South Ko-rea

Republic of Korea

• A member of the United Nations, WTO, OECD and G-20 Major Economies

• A founding member of APEC and the East Asia Summit

• Asia’s 4th largest economy and the world’s 15th (nominal) or 12th (purchasing

power parity) largest economy

Tae Han Min Guk

•Capital: Seoul

•Total Population: 48,875,000 (2010)

• Total Area: 100,210km2 (109th)

38,691 sq mi

• Currency: South Korean Won (￦ )

History TimelineGoJoSeon(2333 B.C.?)

Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea-Buyeo-Okjeo-Dongye-Samhan

Three Kingdoms of Korea-Goguryeo-Baekje-Silla

Unified Silla & Balhae

Goryeo-The peninsula was united byEmperor Taejo of Goryeo in 936

Joseon-General Yi-Seong-Gye rebelled in 1388

Tae Han Jae Guk Tae Han Min Guk(Republic of Korea)

• King Tae-jo moved the capital to Seoul.• The first 200 years of Joseon was relatively

peaceful.• King Se-jong the Great published the creating

of Hangul on October 9th, 1446

- Korean are still celebrating the day.

- UNESCO King Sejong Literary Prize: was created in 1989. It honors the outstanding contri-bution made to literacy over 500 years ago. It rewards the activities of governments or NGOs displaying merit and achieving particularly effective results in lit-eracy.

Jo-Seon

Jo-Seon

• Between 1592 and 1598, The Japanese in-vaded Korea

- was eventually repelled

• In the 1620s, Joseon suffered from invasions by the Manchu.

• After series of wars against Manchuria, Joseon experienced a nearly 200-year period of peace

• King Yeongjo and King Jeongjo partucularly led a new renaissance of the Joseon.

Jo-Seon• The latter years of the Joseon were marked

by a dependence on China for external affairs and isolation from the outside world. During the 19th century, Korea’s isolationist policy earned it the name the “Hermit Kingdom.”

• Joseon tried to protect itself against Western imperialism, but was eventually forced to open trade.

• After the First Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War, Korea was occupied by Japan for 30 years.

History (After Division)• At the end of WWII, the Japanese surren-

dered to Soviet and U.S. forces who occupied the northern and southern halves of Korea. (1948)

• On June 25th, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea, sparking the Korean War, the Cold War’s first major conflict.

- After huge advances on both sides, and massive losses among Ko-rean civilians in both north and south, the war eventually reached a stalemate

- The 1953 armistice, never signed by South Korea, split the peninsula along the demilitarized zone(DMZ).

- No peace treaty was ever signed, resulting in the two countries remain-ing technically at war.

History (After Division)• In 1960, a student uprising (the “4.19 revolu-

tion”) led to the resignation of the autocratic President Lee Sungman.

• A period of political instability followed, broken by General Park Chunghee’s military coup(the “5.16 coup d’etat’”)

• Park too over as president until his assassi-nation in 1979, overseeing rapid export-led economic growth as well as severe political repression.

- Park was heavily criticized as a ruthless military dictator, though Korean economy developed significantly during his tenure.

History (After Division)• After Park’s assassination, General Chun

Doohwan led Coup d’etat of Dec. Twelfth

- banned political activities

- expanded martial law closed universities

- curtailed the press

- When people in Gwangju triggered nationwide protests de-manding democracy Chun sent special forces to violently suppress the Gwangju Democratization Movement.

• Eventually Chun’s party leader, Roh Taewoo announced 6.29 Declaration, which included the direct election of the president.

• Roh Taewoo became a president.

History (After Division)• In 1988, Seoul hosted the 1988 summer

Olympics and became a member of the OECD in 1996.

• Korea was adversely affected by the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis.

- had to repay $57 billion owed to the International Mon-etary Fund in emergency rescue funds.

- Gold Collection Campaign - next slide

- With the effort of citizens, Korea was able to recover and continue its economic growth.

Gold Collection Campaign- Koreans queuing to donate their trea-

sures like wedding rings, gold medals and

trophies, gold “luck” keys and presents

- one day, more than 45,000 people turned

in 7,300pounds of gold worth $33 million.

This campaign grew fast so next day,

88,500 people donated 15,044 pounds of

gold worth $66 million.

- Many private companies also joined the

campaign.

History (After Division)

• In 2000, president Kim DaeJung’s “Sunshine Policy” successfully engaged in a North-South summit in Pyongyang. Later, Kim re-ceived the Nobel Peace Prize for his work for democracy and human rights in general and reconciliation with North Korea in particular.

Hangeulwritten in Hangul Korean Alphabet)

-The Koreans are one ethnic family speaking one lan-guage and have a strong cultural, national identity as one ethnic family.-Hangul is the only language invented.-It is only language registered in UNESCO for its highly scientific value.

Consonants

G (or K) N D

Vowels

A O I

ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

G, K

N D L, R

M B S J Ch K T P H

Consonants

Vowels

ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ ㅐ ㅒ ㅔ ㅖ ㅚ ㅙ ㅘ ㅟ ㅝ ㅢ ㅞ

a ya

eo

ye

o o y

ou y

ue i a

eyae

ae

yae

o oae

oa

ui ou ei oae

(14 in total)

(21 in total)

Example 1

Mㅁ

i

l

K a

ㅋ ㅏ

Write “MiKa” in Korean

Example 2

Keith

Sky

Steve

Ray

Christine 크리스틴

레이

스카이

스티브

키이쓰

Government• Three Branches

- executive, legislative and judicial

• Local Governments

- various ministries in the executive branch carry out local functions.

- semi-autonomous

• Structure is determined by the Constitution of the Republic of Korea.

• Series of military dictatorships 1960s-1980s, but developed into a successful liberal democracy

Capital - SeoulFly to Seoul Boom Boom Boom – 2pm

• Population of Seoul: 10,421,782 (Over half of south Ko-

reans live

•A s the headquarters for Samsung, LG, Hyundai, Kia and

SK Seoul has become a major business hub.

•Although Seoul accounts for only 0.6% of South Korea’s

land area, it generates 21% of the country’s GDP

The Great Gates

The major gates in the wall that sur-rounded Seoul during the Joseon Dynasty

Dongdaemun“Great East Gate”

Namdaemun“Great South Gate”

Seodaemun“Great West Gate”

Teheran Ave

Cheongyecheon

Banpo-gyo at Han River

Insadong

National Museum

Dongdaemun

World Cup Seasons!!In 2002, South Korea and Japan jointly co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Since then, Koreans’ interest in World Cup greatly in-creased. They eventually came up with a special cheering culture.

I interviewed an American who lived in Korea during 2002 World Cup and 2006 World Cup. He said that even though he is not Ko-rean, if you are there, anyone is cheering for Korean team. It seems Koreans know how to purely enjoy this event.

Cuisine

- Korean cuisine originated from ancient prehistoric traditions in

the Korean peninsula evolving through a complex interaction of

environmental, political, and cultural trends.

- Largely based upon rice, vegetables, and meats.

-Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side

dishes that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.

- Kimchi is served often, sometimes at every meal.

Food

Bulgogi Kimchi

Seolleong-tang

Naengmyeon

Hanjeongsik

Dolsotbap

Tteok-Bokki

Traditional Games

GangGangSullae

-Participants would dance under

the brightest full moon of the year

in order to bring about a good har-

vest.

- In the 16th century, during the Ja-

panese invasion of Korea, women

in military uniform danced gang-

gangsullae on Mount Okmae.

-The Japanese scouts thus overes-

timated the strength of the Korean

troops.

: Hold hands and go round

Etiquette• Eating

– Offer to pour other’s drinks before you pour your drinks

– If you deny to pour for someone, it will be offensive– It is polite to pass or accept food or drink with your

right hand while your left hand supports your fore-arm/wrist

– Wait to be told where to sit– The eldest are served first and start eating process– Refuse the first offer of second helpings– Finish everything on the plate

Etiquette• Body Language

– Never touch, pat or backslap a Korean who is not your relatives or close friend

– Never point with your index finger– NEVER, NEVER touch a Korean’s head– Receive gifts with two hands when the giver is

older than you– If you are the one accepting the gift, refuse a

couple of times, before agreeing to have it; if you ultimately decide not to take the gift, the giver will be very insulted.

Etiquette

• Greeting (and saying bye to)– For elder, keep both legs straight and together,

put both arms stiffly by your side, keep your back straight, and bend from the waist. Keep the head down and do not look at the elder.

– Bow not too fast or slow and say, “An Nyung Ha Sae Yo”

– Don’t squeeze hard when shaking hands– Koreans avoid saying “no,” so “yes,” may not

mean “yes”

Folk MusicArirang (아리랑 )

-A Korean flok song, sometimes considered the unofficial national

anthem of Korea.

-Is an ancient native Korean word with no direct modern meaning

-Consist of 9 Verse.

-Many variations of the song exist – are usually prefixed by their

place of origin.

-JeongSeon Arirang has been sung in for more than 600 yearsRefrain:Arirnang, Arirang, Arariyo,Arirang Pass is the long road you go.1st Verse:If you leave and forsake me, my own, Ere three miles you go, lame you’ll have grown3rd Verse:Arirang Mount is my Tear-Falling Hill,So seeking my love, I cannot stay still.

4th Verse:The brightest of stars stud the sky so blue;Deep in my bosom burns bitterest rue.

http://www.usarmyband.com/Audio/army_strings_audio_downloads.html

Fusion Music- Koreans are trying hard to be more familiar with their own music. As a re-

sult of it, they began to make Modern music melody with Korean traditional

instruments.

Example 1) Example 2) Example 3) Example 4)

Example 5)

K-Pop- An abbreviation of Korean pop

- A musical genre consisting of electropop, hip hop, pop, rock, and R&B music

originating in South Korea.

- It has grown into a popular subculture among teenagers and young adults

around the world.

-Though the presence of Facebook, iTunes, Twitter and YouTube, K-pop

reached to a previously inaccessible audience via the Internet

BoA TVXQ (popular in Japan) Girl’s Generation

KARA Beige F(x) Bigbang Rain

Hanbok

- Vibrant colors

- Simple lines without pockets

- People wear during traditional festivals

and celebrations.

- Modern hanbok does not exactly follow

the actual style as worn in old days. It

went through some major changes during

the 20th century for practical reasons.

Modernized Hanbok

Modernized Hanbok

Architecture

During Neolithic-Period huts (reconstructed)

Korean Dolmens(UNESCO World Heritage)

Religious Architecture

Chongnim Temple Pagoda,one of the oldest surviving pagodas Baekje

Bulguk Temple(UNESCO World Heritage)

Seokguram, Silla,(UNESCO World Heritage)

Architecture

Gyeongbok Palace - the largest of the Five Grand Palaces built during the Joseon.

Royal Architecture

Poseokjeong (Pavilion of Stone Abalone),A Grand Royal Garden

Cheonmseongdae,Royal observtory. Anapji

Bibliography

• http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/south-korea-country-profile.html

• http://www.economist.com/topics/south-korea