saas (1)

Bo co nghin cu khoa hc 2011-2012

Trang 1

Mc lc

Gii thiu ti ........................................................................................................... 3

L thuyt v SaaS (Software as a Service) .................................................................. 5

1. in ton m my (Cloud computing) .......................................................... 6

1.1. S pht trin ca m hnh in ton........................................................ 6

1.2. Khi nim Cloud Computing .................................................................. 7

1.3. M hnh cc lp dch v .......................................................................... 8

1.4. M hnh trin khai ................................................................................. 10

2. Software as a Service (Phn mm dch v) ................................................... 14

2.1. nh ngha SaaS .................................................................................... 14

2.2. u im v nhc im ca ng dng SaaS ........................................ 14

2.3. S pht trin ca SaaS ........................................................................... 15

2.4. Kin trc SaaS ....................................................................................... 17

2.4.1. Kin trc ng dng phn tn .......................................................... 17

2.4.2. Kin trc ng dng SaaS ................................................................ 19

2.5. Cc yu cu i vi mt h thng SaaS ................................................ 24

2.5.1. H tr nhiu a thu ....................................................................... 24

2.5.2. Bo mt trong ng dng SaaS ........................................................ 25

2.5.3. Kh nng ty chnh v c nhn ha ng dng ............................... 26

2.5.4. Kh nng tch hp .......................................................................... 28

Kho st tnh hnh pht trin SaaS hin nay Vit Nam .......................................... 31

Chng trnh th nghim .......................................................................................... 35

1. Mc tiu ......................................................................................................... 36

2. Thit k c s d liu .................................................................................... 36

Bng service .......................................................................................................... 37

3. Gii thiu ng dng SaaS Portal ................................................................... 43


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Danh mc cc ch vit tt ......................................................................................... 53

Ti liu tham kho ..................................................................................................... 55


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Phn I:

Gii thiu ti


Trang 4

L do chn ti

Ngy nay, phn mm hng dch v ( SaaS) ang l mt vn hot trong

ngnh cng ngh thng tin ni chung v cc ngnh khc ni ring. Vn a d

liu ln Internet ngy cng cn thit. Do nhu cu ca ngi dng, do nhu cu ca

nh cung cp, s tit kim chi ph ti a, rt ngn thi gian trin khai, pht trin

nhanh v d dng l hon ton cn thit. Hin nay, phn mm hng dch v ( SaaS)

ang l gii php doanh nghip va v nh. SaaS c rt nhiu u th tnh cho n

thi im ny, nhng bn cnh c rt nhiu hn ch, v vy, ta cn tm hiu

nhng u th cng nh hn ch khc phc v pht huy m hnh ny.

Phng php nghin cu

- c v dch ti liu v phn mm hng dch v ( SaaS).

- Nghin cu m hnh phn mm hng dch v ng thi xy dng chng

trnh demo cho m hnh ny.

- Xy dng mt portal qun l ng dng v mt s phn mm ng dng m

hnh ny.

Mc tiu ti

- Trang b cc kin thc v m hnh phn mm hng dch v (SaaS).

- Nm bt c tnh hnh trin khai m hnh SaaS ti Vit Nam, cng tim

nng ng dng m hnh trong th trng kinh doanh phn mm ti Vit Nam.

- Trin khai thnh cng mt ng dng SaaS trn mng Internet.

ngha thc tin

- Gip cho ngi dng c th dng phn mm mi lc mi ni.

- Tit kim c chi ph ti a vi vic s dng phn mm.


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Phn II:

L thuyt v SaaS (Software as a

Service)


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1. in ton m my (Cloud computing)

1.1. S pht trin ca m hnh in ton

M hnh in ton tin ha qua cc thi k lch s khc nhau do s

pht trin ca my tnh v h tng mng truyn thng. T th h my tnh th

nht n th h th ba, my tnh vn l cc my tnh cng knh, t ; cc

chng trnh ng dng c pht trin vi chi ph rt cao do s thiu thn

thin ca ngn ng lp trnh cng nh iu kin vn hnh v s dng h

thng kht khe.

Hnh 1:Cc th h ca m hnh in ton

Th h th 4 ca my tnh xut hin nhng nm 70 n nay vi s

xut hin ca vi x l vi cc ngn ng lp trnh thn thin, ph hp hn cho

tng lnh vc ng dng c th. Vi vic cho ra i my tnh c nhn u

nhng nm 80 ca IBM v Apple, in ton c tip cn rng ri v tr

nn ph thng. Bc sang nhng nm 80 nht l nhng nm 90 cng ngh v

h tng mng. Truyn thng c nhng bc pht trin vt bc, vi s ra

i ca mng Internet kt ni ton cu v s bng n ca ng dng Web.


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Ngy nay, nhng nm u th k 21, h tng my tnh, vin thng

hi t trn nn cng ngh s. Cng ngh kt ni c dy, khng dy qua cp

ng, cp quang, v tinh, wifi, mng 3G, 4G, cho php kt ni mng ton

cu, vn ti c vng su, vng xa ngho kh. Vi h tng ICT pht trin

nh vy, cc thit b tnh ton cng ht sc a dng t cc siu my tnh, my

ch ln, ti cc my tnh c nhn, my tnh xch tay, cc thit b di ng

thng minh hay cc in thoi di ng gi r u c th kt ni vi nhau

mt th gii kt ni.

Khi th gii in ton kt ni, lm th no khai thc c ti a

nng lc in ton vi chi ph thp nht v nhanh nht? Lm th no

mt doanh nghip c h thng ng dng ERP trong vng 24 gi? Lm th

no d n phn mm c mi trng pht trin vi cng c qun l d n

sn sng trong vng 4 gi? Lm th no c gio hiu trng vng cao c

th c ng dng qun l h s, gio n tc th m khng phi tm hiu cc

bc ci t hoc sao lu d liu? Khng th k ht cc nhu cu tng

t, nhng c th ni in ton m my l m hnh c k vng p ng

cc nhu cu , em sn phm v dch v cng ngh thng tin cht lng cao

n mi i tng theo nhu cu, vi thi gian nhanh hn v chi ph r hn.

1.2. Khi nim Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing (CC) l m hnh in ton cho php truy cp qua mng

la chn v s dng ti nguyn tnh ton theo nhu cu mt cch thun tin

v nhanh chng, ng thi cho php kt thc s dng dch v, gii phng ti

nguyn d dng, gim thiu cc giao tip vi nh cung cp

Cloud Computing (CC) c l l thut ng thi s nht trong gii cng

ngh thng tin trn th gii hin nay v c Gartner xp u bng trong cc

cng ngh chin lc t nm 2010. Du vy, CC vn l mt m hnh ang

tin ti hon chnh, cc hng cng ngh cng nh cc t chc tiu chun trn

th gii ang a ra cc nh ngha v cch nhn ca ring mnh.


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Hnh 2: in ton m my

Trong s c th thy rng nh ngha ca NIST l r rng vi cch

nhn bao qut: CC l m hnh in ton cho php truy cp qua mng la

chn v s dng ti nguyn tnh ton (v d: mng, my ch, lu tr, ng

dng v dch v) theo nhu cu mt cch thun tin v nhanh chng, ng thi

cho php kt thc s dng dch v, gii phng ti nguyn d dng, gim thiu

cc giao tip vi nh cung cp.

Theo , m hnh chnh l cho php s dng dch v theo yu cu (on-

demam service); cung cp kh nng truy cp dch v qua mng rng ri t

my tnh bn, my tnh xch tay ti thit b di ng (broad net-work

access); vi ti nguyn tnh ton ng, phc v nhiu ngi (resource

pooling for multi-tenanci), nng lc tnh ton phn mm do, p ng nhanh

vi nhu cu thp ti cao (rapid elasticity). M hnh CC cng m bo vic s

dng cc ti nguyn c o nh cung cp dch v qun tr v ti u

c ti nguyn, ng thi ngi dng ch phi tr chi ph cho phn ti

nguyn s dng (pay-by-use).

1.3. M hnh cc lp dch v

Dch v CC rt a dng v bao gm tt c cc lp dch v in ton t

cung cp nng lc tnh ton trn di my ch hiu sut cao hay cc my ch

o, khng gian lu tr d liu, hay mt h iu hnh, mt cng c lp trnh,


Trang 9

hay mt ng dng k ton Cc dch v cng c phn loi kh da dng,

nhng cc m hnh dch v CC ph bin nht c th c phn thnh 3

nhm: Dch v h tng (IaaS), Dch v nn tng (PaaS) v Dch v phn mm

(SaaS).

Hnh 3: M hnh cc lp dch v

Dch v h tng IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Dch v IaaS cung cp dch v c bn bao gm nng lc tnh ton,

khng gian lu tr, kt ni mng ti khch hng. Khch hng (c nhn hoc

t chc) c th s dng ti nguyn h tng ny p ng nhu cu tnh ton

hoc ci t ng dng ring cho ngi s dng. Vi dch v ny khch hng

lm ch h iu hnh, lu tr v cc ng dng do khch hng ci t. Khch

hng in hnh ca dch v IaaS c th l mi i tng cn ti mt my tnh

v t ci t ng dng ca mnh.

V d in hnh v dch v ny l dch v EC2 ca Amazon. Khch

hng c th ng k s dng mt my tnh o trn dch v ca Amazon v

la chn mt h thng iu hnh (v d, Windows hoc Linux) v t ci t

ng dng ca mnh.

Dch v nn tng PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Dch v PaaS cung cp nn tng in ton cho php khch hng pht

trin cc phn mm, phc v nhu cu tnh ton hoc xy dng thnh dch v

trn nn tng Cloud d. Dch v PaaS c th c cung cp di dng cc

ng dng lp gia (middleware), cc ng dng ch (application server) cng

cc cng c lp trnh vi ngn ng lp trnh nht nh xy dng ng dng.

Dch v PaaS cng c th c xy dng ring v cung cp cho khch hng


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thng qua mt API ring. Khch hng xy dng ng dng v tng tc vi

h tng CC thng qua API . mc SaaS, khch hng khng qun l nn

tng Cloud hay cc ti nguyn lp nh h iu hnh, lu gi lp di.

Khch hng in hnh ca dch v PaaS chnh l cc nh pht trin ng dng

(ISV).

Dch v App Engine ca Google l mt dch v PaaS in hnh, cho

php khch hng xy dng cc ng dng web vi mi trng chy ng dng

v pht trin da trn ngn ng lp trnh Java hoc Python.

Dch v phn mm SaaS (Software as a Service)

Dch v SaaS cung cp cc ng dng hon chnh nh mt dch v theo

yu cu cho nhiu khch hng vi ch mt phin bn ci t. Khch hng la

chn ng dng ph hp vi nhu cu v s dng m khng quan tm ti hay

b cng sc qun l ti nguyn tnh ton bn di.

Dch v SaaS ni ting nht phi k n Salesforce.com vi cc ng

dng cho doanh nghip m ni bt nht l CRM. Cc ng dng SaaS cho

ngi dng cui ph bin l cc ng dng office Online ca Microsoft hay

Google Docs ca Google.

1.4. M hnh trin khai

T m my (cloud) xut pht t hnh nh minh ha mng Internet

c s dng rng ri trong cc hnh v v h thng mng my tnh ca

gii CNTT. Mt cch nm na, in ton m my l m hnh in ton

Internet. Tuy nhin, khi m hnh CC dn nh hnh, cc u im ca n

c vn dng p dng trong cc mi trng c quy m v phm vi ring,

hnh thnh cc m hnh trin khai khc nhau.

m my cng cng

M hnh u tin c ni n khi cp ti CC chnh l m hnh

Public Cloud. y l m hnh m h tng CC c mt t chc s hu v

cung cp dch v rng ri cho tt c cc khch hng thng qua h tng mng

Internet hoc cc mng cng cng din rng. Cc ng dng khc nhau chia s

chung ti nguyn tnh ton, mng v lu tr. Do vy, h tng CC c tit k

m bo c lp v d liu gia cc khch hng v tch bit v truy cp.


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Hnh 4: Public cloud

Cc dch v Public Cloud hng ti s lng khch hng ln nn

thng c nng lc v h tng cao, p ng nhu cu tnh ton linh hot, em

li chi ph thp cho khch hng. Do khch hng ca dch v trn Public

Cloud s bao gm tt c cc tng lp m khch hng c nhn v doanh

nghip nh s c li th trong vic d dng tip cn cc ng dng cng

ngh cap, cht lng m khng phi u t ban u, chi ph s dng thp,

linh hot.

m my doanh nghip

m my doanh nghip (Private Cloud) l m hnh trong h tng

m my c s hu bi mt t chc v phc v cho ngi dng ca t

chc . Private Cloud c th c vn hnh bi mt bn th ba v h tng

m my c th c t bn trong hoc bn ngoi t chc s hu (ti bn

th ba kim vn hnh hoc thm ch l mt bn th t).


Trang 12

Hnh 5: Private cloud

Private Cloud c cc t chc, doanh nghip ln xy dng cho mnh

nhm khai thc u im c cc t chc, doanh nghip ln xy dng cho

mnh nhm khai thc u im v cng ngh v kh nng qun tr ca CC. Vi

Private Cloud, cc doanh nghip ti u c h tng IT ca mnh, nng cao

hiu qu s dng, qun l trong cp pht v thu hi ti nguyn, qua gim

thi gian a sn phm sn xut, kinh doanh ra th trng.

m my chung

m my chung (Community Cloud) l m hnh trong h tng m

my c chia s bi mt s t chc cho cng ng ngi dng trong cc t

chc . Cc t chc ny do c th khng tip cn vi cc dch v Public

Cloud v chia s chung mt h tng CC nng cao hiu qu u t v s

dng.


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Hnh 6: Community Cloud

m my lai

M hnh m my lai (Hybrid Cloud) l m hnh bao gm hai hoc

nhiu hn cc m my trn tch hp vi nhau. M hnh Hybrid Cloud cho

php chia s h tng hoc p ng nhu cu trao i d liu.


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Hnh 7: Hybrid Cloud

2. Software as a Service (Phn mm dch v)

2.1. nh ngha SaaS

M hnh SaaS l m hnh pht trin phn mm hng dch v cho

php ngi cung cp qun l tp trung v ngi dng truy cp thng qua

trnh duyt.

Software-as-a-Service(SaaS) l s kt hp c o gia mt m hnh

thng mi v mt m hnh ng dng m. SaaS cho php khch hng s

dng mt ng dng trn mt nn tng pay-as-you-go m khng cn ci t v

chy ng dng trn nn tng phn cng ca h. Khch hng thng truy cp

mt ng dng thng qua trnh mt trnh duyt web.

Cc ng dng SaaS thng c cc nh cung cp bo tr, nng cp v

h tr lin tc nh mt phn ca dch v. Kh nng ty bin ca ng dng

c cung cp ti tt c khch hng mt cch nht qun. T quan im ca

nh cung cp, sn xut phn mm cc m hnh SaaS bo v mnh m hn ti

sn tr tu ca h, kim sot c mi trng hot ng ca ng dng v to

ra mt ngun doanh thu nh k t cc khon ph ng k, duy tr dch v.

ng dng SaaS l mt ng dng c lu tr trn mt my ch t xa

v truy cp thng qua Internet.

2.2. u im v nhc im ca ng dng SaaS

ng dng SaaS c cc u im:

- Gip doanh nghip gim chi ph trin khai, bo tr, nng cp phn

mm; thi gian trin khai nhanh. c bit ph hp vi cc doanh

nghip va v nh.

- Doanh nghip khng cn phi quan tm n nhng rc ri pht sinh

trong qu trnh duy tr h thng nh bo mt, my ch,...

- Ngi dng c th truy cp ng dng khng gii hn khng gian v

thi gian, ch cn c kt ni internet.

Bn cnh SaaS cng c mt s nhc im:

i vi ngi dng (doanh nghip, t chc, c nhn):


Trang 15

- V phn mm chy thng qua mi trng mng internet nn ng

truyn mng ca doanh nghip phi m bo yu cu k thut cao v

dn n chi ph cao cho phn c s vt cht mt ny.

- Tt c mi thng tin khch hng u c lu tr trn server ca nh

cung cp dch v, do vic m bo an ton thng tin l mt vn

ln.

- Phn mm SaaS kh p ng c y quy trnh nghip v ca

tng khch hng c th. Do khch hng kh ty bin ng dng theo

ca ring mnh.

i vi nh cung cp dch v

- Vn bo mt thng tin cho cc ng dng SaaS c quan tm hng

u. V th, tm kim c mt gii php bo mt ph hp l mt

vn kh khn.

- Do h thng phc v a ngi dng nn yu cu nh cung cp phi

lun i mi, nng cp h thng nhm p ng yu cu ca khch

hng.

2.3. S pht trin ca SaaS

Trong bn bo co chin lc nm 2007, Saugatuck Technology

a ra ba thi k pht trin ca th trng SaaS. V gn y h a ra

thm mt thi k mi. Vic nh ngha bn thi k ny cung cp mt cch

tip cn hu ch tm hiu v s hnh thnh v pht trin ca cng ngh

SaaS v c th hu ch trong vic tm kim gii php chuyn i ng dng t

nn tng ASP (nh cung cp dch v) hoc ng dng client-server sang cng

ngh SaaS.


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Hnh 8: S pht trin ca SaaS

thi k u tin, cc nh phn phi thng cung cp cc ng dng

rt n gin thng l cc ng dng c lp v tp trung vo vic tit kim

chi ph trin khai, d dng nng cp, bo tr v s dng. Trong mt bi vit

ca SoftwareCEO c cp n vic ch 20% ngn sch cng ngh thng tin

c chi cho phn mm, 80% cn li s tp trung vo pha nhng dch v v

phn cng cn thit chy phn mm ny. Do cc cng ty, ngi dng

cui mun s dng phn mm nhng khng phi tr ton b chi ph cho phn

mm tm n vi SaaS.

thi k th 2, gii php SaaS c pht trin vi kh nng ty bin

cao hn v kh nng tng thch tt hn. SaaS gi vai tr ln hn trong tng

th h sinh thi ca mt doanh nghip, kh nng tch hp cc gii php SaaS

x l d liu dn tr ln quan trng hn.

Trong thi k th 3, SaaS c pht trin, ngy cng hon thin v

ph bin rng ri hn, n dn tr thnh mt phn quan trng ca tng th

chin lc trong doanh nghip phn mm. V kt qu n tr thnh mt cng

c h tr vic chuyn i hnh thc kinh doanh. Tch hp gia cc dch v

kinh doanh SaaS v cc dch v trc , cng nh chia s d liu gia cc

cng ty, l mt tnh nng chnh ca thi k ny. Mt v d in hnh l s


Trang 17

tch hp ngun nhn lc ca mt cng ty ng dng nh Oracle PeopeSoft vi

mt gii php qun tr mi quan h khch hng trn cng ngh SaaS nh

Saleforce.com. Cng ngh ny lm qu trnh kinh doanh tr nn hiu qu vi

chi ph thp hn, tuy nhin trong mt s trng hp to ra quy trnh kinh

doanh mi m cha c kim chng v tnh kh thi ca quy trnh .

Thi k th 4 gii quyt vic tn dng mi trng mi Mi trng

in ton m my. in ton m my cung cp theo yu cu ca c s h

tng v kt hp vi phn mm theo nh mt dch v (SaaS) c th cung cp

linh hot hn cc gii php trin khai v x l.

2.4. Kin trc SaaS

2.4.1. Kin trc ng dng phn tn

Khi vic s dng cc trang web cho cc ng dng kinh doanh bt u

xut hin rng ri cui nm 1995, kin trc ng dng phn tn (hay cn gi

l kin trc N-tiered) xut hin. N khc vi vi kin trc client-server truyn

thng m c s d liu thng c t my ch tp trung ,cc my khch

c giao din ngi dng v ng dng logic c ci t trn my tnh ca

ngi dng. C nhiu l hng khc nhau trong m hnh ny, trong c cc

vn v kh nng m rng do kt ni c s d liu ring bit t mi ngi

dng cng nh chi ph phn phi, hot ng, ci t, bo tr phn mm trn

my tnh ca ngi s dng.

Kin trc ng dng phn tn thc s c th hot ng c bi hai

iu. Th nht, trnh duyt web xut hin nh mt cng c ph bin trn my

tnh c nhn. Th hai, mt lp ca phn mm c gi l mt ng dng my

ch xut hin cho php nhng tnh nng phong ph ca ng dng c th

truyn n my tnh thng qua trnh duyt Web. Chi ph cho vic phn phi

v bo tr cho khch hng gim i ng k do trnh duyt web c ci sn

trong h iu hnh hoc c th ti v min ph ci t. Cng vi gii

quyt c vn v kh nng m rng v mi trng my ch ng dng

c phn ra thnh cc phn khc nhau, x l theo yu cu ca ngi dng.


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Hnh 9: Kin trc ng dng phn tn

User Tier(Tng ngi dng)

Tng ngi dng thng l cc trnh duyt web c sn trn my

hoc c th d dng ti v v ci t min ph. Thay th cho trnh duyt web

c th l cc ng dng my khch nh khc c thit k ring. Chng

thng ch x l cc d liu u vo v u ra t my ch(hu ht vic tnh

ton x l logic din ra my ch) v thng ch c ti v khi cn thit.

Application Tier (Tng ng dng)

Tng ng dng bao gm cc ng dng my ch nhn yu cu

HTTP/HTTPS t ngi dng v x l cc yu cu logic, truy cp c s d

liu cn thit thng qua tng truy sut d liu. Tng ng dng thng cung

cp cc dch v ng dng nh cm my ch ng dng v cn bng kh nng

m rng vi kh nng hi phc, qun l d liu phin ngi dng, qun l

vng c s d liu c kt ni v qun l i tng c kt ni logic.

Data Acess Tier (Tng truy sut d liu)

Tng truy sut d liu x l mi yu cu dnh cho d liu hoc cu

trc hay h qun tr c s s d liu hoc t kho d liu khng c cu trc v

khng c qun l nh mt h thng tp tin. Tng ny thng cung cp cc

nhm cho kh nng m rng v phc hi. Thm vo l vic cung cp mt

lp tru tng, tch logic cng vic t d liu, y l l do cho vic tch tng

ny t tng ng dng. Tng ny bao gm cc yu cu phn cng khc nhau

v thm vo l cc tnh nng bo mt(phn chia tng ny thnh cc phn


Trang 19

on mng ni b gim nguy c b truy cp d liu quan trng tri php t

bn ngoi) .

Data Strorage Tier(Tng lu tr d liu)

Tng lu tr d liu c s dng lu tr vt l d liu. Trong mt

s trng hp, n ging nh my ch vt l . Trong mt s trng hp khc,

mt mng lu tr cc b c s dng ti u ha vic lu tr v tng kh

nng phc hi.

2.4.2. Kin trc ng dng SaaS

M hnh SaaS bao gm cc khi nim trong kin trc phn tn nhng

c tip tc m rng thm bng cc thnh phn to iu kin thun li v

tng cng hiu qu cho cc m hnh kinh doanh. Mt nh cung cp phn

mm truyn thng chu trch nhim iu hnh v qun l mi trng tng

ng vi mt khch hng s dng. Cn mt nh cung cp SaaS, h iu hnh

v qun l mi trng ng dng h tr tt c cc khch hng ca h.

Hnh 10: S khi nim v SaaS

Hnh trn cho thy mt s khi nim v ton b kin trc. Mt tng

phn tn b sung c thm vo xc nhn rng yu cu dch v c th cn

phi c nh tuyn ti mt hoc nhiu mi trng vt l khc nhau v mt

l do no . Cc thnh phn ca tng phn tn b sung c xc nh v a

vo ti khon b sung chc nng ca mt h thng SaaS hon thin. Cc vn

qun l v gim st c trnh by nh l cc thnh phn hot ng trn


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cc tng. Cc thnh phn ny rt quan trng trong SaaS mt doanh nghip

hot ng hiu qu. Cui cng ng dng to mt nhm cc thnh phn vi

cc chc nng c th c th p dng vo khi cn trong qu trnh hot ng.

Tng phn tn

Tng phn tn c thm vo m hnh kin trc SaaS x l cn

bng ti d liu. N thng c kt hp vi k thut truyn cng vic ti

u ha vic s dng ti nguyn, thng lng hoc thi gian p ng yu cu.

Vi mt doanh nghip SaaS y l chc chn l nhng yu t nh gi

xem khch hng ca bn c th c cung cp dch v mc t nht khng.

Mt l do l tn dng nhiu trung tm d liu i l khc nhau

tng kh nng phc hi. tng ca tng ny l cc khch hng khc nhau

s c chuyn nhng trang web chnh khc nhau. Tt c cc trang web c

s dng yu cu dch v v chng hot ng lun phin nhau do hiu

qu s dng cc ti nguyn v kh nng cung cp tng cao.

Mt l do khc chuyn i yu cu dch v c th ca khch hng

ti mi trng c th l chng c th c thc hin theo quy nh ca lut

bo mt d liu quc t. Thc t ring t d liu l mt vn ln, cc quc

gia khc nhau thc hin nhiu phng php tip cn khc nhau bo v d

liu ca cc cng dn. Du vy vn c nhng n lc nhm chun ha vn

ny chng hn nh chng nhn SafeHarbor c pht trin bi M. B

thng mi to iu kin thun li cho vic tun th lut bo mt d liu ca

lin minh Chu u, mt s khch hng t nhng quc gia nht nh c th

yu cu d liu thc c lu tr vt l trn quc gia ca h. Nu cc doanh

nghip SaaS mun kinh doanh cc quc gia nh vy, h phi thay i mi

trng sn xut v nh hng cc yu cu cn thit.

Cc thnh phn khc ca tng ng dng

M hnh kin trc SaaS thm mt s thnh phn tng ng dng.

Thay v ch c mt my ch thng thng chy ng dng ca bn, s c cc

loi my ch chuyn dng khc nhau cung cp c th cc tnh nng.

- My ch qun l danh tnh: Bo mt l mt vn quan trng trong

mi trng SaaS. Kh nng x l linh hot vic qun l danh tnh mt

cch tiu chun s tng cng kh nng cho php khch hng c th

tn dng nhiu ch xc thc. Mt v d ca my ch qun l danh


Trang 21

tnh l OpenSSO. y l mt nn tng my ch lin kt v qun l

truy xut d liu m ngun m, kt hp cc tnh nng ca Sun Java

System Access Manager, Sun Java System Fedearation Manager v

Sun System SAML v2 Java Plugin.

- My ch tch hp: Nh ni phn s pht trin ca SaaS, tch hp

s tr thnh mt vn ct li vi cc dch v SaaS. Cung cp mt

my ch tch hp chuyn dng vi cc tiu chun cng nghip hin c

nh HR, CRMvv, s to iu kin thun li cho khch hng tch

hp gii php SaaS vi h thng hin hnh ca mnh.

- My ch truyn thng: Kt ni c trong v ngoi l thnh phn m

rng bt buc vi mt dch v SaaS, nhng i khi chng b b

qua.N gip tng cng kh nng tip cn khch hng bng nhiu

cch (chng hn email hay cc tin nhn vn bn) h bit h ang

lm vic trong mt ng dng SaaS. Mt my ch email, gi l MTA ,

hot ng kh n gin, tuy nhin c mt c s h tng email mnh

m hn i hi phi c nhiu tng v thit k hn. Ngoi ra, SMTP

email khng nht thit l giao thc truyn thng duy nht c h tr,

v vy tng v mt my ch truyn thng nh mt thnh phn

chnh ca kin trc thc s hu ch.

Qun tr

Qun tr mi trng SaaS ni chung v mi trng kinh doanh ni

ring l mt phn c bit ca gii php SaaS. T khi xem SaaS l cung cp

mt dch v, vic lu n qun tr nh l mt thnh phn quan trng trong

kin trc tng th.

- Qu trnh thanh ton:

Thanh ton cng c th c x l bi mt thnh phn trong

mi trng SaaS hoc bng mt dch v thanh ton ca bn th ba.

Qu trnh thanh ton chp nhn s dng t mt thnh phn kho st

hoc t chi tit hp ng trong trng hp khon ph l c nh. Mt

ha n nh k c to ra t ti liu ny v a n cho khch hng

thanh ton.

Sau khi ha n c to ra v a n cho khch hng, thanh

ton ny phi c x l. Qu trnh ny c th tin hnh giao dch qua

th tn dng hoc chuyn tin in t.


Trang 22

Mt vn ng quan tm tr ph trong m hinhg SaaS l

mt dch v, mt khch hng, thng khng th tr li. V vy, dch

v nn c tng ha trc khi a vo hot ng. N khng phi

lc no cng kh thi, c bit l tnh ph da trn vic tn sut s

dng, nhng n s rt hu ch vi mt nh cung cp dch v SaaS xem

xt cc chnh sch chi tr lin quan v ngng dch v vi cc s vic

khng tr ph.

- iu hnh:

Nhm iu hnh thng chu trch nhim gi cho mi trng

SaaS hot ng lin tc v m bo rng dch v lun c cung cp

ti khch hng. Nu cc thnh phn qun tr c cc cng c qun l

gip cc nhm iu hnh lun d mi th lin tc hot ng. V d

chng ta c th theo di thng tin chi tit mi khch hng, thng tin

lin h ca khch hng, ngy k kt hp ng, khng gian a khch

hng s dng, s lng thnh vin ca mi khch hng.

- H tr khch hng:

Trn l thuyt, h thng h tr, t vn vin, nhn hng thng

c tch hp vo trong thnh phn qun tr. Nu h thng nhn hng

c tch hp t ng trong ng dng SaaS, my khch c th gi

thng tin sn phm trc tip t ng dng, hay gi in n h thng

t vn vin. Thm vo , h cng s c th gi nguyn trng thi ca

thng tin sn phm.

Gim st c s h tng

C s h tng SaaS cn c kh nng phc hi d liu cc b tt nh

phc hi d liu din rng. Quan trng l c th gim st iu hnh ton b

mi trng t phn cng n cc ng dng ni b, trnh b gin on hot

ng hoc nhanh chng x l nu chng xy ra. C nhiu cng c c th

cung cp cc loi hnh gim st nhng c mt cng c rt quan trng cn

c ch l bo co tha thun mc dch v(SLA), h tr s liu v

cht lng s liu. Chng c th c cung cp bi mt thnh phn gim st

mnh m.

- Bo co SLA: SLA cng ngy cng tr thnh mt phn tiu chun

ca hp ng SaaS. Mt trong nhng cch d dng nht qun l

SLA l ch ng gim st v bo co v cc s liu ph hp. T ng


Trang 23

ha v cung cp truy cp n cc bo co ny t ng dng ca khch

hng s lm tng tnh n nh ca mi trng SaaS.

- H tr s liu: H tr theo di s liu l mt phn trong vic qun l

tng th cc tnh nng h tr. Nm c c bao nhiu cuc gi yu

cu h tr n c x l, c bao nhiu thng tin c chuyn n,

thi gian trc tuyn trung bnh tt c cc s liu gip doanh nghip

SaaS qun l xem nhn vin h tr ca h hot ng nh th no v

cn phi lm th no pht trin kinh doanh. Hu ht nhng d liu

ny c cung cp bi mt thnh phn gim st.

Cu hnh

- Cu hnh chc nng

Thng cc cch tip cn chc nng khc nhau c th lm vic

vi cc khch hng khc nhau trong cng mt ng dng. Chng hn

nh i vi mt cu trc d liu phn cp th tt nht nn chn giao

din ngi dng dng cy. Tuy nhin, mt s khch hng nht nh

c qu nhiu d liu, nn t hiu qu cao ngi ta thng tin

hnh phn trang. Trong mt gii php SaaS, khng c l do g

khng cho ngi dng c th chn la gia cc loi chc nng khc

nhau v sau cu hnh chng theo nhu cu s dng. tng v vic

lm th no cu hnh chc nng khng ph thuc v vic ty chnh

rt quan trng c th to thnh gii php SaaS hon thin.

- Cu hnh giao din

Vi cch tip cn tiu chun ngy nay, vic kim sot giao din

ngi dng web u thng qua cc cng ngh, chng hn nh CSS,

n gip pht trin mnh m ng dng SaaS thng qua vic khch

hng c th ty chnh c giao din ngi dng. N bao gm cc

cng vic nh thay i mu sc, font ch, vv hoc thm vo mt

logo ring. Nh vy vic lm mi mt ng dng hay phn mm l

cho php s dng giao din mi trn ng dng hay phn mm .

- Ty chnh cu hnh

Cc m hnh SaaS thng cung cp cho tt c khch hng s

dng mt phin bn ca ng dng. Mt thch thc t ra cho cc nh

cung cp SaaS l lm th no cung cp ti khch hng kh nng

ty chnh ng dng cho ph hp vi nhu cu ca tng c nhn. Mt


Trang 24

phng php tip cn l cho php m rng cc i tng h thng

thng qua cc tham s. Nu thc hin ng bng cch s dng cp

tn-gi tr, cc tham s c th xc nh v s dng mt cch d dng

m khng cn thay i cu trc c s d liu.

2.5. Cc yu cu i vi mt h thng SaaS

2.5.1. H tr nhiu a thu

a thu l nhn t then cht quyt nh hiu qu SaaS. Thng thng

mt ng dng h tr nhiu ngi dng, nhng vi gi nh rng tt c ngi

dng y trong cng mt t chc. M hnh ny l n cho mi trng khng phi

l SaaS, mt t chc s mua mt ng dng cho cc thnh vin ca ca mnh

s dng. Nhng trong mi trng SaaS v m my, nhiu t chc s cng s

dng ng dng ; tt c h phi c kh nng cho php tt c nhng thnh vin

ca mnh cng truy cp n, nhng ng dng cng ch cho php cc thnh vin

ca t chc truy cp d liu ca t chc mnh m thi. Chnh kh nng c

nhiu t chc (gi l a thu) ny, cng tn ti trn cng mt ng dng m

khng lm nh hng n s an ton d liu ca cc t chc , xc nh ng

dng l mt ng dng a thu.

C vi mc a thu:

1. o ha n gin trong m my, ch chia s phn cng

2. Mt ng dng vi cc c s d liu ring bit cho tng bn thu.

3. Mt ng dng v c s d liu c chia s (hiu qu cao nht, a thu

thc s).


Trang 25

Hnh 11: Cc mc a thu

Ngi ta c th bin lun rng m hnh u tin l khng thc s a

thu cht no, nhng n thng c s dng trong mt m my c cc

my ch o ha v c qung co nh l mt dng a thu. Trong thc t,

iu ny cha , v ch c li th rt nh so vi m hnh ASP c c phn

cng dnh ring.

Mc hiu qu nht l trong ng dng hon ton chia s mt c s

d liu v logic nghip v ng dng. t c iu ny c th l mt qu

trnh kh khn i hi nhiu thay i trong lc c s d liu thm mt

m nh danh bn thu vo mi bng v khung nhn, cng nh vit li mi

truy cp SQL thm tiu ch bn thu cho cc b lc. Vic thiu mt on

trong m ngun, c th nh hng n s an ton d liu ca ng dng.

Ngoi cc trng hp truy cp d liu trong ng dng, c th c cc

ng dng khc nh cc trnh vit bo co hoc cc ng dng tin ch cng

phi c sa i, tch hp vic lc bn thu gi cho d liu ca nhng

khch hng ring bit ch c th truy cp c d liu ca khch hng sc th

. Loi truy cp khng trc tip t bn thn ng dng s ny sinh ra cc vn

cn phi c kim sot. Nu bt k ngi dng c quyn no c th

truy sut c s d liu, th cn phi ngn chn h khng truy cp vo d liu

khng thuc nhm h thu.

2.5.2. Bo mt trong ng dng SaaS

Vn bo mt lun l vn quan tm hng u trong trin khai ng

dng SaaS, n lin quan trc tip n lng tin ca ngi dng hin ti v

cc khch hng tim nng. m bo v bo mt cng chng t c kh

nng ca nh cung cp vi khch hng ca mnh. Nhn chung xy dng

mt ng dng SaaS bo mt ta cn quan tm n mt s vn nh sau

- i vi ngi dng: phi c c ch xc nh ngi dng u cui l

ai trc khi cho php h thao tc trn cc vng thng tin nhy cm.

Vn chng thc ngi dng phi lun c trong cc ng dng

SaaS.

- i vi nh pht trin, nh cung cp: y l mt trong nhng nhn t

quan trng quyt nh n bo mt ca ng dng. H cn tm hiu

nhng kin thc c bn v bo mt, v cc cch tn cng v phng


Trang 26

chng tn cng, c vy ng dng do h xy dng nn mi m bo

v kh nng bo mt thng tin.

- V c s vt cht: Server lu tr ng dng cng l mt lu quan

trng. C mt s ng dng bo mt tt nhng t trn server c cu

hnh bo mt km th cng tr thnh nn nhn ca hacker.

- Chnh sch php l ca nh nc, c quan c ch quyn: Cn phi c

nhng chnh sch php l thch hp rn e k ph hoi.

2.5.3. Kh nng ty chnh v c nhn ha ng dng

Ty chnh giao din(look and feel) Thut ng look and feel thng cp n kha cnh hnh nh

ca mt giao din ngi dng nh kiu ch, kch thc, mu sc, hnh nn Vi s xut hin ca CSS ta c th d dng iu khin giao din ca trang web thm ch kim sot cc thuc tnh ca c nhn ngi dng.

- D b nh hng: Mt l do iu khin giao din ca mt ng

dng SaaS l hn ch ca tng c nhn, khch hng. Nhng ngi

c th lc yu c th thch kch thc font ch ln hn hay nhng

ngi m mu th ch c kh nng phn bit mt s mu sc nht

nh V vy cn phi c mt s c ch cho php nhng khch

hng ny c th kim sot c giao din ngi dng ca h.

- Tiu chun cng ty: Khch hng c th mun kim sot giao din

mt ng dng SaaS ph hp vi tiu chun ca cng ty h. Mt

cng ty rt quan tm n thng hiu v h mun my tnh ca

nhn vin phn nh thng hiu . Nhng khch hng khc ch t

cng mun chn logo ca h hin th trn cc trang ng dng.

V vy vic cho php khch hng linh ng trong vn ny c

th khin h d dng chp nhn dch v ca nh cung cp.

- Ty chnh c nhn: Bn cnh s thch c nhn v kh nng ni a

ha nh iu chnh mi gi, ngn ng, ngi dng thng mun

kim sot mi trng lm vic ca mnh trong ng dng. iu ny

bao gm cc thay i cu trc giao din ngi dng nh ty bin

biu ch hin th cc thng tin lin quan, thm ch l cho

php ngi dng thay i kiu font ch, mu sc cho ph hp vi

s thch c nhn. Gii quyt cc nh cu ca c nhn ngi dng

l mt cc d dng gii php SaaS c chp nhn.


Trang 27

Ty chnh hin th

Mt s ty chnh hin th c th lm vic tt vi mt khch hng

nhng khng chc hot ng hiu qu vi mt khch hng khc. Mt v

d n gin, vic phn cp phng ban theo s c th hot ng tt vi

mt doanh nghip nh. Mt doanh nghip ln hn c hng trm phng

ban th vic tm kim d liu l rt kh khn. Cho php khch hng ty

bin ng dng SaaS hoc trnh cc tnh nng khng ph hp nh trn s

gip ng dng ph bin hn.

Mt v d khc l ngi dng c th xc nh nhng thnh phn no

s xut hin sau khi ng nhp. Vi mt ng dng c qu nhiu chc

nng trong khi ngi dng ch mong mun s dng mt s chc nng

nht nh mt cch thng xuyn th vic hin th ton b chc nng i

khi bt hp l. tri nghim ngi dng tt hn, ng dng phi cho

php khch hng c th n hoc hin th cc thnh phn nht nh.

Ty chnh in n

Chng ta ang ng dng CNTT vo cng vic hng ti mt

mi trng lm vic khng cn giy t, tuy nhin cc doanh nghip vn

c nh cu in n. Cung cp cho khch hng kh nng ty chnh u ra ca

h l rt quan trng. c th l vic cung cp logo cng ty, xc nh

tiu u trang v cui trang, cung cp bn quyn, quyn ring t, bo

mt thng bo. Mt ty chn hu ch cho bn in na l cung cp cho

ngi dng kh nng xc nh kiu ch font ch, kch thc, my ch

hoc la chn in m, in nghing hay gch chn. Bng cch ny h c th

d dng thay i u ra ch bng mt ci nhp chut.

Chnh sch bo mt

Bo mt l mi quan tm ln ca khch hng v doanh nghip v

vic cho php khch hng ty chnh ng dng SaaS theo cc chnh sch

ca cng ty minh thc s l vic hu ch. Mt s thit lp thch hp nh

nh dng mt khu (chng hn nh di ti a hoc ti thiu hay yu

cu cc ch s, ch hoa hoc k t c bit), s ln ng nhp tht bi

hoc mt khu ht hn. Gii php SaaS c th cung cp cho khch hng

cc tnh nng xc nh ty chnh thng bo ng nhp vi chnh sch

bo mt ca cng ty. Mt s thit lp bo mt c th cho php khch hng

gii hn truy cp ng dng SaaS t cc a ch IP hoc trong phm vi nht


Trang 28

nh (chng hn ch cho php ng nhp ng dng t mng cng ty). y

cng l mt s thit lp bo mt khc nhau vi tng khch hng, cn xem

xt a vo la chn ty chnh ca ng dng SaaS.

2.5.4. Kh nng tch hp

Ti sao li phi tch hp?

Cu tr li cho cu hi ny tng i n gin. H thng tch hp

tit kim ti nguyn ( thi gian, tiu bn, nhn cng, ) v c s dng

ngun d liu chnh xc, y t mt h thng khc cho h thng hin

ti. D liu trong mt h thng doanh nghip thng c thng c

ly t cc h thng c, s n gin v hiu qu hn nu thc hin mt

tng ca h thng tch hp v d liu c ng b d liu mt cch t

ng vo mi thi im.

tng v h thng tch hp l mt ng dng nh mt lung cng

vic ln. Ging cc thnh phn khc, h thng ny thng ly d liu vo

t mt hoc nhiu h thng khc, t x l tin trnh v sau truyn kt

qu vo mt h thng khc. u im ca h thng tch hp l c kh nng

tng tc mt cc t ng v nhanh chng.

V d v tch hp

C nhiu v d cho h thng hoc lung d liu in hnh cho h

thng tch hp. Chng ta s ni n mt s vn hin ang c cc

doanh nghip xut v sau c cung cp mt h thng tch hp c

bn, ph hp nht.

- Ngun nhn lc: Ngun nhn lc thit yu c o ha trong tt c

cc doanh nghip v cc nhn vin thng c theo di trong mt

vi h thng phn loi con ngi. C mt vi cng ty thng da

trn dch v th mc mng hoc dch v bin ch nh l h thng

ngun theo di nhn vin. Mt vi gii php SaaS cn s hiu bit

ca nhn vin l mt in hnh cho h thng tch hp ln ng

b d liu ny t h thng ngun. Nhng d liu ny thng cha

tn, thng tin lin h, phng ban, a im, m s ngi dng, mt

khu v thng tin xc nhn. Nhp nhng d liu trn v theo di,

cp nht chng mt cch th cng c th l mt cng vic qu kh

khn, c bit vi cc cng ty c mt s lng ln nht vin, bi


Trang 29

th vic u t cho h thng tch hp s tit kim c thi gian v

chi ph mt cch ng k.

- Qun l quan h ngi dng: H thng qun l quan h ngi dng

( CRM ) l mt phn mm ln thc hin t ng tin trnh bn

hng, t tip th n iu tra nhng cch thc thng qua hp ng

v cung cp nhng dch v m rng n nhng khch hng ang c.

Mt v d minh ha cho gii php SaaS l Saleforce.com. Bt k

gii php CRM c s dng bi khch hng no, cng cn tch

hp d liu t ng dng CRM n ng dng khch, hoc da trn

c s hoc l SaaS. Chng bao gm d liu ti chnh bn hng c

tch hp vi gi ti chnh k ton hoc mua bn thng tin m thng

qua mt h thng hoch nh ti nguyn doanh nghip ( ERP).

- Ti chnh: Nh c cp bn trn trong v d CRM, c rt nhiu

tnh hung m cn tch hp mt gii php SaaS vi mt ng

dng ti chnh k ton c th pht sinh. S ci chung thng cha

thng tin c lin quan n kin trc phng ban ca mt tp on

nh l nhng phng ban c lng ti khon t to iu kin thun

li cho vic theo di doanh thu v chi tiu, v n c th l h thng

ngun dc nh ngha cho nhng kiu d liu ny. C mt iu

cn thit theo di tt c nhng giao dch ti chnh trong mt h

thng k ton, bi th mt vi ng dng SaaS lin quan n loi

giao dch ny l mt tim nng in hnh cho mt h thng tch hp.

Cc vn v tch hp

- Ti nguyn v mt cng ngh

L do bo mt l mt vn m nhng h thng tch hp

thng xuyn xem xt khi truy cp d liu trong mi trng khch

hng v ly nhng d liu t mi trng ca h n mi trng

SaaS. Mt kha cnh ca iu ny lm nu d liu c ko v

hoc y . Nu ng dng SaaS ko d liu t khch hng, n to ra

mt li gi khng c yu cu vo trong mi trng khch hng v

thng l vn cho h thng bo mt doanh nghip. Nu d liu

c y n mi trng doanh nghip t nh cung cp SaaS, sau

mt vi kiu ng dng cn c chy trong mi trng y, v thnh

thong h thng bo mt doanh nghip c vn vi n. Khng ch

th, nhng nhng cn thit l my ch m ng dng chy trn v


Trang 30

sau c mt vi chi ph cho phn cng tt nh qun l, iu hnh,

duy tr nhng phn cng kia.

Kha cnh khc ca bo mt l c th cn tr s pht trin ca

h thng tch hp SaaS lin quan n ly truy cp n d liu bn

trong doanh nghip. H thng ngun gi d liu ny c nhng ngi

chu trch nghip cho nhng h thng v d liu. Ch ly quyn ly

ti d liu c th tr thnh mt bi tp cho phng hng chnh xc

ca tp on. Vi mi quyn c phn ra, n cng c th l mt th

thch truy cp vo d liu ti mt thi im nht nh trong qu

trnh x l. V d, nu nh bn cn ng b ha d liu t h thng

HR, l tng cho vic thm mt li gi n nn SaaS ti thi

im d liu c thm mi, xa hoc sa trong h thng ngun.

Thng xuyn hn l iu ny khng kh thi bi v h thng ngun

khng cung cp s linh ng hoc nhng ngi lm bo mt ca h

thng ny khng c chuyn mn cho chng trnh c th gi n API.

- C s h tng:

Vn th ba c th khin vic tch hp tr nn kh khn l

cn c mt thnh phn c s h tng khin cho n lm vic. Nu

nhng my ch cn chy phn mm hoc tng la cn cu hnh

cho php c nhng truy cp thch hp n d liu, c mt vi tc ng

trn c s h tng doanh nghip ca ngi dng. Nu nh cung cp

SaaS hiu r rang nhng tc ng v cung cp nhng la chn linh

hot cho s thi hnh, iu c th gi cho vic tch hp d dng hn

thc hin c vi khch hng v nh cung cp.


Trang 31

Phn III:

Kho st tnh hnh pht trin

SaaS hin nay Vit Nam


Trang 32

Theo nhiu ngun ti liu ni chung th tnh hnh v phn mm hng dch v trn

th gii cng nh Vit Nam c nh gi nh sau:

Trn th gii

phn ny, chng ta khng cp n phn mm SaaS l g, c li ch

nh th no, c khc g vi phn mm truyn thng m hy hiu nm na l:

Phn mm hng dch v l phn mm cho php nhiu ngi dng cng s dng

v c truy cp qua mi trng Internet. Nhng c im v vai tr ca phn

mm ny trong xu th ngy nay th no th chng ta s tm hiu k sau:

Xu hng cung cp phn mm dng hng dch v ang ngy cng c

ch trng v pht trin trn th gii. in hnh l mt s hng phn mm ni

ting cho ra inhiu ng dng dng SaaS nh:

- Google vi Google Docs (mt dng ng dng thay thExcel v Word

nhng chy qua mi trng mng), Google Apps, Gmail ...;

- Microsoft th c Online Office, Microsoft Dynamics CRM ...;

- SalesFoce th c website www.salesfoce.com mt website ni ting v

cung cp cc ng dng SaaS;

- Amazon th ni ting vi website www.amazon.com;

- Ebay: hng mua bn trc tip ln nht th gii hin nay- th ni ting vi

websitewww.ebay.com. c im chung cc website dng ny l u

cung cp ng dng dng SaaS cho ngi s dng. C th lmin ph hoc

c th l thu ph nh k. Cc phn mm dng SaaS hin rt a dng: t

phn mm ng dng phc v nhu cu i chng nh email, Word, Excel,

Access ncc phn mm cao cp thuc cc lnh vc nh CRM, ERP... th

SaaS u gp mt. ngdng dng SaaS c th cung cp min ph ti

ngi dng nh Gmail, Google Docs...hoc c tnh ph vi ngi s dng

nh Office Online, cc ng dng trong lnh vc

Trong nc

Theo kho st ca nhm thc hin, s lng phn mm hng dch v

Vit Namhin rt t so vi s lng phn mm truyn thng. iu cho thy,

phn mm hngdch v Vit Nam mi ch trong giai on u. Mt vi

website TMT VN cung cp phn mm theo hng dch v di dng cho

php ngi dng ng k thnhvin v c mt website ring. in hnh l mt

s trang nh: www.gophatdat.com, www.1001shoppings.com,www.vietmy.vn,

www.dava.vn... Trong s nhng trang trn th trang www.gophatdat.com.vn v


Trang 33

trang www.dava.vn c m hnh phn mm hng dch v tng i r nt. Tuy

nhin, cng nh nhng trang TMT truyn thng, a phn cc trang ny vn

vng phi cc hn ch khch quan v ch quan nh nu trn. V th cc

site ny pht trin v thnh cng mt cch ton din th vn cn phi c thi

gian.Hng i pht trin phn mm TMT theo m hnh SaaS l mt la chn

ph hp vi tnh hnh th gii v Vit Nam hin nay. hi r ti sao m hnh

phn mm ny li ph hp vi tnh hnh Vit Nam v th gii trong tng lai,

chng ta th phn tch mts thun li v kh khn ca TMT v m hnh cung

cp phn mm truyn thng Vit Nam c cu tr li thch ng nht.

Nhiu doanh nghip cung cp dch v logistics Vit Nam hin nay u

cho rng CNTT l ro cn kh ln khi cnh tranh vi doanh nghip nc ngoi.

Trong thc t, nhn nh l hon ton chnh xc. Dch v CNTT vi cc tnh

nng cho php theo di, kim sot, qun l dng chy hng ha l mt phn

khng th thiu trong cc gi thu dch v hin nay, m , cc doanh nghip

nc ngoi ang chim u th r rt.

Tuy nhin, khng phi khng c ngoi l. Trng hp mt doanh nghip

cung cp kho bi Vit Nam ng dng SaaS hiu qu l mt v d m . L mt

nh cung cp kho thun ty vi gn 10 nm hot ng, doanh nghip ny (tm

gi l doanh nghip A v l do bo mt) rt nng ng vi nhng dch v c bn

p ng tt nhu cu ca khch hng. Nhng ch doanh nghip sm nhn ra rng,

nu ch cung cp kho thi s gim mt rt nhiu li nhun v ngy cng yu th

trong cnh tranh vi cc i th mi xut hin, c bit l cc cng ty logistics

nc ngoi. Vi din tch gn 10 ngn mkho v nhng k hoch m rng hn

na, doanh nghip A nghin cu cc hng nng tm dch v. Mt trong

nhng im yu m doanh nghip pht hin ra chnh l CNTT. Mt s khch

hng b i v cng ty khng p ng c yu cu v h thng CNTT. C hi

n vo cui nm 2008, khi mt khch hng trong lnh vc cng ngh ch

ng xut h tr doanh nghip ng dng CNTT bng cch gii thiu doanh

nghip A tip cn vi SaaS. Theo gii thiu, doanh nghip A chn s dng

SmartTurn, mt cng ty kh ni trong lnh vc cung cp dch v phn mm qun

l kho (WMS) di hnh thc SaaS. Mc ph ci t ban u 3.000 USD v ph

hng thng 800 USD l chp nhn c vi chnh doanh nghip A v khch

hng ca mnh. Hn th na, vi SaaS ca SmartTurn, doanh nghip A gi y

khng ch cung cp cc dch v lu kho thng thng na, cng ty bt u cung

cp cc dch v qun l hng trong kho theo tng SKU nh (ti gn 500 SKU),


Trang 34

qun l theo ngy thng, theo v tr trong kho, ng thi cung cp cc dch v gi

tr gia tng nh ng gi, ti ng gi, thu hi, kim m, nhng dch v m

ngy trc khch hng t lm ly hoc thu li mt cng ty logistics nc ngoi.

Li th r. Khng ch dng y, SaaS cn gip doanh nghip A cung cp

cc thng tin kp thi v tn kho, lu chuyn, xut nhp hng cng nh cc bo

co kim m hng ha nh k. T mt khch hng, cng ty A tip tc tip cn

cc khch hng khc trn nn dch v SaaS vn c. Thm ch h cn tham gia

u t thm h thng my qut m vch (RF) nng cao nng sut v chnh

xc qun l hng ha. i vi cng ty A, mt h thng WMS khng cn xa l

na, thm ch nhn vin cng ty cng cm thy nh c mt s thay i v chin

lc kinh doanh hng ti s bn vng.

Mt cnh ca r rng m ra gip cc doanh nghip Vit Nam c th

cnh tranh tt hn, nht l lnh vc dch v logistics. Tuy nhin, SaaS khng

phi l vin n bc, m n ch l mt cng c, ging nh my ko thay th ci

cy v con tru vy, nu ngi li my cy khng nng lc bt n hot

ng mt cch hiu qu th c cng nh khng m thi. Chnh con ngi l yu

t m mi doanh nghip cn c bit ch trng trong k hoch trin khai SaaS.

Nhn chung, s nhn xt v SaaS ti Vit Nam th l cha tin ti m

my c, ch ang dng li mc ng dng web. Hng lot nhng doanh

nghip va v nh ang tm hiu v trin khai cng ngh SaaS nhng nhn chung

ch c mt vi cng ty ln trin khai c mc thp. Tiu biu nh cng

ty Misa vi phn mm HRM, cng ty BKIS vi d n phn mm qut virus trc

tuyn BKAV, phn mm scan web trc tuyn, FPT Telecom ang trin khai

SaaS di dng cc kho lu tr ng dng tm c quc gia, V mt bng

chung th tm gi l dng c, cha c g ng ni. Kh khn y l do iu

kin v mt nhn lc, kinh ph, trang thit b, cng ngh cn hn ch. Thun li

y l ang trong thi k pht trin cng ngh thng tin cng nh m my.

Theo d bo ca cc chuyn gia th SaaS s tip tc tng trng 15% mi

nm trong cc nm ti. t nht, trong bi cnh nn kinh t ang m m nh hin

nay, SaaS vn l la chn khng th tt hn cho cc doanh nghip va v nh

mun nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca mnh. Cn vi cc nh cung cp dch v

logistics, SaaS l c hi bn c th ng ngang vi cc i th khng l ca

mnh v CNTT v hn th na m khng cn u t qu nhiu.


Trang 35

Phn IV:

Chng trnh th nghim


Trang 36

1. Mc tiu

c c mt h thng SaaS hon thin v c kh nng ng dng trong thc t,

cn phi thc hin c cc mc tiu:

Xy dng mt portal c y cc chc nng SaaS

- Qun l ti khon ngi dng

- Qun l kho ng dng, cc phin bn ca ng dng

- H tr nhiu phng n a thu, cho php ngi dng thu cc ng dng

v qun l qu trnh s dng ca ngi dng

- Ci t, g b, nng cp ng dng nhanh chng

- Tch hp thanh ton trc tuyn thun tin cho vic

- H tr ng nhp mt cng, c h thng API giao tip vi cc ng dng

khc trn h thng, qun l c ng dng phn tn

Cc ng dng trong h thng cn p ng nhu cu

- Thch ng nhiu i tng ngi dng khc nhau, cho php ty bin giao

din, ngn ng, hoc c th l c chc nng

- Kh nng nng cp nhanh chng, ng b

- Bo mt m bo

- D s dng

2. Thit k c s d liu

STT Bng d liu Chc nng

1 service Qun l tt c cc ng dng trn h thng

2 version Qun l cc phin bn ca ng dng

3 category Nhm cc ng dng theo loi

4 user Qun l ngi dng

5 active Dng kch hot ti khon ngi dng

6 session Qun l ng nhp, hot ng hin ti ca ngi dng

7 user_service Qun l cc ng dng ang c s dng bi ngi dng


Trang 37

8 history Lu li nht k cc qu trnh ci t, nng cp, g b ng

dng ca ngi dng

9 admin Qun l nhng ngi qun tr vin ca h thng

10 adminlog Lu li lch s cc qun tr vin thay i h thng

C s d liu chi tit

Bng service

service

STT Tn trng Kiu d liu Ch thch

1 id int pk

2 name varchar

3 categoryid int fk:category

4 title varchar

5 logo image

6 default_url varchar

7 source varchar

8 description varchar

9 author varchar


Trang 38

version


1 id int pk

2 serviceid int fk:service

3 version_string varchar M ch ca phin bn

4 version_code int M s ca phin bn

5 poster image nh qung co

6 releasedate date

7 author varchar


9 installcode varchar Code ci t mi

10 upgradecode varchar Code nng cp t bn thp hn gn

nht

11 source varchar V tr cha m ngun

12 default_url varchar a ch ban u truy cp ng dng

sau khi ci

Bng category

category


1 id int pk

2 name varchar

3 title varchar


Trang 39

4 logo image

5 default_url varchar

6 source varchar


8 author varchar

Bng user

user


1 id int pk

2 username varchar

3 password char

4 salt char

5 firstname varchar

6 lastname varchar

7 birthday date

8 gender bit

9 avatar image

10 address varchar

11 email varchar

12 phone varchar

13 mobile varchar


Trang 40


15 actived varchar

16 registereddate date

17 lastvisitdate date

Bng active

active


1 id int pk

2 userid int fk:user

3 activecode char

Bng session

session


1 id int pk


3 useragent varchar

4 clientip char

5 logintime int

6

hash char M hash c m ha t cc thng s trn m bo cookie ca ngi dng khng b khai thc tri php


Trang 41

Bng user_service

user_service


1 id int pk



4 installdate date

5 expireddate date

6 versionid int fk:version


8 custom_url varchar a ch ty chnh ca ngi dng

Bng history

history


1 id int pk


3 time datetime

4 type enum install, remove, upgrade, suspend,

reload


6 versionid int fk:version



Trang 42

Bng admin

admin


1 id int pk

2 name varchar

3 password char

4 salt char

5 firstname varchar

6 lastname varchar

7 birthday date

8 gender bit

9 avatar image

10 address varchar

11 email varchar

12 phone varchar

13 mobile varchar


16 registereddate date

17 lastvisitdate date

Bng admin_log

adminlog


Trang 43


1 id int pk

2 adminid int fk:admin

3 time datetime

4 location varchar

5 action enum release, delete, update


3. Gii thiu ng dng SaaS Portal

Giao din chnh ca chng trnh gm cc thnh phn:

- Khung ng nhp dnh cho ngi s dng

- Hp thoi thng bo mi ng k nu ngi xem cha c ti khon trn h

thng

- Phn gii thiu cc ng dng h thng ang c


Trang 44

Hnh 12: Giao din chnh ca chng trnh

ng k mt ti khon mi, ngi xem c th bm vo nt Register Now

c dn n trang ng k

Hnh 13: Giao din ng k ti khon

Ngi dng in y thng tin c yu cu theo biu mu v bm nt

ng k, sau qu trnh xc thc ngi dng, ngi s dng s c th tin hnh ng

nhp vo ti khon ca mnh v s dng cc dch v ca h thng.


Trang 45

Hnh 14: Giao din c nhn ngi dng

Sau khi ng nhp, ngi dng c chuyn n trang c nhn, bao gm cc

thng tin v dch v ang s dng, cc dch v ca h thng v trng thi ca chng.

Vi nhng ng dng cha ci t, ngi dng c th tin hnh ci t v s

dng chng. Cng nh c th g b hay nng cp ln phin bn mi ca ng dng,

tt c cc qu trnh thao tc ca ngi dng s c h thng ghi vo nht k ring

ca ngi .

Vi mi ng dng, ngi dng s c h thng cung cp sn mt a ch

truy cp. Ngi dng cng c th ng k s dng tn min ring cho ng dng

ca mnh.

Hai ngi dng khc nhau ng k s dng cng mt ng dng c c s d

liu ring, khng nh hng tc ng ln nhau khi mt trong hai ngi dng thay

i cp nht d liu vo c s d liu.


Trang 46

Hnh 15: ng dng danh b trc tuyn trn a ch http://localhost/danhba/ducthinh

Hnh 16: ng dng danh b trc tuyn trn a ch

http://localhost/danhba/mrlordkaj

Trong khi ng dng danh b trc tuyn ca ngi dng c tn mrlordkaj c

danh sch n v l cy thng tin ca trng i hc m a cht, th danh sch n

v ca ngi dng c tn ducthinh li ch c mt cy n v mu. Mc d hai trang


Trang 47

ny u s dng chung b m ngun nhng c s d liu c phn tch ring

bit qun l.

Khi c mt s thay i trong b m ngun mt ng dng lp tc tt c cc

trang web s dng b m ngun cng thay i theo. S thay i, nng cp ny

hon ton trong sut vi ngi dng. Tng t nh vy khi cn thay i cu trc c

s d liu ca ng dng, tt c cc trang c s dng ng dng ny cng thay i

theo.

Hnh 17: Giao din ca Danh b trc tuyn, mt ng dng trong h thng SaaS

Trong ng dng ny ngi dng, y thng l mt n v hoc mt t

chc, s cung cp ti khon cho cc thnh vin ca mnh. Cc thnh vin s s dng

ti khon ng nhp vo ng dng.

Khi thnh vin ng nhp thnh cng, khu vc ng nhp s c chuyn

thnh bng chc nng. cung cp cho thnh vin cc chc nng i mt khu,

i thng tin c nhn v ng xut.


Trang 48

Hnh 18: Giao din ca Danh b trc tuyn sau khi ng nhp

Hnh 19: Giao din i mt khu


Trang 49

Hnh 20: Giao din trang Sa thng tin c nhn

Chc nng sa thng tin c nhn cung cp cho ngi dng tnh nng sa

thng tin v sa nh h s. Mi thnh vin ch c quyn sa thng tin c nhn ca

mnh. Ngi qun l c quyn c sa thng tin ca ton b thnh vin.

Sau khi sa thng tin, thnh vin s dng s n vo nt Cp nht cp nht

thng tin vo c s d liu.


Trang 50

Hnh 8: Tra cu trn Danh b trc tuyn

Chc nng tra cu trn ng dng Danh b trc tuyn cho php thnh vin s

dng tra cu theo cy danh sch n v hoc tra cu theo tn. Vi cy danh sch n

v, danh sch cc n v c hin th, thnh vin s dng chn n v cn tra cu,

khi danh sch cc thnh vin trong n v s c hin th khung bn phi.

Vi tra cu theo tn, thnh vin s dng g tn ca thnh vin cn tra cu thng tin

vo tm kim. Khi nhng thnh vin trng vi kt qu tm kim s c tr v

danh sch bn di tm kim. Thnh vin s dng chn hng cn xem v thng tin

s c hin th theo yu cu.

Khi mun g b mt ng dng khi ti khon, ngi dng ch cn n vo nt

Xa ng dng ny. Lp tc ng dng s c g b khi ti khon ca ngi

dng. Khi trng thi ca ng dng tr v cha ci t.


Trang 51

Phn V:

Kt lun


Trang 52

Bn nghin cu khoa hc v ti Nghin cu m hnh SaaS (Software as a

Services) trong pht trin phn mm trnh by cc khi nim, kin trc cng nh

yu cu i vi m hnh SaaS trong pht trin phn mm. Cng vi nhm a

ra c chng trnh nghin cu p dng m hnh SaaS minh ha cho m hnh

ny.

Vi mc tiu nm bt c tnh hnh trin khai m hnh SaaS ti Vit Nam,

cng tim nng ng dng m hnh trong th trng kinh doanh phn mm ti Vit

Nam chng trnh cng a ra cc thng k v tnh hnh pht trin cng nh tim

nng pht trin ca m hnh mi m ny ti Vit Nam. C th nhn thy y l m

hnh mang nhiu tnh nng u vit, mng li nhiu li ch cho ngi s dng cng

nh nh cung cp trong trin khai h thng.

Hng pht trin nghin cu

Pht trin thm cc ng dng con trong kho ng dng ca chng trnh th

nghim nu. Cc ng dng c tnh ng dng cao , c bit ph hp vi trng

i hc m a cht.

Tng cng kh nng bo mt cho chng trnh, nghin cu kh nng phng

trnh cc cuc tn cng nhm vo chng trnh, ng thi nghin cu kh nng

phc hi h thng nu b tn cng.

Nghin cu, b sung cc tin ch kh nng tch hp ca chng trnh vi cc

chng trnh c sn.

Tng kh nng ty chnh v c nhn ha cho chng trnh.


Trang 53

Danh mc cc ch vit tt

STT T

kha Ngha ting Anh Ngha ting Vit

1 SaaS Software as a Service Phn mm nh mt dch v

2 CC Cloud Computing in ton m my

3 ICT Infomation and Communication

Technologies

Cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng

4 ERP Enterprise Resource Planning Qun l ngun lc doanh

nghip

5 NIST National Institute of Standards and

Technology

Vin tiu chun v cng ngh M

6 IaaS Infrastructure as a Service C s h tng nh mt dch

v

7 PaaS Platform as a service Nn tng nh mt dch v

8 API Application programming Interface Giao din lp trnh ng

dng

9 ISV Independent software vendor Nh pht trin ng dng

c lp

10 CRM Customer relationship management Qun l quan h khch

hng


Trang 54

11 IT Information technology Tin hc

12 HR Human Resource Ngun nhn lc

13 MTA Mail Transfer Agent My ch email

14 SLA Service level agreement Tha thun mc dch v

15 CSS Cascading style sheets nh dng vn bn

16 SQL Struct query language Ngn ng truy vn c cu

trc


Trang 55

Ti liu tham kho

1. SaaS Integration - Progress Software

2. SaaS Architecture Progress Software

3. SaaS Usability Personalization - Progress Software

4. http://www.ibm.com

5. How companies successfully buy, manage, host and deliver software as a

service (SaaS) - Gerard Blokdijk

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