safety on rangehood from a perspective of ul 507
TRANSCRIPT
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All rights reserved. No portion of this material may be reprinted in any form without the express written pe provided in writing.
ByMay, 2009
Safety onRangehood based on UL 507
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工程师
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Please make sure your cell pone in mute mode, thanks.
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Intention of Safety Regulation
Construction Review
(10 min.)
(120 min.)
(15 min.)
Marking and Instruction
ObjectiveTo Be In Awareness of
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“You have to learn the rules of the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else.”
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Intention of Safety Regulation
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Safety Regulation
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TO assure safe and healthful working and living conditions for people to prevent loss of life and property damage.
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Why not protect the safety of life and property?
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Because…
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pre·ventVerb, Archaic
To anticipate or counter in advance.
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prevent protectvs.
Now youNow you know the
sudiffe
know
btlerence
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Safety Regulation
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To prescribe standards to establish benchmarks for all industries
Just
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You will see…
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So…
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To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health; and for other purposes.
the original
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The OSH Act 1970Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970
December 29, 1970
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Legislation need be embodied into regulations such as 29 CFR.
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29 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations)
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Industries work out the nitty-gritty requirements which constitute of various standards.
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Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL)
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OSHA need authorize and monitor private sector organizations, so NRTL program came into existence.
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In the evaluation of the NRTLs, OSHA will use either consensus-based standardscurrently in use nationally, or other standards or criteria which may be considered appropriate.
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The NRTL determines that specific equipment and materials ("products") meet consensus-based standards of safety to provide the assurance, required by OSHA, that these products are safe for use in the U.S. workplace.
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s are third-party organizations recognizedby OSHA as having the capability to provide productsafety testing and certification services to themanufacturers of a wide range of products for use in the American workplace.
The testing and certifications are based on productsafety standards developed by U.S.-based standards developing organizations and often issued by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).
NRTL
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Many product “approval” requirements are found in OSHA’s standards (29 CFR Parts 1910, 1915, 1918, and 1926). Approval, i.e., NRTL testing and certification, is required for many types of products, including
– Electrical equipment
– Fire detecting and extinguishing equipment
– Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) utilization equipment
– Equipment to be used in hazardous locations
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Regulations can only assure relative safety, not absolute!
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Id
u s tr y R e
a l i t y
nSafety
Standards are the compromise between safety&health and industry reality such as cost, technology!
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Testing are simulation of reality, not reality!
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Construction Review
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Hazards
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Hazards
Electric Shock
Mechanical Hazard
Fire Hazard
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Tempered Glass
Enclosure
Filter
Mounting Means
Power Supply Cord
Impeller (blower wheel)
Ⅰ
Ⅲ
Ⅱ
Ⅳ
Duct
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Ⅰ
Your skin is your first protection from the world,
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for appliance, so is Enclosure!
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2.3.3 ENCLOSURE - That part of the product that:
a) Renders inaccessible all or any parts of the fan that present a risk of electric shock or injury to persons due to total or partial collapse with a resulting reduction of spacings, loosening or displacement of parts, or other serious defects; or
b) Retards propagation of flame initiated by electrical disturbances occurring within.
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Fire
Fire
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2.3.3 ENCLOSURE - That part of the product that:
a) Renders inaccessible all or any parts of the fan that present a risk of electric shock or injury to persons due to total or partial collapse with a resulting reduction of spacings, loosening or displacement of parts, or other serious defects; or
b) Retards propagation of flame initiated by electrical disturbances occurring within.
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Enclosure Material:Metal
Gavanized sheet steel, 0.74 mmUncoated sheet steel, 0.66 mm
Nonferrous sheet steel, 0.91 mm
Non-MetalPolymeric material, ? mm
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6.3 Non-metallic enclosures
6.3.1 A non-metallic enclosure shall comply with the applicable mechanical and electrical property considerations, flammability, and thermal requirements as specified in the Standard for Polymeric Materials - Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C.
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UL 746C:
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Mechanical requirement:Ball Impact Test [polymeric enclosure]
This ball?
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Mechanical requirement:Static Load Test For Mounting Means [complete unit]
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Mechanical requirement:Mold Stress Relief Test [polymeric parts]
Internal Stress results from molding or fabrication process!
BECAUSE
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2.3.3 ENCLOSURE - That part of the product that:
a) Renders inaccessible all or any parts of the fan that present a risk of electric shock or injury to persons due to total or partial collapse with a resulting reduction of spacings, loosening or displacement of parts, or other serious defects; or
b) Retards propagation of flame initiated by electrical disturbances occurring within.
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8 Accessibility of Moving Parts :
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9 Accessibility of Live Parts :
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Tempered Glass
Enclosure
Filter
Mounting Means
Power Supply Cord
Impeller (blower wheel)
Ⅱ
Duct
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ⅡEntirely of metal
Filter
Activated carbon contained [R/C as Class 1 or 2 to UL 900]
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A REUSEABLE METAL
Filter can act as safeguardagainst mechanical hazard such as rotating impeller
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Tempered Glass
Enclosure
Filter
Mounting Means
Power Supply Cord
Impeller (blower wheel)
Ⅲ
Duct
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ⅢMetal
Impeller
Polymeric material
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Polymeric Impeller Material parameters:
HDT [Heat Deflection Temperature]
75 ℃ @ 455.07 kPa
RTI 60 ℃
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Polymeric Impeller Material parameters:
HDT [Heat Deflection Temperature]
75 ℃ @ 455.07 kPa
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UL 746C:
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Tempered Glass
Enclosure
Filter
Mounting Means
Power Supply Cord
Impeller (blower wheel)
Ⅳ
Duct
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ⅣPower supply cord
POWER SUPPY
Field wiring
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Power supply cord:
91.6.4 For cord-connected rangehoods, the cord type shall be one of the following: HS, HSO, HSJ, HSJO, S, SE, SO, SOO, ST, STO, STOO, SJ, SJO, SJOO, SJT, SJTO, or SJTOO.
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Power supply cord:
91.6.5 The length of a rangehood cord shall not be less than 3 ft (0.9 m) and shall not be more than 4 ft (1.22 m),
3 ft (0.9 m) ≤ length ≤ 4 ft (1.22 m)
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Power supply cord:
91.6.8 The attachment plug of a power supply cord for a cord-connected rangehood shall be of the grounding type.
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Power supply cord:
91.6.11 A flexible power supply cord for a cord-connected rangehood shall vertically exit the top-most horizontal surface of the rangehood.
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Field wiring:
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Article 300 – Wiring Method300.15 Boxes, Conduit Bodies, or Fittings —Where Required
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152.4 mm (6 inches):
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Wiring terminals and leads:
Length ≥152.4 mm (6 inches)
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Wiring terminals and leads:
Leads ≥ 18 AWG
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Wiring terminalsand leads:
Terminal Screw ≥ No. 10 (4.8 mm)
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Wiring terminalsand leads:A = fixed part
B = washer or clamping plate
C = anti-spread device
D = conductor space
Screws need retaining means for conductors, such as upturned lugs, a cupped washer, or the equivalent
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Field Wiring compartment:Openings for conduit
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Field Wiring compartment:Openings for conduit
knockout
Surrounding flat surface
26.29Φ
79.038.022.22 +
−Φ
Unit: mm
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Field Wiring compartment:the area surrounding the knockout
knockout26.29Φ
Surrounding flat surface
Unit: mm
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Field Wiring compartment:the area surrounding the knockout
26.29Φ
The thickness of sheet steel at grey area ≥ 0.81 mm
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Field Wiring compartment:Volume Calculation
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Field Wiring compartment:Volume Calculation
Note - The usable volume of terminal compartments should be considered the net volume less the volume of any components located within the terminal compartment such as capacitors, switches, relays, and terminal blocks.
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Field Wiring compartment:Volume CalculationFor a given rangehood which employs 2 supply leads of 18AWG plus 1 grounding lead, there are 1 capacitor of 4 cm by 3 cm by 1 cm within the field wiring compartment:
Branch supply conductors within House, 14 AWG
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Field Wiring compartment:Volume Calculation
32.4926.24 cm=×Usable(net)
2 supply leads within appliance
331.98377.32 cm=×2 branch supply conductors plus 1
equipment grounding conductor
Tare312134 cm=××1 capacitor
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Field Wiring compartment:Volume CalculationGross = Usable(net) + Tare
351.1591231.982.49 cm=++
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Tempered Glass
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Non-shattering or
Tempered Glass
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UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES
CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT DECISION
92.7Loading test for glass rangehood surfaces
92.8 Tempered glass impact test
20070814
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92.8 Tempered glass impact test
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Section 5.1
Impact Test
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Marking and Instruction
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Duct
Enclosure
Mounting Means
Power Supply Cord
LampUL 1598
ICC
ClearanceAHJ
NFPA
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Rating Label
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(e) Marking—
(2) Durability. The marking shall be
of sufficient durability to withstand
the environment involved.
(1) Identification of manufacturer
and ratings. Electric equipment
may not be used unless the following
markings have been placed on
the equipment:
(i) The manufacturer’s name, trademark,
or other descriptive marking by
which the organization responsible for
the product may be identified; and
(ii) Other markings giving voltage,
current, wattage, or other ratings as
necessary.29CFR1910.303
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62.1 General
62.1.1 An appliance shall be plainly and permanently marked where visible with:
a) The manufacturer's name, trademark, or other descriptive marking by which the organization responsible for the product is identified - hereinafter referred to as the manufacturer's name;
b) A distinctive catalog number or the equivalent;
c) The electrical rating; and
d) The date or other dating period of manufacture not exceeding any three consecutive months. See 62.1.2.
For a permanently-connected appliance, the marking shall be visible after installation.
UL 507
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DANGER-
WARNING-
CAUTION-
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Mounting MeansDuct
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Installation Instruction
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64A.3 A small part not provided with the appliance for mounting shall be referenced in the installation instructions.
64A.4 An accessory for a permanently installed fan shall be provided with instructions detailing proper installation procedures.
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To Identify
Remote blower assemblies
CONSTRUCTION Ducted
Integral blower assemblies
Non-ductedCeiling/Island Mount
Wall Mount
Under-Cabinet Mount
INSTALLATION
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Downdraft
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by