rHf;fiu Neha;

gw;wpa cz;ikfs;

rHf;fiu Neha; vd;why; vd;d ?nghJthf ek; clk;gpy; cs;s midj;J jpRf;fSk; ed;whf ,aq;f rf;jpahdJ rHf;fiu tbtpy; nry;fpwJ. me;j rHf;fiu cztpypUe;J ,uj;jj;jpw;F tUfpwJ.

rhg;ghl;bw;F Kd; :70 Kjy; 110 mg / dl

rhg;ghl;bw;F gpd; :100 Kjy; 140 mg / dl

,e;j msTf;F mjpfkhf rHf;fiu ,uj;jj;jpy; fhzg;gl;lhy;> mJNt rHf;fiu Neha; vdg;gLfpwJ.

,uj;jj;jpy; rHf;fiu ,Uf;f Ntz;ba msT

rHf;fiu Neha;f;F fhuzk; vd;d ? rh;f;fiu Neha; cs;s egUf;F ,d;Rypd;

cw;gj;jpahtjpy;iy my;yJ ,d;Rypd; gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gLfpwJ.

,d;Rypd; vd;Dk; jputk; tapw;wpYs;s cWg;ghfpa fizaj;jpypUe;J Ruf;fpwJ.

,e;j ,d;Rypd; clypy; cs;s jpRf;fspDs; rh;f;fiu Eiotjw;F cjtp nra;fpwJ.

,d;Rypd; ,y;yhJ Nghdhy; rh;f;fiu jpRf;fspy; EioahJ> mJ ,uj;jj;jpy; mjpfhpj;J tpLk;.

,uj;jj;jpy; rHf;fiuapd; msT,uj;jj;jpy; rHf;fiuapd; msTrHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfs; & ,y;yhjtHfs;

Good Control

fl ;Lg;ghl ;by ; c s ;s J

Fair

gut hapy ;i y

Poor Control

fl ;Lg;ghl ;by ; , y ;i y

rhg;gpLk; K d; 70 - 110 100f ;F f Po; 140f ;F f Po; 140f ;F Nky ;

rhg;ghl ;bw;F gpd;

(2 Hours)100 - 140 160f ;F f Po; 200f ;F f Po; 200f ;F Nky ;

c s ;s t Hf s ;

, y ;y hj t Hf s ;

rHf ;fi uapd; ms T

rHf;fiu Nehapd; mwpFwpfs;

mjpf jhfk; vil FiwT kpFe;j fisg;G Mwhj Gz; mbf;fb rpWePH fopj;jy;

vy;yh rHf;fiu NehahspfSf;Fk; ,e;j mwpFwpfs; ,Ug;gjpy;iy. tof;fkhd ,uj;j ghpNrhjidapd; %yNk rHf;fiu Nehahspfs; fz;lwpag;gLthHfs;.

rHf;fiu Nehapd; tiffs;Kjy; tif : nghJthf gpwe;j Foe;ij Kjy; 15 taJ tiu Vw;gLk; rHf;fiu Neha; ,e;j tifiar; rhHe;jJ. ,tHfSf;F ,d;Rypd; JspasT $l Ruf;f tha;g;gpy;iy. vdNt tho;ehs; KOtJk; ,d;Rypd; Crpia gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; kw;wtHfisg; Nghy tho;f;ifia rPuhf itj;jpUf;fyhk;.

,uz;lhk; tif : ngUk;ghYk; 40 tajpw;F Nky; cs;stHfSf;F Vw;gLk;. rpW tajpdUf;Fk; Vw;glyhk;. ,tHfSf;F khj;jpiuapd; %yk; ,d;Rypd; Ruf;f nra;J rHf;fiuapd; msit rPuhf;f KbAk;. rpy Mz;LfSf;Fg;gpd; ,d;Rypd; Crp Njitg;gLfpwJ.

kw;w tiffs; : fiza Nehapd; fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; rHf;fiu Neha;.

Foe;ij fUg;igapy; tsUk;NghJ kl;Lk; Vw;gLk; - rHf;fiu Neha;.

ehskpy;yh Rug;gpfspd; Fiwghl;bdhy; Vw;gLk; - rHf;fiu Neha;.

Fwpg;G :

xU Kiw ,d;Rypd; gad;gLj;jpdhy; njhlHe;J mNj gof;fkhfptpLk; vd;w kf;fs; fUj;J jtW. Njitg;gLk; NghJ ,d;Rypd; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

rHf;fiu Nehia Vd; fl;Lg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; ?

rHf;fiu Nehia Fzg;gLj;j KbahJ. Mdhy; mij fl;Lg;gLj;j KbAk;. mijf; fl;Lg;gLj;jhtpl;lhy; mJ jPtpukhd cldb (m) ePbj;j cghijfspy; nfhz;L tpLk;.

,e;j ePbj;j cghijfs; ehsiltpy; Kf;fpa cly; cWg;Gfis ghjpf;f Jtq;FfpwJ.

fz;fz; ghHitf;F CW tpistpf;Fk;

,Ujak;mjpf ,uj;j mOj;jk; (m) khuilg;G.

rpWePufk;rpWePuf NfhshW.

euk;Gfs;czHr;rp ,oj;jy;.

fhy;fhy; Gz; (m) cWg;G ePf;fk;.

rHf;fiu Nehia vg;gb fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ ? czTf; fl;Lg;ghL khj;jpiufs; (m) ,d;Rypd; clw;gapw;rp rh;f;fiu Neha; fy;tp (Diabetes Education) rPuhd tho;f;if Kiw

rHf;fiu NehAk;> %is kw;Wk; euk;G kz;lyKk;

%isapd; Nkw;gug;gpypUe;J Edpf;fhy; tiuapYs;s ve;j euk;G Ntz;LkhdhYk; ghjpf;f tha;g;Gz;L.

%isapy; ,uj;j Foha; milg;G (gf;fthjk;) rh;f;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F mjpfkhf fhzg;gLfpwJ.

fhuzk; :- euk;Gfspy; Vw;gLk; Ntjpapay; khw;wKk; ,uj;jf;

Foha;fspy; nfhOg;Gg; gbjYk;.

jLf;f topKiwfs; :- Kiwahd rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; czTf; fl;Lg;ghL.

tUlk; xU Kiw ,uj;jj;jpy; nfhOg;gpd; msit ghpNrhjid nra;J mjw;fhd rpfpr;ir ngWjy;.

clw;gapw;rp nra;jy;.

Vd; ? ePz;l ehs; rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F fz; ,uj;jf;Foha;

kw;Wk; euk;G ghjpg;gpdhy; fz;fs; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

rHf;fiu NehAk; fz; ghjpg;Gk; :- fz; ghHit ,og;G - 20%. rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F

Vw;gLfpwJ..

jLf;f top Kiwfs; Kiwahd rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; czTf; fl;Lg;ghl;bd;

%yk; ,uj;jj;jpy; rHf;fiuapd; msit rPuhf itj;jpUj;jy;.

tUlk; xU Kiw fz; ghpNrhjid nra;jy;.

Muk;g epiyapy; fz;ghjpg;G fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;lhy; cldb NyrH rpfpr;irapd; %yk; ghHit ,og;ig jLf;f ,aYk;.

rHf;fiu NehAk; ,Uja NehAk; khuilg;G (Heart Attack)

khuilg;G rHf;fiu Neha; cs;s Mz;fSf;F ,uz;L klq;Fk;> rHf;fiu Neha; cs;s ngz;fSf;F ehd;F klq;Fk; mjpfkhf fhzg;gLfpwJ.

khuilg;G> rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F rpW tajpNyNa fhzg;gLfpwJ.

khuilg;G> rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F clypy; cs;s Kf;fpa ,uj;j Foha;fis jPtpukhf ghjpf;fpwJ.

,uj;jf;nfhjpg;G> rHf;fiu NehahspfSf;F ,uz;L klq;F mjpfkhf fhzg;gLfpwJ.

rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F> ,uj;jj;jpy; nfhOg;Gr;rj;J mjpfkhf cs;sjhy;> ,Uja RtHfs; tPf;fk; milfpwJ.

jLf;f top Kiwfs;

Kiwahd rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; czT fl;Lg;ghL ,tw;wpd; %yk; rHf;fiu Nehapd; msit rPuhf itj;jpUj;jy;.

,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s 5 tifahd nfhOg;G rj;jpd; msit tUlk; xUKiw ghpNrhjid nra;J mjw;fhd rpfpr;ir ngWjy;.

clw;gapw;rp.

LIPID PROFILE LIPID PROFILE ,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s ehd;F ,uj;jj;jpy; cs;s ehd;F tifahd nfhOg;gpd; msT tifahd nfhOg;gpd; msT (mg)(mg)

Low Risk

ey ;y J

Border Line Risk

gut hapy ;i y

High Risk

mj pf k;

Total Cholesteral

nf hy] ;l ;uhy ;150f ;F f Po; 160 - 200 200f ;F Nky ;

Triglyceride (TGL)

b.[ p.vy ;200f ;F f Po; 200 - 400 400f ;F Nky ;

Low Density LipoProtein (LDL)

vy ;.B.vy ;100f ;F f Po; 100 - 300 130f ;F Nky ;

High Density LipoProtein (HDL)

vr;.B.vy ;45f ;F Nky ; 35 - 45 35f ;F f Po;

rHf;fiu NehAk; rpWePuf ghjpg;Gk;

rpWePuf NfhshW gy fhuzq;fshy; Vw;gLfpwJ. mjpy; 33 % rHf;fiu Nehapdhy; “Mgj;jhd rpWePuf Neha;” (End Stage Kidney Disease) Vw;gLfpwJ.

rpWePuf ghjpg;Gfs; Vd; ?

ePz;l ehs; rHf;fiu fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,y;yhj NghJ rpWePuf jpRf;fspy; mjpf mOj;jk; Vw;gLtjhy; rpWepuf NfhshW Vw;gLfpd;wJ.

,ij jLf;Fk; topKiwfs; Kiwahd rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; czT fl;Lg;ghl;bdhy; ,uj;jj;jpy; rh;f;fiuapd; msit

rPuhf itj;jpUj;jy;.

tUlk; xU Kiw rpWePhpy; my;GkpDhpah (Micro Albuminuria Test) ghpNrhjid nra;J mjw;fhd rpfpr;ir ngWjy;.

rHf;fiu Nehapdhy; Vw;gLk; fhy; ghjpg;G (Diabetic Foot)

fhuzq;fs; ePz;l ehs; rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfs; Gz;fspd; typia czUk; jd;ik Fiwe;J tpLtjhy;. ePz;l ehs; rHf;fiu fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,y;yhj NghJ fhYf;F ,uj;j Xl;lk; Fiwtjhy;;. rpWGz; vd;W ftdpf;fhky; ,Ug;gjhy;.

,e;Nehia jLf;Fk; topKiwfs; :- fhy;fis ntJntJg;ghd ePhpy; kpUJthf Nrhg;Gld; fOt Ntz;Lk;. jpdKk; fhy;fis Rj;jkhf itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. RUf;fkhf $wpdhy; (Kfj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Nghy fhy;fis ghJfhf;f

Ntz;Lk;). fhYf;F Vw;w fhyzpfis gad;gLj;jTk;. fhyzpfs; ,y;yhky; ntspapy; nry;yf;$lhJ. rpWGz;fisAk; rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfs; kUj;Jthplk; fhz;gpj;J rpfpr;ir ngw Ntz;Lk;.

rHf;fiu NehAk; - fpUkp jhf;fKk;(INFECTION)

fpUkp jhf;fk; rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F mjpfkhf fhzg;gLfpwJ.

rpWePufk;> fy;yPuy;> gpj;jg;ig> vYk;G> Njhy;> EiuaPuy;> if kw;Wk; fhy;fspy; fpUkpj; jhf;fk; Vw;gLfpwJ.

fhuzk;

rh;f;fiu Neha; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,y;yhjtHfSf;F fpUkpia vjpHj;J NghuhLk; rf;;jp Fiwtjdhy;.

rHf;fiu NehAk; - gps;isg;NgWk; rpy ngz;fSf;F Foe;ij fUg;igapy; tsUk; NghJ kl;Lk; rHf;fiu Neha; (Gestational Diabetes) ,Uf;Fk;.

Foe;ij gpwe;jTld; ,e;j rHf;fiu Neha; jhdhfNt rhpahfptpLk;. ,t;tifahd rHf;fiu NehAs;s ngz;fs; ,uj;jj;jpy; rHf;fiuapd; msit Foe;ij gpwf;Fk; tiu kpf rPuhf itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iy vdpy; fPo;fz;l Neha;fs; Foe;ijia ghjpf;Fk;.

rHf;fiu NehAk; - gps;isg;NgWk; Foe;ij vil mjpfkhfNth (my;yJ) kpff; Fiwe;Njh fhzg;gLk;. %r;Rj; jpzwy;. fhkhiy. fUg;igapy; Foe;ij ,wj;jy;. %is> jz;Ltlk; kw;Wk; ,jaj;jpy; gpwtp FiwghL.

rpfpr;ir czTf; fl;Lg;ghL ,d;Rypd; Crp fHg;gpzpg; ngz;fs; rHf;fiu Neha; khj;jpiufis cz;zf; $lhJ.

rHf;fiu NehAk; - gazKk; rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfs; vq;F nrd;whYk; jd;Dld; rHf;fiu Neha;f;fhd ml;ilia vLj;Jr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;. mjpy; rhg;gpLk; khj;jpiu

(m) ,d;Rypd; Crp tptuk;> tPl;L tpyhrk;> njhiyNgrp vz; Fwpj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Njitahd khj;jpiufs; (m) ,d;Rypd; Crp nfhz;L nry;y Ntz;Lk;

fw;fz;L (m) rHf;fiu (m) rhf;nyl; cld; vLj;Jr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;.

ePz;l Neuk; thfdk; xl;l Neh;e;jhy; ,uz;L (m) %d;W kzp Neuj;jpw;F xU Kiw rpW czT rhg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. (gp];fl;> ghy; Nghd;wit).

rHf;fiuapd; msT Fiwjy; (i`NghfpisrPkpah)

rHf;fiu NehahspfSf;F grp Neuj;jpy; rHf;fiuapd; msT FiwAk; NghJ glglg;G> eLf;fk;> mjpf tpaHit> gaczHr;rp> gyfPdk;> jiytyp Vw;gLk;. ,ij cldbahf rhp nra;a fw;fz;L (m) rHf;fiu (m) rhf;nyl; cz;z Ntz;Lk;.

fhuzk; Neuk; jtwp rhg;gpLjy;

khj;jpiu (m) ,d;Rypd; Crp rhpahf vLj;Jf; nfhz;l gpwF #o;epiy fhuzkhf czT rhg;gpl jtWjy; (m) Fiwthd czT cz;Zjy;.

rHf;fiuapd; msT Fiwjy; (i`NghfpisrPkpah)

jLf;f topKiwfs;

rhpahd Neuj;jpy; czT cz;Zjy;.

rhpahd msT rhg;ghL ,y;iy vd;why; md;W rHf;fiu khj;jpiuia Fiwj;J rhg;gplyhk; (m) me;j Ntiy khj;jpiuia jtpHf;fTk;.

rHf;fiu Neha; Nfhkh ,e;epiyapy; ,d;Rypd; Kw;wpYk; Fiwe;J tpLfpwJ.

clk;gpy; ePH FiwtpdhYk; ,uj;jj;jpy; mkpy kpFjpahYk; kaf;fk; cz;lhfpwJ.

,jdhy; fPo;fz;l mwpFwpfs; njd;gLk; Rthrk; tpl rpukk;> Fkl;ly;> the;jp> mjpf fisg;G> rpWePH

mbf;fb fop;j;jy;> tapw;Wtyp> Gspg;G ehw;wj;Jld; ,Uf;Fk; Rthrk;. ,e;j mgha khWjy;fspd; gOJ gy tifapy; Neuyhk;.

rHf;fiu Neha; Nfhkh ,d;Rypd; (m) khj;jpiu rpfpr;iria kUj;Jthpd; MNyhrid ,y;yhky; jhq;fshfNt tpLjy;.

czT fl;Lg;ghl;il mDrhpf;fhjpUj;jy;.

fpUkp jhf;fk;.

rpfpr;ir Nfhkh epiyapy; cs;stHfis cldbahf

kUj;Jtkidapy; NrHj;J jPtpu rpfpr;ir nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfSf;F czT fl;Lg;ghL mtrpak; - Vd; ?

nghJthf ehk; czT mjpfkhf cz;lhYk; mjw;Nfw;wthW ,d;Rypd; fizaj;jpypUe;J Rue;J> rHf;fiuapd; msit ,uj;jj;jpy; rPuhf;Fk;. rHf;fiu NehahspfSf;F ,d;Rypd; Nghjpa mstpy; Rug;gjpy;iy. ,d;Rypd; Fiwe;J fhzg;gLtjhy; mjw;Nfw;wgb czit Fiwj;J %d;W Ntisf;F gjpy; Ie;J Ntisahf gphpj;J cz;lhy; ,d;Rypd; jd; Ntiyia nra;a VJthf ,Uf;Fk;.

rHf;fiu Neha; cs;stHfs; vt;tsT czT (fNyhhp) cz;z Ntz;Lk;

cztpypUe;J tUk; rf;jpapd; msTNfhy; jhd; “fNyhhp” vd;gjhFk;.

xU fpuhk; fhHNghi`l;Njl; cz;lhy; 4 fNyhhp rf;jpAk;>

xU fpuhk; nfhOg;G cz;lhy; 4 fNyhhp rf;jpAk; fpilf;Fk;.

ehk; cz;Zk; cztpd; msT ekJ ciog;G kw;Wk; cly; vilia nghWj;jJ.

xUtupd; rhpahd vil (IDEAL BODY WEIGHT) cauk; kw;Wk; cly; mikg;ig itj;J epHzapf;fg;gLfpwJ.

cztpd; msTk; cly; vilAk;

cztpd; msT xU ehisf;F

mjpf vil cs;stHfs; 20 Calories / Kg vil

Fiwthd vil cs;stHfs; 40 Calories / Kg vil

rhpahd vil cs;stHfs; ; 30 Calories / Kg vil.

rupahd viliatpl 20 % mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy; mjpf vil cs;stHfs;.

rupahd viliatpl 20 % Fiwthf ,Ue;jhy; Fiwe;j vil cs;stHfs;.

rhpahd vil

cztpd; mq;fq;fs;ehk; rhg;gpLk; cztpy; fhHNghi`l;Nul;> Gujk;> nfhOg;G> itl;lkpd;fs;> jhJg;nghUl;fs;> ehHnghUl;fs; kw;Wk; ePH rj;J Mfpait cs;sd.

fhHNghi`l;Nul;clYf;F Njitahd vhpnghUis nfhLf;fpwJ. ,it jhdpaq;fs; (mhprp> NfhJik> jhdpaq;fs; (mhprp> NfhJik> Nfo;tpuF> fk;G> Nrhsk;)> rHf;fiu> Njd;> [hk;> nuhl;b.> E}Ly;];Nfo;tpuF> fk;G> Nrhsk;)> rHf;fiu> Njd;> [hk;> nuhl;b.> E}Ly;]; Mfpatw;wpy; cs;sJ.

Gujk;mit cly; tsHr;rpf;Fk;> cly; rPuhf;Ftjw;Fk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. ,it ghy; kw;Wk; ghy; ghy; kw;Wk; ghy; nghUl;fs;> khkprk;> Kl;il nts;is fU> gUg;G tiffs;> jhdpaq;fs;nghUl;fs;> khkprk;> Kl;il nts;is fU> gUg;G tiffs;> jhdpaq;fs; Mfpatw;wpy; cs;sJ.

rhl;rNul;ll;/Ngl;b Mrpl; epiwe;j nfhOg;G (khkprk;> nea;> ntz;nza;> fphPk;). NkhNd md; rhl;rNul;ll;/Ngl;b Mrpl; epiwe;j nfhOg;G (flnyz;iz> ghkhapy;> Mypt;

vz;nza;). ghyp md; rhl;rNul;ll;/Ngl;b Mrpl; epiwe;j nfhOg;G (Nrhah gPd;]; vz;nza; 60%>

#hpafhe;jp vz;nza; 58%> kPd; vz;nza; 50%> ey;nyz;nza; 43%> flnyz;nza; 31%).

cztpd; mq;fq;fs; :-nfhOg;Gclypy; Nrkpj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; vhpnghUs; jhd; nfhOg;G mit vz;nza; tiffs;> Kl;il kQ;rs; vz;nza; tiffs;> Kl;il kQ;rs; fU> khkprk;> nea;> ntz;nza;>fU> khkprk;> nea;> ntz;nza;> fphPk; Mfpatw;wpy; cs;sJ. nfhOg;gpy; cs;s Ngl;b Mrpl; (Fatty Acid) tpjj;jpd; msitg; nghWj;J nfhOg;ig %d;W tifahf gphpf;fyhk;.

,uj;jj;jpy; rh;f;fiuapd; msit rPuhf itf;fpwJ. nfhy];l;uhy; msit Fiwj;J ,Uja Nehia Fiwf;fpwJ. jz;zPH <Hg;G jd;ikahy; ehHnghUs; tphptile;J

tapW epug;gpa czHit cz;lhf;Fk;. ,J cly; gUkid Fiwf;f cjTfpwJ. kyr;rpf;fiy jtpHf;Fk;. ehH nghUs; mjpfk; cz;gtHfSf;F ngUq;Fly;

Gw;WNeha; kpfTk; FiwT.

cztpd; mq;fq;fs; :-ehHnghUl;fs;cztpy; [Puzpf;f Kbahj jhtu capuZtpd; gFjpia ehHnghUs; vd;W $WfpNwhk;. Njitahd ehH nghUs; rhg;gpl;lhy; cz;lhFk; ed;ikfs;ed;ikfs;.

,uj;jj;jp;y; nfhy];l;uhiy Fiwg;gjw;F ghyp md;rhl;rNul;ll; nfhOg;G mjpfkhf cs;s vz;nza;ia gad;gLj;JtJ kpfTk; rpwe;jJ.

rhl;rNul;ll; nfhOg;G ,uj;jj;jp;y; nfhy];l;uhiy mjpfg;gLj;Jtjhy;> ,ij Fiwthf gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

jz;zPH :-

cztpd; kpf Kf;fpa mq;fk;.

cztpd; mq;fq;fs; :-

xNu khjphpahd czT rhg;gpLtjhy;; Vw;gLk; rypg;ig jtpHf;f jpdrhp cztpw;F xNu khjphpahd czT rhg;gpLtjhy;; Vw;gLk; rypg;ig jtpHf;f jpdrhp cztpw;F khw;Wg;gl;bay; nfhLf;fg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,jpy; xNu msthd fhHNghi`l;Nul;> Gujk; kw;Wk; khw;Wg;gl;bay; nfhLf;fg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,jpy; xNu msthd fhHNghi`l;Nul;> Gujk; kw;Wk; nfhOg;G cs;s czT tiffs; jdpj;jdpahf gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.nfhOg;G cs;s czT tiffs; jdpj;jdpahf gphpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

cjhuzkhf jpdrhp NkhH gUfp ntWg;G mile;jhy; mjw;F khw;whf Ntnwhd;W Ntz;Lnkdpy; cjhuzkhf jpdrhp NkhH gUfp ntWg;G mile;jhy; mjw;F khw;whf Ntnwhd;W Ntz;Lnkdpy; ghy; khw;Wg; gl;baypUe;J cs;s NtW czit cz;zyhk;.ghy; khw;Wg; gl;baypUe;J cs;s NtW czit cz;zyhk;.

czT khw;Wg; gl;bay;

fha;fwp khw;Wg; gl;bay;

jz;Lf;fPiu

Riuf;fha;

Kl;ilNfh];

ntz;ilf;fha;

fhypgpstH

khq;fha;

gg;ghspf;fha;

nte;jaf;fPiu

nts;shpf;fha;

thiog;g+

griyf;fPiu

Nfhitf;fha;

Ks;sq;fp

g+rzpf;fha;

KUq;iff;fha;

gPHf;fq;fha;

ghfw;fha;

E}y;Nfhy;

Glyq;fha;

jf;fhsp

fj;jhpf;fha;

fha;fwp khw;Wg; gl;bay;,e;j fha;fwpfspy; fhHNghi`l;Nul; kw;Wk; fNyhhp ,e;j fha;fwpfspy; fhHNghi`l;Nul; kw;Wk; fNyhhp msT kpfTk; FiwT. vdNt ,jid mstpd;wp tpUg;gg;gb msT kpfTk; FiwT. vdNt ,jid mstpd;wp tpUg;gg;gb cz;zyhk;.cz;zyhk;.

gPl;&l;gPl;&l; 75 fp75 fp

Nful;Nful; 105 fp105 fp

ntq;fhak; (ng)ntq;fhak; (ng) 90 fp90 fp

mtiuf;fha;mtiuf;fha; 90 fp90 fp

ntq;fhak; (rp)ntq;fhak; (rp) 60 fp60 fp

fha;fwp khw;Wg; gl;bay;,e;j fha;fwpfspy; fhHNghi`l;Nul; kw;Wk; fNyhhp ,e;j fha;fwpfspy; fhHNghi`l;Nul; kw;Wk; fNyhhp rw;W mjpfkhf cs;sjhy; msthf rhg;gpLtJ ey;yJ.rw;W mjpfkhf cs;sjhy; msthf rhg;gpLtJ ey;yJ.

nfhj;jtuq;fha;nfhj;jtuq;fha; 90 fp90 fp

gl;lhzpgl;lhzp 45 fp45 fp

thiof;fha;thiof;fha; 75 fp75 fp

cUisfpoq;FcUisfpoq;F 45 fp45 fp

rHf;fiuts;spf; rHf;fiuts;spf; fpoq;Ffpoq;F 30 fp30 fp

jhdpa khw;Wg; gl;bay;30 fpuhk; fk;G> ghHyp> Nrhsk;> kf;fhNrhsk;> Nfo;tuF> NfhJik> 30 fpuhk; fk;G> ghHyp> Nrhsk;> kf;fhNrhsk;> Nfo;tuF> NfhJik> uit> mty; Nghd;w jhdpaq;fs; cz;gjhy; 100 fNyhhpfs; fpilf;Fk;;;. ,jpy; uit> mty; Nghd;w jhdpaq;fs; cz;gjhy; 100 fNyhhpfs; fpilf;Fk;;;. ,jpy; 20 fpuhk; fhHNghi`l;Nul;Lk; 2 fpuhk; GujKk; cs;sJ.20 fpuhk; fhHNghi`l;Nul;Lk; 2 fpuhk; GujKk; cs;sJ.

ghjk; gUg;Gghjk; gUg;G 15 15 fpuhk;fpuhk; ntz;nza;ntz;nza; 15 15

fpuhk;fpuhk;

Ke;jphpg;gUKe;jphpg;gUg;Gg;G

20 20 fpuhk;fpuhk; Njq;fha;Njq;fha; 30 30

fpuhk;fpuhk;

nea;> nea;> td];gjptd];gjp

11 11 fpuhk;fpuhk;

NtHf;fliy NtHf;fliy (tWj;jJ)(tWj;jJ)

20 20 fpuhk;fpuhk;

flnyz;nza;flnyz;nza; 11 11 fpuhk;fpuhk; gp];jhgp];jh 15 15

fpuhk;fpuhk;

nfhOg;G khw;Wg; gl;bay;

khkpr czT khw;Wg; gl;bay;

Nfhopf;fwp cz;Zk; NghJ Njhy; ePf;fk; Nfhopf;fwp cz;Zk; NghJ Njhy; ePf;fk; nra;tJ ey;yJ. nra;tJ ey;yJ. (,jpy; mjpf nfhOg;G (,jpy; mjpf nfhOg;G cs;sjhy;).cs;sjhy;).

Ml;biwr;rpMl;biwr;rp 67 fpuhk;67 fpuhk;

khl;biwr;rpkhl;biwr;rp 70 fpuhk;70 fpuhk;

gd;wpgd;wp 70 fpuhk;70 fpuhk;

Nfhopf;fwpNfhopf;fwp 73 fpuhk;73 fpuhk;

Kl;ilKl;il 45 fpuhk;45 fpuhk;

ghy; khw;Wg; gl;bay; ,jpy; 5 fpuhk; Gujk; cs;sJ.,jpy; 5 fpuhk; Gujk; cs;sJ. 100 fNyhhp rf;jp nfhLf;Fk;.100 fNyhhp rf;jp nfhLf;Fk;.

ghy; tifghy; tif msTmsTNkhHNkhH 750 kp.yp.750 kp.yp.

japHjapH 210 fpuhk;210 fpuhk;

rP];rP]; 30 fpuhk;30 fpuhk;

NfhthNfhth 30 fpuhk;30 fpuhk;

vUikg;ghy;vUikg;ghy; 90 fpuhk;90 fpuhk;

gRk;ghy;gRk;ghy; 180 fpuhk;180 fpuhk;

Mil vLf;fg;glhj ghy;Mil vLf;fg;glhj ghy; 260 fpuhk;260 fpuhk;

Mil vLf;fg;gl;l ghy;Mil vLf;fg;gl;l ghy; 30 fpuhk;30 fpuhk;

gok; khw;Wg; gl;bay; ,jpy; 10 fpuhk; ,jpy; 10 fpuhk; fhHNghi`l;Nul;fhHNghi`l;Nul; cs;sJ.cs;sJ. ,jpy; 50 fNyhhp rf;jp nfhLf;Fk;.,jpy; 50 fNyhhp rf;jp nfhLf;Fk;.

gok;gok; msT msT fpuhk;fpuhk; vz;zpf;ifvz;zpf;if

ney;ypf;fha;ney;ypf;fha; 9090 20 (e)20 (e)

Mg;gps;Mg;gps; 7575 1 (rp)1 (rp)

thiog;gok;thiog;gok; 3030 ¼ (e)¼ (e)

Nghpr;rk;goNghpr;rk;gok;k;

3030 3 (e)3 (e)

rPjhg;gok;rPjhg;gok; 5050 ¼ (e)¼ (e)

jpuhl;irjpuhl;ir 105105 20 (e)20 (e)

nfha;ahgok;nfha;ahgok; 100100 1 (e)1 (e)

gok; khw;Wg; gl;bay;

gok;gok; msT msT fpuhk;fpuhk; vz;zpf;ifvz;zpf;if

gyhg;gok;gyhg;gok; 6060 3 Jz;Lfs; (e)3 Jz;Lfs; (e)

ehty;gok;ehty;gok; 5050 10 (ng)10 (ng)

vYkpr;rk;gokvYkpr;rk;gok;;

9090 1 (e)1 (e)

MuQ;RMuQ;R 9090 1 (e)1 (e)

Kyhk;gok;Kyhk;gok; 270270 ¼ (e)¼ (e)

khk;gok;khk;gok; 7070 ½ (e)½ (e)

gg;ghspgg;ghsp 120120 2 Jz;Lfs; (e)2 Jz;Lfs; (e)

khJsk;gok;khJsk;gok; 7575 1 (rp)1 (rp)

rhj;Jf;Fbrhj;Jf;Fb 150150 1 (rp)1 (rp)

gok; khw;Wg; gl;bay;

gok;gok; msT msT fpuhk;fpuhk; vz;zpf;ifvz;zpf;if

jf;fhspg;gok;jf;fhspg;gok; 240240 4 (e)4 (e)

rg;Nghl;lhrg;Nghl;lh 5050 1 (e)1 (e)

jHg+rzpjHg+rzp 175175 ¼ (e)¼ (e)

ng - nghpaJng - nghpaJ e - eLj;juk;e - eLj;juk; rp - rpwpaJrp - rpwpaJ

,dpg;Gk; rHf;fiu NehAk; ,dpg;G tpUk;GNthH fhgp> B> ghy; Mfpatw;wpy; nraw;if rHf;fiu tiffs; gad;gLj;jyhk;. M];gHNlk; ( Equal ) rhf;fhpd; ( Sweetex ) ghahrk; Ntz;Lk; vd;why; nraw;if rHf;fiu tif NrHj;J rikf;fyhk;. ghrpg;gUg;G = 25 fpuhk; ghy; = 60 kpy;yp ypl;lH Vyf;fha; = 2 nraw;if rHf;fiu = 5

ghrpg;gUg;ig ePhpy; Njitahd Neuk; Cw itj;J gpd; Ntfitj;J> ghy;> ghrpg;gUg;ig ePhpy; Njitahd Neuk; Cw itj;J gpd; Ntfitj;J> ghy;> Vyf;fha; Ntfitj;J gpwF nraw;if rHf;fiu khj;jpiuia fyf;fTk;. ,g;NghJ Vyf;fha; Ntfitj;J gpwF nraw;if rHf;fiu khj;jpiuia fyf;fTk;. ,g;NghJ rHf;fiuapd; msT ,uj;jj;jpy; mjpfkhfhj ghahrk; jahH.rHf;fiuapd; msT ,uj;jj;jpy; mjpfkhfhj ghahrk; jahH.

NfhJikapy; jahhpj;j czT rHf;fiuapd; msit NfhJikapy; jahhpj;j czT rHf;fiuapd; msit Fiwf;fpwJ vd;gJ jtwhd fUj;J.Fiwf;fpwJ vd;gJ jtwhd fUj;J.

jhdpa msTjhdpa msT jhdpak;jhdpak; rf;jp rf;jp (fNyhhp)(fNyhhp)

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; fk;Gfk;G 361361

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; Nrhsk;Nrhsk; 355355

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; Nfo;tuFNfo;tuF 328328

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; mhprpmhprp 345345

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; [t;thprp[t;thprp 351351

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; uituit 348348

100 fpuhk;100 fpuhk; NfhJikNfhJik 341341,it midj;JNk Vwf;Fiwa xNu msthd fNyhhp (rf;jpia) jhd; nfhLf;fpwJ. ,it midj;JNk Vwf;Fiwa xNu msthd fNyhhp (rf;jpia) jhd; nfhLf;fpwJ. vdNt NfhJikia kl;Lk; rhg;gpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w fl;lhak; ,y;iy. ve;j tifahd vdNt NfhJikia kl;Lk; rhg;gpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w fl;lhak; ,y;iy. ve;j tifahd jhdpakhf ,Ue;jhYk; msthf cz;z Ntz;Lk;.jhdpakhf ,Ue;jhYk; msthf cz;z Ntz;Lk;.