regulation of gene expression
DESCRIPTION
第十三章. 基因表达调控. Regulation of Gene Expression. 第一节 基因表达调控的基本概念 第二节 基因表达调控的基本原理 第三节 原核生物基因表达调节 第四节 真核生物基因表达调节. 第一节 基因表达调控的基本概念. Basic Conceptions of Gene Expression Regulation. 一、基因表达的概念. * 基因( gene ): 是编码一定功能产物的 DNA 序列 。这种功能产物主要是 蛋白质和 RNA 。 基因组 (genome) : 一个细胞或病毒所携带的全部遗传信息或整套基因。. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Regulation of Gene Expression
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Basic Conceptions of Gene Expression Regulation
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* geneDNARNA (genome) rRNAtRNA* (gene expression)
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(cell or tissue specificity)(spatial specificity)
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(housekeeping gene)(constitutive gene expression)
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(induction) (repression)
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(coordinate expression)(coordinate regulation)
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Basic Principles of Gene Expression Regulation
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DNADNARNA/
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(operon)
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(consensus sequence) RNA
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2 (repressor)RNARNADNA
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-7+28RNA-35+20RNADNA
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3) (activator)DNARNARNARNA
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TATACAATRNA
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2) (trans-acting factor)
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DNADNA-(dimer)(polymer)
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RNA /RNA RNA RNADNA--RNA
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Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryote
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1. RNA2. 3. 4. mRNA----SD5. (1) (2)
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1961MonodJacob(lactose operonWatsonCrickDNA1965Jacob and Monod
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23 1- 2- 3-
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structural geneoperator,Opromoter,P(operon) regulator gene
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RNA
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(lac operon) CAPCAP(catabolite gene activator portein, CAP)
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IPTG(--D-, isopropylthiogalactoside)IPTGIPTG
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cAMP-CAPcatabolite gene activator portein) CAPCAP cAMPCAPCAPRNA50 cAMPcAMPCAPlaccatabolic repression
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The base sequence of the lac promoter deviates considerably from the consensus sequence of strong promoters, thus being a relatively weak promoter; cAMP-CAP complex is required for optimal expression of the lac operon.
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CAP-cAMP binds to a palindromic site near the promoter using two helix-turn-helix motifs and causes DNA bending.Mechanism of allosteric control of CAP. Schematic models of CAP in the 3 structurally characterized states: apo-CAP , CAP-cAMP2, and CAP-cAMP2-DNA . PNAS April 28, 2009 vol. 106 no. 17 69276932Flash
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CAPCAP-cAMPcAMPcAMPCAPlac
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cAMPcAMPCAP
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/ lacCAP1CAP2CAP
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cAMP cAMPFlash
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RhoRho GCT
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mRNAmRNA(autogenous control)
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RNA (antisense RNAmRNARNARNAmRNARNAmRNA30SSD(antisense control)
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Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryote
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DNA
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(monocistron) mRNA
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RNARNARNA pol III IIIRNA
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DNADNA:
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DNADNA DNA5%DNA
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LysH2AH2BH3H4 DNA
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DNA 1.DNARNA
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(enhancer)DNA (silencer)
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DNA(general transcription factors) RNATATA box TFDGC boxSP1 OCT-2Ig
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DNA(DNA-binding domain)--(helix-turn-helix)(zinc finger motif)- (leucine zipper)
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--(helix-loop-helix, HLH)CAAT
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(zinc finger)
12aaC CysH HisGC
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SP1 GC 3
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-(basic zipper,bzip) 2030DNA Lue, L
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mRNARNA13-9 Flash
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hnRNAmRNA (ribonucleoprotein, RNP)
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eukaryotic initiation factor, eIF
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RNA
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RNA RNA (small interfering RNA, siRNA)RNA(double-stranded RNAdsRNA)(21-23)RNAsiRNARISC (RNA-induced silencing complex)mRNAmRNApost-transcriptional gene silencing,PTGS)siRNARNA(RNA interferenceRNAi)
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RNAi Dicer
RISC
Dicer: RNasesiRNA: small interfering RNA 21~23ntRISCRNA(RNA-induced silencing complex)siRNAATPdsRNAmRNA
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RNA (RNAi)RNAi20012002RNAiScience2006(Andrew Fire) (Craig Mello)RNA2006
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EPO5522RNA RNAi
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*DNA*DNA*DNA
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siRNA, RNAiDNA---