revision revise the phrases and expressions in the warming up part
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Revision
• Revise the phrases and expressions in the warming up Part
quit (quitted/quit, quitted/quit, quitting)
(1). to give up, to stop doing sth. 停止 ; 辞职
I've quit my job. He has not quit smoking, but is
holding down to three cigarettes a day.
(2)to rid oneself of by paying 偿清 quit a debt
apply v. (1) apply for 请求;申请 I want to apply for the job.
(2) apply… to… 涂 , 敷 , 抹 ; 适用 ; 把…应用于… --to put to or adapt for a special use What I have said does not apply to you. This rule doesn't apply to children. Apply medicine to his wound.apply to sb. for help请求某人帮助。 make application to sb. for help.向某人请求帮助 application n. 申请 , 申请书 ; 应用
add up ----to combine (a column of figures, for example) to form a sum. 把……加起来 , 计算……的总和 Please add up all the numbers. Add up ten figures, please.add up to 加起来总和是… His whole school education added up to no more than one year.add to 增添,增加 The music added to our enjoyment. The green belts add to the beauty of the school.add sth to sth 往…里加… add fuel to the fire 火上加油;使事情更糟 add sth. to sth. 加 , 增加 If you add 5 to 5 you get 10.
I am more of a leader than a follower.我是一个领导者而不是一个追随者。
more... than... 此处做连词使用 , 可以连接两个形容词 , 意为 " 是…… . 而不是…… " ;与其说是…… , 不如说是 ... ,表示前一种说法比后一种说法更正确一些。
I was more angry than frightened. He is more diligent than clever.
keep up 维持 ; 保持 ; 坚持 ; 继续 + n.
Many people keep up this old tradition.
Will the weather keep up?
Keep up with 不落在…后面 , 赶上
She likes to keep up with the latest fashion
He walked so fast that she couldn’t keep up with him.
keep on – to continue + doing
To adapt to the modern society, we should keep on learning.
• keep up the good work 好好干下去 • keep off the grass• keep out the cold • keep the boy out of trouble• keep silence • keep to the subject/ the left• keep up with • keep…in mind 记住• keep back 保留 , 扣留 , 隐瞒• keep on doing 继续坚持做某事• keep sb doing 使…一直做• keep sb from doing 阻止…做
• more than• Hibernation is more than sleep.• He’s more than a teacher. He’s our best friend.• The museum is more than a museum. It’s a
school.(=not only)• The museum is more than 10 kilometres from
here(=over)• More than one house was burnt down in the
fire.
• Her performance was more than good; it was perfect.(extremely)
• The consequence was much more than he imagined.
• I love you more than my wife. • He is not more diligent than John. 前者不如后
者• He is no more diligent than John . 一样不• He is not more than 40. 不超过(不强调少)
• He is no more than 40. (=only, 强调少 , 有感情色彩 )
• He is no less active than he used to be. 不少于,不亚于,和…一样
• He is more brave than wise. 有勇无谋• The film is more in name than in reality. 名不
符实• The book seems to be more a dictionary than a
grammar. 与其说是语法书倒不如说是本词典
1. Keep it up; don’t stop 2.The rain kept up for two days.3.Will the fine weather keep
up ?
4.I do hope we’re not keeping you up.
5.The farmers are keeping prices up.
6.She keeps up her spirits by singing.
keep up with sb/sth
跟上…与 ..同步前进
words & expressions easily confused:
insist on doing sthkeep up
① 继续某事② 指…持续不停
③ keep sb up 使…不睡觉④ keep sth up 使某物处于高水平
1)Don’t _____________ when you come
across difficulties.2)He ___________________ the famous actress.
lose heart 灰心 , 气馁lost one’s heart to
syn: discourage frustrate
lost his heart to
lose heart爱上某人
get discouraged / frustrated
take it easy & take one’s time 别紧张,放松点 慢慢来,别急
a)________________, there is nothing serious. b)______________________, there is still 15 minutes to go.c)----Can I look about the rooms before I decide which room I’d like to stay in ? -----Of course.________, madam. A. That’s all right B. Take your time C. Enjoy yourself D. Take it easy.
Take it easyTake your time
B
add up 加起来 , 说得通 add to 增加 add up to 总计达 add…to…1)The number of the students in our school
____________5,000.2)Would you like to _______ anything _____ what
I’ve said, John? 3)The rise in petrol costs _______________ to our
difficulties. 4)He wrote down the weight of each stone and
then ____________ all the weights. 5)His story doesn’t _________ --- He must be
lying.6) Our explanation seemed only to ___________
his confusion.
adds up to
add to
has added to
added upadd up
add to
circumstance n. ( 常用 pl) 环境 , 情况 ; 境况 What were the circumstances of her death? in/ under the circumstances 在目前情况下 in/under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不 ( 置于句首句子常倒装 ) 1) ___________________ ( 条件允许情况 下 ), I’ll go abroad to study. 2) I had to give up my attempt in the
circumstances. Under no circumstances ____________________________( 应该借给他钱 )
Under the circumstances
3) should you lend him any money.
Key words:
Language points
Listening:漂流到荒岛上 be cast away on an deserted island主要人物 the main character自责… blame oneself for...造成差别 make difference 接近,近似 approach to
Language points
Speaking :常识 common sense一把剪刀 a pair of scissors满足…的基本需求 satisfy/meet one’s basic needs各种困难 all sorts of difficulties生存的基本需求 the basic needs for survival
survive 生还,残存 ; 比 --- 长寿
Vi 幸存;活下来
We survived, although others died in the accident.
Vt. …. 之后还活着
Only one baby survived the terrible car crash.
We survived the accident.
survival n. 生存 , 幸存 , 残存 , 幸存者 , 残存物
survivor n. 生还者,残存物
Going WestWe will read a passage about American pioneers who traveled to the west for wealth and better life. Let’s read and see what happened to them on the way.
Revision Revision
Did you search information for
Westward Movement? What kind of
movement is it? What was the
background of it?
Did you search information for
Westward Movement? What kind of
movement is it? What was the
background of it?
Westward Movement is a movement
of people from the settled regions of the
United States to lands farther west.
Westward Movement is a movement
of people from the settled regions of the
United States to lands farther west.
Between the early 17th and late 19th
centuries, Anglo-American people and
their society expanded from the Atlantic
Coast to the Pacific Coast. This
westward movement, across what was
often called the American frontier, was
of enormous significance. By expanding
Between the early 17th and late 19th
centuries, Anglo-American people and
their society expanded from the Atlantic
Coast to the Pacific Coast. This
westward movement, across what was
often called the American frontier, was
of enormous significance. By expanding
the nation’s borders to include more
than three million square miles, the
United States became one of the most
powerful nations of the 20th century.
However, this expansion also resulted in
great suffering, destruction, and cultural
loss for the Native Americans of North
the nation’s borders to include more
than three million square miles, the
United States became one of the most
powerful nations of the 20th century.
However, this expansion also resulted in
great suffering, destruction, and cultural
loss for the Native Americans of North
America. This expansion also meant that
much of North America was dominated
by English institutions and ways of life,
instead of Spanish or French ones. The
Spanish and French were also exploring
and settling North America in the
sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth
America. This expansion also meant that
much of North America was dominated
by English institutions and ways of life,
instead of Spanish or French ones. The
Spanish and French were also exploring
and settling North America in the
sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth
centuries. For good or ill, the Westward
Movement of these Anglo-American
settlers was one of the most influential
forces to shape North American history.
centuries. For good or ill, the Westward
Movement of these Anglo-American
settlers was one of the most influential
forces to shape North American history.
For thousands of years, the American Indians lived as hunters in North America.
From 16th to 17th century, European settlers got to America ,drove away the native Americans and ruled the country
Rocky
mountains
The Salt Lake Valley
Death Valley
PRE-READINGDiscuss the following questions with your partner.
1. Who were the Native Americans? Where did they live and what do you know about their life?
1. Who were the Native Americans? Where did they live and what do you know about their life? The Native Americans were the Indian. They lived in the vast land of West America and their life was simple and hard. They hunt for food and rode on horses.
The Native Americans were the Indian. They lived in the vast land of West America and their life was simple and hard. They hunt for food and rode on horses.
2. History counts many cases in which settlers moved into areas that belonged to other people. Can you give some examples? What happened?
2. History counts many cases in which settlers moved into areas that belonged to other people. Can you give some examples? What happened?The English moved into New Zealand, where they found the Maori already living. Similarly, the British moved into Australia, where they found the Aboriginals already living there. In more recent history the Jewish people moved into the country that belonged to the Palestine people. In each case there were conflicts about the land.
The English moved into New Zealand, where they found the Maori already living. Similarly, the British moved into Australia, where they found the Aboriginals already living there. In more recent history the Jewish people moved into the country that belonged to the Palestine people. In each case there were conflicts about the land.
3. The new settlements in America soon
became known as the Wild West. Why?
3. The new settlements in America soon
became known as the Wild West. Why?
There were no laws and there were no
police, no jails and no courts. As a result, law
and order did not exist, and anything could
happen.
There were no laws and there were no
police, no jails and no courts. As a result, law
and order did not exist, and anything could
happen.
Read the text carefully and find out their moving route .
spring of 1845
set offstarted from Kansas
Nov.4.1846reached the edge of the desert
Time Eventsgave him the idea … Oct.1845
Apr.12.1846
Salt Lake Desert Dec.25.184
6.
While-reading
1. When did their travel begin and
what was their destination?
1. When did their travel begin and
what was their destination?
The travel began in the middle of
October of 1845, they decided to move to
California.
The travel began in the middle of
October of 1845, they decided to move to
California.
2. What does “account” in the first
line means?
2. What does “account” in the first
line means?
The “account” here means
description.
For example, “She gave the police
a full account of the incident.”
The “account” here means
description.
For example, “She gave the police
a full account of the incident.”
3. In paragraph two, the author
mentioned Indian Greek. Where
was it and was it very important?
3. In paragraph two, the author
mentioned Indian Greek. Where
was it and was it very important? It was in Kansas. It was the
frontier at that time and also the
meeting place for people moving to
the west.
It was in Kansas. It was the
frontier at that time and also the
meeting place for people moving to
the west.
4. Do you know what difficulties they
ran into during the journey?
4. Do you know what difficulties they
ran into during the journey?
They entered the desert and lost their
way, and didn’t have enough water to
drink. Their animals died from lack of
water.
They entered the desert and lost their
way, and didn’t have enough water to
drink. Their animals died from lack of
water.
5. According to the fourth paragraph,
why do people call the desert Death
Valley?
5. According to the fourth paragraph,
why do people call the desert Death
Valley?
People showed coldness and were not
willing to help others in trouble. They
abandoned everything they could. Valley is
in chaos and full of dead animals.
Therefore, we called it Death Valley.
People showed coldness and were not
willing to help others in trouble. They
abandoned everything they could. Valley is
in chaos and full of dead animals.
Therefore, we called it Death Valley.
6. What is the theme of this passage? 6. What is the theme of this passage?
If you make unremitting 不间断的 efforts, you will achieve your goals.
Don’t give up before difficulties.
If you make unremitting 不间断的 efforts, you will achieve your goals.
Don’t give up before difficulties.
Put the following sentences in the correct order.
1.We reached the edge of the desert and our days of hardship had come to an end.2.We reached our first destination, which was the meeting place for people moving to the west.3.We were suffering from heat, thirst and starvation, but in anxiety of reaching a place of safety, no one stopped.4.By the middle of October, 1845, we set off for our journey across the continent.5.We left traveling with a group of 45 wagons.6.We traveled through mountains and deserts in the central part of the continent.7.After traveling through four states, we decided to spend the winter before moving on.
4, 7, 2, 5, 6, 3, 1,
Indian Creek in Kansas
Rocky Mountain
Salt Lake Valley
Salt Lake Desert
Death Valley
promised land
home
The central part of..
True or false?
1.We got to our destination in October 1846.2.In order to get to our destination before winter comes we traveled day and night.3.The travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long drive” because they had to travel without water or grass. 4. We had no choice but to travel on foot with another five hundred miles.5.The situation was so desperate that people abandoned almost everything and helped each other across the desert.6.Feeling exhausted, I had to stay behind with the children and wait for help.
1. How long did the author spend finishing the journey?
A. More than 14 months. B. About 24 months. C. About a year. D. About a year and a month.
Choose the best:
2. From the text, we can infer ____. A.the author and the travelers had
to go all day and all night long. B.there was no oxen left when the travelers reached California C. many travelers died when their days of hardship came to an end. D. the situation was more
desperate than they had expected.
3. Why did the travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long Drive”? A Because the landscape was dry and barren 贫瘠的 . B. Because water was salty and not drinkable. C. Because their water supply was so low. D. All of the above.
4. What does the author mean by saying “No, I won’t give up. I knew that giving up meant a shallow grave in the sand.” ? A. He was determined to go on with the journey ,for he was sure to die through Salt Lake Desert unless he struggled against the hardship. B. He was sure to continue the journey, for he would die because of the sand. C. He intended to go on with the journey , for death would wait for him unless he paused in the desert. D. He was going on with the journey ,for nobody would escape from the desert if he gave in to the bad fate .
5. what can we learn from the ending of the story “Going West”? A. People shouldn’t set foot on a wild land because of hardship. B. Travelers should travel light C. Travelers should arrange for their journey before setting off for their destination. D. Perseverance can go hand in hand with survival or success in time of danger or difficulty.
7. The best title of the text is ___.
A. A Journey To California B. The Hardship Of The Journey C. The Salt Lake Desert D. Enjoy Your Life
Language points
1. account(名词)描述,叙述 / 帐户
她向警方详尽地叙述了所发生的事情。
She gave the police a full account of the accident.
①
②She is going to open an account in the bank nearby.
她将去附近的银行开个帐户。
椐说,根据报道by all accountsBy all accounts, he is a very good doctor.take account of sth/ take sth into account 考虑到,顾及They have promised to take account of our wishes when making any changes.How can we account for all these changes?
beyond prep./adv. ① The soldiers who came home from the
battlefield asked for nothing beyond peace and quiet.
② The nail on the wall was beyond my reach.
③ some shops keep open beyond midnight.
④“What lies beyond the horizon?” he wondered.
远于,超出
( 表示位置 ) 在……的那边; 在…… 之外。
( 表示时间 ) 过了,比……晚。 ( 表示时间 ) 过了,比……晚。
( 常用于含疑问或否定意义的结构中 ) 除…之外。 ( 常用于含疑问或否定意义的结构中 ) 除…之外。
(表示范围、限度 ) 超出;为……所 不及。
be beyond sb. 对于某人来说,难以想象 ( 表示范围、限度 ) 超出;为……所不及。
1) It’s quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker. 我实在无法理解为什么她会嫁给一个烟鬼.
2) If the work is beyond Tom, it is
certainly beyond me. 如果汤姆干不了这项工作,我也干不了。
2) If the work is beyond Tom, it is
certainly beyond me. 如果汤姆干不了这项工作,我也干不了。
beyond sb/ one’s comprehension 某人不能理解
• beyond all praise 赞美不尽• beyond description 无法形容• beyond belief 难以置信• beyond compare 无以伦比• beyond hope 没希望的 • beyond words 无法用言语表达• beyond my power 超出了我的权力范围
[ 高考示例 ][ 高考示例 ]
I’m sorry it’s ____ my power to
make a final decision on the project.
( 上海 2004 春 )
A. over B. above
C. off D. beyond
I’m sorry it’s ____ my power to
make a final decision on the project.
( 上海 2004 春 )
A. over B. above
C. off D. beyond
DD
leave behind 留下 , 忘带 Take care not to leave anything behind. They cut off the skins of bison and leave the bodies behind to rot.
我把我的帽子忘在椅子上了。 I’ve left behind my hat on the chair.
• set off• begin a journey 出发 When will you set off for
Shanghai/on a trip to Beijing?• make …explode 使。。。爆炸;燃放(烟花,爆竹)• eg: 1.)The bomb could be set off by the slightest
vibration(震动 )• 2.)A group of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.• start a process 引发,激起• eg: Panic on the stock market set off a wave of selling.股市恐慌引起了一轮抛售潮
• across 1.) 横穿,横过 2 。)(从某一表面)越过
• through(从三维空间 )穿过• over越过
• frontier 边境,边疆:指属本国一侧的边缘地区,非两国共有的边界
• border: 边境,边界;指两国或两地之间分界处附近的边缘地区
• eg: 1.)Many Chinese minority live in frontier areas.
• 2.)There haven’t been any serious border conflicts between the two countries for a long time .
• trying: annoying or difficult to deal with 恼人的 ; 难以对付出的 ; 难熬的
• eg: 1.)These are trying times for all of us. 对我们所有人来说 ,这是最难熬的时期 .
• 2.)The boy is very trying.这个男孩非常磨人
The most trying part
bad conditions
bad transportation
losing our way
short supply
(weather, road, place)
prove v. 1). prove sth.证实 ,证明…… You have to prove your honesty in practice.
2) prove (that) ...证明 ,证实 I shall prove to you that she is not telling the truth.
3) prove sb. + adj.证明某人… · Time will prove us right. Again history proved them wrong. 4) prove + (to be) + adj. / n.证明是 ,结果是…… 这个计划结果很实用 .The plan proved (to be) practical. 实验结果很成功。 The experiment proved a success.或许这本书会对你的学习有帮助。 Perhaps this book will prove to be of some help to you in your studies.
2. ... and the long walk through the sand
was hard on the oxen.
2. ... and the long walk through the sand
was hard on the oxen.
此处 be hard on 意为“够…受,使…难以忍受”。另外,它还可意为“磨得厉害;对…过于严厉,苛刻;紧跟等”。如:
此处 be hard on 意为“够…受,使…难以忍受”。另外,它还可意为“磨得厉害;对…过于严厉,苛刻;紧跟等”。如:
These rough roads are hard on your
shoes.
这些崎岖的道路把鞋磨得厉害。
These rough roads are hard on your
shoes.
这些崎岖的道路把鞋磨得厉害。 Don’t be too hard on your little
son.
不要对你的儿子过于苛刻。
Don’t be too hard on your little
son.
不要对你的儿子过于苛刻。When I arrived there, I found that he
was hard on me. 我到那儿时,发现他紧跟在我的后面。
When I arrived there, I found that he
was hard on me. 我到那儿时,发现他紧跟在我的后面。
drag their feet / legs 1. 疲惫的走 At nine o’clock she dragged herself to the office.
2. 故意拖延She wanted to sell their house, but her husband dragged his legs.
•
.pull, draw, drag, 的用法比较 :• 1.)pull 最普通的用法• 2.)draw (1)pull gently 轻拉 (2) ( 马 ,牛等 )拉车 (3)
drag 使劲吃力地 )拖拉• eg: 1.) She drew me aside to whisper in my ear. • 2.) A wagon is usually drawn by two horses. • 3.) I managed to draw myself out of bed. 我总算硬撑着从床上站起来
• 4.) After a day of hard work, she dragged her feet towards her home.
The animals dragged their legs, too weak to pull their burden, and their tongues hung out in desperate need of water. their tongues hung out是由“名词 + 过去分词”组成的独立主格结构 , 做伴随状语。 The thief was brought in, his hands tied back. in desperate need of… 极度渴望…… They are in desperate need of help.
be desperate for… --wanting or needing sth very much
I’m desperate for a drink.
in a desperate state 在绝境中desperation n. 绝望
be accustomed to +n. / doing习惯于……I'm not accustomed to getting up so early. 你将会很快习惯这个工作的。You will soon get accustomed to the job.你将很快习惯寒冷的天气的。You’ll soon get accustomed to cold weather.
be accustomed to 比 be used to 更正式
带介词 -to. 的动词短语 : +n./ doingbe used to 习惯于 stick to 坚持lead to 导致 devote oneself to 献身于 refer to 涉及 ,参考turn to 转向 ; 求助于 prefer ... to... 宁愿……而不… belong to 属于 get down to... 认真考虑 ; 静下心做…… pay attention to... 注意… . .. get to... 到达…
•
(1) on one’s feet 长时间站着 : The worst thing about working in the shop is that you are on your feet all day.
• (2) get onto one’s knees 跪在地上 , get/ go on (down) one’s knees 跪下
• (3) on all fours 四肢着地 , move on all fours across the sand 四肢着地在沙漠上爬行 .
• eg: He went down on his knees to beg for money.
come to an end 结束 , 告终
会议在午夜结束。
The meeting came to an end at midnight.
•
类似短语 :• 1. come to a conclusion 得出结论• 2. come to a decision 做出决定• 3. come to a stop 停了下来• 4. come to one’s aid =aid sb 援助某人• 5. come to an agreement 达成协议• 6. come to power 开始执政 , 上台• 7. come to oneself 苏醒 ,恢复知觉• 8. come to nothing 完全失败 ,终成泡影
What impressed me most is when the woman said she was so tired and thirsty that she went on all fours but still refused to give up, knowing that would mean her death.
I learned that during our lifetime, We may run into many difficulties. When we come across the problems, we shouldn’t try to escape. Instead, we should learn to face reality and solve the problems. As long as we overcome the difficulties and never give up, we will achieve our goals and succeed.
Failure happens when you quit.To go on till you succeed is what life is all about.
放弃就是失败
坚持不懈直至成功才是生活的真谛An iron pestle can be ground down to a needle — perseverance will prevail.
Perseverance is a kind of quality and it is what it takes to do anything well!
No pains, no gains!
Don’t step away from a challenge, but go for it!
Remember:
2. Yet, our water supply was so low that we dared not share it with the beasts.
3.In fact, the situation was so desperate that, in most cases, no one
could help another.4.I was so weak and tired that I got on my knees
and started moving across the sands on all fours.
5. Lying around them were chains, guns , tools , bedding, clothing,
and many other articles.
Key sentences:
so + adj. / adv. thatsuch + n. thatlike/enjoy/hate...so much that
全部倒装结构
Long Difficult Sentences
1. This account of the wonderful land
beyond the Rocky Mountains gave him the
idea to move there.
2. The journey through the mountains and desert in the central part of the continent was the most trying part.
wonderful
the mountains
and desert
part
central/ of the continent
Phrases1. 在…的春天
2. 把…装到车上
3. 留下
4. 出发
5. 一年的旅程
6. 选…为…
7. 在白天
8. 形成一个圆圈
9. 迷路
10.一块草地
11. 疲惫地走
1. in the spring of
2. pack sth. onto a wagon
3. leave behind
4. set off
5. a journey of a year
6. choose …as…
7. by day
8. form a circle
9. lose one’s way
10.a patch of grass
11. drag one’s legs/ feet
12. 急需
13. 分享
14. 习惯做…
15. 遭受
16. 渴望…
17. 安全的地方
18. 在多数情况下
19. 跪下
20.爬行
21. 在…心中
22. 上帝恩许之地
23. 结束
12. in desperate need of…
13. share sth. with sth.
14. be accustomed to sth./ doing
15. suffer from
16. in anxiety of doing sth.
17. a place of safety
18. in most cases
19. get onto one’s knees
20. move on all fours
21. in one’s mind
22. the promised land
23. come to an end
Post-reading Post-reading
Suggested answers: Suggested answers:
1. The state called Kansas is in the
middle of America. California lies in
the southwest of America.
The Rocky Mountains run across the
west of Canada and America from
north to south. It is 4500 km long.
1. The state called Kansas is in the
middle of America. California lies in
the southwest of America.
The Rocky Mountains run across the
west of Canada and America from
north to south. It is 4500 km long.
3. Because lack of water made them
very thirsty, weak and tired, they
called their ninety-mile drive through
3. Because lack of water made them
very thirsty, weak and tired, they
called their ninety-mile drive through
2. Sometimes the wagons were not ① the most suitable means of
transport;
②As the animals could no longer pull
the wagons, we burnt them and
packed the oxen with our supplies.
2. Sometimes the wagons were not ① the most suitable means of
transport;
②As the animals could no longer pull
the wagons, we burnt them and
packed the oxen with our supplies.
5. The first picture is Journey to the West. The story is known in China.
The hero Monk Tang in the story went through 81 difficulties. Finally he got the Buddhist Scripture.
5. The first picture is Journey to the West. The story is known in China.
The hero Monk Tang in the story went through 81 difficulties. Finally he got the Buddhist Scripture.
The second picture is The Long March. If there had not been the long
The second picture is The Long March. If there had not been the long
the Salt Lake Desert the “long drive”. the Salt Lake Desert the “long drive”.
march, we could not have lived the happy
life. They went through starvation,
coldness and so on.
The third picture is Climbing Mount
Qomolangma. They have to face
difficulties like coldness, avalanche and
snowstorm.
march, we could not have lived the happy
life. They went through starvation,
coldness and so on.
The third picture is Climbing Mount
Qomolangma. They have to face
difficulties like coldness, avalanche and
snowstorm.