rk-5gprsfinal-090831111330-phpapp01 (1)
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General Packet Radio ServiceGeneral Packet Radio Service(GPRS)(GPRS)
A new Dimension to Wireless A new Dimension to Wireless
CommunicationCommunication
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Contents of PresentationContents of PresentationGPRS and its Features
GPRS Network ArchitectureGPRS Protocol ArchitectureGPRS ack!one NetworkGPRS interworkin" with #$ternal Network
Call routin" in GPRSSession %ana"ement in GPRS &ocation %ana"ement in GPRS%o!ilit' %ana"ement in GPRS
&o"ical Channels of GPRSGPRS Alications
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Constraints with e$istin"Constraints with e$istin"
networknetwork Data Rates too slow * a!out +,- k!s
Connection setu time too lon"
.nefficient resource utili/ation for !urst'
traffic
Proves e$ensive for !urst' traffic
utili/ation No efficient method for acket transfers
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Comarison of GS% 0Comarison of GS% 0
GPRSGPRS
GSM GPRSData Rates 9.6 Kbps 14.4 to 115.2
Kbps
Modulation
Technique
GMSK GMSK
illin! Du"ation o#connection
$%ount o#data
t"ans#e""edT&pe o#'onnection
'i"cuit ( S)itchedTechnolo!&
Pac*et +S)itched
Technolo!&
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GPRS in .ND.AGPRS in .ND.A
P& %o!ileharti Cellular
1utchison %a$1utchison #ssar .dea Cellular
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What is GPRS 2What is GPRS 2
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is anew !earer service for GS% that "reatl'
imroves and simlifies wireless access to
acket data networks
GPRS alies acket radio rincial to
transfer user data ackets in an efficient wa'
!3w %S 0 e$ternal acket data network
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enefits of GPRSenefits of GPRS
New Data Services
1i"h Seed (Data Rate 45,5 * 446 k!s)
#fficient use of radio !andwith (Statistical%ultile$in")
Circuit switchin" 0 Packet Switchin" can !e
used in arallelConstant connectivit'
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Statistical %ultile$in"Statistical %ultile$in"
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Salient Features of GPRSSalient Features of GPRS
.mortant ste on the ath to 7GStandardi/ed !' #8S.GPRS is an overla' network over the GS%
Provides Data Packet deliver' serviceSuort for leadin" internet communication
rotocolsillin" !ased on volume of data transferred9tili/es e$istin" GS% authentication and
rivac' rocedures,
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1i"h Data Rate1i"h Data Rate
GPRS uses radio channel i,e, :;; k1/ wideRadio channel carries di"ital data stream of
:<4 k!s
8his rate is divided into = time slots eachcarr'in" 75 k!s er time slot
Data rate 45 k!s er time slot achieved after
correctionsGPRS can com!ine uto = time slots "ivin"
data rate of 445 k!s
GPRS S i
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GPRS ServicesGPRS Services
>ffers end?to?end acket switched data transfer
Bearer Services
P8P ? Point?8o?Point service (C&NS mode)
P8% ? Point?8o?%ultioint service(C>NS %ode)
P8%?% %ulticast service
P8%?G Grou call service
Supplementary Services S%SShort %essa"e Service
CF9 Call Forwardin" 9nconditional
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GPRS Services (Contd,)GPRS Services (Contd,)
CFNRc Call Forwardin" on mo!ile su!scri!ernot reacha!le
C9G Closed 9ser Grou
8ele action@ access to data !ases Quality of Service
GPRS allows definin" oS rofiles
Service recedence@ relia!ilit'@ dela'@throu"hut
G S
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GPRS 8erminalsGPRS 8erminals Class A
* %S suorts simultaneous oeration ofGPRS and GS% services
Class B * %S a!le to re"ister with the n3w for !oth
GPRS 0 GS% services simultaneousl',.t can onl' use one of the two servicesat a "iven time,
Class C? %S can attach for either GPRS or GS%services
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GPRS Network #lementsGPRS Network #lements
GPRS Architecture is same as GS% e$cet
few hardware modifications B
GPRS includes GSNs
SGSN B Servin" GPRS SuortNode
GGSN B Gatewa' GPRS Suort
Node
GPRS Re"ister
GS% SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#
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GS% SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#
MS
TS
PST,-SD,PD,SC
SC
%SC3&R
%S
%S
8S
8S
G%SC
#.R
A9C
1&R
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GPRS SS8#% ARC1.8#C89R#
BSC
SGSN
MS
BTS
BTS
Other
GPRS
PLMN
GGSN
PDN
Gb
Gd
Gp
Gn
Gf
Gs
Gc
GGSN
EIRHR!G"RS
Re#ister
$SC%&R
'
S$S(G$SCS$S(IN$SC
Gi
Gr
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.nterfaces.nterfaces
G! * Connects SC with SGSN
Gn * SGSN * SGSN3GGSN (in the samenetwork)
G * SGSN *GGSN (in different networks)
Gf * For eEuiment Euer'in" at re"isterin"timeGi * Connects P&%N with e$ternal Packet
Data Networks (PDNs)
Gr * 8o e$chan"e 9ser rofile !etween 1&R0 SGSN
Gs * 8o e$chan"e Data!ase !etweenSGSN 0 %SC
Gd * .nterface !etween S%S 0 GPRS
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SGSN * Servin" GPRSSGSN * Servin" GPRS
Suort NodeSuort Node Delivers data ackets to mo!ile stations 0 vice?
versa
Detect and Re"ister new GPRS %S in its servin"
area
Packet Routin"@ 8ransfer 0 %o!ilit' %ana"ement
Authentication@ %aintainin" user rofiles
.ts location re"ister stores location info, 0 userrofiles
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GGSN * Gatewa' GPRSGGSN * Gatewa' GPRS
Suort NodeSuort Node .nterfaces GPRS !ack!one network 0 e$ternal acket data
networks
Converts the GPRS ackets from SGSN to the PDP format
Converts PDP addresses chan"e to GS% addresses of the
destination user
Stores the current SGSN address and rofile of the user in
its location re"ister
Performs authentication
%an'?to? man' relations amon" SGSNs 0 GGSNs
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GPRS Re"ister GPRS Re"ister
GPRS Re"ister is inte"rated with GS%?1&R,
%aintains the GPRS su!scri!er data and
Routin" information,Stores current SGSN address
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GPRS ack!one NetworkGPRS ack!one Network
GSNs are connected throu"h .P !ased !ack!one
8wo ack!onesB
* .ntra P&%N !ack!one networks that connectsGSNs of the same P&%N 0 are rivate .Pnetworks
* .nter P&%N !ack!one networks that connectsGSNs of the different P&%N, Roamin" a"reementis necessar'
GPRS 8unnelin" rotocol (G8P)
P&%N? .nter P&%N interconnect are called order"atewa's (erforms securit' functions to rotect.ntra? P&%N !ack!one a"ainst unauthori/ed usersand attacks),
G"RS BAC)B*NE NET+*R)
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G"RS BAC)B*NE NET+*R)
inter?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
#$ternal Packet
Data Network (PDN)
intra?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
intra?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
PLMN1
PLMN2
SGSN
SGSNSGSN
GGSNGGSN
order"atewa'
order
"atewa'
Gp
Gn
Gi
Gn
Gn
BTSBTS
BSCBSC
Host
Router AN
$S
Gi
Gn
GnGp
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Protocol StackProtocol Stack
GS$ R,
SN'C"
I" % -./0
Application
1m GnGb
$AC
RC
C
I" % -./0
GT"
2
/
C
GS$ R,
,rame
Relay
$AC
RC BSSG"
2bis
BSSG"
,rame
Relay
C
SN'C" GT"
2bis 2
/
I"
$S BSS 3"C14 SGSN GGSN Gi
I"
1'"%
TC"
1'"%
TC"
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SNDCP ? Su! Network DeendentSNDCP ? Su! Network Deendent
Conver"ence ProtocolConver"ence Protocol9sed to transfer data ackets !etween SGSN
and %S
%ultile$in" of several connections ofnetwork la'er onto one lo"ical connection ofunderl'in" &&C la'er
Comression and decomression of userdata and header information
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Data &ink la'er Data &ink la'er
Divided into two su! la'ers B
&&C la'er (!etween %S?SGSN)
R&C3%AC (!etween %S?SS)
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&&C?&o"ical &ink Control&&C?&o"ical &ink Control
#sta!lishes hi"hl' relia!le lo"ical link
!etween %S 0 its assi"ned SGSN
Works either in acknowled"ed or
unacknowled"ed modes
Data confidentialit' is ensured !' ciherin"
functions
R&C3%AC &R&C3%AC &
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R&C3%AC &a'er R&C3%AC &a'er Radio &ink Control(R&C)
#sta!lish a relia!le link !etween %S 0 SS Se"mentation and reassem!l' of &&C framesinto R&C data !locks
%edium Access Control(%AC)
Controls access attemts of an %S on radiochannels shared !' several %Ss
#mlo's al"os, for contention resolution@multiuser multile$in" on PD8C1
oth ack and unack, %odes of oeration aresuorted in R&C3%AC la'er
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Ph'sical &a'er Ph'sical &a'er
Divided into two su! la'ers B Ph'sical &ink &a'er (P&&) Ph'sical RF &a'er (RF&)
P&& * Provides a h'sical channel !etween %Sand SS Channel codin"@ interleavin"@ detection of
h'sical link con"estion
RF& ? >erates !elow P&&
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SSGP?(SS GPRSSSGP?(SS GPRS
Alication Protocol) Alication Protocol)
Delivers routin" 0 ualit' of Servicerelated information !etween SS and
SGSN
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G8P * GPRS 8unnelin"G8P * GPRS 8unnelin"
ProtocolProtocolG8P tunnels user data ackets and related
si"nalin" information !etween GSNs
Si"nalin" is used to create@ modif' and deletetunnels
Defined !oth at Gn and G interface
elow G8P@ 8CP or 9DP are emlo'ed to
transort the G8P Packets within !ack!one
network
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.nter workin" with .P.nter workin" with .P
networksnetworks
GPRS n3w can !e interconnected with an .P?
!ased acket data network
GPRS suorts !oth .Pv5 and .Pv-
GPRS n3w looks like .P su! network and
GGSN looks like a .P router
D1CP@ DNS servers are installed
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GPRS *.nternet ConnectionGPRS *.nternet Connection
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CA&& R>98.NGCA&& R>98.NG
D$T$ '$ /RG-,$T-,G
D$T$ '$ T0RM-,$T-,G
'ATA CA R*1TING
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'ATA CA R*1TING
inter?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
#$ternal Packet
data network(PDN)
.ntra?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
intra?P&%N
GPRS !ack!one
PLMN1
PLMN2
SGSN
SGSNSGSN
GGSNGGSN
order"atewa'
order
"atewa'
Gp
Gn
Gi
Gn
Gn
BTSBTS
BSCBSC
Host
Router LAN
$S
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S#SS.>N %ANAG#%#N8 .NS#SS.>N %ANAG#%#N8 .NGPRSGPRS
0
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Attachment 0 Detachment Attachment 0 Detachment
ProcedureProcedureG"RS attac5
? 9ser is re"istered in SGSN@ after authentication checkfrom 1&R
? SGSN assi"ns P?8%S. to %S
G"RS detac5? Disconnection of %S from GPRS network is called
GPRS detach
? .t can !e initiated !' %S or !' network(SGSN or 1&R)
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Session %ana"ementSession %ana"ement
%o!ile Station alies for PDP addressFor each session "'" conte6t is created 0 it
contains *PDP t'e
*PDP addressed assi"ned to %S * Address of GGSN that servers access oint
to PDN
With active PDP conte$t %S a!le to send orreceive data ackets
Allocation of PDP address can !e static or d'namic
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PDP Conte$t ActivationPDP Conte$t Activation
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&>CA8.>N %ANAG#%#N8&>CA8.>N %ANAG#%#N8
.N GPRS.N GPRS
St t % d l f GPRS %SSt t % d l f GPRS %S
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State %odel of GPRS %SState %odel of GPRS %S
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&ocation %ana"ement&ocation %ana"ement
%o!ile station can !e in 4 of the 7 states
deendin" on traffic amount
* Idle B %S is not usin" GPRS service
* Ready B Performin" GPRS Attach@
%S "ets into R#AD State
* Standby B When %S does not send an'ackets for lon"er eriod of time@
Read' timer #$ires
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Routin" Area 9dateRoutin" Area 9date
GS% &ocation Area(&A) is divided intoseveral Routin" Areas(RA)
RA consists of several cells
SGSN is informed when %S moves to a newRA
%S sends a Routin" Area 9date ReEuest
to its assi"ned SGSN
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8'es of Routin" Area8'es of Routin" Area
9date9date .ntra SGSN Routin" Area 9date
.nter SGSN Routin" Area 9date
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Routin" Area 9dateRoutin" Area 9date
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%o!ilit' %ana"ement%o!ilit' %ana"ement
Consists of two levelsB
%icro mo!ilit' mana"ement B
? 8racks the current RA or cell of %S
? .t is erformed !' SGSN
%acro mo!ilit' mana"ement B
? Hee tracks of %SIs current SGSN
? Stores it in 1&R@ &R@ and GGSN
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Channels in GPRSChannels in GPRS
o!ical 'hannel
( T"a##ic 'hannels
( Si!nalin! 'hannels 'ont"ol 'hannels
Ph&sical 'hannels
&o"ical Channels&o"ical Channels
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&o"ical Channels&o"ical ChannelsGroup C5a nne l ,unction 'ire ction
Packet datatraffic
channel
PD8C1 Data traffic %S SS
Packet
!roadcast
control
channel
PCC1 roadcast
control
%S SS
PRAC1 Random
access
%S SS
PAGC1 Access
"rant
%S SS
PPC1 Pa"in" %S SSPNC1 Notification %S SS
PACC1 Associated
control
%S SS
P8CC1 8imin"
advancecontrol
%S SS
Packet
common
control
channel
(PCCC1)
Packet
dedicated
control
channels
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Packet Data Channel(PDC1)Packet Data Channel(PDC1)
Ph'sical Channel for GPRS 8rafficPDC1 are taken from all channels availa!le
in the cellDeendin" on current traffic load and riorit'of service@ the h'sical channel are allocatedto either GPRS or GS% services,
Ph'sical channels not currentl' used !' GS%can !e allocated as PDC1 to increase the>S for GPRS
%ultiframe Structure of%ultiframe Structure of
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%ultiframe Structure of%ultiframe Structure of
PDC1PDC1
Four consecutive TDMA frame forms one !oc" # B$ % B11T&o TDMA frames for transmission of PT''H # T
T&o ()!e frames # *
illiilli
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illin"illin"
GGSN
MS'
PSTN
BS'
SGSNGPRS
Net&or"
'har+in+ Gate&a,
Me)iation
MS'
Bi!!in+
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Alications of GPRS Alications of GPRS
We! !rowsin"
Cororate 0 .nternet #mail
ehicle Positionin"
Remote &AN Access
1ome Automation
Document Sharin"3Colla!orative
workin"