Regents Biology

2006-2007 Regents Biology

Carbohydrates:

OH

OH

H

H

HO

CH2OH

HH

H

OH

O

_________________

Regents Biology

Carbohydrates

Building block molecules =

sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugarsugar

sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar

____________

Regents Biology

sucrose

Carbohydrates Function:

________________ ________________ ________________

cell wall in plants

Examples ________________ ________________ ________________

glucoseC6H12O6

starch

Regents Biology

Sugars = building blocks Names for sugars usually end in

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ OH

OH

H

H

HO

CH2OH

HH

H

OH

O

glucoseC6H12O6

sucrose

fructose

maltose

________

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Building carbohydrates Synthesis

|glucose

|glucose

1 sugar = monosaccharide

2 sugars = disaccharide

|maltose

mono = onesaccharide = sugar

di = two

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Building carbohydrates Synthesis

|fructose

|glucose

1 sugar = monosaccharides

|sucrose

(table sugar)

2 sugars = disaccharide

How sweetit is!

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BIG carbohydrates __________________________

__________________________ _________________

energy storage in plants ________________

_________________ energy storage in animals

________________ _________________

structure in plants ________________

_________________ structure in arthropods & fungi

________________

poly = many

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Building BIG carbohydratesglucose + glucose + glucose… =

__________(plant)

__________(animal)

energystorage

_______________

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Digesting starch vs. cellulose

starcheasy todigest

starcheasy todigest

cellulosehard todigest

cellulosehard todigest

enzyme

enzyme

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Cellulose Cell walls in plants

___________________________________ most ______________________________

that’s why they __________________ to get their energy & nutrients

__________________ stays undigested keeps material

moving in your intestines

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Different Diets of Herbivores Cow

___________ cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars

Gorilla___________ cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet

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Helpful bacteria How can cows digest cellulose?

bacteria live in their stomachs & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals

Eeeew…Chewing

cud?

2006-2007 Regents Biology

Let’s build some

Carbohydrates!