xasiaTTa Soris msgavsebisa da gansxvavebis dadgenaSi:
mtrisjariskaci
axalgazrda........
xnieri........
raindulisulis
nikolozgostaSabiSvili
ASemdeg moswavleebi werilobiT axasiaTeben personaJebs (davaleba #2).
Aaqtivoba 6 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:a) frazeologiuri muSaoba: romeli frazebiT gamoxatavs mwerali udides
sircxvils? (`qalis leCaqi dagvxuros~, ̀ sircxvili gvaWamos~). Aaqve maswavlebeli klass acnobs sinonimuri mniSvnelobis sxva frazeologizmebsac: `Tavi moeWra~, `sircxvilis oflSi gaiwura~, `qudi ar hxurebia~. SeiZleba am frazeologizmebis gamoyenebac winadadebebSi.
b) marTlweraze muSaoba _ moswavleebi gaixseneben ricxviTi saxelis raobas, romelic maT Seswavlili aqvT IIIIV klasebSi, Semdeg teqstSi eZeben a) raodenobiT (erTi, xuTi, erTiori), b) rigobiT (meTerTmete, meore, mesame, meoTxe, mexuTe) ricxviT saxelebs; ixsneben maT marTlweras da werilobiT asruleben davalebebs #3 da #4s.
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3 sanimuSo gakveTilis scenari
revaz inaniSvilis `xorasneli Wabuki~, raodenobiT da rigobiT ricxviT saxelTa marTlwera, saxelTa warmoqmna (adamianTa warmomavlobis saxelebi)
miznebi_ literaturuli teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ sakuTari azris gamoxatva da dasabuTeba_ gabmul metyvelebaze muSaoba, Sinaarsis gadmocema (TxrobiT, werilo
biT)_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ teqstis ageba, literaturuli personaJebis martivad daxasiaTeba_ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ ricxviTi saxelis marTlweris daufleba_ saxelTa warmoqmnaze dakvirveba.
I gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ mzadeba kiTxvisaTvis (5-7 wT):es muSaoba SeiZleba warvmarToT orgvarad:a) maswavlebeli klass aZlevs sayrden frazas:`saqarTvelos mtrebi~ da avalebs Seadginon zepiri Txzuleba istoriul
Temaze. es samuSao umjobesia Sesruldes jgufurad (ori an sami jgufi inawilebs Temebs).
b) moswavleebi ixseneben r. inaniSvilis wina klasebSi Seswavlil nawarmoebebs da saubroben maT Sesaxeb.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (15 wT):maswavlebeli iwyebs teqstis kiTxvas, pirvel abzacs kiTxulobs mxatvru
lad, kiTxvaSi gawafuli moswavleebi erTmaneTis monacvleobiT agrZeleben kiTxvas (sami moswavle mainc). teqsti mTlianad agebulia istoriulpatriotul motivze, aqedan gamomdinare, unda SeirCes zomierad dramatuli intonacia da tempi.
maswavlebeli svams pirveli donis kiTxvebs, romelTa pasuxebs moswavleebi saxelmZRvaneloSi amoikiTxaven:
_ ra ambavi Seatyobines Temurlengs macneebma? (Temurlengs macneebma Seatyobines, ̀ isev aiSalnen qarTvelebi, isev gamoiRes xeli, Jleten Cvens razmebsa da urdoebs, gamagrdnen cixeebSi da uars amboben morCilebazeo~);
_ ra saSualebiT daamarcxa `samyaros mbrZanebelma~ qarTvelebi?_ rogor aRgviwers meistorie saqarTvelos rbevas? (`brialebda qalaqebi
da soflebi, miwisZvrisagan CamoSvavebuliviT ingreoda cixeebi, ikafeboda baRebi da venaxebi, cxenebs uWirdaT daxocilTa gvamebSi brunva da gaRizianebulebi swvdebodnen erTmaneTs kbilebiT~).
_ rogor aris aRwerili birTvisis cixe? moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi
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saTanado adgilebi (`mainc aRmoCnda gautexeli cixe, birTvisad wodebuli, as ormocdaaTi adlis simaRle kldis wverze aziduli, ormxriv RrmaReleCamomdinari, Rrantiani, viwro alagi, rome kacisagan ar daidgomeboda~);
_ ratom ver SeZlo Temurlengma birTvisis cixis aReba? (cixisken mimavali gza ar arsebobda, masze mxolod bagiriT Tu acocdebodi);
_ vin daexmara mas amaSi? (mas amaSi daexmara qurTi erovnebis jambazi biCagi);
_ ra `sasiamovno ambavi~ Seityo Temurlengma? (man Seityo qarTvelebis udardelobisa da drostarebis ambavi);
_ ra xerxs mimarTes cixis xelSi Casagdebad dampyroblebma? (cixis xelSi Casagdebad biCagisa da misi ori muSaiTis profesia _ sabelze cocva gamoiyenes, moqsoves abreSumis bagirebi, sabeliT gadaZvrnen cixis galavanze, cixis ezoSi mdgar xes Seabes naqsovi kibeebi, romlebzec mtris ormocdaaTi narCevi vaJkaci acocda da RamiT veragulad amoxoces miZinebuli qarTveloba).moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi is adgili, sadac birTvisis cixis aRebaa aRwerili (moigragneboda da mobRaoda razmi razmebze, samocma qarTvelma, daWrilebma da dasaxiCrebulebma, damorCilebis niSani gamohkides koSkidan, magram ara qna, ar Seiwyala Temurma. maSin, visac SeZvris Rone hqonda, waikres xeli xmalTa);
_ ratom ar ikadra xorasnelma Wabukma mZinare qarTvelebis xocva? (`Wabukuri rwmenisa Tu gulovanebis gamo~ _ rogorc dasZens avtori, SesaZloa mas rogorc yuranSi ganswavluls, codvad miaCnda udanaSaulo, uiaraRo adamianebis xocva); ra iyo misi `danaSauli~? (misi danaSauli isaa, rom dananebiT aRmomxdari sityvebi `allah, allah~, mizezi gaxda mZinare mecixovneebis gaRviZebisa da daugegmavi brZolis gaCaRebisa);
_ rogor gausworda Temurlengi tyveebs? (Temurma tyveebis wamebiT amoxocvis brZaneba gasca); gaixseneT xnieri cixisTavis dasjis magaliTi (xnieri cixisTavi daamxes, miwa aalokines, Semdeg ki jalaTs gadasces wamebisaTvis);
_ ra ganaCeni gamoutana langTemurma xorasnel Wabuks? (ganaCeni aseTi iyo: wamebis gareSe, basri culiT Tavis mokveTa); ra iyo mizezi misi `Sebralebisa~? (misi `Sebralebis~ mizezi iyo misi ganaTlebuloba, werakiTxvisa da yuranis codna, Temurlengi ki ganaTlebis motrfiale iyo);
moswavleebi xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs `sityvis salarosa~ da maswavleblis daxmarebiT.
informacia maswavleblebisaTvisxorasani _ istoriuli olqi Sua aRmosavleTSi, moicavda Tanamedrove iranisa da avRane
Tis nawils; VII sSi daipyres arabebma. VIIIXIII ssSi ekonomikurad ganviTarebuli qveyana iyo. IX sdan ax. sparsuli enisa da literaturis aRorZinebis kerad iTvleboda. xorasnis das. nawilSi Sahabas Ima daasaxla kaxeTidan gadasaxlebuli qarTvelebi.
Tavrizi _ Tabrizi, qalaqi CrdilodasavleT iranSi, ajiCais xeobaSi, 1364 metris simaRleze. mosaxleobis mixedviT, qveynis meore qalaqi (Teiranis Semdeg). daaarses IIIIV saukuneebSi sasanianTa dinastiis warmomadgenlebma.
baRdadi _ erayis dedaqalaqi 1921 wlidan, mdebareobs mdinare tigrosis napirebze. daaarsa xalifa mansurma 762 wels da aqcia abasianTa saxalifos (abasianebi _ samefo gvari) dedaqalaqad. Zvelad mas ewodeboda madinaT al-salami (mSvidobis qalaqi), rac sparsulad unda niSnavdes `RvTis naboZebs~ (Zvel qarTul wyaroebSi igi babilonad moixsenieba).
birTvisis cixe _ cixesimagre istoriul qvemo qarTlSi, algeTis xeobaSi (axlandeli TeTriwyaros rni), wyaroebSi moxseniebulia XI sSi, rodesac kldekaris erisTavma liparitma da qarTlis erisTavma ivane abazas Zem Seipyres Tbilisis amira da birTvisi CamoarTves. bir Tvisi
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aucilebel cixesimagred iTvleboda. misi mflobeli ki politikurad batonobda mTels algeTis xeobaze, miuval kldeebs Soris Seqmnili bunebrivi simagre daculia cixis kedlebiT da daaxloebiT 1 kv. kms moicavs. yvelaze maRal kldeze dgas koSki `Seupovari~. cixis misasvleli Caketilia karibWiT. gvianfeodalur xanaSi birTvisi baraTaSvilebis feodalur sagvareulos ekuTvnoda.
Temur-lengi (evropulad tamerlani) _ 13361405 wlebSi moRvawe Suaazieli mxedarTmTavari, emiri, gaTurqebuli monRolis _ Segis TaraRais _ Svili. 1362 wels igi fexSi daiWra da amis gamo `Temurlengi~ (tajikurad `koWli Temuri~) Searqves. igi Cingizyaenis STamomavalTa saxeliT erTpirovnulad ganagebda, aiRo xvarazmi, daangria misi dedaqalaqi urgenCi.
Temurlengi did yuradRebas uTmobda mecnierebisa da kulturis ganviTarebas, dapyrobili qveynebidan mohyavda ostatebi da agebda sasaxleebs, meCeTebs, mavzoleumebs. misi saxelmwifos dedaqalaqi iyo samaryandi. misi laSqrobebi sisastikiT gamoirCeoda. is rvajer Semoesia saqarTvelos 13861403 wlebSi da udidesi ziani miayena qarTul saxelmwifos. am dros saqarTvelos mefea bagrat V, romelic aiZula rjuli Seecvla, magram Svilis, giorgi VIIis, saSualebiT male man Tavi daixsna...
meeqvse Semosevis dros mas gadawyvetili hqonda saqarTvelos mTeli mosaxleobis gaTaTreba an pirwmindad gaJleta. mterma moaoxra mTeli aRmosavleT da samxreT saqarTvelo, dalewa cixekoSkebi, gaZarcva da daangria eklesiamonastrebi, gakafa baRvenaxebi, dawva da daangria soflebi da dabaqalaqebi, gaJlita uamravi xalxi, samoci aTasze meti tyve waiyvana.
birTvisis cixis alya 1403 wlis ivliss ukavSirdeba. cixis erTi muSa garnizoni 3 kviris ganmavlobaSi mamacurad igeriebda mtris ieriSebs. cixis dapyrobis Semdeg Temurlengma gailaSqra dasavleT saqarTveloze da giorgi VIIis devnaSi mivida afxazeTis sazRvramde. raki saqarTvelos mefis winaaRmdegoba ver gatexa, igi iZulebuli gaxda dazaveboda giorgi VIIs. am zaviT igi cnobda saqarTvelos, rogorc qristianul qveyanas. es iyo qarTveli xalxis didi gamarjveba, romelic mopovebul iqna adamianTa auracxeli msxverplisa da uzarmazari zaralis fasad.
yurani _ (arabulad kuran _ wakiTxva), muslimanTa religiis, islamis dogmebisa da debulebebis krebuli, muslimanTa ̀ wminda wigni~, islamis fuZemdeblis muhamedis mier ̀ winaswarmetyveluri~ zeSTagonebisa da aRtyinebis dros (meqasa da medinaSi 610632 wlebSi) warmoTqmuli qadagebebi. islamis Tanaxmad, adamianTaTvis gasageb enaze muhamed winaswarmetyvelis mier ametyvelebuli `alahis sityva~. zepirad gadacemuli teqsti pirvelad muhamedis sikvdilis (632 wlis) Semdeg Caweres. kanonikur teqstSi Sedis 114 gamocxadeba _ sura (Tavi).
yurani Sinaarsobrivad Seicavs locvebs, Selocvebs da wyevlas (uZvelesi nawili), esqatologiur (winaswarmetyveleba `qveynis aRsasrulis~ Sesaxeb) surebs; masalebs damnaSavis dasjis, omis nadavlis ganawilebis Sesaxeb da sxv. riTac daakanones socialuri da qonebrivi uTanasworoba, qalis araTanasworuflebianoba.
yurani pirveli prozauli werilobiTi Zeglia arabul enaze, surebi gariTmulia (raji).yuranis wakiTxvis siZnele mdgomareobs imaSi, rom Zvel arabulSi xmovnebi ar iwereboda;
kiTxvis wesi sabolood daakanona 1923 wlis kairos gamocemam.
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Cumi kiTxva da gegmis Sedgena (10 wT):Cumi kiTxvis procesSi moswavleebi teqsts yofen calkeul nawilebad da
asaTaureben (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2).savaraudo gegma:1) Temurlengis saxe;2) birTvisis auRebeli cixe;3) qurTi biCagi _ idumali macne;4) `aoxrebis ZiliT mZinare~ qarTveloba;5) xorasneli Wabukis ucnauri gmiroba;6) xorasneli Wabukis `Sewyaleba~/`lmobieri~ Temurlengi/saSineli sas
jeli...moswavleebi gegmis mixedviT yvebian wakiTxulis Sinaarss.
aqtivoba 4 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (8 wT):gairkveva, rogor aRwers mwerali nawarmoebSi Temurlengs (`samyaros
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mbrZaneblis~ epiTetiT amkobs), ra sityvaTSeTanxmebebiT gvacnobs mis idumal zraxvebs (kopebSekruli, ubednieresi dampyrobeli, samyaros mbrZanebeli). qarTvel mecixovneebs (`sul advilad igeriebdnen moieriSeebs, mere isxdnen, mSvidad purobdnen, cas uSverdnen yanwebsa da jamebs~), rogoria qurTi biCagis saxe (`erT dRes vezirebma erTi ucnaurad momzirali qurTi mohgvares _ saxelad biCagi, muSaiTi, sabelze moTamaSe, ostati kedlebsa da kldeebze cocvisa~), rogor SeiZleba aixsnas xorasneli Wabukis ucnauri qmedeba (misi rainduli bunebiT, romlisTvisac uRirsi saqcielia mZinare da uiaraRo mtris mokvla); ratom iCens aseT `lmobierebas~ Temurlengi xorasneli Wabukis dasjisas (radgan afasebda mecnierebis moyvarul adamianebs), Tu Secvlian rames am nawarmoebSi da rogor (polemika warimarTeba mSvidad, moswavleebi eCvevian sxvisi azris pativiscemas, sakuTari azris naTlad gamoxatvas).
gaazrebasa da Sefasebaze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:_ ra iyo am omSi qarTvelTa damarcxebis mizezi? (qarTvelTa udardeloba
da uyuradReboba). _ Temurlengis ra Tvisebebze migviTiTebs mwerali, ra ipyrobs moswav
leTa yuradRebas? (mwerali migvaniSnebs Temurlengis mtkice xasiaTze, SorsmWvretelobaze, gonierebaze, mrisxanebaze, daundoblobaze...).
_ xorasneli Wabukis xasiaTis ra mxareebi Cans teqstSi? maT Soris romelia misaRebi, miuRebeli? (xorasneli Wabukis xasiaTis Tvisebebidan teqstSi Cans misi gulovaneba, simamace, vaJkacoba, siyvaruli moyvasisadmi, rwmena... xorasneli Wabukis Tvisebebidan romelia misaRebi, xolo romeli _ miuRebeli, amaze Tavad moswavleebi imsjeleben).
_ CaiTvleba Tu ara xorasneli Wabukis sikvdiliT dasja `Sebralebad~? (amaze bevri urTierTgamomricxavi azri daebadebaT moswavleebs, _ maT unda mieces sakuTari azris Tamamad gamovlenis saSualeba)
_ amarTlebT Tu ara xorasneli Wabukis moqmedebas? aris Tu ara igi Tavisi xalxis moRalate? (xorasneli Wabuki moqmedebas zogierTi moswavle gaamarTlebs, zogi _ ara, sakuTari xalxis TvalSi xorasneli Wabuki moRalated aRiqmeba, magram igi aRmoCnda garemoebaTa msxverpli im TvisebaTa gamo: kacTmoyvareoba, rwmena _ rac ar iyo misaRebi mis TvistomelTaTvis da ar Sedioda Temurlengis mtarvalur gegmebSi).
_ romeli Seswavlili (wakiTxuli) nawarmoebebi gagaxsendaT am teqstis kiTxvisas? ra saerTos xedavT maT Soris? mebrZolebis ra Tvisebebze amaxvilebs mwerali yuradRebas? (am teqstis kiTxvisas moswavleebs SeiZleba gaaxsendeT l. sanikiZis ̀ didgoris brZola~, II Temidan, an sxva nebismieri patriotulsaraindo Txzuleba. mwe rali yuradRebas amaxvilebs mebrZolebis fizikur momzadebaze, organizebulobaze).
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba-Sefaseba (3 wT): gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles, Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs. a) praqtikuli muSaoba, organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis floba
_ 40%;b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufan muSaoba, kiTxvebze
adekvaturi pasuxis gacema) _ 35%;
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g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba) _ 25%.
aqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):r. inaniSvilis `xorasneli Wabuki~; moiniSnon teqstSi is adgili, romelmac
yvelaze metad daafiqraT; `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba # #3.
II gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba (8 wT):gakveTils viwyebT wina gakveTilze micemuli davalebis (teqstSi moiniSnon
is adgili, romelmac yvelaze metad daafiqraT) irgvliv msjelobiT. maswavlebeli im moswavleebs waakiTxebs teqsts, romelTac gansxvavebuli adgilebi aqvT moniSnuli. gadmoscemen, Tu ratom daafiqraT im adgilma, rogori ganwyoba SeeqmnaT misi wakiTxvis dros. moswavleebi Seavseben erTmaneTis pasuxebs, Semdeg upasuxeben maswavleblis mier dasmul pirveli donis kiTxvebs.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema (13 wT):moswavleebi teqstis Sinaarss gadmoscemen da gaiazreben jer maswavlebe
lis mier dasmuli damxmare kiTxvebis saSualebiT:_ rodis moxda nawarmoebSi aR werili ambavi? (Zvel droSi) _ ratom fiqro
ben ase? (teqstSi aRwerilia birTvisis cixis aRebis ambavi)...
_ rogor aris aRwerili teqstSi cixeSi myofi qarTvelebis cxovreba, riT aris cudi maTi udardeloba, risi sababi xdeba mogvianebiT maTi purobanadimi? (mtris moulodneli Tavdasxmis).
_ ra ver SeniSnes mecixovneebma? (maT ver SeniSnes sabelebi);maswavlebeli gaaxsenebs moswavleebs qurTi biCagis mier Txis dakvlis am
bavsac.ukve Sedgenili gegmis mixedviT moswavleebi teqstis Sesabamisi monakveTis
Sinaarss gadmoscemen gabmuli TxrobiT._ qurTi biCagis ra Tviseba Cans am monakveTSi? (cbiereba, eSmakoba)._ xorasneli Wabukis ra Tviseba Cans momdevno monakveTSi (vaJkacoba, rain
doba...)._ Tu Cans nawarmoebSi mwerlis pozicia momxdari faqtisadmi? Tu aris is
gamoxatuli sityvierad? maS, rogor vgrZnobT avtoris mizandasaxulobas _ gagvacnos idealuri gmiri, ra mxatvruli saSualebebiT axorcielebs mwerali mizans? (mwerlis pozicia emTxveva meistoriis azrs, meistoriis sityvebi Casmulia brWyalebSi, _ Txroba mimdinareobs mesame pirSi, avtori TiTqmis ganyenebulia, magram citatebis SerCevaSi sacnaurdeba misi humanisturi pozicia).
aqtivoba 3 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (13 wT.):a) brWyalebis xmareba:_ ras uwodebs meistorie Temurlengs? (`samyaros mbrZanebels~)._ ra sasveni niSania am sityvebTan gamoyenebuli? (brWyalebi)._ rogor fiqrobT, ratom? (imitom, rom es sityvebi avtors ki ara, meisto
ries ekuTvnis).
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_ sad aris kidev teqstSi meistories sityvebi? (`viwro alagi, rom kacisgan ar daidgomeboda~, `aoxrebis ZiliT eZinaT~, `visac SeZvris Rone hqonda...~).
eZleva daskvna: brWyalebSi Caismis visime naTqvamidan Tu naweridan pirdapir, sityvasityviT motanili adgili. am codnis gamoyenebiT klasSive sruldeba da gaanalizdeba davaleba #5 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
b) frazeologizmze dakvirveba:_ teqstSi gvxvdeba aseTi fraza:`magram es mxolod brWyalebis waWra iyo gveleSapisTvis~, _ ras niSnavs
aq sityva `brWyalebi~? (mtacebeli frinvelis an cxovelis frCxilebi). rogor gesmiT `gveleSapisTvis brWyalebis waWra~? (gveleSapis dasusteba. gveleSapSi mteri igulisxmeba).
aqtivoba 4 _ Sejameba (3 wT):moswavleebi ajameben, ra iswavles am gakveTilebze axali (Seiswavles r.
inaniSvilis moTxroba `xorasneli Wabuki~, daeuflnen mxatvruli kiTxvis Cvevas, aages teqstebi mocemul Temaze, gaecnen saqarTvelos istoriul warsuls, gaiges vin iyo Temurlengi, sad mdebareobs birTvisis istoriuli cixe, Seimecnes adamianuri faseulobebi _ Semwynarebloba, raindoba, vaJkacoba...).
aqtivoba 5 _ Sefaseba (3 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles. Sefasebisas
iTvaliswinebs parametrebs: a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo-
ba)_40 %; b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema)_35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba)_25%.
aqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):`xorasneli Wabuki~, `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #4.
III gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ diskusia (15 wT):maswavlebeli amowmebs wina gakveTilze micemul davalebas _ moswav
leebs unda SeesrulebinaT # #4 davaleba `aqtivobis rveulidan~.davalebis Semowmebis Semdeg maswavlebeli asaubrebs im moswavleebs,
romelTac gansxvavebuli azri aqvT xorasneli Wabukis saqcielze. moswavleebi Tamamad ayalibeben sakuTar Sexedulebebs xorasneli Wabukisa da misi qmedebis (CvenTvis gmirobis, xolo misi TanamebrZolebisTvis _ Ralatis) irgvliv. maswavlebeli ekiTxeba klass: xom ar axsovT sxva romelime nawarmoebi, maT mier Seswavlili an wakiTxuli, romelsac msgavsi siuJeti aqvs. moswavleebi marTaven diskusias Tevdore mRvdlis, cotne dadianis, qeTevan wamebulis irgvliv.
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aqtivoba 2 _ moTxrobis gagrZelebaze muSaoba (8 wT):maswavlebeli svams kiTxvas: rom SesZleboda xorasnel Wabuks gaqceva
gana Cenis aRsrulebamde, rogor moiqceoda igi? rogori iqneboda misi Semdgomi cxovreba? ra Tavgadasavals moigoneben misTvis moswavleebi?
eZlevaT azrebis Tavisufali gamoxatvis saSualeba deviziT: yvelas azri sainteresoa.
aqtivoba 3 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (12 wT):a) frazeologizmebze muSaoba:Tavis daRweva _ /gaTavisufleba, gadarCena/Tavis moqonva _/pirferobiT, tkbili sityviT visime gadabireba/Tavis sasworze dadeba _ /Tavis safrTxeSi Cagdeba/Tvalyuris devneba _/ yuradRebis miqceva, patronoba/Tmebis yalyze dadgoma _ / SeSineba, SeZrwuneba, aRelveba, aRSfoTeba/Tokis waWera yelSi _/ukidures mdgomareobaSi Cagdeba/
bB) sadaurobis saxelebi: xorasani _ xorasneliTavrizi _ TavrizelibaRdadi _ baRdadelibirTvisi _ birTviseli
maswavlebeli moswavleebs ganumartavs, rom pirvel mwkrivSi Camoweril kiTxvebs daesmis ,,ra~ kiTxva, meore mwkrivSi Camoweril sityvebs ki _ SekiTxva `sadauri?~ isini iwarmoeba pirvel mwkrivSi mocemul sityvebze -el bolosarTis darTviT.
g) ricxviTi saxelis marTlwera:moZebnon teqstSi raodenobiTi ricxviTi saxelebi, gaarkvion, romelia
erTfuZiani, orfuZiani, orze metfuZiani; daakvirdnen, rogor iwereba isini: mag.:
erTfuZianebi: orfuZianebi: orze metfuZianebi:
oTxi ormocdaaTi as ormocdaaTierTixuTi...
moswavleebi daimaxsovreben, rom rTuli ricxviTi saxelebi asis far-glebSi da aseulebis aRmniSvneli ricxviTi saxelebi iwereba erTad (ormocdaaTi, samoci...); ricxviTi saxelebi ass zemoT (garda mrgvali aseulebisa) iwereba cal-calke ( as ormocdaaTi, oras TxuTmeti...)
aqtivoba 4 _ Sejameba (5 wT.): moswavleebi ajameben, ra iswavles am gakveTilebze axali ( Seiswavles
r. inaniSvilis moTxroba `xorasneli Wabuki~, daeuflnen gamometyvelebiTi
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kiTxvis Cvevas, aages teqstebi mocemul Temaze, gaecnen saqarTvelos istoriul warsuls, gaiges vin iyo Temurlengi, sad mdebareobs birTvisis istoriuli cixe, Seimecnes adamianuri faseulobebi_ Semwynarebloba, raindoba...).
aqtivoba 5 _ Sefaseba (3 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli klasTan erTad afasebs ramdenime mos
wavles. Sefasebisas iTvaliswinebs Semdeg parametrebs:a) praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo
ba) _ 40% b) msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema) _35%; g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba) _ 25%.
aqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):`xorasneli Wabuki~, davaleba #6 (`moswavlis rveuli~); aagon zepiri teq sti
Temaze: `mamulisaTvis Tavdadebuli gmirebi~.
Sedegebis kodi:
Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg
V. 6. moswavles gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi.
V. 7. moswavle gamoyofs da asaxelebs teqstis mTavar sakiTxebs; amoicnobs teqstis zedapirze (eqspliciturad) mocemul faqtobriv informacias; akavSirebs erTmaneTTan faqtebs, movlenebs, moqmedebebs da gamoaqvs saTanado daskvnebi; gansazRvravs teqstis erT monakveTSi an mis sxvadasxva nawilSi asaxul movlenebs, faqtebs Soris arsebul logikur kavSirebs (mizezSedegobrivs, SepirispirebiTs, pirobiTsa da sxva); ganarCevs faqts Tvalsazrisisagan; teqstis mTliani gaazrebis safuZvelze gamoaqvs daskvna.
V. 8. moswavle gaazrebulad akavSirebs saTaurs teqstTan; ganarCevs mTavar da meorexarisxovan personaJebs; ganmartavs personaJTa qcevis motivs da afasebs maT saqciels; axasiaTebs personaJebs rogorc eqspliciturad mocemul informaciaze dayrdnobiT, ise Sinaarsis gaazrebis safuZvelze; yofs teqsts Sinaarsobriv nawilebad; gamoaqvs daskvna personaJebs Soris arsebuli urTierTobis Sesaxeb; sakuTari sityvebiT gadmoscems teqstis Sinaarss;
V. 9. asaxelebs nawarmoebis Temas; avlebs paralels Tematurad msgavs nawarmoebebTan; msjelobs misTvis saintereso sakiTxebis Sesaxeb da gamoxatavs sakuTar pozicias; afasebs nawarmoebSi ganviTarebul movlenebs sxvadasxva personaJis poziciidan; amoicnobs da asaxelebs martiv mxatvrul simboloebs.
V. 12. moswavles SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna.
V. 14. moswavles SeuZlia gramatikuli wesebis marTebulad gamoyeneba da marTlweris normebis dacva.
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akaki wereTlis `mesarke~, Zireuli da warmoqmnili (xelobis aRmniSvneli) saxelebi (terminis gareSe); saxelTa bruneba (ricxviTi saxeli arsebiTTan erTad).
miznebi_ literaturuli teqstis kiTxva da analizi _ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ literaturis Janrebze (zRapari) dakvirveba_ gabmul Txrobaze muSaoba_ werilobiTi teqstis ageba, naweris koreqtireba_ teqstis gagrZelebaze muSaoba_ saxelTa warmoqmnaze dakvirveba, leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ orToepiulorTografiul CvevaTa formireba
I gakveTili aqtivoba 1 _ mzadeba kiTxvisaTvis, stumrad zRaparTan (zRaprebis sam-
yaroSi) (7- 8 wT):maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs, gaixsenon, ra zRaprebi waukiTxavT,
romeli maTgani daamaxsovrdaT yvelaze metad, romelia maTTvis yvelaze sayvareli, romeli zRapruli personaJi moswonT da ratom... SeiZleba amas erTgvari Sejibris xasiaTic mivceT – gaimarjvebs is, vinc yvelaze met zRapars daasaxelebs. Semdeg klasi iyofa or jgufad: I jgufs evaleba gaixsenos da isaubros xalxur zRaprebze, meores _ mwerlebis mier daweril (literaturul) zRaprebze. aanalizeben, ra niSnebiT xasiaTdeba saerTod zRapari (masSi moTxrobilia daujerebeli ambavi, bolo keTili aqvs, xalxuri zRaprebis umravlesoba iwyeba `iyo da ara iyora~Ti, bolovdeba: `Wiri iqa, lxini aqa...~); ra msgavsebaa xalxur da literaturul zRaprebs Soris (orivegan aRwerilia ambavi, romelic ar momxdara; orives dasasruli keTilia...), ra gansxvavebaa (xalxuri zRapris Semoqmedi xalxia, mas erTi konkretuli avtori ar hyavs, aqvs tradiciuli Sesavali da dasasruli; literaturul zRapars ki mwerali wers, mas SeiZleba ar hqondes tradiciuli dasawyisi da dasasruli…); axsenebs maTTvis cnobil mezRapreebs (a. wereTeli , o. ioseliani, g. petriaSvili, a. lindgreni, S. pero, Zmebi grimebi...…).
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:zRapari _ poetur gamonagonze, fantastikur ambavze agebuli TxrobiTi nawarmoebi,
romelic dakavSirebulia sinamdvilesTan ideiT, TematikiT, motivebiT, siuJetiT, enobrivi TaviseburebebiT, erovnuli koloritiT. zRapari aris rogorc prozauli, ise leqsis formiT dawerili. igi Eeposis erTerTi Janria. sawyisebi uZveles xalxur sityvierebaSi aqvs. zRapris samecniero klasifikacia ar arsebobs. Mmagram pirobiTad SeiZleba gamovyoT Semdegi jgufebi:
a) zRaprebi cxovelTa Sesaxeb, romlebic ukavSirdeba winaklasobrivi sazogadoebis totemizms. droTa ganmavlobaSi man SeiZina igavarakis xasiaTi, didqtikuri motivi;
b) jadosnuri zRaprebi, romlebic ganisazRvreba xalxis warmodgeniT sikeTisa da boro
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tebis Sesaxeb, misi idealebiT. igi mdidaria fantastikuri elementebiT. KaseT zRapars xSirad aqvs dasawyisi (`iyo da ara iyo ra~ tipisa) da dasasruli (`Wiri iqa, lxini aqa~ tipisa). jadosnuri zRaprebis rigs miekuTvneba saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven mier Setanili `bedi da iRbali~, romelic amoRebulia `xalxuri sibrZnis~ II tomidan (Cawerilia qarTlSi al. Rlontis mier, mTqmeli fida kviwiniZe);
g) saTavgadasavlo zRaprebi, sadac gmirTa Tavgadasavali moTxrobilia fantastikuri elementebis gareSe;
d) sayofacxovrebo zRaprebi, romlebic asaxaven adamianebisa da sazogadoebis urTierTobis sxvadasxva sferos. isini gamoirCeva socialuri mizanmimarTulebiT. sayofacxovrebo zRaprebs prof. al. Rlonti xalxur novelas uwodebs. xalxuri novela aris mcire zomis moTxroba sayofacxovrebo Temaze, misTvis ucxoa jadosnuri zRaprebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fantastikuri elementebi, zRapris tradiciuli dasawyisi da dasasruli. Mmoqmedeba aq realisturad viTardeba. Tematurad es novelebi mravalferovania. maTi personaJebi cxovrebidan aRebuli Cveulebrivi adamianebi arian. sayofacxovrebo zRapris, anu xalxuri novelis, tipur nimuSs warmodgens saxelmZRvaneloSi Cven mier Setanili `filosofosi da viri~, romelic amoRebuli gvaqvs `xalxuri sibrZnis~ II tomidan.
Yyvela zRaparSi dadebiTi gmiri gamrjvebulia, bolo keTilia. zRaprebSi Txroba warsul droSia. zRapars Tavisi mTqmelebi hyavda, romlebic mas individualur iers sZendnen. Aamitomacaa zRaprebi variantebis simravliT cnobili.
qarTuli xalxuri zRapari Soreul warsulSi gaCnda, magram misi pirveli Canaweri VII ss. ekuTvnis. XIX sdan zRaprebis Cawera sistematurad xdeba. Ggamovida qarTuli xalxuri zRaprebis ramdenime krebuli m. Ciqovanis, q. sixaruliZis, e. virsalaZis, a. Rlontis redaqciiT (litra: a. Wilaia, r. Wialaia, `literaTuraTmcodneobis cnebebi~, Tb., 1984; `xalxuri sibrZne~, t. II, Tb. 1964, SeniSvnebi da winasityvaoba daurTo al. Rlontma).
mwerlebic mimarTaven zRapris Janrs, romelsac sayofacxovrebo da SemecnebiTi xasiaTi aqvs _ ix. saxelmZRvaneloSi a. wereTlis `mesarke~.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi (15 wT):maswavlebeli iwyebs teqstis kiTxvas, agrZeleben moswavleebi. warimarTeba
gamokrebiTi kiTxva. aixsneba ucnobi sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, gamoiyeneben `sityvis salaros~:
mesarke _ sarkeebis ostatimosisxari mteri _ mosisxle mterisaCivari _ oficialuri gancxadeba, romliTac iTxoven raime usamar
Tlobis, usiamovnebis aRkveTasmomCivari _ momCivani, vinc uCivis visme, visac sasamarTloSi aqvs saCi
vari Setanilimopasuxe _ vis winaaRmdegac momCivani aRZravs sarCelsmoswavleebi upasuxeben maswavleblis mier dasmul pirveli donis kiT
xvebs:_ ras uCiodnen mesarkes? (mesarkes uCiodnen Tavisi xelobis borotad
gamoyenebas)._ vin iyo momCivani? Mmopasuxe? (momCivani iyo aTasobiT qali, mopasuxe
ki_mesarke)._ ratom miiCnia mefem mesarke `saZagel~ kacad? (mTeli qveyana masze iyo
gadamterebuli); ra iyo amis mizezi? (amis mizezi iyo cru braldeba mesarke ostatze).
_ riT imarTla Tavi mesarkem mefesTan? (mesarkem mefesTan Tavi danarCeni ormoci lamazi qalis ,,CvenebiT~ imarTla).
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_ vin iyo mesarkis `mosisxari mteri~? (mosisxari mtrebi iyvnen maxinji qalebi); `guliTadi megobari~? (guliTadi megobrebi_ lamazmanebi).
_ ra ganaCeni gamoitana mefem? (mefis ganaCeni ase JRerda: ,, dReis iqiT aRa ravin gabedos saCivari aRarc mesarkeebze da aRarc mwerlebze, radganac orive erTmaneTs emsgavsebian moxeleobiTo~);
teqstis gaazrebisaTvis daismis kiTxvebi:_ ratom uCiodnen qalebi mesarkes? (qalebi mesarkes maTi damaxinjebis
gamo uCiodnen); maTi azriT, ra iyo amis mizezi? (cudad damzadebuli sarke...)._ ratom iyvnen `mosisxari mtrebi~ `erTgul megobrebze~ bevrad metni?
(ulamazoebi ricxobrivad sWarbobdnen lamazebs)._ ramdenad samarTliani iyo qalebis saCivari? iyo Tu ara mesarke marTla
damnaSave? (qalebis saCivari ar iyo samarTliani, mesarke udanaSaulo iyo, misi damzadebuli sarke yvelas Tavis namdvil saxes uCvenebda).
_ Tqveni azriT, mesarkes iseTi sarkeebi rom daemzadebina, romlebSic yvela qali lamazi gamoCndeboda, eyoleboda Tu ara mas amdeni momCivani? (savaraudo pasuxia _ ara). misi damzadebuli sarkeebi rogor gaiyideboda? (ufro meti gaiyideboda, radgan yvelas surs Tavisi Tavi lamazi ixilos).
_ ratom ar Ralatobda mesarke Tavis xelobas? (is kargi xelosani iyo da ar SeeZlo cudi sarkis damzadeba da xalxis motyueba).
_ mesarkis ra Tvisebebi Cans am zRaparSi? daasabuTeT teqstidan (patio-sani iyo imitom, rom ar surda vinmes motyueba; samarTliani iyo imitom, rom yvelas namdvil saxes uCvenebda; gonieri iyo imitom, rom advilad imarTla Tavi xelmwifesTan da SeZlo Tavisi udanaSaulobis damtkiceba…...) .
_ ramdenad samarTlianad geCvenebaT mefis ganaCeni? (am kiTxvaze moswavleebs eqnebaT individualuri pasuxebi, warimarTeba jansaRi polemika).
_ Tqveni azriT, ratom Seadara mefem mesarkisa da mwerlis profesiebi erTmaneTs? ra aqvT maT saerTo? (mwerlisa da mesarkis profesiebi erTmaneTs imiT hgavs, rom orive arsebuli sinamdvilis asaxvas emsaxureba, aRmoaCens mankier mxareebs, raTa SevZloT misi Secvla ukeTesobisken);
mesarke
sarkes amzadebs........
wers........
mwerali
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aqtivoba 3 _ gegmis Sedgena da Sinaaarsis gadmocema (6-7 wT) :moswavleebi teqsts yofen nawilebad da adgenen gegmas, romelic, savarau
dod, aseT saxes miiRebs:1) saCivrebi sawyal kacze2) momCivani qalebi3) mesarkis guliTadi megobrebi4) samarTliani mefis ganaCenimoswavleebi gegmis mixedviT gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss jer nawil
nawil, Semdeg ki _ gabmuli TxrobiT mTlianad.
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (5 wT):maswavlebeli moswavleTa yuradRebas miapyrobs xelobis saxelTa war
moebaze, am mizniT igi moswavleebs aZlevs davalebas: moZebnon teqstSi xelobis aRmniSvneli sityva (mesarke_ mesarke), aseve_ gaixsenon xelobis aRmniSvneli sxva sityvebic (mag.: mewaRe, mebaRe, menave, memanqane, meTevze...); daakvirdnen, rogor warmoiqmneba xelobis aRmniSvneli sityvebi arsebiTi saxelebisagan me- TavsarTisa da -e bolosarTis darTviT.
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba (2 wT): moswavleebi ajameben, ra Seityves am gakveTilze axali _ gaiges msgavseba
da gansxvaveba xalxur da literaturul zRaprebs Soris; gaecnen mwerlisa da mwer lobis daniSnulebas, saxelTa warmoqmnis konkretul SemTxvevas (xelobis aRmniSvneli saxeebi).
aqtivoba 6 _ Sefaseba (2 wT): gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli klasTan erTad komentariT afasebs ram
denime moswavles. Sefasebisas iTvaliswinebs Semdeg parametrebs:a)praqtikuli muSaoba (organizebuloba, SemoqmedebiToba, masalis flo
ba), b)msjeloba klasSi (aqtiuroba, partniorTan da jgufTan muSaoba, kiTxvebze adekvaturi pasuxis gacema), g) prezentacia (sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, koreqtuloba).
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):saSinao davalebad eZlevaT teqstis mokle Sinaarsi dasawerad (`mos
wavlis rveuli~, davaleba #1); moifiqron da daweron 5 winadadeba, romlebSiac iqneba xelobis aRmniSvneli saxelebi.
II gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis gaazreba, dayofa nawilebad da Sinaarsis gad-mocema (10 wT):
aqve maswavlebeli amowmebs wina gakveTilze micemul davalebas_ moswavleebs unda daeweraT teqstis _ ,,mesarkes~_ mokle Sinaarsi da SeedginaT 5
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winadadeba xelobis aRmniSvneli sityvebis gamoyenebiT. davalebis Semowmebis Semdeg maswavlebeli ekiTxeba klass: xom ar axsovT sxva romelime nawarmoebi, maT mier Seswavlili an wakiTxuli, romelSic msgavsi ambavia moTxrobili. riT hgavs is nawarmoebebi `mesarkes~.…
aqtivoba 2 _ wakiTxulis Sefaseba (10 wT):maswavlebeli svams kiTxvebs:_ am teqsts Tu aqvs zRaprisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi? (diax, aqvs); ra
niSnebia es? (daujerebeli ambavi _ aTasi momCivani qali, Tanac maxinji; keTili dasasruli_mefem udanaSaulo mesarke ar dasaja da Seucdomeli gadawyvetileba miiRo ...).
_ ra aris am nawarmoebis Tema? (ulamazo qalebis saCivari mesarkeze). dedaazri? (simarTle aravis ar moswons; aravis ar siamovnebs sakuTar naklze miTiTeba; mwerali, mesarkis msgavsad, simarTles emsaxureba). ris Tqma surs mwerals?(albaT, mwerals surs gviTxras, rom adamianis naklis SemCneva da misi aRiareba mxo lod keTilSobiluri mizniTaa gamarTlebuli da ara dasacinad, es ki gmirobis tolfasia, radgan simarTlis mTqmels uamravi momduravi eyoleba; ,,simarTlis mTqmels cxeni Sekazmuli unda hyavdes~,_ambobs xal xuri sibrZne. mefis goniereba da samarTlianoba rom ara, mesarkes SeiZleba didi usiamovneba Sexvedroda..).
_ qalebis erT nawils ar moewona Tavisi namdvili saxis danaxva. rogor fiqrobT, vis ar moewoneba mwerlis naTqvami marTali sityva? (imas, vinc marTal sityvaSi Tavis nakls amoikiTxavs, amoicnobs).
_ teqstis romeli adgili gamoxatavs yvelaze ukeT mwerlis damokidebulebas momxdarisadmi? (`dReis iqiT aRaravin gabedos saCivari aRarc mesarkeebze da aRarc mwerlebze, radganac orive erTmaneTs emsgavsebian moxeleobiT~).
_ Tqveni azriT, Seefereba Tu ara teqstis bolos mocemuli andaza mis dedaazrs? (savaraudo pasuxia _ diax!).
_ Tqven Tu gqoniaT SemTxveva, pirSi geTqvaT Tqveni axloblisaTvis simarTle? ra Sedegi mohyolia amas? ramdenad gamarTlebulad geCvenebaT axloblisaTvis sawyeni simarTlis pirSi Tqma?
amgvar muSaobas SeiZleba mieces erTgvari saklaso diskusiis saxec.
aqtivoba 3 _ moTxrobis gagrZelebaze muSaoba (5-6 wT):maswavlebeli svams kiTxvas: mefes rom mcdari ganaCeni gamoetana, rogor
moiqceoda mesarke, rogori iqneboda misi Semdgomi cxovreba, ra Tavgadasavals moigoneben misTvis moswavleebi? maT eZlevaT azrebis Tavisufali gamoxatvis saSualeba deviziT: ,, yvelas azri sainteresoa.~
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (10 wT):_ yuradRebiT waikiTxeT teqsti da moZebneT masSi ricxviTi saxelebi (erTi,
aTi, aTasi, ormoci)._ daasaxeleT es ricxviTi saxelebi saTanado arsebiTebTan erTad (erTi
kaci, aTasi kaci, ormoci qali...).
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_ vabrunoT ricxviTi saxeli arsebiTTan erTad:saxelobiTi erTi kacimoTxrobiTi erTma kacmamicemiTi erT(da ara erTs) kacsnaTesaobiTi erTi(da ara erTis) kacismoqmedebiTi erTi(da ara erTis) kaciTviTarebiTi erT(da ara erTad) kacadwodebiTi erTo kaco
_ romel brunvebSi SeinarCuna ricxviTma saxelma srulad brunvis niSnebi? (saxelobiTSi, moTxrobiTSi, wodebiTSi). romel brunvebSi dakarga brunvis niSnebi srulad? (micemiTsa da viTarebiTSi). nawilobriv? (naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi).
_ axla Tqven ukve iciT, rogor ibrunvis ricxviTi saxeli erTi arsebiTTan erTad. teqstSi am ricxviTi saxelis brunebisas daSvebulia Secdoma. ipoveT es Secdoma da gaasworeT (erTs sawyal kacs).
klasSive sruldeba davaleba #3 (ricxviTi saxelis bruneba arsebiTTan erTad).
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT). aqtivoba 6 _ Sefaseba (2-3 wT). gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli klasTan erTad komentarebiT afasebs
ramdenime moswavles.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT):teqsti ̀ mesarke~, amoiweron teqstidan arsebiTi saxelebi da gaanawilon mo
cemuli sqemis mixedviT (davaleba #4).
Sedegebis kodi:
Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg
V. 2. moswavles SeuZlia jgufuri da individualuri sakomunikacio amocanebis ganxorcieleba.
V. 3. SeuZlia enobrivgramatikuli formebis aRqma da marTebulad gamoyeneba Sesabamis sametyvelo situaciebSi.
V. 5. SeuZlia sadiskusio strategiebis amocnoba da gamoyeneba. V. 7. moswavle gamoyofs da asaxelebs teqstis mTavar sakiTxebs; amoic
nobs teqstis zedapirze (eqspliciturad) mocemul faqtobriv informacias; akavSirebs erTmaneTTan faqtebs, movlenebs, moqmedebebs da gamoaqvs saTanado daskvnebi; teqstis mTliani gaazrebis safuZvelze gamoaqvs daskvna.
V. 8. amoicnobs da ganmartavs literaturuli zRapris msgavsebagansxvavebas xalxur zRaparTan;
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V. 10. adarebs sityvebs morfologiuri agebulebis mixedviT (saxelis brunvis formebs...); amoicnobs arsebiT, zedsarTav, ricxviT saxelebs;
V. 11. SeuZlia kiTxvis sxvadasxva strategiis gamoyeneba teqstis ukeT gaazrebis mizniT.
V. 12. SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna. V.14. werisas cdilobs Seswavlili gramatikuli wesebis safuZvelze daic
vas saliteraturo enis normebi, moaxdinos naweris koreqtireba.
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igav-arakis raoba, sulxan-saba orbelianis igav-arakebi: `ixvi da myvari~, `mefe da misi Svili~, `glaxaki da qila erbo~1, ricxviTi saxeli _ 3 sT 1
miznebi:_ literaturis Janrebze dakvirveba (igavaraki)_ mxatvruli teqstebis kiTxva da gaazreba, saTanado daskvnebis gakeTeba_ sakuTari azris dasabuTeba_ mwerlis enaze dakvirveba_ sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba_ ricxviTi saxelis marTlwerasTan (fuZegaorkecebuli ricxviTi saxeli)
dakavSirebuli orTografiuli Cvevebis gamomuSaveba
I gakveTili Aaqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba provocireba (7-8 wT):maswavlebeli klass axsenebs wina klasebSi Seswavlil igavarakebs da esaub
reba maT Sesaxeb; am dros SeiZleba gamoviyenoT jgufuri muSaoba: klasi davyoT jgufebad da davavaloT _ gaixsenon wina klasebSi Seswavlili igavarakebi da isaub ron maT Se saxeb. gaimarjvebs is jgufi, romelic ufro met igavaraks gaixsenebs da SeZlebs misi specifikis (simarTlis arapirdapiri gamoxatva, Segoneba...) ukeT gadmocemas. SeiZleba SevadginoT gonebrivi ieriSis ruka, romelic Seivseba klasis aqtiuri monawileobiT:
igav-araki
moqmedeben cxovelebi, frinvelebi... igulisxmebian adamianebi SeiZleba dawerili iyos rogorc
moTxrobis, ise leqsis saxiT
masSi aucileblad aris darigeba
qarTveli meigaveebi ariansulxan-saba, a. wereTeli...
1 es igavarakebi, marTalia, mcire moculobisaa, magram uxvad Seicavs moswavleTaTvis gaugebar sityvebsa
da gamoTqmebs, amitom umjobesia maTze muSaobas maswavlebelma calcalke akademiuri saaTi dauTmos.
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damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:
igav-araki_lirikulepikuri Janris nawarmoebi, zneobrivdamrigeblobiTi xasiaTis Txzu leba. Mmisi gmirebi arian cxovelebi, mcenareebi, mwerebi, qvewarmavlebi, magram igulisxmebian adamianebi (zogjer mis gmirebad gamoyvanili arian adamianebic). Mmis siuJetur arqiteqtonikas safuZvlad Sedareba udevs. axasiaTebs narTauli Tqma, alegoriuloba, satiruliumoristuli, komikuri elementebis siWarbe, rac mTavaria _ Segoneba. misTvis ucxoa metaforuli metyveleba, misi ena sadaa, avtologiuria (ar axasiaTebs sityvebisa da frazebis xmareba pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT), aseve axasiaTebs aforistulad Camoyalibebuli daskvna, Segoneba an mora-li, romelic igavarakis an TavSia, an boloSi. Gigav-araki gvxvdeba rogorc prozauli, ise leqsis formiT dawerili. Janrobrivad masTan yvelaze axlos dgas apologi (araki _ moTxrobebi cxovelTa cxovrebidan, romlisTvisac damaxasiaTebelia zneobrivi damrigebloba) da igavi (didaqtikuralegoriuli xasiaTis mcire formis nawarmoebi, religiur, zneobriv, sayofa cxovrebo Temebze dawerili).
igavTmwerlobis mamamTavrad iTvleba berZeni mona ezope (Zv. welTaRricxvis VIV ss), socialuri mdgomareobis gamo ezope (is mona iyo) iZulebuli iyo Tavisi Canafiqri alegoriulad gamoexata. Aase warmoiSva ezopes ena. Mmisi igavarakebi I sSi laTinurad gadmoiRo ferdusma da Semdeg swored es Targmanebi daedo safuZvlad evropul literaturaTa igavarakebs. maTi siuJetebis wyarod iqca agreTve induri `panCatatra~, sparsuli `qilila da damana~.
igavarakma sxvadasxva qveyanaSi SeiZina am qveynebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli erovnuli ieri da misi literaturis organul nawilad iqca. Aase warmoiqmna safrangeTSi lafontenis (XVII sk), germaniaSi lesingis (XVIII s), ruseTSi i. krilovis (XVIIIXIX ss.) igavarakebi. igavarakebis enam didi roli Seasrula am qveynebis literaturuli enebis ganviTarebaSi, xolo Segonebani ki, xSir SemTxvevaSi andazebisa da aforizmebis donemde ganviTarda. sulxan-saba orbelianis `sibrZne sicruisaSi~ saTaurSive aris gaxsnili igavarakis Janrobrivi arsi (a. Wilaia, r. Wilaia, literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebi, Tb. 1984, gv. 119120).
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (10 wT):igavaraks `ixvi da myvari~ Tavidan bolomde gamometyvelebiT kiTxulobs
maswavlebeli, Semdeg nawilnawil kiTxuloben moswavleebi da gzadagza xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs. Ggarda ̀ sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili sityve bisa da frazebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi leqsikuri erTeulebi:
zafxulman sicxes moumata _ Zalian dacxaadgili vicvaloT _ sacxovrebeli adgili SevicvaloTsamkvidros ver davuteveb _ Cems sacxovrebel adgils ver mivatovebrasa iqms _ ras akeTebsCemeulad _ CemsaviT... moswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben Cumadac da eZeben gaugebar sityvebsa da
gamoTqmebs.teqstis gagebisaTvis daismis Semdegi kiTxvebi:_ vin da vin arian am igavarakis moqmedi pirebi? (ixvi da myvari)._ ra aris `myvaris~ dRevandeli Sesatyvisi? (bayayi)._sad cxovrobdnen ixvi da myvari?_ ram Seawuxa isini? (sicxem da uwyloobam, zafxulSi gube daSra)._ ra gadawyvita ixvma? (moeZebna axali sacxovrebeli adgili)._ ratom ar miatova bayayma sacxovrebeli gube? waikiTxeT teqstidan sa
Tanado adgili (`Sen aqeTiqiT Trevas Cveulxar...~)._ ra Tqva ixvma mkvdari myvaris danaxvisas? (`Zmobilo, magisTana samkvidros
siyvaruls...~). teqstis gagebisaTvis dasmuli kiTxvebis pasuxebs moswavleebi jer wignSi
amoikiTxaven, Semdeg ki sakuTari interpretaciiT gadmoscemen.
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Aaqtivoba 3 _teqstis gaazreba (7 wT):_ Tqveni azriT, ramdenad sworad moiqca ixvi, rodesac sacxovrebeli ad
gili gamoicvala? rogor SeafasebT myvaris saqciels – ar mietovebina Waobi? (aq moswavleebs vaZlevT azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmisa da dasabuTebis saSualebas. Mmoqmedebs principi: yvelas azri sainteresoa).
_ moqmedi pirebis ra Tvisebebi Cans am teqstSi? (ixvi gonieria, cdilobs moZebnos Seqmnili mZime mdgomareobidan gamosavali, gadairCinos Tavi, amitomac icvlis sacxovrebel adgils da eZebs ukeTess; myvari ki Zalze Seyvarebulia Tavis `samkvidroze~, iq sikvdili urCevnia sxvagan sicocxles).
_ romeli gmiris saqcieli ufro mogwonT? ratom? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
_ ra aqvs am or gmirs saerTo? gansxvavebuli? (saerToa is, rom orive Waobis binadaria; gansxvaveba ki is aris, rom erTisTvis advilia samkvidros mitoveba, meore ki Zalzea Seyvarebuli masze, is mzad aris, mokvdes da ar miatovos Tavisi samyofeli, Waobis iqiT arafris naxva ar ainteresebs).
oriveWaobSi
cxovrobs
advilad icvlis sacxovrebel
adgils. . .
ver elevaTavis samkvidros
. . .
_ Tqveni azriT, rogor adamians gulsxmobs mwerali ixvSi? myvarSi?aqve maswavlebeli klass ukiTxavs ilias cnobil gamonaTqvams: `sadac si-
brZnea, iq sicrues ra xeli aqvs?! ra ugavT erTmaneTsa?.. sicrue TviTon amba-via, sibrZne Sig Casaxuli azria~ .
am sityvebis mixedviT aanalizebinebs Y Seswavlil igavaraks ̀ ixvi da myvari~ _ sicruea Tavad ambavi (ixvisa da myvaris megobroba, ixvis mier samkvidros mitoveba, myvaris darCena da iq sikvdili, ixvis sityvebi...), sibrZnea Segoneba (`samkvidrebeli~, mamuli, rogori gausaZlisic ar unda iyos iq cxovreba, Zneli misatovebelia, Tumca bevrisTvis _ am SemTxvevaSi ixvisTvis _ es grZnoba ucxoa).
aqtivoba 4 _ mwerlis enaze dakvirveba (7-8 wT): gairkveva rodis cxovrobda da moRvaweobda sulxansaba orbeliani (XVII
XVIII ss.), rodis daiwera es nawarmoebi (amave periodSi), Tu Cans es mwerlis enidan (Cans), rogor Cans (mwe rali iyenebs im droisaTvis damaxasiaTebel leqsikur erTeulebsa da gramatikul formebs: myvari, samkvidrebeli, darComiliyo, da-vuteveb, iqms, Cemeulad...), werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #2.
aqtivoba 5 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema (5 wT):moswavleebi gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss Tanamedrove qarTulis forme
biT.
ixvi myvari
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Aaqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT):gakveTilis bolos moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze
(gaixsenes igavarakis raoba, Seiswavles igavaraki `ixvi da myvari~, gaecnen Zvel qarTul sityvebs, gadmosces teqstis Sinaarsi Tanamedrove qarTuliT...).
aqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (1-2 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles, romlebic
gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobdnen gakveTilis mimdinareobisas.
aqtivoba 8 _saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT): moiZion masala sulxansaba orbelianis Sesaxeb (gamoiyenon am mizniT bib
lioTeka, interneti, SeekiTxon ufrosebsac) da momdevno gakveTilze Tanatolebs mis Sesaxeb esaubron, werilobiT gadmoscen `ixvisa da myvaris~ Sinaarsi, (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba @#3).
MII gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ jgufuri muSaoba-prezentacia (7-8 wT):moswavleebi iyofian jgufebad, TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens moZiebul
masalas sulxansaba orbelianis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba warmoadginon vizualuri masalac. saukeTeso namuSevari Sefasdeba da dajildovdeba. aqve kiTxuloben werilobiT davalebasac, romelic gaanalizdeba da Sefasdeba moswavleTa mier.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (12 wT.):teqstis `mefe da misi Svili~ kiTxvas iwyebs maswavlebeli, agrZelebs kiTx
vaSi gawafuli moswavle. Ggzadagza aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi:misi mefoba mas misca _ Tavisi mefoba mas (Svils) dauTmoveravin akadra moxseneba _ veravin gaubeda TqmaviTar mefobs _ rogor mefobsiama _ eama, esiamovnadaumadla _ madloba uTxra...teqstis gagebisaTvis daismis kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebs moswavleebi
wignSi amoikiTxaven: _ ra sTxova mamam Svils? (`Cem magier Sen imefe da vire cocxal var...~)._ rogori mefe gamodga mefiswuli? (`eseTi samarTali da sikeTe gamoiCi
na,...~)._ riT aocebda igi mnaxvelebs? (`dRisiT cxens ar Sejdis~...)._rogor auxsna man mamas Tavisi saqcieli? (`salaroc Tqvensav sicocxle
Si... ~)._ amoikiTxeT teqstidan is adgili, sadac mwerlis Segonebaa mocemuli.
(`yovelive keTili...~)._ ras Seadara Svilma sikvdilis Semdeg gakeTebuli sikeTe? (ukan midev
nebul lampars). riT hgavs ukan midevnebuli lampari sikvdilis Semdeg gakeTebul sikeTes? (ukan midevnebuli lampari gzas ver gaanaTebs, aseve _ adamianis sikvdilis Semdeg gakeTebul keTil saqmesac aRar aqvs madli).
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aqtivoba 3 _ gegmis Sedgena da Sinaarsis gadmocema (7 wT):Mmoswavleebi Cumad kiTxuloben teqsts, moiniSnaven azrobrivad dasrule
bul monakveTebs da adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs: a) mamis Txovnab) axalgazrda mefis saqcielig) Mmamis gaocebad) UWkvianuri pasuxi / ukan midevnebuli lamparie) Mmadlieri mama
calkeuli sakiTxebis mixedviT gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss, Semdeg saubroben moqmedi pirebis saqcielze.
Aaqtivoba 4 _ wakiTxulis Sefaseba (5 wT):_ mefis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? (is mosiyvarule mamaa, Tavisive sicocx
leSi gaamefa Svili; samarTliania _ afasebs Tavisi Svilis Wkuas da misi madlobelia; Zunwia _ miuxedavad didi simdidrisa, ar surs Tavis sicocxleSi daurigos glaxakebs mowyaleba; amjobinebs es misi sikvdilis Semdeg gakeTdes...).
_ Svilis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? (Wkviania _ kargi rCeva misca moxuc mamas; samarTliani da kargi mefea _ Tavisi mefobiT mamas `yovelTave daaviwya~; moridebulia ufrosTan _ Tavisi saTqmeli pirdapir ver uTxra mamas da saqcieliT miaxvedra...).
_ romeli gmiris saqcielia TqvenTvis ufro mosawoni? ratom? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
_ ra aris am teqstis dedaazri? ris Tqma surs mwerals? (adamianma sikeTe sicocxleSi unda akeTos). ramdenad misaRebia TqvenTvis mwerlis Segoneba? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
_ xom ar gaixsenebT msgavs SemTxvevas cxovrebidan, kinofilmebidan, wignebidan?
_ ra aris sicrue da sibrZne am igavarakSi? (sicruea aq moTxrobili am-bavi _ mefis Svilis mier lampris ukan midevneba, sibrZnea Segoneba _adamianma sicocxleSive unda moaswros sikeTis keTeba);
Aaqtivoba 5 _ mwerlis enaze dakvirveba (5 wT):_ dRevandeli qarTulisaTvis ucxo romeli sityvebi gvxvdeba teqstSi? ra
aris maTi Tanamedrove Sesatyvisebi? (es savarjiSo SeiZleba weriTac Sesruldes).
Aaqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT).Aaqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (1-2 wT).Aaqtivoba 8_ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT):teqsti ̀ mefe da misi Svili~, werilobiT gadmoscen misi Sinaarsi (`moswavlis
rveuli~, davaleba #4).
MIII gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ prezentacia (7-8 wT):moswavleebi warmoadgenen Sesrulebul weriT namuSevars, afaseben da aana
lizeben erTmaneTis pasuxebs, asaxeleben maT Soris saukeTeso variants.
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Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva (10 wT).:teqsti `Raribi da qila erbo~ damuSavdeba iseve, rogorc wina igavarakebi,
moswavleebi saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenili kiTxvebis saSualebiT gaiazreben wakiTxuls da akeTeben saTanado daskvnebs.
aqtivoba 3 _ saklaso diskusia `qaris motanils qari waiRebso~ (7 wT):moswavleebi aanalizeben am andazis azrs, Semdeg iyofian jgufebad, Ti
Toeuli jgufi warmoadgens am Temaze Seqmnil zepir teqsts.
aqtivoba 4 _ wakiTxulis Sefaseba (5-7 wT):_ vina aris Tqven mier Seswavlili igavarakebis avtori?_ mis romel igavarakebs icnobT kidev? (moswavleebs wina klasebSi Ses
wavlili aqvT sulxansaba orbelianis ramdenime igavaraki da saubroben maT Se saxeb). Tu ginaxavT multfilmebi am igavebis mixedviT gadaRebuli? ra aerTianebs am igavarakebs? (mwerali aRwers mogonil ambavs, zogjer moqmedi pirebi arian cxo velebi, qvewarmavlebi, frinvelebi, Cvens SemTxvevaSi _ ixvi, myvari, mag ram aqac adamianebi igulisxmebian; simarTles mwerali pirdapir ar gveubneba; aucileblad aris mocemuli darigeba).
AgamoikveTeba igavarakis saerTo niSnebi:
a) is mcire moculobisaa,b) mwerali Tavis saTqmels SefarviT gveubneba,g) xSirad moqmedi pirebi arian cxovelebi, frinvelebi, magram igulisxme
bian adamianebi,d) masSi aucileblad mocemulia darigeba, Segoneba... _ ra darigebaa mocemuli pirvel igavarakSi? amoikiTxeT saTanado adgi
li teqstidan (`Zmobilo, magisTanas samkvidros siyvaruls Cemeulad siaruli sjobnebiao~);Mmeore igavarakSi? (`yovelive keTili sicocxleSi qmnas sjobso da sikeTis qmnas daeSuroso~); mesameSi?..
_ eTanxmebiT am Segonebebs? (moswavleebs eZlevaT azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmis saSualeba. isini ixseneben cxovrebiseul SemTxvevebs, literaturul magaliTebs, filmebs, avleben maT Soris paralelebs da cdiloben daasabuTon sakuTari mosazrebebi. Aaman SeiZleba erTgvari diskusiis saxec ki miiRos).
Aaqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (7-8 wT):fuZegaorkecebuli da sxvadasxva ricxviTi saxelebis SeerTebiT miRe-
buli ricxviTi saxelebis marTlwera:Ddafaze iwereba winadadeba: `goWebs or-or marCilad gavyidi~.
_ romelia am winadadebaSi ricxviTi saxeli? (orori)._rogor aris es ricxviTi saxeli miRebuli? (or-is gameorebiT, fuZis game
orebiT, fuZis gaorkecebiT)._ xom ar gaixsenebT sxva ricxviTi saxelsac, romelic aseve fuZis gameore
biT aris miRebuli? (samsami, xuTxuTi, SvidSvidi...)._ rogor iwereba es fuZegaorkecebuli ricxviTi saxelebi? (defisiT).
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_ SevaerToT defisiT sxvadasxva ricxviTi saxelebi: xuTi, eqvsi; Svidi, rva... SevadginoT maTi gamoyenebiT winadadebebi.
eZleva saTanado wesi:fuZegaorkecebuli ricxviTi saxelebi iwereba defisiT: or-ori, sam-sa-
mi, xuT-xuTi... defisiT iwereba agreTve sxvadasxva ricxviTi saxelis SeerTe-biT miRebuli rTuli saxelebi: ori-sami, xuTi-eqvsi...
am codnis gamoyenebiT sruldeba `moswavlis rveulSi~ mocemuli me6 davaleba: ipoveT ricxviTi saxelebis marTlweraSi daSvebuli Secdomebi da gaasworeT.
Aaqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (1-2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 8 _ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT):teqsti `Raribi da qila erbo~, davaleba #5 (`moswavlis rveuli~.)
Sedegebis kodi:
Aam Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavles
V. 2. SeuZlia jgufuri da individualuri sakomunikacio amocanebis g anxorcieleba.
V. 3. SeuZlia enobrivgramatikuli formebis aRqma da marTebulad gamoyeneba Sesabamis sametyvelo situaciebSi.
V. 6. gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi. V. 8. SeuZlia sxvadasxva Janris mxatvruli teqstebis wakiTxva da adekva
turad gagebagaanalizeba. V. 9. aqvs wakiTxuli mxatvruli teqstis interpretaciis sawyisi unari.V. 12. SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna. V. 13. SeuZlia weriTi davalebis amocanis gansazRvra da funqciuri stilis
arCeva. V. 14. SeuZlia gramatikuli wesebis marTebulad gamoyeneba da marTlweris
normebis dacva.
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igav-arakis raoba (wina Temis gagrZeleba), a. wereTlis `kata da lomi~
miznebi:_ mxatvruli teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da gaazreba_ mxatvrul saxeebze dakvirveba, poeturi teqstis aRqma_ gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaSi varjiSi_ paralelebis gavleba Seswavlil literaturul nawarmoebebTan_ argumentirebuli msjelobis unarCvevaTa daufleba_ weris strategiebis daufleba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:maswavlebeli klass ukiTxavs sulxansaba orbelianis igavaraks `katis
gazrdili lomi~ (moswavleTa erTi nawilisaTvis am teqstis adaptirebuli varianti cnobilia IV klasis saxelmZRvanelodan):
katis gazrdili lomi
erTi kata daiareboda. Nnaxa, erTi Zu lomi momkvdara da erTi lekvi darCo-mia. waiyvana da zrda dauwyo. ra gaizarda da didi Seiqmna, daiwyo nadiroba da nadiris Wama.
dResa erTsa nadiri veRar iSova, Tavisi gamzrdeli katac SesaWmelad moindoma. Kkatam ra Seityo, gaiqca da xezed gavida. lomi Zirs wamouwva, uTxra: `Cemo dedis usayvarleso da damarCenelo gamzrdelo, yoveli Seni zneoba rom maswavle, eg xezed gasvla rad ar maswavleo?~ katam upasuxa: `eg CemTvis Sevinaxe, ra asre gamiWirdeboda, momxmarebodao~).
aixsneba moswavleTaTvis gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi: darComia – darCenia, ra _ aq: roca, dResa erTsa – erT dRes, asre – ase... gairkveva, ratom iye nebs mwerali am leqsikur erTeulebs (nawarmoebi `sibrZne sicruisa~ XVIII saukuneSi daiwera, Tanamedrove qarTulSi maT sxva Sesatyvisebi moepovebaT).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:qarTuli igavarakis ganviTarebaSi sagangebod unda gamovyoT akaki wereTlis Rvawli,
romelmac leqsad gaawyo sulxansabas araerTi igavaraki (`kaci da daTvi~, `mamali da ZaRli~, `kata da lomi~, `mefe da mxatvari~...). Mmanve gadmoaqarTula i. krilovis igavarakebi _ misi 213 igavarakidan akakim Targmna da leqsad gaawyo 153.
aqtivoba 2 _ leqsis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi:maswavlebeli klass gamometyvelebiT ukiTxavs akaki wereTlis `katasa da
loms~, Semdeg nawilnawil akiT xebs moswavleebsac, romlebic gzadagza xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs (ix. ̀ sityvaTa salaro~). Ddaismeba teqstis gage-baze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:
_ ratom gadawyvita katam lomis lekvis gazrda?_ ra mdgomareobaSi iyo lomis lekvi? _ rogor uvlida kata Svilobils?
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_ rodis gaimeta katam Tavisi gamzrdeli SesaWmelad?_ rogor uSvela dedobilma Tavs?_ ra usayvedura Svilobilma dedobils? Mmoswavleebi saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi kiTxuloben teqstidan saTanado adgi
lebs da ukeTeben mas sakuTar interpretacias.teqstis analizisaTvis daismis Semdegi kiTxvebi:_ ramdenad samarTlianad geCvenebaT lomis sayveduri Tavisi gamzrdelis
mimarT?_ lomis ra Tvisebebi Cans am teqstSi? rogor adamians gulisxmobs mwerali
lomSi? kataSi?_ lomi am leqsSi katas `dedobils~ uwodebs. Tqveni azriT, marTlac gauwia
Tu ara katam loms dedis magivroba?am kiTxvaze moswavleebs SeiZleba sxvadasxva pasuxi hqondeT _ moswavleTa
erTi nawilis azriT, kata imsaxurebs am saxels, radganac man upatrono lomis lekvs yvelaferi gaukeTa, risi gakeTebac namdvil dedas SeeZlo (`aiyvana, uZiZava, ugamdla da gamozarda; Sestrfoda da Sexaroda, Svilze nakleb ar uyvarda~); klasis erTi nawilis azriT ki, is mainc ar iyo namdvili deda, radganac man loms yvelaferi ar aswavla, mas bolomde ar endoboda, dedaSviloba ki undoblobas gamoricxavs. moqmedebs principi: yvelas azri sainteresoa, mTavaria, moswavleebs mivceT azris Tavisuflad gamoTqmisa da dasabuTebis saSualeba, TandaTan davaufloT isini diskusiis xelovnebas – sxvisi azris mosmenas, sakuTari azris koreqtul da misaReb formaSi Camoyalibebas.
_ Tqveni azriT, adamianis ra Tvisebas kicxavs mwerali am nawarmoebSi? (umadurobas).
_ rogor fiqrobT, ra iyo lomisagan gamzrdelis gametebis mizezi? (a) mtaceblis buneba).
_ romeli andazebi gagaxsendebaT am teqstis kiTxvisas? (`kvici gvarze xtis~, `ar gaTeTrdebis yorani, rac unda xexo qviSiTa~, `kuzians samare gaasworebs~, `mglis Tavze saxarebas kiTxulobdnen~, `davTese Txili, movida Txili, rac iyo deda, is iyo Svili~..). werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #3 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
_ ramdenad Seefereba am nawarmoebs saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli andaza `cema gmarTebs gamzrdelisa, ra yrma naxo cudad zrdili~? (nawilobriv Seefereba, ramdenadac lomis qcevis mizezi mxolod cudi aRzrda da mSobeli ar iyo, aq did rols TamaSobs misi mtacebluri buneba).
_ Tqveni azriT, rogor warimarTeboda amis Semdeg lomis cxovreba? (aq moswavleebs eZlevaT azris gamoxatvis sruli Tavisufleba, Tavisi fantaziis mixedviT SeuZliaT kidec am nawarmoebis gagrZeleba).
aqtivoba 3 _ wakiTxulis Sefaseba: _ ra saerTo aqvs erTmaneTTan am or nawarmoebs? riT hgavs da riT gansx
vavdeba isini? (saerToa siuJeti – ambavi katis mier lomis gazrdis Sesaxeb, orive nawar
moebi igavarakia, gansxvaveba aris ambis gadmocemis formaSi _ erTi moTxrobis saxiT aris dawerili, meore ki _ leqsis; gansxvaveba aris mwerlebis enaSic _ sulxansabas ena ufro Zvelia...).
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aqtivoba 4 _ diskusia:jgufuri muSaobisTvis klass sadiskusiod eZleva Tema: imsjeleT katis
qcevis mizezze _ ratom ar aswavla Svilobils xeze asvla.
aqtivoba 5 _ teqstis ageba werilobiT:davaleba #3 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
momdevno Temis _ `filosofosi da viri~ (xalxuri); arsebiTi saxelis marTlwera (mravlobiT ricxvSi ori e) _ damuSavebas mTlianad maswavlebels vandobT.
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zRapris raoba, `bedi da iRbali~ (qarTuli xalxuri zRapari), sityvis semantika, sityvaTa warmoqmna
miznebi:_ literaturis Janrebze dakvirveba (zRapari)_ mxatvruli teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ teqstis ageba_ weris strategiebis daufleba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba
teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:es muSaoba SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvarad Catardes; maswavlebls vTavazobT
Cveneul versias: moswavleebi ixseneben adre Seswavlil (wakiTxul, mosmenil) qarTul xalxur zRaprebs da msjeloben im Taviseburebebze, rac zogadad zRapars axasiaTebs _ masSi moTxrobilia daujerebeli ambavi, bolo keTilia _ imarjvebs keTili da marcxdeba boroti, qarTuli zRaprebis umetesoba iwyeba ̀ iyo da ara iyora~Ti, mTavrdeba: `Wiri iqa, lxini aqa...~. aqve klass gaacnobs ilias cnobil gamonaTqvams zRapris Sesaxeb (`Cveni zRapari tyuilad ki ar iwyeba `iyo da ara iyo raTi~. ̀ iyo~ Sig Casaxulis azria, da azri xom yovelTvis yofila, aris da iqneba. `ara ki ara iyo-ra~ ekuTvnis TviT ambavsa, romelic arc yofila da arc aris~) da moswavleebTan erTad aanalizebs mas konkretuli magaliTebis moSveliebiT (mag., `nacarqeqia~ _ `iyo~ adamianis gamarjveba borot Zalebze, `ara iyo-ra~ _ exe ba Tavad nacarqeqiasa da devs, romlebic arc yofilan da arc amJamad arseboben...)...
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi:teqstis wakiTxvamde kargi iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli klass daakvirvebs
zRapris saTaurze _`bedi da iRbali~. Cveulebriv, es ori sityva (bedi, iRbali) erTmaneTis sinonimebad miiCneva (ix. a. neimanis `qarTul sinonimTa leqsikoni~, Tb., 1978 w, gv. 47), magram `qarTuli enis ganmartebiT leqsikonSi~ am sityvebis ufro zust axsnas vxvdebiT: a) bedi _ 1. Zveli xalxuri rwmeniT, zebunebrivi raRac Zala, romelic viTom winaswar gansazRvravda adamianis cxovrebas, 2. momavali, xvedri, 3. kargi xvedri (iRbali); b) iRbali _ kargi bedi. Aam teqstSi es sityva (iRbali) swored am mniSvnelobiT aris gamoyenebuli. Mmoswavleebi teqsts nawilnawil kiTxuloben da gzadagza xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs. Ggarda `sityvis salaroSi~ axsnili leqsi ku ri erTeulebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi sityvebi: Rataki _ Raribi, mudamdRe – yoveldRe, duqani _ savaWro dawesebuleba, naoflari _ didi SromiT SeZenili...
moswavleebi aanalizeben wakiTxuls maswavleblis damxmare kiTxvebis saSualebiT:
_ ratom ver uSvela Raribs iRblis daxmarebam?
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_ rodis Seicvala Raribis cxovreba? teqstis mixedviT, ra gaxda misi warmatebis mizezi? (bedi da Sromismoyvareoba erTad). Aaqve sruldeba wyvilebSi davaleba #1 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
_ Raribi kacis ra Tvisebebi Cans am nawarmoebSi? daasabuTeT teqstis mixedviT.
_ ra andaziT mTavrdeba es zRapari? rogor gesmiT misi mniSvneloba? (Tu bedi gwyalobs, yvelgan kargad igrZnob Tavs). ramdenad Seefereba es andaza teqstis Sinaarss? (nawilobriv Seefereba, imitom, rom marto iRblis/bedis daxmareba ar iyo sakmarisi; sanam Ratakma TviTonac ar gaanZria xeli, araferi eSvela).
_ ra aris am zRapris Tema? (bedisa da iRblis gavlena adamianis cxovrebaze), ris Tqma surs mTqmels am zRapriT? (Tu xelic ar gaanZrie, marto bedi verafers giSvelis).
_ gavixsenoT ra sityvebiT iwyeba es zRapari? (`iyo da ara iyora~...). Tqveni azriT, ris Sesaxeb SeiZleba vTqvaT `iyo~? (Raribi kacis gaWirvebis Sesaxeb...), raze SeiZleba vTqvaT `ara iyora~? (bedisa da iRblis sanaZleosa da maTi daxmarebis Sesaxeb; TviT am ambis Sesaxeb, romelic arc momxdara da arc moxdeba...).
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema:moswavleebi teqsts yofen nawilebad da adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloe
biT aseT saxes miiRebs:
a) bedisa da iRblis sanaZleob) iRblis saCuqarig) oqroebis dakargvad) gaormagebuli saCuqarie) kvlav danakargiv) imedebis gacrueba mesamedz) bedis saCuqari...
moswavleebi am gegmis mixedviT gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss nawilnawil. sruldeba davaleba #2 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 4 _teqstis ageba:davaleba #3. es davaleba moswavleebma SeiZ leba Seasrulon rogorc indi
vidaulurad, ise wyvilebSi an jgufurad. namuSevris prezentacia xdeba klasSi.
aqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:A1) sityvis gamoyeneba pirdapiri da gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT (praqtikulad,
terminis gareSe):_ `mivida Raribi kaci daRonebuli da daZmarebuli Sin.~`Rvino daZmarebuli damxvda~; _ ras amCnevT? ras aRniSnavs xazgasmuli sityva pirvel winadadebaSi? meo
re winadadebaSi?
Aaseve SeiZleba SevTavazoT sxva msgavsi magaliTebic:`deda oTaxSi gaxarebuli da pirmcinari Semovida.~`aprilis pirmcinari mze gulmkerds uqargavda dedamiwas~.
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`civi da uxvTovliani zamTari dadga~.`leo aseT civ daxvedras ar moeloda~...
2) nasaxelari zmnebi (terminis gareSe):
mdidari _ gamdidrdaRaribi _ gaRaribda Rataki _ gaRatakdaZmari _ daZmardaglaxaki _ daglaxakdanaZlevi _ danaZlevdnen
3) orTografiaze varjiSi – davaleba #4 (`aqt. rv.~).
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`rogor eZebda glexi samarTals~ (germanuli xalxuri zRapari), sityvis pirdapiri da gadataniTi mniSvneloba, mimarTvis Tavaziani formebi, frazeologizmebi
miznebi:_ mxatvruli teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da gaazreba _ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ sityvis semantikaze dakvirveba
teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:moswavleebs SeiZleba wavukiTxoT erTerTi monakveTi am teqstidan, rome
lic yvelaze damaintrigebeli SeiZleba moeCvenoT bavSvebs, magaliTad.
`xalxi TandaTan agugunda, axmaurda. risxvam daisadgura TiToeuli adamianis gulSi. rogorc erTi kaci, ise daiZra mefis sasaxlisaken. Mmalemsrbolma gaaswro xalxs, Sevarda sasaxleSi da mefes moaxsena:
_ samarTlianoba gardacvlila da amitom rekaven zarebs. xalxi SenTan modis samarTlis saZebnelado..~
_ rogor gesmiT sityvebi: `samarTlianoba gardaicvala~?_ rogor fiqrobT, ratom eZebda xalxi samarTals?_ ipovida Tu ara mefis sasaxleSi misuli xalxi samarTals?_ Tqveni azriT, ris Sesaxeb iqneba Txroba am teqstSi?Aaq moswavleebi sakuTari fantaziis mixedviT gvTavazoben pasuxebis sxva
dasxva versias. isini ukve mzad arian teqstis wasakiTxad.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:zRapars nawilnawil kiTxuloben Tavad moswavleebi. garda ̀ sityvaTa sala
roSi~ axsnili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavlisaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi sityvebi da frazebi: Tavneba _ TavisnaTqvama, jiuti; baki _ saqonlis sadgomi, TvalSi momivida _ momewona, uTenia _ diliT adre, mowiwe-biT _ moridebiT, pativiscemiT; muqTad _ ufasod; suls iqiT araferi mabadia _ Zalian miWirs, araferi maqvs...
teqstis gagebisaTvis daismis Sinaarsze orientirebuli kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebi moswavleebs SeuZliaT wignSiac amoikiTxon.
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba:daismis kiTxvebi:_ ratom ar surda glexs saxlkaris gayidva? Tqveni azriT, sworad iqceoda
igi? glexis ra Tvisebebi Cans am zRaparSi? daaxasiaTeT glexi teqstis mixedviT._ ramdenad gamarTlebulad geCvenebaT grafis saqcieli _ gaefarToebina
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samflobelo mezoblebis xarjze? ra xerxebs mimarTavda igi miznis misaRwevad? Ggrafis saqcielSi ra geCvenebaT yvelaze miuReblad? amoikiTxeT teqstidan is adgili, romelic yvelaze ukeT axasiaTebs grafis Sinagan bunebas (`Cemi sardafi oqroTia gamotenili, Cemi cixesimagre ki yvelaze maRali da mtkicea mTel samefoSi, mec yvelaze Zlieri var grafTa Soris da, rasac moviwadineb, imave wuTs Sevasruleb...~).
_ Tqveni azriT, ratom Camoyalibda grafi aseT xarb, usamarTlo, daundobel da qedmaRal adamianad? ra iyo amis mizezi? (a. misi simdidre da Zalaufleba, b. mas arasodes arvisgan ar Sexvedria winaaRmdegoba, g. im qveyanaSi ar arsebobda sasamarTlo, d. yvelaferi erTad _ daasabuTeT Tqveni azri). rogor fiqrobT, amis Semdeg Seicvleboda grafi?
_ nawarmoebis mixedviT, rogoria mefe? misi ra Tvisebebi Cans? daasabuTeT teqstis mixedviT. rogor axerxebs igi amboxebuli xalxis dawynarebas? SeeZlo Tu ara mas, Tqveni azriT, sxvagvarad daewynarebina Tavisi qveSevrmdomebi?
_ vin da vin arian am zRapris gmirebi? romeli gmirebi arian mTavari? (glexi, grafi), aramTavari? (mosamarTleebi, mnaTe, malemsrboli, mefe, xalxi). ra SegiZliaT TqvaT am gmirebis Sesaxeb? romlis saqcielia TqvenTvis misaRebi? miuRebeli? Tqveni azriT, romeli gmirebi arian dadebiTi? uaryofiTi?
_ ra azria gatarebuli am zRaparSi? (xalxma Tavad unda daicvas Tavisi interesebi).
_ Tu Cans zRaparSi mTqmelis damokidebuleba momxdari ambisadmi? (ar Cans, mTqmeli mxolod mTxrobelis rolSi gvevlineba).
_ ra mogewonaT am nawarmoebSi? ra ar mogewonaT? ras SecvlidiT? ratom? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
_ rogor fiqrobT, Seicvleboda amis Semdeg am samefoSi cxovreba? ra Seicvleboda? _ sruldeba davaleba #1 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 4 _ Sinaarsis gadmocema:teqsti iyofa nawilebad, Sedgeba gegma, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes mi
iRebs:a) Tavdajerebuli grafib) grafis survilig) glexis uarid) ganrisxebuli grafi /grafis muqarae) usamarTlo sasamarTlo / mosyiduli mosamarTleebis ganaCeniv) samarTlis ZiebaSiz) xalxis aRSfoTebaT) samarTalma gaimarjva / samarTalma puri Wama
moswavleebi gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss am sakiTxebis mixedviT, werilobiT asruleben #2 davalebas (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 5 _ sametyvelo etiketze dakvirveba:a) daakvirdiT, ra sityvebiT esaubreba glexi (mosamarTleebi) grafs (keTilo
batono, Tqveno brwyinvalebav, didebulo grafo). ra Cans mimarTvis am formebSi? (grafisadmi mowiweba, pativiscema, Tavazianoba). Tqveni azriT, ratom iye neben mimarTvis aseT formebs glexi da mosamarTleebi? (grafi maTze Zlieria da ZalauflebiT maTze maRla dgas).
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b) daakvirdiT, ra sityvebiT mimarTaven glexs grafi da mosamarTleebi (briyvo, xeprev, sulelo). ra Cans mimarTvis aseTi formebidan? (isini pativs ar scemen glexs, radgan is uflebrivad maTze dablad dgas). mimarTvis ra formebs iyeneben dRes ucnob/pativsacem adamianTan saubrisas? (batono, qalbatono...). mimarTvis ra formebs iyenebT Tqven ufrosebTan saubrisas? ras gamovxatavT mimarTvis aseTi formebiT? (Cvens pativiscemas).
aqtivoba 6 _ frazeologizmebze dakvirveba:
TvalSi mouvida _ moewonacivi uari _ mtkice, gadawyvetili uarisuls aqeT araferi mabadia – araferi maqvs, Zalian miWirsxelis erTi dakvriT movagvarebT _ advilad movagvarebTzRva xalxi – uamravi xalxixalxis gulSi risxvam daisadgura _ xalxi gabrazda
am frazeologizmebis gamoyenebiT moswavleebi adgenen winadadebebs, asruleben davaleba #3s (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 7 _ sityvis gamoyeneba pirdapiri da gadataniTi mniSvnelo-biT:
davaleba #4.
aqtivoba 8 _ punqtuaciaze dakvirveba:
a) brWyalebi ironiulad naTqvam sityvasTan,b) mravalwertili: moZebneT teqstSi is adgilebi, sadac mravalwertilia naxmari (`daiwyo sasa
marTlo..., miwa mosaxnavi darCa, SeSa mosatani, cxenebi dasaWedi...~ `zarebi ki rekavda, rekavda...~).
_ rogor fiqrobT, ratom xmarobs mwerali mravalwertils? (naTqvami araa damTavrebuli). ecadeT, daamTavroT saTqmeli.
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sergo kldiaSvilis `yanCa da kakabi~, sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba, sityvaTa ganmeoreba da maTi Tavidan acileba
miznebi:_ literaturuli teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi_ kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba_ literaturuli paralelebis gavleba_ gabmuli Txroba_ sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba_ sityvaTa ganmeorebis Tavidan acileba nacvalsaxelis saSualebiT_ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba
teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1. kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba _ provocireba: maswavlebeli klass Sesavsebad sTavazobs `gonebrivi ieriSis~ rukas:
yanCa
gareuli frinvelicxovrobs wylian adgilebSi
zamTars Tbil qveynebSi atarebs
ikvebeba TevziT, bayayiT
?
?
kakabi
gareuli frinveliikvebeba marcvleuliT
gavrcelebuliasaqarTvelos tyeebSi
ar mifrinavs Tbiliqveynebisaken
?
?
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damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:sergo kldiaSvili (18931986 ww.) _ daamTavra quTaisis gimnazia, swavlobda moskovis
universitetis iuridiul fakultetze, mamasTan (cnobil qarTvel mweral daviT kldiaSvilTan) erTad monawileobda I msoflio omSi, saqarTveloSi dabrunda 1917 wels. Mmisi pirveli prozauli miniaturebi daibeWda 1911 wels Tbilisis gazeT `sinaTleSi~, 1916 wlidan `cisferyanwelTa~ erTerTi damaarsebeli da aqtiuri wevria. mwerali novelis Janris erTerTi ubrwyinvalesi ostatia. Mmisi yuradRebis centrSi dgas adamiani Semoqmedi, adamiani patrioti. Mavtoria novelebisa: `Winka biWebi~, `obrodi~, `gorgasalis Tasi~, `serafiti~, `Semodgomis wvima~, `jordano bruno~... gansakuTrebuli popularoba moipova misma `laxundarelis Tavgadasavlma~. Aaqtiurad muSaobda dramaturgiaSic. sxvadasxva wlebSi qarTul scenaze idgmeboda misi piesebi: `dabruneba~, `irmis xevi~... Targmnilia mraval enaze.
novela _ (ital. – axali ambavi) warmoiSva italiaSi, Sua saukuneebSi da iqidan gavrcelda msoflio literaturaSi, mcire moculobis prozauli nawarmoebia. igi adamianis cxovrebis erT iseT umniSvnelovanes epizodze mogviTxrobs, romelic faqtobrivad am pirovnebis mTel cxovrebiseul yofaze gviqmnis warmodgenas. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia moqmed pirTa raodenobrivi simcire. pesonaJTa xasiaTebi, yofiTi garemo, moqmedebis msvleloba novelaSi Zalze SekumSulad aris aRwerili. novelis Janruli Taviseburebaa originaluri, mZafri fabula, moulodneli, magram logikuri kvanZis gaxsna. Nnovelas mkafiod gamoxatuli kompozicia axasiaTebs, romelSic daculia moqmedebis Tanmimdevroba, Txrobis TavdaWerili kilo, xasiaTdeba leqsikuri formis sinatifiT. misTvis ucxoa aRwera, mas ar aqvs (an aqvs Zalze sustad gamoxatuli) lirikuli sawyisebi. am niSnebis mixedviT s. kldiaSvilis `yanCa da kakabi~ swored novelis Janrs unda mivakuTvnoT.
Mmsoflio novelistikis cnobil ostatebs warmoadgenen j. bokaCo, p. merime, a. Cexovi, o’henri... qarTul literaturaSi novelis, rogorc klasikuri Janris, formireba xdeba XIXXX ss mijnaze. Mmisi mTavari warmomadgenlebi arian S. aragvispireli, n. lorTqifaniZe, s. kldiaSvili, n. dumbaZe, r. inaniSvili... (a. nikoleiSvili, `qarTuli literatura~, XI kl. 2004, gv. 225; a. Wialaia, r. Wialaia, `literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebi~, 1984 w., gv. 226).
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:teqsti winaswar aris dayofili nawilebad da moswavleebic ase kiTxulo
ben mas. SeiZleba amas mivceT `pauzebiT kiTxvis~ saxec da TiToeuli monakveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg klass gamovaTqmevinoT azri movlenaTa Semdgomi ganviTarebis Sesaxeb.
teqstis nawilnawil kiTxvis procesSi aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, Semdeg daismis gagebaze orientirebuli kiTxvebi, romlebic saxelmZRvaneloSia mocemuli.
moswavleebi axasiaTeben TiToeul gmirs, gamoyofen maTi xasiaTis ZiriTad Tvisebebs, rasac teqstis mixedviT asabuTeben. yuradReba gamaxvildeba im faqtze, rom orive gmiri _ yanCac da kakabic _ cxovrebas mxolod sakuTari gadasaxedidan uyurebs: maT moswonT mxolod is, rac maTTvis aris kargi da misaRebi. MmaT ar adardebT araferi, rac maT interesebs ar ukavSirdeba. isini Caketilni arian sakuTar samyaroSi. swored amitom aris, rom erTsa da imave movlenas (mag., Bbayayis yiyins) sxvadasxvagvarad aRiqvamen. Aamitom maTi megobroba moCvenebiTia, droebiTia. yanCas Waobi moswons, radgan iq kargad grZnobs Tavs, aqvs sakvebi, zamTarSi ki Tbil qveynebSi gafreniT Svelis Tavs. misTvis Tbili qveyanac mxolod zamTarSia kargi, radgan iq zafxulobiT Zalian cxela. Mmas ar gaaCnia erTi mudmivi samyofeli, ar aqvs samSoblo, misTvis yvelgan kargia, sadac kargad grZnobs Tavs. yanCas Zalze waagavs kakabic, romelic aseve mxolod sakuTar Tavze fiqrobs da axali yofa (qveynad gaSlili mSenebloba) mxolod sakuTari
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interesebidan gamomdinare moswons (mas axla bevri saWmeli aqvs).moswavleebi msjeloben, ra aris am nawarmoebis Tema (yanCisa da kakbis cxov
reba, maTi megobroba), ra aris dedaazri (cxovrebas mxolod Seni gadasaxedidan ar unda uyuro, unda SegeZlos kargisa da cudis danaxva da maTi garCeva), rogor adamianebs akritikebs mwerali (romlebic mxolod sakuTar Tavze fiqroben da ar aRelvebT sxvisi bedi)...
erTgvar paralels avleben adre Seswavlil nawarmoebTan `ixvi da myva-ri~, eZeben maT Soris msgavsebasa (moqmedebis adgili _Waobi; moqmedi gmirebi, romelTagan erTs _ bayays, yanCis msgavsad, Zalian moswons da uyvars iqauroba; meorisaTvis ki _ ixvisaTvis, iseve rogorc kakbisaTvis, _ gaugebaria da ucxo es grZnoba...) da gansxvavebas (bayays, yanCisagan gansxvavebiT, imdenad uyvars Waobi, rom mis datovebaze ar fiqrobs da kvdeba kidec iq...).
akvirdebian, ra niSniT SeurCia mweralma saTauri teqsts (lit. personaJebis mixedviT), TviTon sxva saTaurs xom ar SeurCevdnen, ratom...
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema:moswavleebi yofen teqsts nawilebad da adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloe
biT aseT saxes miiRebs:
a) bediT kmayofili yanCab) kakbis stumroba/saubari kakabTan/wunia stumarig) Waobian velTan gamoTxoveba / Tbili qveynebisaken gamgzavreba/ moaxloe
buli zamTarid) dabrunebuli yanCis gaoceba / mudmivad sakvebis ZebnaSi/imedebis gacrue
ba...e) kvlav Tbili qveynebisken / damSvidobeba kakabTan
sruldeba davaleba #1 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis ageba:saTauris mixedviT moswavleebi qmnian aRweriT teqsts: ̀ Waobiani veli winaT
da axla~, gadmoscemen mis Sinaarss jer TxrobiT, Semdeg _ werilobiT (davaleba #2).
aqtivoba 5 _ teqstSi kiTxviTi, Zaxilisa da kiTxviT-Zaxilis winadadebe-bis amokiTxva:
gairkveva Zaxilis winadadebis saxeebi; yuradReba gamaxvildeba kiTxviTZaxilis winadadebaze _ kiTxvasac gamoxatavs da gakvirvebasac. varjiSOoben am winadadebebis saTanado intonaciiT wakiTxvaze.
kiTxviTi winadadebebi:megobaro, sad xar, rom versad gnaxe? (kiTxviTsityviania _ sad?); male
apireb wasvlas? gazafxulze mainc apireb dabrunebas? maS, sxvagan sad wavide? (kiTxviTsityviania _ sad?); mirCev mainc ra vqna? (kiTxviTsityviania _ ra?); sad aris Cemi bude? (kiTxviTsityviania _ sad?).
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Zaxilis winadadebebi:ra saamod yiyineben bayayebi! (gamoxatavs siamovnebas); ra unda iyos magaze
sazareli! (gamoxatavs zizRs); ver gamigia, ra gemos naxulob raRac marcvalSi! (gamoxatavs gakvirvebas); aba, gasinje, ra gemo aqvs, iqneb mogewonos! (gamoxa tavs Txovnas); rom icode, ra gaWirvebaSi Cavvardi! (gamoxatavs guliswyromas); rogor mibedav SekamaTebas! (gamoxatavs gabrazebas) da a. S. (ocamde Zaxilis winadadebaa teqstSi).
kiTxviT-Zaxilis winadadebebi:yanCasac, aba, meti ra undoda?! iqneb Sevcdi?! rogor Tu mSieri?! rogor Sei
Zleba aqaurobas wuni daedos?! mikvirs, zafxulSic iq ar rCebi?! es amdeni xalxi saidan gaCnda?!
werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #4 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
aqtivoba 6 _ sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba:_ vin gadmogvcems teqstSi aRweril ambavs? ecadeT, gadmosceT teqstis Si
naarsi ise, TiTqos mas gviyveba 1) yanCa, 2) kakabi. ecadeT Txrobisas gamoiyenoT sityvebi: samwuxarod, sabednierod. rodis gamoiyenebs am sityvebs yanCa? (sa-bednierod _ am sityvas yanCa gamoiyenebs maSin, roca is aRwers Waobs, bayayebs, rodesac saubrobs Tbil qveynebze... samwuxarod _ am sityvas gamoiyenebs maSin, roca misi stumari uars etyvis bayayis Wamaze; roca ukan dabrunebuli Waobs veRar naxavs; roca mas gauWirdeba bayayebis Sovna; roca samudamod uxdeba Tavis Zvel samkvidrosTan gamomSvidobeba...).
aqtivoba 7 _ nacvalsaxelis raoba:maswavlebeli klass sTavazobs teqsts:
`yanCas kidev undoda, raRac eTqva, magram kakabma uecrad Tvali mohkra moZmeebis gunds. kakabi saCqarod daemSvidoba Tavis Zvel megobars, frTa frTas Semohkra da gaSorda. kakabi laRad daqroda xan mTaSi, xan velze~.
_ romeli arsebiTi saxeli meordeba teqstSi? Tu SeiZleba, rom Tavidan aviciloT gameoreba? ra sityva SeiZleba CavsvaT mis nacvlad? scadeT da saTanado adgilebze CasviT sityvebi: is, igi.
Casworebis Semdeg teqsti aseT saxes miiRebs:
`yanCas kidev undoda, raRac eTqva, magram kakabma uecrad Tvali mohkra moZmeebis gunds. is saCqarod gamoemSvidoba Tavis Zvel megobars, frTa fTas Semohkra da gaSorda. igi laRad daqroda xan mTaSi, xan velze~.
Mmoswavleebi ixseneben wina klasebSi Seswavlil informacias arsebiTi saxelisa da nacvalsaxelis Sesaxeb, asruleben: #3 davalebas (`moswavlis rveuli~).
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vaJa-fSavelas `unugeSo yofa~, gapirovneba (terminis gareSe), mwerlis enaze dakvirveba
miznebi:_ poeturi teqstis aRqma_ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ mxatvrul saxeebze dakvirveba_ gamometyvelebiT kiTxvaze varjiSi_ teqstis ageba_ piris nacvalsaxelebis funqciaze dakvirveba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:maswavlebeli klass 23 dRiT adre aZlevs davalebas _ gaixsenon wina
klasebSi Seswavlili vaJafSavelas nawarmoebebi, moiZion masala am mwerlis cxov rebisa da Semoqmedebis Sesaxeb (gamoiyenon am mizniT biblioTeka, interneti, hkiTxon ufrosebs). Aaxla ki daiyon jgufebad da moemzadon prezentaciisaTvis: ra vici vaJas Sesaxeb.
aqtivoba 2 _ leqsis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi:maswavlebeli leqss kiTxulobs gamometyvelebiT, Semdeg akiTxebs kiTxvaSi
gawaful moswavles, iwyeben leqsikur analizs. Ggarda `sityvaTa salaroSi~ mocemuli sityvebisa, aixsneba Semdegi leqsikuri erTeulebic: unugeSo _ uimedo (nugeSi _ iseTi ram, rac adamians daamSvidebs, imeds daubrunebs); Cagruli – daCagruli; gulmokluli _ Rrmad damwuxrebuli; jurRmuli _ 1. Rrma bneli ormo, 2. Rrma xrami, ufskruli; bneli jurRmuli _ aq: igulisxmeba sibnele, romelic Wadris totebis qveS iyo; wyluli guli _ dawylulebuli, dasevdianebuli, danaRvlianebuli guli...
daismis teqstis gagebaze orientirebuli kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebs moswavleebi wignSive amoikiTxaven:
_ sad amovida ia? (`ias, bnel xevSi mosulsa,...~)_ ra ewada mas? (`ewada beCavs amosvla...~)_ ra aklda? (`mzis sxivi aklda...~)_ ratom etireboda? (`mze veRar awvdis sxivebsa..~)_ ra mdgomareobaSi iyvnen danarCeni yvavilebi? ras edarebodnen isini?
(`gaRma ki yvavilTa gundi samoTxes edareboda...) _ ratom `emwareboda~ ias sikvdili? (hxedavs, rom sxvani lxinoben, mas miwa efareboda).
aqtivoba M3 _ leqsis gamomsaxvelobiT mxareze dakvirveba:moswavleebi akvirdebian, ra mxatvrul xerxebs iyenebs poeti (terminebis
gareSe):_ rasTan aris Sedarebuli mzis sxivebi? ra aqvs saerTo mzis sxivebs Ci
qilasTan?
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_ iis sikvdilis aRsaniSnavad romel sityvebs iyenebs poeti? (`miwa efareboda~).
_ rogor yofas uwodebs poeti iis cxovrebas? (`unugeSos~)._ Tqveni azriT, ramdenad Seesabameba iis yofas es sityva? SeiZleboda Tu
ara, sxva sityva SegverCia? (uimedo)._ ramdenad sworad aqvs teqsts saTauri SerCeuli? raze migvaniSnebs amiT
poeti? (rom leqsSi viRacis uimedo, unugeSo cxovrebis Sesaxeb iqneba saubari). Tqven sxva saTaurs xom ar SeurCevdiT? (moswavleebi SemogvTavazeben ramdenime variants, aucileblad unda daasabuTon, ramdenad Seefereba maTi varianti teqstSi gadmocemul ambavs, poetis saTqmels).
_ movZebnoT teqstSi riTmebi (sruldeba davaleba #2).maswavlebeli dafaze xazavs `gonebrivi ieriSis~ rukas da moswavleebs ava
lebs _ daaxasiaTon ia, teqstis mixedviT SeurCion zedsarTavi saxelebi:
ia
beCavi SemkrTali
gulmokluli Cagruli
ganabuli
atirebuli
fergaxunebuli gaSterebuli
_ Cveulebriv, visi daxasiaTebisaTvis viyenebT xolme am zedsarTav saxelebs: beCavi, ganabuli, SemkrTali, gulmokluli, gaSterebuli, atirebuli, Cagruli? (adamianis).
_ moZebneT teqstSi is zmnebi, romlebiTac poeti iis moqmedebas (mdgomareobas) aRwers (inabeboda, krTeboda, ewada, Sehfofinebda, eloda, etireboda, kvdeboda...). Cveulebriv, visi moqmedeba gadmoicema xolme am zmnebiT? (adamianis).
_ Tqveni azriT, risTvis dasWirda poets iis gasuliereba, misTvis adamianis Tvisebebis miniWeba? (raTa mkiTxvels ukeT daenaxa da egrZno iis unugeSo yofa).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:gapirovneba _ personifikacia, tropis saxe. Mmxatvruli gamosaxvis xerxi, romlisTvisac
damaxasiaTebelia sagnebisa da movlenebisadmi adamianuri Tvisebebis miwera, usulo da sulieri sagnebis gaadamianeba. Ggapirovneba usulo sagans (am SemTxvevaSi ias) warmogvidgens rogorc ada
unugeSo
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mians, romelic grZnobs, fiqrobs, ganicdis, tiris... metaforisagan gansxvavebiT, gapirovneba mxolod adamianuri Tvisebebis gadatanas gulisxmobs (a. Wilaia... dasax. Sr. gv. 56). Ggapirovnebis klasikuri nimuSebia vaJas `unugeSo yofa~ da `Svlis nukris naambobi~.
_ vin mogviTxrobs iis Sesaxeb? (poeti vaJafSavela). romel pirSia Txroba? (III pirSi). warmovidginoT, rom teqstSi gadmocemul ambavs Tavad ia gviyveba. vecadoT, gadmovceT es ambavi iis nacvlad.
moswavleebi zepirad adgenen teqsts, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
B`me bnel xevSi amovedi, didi Wadris Ziras. Wadris totebi Cemamde mzis sxivebs ar uSveben, amitom yoveldRe makldeba Zala. gansakuTrebiT is mawuxebs, rom Cems axlos sxva yvavilebi mzis sinaTleze sicocxles Sexarian, me ki mal movkvdebi~.
_ romel pirSi gviyveba ia Tavis ambavs? (I pirSi). romeli piris nacvalsaxels iyenebs is Tavis Tavze saubrisas? (I piris me nacvalsaxels).
`moswavlis rveulSi~ sruldeba davaleba #1. _ rogorc iciT, vaJafSavela fSavidan iyo. xom ver moZebniT teqstSi iseT
sityvebs, romlebic fSauri dialeqtisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli? (Wandari, etirneboda _ orive es sityva saTanado miTiTebiT ganmartebulia `sityvis salaroSi~, amdenad, moswavleebs maTi migneba ar gauWirdebaT).
vaJa-fSavelas `Svlis nukris naambobis~ damuSavebas maswavlebels vandobT. vTavazobT mxolod damatebiT informacias am teqstis irgvliv:
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:`Svlis nukris naambobi~ daibeWda Jurnal `nobaTSi~ 1885 w. da maSinve daimsaxura kriti
kos Ta maRali Sefaseba. 1886 w. cnobili qarTveli kritikosi i. mansvetaSvili Jurnal `nobaTis~ mimoxilvisas gansakuTrebiT maRal Sefasebas aZlevda axalgazrda mwerlis (maSin vaJa mxolod 23 wlis iyo) am moTxrobas da werda: `ymawvilis gulSi Tu gsurT sibraluli aRZraT, romelic dasabamia kacTamoyvareobisa, da mis norC gonebas naTlad daumtkicoT, Tu ra Znelia obloba, swored amgvari moTxrobebi unda akiTxoT. Ees marTali suraTi ufro Rrmad CaebeWdeba gonebaSi, ufro Zlier daafiqrebs mas, vidre grZeli da mZimed gadmocemuli moZRvreba da qadageba~.
ram aiZula axalgazrda mwerali aseTi sevdiani nawarmoebi daewera bavSvebisaTvis? Aam kiTxvaze pasuxs Tavad mwerali iZleva: `rada? imitom, rom madli sufevdes qveyanaze, vxedavdeT Sewevnas, Svelas, Sebralebas... me rom ar miyvardes da ar mebralebodes vinme, Tavs ar vicocxlebdi... warmovidginoT iseTi dro, roca Sesabralebeli aravin iyos, Sewyalebas aRarsad hqondes bina am wuTisofelSi, ra iqneboda maSin adamianTa krebuli da TviTon kaci? ~ (vaJafSavela, `fiqrebi~, 1891 w., t. V, gv. 117). Aam nawarmoebSi kargad Cans, Tu ramdeni sisxli da cremli iRvreba bunebaSi imisTvis, rom arseboba SeinarCunos sicocxlem, rogorc bunebis yvelaze didma fenomenma. Mmagram rogor SeinarCunos sicocxle Svlis nukrma, rodesac mas adamianis garda uamravi mteri hyavs?! vTqvaT, adamianma Seibrala; mgelma, arwivma, mtacebelma xom ar icis Sebraleba, isini xom sxvis sicocxles Txouloben msxverplad sakuTari arsebobis SesanarCuneblad?! nuTu TviT sicocxle Txoulobs msxverplad sxva sicocxles arsebobis gasagrZeleblad?! Bbunebis kanonis
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arsi gamoxatulia sityvebSi: ̀ yovelive, rac warmoiSoba, unda ganadgurdes~. Tavisi SemoqmedebiT vaJa xom ar cdilobs eWvi Segvataninos bunebis am kanonzomierebaSi? vaJa am kiTxvazec gvaZlevs pasuxs: `bunebas da cxovrebas Tavisi kanonebi aqvs da Cveni Teoriebi mas ver Seucvlian arCeul gzaze svlas~ (d. benaSvili, vaJafSavela, 1989 w., gv. 250).
m. zandukeli `Svlis nukris naambobs~ ganwyobilebis moTxrobas, novelas uwodebs. aseTi nawarmoebi mkiTxvelSi amaxvilebs siyvarulis, TanagrZnobis, Sebralebis grZnobas (m. zandukeli, vaJafSavela, 1953, gv. 311).
iremi (Cervus) wyvilCliqosan cxovelTa gvari irmisebrTa ojaxisa. TiTo rqaze SeiZleba 10ze meti totic hqondes. kiserze mokle fafari aqvs. nukri xalebiania, mozrdili erTferi. kudis areSi aqvs sxvadasxva sididis `sarke~. gavrcelebulia evropis, aziis (umTavresad samxreT da samxreTaRmosavleTis nawilis), CrdiloeT amerikis tyeeebSi. aerTianebs 6 qvegvaris 1314 saxeobas. saqarTveloSi gvxvdeba keTilSobili iremi. sanadiro da sarewao cxovelebia. naxevrad moSinaurebuli irmebis norC rqebs pantebs iyeneben pantokrinis dasamzadeblad. nadiroba umTavresad akrZalulia, aklimatizebulia axal zelandiaSi, samxreT amerikaSi da sxva.
Sveli irmebis ojaxis es yvelaze patara tanis Cliqosani gansakuTrebuli silamaziTa da sinaziT gamoirCeva. koxta, swor fexebze Semdgari mkvrivi tani, lamazi Tavi, metad moxdenili tuCebiT, datotili, zemoT aSverili wvrili rqebiT da Savi farTo TvalebiT, igi Cveni bunebis namdvili mSvenebaa. rogorc irems, ise Svelsac rqebi mxolod mamals aqvs, romelsac, am ojaxis Cveuli wesiT, yovelwliurad noemberdekemberSi icvlis.
Sveli umTavresad meCxer, foTlovan tyeebSi gvxvdeba. is imave sakvebiT sazrdoobs, rogorc iremi. masac mlaSe wylebi da xelovnuri samarileebi uyvars. makeobs agvitoseqtemberSi. Svlis makeoba TiTqmis 9 Tves grZeldeba da maisivnisSi Sobs erT, or da zogjer sam nukrs.
CvenSi Sveli TiTqmis yvela kuTxeSi gvxvdeba, sadac ki SvelisaTvis TavSesafari da sakvebi pirobebia.
nadiroba mxolod mamal Svelze SeiZleba gansakuTrebuli nebarTviT.
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f. zaltenis `bembi~ (nawyveti), nacvalsaxeli, pativiscemis mrav-lobiTi
miznebi:_ adamianisa da cocxali bunebis urTierTobaze dakvirveba_ mxatvruli teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ wakiTxulis Sefaseba, paralelebis gavleba Seswavlil literaturuli
nawarmoebebTan, animaciur filmebTan_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ gabmul Txrobaze varjiSi_ sametyvelo etiketze dakvirveba, pativiscemis mravlobiTi_ weris strategiebis daufleba
I. teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:maswavlebeli wina dRiT klass avalebs moiZion masala `saqarTvelos wiTel
wignSi~ Setanili iSviaTi cxovelebis: irmisa da Svlis _ Sesaxeb (am mizniT gamoiyenon biblioTeka, interneti, hkiTxon ufrosebs).
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:feliqs zalteni fsevdonimia avstrieli mwerlis zigmund zalcmanisa. daibada 1869 w. bu
dapeStSi, gaizarda da cxovrobda venaSi. mas Semdeg, rac avstria germaniis nawilad gadaiqca, ebraeli mwerali iZulebuli gaxda SveicariisTvis Seefarebina Tavi (1938 w.), sadac gardaicvala 1945 w. sayovelTao aRiareba da saxeli moutana `bembim~, romelic 1923 w. dawera. inglisurad gadaiTargmna 1928 w. da amis Semdeg iqca erTerT cnobil sabavSvo nawarmoebad msoflioSi. amJamad Targmnilia 20mde enaze. am nawarmoebis mixedviT 1942 w. uolt disneim gadaiRo cnobili multfilmi, romelSiac irmis biJina Svlis nukrad gadaiqca. Aamave dros, filmSi Seicvala moqmedebis adgili – moqmedeba amerikis tyeSi xdeba. Aam nawarmoebs aqvs gagrZelebac, romelic mweralma mogvianebiT dawera: `bembis Svilebi~. N`bembis~ mixedviT sabWoTa kavSirSi gadaRebulia mxat vruli filmebic: `bembis bavSvoba~ (1985 w.) da `bembis axalgazrdoba~ (1986 w.).
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:moswavleebi teqsts kiTxuloben nawilnawil, xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da
gamoTqmebs. teqstis analizisas yuradReba maxvildeba im faqtze, rom nawarmoebis personaJebi arian irmebi, romlebsac mweralma adamianebis msgavsad saxelebi (bembi, karusi, netla, eni, marena...) SeurCia.
_ vin aris am teqstis mTavari gmiri? vis Sesaxeb saubroben irmebi? (adamianis).
_ ra Cans maT saubarSi? (adamianis mimarT udidesi SiSi)._ riT aris es SiSi gamowveuli? (adamiani daundoblad xocavs frinvelebsa
da cxovelebs)._ rogoria irmebis TvaliT danaxuli adamiani? (saSineli Sesaxedavia, aqvs
usiamovno suni)._ Tqveni azriT, aqvT Tu ara irmebs SiSis safuZveli?
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_ adamianis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? daaxasiaTeT adamiani am teqstis mixedviT.
_ risi imedi aqvT irmebs? (mova dro da adamiani da irmebi dazavdebian). Tqveni azriT, SesaZlebelia Tu ara, rodisme am ocnebis axdena? (moswavleebs eZlevaT azris Tavisufalad gamoTqmisa da dasabuTebis saSualeba, moqmedebs principi – yvelas azri sayuradReboa).
_ ra aqvs am nawarmoebs saerTo `Svlis nukris naambobTan~? (orivegan moqmedeba tyeSi xdeba, moqmedi pirebi arian umweo cxovelebi: Sveli da iremi; orivegan adamianis daundoblobasa da sisatikezea saubari; orive teqstSi cxovelebi adamianis msgavsad saubroben, ganicdian, uxariaT, swyinT, eSiniaT; orive mweralma SeZlo mkiTxvelis dafiqreba..); ra gansxvavebaa maT Soris? (pirvel SemTxvevaSi ambavs Tavad Svlis nukri gadmogvcems, aq ki _ mwerali; pirveli nawarmoebi ufro mkveTrad gviCvenebs adamianis sisastikes da mkiTxvelSic met TangrZnobas aR Zravs; `bembi~ ki tipuri sabavSvo Txzulebaa, romlis mizanic srulebiTac ar aris norCi mkiTxvelis dasevdianeba; `bembis~ irmebi momavlis rwmeniT arian gamsWvaluli da im dros elian, roca adamianTan erTad mSvidobianad icxovreben tyeSi, Svlis nukrs ki adamianis eSinia da masTan Tanaarsebobis yovelgvari imedi aqvs gadawuruli...).
Aaqve moswavleebs SeiZleba SevaxsenoT am nawarmoebis mixedviT gadaRebuli uolt disneis cnobili animaciuri filmi, gavavlebinoT maT Soris paralelebi.
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema:moswavleebi teqsts yofen nawilebad. Ggegma daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs: a) irmebi adamianze saubrobenb) ra aris adamianis mesame xelig) ratom eSiniaT irmebs adamianisd) marenas ocnebae) ratom gabrazda deida netla... gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss jer nawilnawil, Semdeg ki gabmuli TxrobiT.
`moswavlis rveulidan~ sruldeba davalebebi #2 da #3.
II. enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
aqtivoba 4 _ mwerlis enaze dakvirveba (evfemizacia _ terminis gareSe):
_ ra saxeliT moixsenieben adamians irmebi? (mis saxels ar axseneben, mxolod nacvalsaxelebiT _ igi, misi _ moixsenieben).
_ rogor fiqrobT, ratom akeTeben amas irmebi? (maT imdenad sZulT da eSiniaT adamianis, rom misi saxelis xsenebac ar surT).
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damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis: evfemizmi_sityva an gamoTqma, romliTac Secvlilia raime ATvalsazrisiT miuRebeli sxva
sityva an gamoTqma. Eevfemizmis uZvelesi da Taviseburi saxea tabu, sityvis xmarebis akrZalva raime motiviT. Mmavne da sazizRar arsebaTa saxelebs winaT ar xmarobdnen da cvlidnen mosaferebeli gamoTqmebiT, miniSnebebiT (Sdr. Bbatonebi _ sabavSvo infeqciuri sneule be bis aRsaniSnavad). (lit: a. arabuli, qarTuli metyvelebis kultura, Tb. 2005 w., gv. 236; z. WumburiZe, r. gabeCava, qarTuli ena, XI kl. saxelmZRvanelo, Tb. 2001, gv. 16). am moTxrobaSi irmebs tabu aqvT dadebuli adamianis saxelze da mas mxolod nacvalsaxelebiT (igi, misi) moixsenieben.
aqtivoba 5 _ sametyvelo etiketze dakvirveba _ pativiscemis (Tava-
zianobis mravlobiTi:saxelmZRvanelo.
aqtivoba 6 _ sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba:`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #4.
aqtivoba 7 _ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba:`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #5 _ gaixsene ra hqvia:
Svlis naSiers _ (nukri) daTvis naSiers _ L(beli)lomis naSiers _ (bokveri, lekvi)spilos naSiers _ (spliyvi)kurdRlis naSiers _ (baWia)turis naSiers _ (lekvi)ciyvis naSiers _ (beli)
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n. dumbaZis `xazarula~, dialeqtizmebi, iumori (terminis gareSe)
miznebi:_ literaturuli teqstis kiTxva da analizi _ kiTxvis strategiebis daufleba, teqstis monakveTebad dayofa da dasa
Taureba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ mxatvruli gamosaxvis xerxebze (iumori) dakvirveba _weris strategiebis daufleba _ mokle Sinaarsis gadmocema werilobiT,
koreqtireba da TviTSefaseba_ dialeqtizmebze dakvirveba_ sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba (dialogis perifrazi)
PI gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisTvis mzadeba (5 wT): maswavlebeli klass yofs jgufebad da avalebs gaixsenon, ra ician
nodar dumbaZis Sesaxeb. kargi iqneba, Tu manamde davavalebT moswavleebs moiZion informacia am mwerlisa da misi nawarmoebebis Sesaxeb. moswavleTa daxmarebiT TandaTan Seivseba `gonebrivi ieriSis ruqa~:
nodardumbaZe
cxovrobdaXX saukuneSi
xalxis sayvareli mweralia
amJamadganisvenebs
mTawmindaze
sabavSvo qalaqi`mziuri~ mis
saxels atarebs
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisTvis:nodar vladimeris Ze dumbaZe daibada 1928 wlis 14 ivliss qalaq TbilisSi. mama vladimer
ivanes Ze dumbaZe saqarTvelos kompartiis maiakovskis raikomis pirveli mdivani, deda ana ivanes asuli baxtaZe diasaxlisi. qalaq Tbilisis me15 skolis moswavle nodar dumbaZe sacxovreblad gadavida Coxatauris raionis sofel xidisTavSi bebiasTan da papasTan. 1937 wlis cnobili represiebi momavali mwerlis ojaxsac Seexo, ris Sedegadac daxvrites misi mama, xolo deda ki
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xangrZlivi vadiT gadaasaxles. aRsaniSnavia is garemoeba, rom mwerali Tavis nawarmoebebSi xSirad iyenebs avtobiografiul faqtebs, xSirad saubrobs omis dros soflad gatarebul wlebze, cdilobs dagvanaxvos imdroindeli qarTuli sofeli iq myofis TvaliT.
1945 wels nodar dumbaZem daasrula Coxatauris raionis sofel xidisTavis saSualo skola da Tbiliss dabrunda swavlis gasagrZeleblad. Sevida Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis ekonomikur fakultetze, romelic 1950 wels daamTavra. 19671972 wlebSi iyo Jurnal `niangis~ redaqtori. 1972 wlidan saq. mweralTa kavSiris gamgeobis mdivani da ssrk mweralTa kavSiris gamgeobis wevri, Jurnalis ̀ molodaia gvardias~ saredaqcio kolegiis wevri. 1950 wlidan n. dumbaZis leqsebi da iumoristuli moTxrobebi sistematurad ibeWdeboda qarTul presaSi. moTxrobebis pirveli krebuli `sofleli biWi~ gamoqveynda 1960 wels. mwerals aRiareba moupoves pirvelive romanebma: `me, bebia, iliko da ilarioni~ (1960) da `me vxedav mzes~ (1962). nodar dumbaZes romanebisa (`mziani Rame~ (1967), `nu geSinia, deda!~ (1971), `TeTri bairaRebi~ (1973) da moTxrobebisaTvis 1975 wels mieniWa SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo premia.
nawarmoebebis naTelma optimizmma, Tanamedrove cxovrebis umniSvnelovanesi movlenebis Rrma wvdomam, Txrobis lirizmma da ganumeorebelma iumorma ganapiroba mwerlis popularoba rogorc CvenSi, ise sazRvargareT. dumbaZis Txzulebebi Targmnilia rusul, ukrainul, moldovur, somxur, azerbaijanul, inglisur, frangul, germanul, espanur, polonur, iaponur, Turqul, arabul da sxva enebze. dumbaZis oTxive romani gadakeTda piesebad. daidga saqarTvelosa da ucxo qveynebis scenebze. gadaRebulia kinofilmebi: `me, bebia, iliko da ilarioni~ (1962 w. reJisori T. abulaZe), `me vxedav mzes~ (1965 w. reJ. l. RoRoberiZe), `gza mSvidobisa, jayo!~, `nu geSinia, deda!~ (1972 w. reJ. m. kokoCaSvili). n. dumbaZes ekuTvnis leqsebisa da moTxrobebis ramdenime krebuli. dajildoebuli iyo sapatio niSnis ordenebiTa da medlebiT. gardaicvala 1983 wels. dakrZaluli iyo q. TbilisSi, sabavSvo qalaq `mziurSi~, romelic Tavis droze swored misi iniciativiT daarsda. amJamad ganisvenebs mTawmindis panTeonSi.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (12-13 wT):moswavleebi iwyeben teqstis I Tavis kiTxvas, kiTxuloben nawilnawil,
gzadagza xsnian ucnob sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs, garda `sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili sityvebisa, moswavleTaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi leqsikuri erTeulebi:
marani _ Rvinis dasayenebeli da Sesanaxi adgilifuRuro _ sicariele, siRrue xis tanSisamarTebeli _ dana an sxva xelsawyo piris gasaparsadlazRandarob _ aq: masxaraobsasTumali _ loginis is mxare, saiTac mwoliares Tavi udevsyoymani _ meryeoba, WoWmani raime gadawyvetilebis miRebaSimificxeba _ cecxlisTvis (mzisTvis) sxeulis (an misi romelime nawilis)
miSverajirki _ kunZi, moris mokle da sqeli naWeri kopebSekruli _ gabrazebuliudrtvinveli _ mSvidi yursac ar apartyunebda _ ar esmoda teqstis analizisTvis daismis faqtebze orientirebuli kiTxvebi:_ ra periodia aRwerili am teqstSi? (aq aRwerilia samamulo omis perio
di). saidan Cans es? (`1942 wlis adre gazafxulze...~)_ ra aris xazarula? (vaSlis xea); rogor aRwers mwerali xazarulas na
yofs? (`SemWknar civ vaSls ...almasxanas dafinosaviT... ~); TviTon xazarulas? (`alagalag...doqebiT CamoxunZluli~);
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_ ras sTxovs bebia SviliSvils? (sTxovs SeaSinos xazarula)._ rodis `aSineben~ xes? (roca igi nayofs aRar isxams)._ rogor aris aRwerili teqstSi xis `SeSineba~? waikiTxeT saTanado adgili
(`najaxi movimarjve...da odaSi davbrundi~).am kiTxvebze pasuxis gacemisas aqtiurad gamoiyeneba saxelmZRvanelo.
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis Cumi kiTxva da gegmis Sedgena (7 wT.):moswavleebi kidev erTxel kiTxuloben teqsts, amjerad Cumad; yofen mas
nawilebad da adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:a) gemrieli xazarulab) sofelSi bebiasTang) beberi xed) bebiis gadawyvetilebae) xazarulas `SeSineba~winaswar Sedgenili gegmis mixedviT gadmoscemen teqstis calkeuli
nawilebis Sinaarss, Semdeg ki amTlianeben wakiTxul masalas. Txrobisas yuradReba maxvildeba ambis logikuri TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemaze, mwerlis leqsikaze, romelic zog SemTxvevaSi maswavleblisagan koreqtirebas moiTxovs.
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba (5 wT.):_ bebia iyo `soflis surnelad ayvavebuli da daRvrili~, _ Tqveni azriT,
ra surnelze migvaniSnebs mwerali _ ris suni asdioda soflidan Camosul bebias? (savaraudod, bebias balaxis, xmeli foTlebis, kvamlis, sunelebis, axladmowvelili rZis... surneli asdioda);
_ `omis dros soflis xizani gavxdi~, _ ratom gaxda avtori `soflis xizani~? ram aiZula igi wasuliyo qalaqidan sofelSi saswavleblad? (AqalaqSi am dros ufro didi gaWirveba iyo, vidre sofelSi).
_ratom icinis biWi bebiis ucnaur Txovnaze – SeaSinos xazarula? ras gamoxatavs igi Tavisi siciliT? (igi gamoxatavs Tavis damokidebulebas Zveli qarTuli rwmenis mimarT; mas ar sjera, rom xes marTlac SeiZleba SeeSindes moWris da amis gamo moisxas nayofi);
_ `xazarula mTeli sxeuliT TrToda~, _ weria teqstSi. teqstis mixedviT, ra aris xazarulas TrTolis mizezi? (zena qari: `zena qarma beberi xe aacaxcaxa~).
aqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba, sxvadasxva pirSi Txroba (8 wT):
_ vin gadmogvcems teqstSi aRweril ambavs? (nawarmoebis erTerTi gmiri)._ romel pirSi gadmogvcems igi am ambavs? (I pirSi)._ rogor fiqrobT, ratom mimarTavs mwerali am xerxs? (imitom, rom Tavad
gadaxda es ambavi)._ romel nacvalsaxels iyenebs igi Tavis Tavze saubrisas? (me nacval
saxels).
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_ sxvas rom moeyola CvenTvis igive ambavi da ara nawarmoebis erTerT gmirs, romel pirSi iqneboda Txroba? (III pirSi).
_ scadeT da gadmoeciT gegmis erTerTi sakiTxi III pirSi._ moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi dialogi. vis da vis Soris aris saubari?
vin svams kiTxvebs? vin pasuxobs? ecadeT, gadmosceT am dialogis Sinaarsi III pirSi.
moswavleebi zepirad gadmoscemen am dialogis Sinaarss, romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
„1942 wlis gazafxulze adre diliT bebia Tavs daadga Tavis SviliSvils da uTxra, amdgariyo da xe SeeSinebina. biWs gaukvirda, rogor SeiZleba xis SeSinebao. magram bebia fiqrobda, rom xazarula ukve naxevrad SeSa iyo, radganac nayofs aRar isxamda. amitom saWiro iyo misi SeSineba~.
aqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba / Sefaseba (1-2 wT): gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles, romlebic
gansakuTrebiT aqtiurobdnen axali masalis axsnis procesSi.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT): gadmoscen teqstis I Tavis Sinaarsi III pirSi, `aqtivobis rveulidan~ Seasru
lon savarjiSo #5.
II gakveTili aqtivoba 1 _ wakiTxulis Sinaarsis gadmocema (10 wT):wina gakveTilze ukve Camoyalibebuli gegmis mixedviT da maswavleblis
daxmarebiT moswavleebi TxrobiT gadmoscemen wakiTxulis Sinaarss jer calcalke, Semdeg ki _ mTlianad, gabmuli TxrobiT, mesame pirSi. Aamave dros, mowmdeba da klasis saerTo mier gaanalizdeba weriTi davalebac.
aqtivoba 2 _ diskusia _ cru rwmenebi (7 wT):moswavleebma unda gaixsenon xalxSi gavrcelebuli romelime cru rwmena
da isaubron mis Sesaxeb (igulisxmeba cru warmodgenebi_crumorwmuneoba).mag.: 1li jgufi irCevs Temas: `win Tu Savma katam gadagirbina...~me2 jgufi irCevs Temas: `sarke ar gagitydes, deda mogikvdebao...~
(Temebi savaraudoa, maTi Secvla maswavlebels SeuZlia klasis interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT).
samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebi awyoben sakuTari namuSevrebis prezentacias, mwvane baraTiT (wasaxaliseblad) dajildovdeba gamarjvebuli jgufis xelmZRvaneli. sabolood maswavlebeli dadebiTad Seafasebs yvela namuSevars principiT: `yvelas azri sainteresoa~.
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aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (12 wT): grZeldeba teqstis meore nawilis kiTxva. nawilnawil kiTxvis dros,
moswavleTa mier daiZebneba da maTive monawileobiT aixsneba ucnobi sityvebi da gamoTqmebi. gamoiyeneba saxelmZRvaneloSi mocemuli `sityvis salaro~, aixneba frazebi: gazafxulma tani daisrula _ gazafxuli ZalaSi Sevida, dadga Suaguli gazafxuli; yvelaferi gadairia _ aq: yvelaferi ayvavda, buneba mwvaniT Seimosa, niSnis mogebiT _ dacinviT...
tardeba gamokrebiTi kiTxva. maswavleblis mier dasmuli pirveli donis kiTxvebis pasuxebs moswavleebi amoikiTxaven saxelmZRvaneloSi.
_ rogor aris aRwerili gazafxulis dadgoma? (`gazafxulma...wamwamebs afaxulebda’’); xazarulas yvaviloba? (`Ria vardisfer... niSnismogebiT gvicqeroda~); vis adarebs mwerali ayvavebul vaSlis xes? (najafar, saTno berikacs);
_ ras gulisxmobs mwerali sityvebSi: `xazarulas xazaruloba~? (gulisxmobs xis yvavilobis dasasruls, sicocxles);
_ moZebneT da waikiTxeT is adgili, sadac `xazarulas xazarulobaa~ aRwerili (`ayvavilda xazarula...aryiTa da murabiT~).
teqstis gaazrebisaTvis daismis kiTxvebi:_ Tqveni azriT, ratom daisxa xazarulam nayofi mxolod erT weliwads? (sa
varaudo pasuxi: mas moWris SeeSinda); ramdenad damajereblad geCvenebaT xalxSi gavrcelebuli Sexeduleba xis `SeSinebis~ Sesaxeb? Tqven Tu gsmeniaT msgav si ram? (am kiTxvaze mosalodnelia sxvadasxvagvari pasuxebi, moswavleebi marTaven erTgvar polemikas, diskusias; maswavlebeli akvirdeba maT msjelobas da aZlevs sasurvel mimarTulebas).
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis nawilebad dayofa da gegmis Sedgena (7-8 wT.):moswavleebs eZlevaT davaleba _ waikiTxon teqsti Cumad, dayon nawilebad
da Seadginon me 2 Tavis gegma. SeirCeva saukeTeso namuSevari, mag.: a) afeTqebuli gazafxuli b) xazarulas yvavilobag) beberi xis gasaWiri / xazarula daberda d) xazarulobis dasasruli
aqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT): moswavleebi ajameben, ra gaiges axali am gakveTilze (maT daasrules n.
dumbaZis `xazarulas~ kiTxva, gaicnes moTxrobis mTavari gmirebi_ 14 wlis ymawvili da misi bebia, Seadgines teqstis Sinaarsis gadmosacemi gegma, gadmosces teqstis Sinaarsi, isaubres xalxSi gavrcelebul crurwmenebze, Seiswavles ramdenime axali sityva...).
aqtivoba 6 _ Sefaseba (1 wT):gakveTilis bolos maswavlebeli afasebs ramdenime moswavles.
aqtivoba 7 _ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT):teqsti TxrobiT; moiniSnon is adgili, romelmac yvelaze metad daafiqraT;
Seafason moqmedi pirebis (biWi, bebia) saqcieli, werilobiT Seasrulon davaleba #2 (`moswavlis rveuli~) _ Seadginon mokle Sinaarsis gadmosacemad mTliani teqstis gegma.
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MIII gakveTili
aqtivoba 1 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema, saSinao weriTi namuSevris Semowmeba (10 wT):
moswavleebi Tavidan bolomde gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss, yuradReba maxvildeba faqtebis TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemaze, Txrobis kulturaze _ warsul droSi Txroba, mesame pirSi Txroba, azris naTlad da gasagebi formiT Camoyalibeba; saubroben, ra aris am nawarmoebis Tema (xalxSi gavrcelebul crurwmena, biWis mier xis daSineba), ra aris dedaazri (bunebis zogierTi movlena xSirad auxs nelia, auxsnelia xazarulas bolo yvavilobac), Tu Cans teqstSi avtoris damo kidebuleba am faqtisadmi (ar Cans, avtori, romelic, amave dros, TviTon aris erTerTi moqmedi piri, Tavis azrs am movlenis Sesaxeb arsad ar gamoxa tavs). saubroben, Tu romelma monakveTma daafiqraT yvelaze metad da ratom... aqve ecnobian erTmaneTis weriT namuSevrebs _ nawarmoebis mokle Sinaarsis gegmas, udareben mas im gegmas, romelic maT adre, wina gakveTilebze Sinaarsis vrclad gadmocemisaTvis Seadgines, akvirdebian im gansxvavebas, rac maT Soris arsebobs (mokle gegmaSi mxolod ZiriTadi da arsebiTi unda aisaxos, mag: a) bebiis Txovna, b) xis SeSineba, g) xazarulas bolo yvaviloba, d) xazarulobis dasasruli). varjiSoben mokle Sinaarsis gadmocemaze.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ mxatvrul saxeebze dakvirveba (5-6 wT):_ mwerali cdilobs xazarulas adamianis Tvisebebi miaweros. ra Tvisebebia
es? (gaRimebuli idga, idga udrtvinveli, niSnismogebiT gvicqeroda, yuri ar gaapartyuna...).
_ ratom adarebs mwerali xazarulas najafar, saTno berikacs? (manac am berikaciviT moixada vali xalxis winaSe).
_ romeli zedsarTavi saxelebiT aRwers mwerali xazarulas nayofs? (muStisodena, Seuxedavi, damWknari, dapranWuli). Tu SeiZleba xazarulas nayofis aRwerisaTvis sxva zedsarTavebis gamoyeneba? (patara, uSno, ulamazo...).
_ ̀ agi, nena, Seni ezos xazarulaa, kia almasxanas dafinosaviT dapranWuli...~ _ vis adarebs bebia xazarulas? (mezoblis _ almasxanis _ meuRles / qaliSvils); ra niSniT adarebs? (garegnobiT, SesaxedaobiT); ratom iyenebs am Sedarebas bebia? (msmenelSi /mkiTxvelSi/ Rimili rom gamoiwvios).
_ am Sedarebis mixedviT, rogori warmogidgeniaT Tavad almasxanis dafino? (aq moswavleebs eZlevaT sakuTari fantaziisaTvis farTo asparezi..);
_ Tu aris teqstSi sxva adgili, romelic agreTve msmenelis (mkiTxvelis) Rimils iwvevas? (aris ramdenime adgili: bebiis xelSi najaxis danaxvaze SviliSvili Seicxadebs: ` mRupav bebia?’~; `gavaxede da sicili wamskda; `moeSvi, biWo, awi mag Zroxas, sanam vaSlis kampots ar meiwveleba, ar daanebeb Tavs?~, sasaciloa Tavad siuJetic _ xis SeSineba, saubari xesTan, muqara... da a.S.). Tqveni azriT, ratom mimarTavs am xerxs mwerali? (pasuxi: unda mkiTxveli gaamxiarulos, mas sasiamovno ganwyoba Seuqmnas); xom ar gaixsenebT amave mwerlis sxva nawarmoebs, romelic aseve mkiTxvelis Rimils iwvevs? (moswavleebs SesaZloa gaaxsendeT dumbaZis `me, bebia, iliko da ilarioni~ an sxva nawarmoebebi).
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damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:iumori _ komikuris erTerTi saxe. iumoris obieqti Tumca gakilvis Rirsia, magram inar
Cunebs mimzidvelobas. Kkomikuri iumorSi warmodgenilia yvelaze rbil tonalobaSi. iumoris aqtiuri formaa gonebamaxviloba. rogorc wesi, iumori ar niSnavs vinmes dacinvas. MmarTalia, iumori sicilis momgvreli formiT amxels ama Tu im naklvanebas, magram amgvar mxilebas safuZvlad udevs ara zizRi da dacinva, aramed Rrma adamianuri TanagrZnoba. iumori da mis safuZvelze warmoqmnili sicili jansaRia, igi pirovnebis ganwmendis saukeTeso saSualebaa. iumori arsebiTad gansxvavdeba satirisagan, romelic cxovrebis mankieri mxareebis gamkilav, daundobel kritikas warmoadgens. mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba ironiisaganac, romlis mizanicaa uaryofiTi mxareebis damcinavi formiT wamoweva wina planze. Mmsoflio literaturaSi iumoris cnobili didostatebi iyvnen: servantesi, fr. rable, i. haSeki, n. gogoli, a. Cexovi, m. zoSCenko... qarTuli iumoris didostatebi arian: d. kldiaSvili, p. kakabaZe, n. dumbaZe... (litra: a. Wialaia, r. Wilaia, dasax. Sroma, gv. 136).
Aaqtivoba 3 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba_ dialeqtizmebi (5 -6 wT):maswavlebeli moswavleebs amoakiTxebs teqstis am nawilSi gamoyenebul
gurul dileqtizmebs. mag.: nena, kope, orSimo, orCxruSi... rava, meiwveleba... aqve ixseneben sxvadasxva kuTxisTvis damaxasiaTebel dialeqtur formebsac.
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis konstruireba _ davaleba #3, SeSinebuli xazaru-la (15-17 wT):
teqstis agebisas moswavleebs aucileblad unda mivceT miTiTeba imis Sesaxeb, rom: a) igi iyos mokle, b)yuradReba gamaxvildes mxolod mTavarsa da arsebiTze, g) Txroba warmoebdes mesame pirSi, d) Txrobisas Tavi avaridoT dialogebs, e) Caetion miTiTebul droSi. weris damTavrebis Semdeg moswavleebi kiTxuloben sakuTar namuSevars da asworeben SemCneul Secdomebs. SeiZleba gamo viyenoT TviTSefasebisa da urTierTSefasebis formebi.
Aaqtivoba 5 _ Sejameba da Sefaseba (2-3 wT).
Aaqtivoba 6 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):`xazarula~; moifiqron da daweron yvelaze sasacilo ambavi, romelic Tavs
gadaxdeniaT. Seasrulon davaleba #4 (`moswavlis rveuli~).
Sedegebis kodi:
V.1. _ am Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavle warmoadgens zepir teqsts xalxSi gavrcelebuli crurwmenebis Sesaxeb, asabuTebs Tavsi azrs, warmoadgens konkretul faqtebs, afasebs TanatolTa gamosvlas am sakiTxis irgvliv;
V. 2. SeuZlia jgufuri da individualuri sakomunikacio amocanebis ganxorcieleba.
V. 3. SeuZlia enobrivgramatikuli formebis aRqma da marTebulad gamoyeneba Sesabamis sametyvelo situaciebSi.
V. 6. gamomuSavebuli aqvs xmamaRali kiTxvis sawyisi unarCvevebi.V. 8. ganmartavs personaJTa qcevis motivs da afasebs maT saqciels; axasi
aTebs personaJebs rogorc eqspliciturad mocemul informaciaze dayrdno
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biT, ise Sinaarsis gaazrebis safuZvelze; yofs teqsts Sinaarsobriv nawilebad; sakuTari sityvebiT gadmoscems teqstis Sinaarss;
V. 9. amoicnobs da asaxelebs martiv mxatvrul simboloebs.V. 11. SeuZlia kiTxvis sxvadasxva strategiis gamoyeneba teqstis ukeT gaaz
rebis mizniT. V. 12. SeuZlia sxvadasxva tipis teqstebis damoukideblad Seqmna. V. 14. SeuZlia gramatikuli wesebis marTebulad gamoyeneba da marTlweris
normebis dacva.
Mmomdevno Temis _ g. Coxelis `saziaro yvavi~, r. inaniSvilis `biWi mal-xazi~ _ dagegmvas mTlianad maswavlebels vandobT. vTavazobT damatebiT informacias:
goderZi Coxeli, Tanamedrove qarTveli mwerali da kinoreJisori, daibada 1954 wels duSeTis raionis sofel CoxSi, 1978 wels daamTavra SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis Teatraluri institutis kinosareJisoro fakulteti, aris avtori wignebisa: `werili naZvebs~, `bindisferi sofeli~, `adamianTa sevda~, `mgeli~, `Tevzis werilebi~, `bedis mdevari~, `caswavala~... aqtiurad muSaobda kinematografiaSi, aris aTze meti filmis reJisori da scenaristi (`miwismzomelebi~, `adamianTa sevda~, ̀ werili naZvebs~, ̀ codvis Svilebi~, ̀ lukas saxareba~, ̀ samoTxis gvritebi~, ̀ mijaWvuli raindebi~...). gardaicvala 2008 wels.
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m. maWavarianis `sakuTari sicocxlis Semokleba~; saklaso diskusia `adamiani da buneba~; zmnis uRleba
miznebi:_ adamianisa da bunebis urTierTobaze dakvirveba_ teqstis kiTxva da gaazreba, saTanado daskvnebis gamotana_ sakuTari azris dasabuTeba, kritikuli azrovnebis ganviTareba_ aRweriTi teqstis ageba_ zmnis formacvlaze dakvirveba
I. teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:aq maswavlebels vTavazobT or variants: a) klasi msjelobs muxran maWavari
anis adre wakiTxuli leqsebis Sesaxeb; ixseneben, ra ician am poetze, ris gagebas isurveben mis Sesaxeb am gakveTilze; am mizniT SeiZleba gamoviyenoT `gonebrivi ieriSis ruka~; b) maswavlebeli klass sTavazobs Temas sadiskusiod `Cemi qalaqis (soflis) buneba~. amgvar muSaobas SeiZleba mivceT jgufuri xasiaTi. Ggamaxvildeba yuradReba adamianisa da bunebis urTierT damo ki de bulebis konkretul SemTxvevebze.
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:muxran maWavariani _ Tanamedrove poeti, daibada 1929 w sof. argveTSi, saCxeris raionSi,
1954 w. daamTavra T s u filologiis fakulteti, 19671984 wlebSi iyo Jurnal `pioneris~, xolo 19821992 wlebSi Jurnal `saunjis~ mTavari redaqtori. pirveli leqsebi 1952 w. gamoaqveyna. 1958 w gamovida poetis ori krebuli: ̀ wiTeli mze da mwvane balaxi~ da ̀ siCume uSenod~, romelic rusulad iTargmna da mwerals didi aRiareba moutana _ 1959 w. axalgazrdobis msoflio VII saerTaSoriso festivalis laureatis wodeba. Ppoetis mTeli Semoqmedeba dafuZnebulia patriotizmze _ mSobeli qveynis, xalxis, dedaenis udides siyvarulze.
winamdebare teqsti warmoadgens recenzias cnobili qarTveli bunebismetyvelis arn. gegeWkoris wignze `dedabuneba~, magram avtori scildeba Cveulebrivi recenzentis farglebs
da wina planze kvlav mSobliuri miwisa da enis siyvaruls wamoswevs. gardaicvala 2010 wels.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva:teqsts Tavidan bolomde kiTxulobs maswavlebeli. igi monologs warmoad
gens, Seicavs dialogsac, amitom maswavlebelma kiTxvisas aucileblad unda miaqcios am garemoebas yuradReba da saTanado intonacia, tempi da maxvilebi (logikuri, fsiqologiuri) SearCios. Aamis Semdeg teqsts nawilnawil kiTxuloben moswavleebi da gzadagza xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs, romlebic teqstSi mravladaa. Ggarda ̀ sityvaTa salaroSi~ axsnili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavleebisaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes Semdegi sityvebi da frazebi: Suaxansgadacilebuli – asakovani, xanSiSesuli (Sua xani _ dro axalgazrdobasa da moxucebuloba Soris); xelisgulisodena adgili _ patara adgili; Tavs aravin icxelebs – Tavs aravin iwuxebs; STamomavloba _ momavali Taoba; urTi-erTSewevniT _ erTmaneTis daxmarebiT, urTierTdaxmarebiT; garkveulwilad _ erTgvarad, nawilobriv... leqsikuri analizisas yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT im faqtzec, rom Txrobisas mwerali zog SemTxvevaSi iyenebs literaturuli enisaTvis ucxo sityvebsac: SemoaRlites, daajligineben, dafSxala..., rac, erTi mxriv, imiT aixsneba, rom mwerali imerelia da zog SemTxvevaSi imerul di
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aleqtizmebs iyenebs (dafSxala), meore mxriv ki imiT, rom mwerals surs mkiTxvelisaTvis ufro gasagebi gaxados Txroba, misTvis ufro maxlobeli da Sinauri gaxdes.
maswavlebeli sagangebod Cerdeba teqstis im monakveTze, sadac mwerali sulxansaba orbelianis leqsikonze saubrobs. moswavleebisaTvis sulxansaba nacnobia rogorc mwerali, magram araferi ician misi leqsikonis Sesaxeb, amdenad, informacia moswavleebs am sakiTxis Sesaxebac unda mivawodoT.
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis: sulxansaba orbelianis `leqsikoni qarTuli~, anu `sityvis kona~ (rogorc es am wignis
Tvis vaxtang VIs Seurqmevia), ganmartebiTi leqsikonia, romelic sami aTeuli wlis Sromis Sedegia. Seicavs oci aTasze met sityvas. sityvis ganmarteba da axsna xSirad dasabuTebulia romelime cnobili nawarmoebis adgiliT, gansakuTrebiT damowmebulia Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebi. Sedgenisas avtors usargeblia ucxo enebis leqsikonebiT, Seujerebia isini erTmaneTTan da mxolod amis safuZvelze Seuqmnia `leqsikoni qarTuli~. Lleqsikons win axlavs `anderZamagi~. aq avtori aRniSnavs, rom qarTvelebs adrec hqoniaT am tipis leqsikoni, romelic dahkargviT da amis gamo `ena qarTuli TvisTa nebazed gauryvniaT~. rogorc specialistebi aRniSnaven, es leqsikoni scildeba ganmartebiTis farglebs da erTsa da imave dros aris enciklopediuric da TargmniTic. Lleqsikonis amgvari Sedgena ki iman ganapiroba, rom mas saswavlo daniSnulebac hqonia (`pirvel saswavlo yrmaTaTvis~).
Msulxansabas `leqsikonSi~ moipoveba pirobiTi niSnebi mnaTobaTa, mcenareTa, frinvelTa, TevzTa, qvewarmavalTa aRsaniSnavad. rogorc wesi, es leqsikuri erTeulebi qarTul enazevea ganmartebuli, mag: gedi _ zRvis bati, boloSava _ mWvrinavi; Woti _ momcro bu aris, Rame iZaxis (Sdr. Woti). zogierTi sityva ki ganmartebis gareSea, aRniSnulia mxolod pirobiTi niSniT. rogorc Cans, muxran maWavarians aseTi leqsikuri erTeulebi aqvs mxedvelobaSi (xaratoni, Wvinta, wintala, oyari, iveosi... _ aRniSnulia frinvelis pirobiTi niSniT, Sesatyvisi ki ara aqvs miwerili). (litra: sulxansaba orbeliani, `qarTuli leqsikoni~, i. yifSiZisa da a. SaniZis redaqciiT, winasityvaoba daurTo a. SaniZem, 1928 w.; sulxansaba orbeliani, `leqsikoni qarTuli~, I, redaqtorebi e. metreveli, c. qurcikiZe, Tb. 1991 w.).
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis analizi da Sefaseba:kiTxvebi teqstis gagebagaazrebisa da SefasebisaTvis mocemulia saxel
mZRvaneloSi. Mmoswavleebi teqstidan asaxeleben adamianis bunebisadmi usulgulo damokidebulebis konkretul SemTxvevebs (xnaven erozirebul adgilebs, Cexen tyeebs, xocaven frinvelebs, soflis mTagorebidan didi raodenobiT gaaqvT sila...), saubroben im Sedegebze, rac am damokidebulebam moutana bunebas (Sreba wyaroebi, iklebs mdinareebi, qari xeze nayofs aRar ayenebs...). amasve ukavSirdeba saklaso diskusiac (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #1).
werilobiTi teqstis ageba: `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2.
II. enobriv masalaze dakvirveba
aqtivoba 1 _ rTuli saxelebis marTlweraze dakvirveba:Suaxansgadacilebuli, xelisgulisodena, xvna-Tesva, mTa-gorebi, Tof-
iaraRi, dedaena... moswavleebi ganmartaven, ratom iwereba es rTuli sityvebi ase, maTi gamoyenebiT adgenen winadadebebs da weren dafaze.
aqtivoba 2 _ zmnis raobis gaxseneba, dakvirveba zmnis uRlebis martiv SemTxvevebze, piris niSnebis gacnoba (`moswavlis rveuli~, davalebebi #3 da #4).
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giorgi SatberaSvilis `gamoqvabulSi~ (nawyveti moTxrobidan `saTaflia~), zmna, zmnuri frazeologizmebi, zmnis uRlebis martivi paradigmebi _ 3 sT
miznebi:
_ teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ martivi aRweriTi teqstis konstruireba jer zepirad, Semdeg _ werilobiT_ saganTSorisi kavSiri bunebismetyvelebasTan_ zmnis formacvalebaze dakvirveba_ zmnasTan dakavSirebuli orToepiulorTografiuli Cvevebis formireba_ zmnuri farzeologizmebis gacnoba da metyvelebaSi gamoyeneba
I gakveTili
Gaqtivoba 1 _ moswavleTa zepiri da weriTi pasuxebis prezentacia da Se-faseba (ganvlili masalis Semowmeba _ m. maWavarianis `sakuTari sicocxlis Semokleba~) (7-8 wT):
Aaqtivoba 2 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba (5-7 wT):klasi iyofa jgufebad, TiToeul jgufs evaleba Seadginos mokle aRweriTi
teqsti gamoqvabulis Sesaxeb (rogor esmiT am sityvis mniSvneloba, ra smeniaT / waukiTxavT gamoqvabulis Sesaxeb, saqarTveloSi romeli gamoqvabuli unaxavT da sad...). klass SeiZleba winaswar davavaloT moiZion saTanado masala am sakiTxis irgvliv. teqstis prezentacia da Sefaseba xdeba klasSi.
Aaqtivoba 31 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (12-15 wT).
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:giorgi SatberaSvili _ 19101965 ww., 1932 w. daamTavra Tsu istoriis fakulteti, lit.
moRvaweobas iwyebs 1929 wdan, pirveli poeturi krebuli gamosca 1933 w. misi Semoqmedebisa Tvis damaxasiaTebelia Janrobrivi mravalferovneba. aRasaniSnavia, rom is nayofierad Sromobda sabavSvo literaturis sferoSic. ekuTvnis mravali sabavSvo moTxroba, maT Soris aRsaniSnavia `saTaflia~ da `mtkvris saTavisaken~.
1 sakiTxavi teqsti saxelmZRvaneloSi or nawilad aris gayofili, amitom misi damuSavebac ase moxdeba. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom moswavleTa erTi nawilisaTvis SeiZleba nacnobi iyos es avtoric da es gmirebic, ramdenadac IV kl. saxelmZRvaneloSi Setanili gvaqvs nawyveti am moTxrobidan (`dinozavris nakvalevze~).
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saTaflia _ mRvime quTaisTan, samguralis seris maxloblad. Dderefnis tipisaa, aqvs ganStoebebi da darbazebi. maTi saerTo sigrZe 900 ms aRwevs. Nmaqsimaluri simaRle 10 mia, sigane _ 12 m. aqve miedineba mdinare oRaskura, romelic gamosasvlels poulobs samguralis seris samxreTiT. gamoqvabuli aRmoaCina da Seiswavla pedagogmxareTmcodnem petre Wabukianma. aqve, mRvimis SesasvleleTan, aRmoCenilia mtacebeli da balaxiWamia dinozavrebis 200mde nakvalevi.
teqstis kiTxvas iwyebs maswavlebeli, agrZeleben moswavleebi. SeiZleba gamoviyenoT `pauzebiT kiTxvac~ _ teqsti davyoT azrobrivad dasrulebul monakveTebad:
Ppauza I: I striqonidan ̀ araferi ar arRvevda am idumalebiT aRsavse adgilis myudroebas~_mde.
Ppauza II: `_ `Sexede, Sexede, elguja, es ra aris?~Ppauza III: `... stalaqtitebad da stalagmitebad gadaqceuliyvnen.~Ppauza IV: `_ TiTqos iqidan viRac gvemuqreba! _ man xeli gaiSvira mRvimis
siRrmisken.~
moswavleebs TiToeuli monakveTis wakiTxvis Semdeg vavalebT warmoadginon sakuTari mosazrebebi teqstSi movlenebis Semdgomi ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. miRebuli pasuxebi mogvianebiT Seudardeba avtoriseul variants. gzadagza kiTxvis procesSi aixsneba moswavleTaTvis gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebic. xmamaRali kiTxvis paralelurad gamoiyeneba Cumi kiTxvac.
Mmaswavlebeli svams faqtebze orientirebul kiTxvebs, romelTa pasuxebic moswavleebma wignSi unda amoikiTxon:
_ ratom gadawyvites gamoqvabulis daTvaliereba elgujam da goCam? iq ris aRmoCenas apirebdnen biWebi?
_ rogor aRwers mwerali saTafliis midamoebs? moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi saTanado adgili.
_ ra ganwyoba daeuflaT biWebs gamoqvabulSi Sesvlamde? ram gaumZafraT SemdegSi maT es grZnoba?
_ ra hgvridaT saTafliaSi Cumad Separul biWebs siamayes? _ ra sityvebiT gadmogvcems gamoqvabulSi myofi biWebis gancdebs avtori?
moZebneT da waikiTxeT teqstSi saTanado adgilebi._ ra inanes biWebma? ratom uxmobda gamoqvabulSi Sesuli elguja fores?
teqstis gaazrebisaTvis daismis kiTxvebi:_ gamoqvabulSi Separul biWebs ori erTmaneTis sapirispiro grZnoba daeu
flaT. ra grZnobebia es? ram gamoiwvia es grZnobebi?_ wakiTxul monakveTSi elgujasa da goCas ra Tvisebebi Cans? riT hgvanan
isini erTmaneTs? riT gansxvavdebian? TqvenTvis maTi ra Tvisebaa misaRebi? MmiuRebeli?
_`ager gamoqvabulis Tavidan Tavdayira dakidebuli maxrCobela gveli TiTqos klakvniT moeSureboda maTken! iqve, dabla, meore uzarmazar gvels amoeyo Tavi miwidan da biWebisaTvis gzis gadaRobvas lamobda!~ _ ase aRwers mwe
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rali biWebis TvaliT danaxul gamoqvabuls. ramdenad Seefereba es suraTi realobas? ra aris amis mizezi?
_ SiSTan erTad biWebs siamayis grZnobac daeuflaT. Tqveni azriT, marTlac saamayo saqcieli Caidines biWebma? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
_ biWebma TavianTi gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb _ ufrosebis gareSe Cumad daeTvalierebinaT gamoqvabuli _ araferi uTxres umcros Zmas. Tqveni azriT, ra unda yofiliyo amis mizezi?
_ mwerali gamoqvabulSi Separul biWebs `raindebs~ uwodebs. ramdenad amar Tleben isini am saxels? daasabuTeT Tqveni azri.
Aaqtivoba 4 _ gegmis Sedgenaze muSaoba (5-7 wT):moswavleebi nawilnawil kiTxuloben teqsts da adgenen Sinaarsis gad
mosacemad gegmas (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2), romelic daaxloebiT aseT saxes miiRebs:
a) elguja da goCa dinozavrebis nakvalevTanb) SiSze gamarjveba / gamoqvabulSi gadaZroma / aRmoCenebis molodinSig) pirveli dazvervis Sedegebi / gamoqvabulis daTvalierebad) idumali SiSi e) fiqrebi foreze / siamaye da sinanuliv) elgujas gadawyvetileba / mSiSara goCa
aqtivoba 5 _ teqstis konstruireba (5-7 wT):maswavlebeli klass avalebs warmoidginon sakuTari Tavi gamoqvabulSi
da Seadginon zepiri teqsti saTauriT `gamoqvabulSi~, Txrobisas aucileblad gamo iyenon axlad Seswavlili leqsikuri erTeulebi: mRvime, kirqva, Sre, sta-lagmiti, stalaqtiti. Kkargia, Tu damatebiT resursad gamoviyenebT msoflios sxvadasxva cnobili gamoqvabulebis amsaxvel ferad fotomasalas.
Aaqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba (2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 8 _ saSinao davaleba (1-2 wT):moswavleebs eZlevaT teqsti TxrobiT, dasawerad _ davaleba #3 (`moswavlis
rveuli~).
II gakveTili
Aaqtivoba 1 _ moswavleTa zepiri da werilobiTi pasuxebis prezentacia (7-10 wT):
moswavleebi TxrobiT gadmoscemen wakiTxuli teqstis Sinaarss. Aam dros SeiZleba gamoviyenoT jgufuri muSaoba: TiToeul jgufs SevTavazoT gegmis esa Tu is nawili da davavaloT, gadmoscen mxolod am monakveTis Sinaarsi. Txrobisas
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yuradReba eqceva ambis logikuri Tanmimdevrobis dacvas, faqtebis sizustes, agreTve _ Txrobisas mwerliseuli leqsikis gamoyenebas, droTa Tanmimdevrobis dacvas, III pirSi Txrobas, gamometyvelebiT kiTxvas. Aaseve xdeba moswavleTa werilobiTi davalebis prezentacia _ maT teqstis mixedviT unda aReweraT saTaflias gamoqvabuli sayrdeni sityvebis (`idumali~, `SiSi~, `stalagmitebi~, `stalaqtitebi~, `kirqva~, `samariseburi dumili~, `qvewarmavlebi~) gamoyenebiT.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ werilobiTi davalebis TviTSefaseba da urTierTSefaseba (3-5 wT):
(kiTxvebi davalebis Sefasebisa da urTierTSefasebisaTvis mocemulia `moswavlis rveulSi~, davaleba #3).
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi (10-12):moswavleebi nawilnawil kiTxuloben teqstis meore monakveTs, gzadagza
xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs. teqstis gaazrebisa da analizisaTvis daismis kiTxvebi, romlebic saxelmZRvaneloSia miTiTebuli.
aqtivoba 4 _ gegmis Sedgena (5 wT):am Tavis Sinaarsis gadmosacemad adgenen gegmas, romelic daaxloebiT aseT
xasiaTs miiRebs: a) pirveli marcxib) SiSig) goCas sayvedurebi d) uimedoba e) tyismcvelis gamoCenav) sixaruli
aqtivoba 5 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
a)zmnuri frazeologizmebi (5 wT):
TqviT erTi sityviT _ zmniT:
SiSis zari dasca _ SeaSina suli ganaba _ gainaba, gaCumdaTvals ver usworebda _ ver uyurebdafrTas asxamda _ axalisebda, aqezebda
`moswavlis rveulidan~ sruldeba davaleba #5 _ mocemul winadadebebSi xazgasmuli frazebi Secvale saTanado mniSvnelobis zmnebiT:
pirSi wyali Caigubes _ gaCumdnenCahbarda patronsa _ mokvda, gardaicvalagadauvarda gulidan _ daaviwydaamoiRo TvalSi _ gadaekida
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AAb)zmnis dro (5 wT):
Mmaswavlebeli dafaze winaswar wers (an saxelmZRvaneloSi kiTxuloben) nawyvets Seswavlili teqstidan: ̀ ramdenime wuTs isini yuradRebiT aTvalierebdnen 23 dRis winaT nanax naterfalebs, adarebdnen erTmaneTs sididiT, moyvanilobiT, zomavdnen nafexurebis sigrZesiganes, rveulebSi raRacas ixatavdnen Tu iwerdnen, Tan aqeTiqiT frTxilad iyurebodnen~.
_ rodis xdeba am teqstSi aRwerili moqmedeba? a) saubris momentSi, b) saubris momentamde, g) saubris momentis Semdeg (SearCieT marTebuli pasuxi da daasa buTeT Tqveni azri. swori pasuxia b).
_ axla moZebneT am teqstSi zmnebi da gansazRvreT romel dros gamoxataven isini.
_ ramdeni dro aqvs zmnas? ras gamoxatavs axlandeli dro?warsuli dro? Mmomavali?
_ romel droSia am teqstSi Txroba?_ scadeT gadmosceT teqstis Sinaarsi momaval da warsul droebSi.
Aaqtivoba 6 _ Sejameba (1-2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 7 _ Sefaseba (2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 8 _ saSinao davaleba (2 wT):teqstis meore nawili TxrobiT, davaleba #4 (`moswavlis rveuli~, gv. 22).
III gakveTiliAaqtivoba 1 _ saSinao davalebis prezentacia da Sefaseba (5-7 wT):moswavleebi TanmimdevrobiT gadmoscemen teqstis Sinaarss. muSaobaSi
mTeli klasia CarTuli. Mmoswavleebi ismenen erTmaneTis pasuxebs da maswavlebelTan erTad afaseben, gamoTqvamen SeniSvnebs, asabuTeben Tavis azrs.
Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis analizi (12-15 wT):Mmoswavleebi asaxeleben teqstis mTavar (goCa, elguja) da aramTavar (fore,
papa petre, tyismcveli kapitoni) gmirebs da afaseben maT saqciels, saubroben maTTvis damaxasiaTebel Tvisebebze; cdiloben, moiZion teqstSi is adgilebi, romlebic gmiris ama Tu im Tvisebaze migvaniSnebs; Mmag., Eelguja aris gambedavi da yvela wamowyebis iniciatori (`_ axla ki gamoqvabulisaken! _ wamoiZaxa elgujam...~, `win elguja midioda, anTebuli sanTeliT gzas iSuqebda da malimal ukan goCasaken ixedeboda~, `romelime Savi laqis an Crdilis danaxvisTanave elguja muxlisTavebze iCoqebda, sanTels miaSuqebda da guliscemiT aTvalierebda...~), mizanswrafulia da jiuti, ar sCvevia ukandaxeva (`magram am Txovnis miuxedavad elguja win miabijebda da daJinebiT imeorebda:_ ara, Tu ginda, Sen dabrundi,
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me gamoqvabulis bolomdis unda mivide, iqneb rames wavawyde...~), ar sCvevia wuwuni da uxmod itans gaWirvebas (Semdeg goCas gverdiT uxmod miujda da Tvalebi SiSiT daxuWa...); bolo wuTamde ar kargavs imeds da eZebs gamosavals Seqmnili viTarebidan (`muxlebze daCoqili, wingaSverili xelebis faTuriT miforTxavda kupriviT sqlad Camowolil wyvdiadSi~...).
goCa SedarebiT mSiSaraa (`goCa malimal SeCerdeboda, ukandasaxevad emzadeboda, Tan gaubedavad wamoiZaxebda~...); yvelaferSi endoba elgujas da mas hbaZavs (`goCac mas mihyva~... `goCac xalisianad mihyveboda elgujas nafexurebs~... `ufros Zmas mxardamxar mihyveboda~... `goCas marto dabrunebas elgujasTan erTad siaruli erCia, Tund gamoqvabulis bolomde~...). orive Zma maZiebluri bunebisaa (maT imedi hqondaT, rom gamoqvabulSi saintereso masalebs aRmoaCendnen), sakuTar ZalebSi Tavdajerebulni arian (miaCniaT, rom am saqmis gakeTebas ufrosebis daxmarebis gareSec SeZleben), eurCebian ufrosebs da saWiroebis dros tyuilis Tqmasac ar eridebian (ise gaiparnen Sinidan, rom aravis araferi uTxres, umcros Zmasac ki); arc erTisaTvis ar aris ucxo sindisis qenjna da danaSaulis monanieba (orive nanobs, rom araferi uTxres umcros Zmas; bolos orive grZnobs danaSauls sakuTari Tavisa da ufrosebis winaSe _ amdeni rom anerviules)... am gmirebis daxasiaTebisaTvis SeiZleba gamoviyenoT `gonebrivi ieriSis ruka~ an `venis diagrama~.
elguja
saqmis wamomwyebi, inciativiani
bolomde ar kargavs imeds
mizanswra-fuli
gambedavi
uSiSari
jiuti
maZie-bluri buneba
elgujagambedavi
. . .
goCamSiSara
. . .
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aqtivoba 3 _ jgufuri aqtivoba (5 wT).
ra vicodi gamoqvabulis Sesaxeb ra gavige ris gagebas visurvebdi
aqtivoba 4 _ enobriv masalaze dakvirveba (10 wT).
a) wina viTarebis saxelebze dakvirveba:
terfi _ natrefalikvali _ nakvalevifexi _ nafexuriTiTi _ naTiTuri_ ras amCnevT? ra gansxvavebaa am saxelebs Soris?
informacia maswavleblisaTvis:wina viTarebis saxelebi aRniSnaven, Tu ras warmoadgenda sagani winaT, an rogoria is axla
winandelTan SedarebiT. mawarmoebeli afiqsebia: na- _ -ar, na- _ -ev, na- _ -ur. saWiro ar aris am etapze moswavleebisaTvis terminebisa da saTanado afiqsebis gacnoba, mTavaria, davakvirvoT isini sityvis semantikasa da sityvaTwarmoqmnaze zogadad).
b) zmnuri frazeologizmebi (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #4)
Tavzari daeca SeSindamusri gaavlo daxocaxeli gaumarTa daexmarajvars acva gaawvalajorze Sejda gajiutda enas kbili daaWira gaCumdaabuCad aigdo gaamasxaravaTqveni Wiri waiRo gardaicvala
Kkargi iqneba, Tu am frazeologizmebis winadadebebSi gamoyenebas davavalebT moswavleebs.
g) zmniswinze dakvirveba:gaikvreba zmniswinTa sqema:
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dis
mo
mi
Se
ga
gamo
gada
gadmo
Semo
Mmoswavleebi ixseneben zmniswinis raobas, maTi darTviT iReben axalaxal zmnebs, am codnis gamoyenebiT moswavlis rveuldan sruldeba davalebebi #2 da # #3.
Aaqtivoba 5 _ Sefaseba da Sejameba (2 wT).
Aaqtivoba 6 _saSinao davaleba (2 wT). teqsti Tavidan bolomde TxrobiT, werilobiT _ `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #1 (gv. 23).
Sedegebis kodi:am Temis gavlis Semdeg moswavle:
V2 _ moiZiebs masalas miTiTebuli sakiTxis (gamoqvabulebi) Sesaxeb da auditoriis winaSe warmoadgens zepir teqsts; winaswar Seadgens gegmas zepiri gamosvlisaTvis, mosmenisas CainiSnavs sxvaTa mier gamotqmul Tvalsazriss;
V2 _ ismens mxatvrul nawarmoebs da gamoxatavs Tavis damokidebulebas mosmenilis mimarT.
V7 _ SeuZlLia aramxatvruli teqstis asagebad (`gamoqvabulSi~) Sesabamisi sainformacio masalis moZieba, wakiTxva da gaazreba;
V9 _ avlebs paralelebs adre wakiTxulTan, msjelobs moqmed pirTa saqcielze, afasebs maT da asabUuTebs Tavis azrs Seswavlili teqstis mixedviT;
V10 _ teqstSi amoicnobs sityvaTa gaformebis (am SemTxvevaSi _ zmnis) morfosintaqsur saSualebebs (zmnis piri, ricxvi, dro, zmniswini);
V11 _ Seswavlil teqsts yofs nawilebad, asaxelebs am dayofis azrobriv safuZvels, konkretuli informaciis mosaZieblad (am SemTxvevaSi saTafliis gamoqvabuli) iyenebs enciklopediur statiebs, internets, biblioTekas;
V12 _ weris dawyebmade adgens gegmas, TanmimdevrobiT gadmoscems faqtebsa da movlenebs, akeTebs aqcents mTavr sakiTxebze; konteqstis mixedviT SearCevs saTanado leqsikur erTeulebs;
V14 _ asworebs SemCneul gramatikulorTografiul Secdomebs (ori vs wera I pirSi, ori isa da or es marTebuli wera saTanado zmniswinebTan..), teqstis Seqmnis Semdeg TviTonve akeTebs koreqturas.
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mark tvenis `skolaSi~ (nawyveti `tom soieris Tavgadasavli-dan~), mimarTvis formebi qarTulSi, Tavazianobis mravlobiTi, sametyvelo etiketi, ricxvSi monacvle zmnebi
miznebi:
_ mxatvruli teqstis kiTxva da analizi_ wakiTxulis gaazreba da Sefaseba, daskvnebis gakeTeba da sakuTari azris
dasabuTeba_ literaturul personaJTa martivad daxasiaTeba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ werilobiTi teqstebis ageba da koreqtireba_ sametyvelo etiketi, Tavazianobis mravlobiTis gamoyeneba qarTulSi_ ricxvSi monacvle zmnebis gacnoba da maTi marTebuli formebiT gamoye
neba metyvelebaSi_ zmnasTan dakavSirebiT martivi stiluri da orTografiuli Cvevebis
gamomuSaveba
I. teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba-provocireba:Ees etapi pedagogs SeuZlia dagegmos Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr, Cven vTava
zobT Cveneul variants: maswavlebeli moswavleebs sTxovs daasaxelon is literaturuli gmirebi, romlebsac, maTi azriT, msoflios yvela qveyanaSi icnoben bavSvebi. Ees aqtivoba SeiZleba Catardes jgufurad. TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens Tavis variants. SeiZleba Catardes erTgvari Sejibric _ gaimarjvebs is jgufi, romelic yvelaze ufro met aseT literaturul personaJs daasaxelebs. Aaqve vakiTxebT nodar dumbaZis sityvebs mark tvenis gmirebis (tom soierisa da heklberi finis) Sesaxeb da vTxovT, gaixsenon, ra smeniaT maTze.1 Sesaval saubarSi maswavlebeli klass amcnobs, Tu sad (amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi) da rodis (XIX saukunis Sua xanebSi) xdeba teqstSi aRwerili moqmedeba.
damatebiTi informacia maswavleblisaTvis:mark tveni (samuel klemanso), 18351910 ww. cnobili amerikeli mwerali, amerikuli kriti
kuli realizmis fuZemdebeli, sabavSvo literaturis klasikosi; hqonda uamravi profesia: iyo asoTamwyobis Segirdi, locmani, oqros maZiebeli, JurnalgazeTebSi aqveynebda iumoristul nawarmoebebs, pamfletebs, statiebs, reportaJebs; norC mkiTxvelTa Soris gansakuTrebuli popularobiT sargeblobs `tom soieris Tavgadasavali~, romelic avtobiografiuli Seferilobisaa; `ufliswuli da maTxovari~, romelic istoriuli xasiaTisaa, `heklberi finis Tavgadasavli~, romelSic gakritikebulia monoba, rac udides problemas warmoadgenda imdroindeli ameri keli sazogadoebisaTvis. M mark tvenis Semoqmedebis safuZvelia xalxuri iumori. Mman amerikul moTxrobas misca sruliad axali ieri da Seitana masSi satiruli karikatura, komizmi, komi
kuris tragikulTan Serwyma. MmTel mis Semoqmedebas gasdevs Rrma demokratizmi da humanizmi.
1 moswavleTa erT nawils wina klasebSi Seswavlili aqvs nawyvetebi `tom soieris Tavgadasavlidan~: `moxerxebuli tomi~ da `orSabaTi mZime dRea~; nawils ki igi Tavidan bolomdec SeiZleba hqondes wakiTxuli; amdenad, am gmirebis Sesaxeb saubari ar unda gauWirdeT.
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aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi.teqsti saxelmZRvaneloSi or nawilad gaxlavT gayofili da aseve da
muSavdeba. Uumjobesia, teqstis kiTxva gamometyvelebiT daiwyos maswavlebelma da gaagrZe lon moswavleebma. Ggzadagza aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi.
I etapze daismis faqtebze orientirebuli kiTxvebi, romelTa pasuxebi saxelmZRvaneloSivea mocemuli. teqstis gaazrebisaTvis aucilebelia moswavleebs erTxel kidev SevaxsenoT sad da rodis xdeba teqstSi aRwerili moqmedeba, moiZion amis damadasturebeli masala nawarmoebSi: moqmedeba xdeba amerikaSi – amaze metyvelebs personaJTa saxelebi (tomi, heklberi, beki), mimarTvis forma maswavlebelsa da moswavleebs, aseve asakiT Tanatol bavSvebs Soris (isini erTmaneTs mimarTaven TqvenobiT, rac inglisuri enisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli; gansxvavebiT qarTulisagan, sadac Tqven pativiscemis mravlobiTs warmoadgens...); moqmedeba xdeba Zvel droSi; amas adasturebs maSindeli skolis aRwera, sadac gogonebi da biWebi calcalke sxedan, dasjisa da Sefasebis formebi... gairkveva, vin da vin arian teqstis mTavari personaJebi (tomi da beki), aramTavari gmirebi (maswavlebeli, moswavleebi, heklberi fini, romelic ar Cans nawarmoebSi, magram mwerali ise dawvrilebiT aRwers mas, rom sruli warmodgena gveqmneba masze); G axasiaTeben TiToeul gmirs, moiZieben damaxasiaTebel adgilebs teqstidan da adastureben Tavis mosazrebas teqstualurad... erTmaneTs udareben imdroindel amerikul da Tanamedrove qarTul skolebs, msjeloben maT Rirsebanaklovanebebze...
SeiZleba klasSi erTgvari diskusiac ki gaimarTos tomis saqcileTan dakavSirebiT (ra moswonT misi, ra ar moswonT da ratom...), gaagrZelon nawarmoebi sakuTari fantaziiT (Tu, ra Tqma unda, igi jer wakiTxuli ara aqvT).
teqstze muSaobis Semdeg maswavlebelma SeiZleba Caataros erTgvari gamokiTxvac _ gauCndaT Tu ara moswavleebs am wignis wakiTxvis survili da ratom.
Aaqtivoba 3 _teqstis dayofa nawilebad da gegmis Sedgena:Ggegma calcalke Sedgeba TiToeuli monakveTisaTvis.
I monakveTis gegmis savaraudo varianti:
a) toms skolaSi daagvianda/ skolaSi dagvianebab) ratom Tqva tomma simarTle/tomi simarTles ambobsg) vin iyo heklberi fini/heklberi finis vinaobad) didi gamarjveba / sasiamovno sasjeli
II monakveTi:
a) ukmexi mezobeliGb) mxatvari tomi g) Ggacnobad) siyvarulis axsna
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e) kvlav sasjeli v) dakarguli jildo
aqtivoba 4 _gegmis mixedviT mTliani teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema jer TxrobiT, Semdeg misi erT-erTi monakveTisa _ werilobiT (`moswavlis rveu-li~, davaleba #2).
aqtivoba 5 _ martivi aRweriTi teqsti (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #1 _ tomis skola):
am teqstis daweramde moswavleebma aucileblad unda Camoweron gegma, romlis mixedviTac aRweren skolas _ rogorc Senobas, ise imdroindel saswavlo process. Ggegma, savaraudod, aseTi saxisa iqneba:
a) skolis Senoba (erTsarTuliani xis Senoba)b) saklaso oTaxi (fiWvis merxebi, maswavleblis kaTedra)g) reJimi (gakveTilis dawyebisas irekeba zari, dagvianeba dauSvebelia da
isjeba)d) moswavleTa ganlageba saklaso oTaxSi (gogonebi da biWebi calcalke
sxedan)e) maswavlebeli (kaTedraze afofxili Tvlems...) v) sagnebi, romlebsac swavloben moswavleebi (kiTxva, marTlwera, geogra
fia...)z) dasjisa da Sefasebis formebi (Tunuqis medali...)
II. enobriv masalaze dakvirvebaAaqtivoba 1 _ teqstis gamomsaxvelobiT mxareze dakvirveba:nawarmoebi iumoristulia, amas mark tveni aRwevs ara mxolod sasacilo
faqtebisa da movlenebis aRweriT, aramed enobrivi gamosaxvis saSualebebiTac, mag., sityvis xmareba gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT (sityva `lazaTiani~ swored amgvar konteqstSia gamoyenebuli); aseve iumoristul elfers qmnis maswavleblis mimarTva tomisadmi, roca is iyenebs zmnas `mobrZandiT~, romelsac Cveulebriv saubarSi sul sxvagvari datvirTva aqvs: `aba, aq mobrZandiT, dResac daagvianeT, xom?!~
_ ratom iyenebs maswavlebeli tomTan saubrisas `mobrZandiT~ zmnas? ras gamoxatavs igi amiT _ pativiscemas Tu dacinvas? Aaris Tu ara es pativiscemis mravlobiTi? ratom iyenebs mas mwerali aq?
_ Cveulebriv, rodis viyenebT xolme aseT zmnebs: mobrZandiT, dabrZandiT, miirTviT?
_ ras gamoxatavs maswavlebeli, rodesac toms sruli saxeliT mimarTavs? ris Cveneba surs amiT mwerals?
_ Tqven rogor mogmarTavT maswavlebeli _ saxeliT, gvariT Tu sruli saxeliT?
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_ rogor mimarTavs tomi maswavlebels? qarTulSi ra formas viyenebT am dros?
_ qarTulSi rodis viyenebT mimarTvisas `Tqven~ formas? riT gansxvavdeba am mxriv qarTuli ena inglisurisagan? (Tanamedrove inglisurs ar moepoveba II piris nacvalsaxeli `Sen~, amitom II pirTan mimarTvisas yovelTvis gamoiyeneba mravlobiTi ricxvi).
aqtivoba 2 _ dialogze dakvirveba da perifrazi III pirSi:moswavleebi eZeben teqstSi dialogebis nimuSebs, gansazRvraven, vis da vis
Soris mimdinareobs saubari, zmnis romeli piris formebs iyeneben mimarTvisas, romeli piris formebiT saubroben sakuTar Tavze da axdenen maT perifrazs III pirSi. werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #3 (`moswavlis rveuli~: _ maswavlebelma xel meored ikiTxa, Tu vis elaparakeboda tomi. tomma upasuxa, rom cota xans SeCerda hekTan sasaubrod. Mmaswavlebelma Tqva, rom aseTi kadniereba arasodes smenia, aseTi TavxedobisaTvis saxazavic ar kmaroda da toms xalaTi unda gaexada. Mmaswavleblis xeli manamde muSaobda, sanam ar daeRala. wkeplebis konac Semcirda. Semdeg gasca brZaneba, rom tomi gogonebTan damjdariyo).
aqtivoba 3 _ zmnis uRlebasTan dakavSirebuli orTografiuli Cvevebis formireba (`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #4).
aqtivoba 4 _ ricxvSi monacvle zmnebi _ `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #5.
aqtivoba 5 _ zmnasTan dakavSirebuli stiluri Cvevebis formireba:sityvaTganmeoreba winadadebaSi da maTi acilebis gzebi (`moswavlis rveu
li~, davaleba #6).
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revaz inaniSvilis `SuSis namsxvrevi~, zmnizeda, masTan dakavSirebuli marTlweris sakiTxebi
miznebi:
_ mxatvruli teqstis kiTxva da gaazreba_ paralelebis gavleba Seswavlil literaturul nawarmoebebTan da sa
Tanado daskvnebis gakeTeba_ kiTxvis strategiebis daufleba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ leqsikuri maragis gamdidreba_ martivi werilobiTi teqstebis ageba da weris strategiebis daufleba_ zmnizedis Sinaarsobrivi jgufebis gacnoba, maTTan dakavSirebuli mar
Tlweris sakiTxebis daufleba
I. teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba:maswavlebeli klass sadiskusio Temad sTavazobs `mwerali revaz inaniSvi
li~; yofs jgufebad da TiToeul jgufs avalebs, gaixsenos ra icis mweral revaz inaniSvilis Sesaxeb, misi ra nawarmoebebi aqvT wakiTxuli da ra axsovT; ra moswonT (ra ar moswonT) am mwerlis SemoqmedebaSi da ratom...1
Aaqtivoba 2 _ teqstis kiTxva da analizi:teqsti or nawilad aris gayofili, amitom igi calcalke damuSavdeba.teqstis kiTxvas iwyebs maswavlebeli, agrZeleben moswavleebi, SeiZleba
gamoviyenoT e. w. ̀ pauzebiT kiTxvac~ (Tu, ra Tqma unda, klasis didi nawilisaTvis misi Sinaarsi am etapze ucnobia). Ggzadagza kiTxvis procesSi aixsneba gaugebari sityvebi da gamoTqmebi. Ggarda `sityvis salaroSi~ axsnili leqsikuri erTeulebisa, moswavleebisaTvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes sxva sityvebic.
I Tavidan:
garindebuli – gayuCebuli, wynari (aq es sityva gansazRvravs koroms, riTac mwerali xazs usvams bunebaSi gamefebul siwynaresa da simSvides)
sandlebi _msubuqi uquslo sazafxulo Ria fexsacmelibuqni (buqna) _ Cacucqebawamoxtoma cekvis an varjiSis dros saCeCeli _ liToniskbilebiani samkuTxa iaraRi, romliTac CeCen matyls
(`davdgi saCeCeli, vkari buqni da amovxti~, _ literaturuli personaJi imeorebs qarTuli xalxuri zRaprebis cnobil frazas)
1 am mwerlis moTxrobebi uxvad aris warmodgenili saskolo saxelmZRvaneloebSi; savaraudod,
moswavleebs am mwerlis Sesaxeb saubari ar unda gauWirdeT.
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II Tavidan:
balRo _ igivea, rac bavSvo (balRi _ bavSvi)Tavs lafi daesxa _ Sercxva (frazeologizmi)aese _ ai ase...
teqstis TiToeuli monakveTis gagebisaTvis calcalke daismis kiTxvebi. pasuxebis amokiTxva moswavleebs wignidanac SeuZliaT. ASedgeba teqstis gegmac, romelic, savaraudod, aseTi saxis iqneba:
I Tavi: a) wynari dilab) damalobana xis totebzeg) trabaxa daTo /cirasTan saubarid) fSaveli movida! / stumari/ stumars miegebnen
II Tavi:a) Sexvedra fSavelTanb) daTos marcxig) dabneuli mayvlis akrefad) gabrazebuli daTo / daTos fiqrebie) lamazi mogoneba
werilobiT sruldeba davaleba #1.
Qaqtivoba 3 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba:moswavleebi msjeloben TiToeuli gmiris Sesaxeb, axasiaTeben maT teqstis
mixedviT (mag., daTo _ daaxloebiT 910 wlisaa, amis Sesaxeb mwerali migvaniSnebs fexsacmlis zomiT; celqia _ uyvars xeebze Zroma; moswons cira _ swored mas elodeba xis totze damaluli; rogorc yvela biWs, masac gogonaze Zlierad da yoCaRad miaCnia Tavi, cotaTi trabaxaa _ es misi saubridan Cans; amayia _ ver itans patara marcxsac ki, miTumetes gogonas Tvalwin; advilad brazdeba...); aseve avleben paralels Seswavlil literaturul nawarmoebTan _ mark tvenis `skolaSi~, bekisa da tomis urTierTobas adareben daTosa da ciras urTierTobas, ixseneben damoukideblad wakiTxul sxva literaturul nawarmoebsac, sadac aseve maTi Tanatolebis Sesaxeb aris saubari; sakuTari fantaziiT agrZeleben am moTxrobas (davaleba #2).
Aaqtivoba 4 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema:moswavleebi adre Sedgenili gegmis mixedviT gadmoscmen teqstis Sinaarss.
Ggarda faqtebis logikuri TanmimdevrobiT gadmocemisa, yuradReba eqceva erT droSi Txrobas, dialogebis perifrazs, sxvaTa sityvebis nawilakebis marTebulad xmarebas, avtoriseuli leqsikis gamoyenebas...
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aqtivoba 5 _ Temis Sesaxeb Tavisufali wera:(sakuTari TavisaTvis wera _ am dros moswavle ar fiqrobs teqstis struq
turaze, enobriv formebze) _ igi akvirdeba da gaiazrebs teqstSi aRweril ambavs _ urTierTobas daTosa da ciras Soris (am lamaz grZnobas avtori ̀ Rameul udabnoSi CarCenil SuSis namtvrevis~ brwyinvalebas adarebs) da gadmogvcems Tavis naazrevs am sakiTxis Sesaxeb. naweri konfidencialuria, misi gacnobis ufleba maswavlebels mxolod im SemTxvevaSi aqvs, Tu amas Tavad moswavle isurvebs.
II. enobriv masalaze dakvirveba
aqtivoba 1 _ sityvis mravalmniSvnelianoba:`xurjinis Tvali~ _ Sdr. ̀ adamianis Tvali~, ̀ beWdis Tvali,~ ̀ urmis Tvali~;
aq SeiZleba moswavleebi davakvirvoT sxva sityvebzec, romlebic aseve sxvadasxva mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba: ̀ Tavi mtkiva~, ̀ kldis/mTis Tavi~, ̀ wignis Tavi~, ̀ ori Tavi kombosto/xaxvi~, `pirveli Tavi saWmeli~...
aqtivoba 2 _ zmnizedis semantikuri jgufebi, maTi marTlwera:davalebebi #3 da ##4 (am davalebaSi moswavles evaleba moZebnos mcdar
ad dawerili formebi da gaasworos; Secdomebi daSvebulia: arsebiTi saxelis marTl werisas 4 _ klaSi, toma, atama; zedsarTavi saxelis marTlwerisas 2 _ gZeli, Zilismomgreli; zmniswiniani formebis marTlwerisas 1 _ gapara, zmnizedebis marTlwerisas 6 _ wynaraT, gulmodgineT, CumCumaT, frTxilad, iqeT, amjeraT). sul moswavlem unda moZebnos da gaasworos 13 Secdoma.
momdevno masalis (otia ioselianis `Cxubi mdinaresTan~, dagegmvas maswavlebels vandobT. vTavazobT mxolod damatebiT informacias mweral otia ioselianis Sesaxeb:
otia ioseliani (1930 w. wyaltubo, sof gviS tibi), daamTavra ssrk mweralTa kavSirTan arsebuli umaRlesi literaturuli kursebi 1961 wels, moTxrobebs aqveynebs 1954 wlidan, pirveli krebuli `karis mezoblebi~ gamosca 1957 wels. nayofierad muSaobs rogorc novelistikaSi, ise romanul JanrSi, wers piesebsa da kinoscenarebsac. avtoria aTamde piesisa, romlebic wlebis manZilze warmatebiT idgmeboda rogorc qarTul, ise ucxour scenebze (`sanam uremi gadabrundeba~, `adamiani ibadeba erTxel~, `roca siyvaruli mova~, `eqvsi Sinabera da erTi mamakaci~...). yuradRebas amaxvilebs zneobriveTikur problematikaze. intensiurad muSaobs sabavSvi mwerlobis dargSi (`daCis zRaprebi~, `cagamTenia~, `muxlze dawerili moTxrobebi~, `xelisgulistola zRaprebi~...). misi nawarmoebebi Targmnilia mraval enaze.
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guram rCeuliSvilis `siyvaruli Semodgomaze~, srulmniSvnelobiani da damxmare sityvebi
Mmiznebi:
_ mxatvruli teqstis kiTxva da gaazreba_ wakiTxulis Sefaseba_ gabmuli metyvelebis ganviTareba_ literaturuli personaJTan gasaubreba_ literaturuli personaJebis daxasiaTeba_ moTxrobis gagrZelebaze muSaoba_ teqstebis ageba_ kiTxvisa da weris strategiebis daufleba_ saklaso diskusiaSi monawileoba, diskusiis xelovnebis TandaTanobiT
daufleba_ sityvaTa funqciebis gacnoba (srulmniSvnelovani da damxmare sityvebi)
IO. teqstze muSaoba
aqtivoba 1 _ kiTxvisaTvis mzadeba:klasi iyofa jgufebad, sadiskusiod eZlevaT sakiTxi: `moswavle da maswav
lebeli~. unda ganixilon, Tu rogor esmiT damokidebuleba moswavlesa da maswavlebels Soris, ra miaCniaT maT urTierTobaSi misaRebad, miuReblad da ratom. maswavlebeli winaswar aZlevs miTiTebas, rom Tavi Seikavon konkretuli pirebis dasaxelebisagan. Mmoswavleebma TavianT gamosvlaSi SeiZleba CarTon literaturuli masalac (ra waukiTxavT am Temaze). TiToeuli jgufi warmoadgens sakuTar variants, romlebic ganixileba da Sefasdeba moswavleTa mier.
aqtivoba 2 _ teqstis komentirebuli kiTxva da analizi:teqsti emociuri Seferilobisaa, amitom umjobesia Tavidan bolomde igi
maswavlebelma waikiTxos gamometyvelebiT. mxolod amis Semdeg kiTxuloben moTxrobas moswavleebi nawilnawil, xsnian gaugebar sityvebsa da gamoTqmebs da upasuxeben maswavleblis mier dasmul I donis kiTxvebs, romelTa pasuxebic teqstSivea mocemuli da am dros moswavleebs SeeZlebaT teqstis gamoyeneba:
_ weliwadis romeli droa aRwerili am nawarmoebSi? saidan Cans es? (teqstis dasawyisSi avtori aRwers Semodgomis foTlebiT danagvianebul qalaqis quCebs, amis Sesaxeb miniSneba aris saTaurSic).
_ visTan midis cqvito? sad cxovrobs misi maswavlebeli? rogor aris aRwerili misi sacxovrebeli?
_ sadauria cqvitos maswavlebeli? rogor fiqrobT, ra saganSi amecadinebs igi cqvitos? ratom fiqrobT ase? (savaraudo pasuxi – ucxo enaSi, ramdenadac maswavlebeli ucxoelia, igi skolaSi ar muSaobs, Sin aqvs kerZo praqtika).
_ raze swuxs maswavlebeli? ra miaCnia mas erTaderT megobrad? ratom aris
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gayviTlebuli da damWknari palma misTvis ase Zvirfasi?_ ratom ar fiqrobs igi axali palmis yidvaze?_ ratom ar sayvedurobs maswavlebeli Tavis yofil moswavleebs?_ ra pirobas aZlevs mas cqvito? sjera Tu ara misi dapirebisa maswavle
bels?_ ra aris maswavleblis wuxilis mizezi?..
aqtivoba 3 _ teqstis gaazreba da Sefaseba: am mizniT daismis kiTxvebi: _ `bevri moswavle myavda, yovelTvis gviyvarda erTmaneTi, magram yovelT
vis miviwyebdnen xolme... magram maTi brali araa, rom damiviwyes. ra qnan, bevr maTgans axla SviliSvilebic hyavs. Yyvelas Tavisi saqme aqvs~ _ ambobs maswavlebeli Tavisi yofili moswavleebis Sesaxeb. maswavleblis ra Tviseba Cans mis am sityvebSi? A
_ cqvito maswavlebels pirobas aZlevs _ me arasodes dagiviwyebTo. ramdenad damajereblad migaCniaT misi es sityvebi? ratom?
_`Sen ver gaigeb, Cemo biWunav, Sen bevri, bevri axlobeli gyavs~, _ eubneba maswavlebeli cqvitos. rogor fiqrobT, SeuZlia Tu ara cqvitos gaugos martod darCenil maswavlebels?
_`babua da SviliSvili ezoSi midiodnen xelixelCakidebulni. Mmaswavlebeli zemodan gaRimebuli TvalebiT uyurebda maT, mere moixeda da Tvali Tavis gayviTlebul palmas gauswora~,_ maswavleblis ra sulier ganwyobaze migvaniSnebs mwerali am winadadebiT? Tqveni azriT, raze fiqrobs martod darCenili maswavlebeli? ra hgvris mas sixaruls? mwuxarebas? Aaxerxebs Tu ara igi, damalos Tavisi mwuxareba da sxva ar Seawuxos amiT? rogor axerxebs amas?
_ gayviTlebuli palmis naxvis Semdeg cqvitoc danaRvlianda. moZebneT amis damadasturebeli adgili teqstSi da ecadeT axsnaT, ra iyo cqvitos mowyenis mizezi.
_ cqvitos msgavsad Tqvenc Tu SegiqmnaT maswavleblis monayolma sevdiani ganwyoba? ras SecvlidiT am moTxrobaSi?
_ mweralma am moTxrobas `siyvaruli Semodgomaze~ uwoda. romel siyvarulzea, Tqveni azriT, aq saubari?
_ Tqveni azriT, Tu SeiZleba hqondes am teqsts gagrZeleba? Tu gsurT, gaagrZeleT.
_ maswavleblis ra Tvisebebi Cans teqstSi? daaxasiaTeT maswavlebeli am teqstis mixedviT.
aqtivoba 4 _ teqstis Sinaarsis gadmocema.
Aaqtivoba 5 _ literaturul gmirTan gasaubreba.(`moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #2).
Aaqtivoba 6. martivi miznobrivi teqstebis ageba.(`moswavlis rveuli~, davalebebi #3 da #4).
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II. enobriv masalaze dakvirveba
srulmniSvnelobiani da damxmare sityvebi. `moswavlis rveuli~, davaleba #5.
momdevno masalis _ muxran maWavarianis `viTarca mtkvari~ _ dagegmvas maswavlebels vandobT.
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zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebi
saqarTveloSi zogadi ganaTlebis sistema miznad isaxavs Seqmnas xelsayreli pirobebi erovnuli da zogadsakacobrio Rirebulebebis matarebeli, Tavisufali pirovnebis CamoyalibebisaTvis.
amasTan erTad ganaTlebis sistema uviTarebs mozards gonebriv da fizikur unarCvevebs, aZlevs saWiro codnas, amkvidrebs jansaRi cxovrebis wess, moswavleebs uyalibebs liberalur da demokratiul Rirebulebebze damyarebul samoqalaqo cnobierebas da exmareba maT ojaxis, sazogadoebisa da saxelwmifos winaSe sakuTari uflebamovaleobebis gacnobierebaSi.
saqarTvelos zogadi ganaTlebis sistemaSi miRebuli gamocdilebis safuZvelze mozardma unda SeZlos:
a) qveynis interesebis, tradiciebisa da Rirebulebebis mimarT sakuTari pasuxismgeblobis gaazreba:
saskolo ganaTlebam unda ganuviTaros mozards unari, rom sworad gansazRvros sakuTari qveynis saxelmwifoebrivi, kulturuli, ekonomikuri da politikuri interesebi da misces mas sasikeTo gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisa da aqtiuri moqmedebis SesaZlebloba;
b) bunebrivi garemo pirobebis SenarCuneba da dacva:mozardma unda icodes, ra bunebriv garemoSi cxovrobs, ra ziani SeiZleba mi
ayenos garemos adamianis ama Tu im moqmedebam, rogor SeinarCunos da daicvas bunebrivi garemo;
g) teqnologiuri Tu sxva inteleqtualuri miRwevebis efeqtianad gamoyeneba; informaciis mopoveba, damuSaveba da analizi:
dRes, rodesac adamianisaTvis misawvdomia didi moculobisa da sxvadasxva Sinaarsis informacia, misi efeqtianad gamoyenebis unari sasicocxlo mniSvnelobas iZens. mozards unda SeeZlos ara mxolod informaciis mopoveba, aramed misi Sefasebac Sinaarsis, daniSnulebisa da xarisxis mixedviT, dasaxuli miznebisaTvis misi gamoyenebis formebis gansazRvra; teqnologiuri miRwevebis efeqtiani gamoyeneba yoveldRiuri cxovrebis, muSaobis, inteleqtualuri Tu sulieri moRvaweobis pirobebis gasaumjobeseblad;
d) damoukideblad cxovreba, gadawyvetilebis miReba:saskolo ganaTlebam unda ganuviTaros mozards pirad, ojaxur da sazoga
doebriv cxovrebaSi damoukidebel gadawyvetilebaTa miRebis unarCvevebi;e) iyos Semoqmedi, Tavad Seqmnas Rirebulebebi da ar icxovros mxo lod arse
bulis xarjze:saskolo ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos mozardis im unarCvevebis ganvi
Tareba, romlebic miscems mas saSualebas, ukve arsebuli gamocdileba da miRwevebi gamoiyenos axali materialuri, inteleqtualuri Tu sulieri Rirebulebebis Sesaqmnelad;
v) sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da interesebis uwyveti ganviTareba mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi da maTi maqsimaluri realizeba rogorc qveynis SigniT, ise mis sazRvrebs gareTac;
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saskolo ganaTlebam unda Camouyalibos mozards uwyveti ganviTarebis, mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi axali codnisa da Cvevebis damoukideblad SeZenis unari, raTa SeZlos sakuTari SesaZleblobebisa da sulieri midrekilebebis adekvaturad gansazRvra da amis mixedviT sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi sakuTari adgilis damkvidreba; mozardi mzad unda iyos arCevani gaakeTos momavali ganaTlebisa da SromiTi saqmianobisaTvis.
z) komunikacia individebTan da jgufebTan:saskolo ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos, rom sazogadoebis momaval wevrebs
ganuviTaros zogadi sakomunikacio unarCvevebi (wera, kiTxva, metyveleba, mosmena), saorganizacio da jgufuri muSaobis Cvevebi, maT Soris imaT, visTvisac saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ena mSobliuri ar aris;
T) iyos kanonmorCili, toleranti moqalaqe:dRevandel dinamiur, eTnikurad da kulturulad mravalferovan samyaroSi
sazogadoebis funqcionirebisaTvis gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens urTierTpativiscemis, urTierTgagebisa da urTierTSemecnebis Cvevebi. skolam unda gamoumuSaos mozards adamianis uflebebis dacvisa da pirovnebis pativiscemis unari, romelsac igi gamoiyenebs sakuTari da sxvisi TviTmyofadobis SesanarCuneblad. mozards unda SeeZlos adamianis arsebiTi uflebebis Sesaxeb miRebuli Teoriuli codnis ganxorcieleba da am principebiT cxovreba.
2004 wlis 18 oqtomberi