quy trình sản xuất phân compost

8/10/2019 quy trnh sn xut Phn Compost

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TRNG I HC S PHMKHOA SINHMI TRNG

BO CO

KIM SOT MI TRNGNNG NGHIP

NHM 5L Th Dim KiuDng Hoi Nam

Nguyn Th Vn NgaPhm Th Thy Ng

L Th Hng Thy


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SN XUT COMPOST T

CHT THI NNG NGHIP


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CC YU T NH HNG N PHN


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Compost: l s chuyn i sinh hc ca cht thihu c thnh mn

NH NGHA BN CHT PHN COMPOST


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MC TIU CA PHN COMPOST

Bin i cc cht thi hu c thnh 1 snphm sinhhcnnhv gimlngchtthitrong nng nghip.

Tiu dit mmbnh, trng cn trng, cc sinh vt

khng mong mun.

Gilitiachtdinh dng( m, ln, kali)

Sn xut snphm s dng lm thuc tng trngcho thcvtv citot.


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Cc loi rc thi trong nng nghip

Sn xut cy trng

Chn nui gia sc Nui trng thy sn

S ch nng sn


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QUY TRNH SN XUT PHN COMPOST

QUY TRNH TI H GIA NH


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Bc 1: Lm thng rc hu c v chn v tr t thng

Chn loi thng bng nha,hnh trn, dung tch 160lt

Vch thng c khoan nhiulnhcch nhau 10 cm -15 cm.

Hai bn thnh thng gn mpy thng c khoan 2 cavung khong2 - 3 tcvung

Chn v tr t thng: Cch xangun nc sinh hot, lm bbnggch,bxi mng,tchunhathu ncrtrc.


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Bc 2: Phn loi rc v b rc hu c vo thng


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Bc 3: Qu trnh rc thnh phn compost


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Kimtra m

Nubp thyncrra ngoi ktay l thanc,cnbsung thm l ckh, rmriuchnhm.

Nubp thyrc dnh chtth mtyu cu.

Nu bp thy rc khng dnh cht (bi ri) thkhng nc,cnbsung thm nc(va).


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o trn v kim tra nhit

Sau 10 ngy ophn trnutrongthng mtln

Sau 2-3 thng, rc sphn hythnh

phn compost

Kim tra nhit bng cch dngmt cnh ti cm vo gia khi

phn . Sau 5 hoc 6 ngy rt cnhcy ra khingphn v svophncmtrong khiphn ,nuthycnhcy nng mnhl tyu cu.


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Khi rc c mi hi, ruinhng

Ri mt lp t mng khhocrmr,l ckh

Hocdng trobprilnb

mtnggimmi hiv rui, sau tip tcbsung thm rc

Khng nn b sung thmncvo thng rc.


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Lyphn compost ra ngoi

Sau 2-3 thng th lpphn bndi y thng s phn hytrc. Ta ly phn ra t 2 ca

bn di.

Phn ti xp, ht mn, khngc mi hi thi, ng mu nuen (c im ca phn

compost) lyra cabn dibn cho rau mu, cy king.


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QUY TRNH SN XUT COMPOSTTRONG CNG NGHIP


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CC H THNG SN XUT PHN COMPOST


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H thng khng l phn ng

Sn xut compost dng nh lung

Dnglung c 3 titdingiao nhau, chiudi lnhnchiucao. Chiurnggp2 lnchiucao. Thng thng chiucao

l tngl 2,1-2,4mvichiurngt 4,2-4,8m.

Kch thcca lung s cho php gi nhit sinh ra trongqu trnh v cng cho php khng kh lan truyn vo cc

phnsu calung.


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Dng lung kiu tnh

Dnglungkiutnhthikh tnhin

Khng xo trnlung compost

Phngphp lm thikh l tnhin

uimDthchin, kinh ph thpPh hpvinhngncangpht trin

NhcimChtlngcompost km, khng uThigian lu

Nngsutthp


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Dng lung kiu tnh thi kh cng bc


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uim

Dkimsot khi vnhnh hthng, cbitl kimsot

nhitv nngoxi trong lung

Gimmi hi v mmbnh

Thigian ngn(3-6 tun)

Nhcim

Hthngcung cpkh c thtcnghn, do cnphitu savbotr thngxuyn

Chi phbotr hthngv nnglngthikh lm cho chi ph

caphngphp ny cao hnthikh tnhin


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Dng lung kiu c o trn


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uim

Do xo trnthngxuyn nn compost thu ckh u

Vnutv chi ph vnhnh thpv khng cnhthng

cung cpkh.

Nhcim

Thigian di (khong3-6 thng)

Do sdngthikh tnhin nn kh qunl, kh kimsot

nhitv mmbnh

Xo trnlungcompost thnggy thtthot nitv gy mi

Qu trnh c thbphthucvo thitit


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H thng l phn ng


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Mctiu tinhnh snxutcompost trong l

Tngtcqu trnh compost thng qua vicduytr nhngiukin ttnhtcho vi sinh vthot

ng.

Gim thiu hoc loib nhng tc ng c hiln mi trngxung quanh


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uim

t chustc ngcathitit Kimsot qu trnh v mi hi tthn

Thigian ngn

Sdngdintch tt nhttrong ccphngphp Chtlngcompost tt

Nhcim

Vnutv chi ph vnhnh cao.

Thitkphctpv cntrnh cao.


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CC YU T NH HNG N PHN COMPOST

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50-55oC cho nhng ngy u.55-60oC cho nhng ngy cn li.Nhit qu 65oC s lm gimng k cc hot ng sinh hc

55650C

Q

u trnhch binphn vnhiu quv mm

bnh btiu dit

Phn hu c khngt tiu chun v

mm bnh

c ch hot ngca vi sinh vt


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25-75mm

Ngc li, vt liu c kch thc qu ln s c xp cao v to ra

cc rnh kh lm cho sphn b kh khng u, khng c li choqu trnh ch bin phn hu c.

Tuy nhin, nu kch thc vt liu qu nh v cht lm hn ch slu thng khtrong ng , iu ny s lm gim oxy cn thit chocc vi sinh vt trong ng v gim mc hot tnh ca vi sinhvt.

xp ti u s thay i tu


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xp ti u s thay i tutheo loi vt liu ch bin phn.Thng thng, xp cho qu

trnh ch bin din ra tt khong

3560%, ti u l 32 36%.

Kh kh hi


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Khng kh phic tip xc vitt c c vt liu


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Kch thc v hnh dng ca cc ng c nh hng n s

kim sot nhit v m cng nh kh nng cung cp oxy


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25/1 hoc 50/1 (ti u l 25/1).

Khong 20% - 40%C ca cht thi hu c (trong cht thi np liu)cn thit cho qu trnh ng ho thnh t bo mi, phn cn li

chuyn ho thnh CO2. Cacboncung cp nng lng v sinh khi cbn to ra khong 50% khi lng t bo vi sinh vt.Nitl thnhphn ch yu caprotein, acid nucleic, acid amin, enzyme, co-enzyme cn thit cho s pht trin v hot ng ca t bo.

C rt nhiu nguyn t nh hng n qu trnh phn hy do vi sinhvt: trong cacbon v nit l cn thit nht, t l C/N l thng s dinhdng quan trng nht; Photpho (P) l nguyn t quan trng k tip;Lu hunh (S), canxi (Ca) v cc nguyn t vi lng khc cng ngvai tr quan trng trong trao i cht ca t bo.


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Oxy cngl mttrong nhngthnhphncnthitcho qu trnh phn rc. Khi vi sinh vtoxy ha carbon tonng lng, oxy scsdngv kh CO2csinh ra. Khi khng c oxy th strthnh qu trnh ymkh v tora mi hi nhmi trngg thicakh H2S.

Cc vi sinh vthiukh c thsngcnngoxybng5%.Nngoxy lnhn10% ccoi l tiucho qu trnh phn

rc hiukh.

Cung cp photpho kali


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Cung cp photpho, kaliv cc chtv ckhc nhCa, Fe, Bo, Cu,... l cnthitcho schuynha ca

vi sinh vt.Vtliu N(%) C/NTri cy hhng 1,52 34,8

Phn b 1,7 18Phn heo 3,75 20

Phn gia cm 6,3 15Rmynmch 1,05 48

Mn ca 0,1 200-500Rm la m 0,3 128

Gthng 0,07 732Hnhpgiy 0,25 173

C 2,15 20,1L ti 0,5-1 40-80Lcbnh 1,96 20,9


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7-7,5 l ti u cho s phn hy hiukh. pH


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Chbinphn hucl mtqu trnhphctpbao gmnhiuloivisinh vtkhc nhau. V sinh vt trong qu trnh chbinphn huc

bao gm: actinomycetes v vi khun (Vi khunaxit lactic, Vi khunquang hp,Bacillus Natto, Men, Xkhun,Cladosporium). Nhngloivi sinh vtny c sntrong chthuc,c thbsung thm vi sinh vttcc ngunkhc

gip qu trnh phn hyxyra nhanh v hiuquhn.


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Vn tc phn hy dao ng tu theo thnh phn, kch thc, tnh

chtcachthuc. Chthucho tan th dphn hyhncht

huckhng ho tan. Lignin v ligno cellulosics l nhngcht

phn hyrtchm


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thi gian

Thnh phn ca cc cht dinh dng v cht hu c a dng

T l C / N hp l :25 - 30

pH trung tnh hoc kim: 6 - 8

Thnh phn ca kim loi nng v cc cht nhim hu cthp

CHT LNG PHN COMPOST


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Khng c thnh phn gy tr ngi cho tng trng thc vt

Hu ht l phi loi b cc tp cht

Hu ht l loi b ht germinatable v cc b phn thc vtsng

Thnh phn thp

Mi c trng

Mu nu sm n en


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TNH HNH P DNG SN XUTCOMPOST TI VIT NAM

U phn compost, tix ngPh(ChngM)

U phn compost huynTnh Linh(Bnh Thun)


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Nh my phn hu c Cu Dim, Vit Tr, Ph Th

Nh my x l rc Nam nh Nh my phn rc Bun M Thut, c Lc

Nh my x l rc thi- ch bin phn hu c vi sinh Nam Thnh,

Ninh Thun

Nh my phn bn Hc Mn, thnh ph H Ch Minh

Nh my x l cht thi Tn Thnh, B Ra-Vng Tu

Nh my sn xut phn compost Plus, Long An

Khu lin hp X l cht thi rn Nam Bnh Dng, tnh Bnh Dng.


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Khu lin hp X l cht thi rn NamBnh Dng, tnh Bnh Dng

Nh my X l rc thi TP C Mau


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Sn xut phn compost Hi An


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Rc d phn hy chun b vo hm ti nh my SX phn Compost

TP. Hi An

Xe chuyn dng ca cng tyCTCC thu gom rc thi

Nh my sn xut phnCompost


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Phn compost c chn sau75 ngy ti gc vn ca h gia

nh lng rau Tr Qu

Hc rc ca h gia nh tiCm Nam

Sn xut compost quy m h gia nh


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TI LIU THAM KHO

1. n To ra snphm compost cht lng cao tph thi nngnghip_ inhTnHi2. Kim sot mi trng nng nghipNguyn Khc Liu, i hc

Hu3. Lun vn nghin cu sn xut phn compost t cht hu c trong

chtthirnsinh hottitp HCh Minh.4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHY5. http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/6. Ti liuhng dn tphun truynthng mi trngcngng

tiTP. HiAn_Phng TNMT TP. HiAn
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://clip.vn/watch/San-xuat-phan-bon-cho-cay-trong,WMIH/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n1lJK6SPiHY


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quy trình sản xuất phân compost

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