~ i l u ~ n n u u h i i n i s d n n ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ f i n q w d ~ ~ I b b u u n i a d n n a o ~ ! u a : u u i ~ i d.d .,

(~dgirne parlementairel ~cl:~nqui~ud7:~~~~~3~~3au~~da:bnnbiflY~iu d ~ i ? u d wu~ua~a'~aaau\guiainda tbw& (~outumea) ucl:npvluiunaruai RsI!?~ a'paaulg

~o~o jnqwt~n iu ian~~ f l~ ' b&4 iu l ~ ~ n i ~ m ~ ~ n p v l u i u ~ a a u ~ i u i ~ ~ f l ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ u n " ~ w " u ~ w ~

~ ~ o ! ~ ~ ~ i ! o ! u ~ i u c l t ~ t u a ~ ~ ~ n n ~ ~ " u n i ~ l i j ~ J L O U ~ F ~ Q L ~ I J A ~ I B U ! ~ ~o~niadnnsa~!ua:uoudat"1115d'bmum:a'umn n"n*rsnaiu~~aqwclii~i'bua:uunia~do~

Y o~finqwkdataunaiudiba"o~~~

m q ~ ~ ~ o 9 ~ a i ~ h ~ i o u s r d ~ ~ ~ n i d 1 d o 9 ~ 9 n q p 1 Q d Y l n~ iu insau n ~ w w ~ ~ u i o ~ ~ n i a f f d a ~ ~ ~ w K ~ n q w ~ ~ u ~ n ~ : d~v i i l ~ i l i i nn2 iu~n

niGnfluo~aiRmiua~au~iG n a o a ~ u n i a o ~ i ~ u n ' p a w i ~ w ~ ~ u i n2iuii~iadnti2uw:~ A A ~ i i ~ o i n n i a ~ a j n ~ w ~ ~ w " n ~ ~ a i u w a o i i "n~nsiuibu5" aclrvii~'bnclainniaitwmnir

da:ma!u~bnunid i~uni~do~i~~o~oimi~nuobu^an'edn"b~ub~u~u'buui~di~~i~~w'~~u

a ~ i i ~ ~ . a ~ i u 9 d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ % i ? b j n ~ ~ ~ ~ 2 ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ d ! ~ ~ 2 i ~ ~ i b ~ ~ ~aojuoin

QUQR (Sir Maurice Amos) ndi~~~nu~jn~wdi~~pa~ma'n~abd~~d!~mniw, iin2iu'bd

~mndi;l~!unaiu~auomw, ~nisw~u~Kn~ainiw, aouda-%Jaruou, ~ i l u f l ~ i i ~ n p ~ n m 6 , Olao A ~niaw!uuaawy~w ndiihucrld a~~~nqwb~u~uclnwa:da'n!uda~bw~n~~udobuod

A uclzwf~uo(bruona:da'uiFabod ~~~ii~i~finq~:iiKnumta'nnniY'u~rii~~ri ~dn"mh.rodiunh'b~au'bd!Cn'~w

~~n~iuiiabbuuoya'nd~uuoei~~bbnu da:~nnojnqw~uds:~~wbbandiin'mon'~mf~o~ It: o, A * aniquulil m ~ ~ r d n.w. I 91 I ucl:!u n.w. I 949 auns:n'j!uilog& nmyuu~~riivluin~du

(1)lI~i711Zt:l~UU~UQ07n ~ n d r 6 Hauriou et Jean Gicquel, Drolt Constitutionnel et Institutions Politlquea, 7e

idition, Edition Montchrestien, Paris, 1980, pp.387-445.

(2)Ljs:inu~nqutduds:~nudduttuuou'i~~~~nisn~n~~~~~~uuY1nadtuu lunic~dttuuni~nis~doJ luni~tus~giio

(d~nu~Plsinnssutii~Y'unn'~nm?ss~d 18) gduuuni~#iui?wi 6duAu

4.1 ~a'nrnrrii~qroarzup~niaidoa~anqp~ .rtuuni.rbdo~&n~vai~3in~iuo~d~auflatno~1~aiu~au n h a l o n i s d o n k ~

It: uclc(~tonn* ~ t u u a a ~ w ~ m , q a n i , n o l t i p u u n i aarani l iuqaini . r

U d L d r n d i a l o aniywwi~rTJd3tnou6au aui5ndui~inu3mnnnnom~aouaiatnaomsasa~ rl w a # l u u m r n d s t y u d ~ i p 0 u n l m s s u ~ n ~ i n J n i . r ~ i i a J l u ~ o J d u u n u i n u o ~ + i o n b ~ q r i i

i awiau lun i . r lon& a u i 5 n u o ~ a n i a i u i y un~?'ulun~&ni3a~datviuG(1)

S d I 4 i (')lurndl:%ffirrsli m ~ ~ 4 d ~ : n i u ' l 1 u ~ o 4 i ~ ~ n o " n ~ ~ ~ 1 Ulster fiofllRu61niio) luo 8 Buinu 1073 (Le Monde, S d d d l o duinu 1879) 1~~(1~ni~tdo~'1:n"u~ijninn"dni~~~d'1:ni~2d~~Giwnni~nu 4'nvuwnnosl1tn:~1 Pays de Galles

do I Buinu lore lu#iuuluuiur:(iuni d~:niullGi~"$ut~o s i i~uiuu 10,s du?8uni~mnmn~1uni1t~i *

, tdunui7n~oadr:ninu~l~d

56 LW 202 (H)

(3) ~ruunniaonA : ~~m.r661nrinu&u~ (Le mode de scrutin)

d a : r n n & n 9 w ' b h : u u n ~ ~ ~ ~ o n $ ~ ~ ~ u u ~ ~ ~ ~ $ ~ ~ u ~ n a a u u 45 A lu orl~ndi?n~anaru:n"3ld naomau.nua:~ua~u:ecad~&iiu~~natuu~~~nk~

4 ( i ) i i40~r i i50 i~ar~ i ;~~1~i l i e r e 1E;iinanuiun'inuol~::~~Ronk~~~uu "One man, One votev ~~W. iu io1nn3 iu

1nuoninuo~~nnudoni3L'1onA"~ A (2)d~:nnojnqu~An'inun1~nno~y@~~7~~onA"~~u 18 il luo n . ~ . i eee 1rn:uod~n~iui l lR~1~o~uo~u1uni~uu~~

llfiffPt~ltlunfJl13n ~ u ~ n u o J u l J Margaret Thatcher ~nj~ inn13~donA"~r i j~d1io 3 Wt'p'Ilnu 1973

L W 202 (H) 57

ntbLUM (la pluralitddes voix) ( ~ U ~ ~ ~ ~ O J ~ U L Q J ~ 1 ~ 7 ~ ~ ~ t ~ L L / d ~ ? l ~ b ~ ~ ' u 6 d ~ l % l ~ ~ ~ L ~ R Q ~ 'i a da Y di3 ~u~awi t~uon~ iu~amuuu~a in~a ie r 'bmu~~qwanan odidsfimiu seuunisTim

u d ntbbuub~u~bruu~iusu'i~b~inaau~Ger~ . n " i ~ ~ u ~ ' b ~ u ~ ~ z n ~ n i a ~ ~ L / ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ m o o n ~ O u a o ~ d i a

aataiu~snn'~-.n'o~~~~m~ieru'iduin.u~~ani~~azdiu~i~uin.u~~a'~uia '4 0: ~~riuounqn a ~ ~ ~ c i n.n. 1922 i i d n.n. 1935 ojnrlvdstuuddun-h

0: d stuuayuwssn (le tripartisme) fiipiawna slo~inuuwsannssunan"~u"i'bd~~~unwaan d c r w r a i h u ~dowssnnssana~U"iai~~nudwaan~a~~eru a~ua~~~nu~ouf lJJ t~5wa~uan i

~ l n ~ ~ u l ~ ~ f i l l b d ~ l ~ n ~ ~ ~ u a ! James Callaahan (dLhli1 Pacte Lib-Lab) l.bdu~%~?l~LGu 'i d E' 'i n"~i3uo'u~#oua~ ~uounis~lonm~~uo~uniwUud 1974 wsmbriiruu Ibinzuuugin 7.596

d crw ~ d o i i ~ u i w 1970 ~ i l u i9!396 n(ii?iincu~ud uyLLnunn s mtrihr 14 nu uc i~ukd~~ci~mu

(')n?ndn.n1#onk41~0'4n~~, nilamiimuli, Pays des Galles 1 m e b l a h m d ~ ~ ~ n 1 z Y ' ~ r 0 ~ n ' ~ 1 n 1 c n ~ ~ ~ ~ ^ a e ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ e : A

(boundary commissions) r~a~n?u~bCoi~~uo~d~:n?unn'1ff?u'ry

( 1 ) n r m ~ i i i u u ~ ~ Q n ~ ~ r i ~ o o n ~ ~ n ~ a ~ n ~ ~ ~ i o ~ ~ w q n ~ o ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ ~ r r n * n o M. Jeremy Thorpe bu*~ 1010 nlulnSo ' X d

M. David Steel ~ d r ~ n ~ d q n ~ r ~ u u w o n l w n n ~ d o u ~ 1

LW 202 (H)

I

ii(n'nsh~riuii illa33upuo~aj iiaiu f i 6 ~ d # n ~ ~ ~ a d u ~ ~ n l 3 d n f l 3 0 9 6 ? ~ aduuunisdnn.ro~ojnqw'bauk7~nlaniin"a

n?iuwuiuii 19uijuiauo~nnr:ijuwni B~ril~un?iu-ai~ uciCnqnprirnisnh?rYui1

~ ~ u i ~ u i a u o ~ w ~ ~ n n i ~ ~ f l ~ ~ l u ~ t w ~ i ~ o i ~ v o ~ a n i d u q(2) P: a 0 a 4 6duu -a~oi~Bu&os4in~win~nui n ~ i u ~ u W ' p s ~ ~ ~ c ~ w ~ ~ a r u ~ u i n u o ~ w 3 ~ n

nis~iiotojnqw ~jdoldd

d n. n r r i r o w ' I ' I c m n ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ n q ~ ~ ~fluiuouiuCunL?ldii ' n i . rudduunbu?n~iutm~odai?~~nq~~~f,

P- d ~9uno.sihu '~~u#~un'cla?.r3wd i 7 nfioinnisdg?a ~uo n.cl. i 648 ~~andoiini~anidui u P rd . r tuuaa~~~nr i~ iQnf a i a ~ m ~ ~ o ~ ~ n ~ a a u a ~ w a ~ b ~ i a i a f d a o ~ u ' u n ~ ~ ~ ' t i a d b d n.n.

Id $dl

1660 ucin?iu~id nisbb~~bbunn?iutmn^a~sJ'~oinynv~dni~d~~~ (La ~ B o r r n e ) bbaumno R'naocruo~n~iulElu&a~n'e~cTi~ui w ~ n ~ y i ~ ~ u u ~ a u m i a ~ r ~ 9 u R a ~ n'usruu

U Pa nu~.rnriryi'tni3ia5~n~awdo~anuaaa3u u a wqndiunliaid~Cuayua'mEd5n'a ~~a:dn~o~Qn~~o~nwaaunubwdo

niiijluia A i ruo~~aiwidd tsiinia~~d~~~un~fluw7n3nf (whigsl LLa:w?nno3 (tariesl i

A' qun3rk~n~~s:niwa~nm S 1648 nJ 1688 i i I ~ o ~ w ~ n ~ ~ ~ i i i . m ~ ~ b e i u ~ m i h u i n ~ u a ~ u d

A%.

o. r r.rP u a* d nlm.ruuaoii w?nno< (toriesl 'on4iuau~~fluw~naCuayu1nida6iunwaau atd.rtnou 3.r d ~ i u w 7 n ~ u u i ~ ~ d i u a ~ d ~ u r i o i i i w~nuuaoii i n i cwhigs)

n i s u d ~ 1 1 u n n ? i u ~ m b ~ u u o ~ a i ? ~ n q a ~ u . r r u : b ~ u 6 ~ ~ d d ~ ~ u P:

3 ,

~6u?~adn'uuu?n?iu~m~unidaunu 1uuda:w33nni.rk~odo:~aua"ubbwu~nau#uo J oun.rmlJ~do~?lmiiwaannaauna i ~ ~ f uu'ni.rndi?~~ "aua"u"

(')sir Ivor Jenning ndi2ji 6 ' n i ~ ~ - , d n u i ~ ~ 5 " P l i ~ 5 u y c L I o ' ~ n q ~ d ~ P ~ u ~ d i ~ ~ n ~ ~ # ~ ~ ~ f u # ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 5 5 n n i ~ ~ i i ~ ~ DURJ 4 nwrsnnis~iio~ ... I I ~ ~ H ~ J D ~ ~ ~ ~ ; ~ ~ I ~ ; U J I ~ U ~ ~ ~ ' U W ~ S ~ ~ I J I ~ ~ O J O U ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J U = ~ J ~d.sclanulIiul~u~ln F. Borella,

Les partis politiques dans L'Europe des Neuf, 1979, p.31.

( 2 ) o j n q u $ u d s z n u n ~ i u d i l ~ l ~ u u u ~ .rzuufy~ni11uuPliuu"i~u~nniu~50

d s a ~ i u ~ ~ 1 n 2 i u s n i ~ v u ~ f g u i n 1 1 n ~ n ~ ~ u 1 n ~ ~ ~ d 0 1 p l ; n i ~

60 LW 202 (H) I I I

d n T ~ ~ a m i a ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a " ~ u d o r ~ ~ o a a ' I u i ~

Iunqiu~auoi~ tidurinaqaawd 1 7 a~n iao i l~ i cna iwaannia~ijo~ 11: 11: ao~waandw~kf i~auipm unb~u~oaa~u:~~ a d ~ d n .~. 1906 w?na~fnd~uu~~:w?n

d * ,

~aiPuu d~~ilu@uciosinwqn~oabba:wanin6 k4~d n.n. 1935 wqnoyindQuiiuwaan

naauna Zuqn n.n. 1922 4 4 1935 r i l~~~~dvcasnnsaunab~iui~~wudwasnba3~uu LOU A qnbfluqd!aruuaiu~aan (Tripartisme) U[JL~UIIWRU ~~~r~~udqdd~~af lyn i~ubaod

a:uunir~iio~uo~finqw d k t u S~n~snaiu i i~~ngw~ua~nia~n^aaruu~o~waan irntmqum

aruuao~waanKdn~iiado~ a~on~uw~uo~aruun ia~ f o~aadwaanCdniia

(1) ~ ~ J H P w o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ P I P I Q Q ~ w ~ ~ P ~ ~ B ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Y dcr I iosn'darnou~~iudarnia~ua~oaiiZ#~n^ania~~dsuunZu~~ua

d niiufta dii~yn"iio ~ u ~ ~ u d ~ i l u ~ ~ u n ~ i u ~ ~ a n d i ~ n i ~ n a ~ u ~ v ~ Z u ~ i u ~ i a u i atrnorwu dw u w - u d w a * . diiidiunuunodar~w6ninof n d ~ d o u i ~ n d a r q n ~ a u w a n o ~ ~ n a ad~~~wqnd~e~~~nwaau

d d- ddw w ~~~r~BuwqnoyinbPuu n'u~ndiunu~nuuuiyam b~uw?nnuvani?n~i Cd8u weald Iiiii aiqojnqw~~d~oon~au 2 Chuhd q i io diuoyinfjPuu rYuCIiuIJiqv&

a~oaarun~~i~Jwna~aaw dannnojnqad~rauSgy~i~n~ q 21.4

<nwruzaowwarnd~u&m ~dadiuna-arawd 12 m~~lonuo~flynii i i i i 2 w n i d niiqAo d d

nidnnud nim~inwi8iuiondaiu"l i ( ~ a u n i a a ~ u a ~ u ~ i n e l ~ ~ b n a ) nioniawiPlui

~ ~ ~ m a ' i i ~ ~ u i o u ~ i p a n i ~u~~~iunaqaawd 1 8 ~ j n q w i i ~ a r ~ ~ ~ q n i n i a ~ o ~ a r n ~ i ~ P M d ~ ~ u ~ n ~ i u W n n i ~ d ~ ~ a ~ ~ u i o i n e l ~ ~ ~ n ~ n ' u ~ ~ u a n a i u W a a ~ ~ ~ n ' u ~ i u Zunaqaawd 19 A!

nid~#onar~didnia~~~nbd~uu~idnia~ioeiid~a~n'ua~uunian"an'~nidnia~i !uflo$'u

n"dniab~onacndiduuaflai~~~v~bai~uuau'u~~ai (Le neo-liberalisme) ~ ~ t ? d ~ B J ~ ~ ~ b b ~ e )

niado~arnii~~~iut?uw'u~Cu~n~%an'9~an~po~~~inin'unia~~ia'au~~u1~~iSn

darainuq'bad

' - - . d l

(2) rn~~a~a~ni~p1~6~~~uua~~waap1~udaz1na~~nq ' i l L~~wado~~aiudaznia #uotj~u~&Auo~waanniaLCod nis

cmotbna a a z r i ~ l ~ u o d a z u u ~ o d w a a f l o ~ i ~ f n i a ~ m f l z ~ ~ u u

n. dii~ua.rwaannia1de-a A 4 1 J I Y J Y E t b ~ ~ ~ i a ~ a ~ n a i w a m n i a ~ d o ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ u u ~ u ~ ~ n q ~ ~ O u o ~ b n a w ~ a ~ ~

Y A uu~won~iurio~nialunianao~iiuio iidq ~iCqjdn~azuuao~waanl5 wamniariio~ d ra ~rdazwaanderadazlund~innia~~d~u'ulunianao~iiui~ $ol6~d?uudaznia~u~nno

~do~h$unuzainniabflonkdLL~q f i~an ia%n"~a '~u ia~o~ ~dlia~iakd4uiawau I): 11 u n h Iuajudiiazuuaiuwam 4hdirfluKo~di~uiawau udciua~un~uowaan~a"aQuu

l6riiuuribdituin w~nay~ndPuun'uwaannaaunan*a~uK~wuiuiu~iaiuw~n~a"aCuu

IJipy MluW

lunqiurruiuna~riw$iu w a a n n i a ~ ~ o ~ d ~ a ~ n i a b f l u a ' ~ uia-az Y Ko~l#n~iuwuiuiuou'i~uin Kaodi~~riu nia~5a~uuodwaannasuna dnqiaruiniiuin

uin ariPzlKa'unianfi'uayu~ina~fiua'naaunan*niu dY I): uonqinu w a a n n i a ~ d o ~ ~ ~ d a z w a a n ~ = : ~ ~ ~ w u i u i u Q a ~ ~ ~ o ~ b n a

~ o ~ w s ~ n n i u 1 n s ~ a f i ~ u o ~ a ' ~ u i a o i f i W ~ ~ ~ ~ B ~ ~ X Q J Q ~ ~ " ~ ~ ' ~ U I ~ J ~ ~ I # U U I

u. nia~mesinausswssfinia~de~

i i ~ l i i a j ~ n n i i i j n n u w u i u i u o e i i ~ u i n d ~ t a a n ~ i u ~ ' a ~ ~ ~ ~ n i u ~ u warn waanduoufuiiinaiu~~nn~~unniu1uu'n~z~d~6a'un~1u~d~d~ niolii~~riu waan

~aiicuudunnuunnituin~niab4onn"d 9 1922 IudTan*enriiia~~n~in~~iwi~niab~o~

oliijlaiiniu ~~6dsrnauciiC~Iunian~azuuao~waano~d a:uuianbol i i r~ in~du~l~ '~K

LW 202 [H)

rl ;..,; :. . -Co~&,ll~o~nlianiyua~atuu~o~waann'Ao nia~5mloninlJiy' ~iionkJiilonin~iioni~ ui~luw"nwmr~6on'bmuma .r:uu~o~waaniili~u4ilflaruui~nni

dl iiKnwwt~Oudatvi~dlmuuinuu rl Ha wR~ndarnl.l~usnno 4ilflf3ui~ijn2iuhnJ(') budniiizuia

or!2iar~du~b2<uoiquo~nn1 u m ~ u n a ~ ~ u ~ u n i ~ u u m ~ ~ d ~ u u ~ d a t ~ i i ~ n u ' u ~ ~ o d d w d.1 w l u n s w u a ~ u i ~ i l i u u i ~ C o u n a o ~ i ~ u i o orii~lafimiu aruuno~waannuuounwa'o~orj

uiddacnia

v. ~ e u n w ~ e s ~ a g a z ~ u ~ a ~ w s a a d t d d dacnia~~an acuuaoswaannui~1natuunia~fion~1~~nu~41~

uin i i I f l ~ ~ m n ~ i u I a i r O u ~ a a u ~ ~ ~ w a a n A w i u o i t wammniiiuu lua n.R. 1964 Ili 8 d i d [ i i ~ i u n ~ ~ u ~ i i u u u i n

n i l 3 Aiunr~~uu~AnCou I[& 6 d i d [ i i ~ i ~ n r ~ ~ u u ~ u u u i n n i i 2 KIU~ZLIUULQ~CQ~OU luil

n.R. 1970 URL 12 d i d [~ IM~U~~LLLUW 6 hun~~~uulu~CIouquniw'ud 1974

darniad~ba ' rruuaodwam ~d2u~ ' ru l~u id l l i ~~m'b~n1~1 f l diuAniu&'boniaunm~n~i~~~m~Xu'

~nu'na'oaar t w w w a s m n ~ u ~ ~ f o n ~ u m ~ i i o n ~ ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ u n a niarilndduusi?

~~u'n.r$u~d[i i~qj ~ w ~ i r ~ ~ $ a ~ $ ~ ~ u u ~ f i a n w a a f i n i a b ~ a d ~ ~ n n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~

(2) ~ lnm319156~o~L~ i hifl {Andre Haurioul l i indid3ii I# waanla a~6naAo:$m$s?~ui~" lun i~nqwi uiuniguu~iorlKiuidono~nnwmau Or P C

a - w n ~ t do,

udbmindgusl n w m a u ~ r & ~ ~ ~ o n o i n f s ' a ~ ~ i w a a n ~ v u ~ ~ i a b d o n ~ uuoan~-!'udea t d d r d l A w W f d nasamean~nauulu n . ~ . 1923 ~~~onwmauuoin n 5 ion ~ o i m curton LL~MUI~OU Stanley

Baldwin

d (l)~UlnUfl~U1~ Margaret Thatcher l?h?plqnYl 62 Hi?4Qln!"75Pf4l~fl %fl. 1807 ~ R U William Pitt rhH?~di4lfltf C C , Y d. 6 4 - J uu mard n.n. l e v 6 iiu~umirauun~u usguia ioe nnr:lunuirniaisuign 3, i?yuio 22 nmaluniai~tus'g d d n 4 lrozii 14 nrualuniaisnrs'gn 6

blu?fnl5 "Impeachment" I

(1) d a ~ J ~ ~ n ~ u v ~ i a n i a i G q ~ ~ n ~ ~ 6 o n # ~ 6 o ~ d a i ~ a d i d ~ i 18 ad(#dikd fin.. loso) i i ~ i u

wn n d II: iiu3uuar a.n. G 635 nu ~ ~ ~ ~ u r i ? ~ ~ n u ~ ~ ~ ~ a : n i n a ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i a a n m ~ ~ a ~ ~ i ~ ~ 40 ~iufiu(2)

4 3 (')$'ruuii&Jidanmii ~~w?n?iuiia~sown'nn?iu~diuioq~qa~o~nni (The supremacy of Parliament) wqrn"iu8i.r

.I ' - Pays de Galles 71 n 6 .I ' - qnwoi 12 nC'4

ij4aiid~1nol'la nisiiuwndi~oziirln 9 lo d td~aanvioin Butler, The electoral system In Brltaln slnce 1918) Oxford, 1963.

64 L W 202 (H)

~iionk~d'b4~tjiiriauiiaiuw~3tln13~5;a~iu3nn uat&iiriauiilfln~uoiii.wn"~$ild Cd'bu~ni~ibii~#uun'u wmn33un~df ~in~ii6i0lnnaauu"K2~~nuCouuin'bu~ni ~~d'bu

o. a 2 - W .t L: srut~a~n~3uuon3ir6u~u 3r~i i~w~ntiul~ncro~n3d N.R. d3ruiru 4096 ~Buw2n

II II a a A' ~uuid~r ioui~nunun~u~~nunui~in~inwo~~:: n~uoi~wb~di~~:~o~rf '~niu 'buw3~n

oltin~ituuwcw3.mn3.run? f i a l i i ~ ~ $ u 1uwssnnssun3do~ n.n. i 950 ~ i n i i u a u

f~u'n3 617 nu u " n ~ ~ u n 3 d ~ r m ~ n n n 3 3 u b r j ~ ~ u ~ 92 m ~ S ~ o ~ I u ~ n i ~ i u ' q ~aYqrIi'bri

nniuomannu#uv~ ~~dr i~u~d~15uwano~a 'n~ f uu ~ r i i a.n. d u l ~ l n l 3 ~ b ; ~ u u ~ ~ a ' ~ 1141.4 A Y l % J l l E l ~ ~ d (fi~dldbdu Eton, Harrow, Winchester, Rugby, etc.) ~ J M U I U ~ ~ I U ~ I lll~l?bjnl]l)

L: w e A ~a~mL?~d~~n~'bfifiaiu~~o~u'bununu~uin~~uwa n~gqjqinu

'bubdnid~nitnnidng~uiu fi3inni.rd.rrdiWnui3n~u'tl3a'u a a I I d o n k ~ l i ~aun~fidunamuan'uni3~donk~u"u ariinrurna.runi3fi~n~ (un tribunal L: .4

adhoc) 'b~(~(il~b~.d~nmd ( ~ 6 j ~ ~ i n n i 3 d i j ~ d d ~ ~ u o l a u Diaraeli LUQ n.n, 1868) d3t%lu A' A' drla 0 n n i r ~ n i l u f f i ~ i ~ r u i w a w ~ d u o ~ n r u r n a a u n i ~ u uonqinu 'bun~mnun-~rari~

iidpriinis~8an#ddaulbiaul&

(2) m.ra'clsd4n.r

ni.r~slo~~n~uo~nni~iu'q~::~rol'oubbuanaiu~ab~uan'unai~~~~u a L: A' o a s ~ m ~ n g ~ u i u u a ~ n a i u ~ i i ~ i a o S dlmu n~u~$~ainddiuminurdiu~uu~::u~wu- tlamiqjiirnSsinb udnisTa~slo~n'n.rd~n~a~dou~au~#naiu~~u~warb~id~&iua'~ uia # ~ ~ l a u h ~ i i r m i ~ o ~ a ' u ' b 4 d ~ r n i n u ~ 5 o d ~ u ~ m i u ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ u d ~ o ~ d a r n i n u

oi~ad~nimu'qjbbdb~ufli~ua~a' 7 a ( ~ U ~ ~ U I L I ~ Q '* le Septennial

act de 17 1 5" ~ E l ~ l l & ~ i ~ ~ b M d E l 5 a ~ L ~ ~ ~ H V I U '*Parliament act" 9 191 1

~mmQmulrndaguuuunia3'bumi~mqp1~ uar'buqnnsfimuisn

bddouudadnu'ud3rg.ul~&aunubod uonoin'buni.~~~acru'udarg.uuo~~ni ariiw3rsida' w a # lwnan3uudh~naiu1Ypd~"ad~bK2 nmr~puuni~rbO~~fli~ua3rur~aai~o~~3ud~r~u

LW 202 (H) 65

w a C 1 nvaauw~un~~ds:amam, ^Antlun~a~mfluiin~adf:yu~n~, .nllpyryalJida:alau ~hQn~.rdaz~unrn, ^an5hrn3hubvm1~1u~1un1adasvuan~, (ldlbignla'u18dusi R.R. 1 m), ^ A ~ ~ I ~ ~ I ~ ~ I ~ Q ~ ~ ~ ~ C ~ Q ~ W C J ~ Q ~ ~ B J W ' ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ W ~ R ~ I U L ~ ~ ~ rioan~

u. qni!inmn unuin ua~cniudiXyua~daz~ip.l~ni~~ru"~ da:s~uan~r~uan~~un~dn~ab~oa~d~bdo.bb~uan'u~~u~a %h

It: A' ~~udau'uqnna~~ d s r a ~ u r n ~ ~ : u d ~ ~ m a o q u uarldSn d~~fluuuudsz~wriiudk9bfu

ds:a~wn~o:~Ou~dnflo~oiit~ad~oaan~~~.bJ'q ~ ~ a : r i d ~ u ~ ~ n ~ ~ d l ~ n ~ a ~ ~ a u ~ ~ ~ n ~ a

d 5 : ~ u ~ ~ d ~ n l iaudnlarn~ (le Clerck of the House) O f ~ 0 ~ ~ l ~ ~ d ~ d d 1 ~ ~ l d u l n b ~ ~ t dluhiu ~do~~i~auododa:a~uam bunL?'bdO:!a~udobw"uddob~uaunba'u 3 n.n. 4ss1

~ f l a u q u n ~ a d a : ~ u ~ n ~ n~sb~~ i loon~~n~~dda:~u~odbba~~ jna~ubm~awdoda;a~u~n~

n'ou 61ofi~a1uau1%nkdchuda:~iu~n1 $dfib~lun~avrinbdudn~al&n~au da:slum A' a:~flufl~inunni@iidm nauqul~n~.roiid.nuaadda:b~u uonolnu d.r:alb~nl

d w or C ~:uuaa~n~~ua:iid1u1~ai~b~~~u1Ja:bwfi una~~vadds:a1uan11%d~u1ba~d~wffiio A It: nlauium 67.61. M M ~ O M O ~ I N I ~ I . ~ ~ :

(3) n ~ n ~ a ( z k a ~ d v ~ ~ ~ ~ : p ~ a w n i ~ ~ ~ ~ y y ~ r u ~ Q n r n ~ a ~ i r r y G o ' ~ u ~ o l u n ~ s ? ~ i u n ~ ~ a ~ ~ n ~ ~ u ~ u l ion41

It: a' :'private member's bills" 1~rin l~11~1udauln~u1~7na'~uia (government bill61 IIJWWSI:

A' hsf uaun1snid~~~qq~b~~1:on1~bbd~1dn~ku7u~o~a'~u1au1nn1 uanolnu fibflu +I

Y i ' i h g n u ~ u u o ~ d i u G ~ a u ~ n h ~ dnln"o:muolnuci~b~uf 7 d n ~ ~ u 1 u u o ~ a ' ~ u 1 rim ~ ~ i n ~ n u 1 u d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d 1 ~ 6 1 u ~ n o : ~ d e i 1 u ~ a 1 u b 9 9 " u ~ o u 0 i n ~ n 1 ~ ~ ~ " , ., *, - b

(l)td.rnanln.rium::~~uml~~in vud 3dq155ar, npnuirra'gmm IIA 4741, n191nw4 : ~n~P?nuifi~.ri~6lim~, m20. nu'i 60-66.

P: i iniu~nif iniuiao~~unui5nnniyuui~~& (ndud n.R. 1958) 01 1 1 0 i l~quuu~i~auda:uia 20 nu

~ui%ncrm~uu.~d'bmudau~~~b~u~anapba'n~~uu~ln~iuaunul~n A

ljaruia I.OOO nu 1 : ~ ~ ~ i % n ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ i d ~ ~ i ~ i n W ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ n ~ d 7 ~ ~ l ~ ~ d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

W A ' ~ n i g u u i ~ ~ ~ a u ~ d d ~ ~ u i ~ ~ u n i ~ n i a ~ ~ a ~ ~ ~ s r i i ~ u i n n i i q s i n i ~

d~ujn~~fiua'nvi15ii~a'unu~6n 9 nu hflu ~ o t d df Appel &$u $ J L B W ~ ~ M I ~ ~ ' ~ U I R

diuwaannaauna&adniauflub~dfiiildiiba"8

if IQ?P~C~~I unuinYaill~~n7~~~d&b17vnlk$yLHq~fl$~.7{dh

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po:iinaiua?iti@lriuinlin uanoinu nuilnnniquuic 9 ludiuau i ,000 nu nninuin e 1 1 1 : 11: ( f i w i n w ~ i a q n ~ a ~ w &uu ~iani~d~nqun*&ndau~%nan~quu~d~a' 9 nu d o .

i icvl i id~ilu~fiwinwidaldl&~) d ~sio ia f i~ iaru ip i i miquui~~$uanina:a:w'ou~~uanaiu8m~u

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e e si~u~~awi:Iui~~i:u:~aaiuu 7 L L R : V I J ~ J J Q ~ P L ~ L ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ J ~ I ( i ~ u a m i I j r ~ A m ~ u - a Y ~uniat~ankJnl?!daeii~ani~uui~ oia~ilurnida:jiouuu~nai~~fimouana~11o~~i~

fl&i 1

Iun2nu~nuqic ~a~wadai~ojn~u~nuiani~uui~!~~~u~f odd

~idioiuiulMmn anigj l r iduwmm~nia~do~ udri~n~ii(iauo~uinda:w'ou~~uanaiutm

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11: uo~ela:~weruu 7 ludrr~ncrojnqa a:yua'~aniu'uu?~~u~d'bu~idddi~u~~ia lmu~awi:

4 u - 0 d' n m : ~ u u n ~ ~ d u q u o i u i a ~ ~ a : ! ~ n u i ~ ~ 6 u ~ u n i ~ uonainu o r 4 w d w d l u~u~uinii~Gusiuuo~diuani & a n i n ~ u i i ~ u i n a ~ u n ~ : a ' ~ u u ~ " a ~ f l i i ~ ~ i ~ f l a ~ ~ ~ a ~

~ f l u n a i u ~ ~ d ~ i ~ u w n a i ' ~ ~ o i m i . $ n ~ nmza'guun"a~flucr?~mu11odnai~~8muod'11i~~~ub~u~

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drolt anglais, I 96 5.

L W 202 (H)

w d a e

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~ainiw6o~iuiinaouodi~~~ud1uniana:iiuo~au h u ~ ~ q u ~in~Elwnanaunuoiuil

b r n : ~ ~ w ~ o ~ u ~ a n i a u o d i ~ h u n u ~ a d b ~ n : o d i d ~ a ~ b b ~ a fio:iio~~fluwaro~6~o~d8odfu u A # 8 P M

i i~aau oliid~iiniunia1Puniana:iiuo~nu~au ui~fia~oisGiuidniadg?a aia d a an

&nqd&wuiuiulfifniaU'~u~ i 648 L L R : ~ 1688 a~~~hl?aniaddda:6nf niwbbd~ufiaiu II:

a ~ : ' l d d o ~ d a ~ a i u n ' u u u n ~ u ~ a a u ~ i u ~ d ~ l n i a u ~ d i ~ njtu ~ua:u:~anidou+i~jnls u a # ~unu ' iu6 iu i~a innrmauu i~m~:~~uun~ ~ ~ G i u i ~ ~ ~ n n i s d i i 'n l in i i i ld~iuisn

na:ilfiVl" (The King can do no wrong)

d aa . ~ r w fl#osii6v's~nmdarnia~u~nno u~o~~mnB/ i~~:v i i i~ " ~ i n i s t ' e r d " ' ~ a'

*'Cabinetw ~ ~ I W ~ ~ : L W ( ~ U O ~ ~ I ~ ~ I I ~ U L Q W I : ~ ~ : ~ W ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W ' n ? i ~ a ~ ~ u ~ ~ d ~ i u ! d d i d ~ u

~~rilwd.r:mnoSn~wn~iuviuiun~u!d~adou~u

1.1 Tguldnj (Le Minlstbn) b ~ u ~ d ~ n ~ d ~ n ~ i u ~ ~ u i u o d i ~ n a ' i d 78- d ,. , uumids:nouK3uynn~da'3un'oa I ~ u i i n ~ i u ~ n u ~ w u n u w m n i a t d a ~ tdunmrynn~d

iuimaoudoijnni luuIuuiud!Kiun~iu~duaouoineffon#~ ~ u u m i a r ~ B u n ~ u y n n ~ B i u ~ u ~ ~ i n dnkrd.rtnouK3uQuuni

(Ministres), i j ~ u ~ f d 3 : ~ m ~ecre'taires dlEtat, (d?~ Se'cretaires dfEtat, UR: Se'cretaires

parlementaires

1.2 (INZ~~YPUUR? (Le Cabinet) ~ U ~ U Y Q ~ Q U U R ~ P : ~ ~ R I ~ : ~ ' ~ U U ~ ~ ? d d4Qi i "Le Cabinet" ~ d b f l u n R h i l ~ ~ i ~ d i q ~ 1 ~ nru:ijuumf~:d3rnouhu i l l k ? ~

ijuumiiiu3dliuin d~donu i~~nu iun i~uuRi dnii~:iiiuari~si~d fjuumiiinis n~fl33dq8If33a.l (Le Lord Chancelier). d~:~iunm:n~~un13n13K'I (Le ~ r b i d e n t du

Board of Trade), ~ ~ ~ ~ f ~ l n i 3 n 3 ~ W 3 3 d n l 3 B / l d d 3 : ~ W 8 1 , nisAnrn, nl3iianis%nu,

nl3bnwm3, nl3~Pn13110d icosse iRrv09 Pays de Galles

2.1 u1un5juudira:nir#(;1~)dAnrwtlda"tuiad~~Gpd dogGuui.lunijuuni~~u~ui6n~o~uniaiDy ( d o n.n. 1983)

u d l d rrP: d a IUTLUZL~ ~~sninann21 "primus inter pares" a d n u i u ~ d u ~ u n ~ g ~ u n ~ u u u ~ i u i ~ u i n r r ~ r w d ~ ~ ~ d m m n ~ ~ i u ~ ~ ~ n u i ~ i n d ~ t % i ' d ~ wannn; uiunfjuunrrt~td~ia~~na'guun? v i ~ n R

P: n *d 1sin~~uryiuiuuo~uiunig~u~1i~i~f lu "nli~senu~~inni.r&an#~" I le monarque (IUI

diui~uoruiuni~uunisau5dni.r A'

diud~~ncu:a'guumi&i~u ua:ku a ionn~?ord~er~b i i~~~ t i , ~ uon~inu P:

u'saiui~naioon~in~i~ ~nioonn~nnr:: saufitniquani

L3uKu

Y n # d ds:aiusznii~iyuian'u nunau~wu 3 P: * me-

$%niTunr~~rinanse George I

fiunm3juuni uanoinu urfi~flinlim?Uamuaad 8ida:s~.s6o:~u"i~ai

~~~6mriodiuni~uiuni~uu~"a

uiuniguuni ~~lui jn? u u ' b u u i u u o ~ ~ ~ u i ~ ~ ~ a r w ~ ~ u d ~ ~

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~nlsnscns~~nlsdldd3:~n~n'uulun~~~un~ a2odldLdu ~u~cu~~4,~evi l le Chamberlain

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Eden lug n.n. 1938 o ~ ~ ~ l u n ~ ~ u u ~ i Edward Heath ~ d L ~ % ~ ~ ~ u i ~ ~ ~ u n l s l u ' l f 2 u ~ u

d.r:ai~uq'bsd I ~ L ~ ~ M @ L ~ ' ~ I ~ $ ~ ~ ~ w L $ I $ ~ u I o ~ ~ ~ z v I ~ u ~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ Q ~ n.n. r srn

dr r . e: ti~~uYiiIus:utnuni~~~ti,~~iunr'~u~nina.j~~sn Iu'iio~rinsi

P : d d ' d o ~m#~u"uui u d ~ u ~ ~ m ~ ~ j ~ i n u d n s i u b a n n . r d n ~ u d n i a ~ m k d ~ m : ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ b ~ u f d n o i ~ ~ u

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~ O d f t f k ~ ? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ (Le s6cretariat ou cabinet office) ~ ~ : n ~ ~ ~ n l ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ n L L ~ t ~ d ~ t ~ l u d l ~ - n a z f l u u n i

1auihimaz4uun!, qri1~fi1duiuu~1arn14d ~ r ~ u u o d n a r A d a bd rl

i j u u n i n ~ a ~ i u n w u ~ w ~ K n p w h J 7 ~fluXu utiu~un~uunauanan~t~dauu~~da~~~ar

n l a d a r ~ u a f o ~ i u n ~ K n n l [ ~ u n ' ~ ~ q ~ d u ~ i i u

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('.ht#ou~~umnu i m p , o2auiunCl~uA Harold Wilson I~~"~u~~~u~~u/ IuuP) I~~~'Q (nimXr, nitdir-

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u n # oinn'u n ~ # u woornh='liYi~ naaau~0uhunuuo~n1lku~od

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w 9 d d ddas ~4 d n. m m r u ~ d u a ~ r i m m 0 1 r a ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ 1 a i 0 1 ~ n n ~ ~ ~ a ' ~ K n ~ ~ ~ ~ r i a ~ ~ n q w c ddd I

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~ld#dl.l,d R.R. 1707 ~ J L O W ~ # ~ I ~ G ~ ~ Q W ~ (Anne) d ~ b ~ 1 ~ 1 ~ ~ d ~ l ~ ~ f l f i ? l ~ b d O d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d 7 3 a a ddd ngvulu (all) ~uhud d k m o i uimla (Walter Bagehot) I ~ ~ u J ~ Q ~ ~ ~ Q ~ B u J ~ Q w I

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Y A YRY ~ i u a n a i u t n ~ ~ ~ q n ~ ~ ~ i i w ~ u i n i u o n.v. 1974 ~ 6 i ~ 0 i n ~ ~ ~ ~ l n ~ " a o ~ a r ~ ' ~ a o ~ w a a n I

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g0 LW 202 (H.)

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LW 202 (H) 8 1

(l)Qlo Bengkok Post, n~~y~ui(ltflid 13 i)l]UltJU 2630. J

~ n d r 6 Hauriou et Jean Gicquel, Droit Constltutionnel et Institutions politiques, 7e gdition,

Paris, Montchrestien, 1980.