Reading comprehension

Linyan NO.2 Senior School

Yin hongwei

1. 1. 细节理解细节理解

2. 2. 猜测词义猜测词义

3. 3. 推理判断推理判断

4.4. 主旨大意主旨大意

5. 5. 观点态度观点态度

6. 6. 篇章结构篇章结构

题题型型及及解解题题技技巧巧

本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节某一特定细节或文章的或文章的主要事实主要事实的理解能的理解能力。问题包括询问人力。问题包括询问人 ((who)who) 、、物物 ((what)what) 、、时间时间 ((when)when) 、、地点地点 ((where)where) 、、原因原因 ((cause)cause) 、、结果结果 ((effect)effect) 、、文中的数据文中的数据 ((data)data) 等。新闻、等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。说明文、广告信息等常常考查这些细节。常见问题形式有：Which of the following is true/false except…? Which of the following is mentioned except…

三正一误三正一误 三误一正三误一正

1.1.According to the passage, who/ what/ According to the passage, who/ what/ 　　 which/ when/ Where / why / how/ how which/ when/ Where / why / how/ how many/how much/ how long/ How soon/ many/how much/ how long/ How soon/ how often, etc. ?how often, etc. ?2. According to the passage, which of the 2. According to the passage, which of the following is true/ not true?following is true/ not true?3. According to the passage, Which of the 3. According to the passage, Which of the following Is not mentioned ?following Is not mentioned ?4. All of the following are true EXCEPT ___.4. All of the following are true EXCEPT ___.5. In the passage the writer states that ____.5. In the passage the writer states that ____.6. Choose the best order in which the people 6. Choose the best order in which the people do________.do________.

2. 2. 定义；　定义；　 3. 3. 比较；　４比较；　４ . . 年代与数字年代与数字5. 5. 原因和结果原因和结果

此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到间接找到 ,, 但不一定与阅读材料一模一样。 但不一定与阅读材料一模一样。

Sample ISample I

Hoover Dam lies ______.Hoover Dam lies ______. A. between Arizona and NevadaA. between Arizona and Nevada 　 　　　　 　　　 B. in the Black CanyonB. in the Black Canyon C. between New York and San FranciscoC. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and BD. both A and B

细节比较细节比较

This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It isThis huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It ispossible to drive a car from one side of thepossible to drive a car from one side of theriver to the other on a roadriver to the other on a road 　，　， which is on which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. … …there is an elevator inside. … …　　 This huge dam was called Boulder Dam This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936. Later it was when it was finished in 1936. Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dampresident of the United States. Hoover Dam ，，one of the highest dams in the worldone of the highest dams in the world ，， is is situated between the states of Arizona andsituated between the states of Arizona andNevada.Nevada.

2. 2. 定义；　定义；　 3. 3. 比较；　４比较；　４ . . 年代与数字年代与数字5. 5. 原因和结果原因和结果

此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到间接找到 ,, 但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。 但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。

Hoover Dam lies ______.Hoover Dam lies ______. A. between Arizona and NevadaA. between Arizona and Nevada 　 　　　　 　　　 B. in the Black CanyonB. in the Black Canyon C. between New York and San FranciscoC. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and BD. both A and B

Sample ISample I

Sample IISample II

Which of the following is NOT true?Which of the following is NOT true?　　 A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.　　 B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.her parents.　　 C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.in 1991.　　 D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.become Miss Asia.

正误正误

Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991 …，…，　　 Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years oldwhen she was only six years old 　，　， Luo Lin Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. Howeverseven years. However ，， it still took her three it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.

Sample IISample II

Which of the following is NOT true?Which of the following is NOT true?　　 A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.　　 B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.her parents.　　 C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.in 1991.　　 D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.become Miss Asia.

movedmoved

According to scientists ,the DIRECT causeAccording to scientists ,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is of more and fiercer storms is . .

AA ．． greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gas emissions （散发）（散发） in industrialized nationsin industrialized nationsBB ．． higher surface water temperatures higher surface water temperatures of the seaof the seaCC ．． continuous global warmingcontinuous global warmingDD ．． rising sea levelsrising sea levels

Sample IIISample III 原因原因

… … reported to the Earth Policy Institute reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusaually that the nation suffered an unusaually high number of fierce storms in the past high number of fierce storms in the past ten years . Many scientists connect higher ten years . Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more global warming to greater and more damaging storms.damaging storms.

connectconnect

toto

According to scientists ,the DIRECT causeAccording to scientists ,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is of more and fiercer storms is . .

AA ．． greenhouse gas emissions greenhouse gas emissions 散发散发 in industrialized nationsin industrialized nationsBB ．． higher surface water temperatures higher surface water temperatures of the seaof the seaCC ．． continuous global warmingcontinuous global warmingDD ．． rising sea levelsrising sea levels

Sample IIISample III

You have to pay at least ______ a year if You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.you study at the University of Waikato.

A. $5,250 B. $8,000 A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000C. $9,000 D. $11,000

Sample IVSample IV 数字计算数字计算

Tuition Fees (Tuition Fees ( 学费学费 ))Tuition fees are different from department Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: tui $6,000 a year. For further information: tui @ waikato@ waikato ．． acac ．． nz. nz. Accommodation (Accommodation ( 住宿住宿 ))You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, You can have a room in a 4-bedroom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further month for one person. For further information: acc@ waikatoinformation: acc@ waikato ．． acac ．． nznz

$5000($5000( 学费学费 )+$100()+$100( 住宿费住宿费 ))x12(months)x12(months)+$150(+$150( 生活费生活费 ))x12=$8000x12=$8000 ．．

You have to pay at least ______ a year if You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.you study at the University of Waikato.

A. $5,250 B. $8,000 A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000C. $9,000 D. $11,000

Sample IVSample IV

Question FormQuestion FormQuestion FormQuestion Form

(1) (1) The word “…” in Line … means/can The word “…” in Line … means/can be best replaced by …be best replaced by …(2) As used in the passage, the phrase (2) As used in the passage, the phrase “…” “…” suggests…suggests…(3) From the passage, we can infer that (3) From the passage, we can infer that the word/phrase “…” is/refers to …the word/phrase “…” is/refers to …(4) The word “…” is closest in meaning (4) The word “…” is closest in meaning to …to …

根据解释确定词义技巧 1技巧 1

1. 1. Social mobilitySocial mobility is the movement from is the movement from one class or level of living to another.one class or level of living to another.

2. The other questioned the 2. The other questioned the veracityveracity----– the – the truthfulness of these reports.truthfulness of these reports.

社会流动性社会流动性

真实性真实性

根据对比确定词义根据对比确定词义技巧 2技巧 2

In the past the world seemed to run in an In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of seems to be in a state of turmoilturmoil. .

一片混乱 一片混乱

根据逻辑确定词义根据逻辑确定词义技巧 3技巧 3

If you are capable of working twelve hours a If you are capable of working twelve hours a day without a rest, and if you can engage in day without a rest, and if you can engage in physical exercise for hours without seeming physical exercise for hours without seeming to get tired, then you are to get tired, then you are indefatigable.indefatigable.

不知疲倦的不知疲倦的

根据上下文情景确定词义根据上下文情景确定词义技巧 4技巧 4

The underlined phrase “mopping up” in theThe underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means___.second paragraph means___. A cleaning up B taking in A cleaning up B taking in C wiping out D giving outC wiping out D giving out

Rainforests like the Amazon are important Rainforests like the Amazon are important for for mopping upmopping up CO CO22 from the atmosphere from the atmosphere

and helping to slow global warming. and helping to slow global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of COaround 500 million tons of CO22 each year: each year:

equal to the total amount of COequal to the total amount of CO22 giving off giving off

in the UK each year.in the UK each year.

根据上下文情景确定词义根据上下文情景确定词义技巧 4技巧 4

The underlined phrase “mopping up” in theThe underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means___.second paragraph means___. A cleaning up B taking in A cleaning up B taking in C wiping out D giving outC wiping out D giving out

Try to do the following exercises:Try to do the following exercises:根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义

1. 1. The The offspringoffspring of a pair of birds leave the of a pair of birds leave the nest when they are big enough to flynest when they are big enough to fly ．． AA ．． children Bchildren B ．． ancestors ancestors CC ．． generations Dgenerations D ．． matesmates2. There is a 2. There is a stackstack of papers on Mr. Green’s of papers on Mr. Green’s deskdesk ．． AA ．． piece Bpiece B ．． balance balance CC ．． mixture Dmixture D ．． pilepile

3. 3. Before a baby learns to walk, it has to Before a baby learns to walk, it has to crawlcrawl on the floor on the floor ．． AA ．． walk on two feet Bwalk on two feet B ．． flyfly CC ．． sit in a chair sit in a chair DD ．． move on the hands and kneesmove on the hands and knees4. Mr. Brown is an 4. Mr. Brown is an amateuramateur photographerphotographer ．． He is an engineerHe is an engineer ．． But But in in his free time he likes to take pictureshis free time he likes to take pictures ．． A. as a hobby BA. as a hobby B ．． for money for money CC ．． as a job Das a job D ．． as workas work

5. 5. The The kiwikiwi lays the largest eggs in the lays the largest eggs in the world. world. The strange thing about the kiwi is that it The strange thing about the kiwi is that it cannot flycannot fly ．． A· a kind of fish BA· a kind of fish B ．． a kind of cat a kind of cat C. a kind of rock DC. a kind of rock D ．． a kind of birda kind of bird6. Some Africans 6. Some Africans carvecarve beautiful human beautiful human and animal figures out of woodand animal figures out of wood ．． They They sell their carvings to stores and sell their carvings to stores and museumsmuseums ．． AA ．． draw Bdraw B ．． beat Cbeat C ．． heat Dheat D ．． cutcut

7. 7. Chicken poxChicken pox can be very serious for a can be very serious for a child who is not in good healthchild who is not in good health ．． The The child develops red spotschild develops red spots ，， and feels hot and feels hot and uncomfortableand uncomfortable ．． A healthy child A healthy child gets gets well quicklywell quickly ．． AA ．． a kind of animal Ba kind of animal B ．． a kind of a kind of foodfood CC ．． a kind of childhood disease a kind of childhood disease DD ．． a lack of pure watera lack of pure water

8. 8. Ali showed the class a picture of him, his Ali showed the class a picture of him, his wifewife ，， and their babyand their baby ．． Pierre's family has Pierre's family has lived in the east of Canada for two hundred lived in the east of Canada for two hundred yearsyears ．． Their Their ancestors ancestors came from came from FranceFrance 　　　　．　　　　． A. family members from a long time agoA. family members from a long time ago B. grandparents and their grandchildrenB. grandparents and their grandchildren C. parents, grandparents and great-C. parents, grandparents and great- grandparentsgrandparents DD ．． family members all living at the family members all living at the same same timetime

SummarySummary

1.1. 正误 正误 2. 2. 定义；　定义；　 3. 3. 比较；４比较；４ . . 年代与数字 年代与数字 5. 5. 原因和结果原因和结果

1.1. 解释 解释 2.2. 对比 对比 3.3. 逻逻辑 辑 4. 4. 上下文上下文