saqartvelo hidroeleqtrosadgurebis kaskadi md. mtkvarze ...energy.gov.ge/projects/pdf/pages/atskuri...

saqarTvelo

hidroeleqtrosadgurebis kaskadi

md. mtkvarze (zeda weli)

winaswari teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTeba

saqarTvelos energetikis saministros davalebiT

angariSi

201

0-00

3 saqarTvel

o. hdoel

ectrosadgurebis kaskadi

md. mtkvarze. winaswari teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTeba

saqarTvelo. hidroeleqtrosadgurebis kaskadi md. mtkvarze (zeda weli).


2

dokumentis Sesaxeb

Econ-s angariSi # R-2010-003

proeqtis #. 5Z090105.10

ISSN 0803-5113

kodi BJB/ kki, EMA

damTavrebis TariRi 7 ianvari 2010w.

xelmisawvdomoba SezRuduli

sakontaqto informacia

<<aq ganTavsdeba sakontaqto informacia>>

Copyright © 2010 Pöyry AS

All rights reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Pöyry AS.

Disclaimer

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3



4

s a r C e v i

1 Sesavali nawili ............................................................................................................ 11

1.1 arsebuli da potenciuri hidroenergetikuli potenciali md. mtkvris zeda welSi ........................................................................................................................................ 11

1.2 dizaini da koncefciis prezentacia ...................................................................................... 17

1.2.1 proeqtiT gaTvalisiwnebuli rezervuarebi...................................................................... 19

1.2.2 proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli hesebi ...................................................................................... 22

2 klimati da hidrologia .................................................................................... 25

2.1 klimati ................................................................................................................................................... 25

2.2 hidrologia .......................................................................................................................................... 32

2.2.1 wyalSemkrebi auzi ............................................................................................................................. 32

2.2.2 meTodologia da wyaroebi ........................................................................................................... 34

2.2.3 sezonuri modineba ............................................................................................................................. 37

2.2.4 mravalwliuri modinebis variantebi da tendenciebi ................................................ 39

2.2.5 generaciis saangariSo modineba ................................................................................................ 40

2.2.6 qveda dinebis zegavlena ................................................................................................................. 45

2.2.7 wyaldidobis sixSiris analizi ............................................................................................... 47

2.2.8 wylis xarisxi da natani.............................................................................................................. 47

2.2.9 wylis minimaluri xarjebi......................................................................................................... 49

3 geologiuri situacia .......................................................................................... 51

3.1 md. mtkvris samxreT ferdobis sainJinro-geologiuri maxasiaTeblebi ......... 51

3.2 reliefis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi ....................................................................................... 53

3.3 kaSxlis teritoriis geologiuri pirobebi ................................................................... 60

3.4 seismuri riskebi da analizi ..................................................................................................... 60

4 dizaini da samSeneblo samuSaoebi ........................................................ 65

4.1 saerTo mosazrebebi .......................................................................................................................... 65

4.1.1 samuSaos Sesrulebis koncefcia ............................................................................................. 65

4.1.2 adreuli Seswavlis mimoxilva da Sefaseba .................................................................... 65

4.2 wyalsacavis kaSxlis adgilmdebareobis alternativebi ......................................... 66

4.2.1 dizainis parametrebi ........................................................................................................................ 71

4.3 xerTvisi hesi ....................................................................................................................................... 79

4.3.1 rezervuari da qvanayari kaSxali ........................................................................................... 79

4.3.2 wyalmimRebi .............................................................................................................................................83

4.3.3 sadawneo sistema ................................................................................................................................ 84

4.3.4 hesis Senoba ........................................................................................................................................... 87

4.4 niala hmesi .............................................................................................................................................. 88

4.4.1 rezume ........................................................................................................................................................ 88

4.4.2 rezervuari da qvanayari kaSxali ........................................................................................... 89

4.4.3 nagebobebi md. karzameTiswyalidan nialas wyalsacavamde ...................................... 95

4.4.4 mimyvani konstruqciebi ...................................................................................................................96



5

4.4.5 wyalmimRebi ............................................................................................................................................ 97

4.4.6 hesis Senoba .......................................................................................................................................... 99

4.5 aspinZa hesi ........................................................................................................................................... 101

4.5.1 mimoxilva ............................................................................................................................................... 101

4.5.2 sadawneo sistema .............................................................................................................................. 104

4.5.3 hesis Senoba ......................................................................................................................................... 105

4.6 samuSaoTa gansazRvra .................................................................................................................... 108

4.7 mSeneblobis periodi ....................................................................................................................... 111

5 saWiro infrastruqturis ganviTareba ........................................ 114

5.1 gzebi .......................................................................................................................................................... 114

5.2 tipiuri grZivi Wrili .................................................................................................................. 115

5.3 gadamcemi xazebi ................................................................................................................................. 115

6 gamomuSaveba ......................................................................................................................117

6.1.1 eleqtro energiis gamomuSavebis kalkulaciebi .......................................................... 117

6.1.2 generacia ................................................................................................................................................ 119

7 garemosa da socialuri riskebis analizi ............................... 123

8 mtkvris kaskadis gaxorcielebisTvis saWiro

nebarTvebi .......................................................................................................................... 126

8.1 garemos analizis momzadeba ..................................................................................................... 127

8.2 saerTaSoriso moTxovnebi .......................................................................................................... 128

9 xarjTaRricxva ............................................................................................................. 131

10 ekonomikuri da finansuri analizi ................................................. 133

10.1 regionis eleqtro energiis bazris mokle mimoxilva ............................................133

10.2 proeqtis finansuri analizi ................................................................................................... 134



6

გამოყენებული შემოკლებული აღნიშვნები:

SEE სახელმწიფო ეკოლოგიური ექსპერტიზა

EIA გარემოზე ზემოქმედების შეფასება

IRR უკუგების შიდა ნორმა

CW სამშენებლო სამუშაოები

E&M მოწყობილობები და დანადგარები

სემეკი საქართველოს ელექტროენერგიისა და წყლის მარეგულირებელი ეროვნული კომისია

ჰესი ჰიდროელექტროსადგური

ჰმესი ჰიდრომააკუმულირებელი ელექტროსადგური

მლნ. მილიონი

მ.ზ.დ. მეტრი ზღვის დონიდან

ნ.შ.დ. ნორმალური შეტბორვის დონე

მ.შ.დ. მინიმალური შეტბორვის დონე

ფ.შ.დ. ფორსირებული შეტბორვის დონე

თესი თბოელექტროსადგური

აშშ $ აშშ დოლარი

აშშ ც. აშშ ცენტი

მინ. მინიმალური

მაქს. მაქსიმალური

მ/სადგური, ჰ/ს ჰიდრომეტეოროლოგიური სადგური

გმა გრუნტის მაქსიმალური აჩქარება



7

განზომილებები:

ტ ტონა

კგ კილოგრამი

მგ მილიგრამი

მმ მილიმეტრი

სმ2 კვადრატული სანტიმეტრი

მ მეტრი

მ2 კვადრატული მეტრი

მ3 კუბური მეტრი

კმ კილომეტრი

კმ2 კვადრატული კილომეტრი

კვტ კილოვატი

მვტ მეგავატი

კვტ.სთ კილოვატ საათი

მვტ.სთ მეგავატ საათი

kV, კვ კილოვოლტი

წმ წამი

კგ/წმ კილოგრამი/წამი

გ/მ3 გრამი/კუბური მეტრი

ლ/წმ ლიტრი/წამი

მპა მეგაპასკალი

ბრ/წთ ბრუნი/წუთი

მვა, MVA მეგავოლტ ამპერი

ჰ, Hz ჰერცი

მ/წმ მეტრი/წამი

მ3/წმ კუბური მეტრი/წამი



8

zogadi mimoxilva

Sesavali

winamdebare angariSis daniSnulebaa investorebma, romlebic dainteresebuli arian mtkvris kaskadis ganviTarebiT, sruli teqnikuri da ekonomikuri Seswavlisa da analizis gakeTebamde miiRon es mokle angariSi. am dokumentis teqnikuri nawili momzadebulia qarTuli kompania “gros enerji

jgufis”-s mier. norvegiulma konsaltingurma firmam “Econ Poyry”-m misca dasrulebuli saxe da daamata garemos riskebis, “sufTa ganviTarebis

meTodis”, nebarTvebis da finansuri nawilebi. “Poyry Energy Austria”-m proeqtis ZiriTad dizainze da angariSze gaakeTa komentarebi, aseve warmoadgina xarjTaRricxva da samSeneblo samuSaoebis vadebi “ gros

enerji jgufis”-s mier mowodebul masalebze dayrdnobiT da TurqeTSi arsebuli fasebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

winapiroba da proeqtis koncefcia

msoflio bankis SefasebiT saqarTvelo aRiarebulia iseT qveyanad, sadac Zalian martivia biznesis warmoeba. es Sefaseba ganpirobebulia sxvadasxva elementebis TanxvedriT, da saqarTvelos usazRvrod mimzedvels xdis hidroenergetikaSi investiciis gansaxorcieleblad. am elementebSi gaerTianebulia: I) saqarTveloSi didi raodenobiT aris gamouyenebeli hidro resursi, romlis ekonomikurad mizanSewonili nawili daaxloebiT Sefasebulia 80 miliardi kvt/sT wliuri gamomuSavebiT – rac evropaSi yvelaze didi maCvenebelia gamouyenebl potencialTa Soris. II) energo seqtorSi moxda masStaburi liberalizaciis procesebi da III) axali gadamcemi xazis mSenebloba iZleva SesaZleblobas Warbi eleqtro energiis eqsporti moxdes evropis erT-erT yvelaze momxibvlel bazarze – TurqeTSi.

hidroeleqtrosadgurebis kaskadis mimoxilva

warmodgenili sqema iTvaliswinebs md. mtkvrisa da md. faravanis energo potencialis gamoyenebas. mtkvris kaskadi ganxilulia ori an sam safexurian variantad, Sesabamisad 136.8 da 218.8 mvt simZlvariT, sadac mSeneblobisTvis gaTvaliswinebulia 4 weliwadi. obieqtis ganviTareba Sefasebulia 410.2-

604.4milion aSS dolarad “Poyry Austria”-s mier. 59 km-ze gadaWimuli proeqti moicavs or did da erT SedarebiT mcire rezervuars md. mtkvarze da jamurad 5 kaSxals. gaTvaliswinebulia nawilobriv daregulirebul wyalze energiis warmoeba mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi, Tumca arsebuli proeqtiT pikuri periodiT zamTarSi.

teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebi: warmodgenili samSeneblo dizaini ganxilulia saerTaSoris eqspertebis mier. xolo rac Seexeba saboloo dizains, investori miiRebs saboloo gadawyvetilebas, garkveuli SezRudvebidan gamomdinare. SemuSavda ori gansxvavebuli varianti. orsafexuriani kaskadis proeqti, romelic gamoimuSavebs 714 gvt.st weliwadSi da samsafexuriani alternativa hidromaakumulirebeli sadguri (hmesi), romelic gamomuSavebs 1205 gvt.sT weliwadSi. hidromaakumulirebeli sadguriani alternativa iTavaliswinebs 86.5m×325.0m da 50×1097m qvanayar kaSxals, jamurad 46.7 km sigrZis sadawneo, wyalsagdeb, wyalgamyvan gvirabebs da samSeneblo Stolnebs. proeqti iTvalisiwnebs 90.0/82.0 mvt, 81.6 mvt da 55.2 mvt simZlavris hesebs



9

(niala, xerTvisi, aspinZa), TiToeulSi sam-sami frencisis tipis turbinebis ganTavsebas. warmodgenili proeqti agreTve iTvaliswinebs 220kv da 110kv xazebis mSeneblobas da mierTebas axalcixis qvesadgurSi, saidanac CarTva moxdeba erTian qselSi adgilobrivad moxmarebis an el. energiis eqsportis mizniT.

hidrologia: md. mtkvari saqarTvelos erT-erTi yvelaze wyaluxvi mdinarea, mTliani baseini Seadgens 188,000km2 da misi sigrZea 346km saqarTvelos teritoriaze. mdinaris kveba xdeba myinvarebiT, TovliT, wvimiT da miwiqveSa wylebiT. md. mtkvris hidrologiuri Seswavla efuZneba 8 hidrometeorologiuri sadguris monacemebs, romelTagan 6 ganlagebulia md. mtkvris marjvena Senakadis md. faravnis auzSi, 2 ki uSualod mSeneblobisaTvis gankuTvnil raionSi. monacemTa rigi gansxvavebulia sadgurebis mixedviT, Tumca 58 (1933-1990ww) xelmisawvdomia konkretul sadgurebze da monacemebi naleqebis raodenobaze regionSi arsebobs 2006 wlamde.

gamomuSaveba: samsafexuriani kaskadis SemTxvevaSi saangariSo wliuri gamomuSaveba iqneba 362.4gvt.sT, 509.7gvt.sT da 332.6 gvt.sT Sesabamisad niala, xerTvisi da aspinZa hesebisTvis. kaskadis saSualo gamomuSaveba iqneba 1204.6gvt.sT. niala hmesis gareSe, orsafexuriani variantis SemTxvevaSi xerTvisi hesis savaraudo gamomuSaveba Seadgens 420.3 gvt.sT da aspinZa hesis 293.7 gvt.sT an mTliani wliuri gamomuSaveba Seadgens 714 gvt.sT saSualo hidrologiuri monacemebis mixedviT.

geologia: mtkvris xeobis aRniSnuli monakveTis geologiur agebulebaSi monawileobas Rebuloben zeda carculi, Sua da zeda eocenuri, oligocen – qveda miocenuri, Sua miocenuri da zeoTxeuli sxvadasxva Semadgenlobis da asakis formaciebi.

K2 – zeda carculi – warmodgenilia TxelSreebrivi kirqvebiT da mergelebiT, Tixa qviSiani mergelebis SuaSreebiT – vulkanogenuri, tufobreqCiebi da tufebi. isini mcire gavrcelebiT sagebloben da gaSiSvlebuli arian mxolod CobreTis antiklinis TaRur nawilSi – sofel azeverTasTan.

22 – Sua eoceni – gavrcelebulia – mtkvris xeobaSi, sofel minaZis da

rusTavis midamoebSi, axalcixis antiklinis TaRur nawilSi da sabaduris da rusTavis antiklinebis gulebSi. am qanebSi, aRniSnul raionebSi gamoiyofa sami mZlavri erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli dasta: 1) fsamituri tufebi, alevritul-pelituri tufebi; konglomeratebi, feradi TxelSreebrivi fiqlebrivi tufo-qviSaqvebi, kvarciani qviSaqvebi, msxvilnatexovani andezituri qanebis tufo breqCiebi da tufo-qviSaqvebi – wyebaSi gvxvdeba Siga formaciuli andezituri bazaltebis ganfenebi, romelTa sisqec da raodenobac cvlebadia. aRniSnul ganfenebSi gvxvdeba agatis konkreciebi. am qanebTanaa dakavSirebuli axalcixis raionis agatis sabadoebi.

aRniSnuli regioni xasiaTdeba maRali seismuri aqtivobiT maqsimum 7 magnitudiT da 1% gruntis maqsimaluri aCqarebiT – 0.2-0.3.

garemos da socialuri riskebi



10

rekomendirebuli gadawyvetilebebiT, raime saxiT ar moxdeba Sexeba dasaxlebul punqtebTan, industriul obieqtebTan, dacul teritoriebTan da istoriul ZeglebTan. proeqtis ganxorcieleba zegavlenas ar iqoniebs sanitarul-higieur situaciaze mocemul regionSi, gamoricxavs gadasaxlebebsa da Senoba-nagebobebis datborvas.

xarjTaRricxva da finansuri nawili

winaswari SefasebiT proeqtis Rirebuleba iqneba 410 da 604 milioni aSS dolari, xerTvisi hesis, aspinZa hesis da niala hmesis oTxwlini samSeneblo periodis gaTvaliswinebiT. gamomdinare im faqtidan, rom saqarTveloSi bolo 30 wlis manZilze ar aSenebula arc erTi didi obieqti, xarjTaRrcixvisTvis saWiro fasebi aRebulia TurqeTis teritoriaze aSenebuli obieqtebis fasebze dayrdnobiT. sxvadasxva faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rekomindirebuli obieqtebi metad momxibvlelia TurqeTis obieqtebTan SedarebiT, rac gamowveulia gadasaxadebTan da amortizaciasTan dakavSirebuli kanonebiT. aRniSnuli daSvebebis safuZvlad, proeqtis ukugebis Sida norma gadasaxadebis gadaxdis Semdeg Seadgens 13.3% da rodesac kapitalis Rirebulebis saSualo Sewonilia 9.3%, xolo valdebuleba/kapitalis Tanafardobaa 70/30, maSin kapitalis ukugebis Sida normaa 20.8 %. niala hmesis gareSe proeqtis ukugebis Sida norma aris 12.5% da kapitalis ukugebis Sida normaa 18.5%. mgrZnobelobis analizi gviCvenebs, rom ZiriTadi mgrZnobelobiTi faqtorebi, romlebic moqmedebs kapitalis ukugebis Sida normaze aris: mSeneblobis Rirebuleba, hidrologia, eleqtroenergiis fasi TurqeTSi da gamoyenebuli el.energiis fasi niala hmesisTvis.



11

1 Sesavali nawili

saqarTvelos yvelaze didi gamouyenebeli hidro potenciali gaaCnia mTels evropaSi. teqnikur-ekonomikuri potenciali Sefasebulia 80 milioni kvt/sT-iT. amJamad mxolos 10% aTvisebuli aRniSnuli potencalidan. saqarTvelos swrafi ekonomikuri zrda da ekonomikuri liberalizacia, TurqeTis energo bazarTan siaxlove, sagrZnoblad zrdis investiciis momxibvlelobas saqarTveloSi. 50 hidro obieqtis sqriningma da 7 SedarebiT perspeqtiuli obieqtebis analizma gviCvena, rom md. mtkvaris zedawelis hesebis kaskadi momxibvleli obieqtia finansuri, teqnikuri da garemos riskebidan gamomdi-nare.

proeqtis ganviTarebis procesi da misi Sesabamisoba standartebTan ise unda warimarTos, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes misi dafinanseba evropis ganviTarebisa da rekontruqciis bankisa da evropis sainvesticio bankis TanadafinansebiT, am ori struqturis mier moxda pirobebis da uflebamosilebis, tenderis dokumentaciis nawilis, mxardaWera. amasTan, investiciis mravalmxrivi gar-antiis saagentom, romelic aris msoflio bankis nawili, gamoTqva survili monawileoba miiRos proeqtis ganviTarebaSi riskebis dazRvevis TvalsazrisiT.

1.1 arsebuli da potenciuri hidroenergetikuli potenciali md. mtkvris zeda welSi

md. mtkvari-faravanis optimaluri ganviTarebis gegma naCvenebia nax. 1.1-ze da cxrilebSi 1.1 da 1.2 mimoxilulia arsebuli da potenciuri hesebi.

mtkvris kaskadis ganviTareba warmoadgens mdinareebis potencialis aTvisebis mTavar komponents. rezervuarebi ara mxolod daaregulreben regionSi mdinareebs, aramed moxdeba mTlianad baseinis hidroenergetikuli potencialis menejmentis gaumjobeseba.

cxrili 1.1 md. mtkvarze arsebuli hesebi

hesis dasaxeleba mvt gvt.sT

manZili Tur-qeTis sazRvri-dan dinebis

mimarTulibiT

dekember-martSi gamomuSavebis

%

rusTavi 0.5 2.5 57.0 35

CiTaxevi 21.0 110.0 108.0 28.8 zemo-avWala 36.8 160.0 269.0 28.8 orTaWala 18.0 80.0 289.0 28.8



12

cxrili 1.2 mtkvris zeda welSi proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli hesebi

Pproeqtis ganviTare-bis etapebi

# hesis

dasaxeleba md.

dasaxeleba deriva-cia,m

dawneva, m

qveda biefi,

m

saangariSo xarji, m3/wm

dadgmuli simZlavre,

mvt

saS. wliuri gamomuSaveba,

gvt.sT

A 1 niala mtkvari 2560 466 1314.0 17.4/13.52 90/82 362.4

2 xerTvisi mtkvari 19400 225 1114.0 40.0 81.6 509.4 3 aspinZa mtkvari 12400 91.2 1012.5 67.0 55.2 332.6

B 4 arakali faravani 7200 155 1834.0 8.0 10.8 63.1 5 abuli faravani 7300 153 1666.0 15.0 20.0 129.3 6 tabawyuri faravani 3200 184 1800.0 8.0 12.8 28.0 7 axalqalaqi faravani 6100 67 1567.0 25.0 14.6 96.3

C 8 sakuneTi mtkvari 3700 12 895.5 100.0 10.4 55.5 9 awyuri mtkvari 3800 12 882.5 100.0 10.4 55.5 10 dviri mtkvari 4900 12 870.0 100.0 10.4 55.5

memorandu-mi ga-formebu-lia in-vestorebTan

11 mtkvari* mtkvari 97000 94 909.0 55.0 46.2 246.0

12 faravani* faravani 13200 407 1128.0 24.0 85.4 425.3

* - monacemebi miRebulia saqarTvelos energetikis saministrodan investorTan gaformebuli memorandumis Sesabamisad. - mdinaris eenrgetikuli gamoyenebis sqema misadagebulia gadmocemul parametrebTan. - kaskadis jamuri monacemebi SeiZleba gaumjobesdes daregulirebis faqtoris gaTvaliswine-biT.



13

naxazi. 1.1 md. mtkvris da md. faravnis zeda welis energetikuli potencialis

gamoyenebis sqema



14

naxazi. 1.2 md. mtkvris da md. faravnis zeda welis energetikuli potencialis

gamoyenebis sqemis grZivi Wrili



15

naxაზი 1.3 md. mtkvris zeda welis energetikuli potencialis gamoyenebis sqema

(ganviTarebis A etapi)



16

naxazi. 1.4 md. mtkvris zeda welis energetikuli potencialis gamoyenebis sqemis

grZivi Wrili (ganviTarebis A etapi)



17

1.2 dizaini da koncefciis prezentacia

warmodgenili mtkvris kaskadi aris 136.8-218.8mvt simZlvaris, mraval-safexuriani kaskadi, rac iTvaliswinebs md. mtkvrisa da md. faravanis energo potencialis gamoyenebas. xerTvisi hesisis, aspinZa hesis da niala hmesis

mSeneblobisTvis gaTvaliswinebulia 4 weliwadi. “Poyry Austria”-s mier obieqtis ganviTareba Sefasebulia 410.2 milion aSS dolarad orsafexuriani kaskadis proeqtis SemTxvevaSi, xolo 604.4 aSS dolarad samsafexurianis SemTxvevaSi. 59 km-ze gadaWimuli proeqti moicavs or did da erT SedarebiT mcire rezervuars md. mtkvarze da jamurad 5 kaSxals. gaTvaliswinebulia nawilobriv daregulirebul wyalze energiis warmoeba mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi, zamTarSi pikuri periodiT. orsafexuriani kaskadis proeqtis

Sesaxeb detalurad ixileT danarTi C-Si.

cxrili 1.3 mtkvris kaskadis obieqtebis ZiriTadi parametrebi

eleqtrosadgurebis dasaxeleba niala xerTvisi aspinZa erTeuli

dadgmuli simZlavre 90/82 81.6 55.2 mvt

saSualo wliuri gamomuSaveba 362.4 509.7 332.5 gvt.sT

simZlavris gamoyenebis koeficienti 46.0 71.3 68.8 %

saangariSo wylis xarji 17.4/13.52 40.0 67.0 m3/wm

maqsimaluri dawneva 521.5 254.0 100.5 m

minimaluri dawneva 422.0 200.0 90.0 m

gadamcemi xazis tipi (220,110) 110 220 220 kv

gadamcemi xazis sigrZe 20.0 18.5 28.0 km

hidrologiuri monacemebi

wyalSemkrebi auzis farTi 92.5 4656.0 7461.0 km2

saSualo modineba 1.03 30.3 53.3 m3/wm

mravalwliuri maqsimaluri xarji 1.5 41.4 66.0 Qmaqs.m3/wm

30 dRiani mravalwliuri minimumi xarji 0.7 20.3 41.5 Qmin.m3/wm

10-wliani wyalmovardna (modineba) 22.7 396.0 539.0 m3/wm



PMF (modineba) 69.3 1445.0 1932.0 m3/wm

seismuroba

gruntis maqsimaluri aCqareba (5%) 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 gma



rezervuari

normaluri Setborvis done (nSd) 1826.5 1368.0 1113.0 mzd

minimaluri Setborvis done (mSd) 1790.0 1305.0 1112.0 mzd

saerTo moculoba FSL-is 203.0 129.0 11.0 mln. m3

wyalsacavis sasargeblo moculoba 193.0 123.2 8.0 mln. m3

sarkisebri zedapiris farTobi 7.6 3.7 0.3 km2

wyalsacavis sigrZe maqsimaluri Setborvis dros 4.3 11.0 1.5 km

kaSxali



18

kaSxlis tipi mobetonebuli

qvanayari mobetonebuli

qvanayari betonis

kaSxlis qimis niSnuli 1829.0 1371.0 1113.0 mzd

kaSxlis simaRle saZirkvlis zeviT 50.5 86.5 10.0 m

kaSxlis qimis sigrZe 1097.0 325.0 80.0 m

kaSxlis moculoba, yrili 5.78 3.7 - mln. m3

wyalsagdebi

tipi zedapiruli zedapiruli -

wyalsagdebis qimis niSnuli 1826.6 1368.1 1113.0 mzd

wyalsagdebis qimis sigrZe 24.0 30.0 - m

PMF modineba 53.9 1015.0 1362.0 m3/wm

rezervuaris niSnuli PMF modinebasTan mimarTebaSi 1828.0 1370.0 1114.0 mzd

gvirabis zomebi D=4.0; 8.0 m 12.6 50.2 - m2

gvirabis sigrZe - 500.0 - m wyalsagdebis gamtarianoba maqsimaluri Setborvis dros, mzd

53.9 474.0 1299.0 m3/wm

hesis wyalmimRebi

zRurblis niSnuli 1786.0 1300.0 1105.0 mzd

mimRebi saketis tipi da raodenoba gorgolaWebiani,

1 gorgolaWebiani,

1 gorgolaWebiani,

2

mimRebi saketis zomebi (w x h) 4.0×5.0 5.0×7.0 4.0×8.0 m2

nagavdamWeri gisosis zomebi (w x h) 4.0×5.0 5.0×7.0 4.0×8.0 m

gamrecxi xvreti

tipi da raodenoba Bborblebiani

saketi Bborblebiani

saketi Bborblebiani

saketi

zomebi (w x h) - 8 3×3.5 m

mimyvani gvirabi, arxi

gvirabis zomebi D=2.5; 4.2; 5.5m 4.90 9.62 19.63 m

arxi 1.5X1.5 L=3400m 3.0

gvirabis sigrZe sadawneo Saxtamde 2.56 19.40 12.40 km

sadawneo wyalsatari m

wyalsataris diametri 2.5 2.5 3.5 m2

simaRle 820.0 200.0 220.0 m

hesis Senoba

hesis tipi miwisqveSa miwisqveSa miwisqveSa

hesis Senobis zomebi 60×19×45 60×19×45 60×19×45 m

agregatis darbazis niSnuli 1285.0 1113.0 1110.5 mzd

saturbine traqtis ganivkveTi D=1.5;1.3;1.2; 1.8 1.2 1.4 m2

mimyvani gvirabis sigrZe 14.0 10.0 10.0 m

turbinis RerZis niSnuli 1276.0 1104.0 1001.5 mzd

gamyvani gvirabi, arxi

gvirabis zomebi 4.9 20.0 30.0 m

gvirabis sigrZe difuzoridan mdinaremde 1285.0 248.0;155.0 345.0 m

difuzoris saketis zomebi 1.8 4X5.5 5X6 m

gamyvani traqtis zRurblis niSnuli 1301.0 1109.5 1007.0 mzd



19

turbinebi/generatorebi

turbinis tipi

Ffrensis vertikaluri



saangariSo xarji TviToeulze 5.8/4.5 13.3 22.33 m3/wm

jamuri saanagariSo gamomuSaveba saproeqto dawnevisas 90/82 81.6 55.2 mvt

maqsimaluri gamomuSaveba 93.3/85.0 84.6 57.2 mvt

sinqronuli siCqare 500.0 500.0 428.0 br.wT

generatoris nominaluri aqtiuri simZlavre 30.0 /27.3 27.2 18.4 mvt generatoris nominaluri moCvenebiTi simZlavre Tvi-

Toeulze (cos = 0.85) 37.5/34.1 34.0 23.0 mvt

nominaluri brunTa ricxvi 692 825 778 br.wT

transformatorebi

raodenoba da tipi samfaza, 2 samfaza, 2 samfaza, 2

maqsimumi Zabva 10.5/110 10.5/110 10.5/220 mva

nominaluri simZlavre 16 (8/8) 16 (8/8) 16(8/8) mvt

transformatoris zomebi (l x w x h) 6.0×3.5×5.5 6.0×3.5×5.5 6.0×3.5×5.5 m

1.2.1 proeqtiT gaTvalisiwnebuli rezervuarebi

proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebulia ori didi (xerTvisis, niala) da erTi mcire (aspinZa) wyalsacavebis mowyoba. maTi SerCeva moxda sxvadasxva kriteriumebze dayrdnobiT, maT Soris gaTvaliswinebuli iqna adgilis geologia, topografia, mosaxleobaze da sasoflo-sameurneo miwebze zemoqmedeba, arsebuli infrastruqturis datborva da sxva. aseve gansakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmo istoriuli Zeglebis dacvas. gTxovT ixiloT Tavi 5 detaluri informaciisaTvis.



20

naxazi 1.5 xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavi



21

naxazi 1.6 niala hmesis wyalsacavi



22

1.2.2 proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli hesebi

proeqtis ganviTarebis pirveli etapiT gaTvaliswinebulia sami hidroeleqtrosadguris mSenebloba. saerTo simZlavre Sedgens 218.8 mvt-s. maT Soris: xerTvisi hesi _ 81.6mvt, niala hmesi _ 90/82mvt da aspinZa hesi _ 55.2mvt.

naxazi 1.7 niala hmesi



23

naxazi 1.8 xerTvisi hesi



24

naxazi 1.9 aspinZa hesi



25

2 klimati da hidrologia

2.1 klimati

mdinare mtkvris auzis klimatur pirobebs sqemiT SerCeuli energetikuli gamoyenebis raionSi _ saxelmwifo sazRvaridan sof. minaZemde _ ZiriTadad gansazRvravs simaRleTa zonaloba, qedebis mimarTuleba da maTi urTierTgadakveTa, rac zemoqmedebas axdens haeris nakadis gadaadgilebaze md. mtkvris da misi Senakadebis xeobebSi.

mdinare mtkvris auzis es nawili miekuTvneba zomierad notio subtropikulidan wina aziis mTianeTis mSral subtropikulze gardamavali

havis qveolqs; haeris saSualo wliuri temperaturebis ryevadobiT 1,8-9,40C, atmosferuli naleqebis simaRliT 499-722 mm farglebSi haeris absoluturi

minimaluri dakvirvebuli temperaturiT _410C md. faravnis auzSi da

absoluturi maqsimaluri temperaturiT 390C-s aspinZasa da axalcixeSi.

Tovlis safari md. mtkvris auzSi warmoiqmneba saSualod oqtombris TveSi. Tovlis safaris simaRle q. axalcixeSi aRwevs 63 sm. gansaxilveli raioni xasiaTdeba mTa-xeobebis qariT, romlis wliuri siCqare meryeobs 1,6-3.1 m/w-de.



26

ruqa 2.1 samcxe-javaxeTis regionis ruqa



27

haeris temperatura

mdinare mtkvris auzis temperaturuli reJimis dasaxasiaTeblad cxrilSi 2.1 mocemulia haeris temperaturis saSualo Tviuri da wliuri, absoluturi, maqsimaluri da minimaluri mniSvnelobebi.

cxrili 2.1 wylis saSualo Tviuri da wliuri temperature md.mtkvris auzSi

saSualo Tviuri da wliuri temperatura, 0 C

m/sadguri niSnuli I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII weli

efremovka 2112 _10.6 _9.6 _5.9 0,6 6,8 9,8 12,9 13,1 9,4 4,5 _1.5 _7.6 1,8

abuli 1984 _7.1 _6.1 _2.9 2,5 8,4 11,5 14,3 15,0 11,4 7,0 _0.3 _4.8 4,1

karwaxi 1863 _8.2 _7.4 _2.8 4,0 9,1 12,1 14,7 15,4 11,6 6,6 0,7 _5.1 4,2

saTxe 1839 _8.1 _6.7 _3.3 3,1 8,5 11,4 14,5 15,0 11,2 6,5 0,3 _5.3 3,9

axalqalaqi 1124 _7.2 _5.4 _2.0 4,7 10,2 13,2 16,0 16,4 12,4 7,4 1,6 _4.0 5,3

aspinZa 1098 _2.2 _0.6 3,4 9,0 13,6 17,0 20,0 20,3 16,2 10,6 4,9 0,2 9,4

axalcixe 982 _3.8 _1.5 3,2 9,0 14,0 17,2 20,4 20,5 16,3 10,4 4,1 _1.2 9,0

haeris temperaturis absoluturi minimumi, 0 C


efremovka 2112 _39 _35 _31 _24 _10 _5 _4 _4 _11 _16 _27 _35 _39

karwaxi 1863 _41 _37 _32 _26 _11 _5 _4 _4 _11 _16 _30 _37 _41

saTxe 1839 _38 _32 _29 _22 _9 _3 _3 _4 _10 _15 _26 _34 _38

axalqalaqi 1124 _34 _30 _26 _21 _8 _2 _2 _2 _7 _13 _25 _31 _34

aspinZa 1098 _29 _22 _19 _12 _5 2 2 2 _5 _10 _18 _24 _29

axalcixe 982 _32 _23 _20 _13 _6 2 2 2 _5 _11 _22 _26 _32

haeris temperaturis absoluturi maqsimumi, 0 C


efremovka 2112 7 10 11 19 24 26 30 30 29 24 18 10 30

karwaxi 1863 8 10 17 22 26 28 32 33 31 27 20 14 33

saTxe 1839 7 10 16 22 26 28 30 32 30 26 20 13 32

axalqalaqi 1124 10 13 21 24 29 30 34 34 32 28 22 15 34

aspinZa 1098 15 18 25 30 32 35 38 39 37 32 25 16 39

axalcixe 982 15 18 27 30 34 37 38 39 36 33 26 17 39

rogorc am monacemebidan Cans, saSualo mravalwliuri haeris temperatura

meryeobs 1,80C (efremovka 2112m) _ 9,40C (aspinZa 1098m) farglebSi yvelaze civi Tvis (ianvris) saSualo Tviuri haeris temperatura yvela meteorolo-

giur sadgurze uaryofiTia da sidide meryeobs minus 2,20C-dan minus 10,60C -mde. civ Tveebad iTvleba Tebervali, marti da dekemberi.

haeris temperaturis absoluturi minimumi m/sadgur karwaxis monacemebiT

Seadgens minus 41,00C ianvris TveSi, im dros rodesac amave TveSi haeris

temperaturis absoluturi maqsimumi 150C–ia. yvelaze cxel Tved iTvleba

agvisto absoluturi maqsimaluri temperaturiT 390C. sqemiT SerCeul mo-



28

nakveTze arsebuli m/sadgurebis monacemebiT haeris temperaturis absolu-

turi amplituda Seadgens 800C.

samSeneblo periodis dasadgenad didi mniSvneloba aqvs aRniSnul raionSi, pirveli da bolo yinvis saSualo TariRs, Tbili peroidis xangrZlivobas. es monacemebi mocemulia cxrilSi 2.2.

cxrili 2.2 pirveli da bolo yinvis saSualo TariRebi da Tbili periodis

xangrZlivoba dReebSi

m/sadguri

saSualo TariRi Tbili periodis xangrZlivoba,

I yinva bolo yinva dReebSi

efremovka 14. IX 5. VI 100

abuli 28. IX 18. V 132

karwaxi 18. IX 24. V 116

saTxe 20. IX 20. V 128

axalqalaqi 22. IX 18. V 126

aspinZa 18. X 20. IV 180

axalcixe 20. X 23.IV 179

atmosferuli naleqebi

qvemoT cxril 2.3 mocemulia atmosferuli naleqebis saSualo mravalwli-uri, Tviuri da wliuri jamebi.

cxrili 2.3 atmosferuli naleqebis saSualo mravalwliuri Tviuri da wliuri

jamebi, mm

m/sadguri I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII weli

efremovka 38 54 54 68 92 114 77 59 46 47 44 29 722

abuli 32 40 42 60 89 97 71 57 46 44 44 31 653

karwaxi 28 33 34 51 75 82 59 49 40 37 34 25 547

saTxe 34 44 47 55 83 103 70 54 42 41 37 26 636

axalqalaqi 30 39 40 57 86 93 67 54 44 41 41 29 621

aspinZa 25 31 31 44 76 81 59 47 58 35 31 22 540

axalcixe 32 32 36 49 70 82 51 46 38 45 40 33 554

rogorc am cxrilidan Cans, yvela meteorologiur sadgurze saSualo mravalwliuri Tviuri naleqebis jami ianvris Tvidan ivlisis Tvemde matu-lobs, wlis meore naxevarSi ki klebulobs. naleqebis umetesi nawili modis Tbil periodze (IV-X) da Seadgens mTeli wliuri naleqebis jamidan 70%, danarCeni modis civ periodze (XI-III).

cxrilSi 2.4 mocemulia dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi mosuli udidesi naleqebis sidideebi Tveebis mixedviT.



29

cxrili 2.4 dRe-Ramuri naleqebis raodenoba, mm

m/sadguri I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

efremovka 36 29 19 25 33 48 36 38 37 41 30 20

axalqalaqi 19 20 15 24 36 55 58 43 43 33 27 20

axalcixe 40 35 32 36 33 50 43 51 40 33 62 20

wvimiani dReebis ricxvi mravalwliuri dakvirvebis monacemebiT md. mtkvris auzis am raionSi saSualod meryeobs 121-172-mde. wvimebis yvelaze meti dReebi modis mais-ivnisis Tveebze.

cxrili 2.5 Tviuri naleqebi axalqalaqis m/sadguris 1986-2006w.w. monacemebiT

weli

Tviuri mTliani naleqebi, mm

jami Tve

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

1986 26.6 48.9 10.9 33.7 153.6 103.0 24.2 30.8 19.4 44.6 59.2 25.7 580.6

1987 43.5 65.3 46.6 57.4 36.6 191.6 30.6 65.8 11.6 38.6 35.9 59.4 682.9

1988 20.0 41.0 39.9 33.6 89.5 85.8 34.6 40.7 40.2 66.7 43.3 11.4 546.7

1989 7.9 8.4 12.3 53.6 49.6 53.8 60.6 25.0 34.9 66.5 66.2 29.4 468.2

1990 28.2 80.0 16.4 71.7 88.7 71.1 44.7 32.0 20.3 45.3 76.1 39.2 613.7

1991 41.7 24.0 32.1 12.3 93.1 124.3 32.1 73.7 13.6 32.6 37.8 46.4 563.7

1992 38.4 58.1 16.1 42.8 91.5 77.3 71.7 30.6 76.5 25.4 82.2 68.6 679.2

1993 29.4 20.9 14.8 60.6 52.6 79.0 14.6 35.8 7.8 12.2 68.1 22.0 417.8

1994 51.3 43.7 46.7 37.7 52.4 49.8 31.8 31.1 40.2 26.8 34.8 47.8 494.1

1995 19.1 22.5 53.8 37.4 83.7 102.5 74.7 69.1 35.9 33.4 53.8 8.9 594.8

1996 30.2 37.5 19.9 50.3 84.3 114.0 77.6 36.1 44.6 40.4 1.0 30.7 566.6

1997 27.9 36.6 57.0 59.6 60.1 81.4 57.5 26.2 30.8 58.3 82.0 35.0 612.4

1998 35.6 16.4 35.1 33.8 151.1 88.6 50.2 20.9 7.9 3.3 21.8 34.3 499

1999 6.9 34.8 71.3 66.0 118.6 129.0 36.9 28.1 63.6 34.9 95.0 21.6 706.7

2000 103.3 59.6 42.4 36.4 56.9 41.1 4.6 72.8 36.3 50.0 2.1 65.0 570.5

2001 6.7 13.8 55.9 113.0 83.9 59.2 62.8 63.1 14.2 27.2 22.1 45.0 566.9

2002 21.3 55.7 41.4 86.6 81.9 140.1 157.2 116.4 56.5 67.4 7.2 75.7 907.4

2003 37.9 70.2 111.0 46.9 82.9 68.8 108.1 60.4 79.0 140.4 53.7 36.2 895.5

2004 15.2 34.3 59.8 69.9 126.9 177.6 22.5 114.5 47.3 37.8 49.0 11.8 766.6

2005 48.5 39.0 69.1 104.2 100.9 125.9 106.6 74.6 79.3 80.9 46.4 54.2 929.6

2006 69.0 22.2 34.9 116.2 72.9 74.6 37.6 33.2 49.6 82.0 22.1 14.7 629

saSualo 33.7 39.7 42.2 58.3 86.3 97.1 54.3 51.5 38.5 48.3 42.2 37.3 629.4

naxazi 2.1 saSualo naleqebi 1986-2006 w.w.



30

Tovlis safari

Tovlis safaris dasaxasiaTeblad mogvyavs cxrili 2.6.

cxrili 2.6 Tovlis safari md. mkvris auzSi

Tovlis saSualo TariRi Tovlis safaris

m/sadguri safaris Tovlis Tovlis saSualo dekaduri

dR. raode-

noba mosvlis aRebis

simaRlis maqsimumi (sm)

efremovka 153 29/X 29/IV 58

abuli _ _ _ 24

karwaxi 91 18/XI 7/IV 17

saTxe _ _ _ 20

axalqalaqi 101 12/XI 10/IV 12

aspinZa 54 2/XII 30/III 11

axalcixe 63 4/XII 28/III 18

Tovlis safaris yvelaze adre mosvlis TariRebad aRiniSneba 1 oqtomberi, xolo yvelaze gviani aRebis aprilis bolo.



31

haeris sinotive

mdinare mtkvris auzis gansaxilveli teritoriis haeris sinotive xasiaTdeba Semdegi sidideebiT: saSualo Tviuri da wliuri wylis orTqlis absolu-turi sinotiviT (hpa), fardobiT, sinotiviT (%) da sinotivis deficitiT (hpa). ix cxrili 2.7.

cxrili 2.7 absoluturi sinotive, fardobiTi sinotive da sinotivis deficiti

saSualo Tviuri da wliuri absoluturi sinotive, (hpa)


efremovka 2,7 2,8 3,4 5,3 7,4 9,5 11,4 10,6 8,2 6,1 4,7 3,2 6,3

karwaxi 2,6 3,2 3,8 5,6 7,9 10,2 12,1 11,4 9,0 6,5 4,9 3,4 6,7

axalqalaqi 3,0 3,4 4,1 5,9 8,3 10,7 12,8 12,0 9,4 6,9 5,3 3,8 7,1

aspinZa 3,6 3,8 4,6 6,5 9,6 12,3 14,5 13,8 11,2 8,0 6,2 4,0 4,0

axalcixe 3,8 4,2 5,2 7,1 10,3 12,9 15,1 14,5 11,6 8,4 6,4 4,5 8,7

saSualo Tviuri da wliuri fardobiTi sinotive, %


efremovka 86 85 84 80 74 76 77 72 73 76 82 84 79

karwaxi 77 76 74 69 68 72 72 69 70 71 74 76 72

axalqalaqi 76 77 76 70 70 73 73 68 69 72 75 76 73

aspinZa 61 62 62 60 63 65 64 62 66 68 71 65 64

axalcixe 75 74 69 65 66 66 64 63 66 71 76 78 69

saSualo Tviuri da wliuri sinotivis deficiti, hpa


efremovka 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.6 3.2 3.7 4.2 5.4 4.1 2.6 1.2 0.6 2.4

karwaxi 1.0 1.1 1.5 3.1 4.6 4.8 5.8 6.8 5.8 3.6 2.2 1.3 3.5

axalqalaqi 1.0 1.1 1.4 3.2 4.5 5.0 6.3 7.3 5.8 3.6 2.2 1.3 3.6

aspinZa 2.5 2.6 3.4 5.6 7.1 8.2 10.0 10.6 7.5 4.6 2.9 2.6 5.6

axalcixe 1.4 1.7 2.6 5.2 6.7 8.0 9.9 10.3 7.6 4.6 2.4 1.6 5.2

qari

md. mtkvris auzis gansaxilveli teritoria xasiaTdeba teritoriuli mTa-xeobebis qarebiT, romelTa mimarTuleba ZiriTadad xeobebis mimarTulebas emTxveva.

cxrilebSi 2.8, 2.9 da 2.10 mocemulia qaris mimarTulebis ganmeorebadoba (%) da Stilebis ricxvi, saSualo Tviuri, wliuri da sxvadasxva uzrun-velyofis qaris udidesi siCqareebi (m/wm).

cxrili 2.8 qaris mimarTuleba (%) da Stilis saSualo ricxvi



32

m/sadguri Cr. Cr.aR aR sam.aR. sam. sam.das. das. Cr.das. Stili

efremovka 4 4 17 28 15 4 8 20 21

karwaxi 26 11 1 12 24 18 4 4 39

axalqalaqi 10 2 12 28 11 8 5 24 39

aspinZa 11 4 5 27 8 2 12 31 59

axalcixe 5 16 17 11 7 18 20 6 42

cxrili 2.9 saSualo Tviuri da wliuri qaris siCqare, m/wm


efremovka 3,9 4,0 3,9 3,2 3,0 2,5 2,8 2,9 2,4 2,6 2,9 3,4 3,1

karwaxi 3,0 3,0 2,8 2,7 2,2 2,0 2,2 2,2 1,9 1,8 2,2 2,5 2,4

axalqalaqi 3,7 3,7 3,8 3,6 3,1 2,7 2,7 2,7 2,2 2,1 2,7 3,2 3,0

aspinZa 2,6 2,8 2,8 2,4 2,0 1,6 2,0 2,0 1,4 1,2 1,3 1,8 2,0

axalcixe 1,4 1,6 1,9 2,1 1,8 1,6 1,9 1,9 1,5 1,3 1,1 1,1 1,6

cxrili 2.10 sxvadasxva uzrunvelyofis udidesi qaris siCqareebi, m/wm

m/sadguri weli 5 weli 10 weli 15 weli 20 weli

efremovka 21 24 25 25 26

karwaxi 18 21 22 23 23

axalqalaqi 22 25 27 27 28

axalcixe 17 18 19 19 20

rogorc moyvanili cxrilebidan Cans, qaris saSualo wliuri siCqare aR-niSnul raionSi mravalwliuri dakvirvebis monacemebiT meryeobs 1,6_3,1 m/wm

farglebSi, qaris siCqaris maqsimumi 28 m/wm registrirebulia axalqalaqSi, dReebis saSualo raodenoba Seadgens weliwadSi 84 dRes, gabatonebuli mimarTulebis qarebia: efremovkaSi, axalqalaqSi, aspinZaSi _ samxreT-aRmosavleTis da Crdilo-dasavleTis; karwaxSi _ CrdiloeTis da samxreTis; xolo axalcixeSi _ aRmosavleTis da dasavleTis.

2.2 hidrologia

2.2.1 wyalSemkrebi auzi

mdinare mtkvari (kiurd-koi, kora-nexra, karasui) _ amierkavkasiis mTavari wylis arteria _ saTaves iRebs TurqeTis teritoriaze kizil-gadikis mTis Crdilo-aRmosavleT kalTebidan gamomdinare wyaroebidan _ 2700 m simaRleze.

mdinaris mTliani sigrZe Seadgens 1364 km-s, wyalSemkrebi auzis farTobi

188,000km2. mdinaris zeda weli sigrZiT 185 km (F=4743 km2) moedineba TurqeTis teritoriaze. saqarTvelos respublikis sazRvars kveTs zRvis donidan 1287 m, xolo azerbaijanis 270 m niSnulze. mdinare saqarTvelos farglebSi moedineba 346 km-ze.



33

mtkvris wyalSemkrebi auzi asimetriuli formisaa da auzi ganTavsebulia amierkavkasiis aRmosavleT nawilSi, moicavs saqarTvelos, nawilobriv sasomxeTisa da azerbaijanis teritoriebs.

wyalSemkrebi auzis SemadgenlobaSia:

1. kavkasiis mZlavri mTaTa sistema, romelic Sedgeba mTeli rigi grZivi da ganivi qedebisagan _ cicabo kalTebiT, xramebiT da wvetiani mTis TxemebiT. ukanasknelis saSualo simaRle 3000-4000 m-ia.

2. kavkasionis mTidan wamosuli mravalricxovani qedebi, simaRliT 2700-3000 m, romlebic mkveTrad eSvebian dablobisaken, warmoadgenen mdinareTa auzebis wyalgamyofebs _ ris gamoc maTi kalTebi Zlier danawevrebulia mokle, Rrma xeobebiT.

3. samxreT saqarTvelos mTianeTi warmodgenilia aWara-TrialeTis naoWa sistemiT, (aWara-imereTis, TrialeTis, SavSeTis da arsianis) saSualo simaRliT 2400-2700 m. aq vxvdebiT borjom-bakurianis platos da javaxeTis vulkanur zegans.

4. mTaTaSorisi teqtonikuri dablobi, romelic iwyeba sof. taSiskarTan da grZeldeba q. mcxeTamde. es monakveTi cnobilia qarTlis dablobis, xolo q. rusTavidan azerbaijanis sazRvramde qvemo qarTlis saxelwodebiT.

naxazi 2.2 wyalSemkrebi auzis da saSualo mravalwliuri xarjis

urTierTmimarTebis trendi

hidrografiuli qseli

md. mtkvris auzSi saxelmwifo sazRvridan azerbaijnis respublikis sazRvramde qseli sakmaod ganviTarebulia. magram unda aRiniSnos, rom marcxena Senakadebi Tavisi sigrZiT, wyalSemkrebi auzis farTobiT da hidro-grafiuli qselis sixSiriT mkveTrad gansxvavdebian marjvena Senakadebisagan.

uSualod mdinare mtkvarSi Semdinare Senakadebisagan 29-s aqvs 10 dan 25 km-mde sigrZe, 13-s ki 25-dan 50 km-de. did Senakadebad iTvlebian mdinareebi:

faravani (L=74km), focxovi (L=64km), didi liaxvi (L=51km), qsani (L=84km),



34

aragvi (L=66km), algeTi (L=108km), qcia-xrami (L=186km), alazani (L=407km),

iori (L=184.5km). ukanaskneli sami mdinaris sigrZe mocemulia saqarTvelos farglebSi, radganac md. qcia-xrami md. mtkvars uerTdeba azerbaijanis teri-toriaze, xolo mdinareebi alazani da iori uSualod Caedinebian mingeCauris wyalsacavSi.

tbebi

mdinare mtkvris auzSi samoci dasaxelebis tbaa. wylis sarkis saerTo farTobi 135 km2. aqedan 4 tba mdebareobs uSualod energetikulad Zalian momxibvleli mdinare mtkvris marjvena Senakadis md. faravnis auzSi. aqedan faravnis tba wylis sarkis farTobiT 37.5km2 saqarTvelos yvelaze didi tbaa da mdebareobs zRvis donidan 2073.5 m simaRleze, gaumdinari xanCalis tba

F=13.5km2, madatapa F=8.78km2, saRamos F=4.81km2.

2.2.2 meTodologia da wyaroebi

sqemiT SerCeuli energetikuli gamoyenebis raionis klimaturi elementebis dasaxasiaTeblad gamoyenebulia 8 meteorologiuri sadguris dakvirvebuli mravalwliuri masala, romelTagan 6 ganlagebulia md. mtkvaris marjvena Senakadis md. faravnis auzSi, 2 ki uSualod mSeneblobisaTvis SerCeul raionSi, romelic moTavsebulia cxrilSi 10; masala amoRebulia saqarTvelos klimaturi cnobarebidan (gamoSveba 14).

cxrili 2.11 meteorologiuri sadgurebis sia

m/sadguri simaRle, m.z.d.

efremovka 2112

abuli 1984

karwaxi 1863

saTxe 1839

xerTvisi 1717

axalqalaqi 1124

aspinZa 1098

axalcixe 982

md. mtkvris sqemiT SerCeuli monakveTis hidrologiuri Seswalilobis dasaxasiaTeblad cxril 2.12-Si mocemulia adre da amJamad arsebuli hidro-metriuli sadgurebis sia maTi moqmedebis periodebiT.

cxrili 2.12 hidrometeorologiuli sadgurebi

mdinare sadguris

dasaxeleba

manZili

SesarTavTan,

km

wyalSemkrebi

auzis

farTobi, km2

moqmedebis periodi vis

mflobelobaSia gaxsna daxurva

mtkvari s. margistani 1151 4920 22/I 1930

1/VI 1932 Tbilhidroproeqti



35

mtkvari s. xerTvisi 1141 4980 16/VIII 1927

13/IV 1938 Tbilhidroproeqti

mtkvari s. xerTvisi 1141 4980 27/VI 1935

moqmedeba monotoringis da

prognoz. centri

mtkvari s. aspinZa 1125 74,28 1/IV 1929

22/II 1936 monotoringis da

prognoz. centri

mtkvari s. rusTavi 1109 7650 6/IV 1928

I/V 1935 monotoringis da

prognoz. centri

mtkvari s. minaZe 1099 8010 4/IV 1932


prognoz. centri

faravani s. xerTvisi 1,3 2350 15/XII 1935


prognoz. centri

oSora s. oSora 3,9 64,4 30/XI 1948

31/VIII 1990

monotoringis da

prognoz. centri



36

naxazi 2.3 md. mtkvris zeda welis dam d. faravnis meteorologiuri da hi-

drologiuri sadgurebis ganTavsebis sqema



37

md. mtkvris wylis reJimze dakvirveba iwyeba 1904 wlidan q. TbilisSi. mdi-nareebis hidrologiur reJimze sistematiuri dakvirveba farTo masStabebs Rebulobs 1924 wlidan. garda stacionaluri dakvirvebisa drois sxvadasxva monakveTSi Catarebuli iyo hidrografiuli gamokvlevebi, rogorc md. mtkvarze aseve mis Senakadebze mTavari hidrometriuli sammarTvelos mier SemuSavebuli programiT (Semsrulebeli Tbilisis hidrometriis da garemos kontrolis sammarTvelo-amJamad monitoringisa da prognozis centri).

md. mtkvarze sqemiT SerCeul monakveTisaTvis sayrdeni hidrologiuri sagu-Sagoebis SesarCevad saWiroa uSualod hidrometriul saguSagoebze arsebuli mravalwliuri monacemebis analizi. masalebi amoRebulia cnobarebidan

(Основные гидрологические характеристики том Закавказье и Дагестан

Выпуск 1) gamoSvebuli 1967, 1977, 1978 da 1987w.w. 1981 _ 1986w. yo-velwliurebidan, 1987 _ 1990 w.w. uSualod monitoringisa da prognozirebis centridan.

mdinare mtkvris perspeqtiuli hidroenergetikuli obietebis ganTavsebis sqemiT SerCeuli saTave nagebobebis gasworebSi Camonadenis parametrebis sidideebis dasadgenad, sayrden hidrologiur kveTebad miRebulia: md. mtkvarze h/s _ xerTvisis, minaZis, md. faravanze _ sof. xerTvisis, mraval-wliuri dakvirvebis monacemebi.

samive h/sadgurze dakvirvebis monacemebs CautardaT detaluri analizi, ro-melTa saimedobis mTavar faqtorad miviReT gazomili wylis xarjebis raode-noba da gazomvis dros doneTa ryevadobis amplitudis Sefaseba: masalebis analiz-Sefasebam gamoavlina dakvirvebuli masalebis saimedoba.

agreTve Catarda hidrologiur kveTebSi mravalwliuri monacemebis erTnair periodamde miyvana, zogierT wlebSi gamotovebuli wylis xarjebis aRdgena.

2.2.3 sezonuri modineba

mdinare mtkvris auzis geografiuli mdebareoba, morfologia, geologia, klimati mTavari ganmsazRvreli pirobaa mdinaris Camonadenis formirebaSi.

md. mtkvari sazrdoobis mixedviT miekuTvneba Sereuli sazrdoobis tipis mdinareebs, romlis kvebaSi monawileobas Rebuloben sazonuri Tovlis da myinvarebis nadnobi, wvimebis da gruntis wylebi. myinvaruli da gruntis wylebi, romlebic uzrunvelyofen wyalmcireobis periodis xangrZlivobas, mdinaris kvebaSi asruleben meorexarisxovan rols. klimatur pirobebTan kavSirSi Tovlis swrafi dnoba da mosuli xSiri intensiuri da xangrZlivi wvimebi ganapiroben auzSi maqsimalur Camonadens gazafxul-zafxulis periodSi.

mdinaris wylis reJimi xasiaTdeba gazafxulis wyaldidobiT, mkveTrad gamoxatuli zafxul-Semodgomis da zamTris wyalmcireobiT.

wyaldidobis doneebis aweva mdinaris qveda dinebaSi iwyeba martis Sua ricxvebSi, zeda dinebaSi martis bolos an aprilis pirvel ricxvebSi. wylis doneebis cvalebadoba araTanabaria da xasiaTdeba mkveTri aweviT an dacemiT, rasac ganapirobebs Termuli reJimi, masTan kavSirSi maRal niSnulebze Tovlis dnoba da auzSi mosuli wvimebi.



38

doneebis maqsimumi aRiniSneba aprilis bolos an maisis dasawyisSi. misi sididie saSualod Seadgens sof. xerTvisTan 225 sm, sof. minaZesTan 170 sm, q. TbilisTan 330 sm.

wyaldidobis periodi mTavrdeba ivlisis dasawyisSi, ris Semdeg mdinareze myardeba mdgradi zafxulis wyalmcireoba, doneebis mciredi ryevadobiT 10-15 sm-is farglebSi.

Semodgomis periodis wyalmcireoba aramdgradia da 10-11 jer mainc irRveva auzSi mosuli wvimebiT. am periodis wyaldidobebi marTalia mniSvnelovania, magram Tavisi simaRliT, moculobiT bevrad Camouvardeba gazafxulis wyaldidobas. doneebis simaRle wyalmcireobis periodSi 0,6-1,6m-mde ecema.

zamTris wyalmcireobis periodi gamoirCeva mdgradobiT, dabali wylis doneebiT, romlebic minimalur sidideebs aRweven ianvar-Tebervlis TveebSi. auzis im zonebisaTvis, romlebic mdebareoben 1000 m-ze qvemoT, calkeul wlebSi SeimCneva zamTarSi mcire pikebi, rac gamowveulia Tbili haeris masebis SemoWrasTan da aramdgradi Tovlis dnobasTan. wylis done wyalmcireobis periodSi ecema 0,4-0,6 m-iT.

naxazi 2.4 wliuri modineba meteorologiuri sadgurebis mixedviT



39

2.2.4 mravalwliuri modinebis variantebi da tendenciebi

naxazi 2.5 saSualo mravalwliuri modineba md. mtkvrisTvis

naxazi 2.6 saSualo mravalwliuri modineba md. faravanisTvis



40

2.2.5 generaciis saangariSo modineba

mravalwliuri monacemebi dafuZnebulia СНиП 2.01.1983 moTxovnebze, ris Sedegad miRebulia uzrunvelyofis mrudis parametrebi momentebis meTodiT, romelic mocemulia qvemoT cxrilSi 2.13.

cxrili 2.13 saSualo wliuri xarjebis uzrunvelyofis mrudis parametrebi

# mdinare _ punqti wyalSemkrebiauzis

farTobi, km2

Camonadeni

Cv

variaciuli rigis reprezentatuloba

Qm3/wm Ml/wm km2 Q cv

1 mtkvari-s.xerTvisi 4980 32.4 6.51 0.25 2.3 9.6

2 faravani-s.xerTvisi 2350 18.7 7.96 0.16 1.5 9.4

3 mtkvari-s.minaZe 8010 57.6 7.19 0.21 1.9 9.5

4 mtkvari+faravani-s.xerTvisi

7330 51.1 6.96 0.2 2.6 9.5

uzrunvelyofis mrudis parametrebi

asimetriis koeficienti miRebulia 2Cv. Semowmebulia variaciuli rigis re-prezentatulobis Semafasebeli paramertebi _ saSualo mravalwliuri xar-jebis da variaciis koeficientis SefardebiTi saSualo kvadratuli cdomileba _ formulebiT:

%100

0

n

CQ

%1002

12

n

CC

miRebuli parametrebi damakmayofilebelia, imave СНиП 2.01. 14 – 1983-is

moTxovnebis Sesabamisad %50Q , %15

C .

saSualo wliuri xarjebis sidideebi mravalwliuri monacemebis mixedviT sayrden kveTebSi meryeobs. md. mtkvari - sof. xerTvisTan 17,6 m3/wm_dan 55,6 m3/wm-mde, md. faravani _ sof. xerTvisTan 12,7_24,8 m3/wm. mtkvari _ sof. mi-naZesTan 32,0_86,1 m3/wm farglebSi. ganawilebis mrudis parametrebis da sam-parametriani gamanawileblis ordinatebis meSveobiT agebulia uzrunvelyofis mrudebi da gamoTvlilia sxvadasxva uzrunvelyofiT wlis saSualo xarjebi sayrden hidrologiur kveTebSi.

sqemiT SerCeuli 3(2) safexuriani hesis saTave nagebobebis gasworebSi Camonadenis normebis angariSebi Catarebulia Semdegnairad: 1285m da 1200m niSnulebisaTvis sayrden kveTad miRebulia sof. xerTvisis norma. gadasvla

ganxorcielebulia Sesabamisi koeficientebis meSveobiT K=0,935; K=0,985; 1103m da 990.0m niSnulebisaTvis md. mtkvris _ sof. xerTvisis da md. fara-vani _ sof. xerTvisis normebis jamiT, TandaTanobiT niSnulebs Soris damatebuli SesarTavebTan SemdinareTa normebis gaTvaliswinebiT.



41

md. mtkvris da faravnis jamuri norma Seadgens 51.1 m3/wm 1103 m niSnulze

emateba md. taSli-kila (F=130km2; Q=1,2 m3/wm) da am niSnulze norma

miRebulia 52,3 m3/wm (F=7461km2), xolo 990 niSnulze emateba md. oTasus

(F=75,2km2; Q=0,8 m3/wm) da md. oSoras _ wyali (F=46,0km2; Q=0,8 m3/wm) da

28 km2-dan Camonadeni 0,19 m3/wm, 990.0m niSnulze (F =7610km2), norma Seadgens 54,1 m3/wm. aseve unda aRiniSnos, rom saTave nagebobebis farTobebi gansazRvrulia Cvens mier 1:50000 masStabis ruqis meSveobiT.

cxrilSi 2.14 mocemulia md. mtkvris sxvadasxva uzrunvelyofiT wylis saS-ualo xarjebi, rogorc sayrden kveTebSi, aseve sqemiT SerCeul gasworebSi.

cxrili 2.14 0.1-95% uzrunvelyofis wylis saSualo xarjebi

dasaxeleba auzis farTobi

km2

gadamyvani koeficienti

uzrunvelyofa %

0.1 1 3 5 10 20 25 50 75 80 90 95

md.mtkvari-

s.xerTvisi

4980 1 63.5 54.1 49.6 47.0 43.1 38.9 37.6 31.7 26.6 25.5 22.6 20.4

1285 m 4656 0.935 59.4 50.6 46.4 43.9 40.3 36.4 35.2 29.6 24.9 23.8 21.1 19.1

1200 m 4907 0.985 62.5 53.3 48.9 46.3 42.5 38.3 37 31.2 26.2 25.1 22.3 20.1

md.mtkvari

+md.faravani

-xerTvisi

7330 1

90.4 78.7 72.6 69.0 64.4 59.3 57.2 50.3 43.8 42.4 38.7 35.9

1103 m 7461 1.018 92.0 80.1 73.9 70.2 65.6 60.4 58.2 51.2 44.6 43.2 39.4 36.5

990 m 7610 1.038 93.8 81.7 75.4 71.6 66.8 61.6 59.4 52.2 45.5 44.0 40.2 37.7

wyalsameurneo energetikuli gaangariSebisaTvis SeirCa md. mtkvari _ s.xerTvisis, faravani _ s. xerTvisis da md. mtkvari _ s. minaZis sami damax-asiaTebeli weli 58 wliani hidrologiuri rigebis mixedviT

saangariSo wlebad miRebulia: uxvwliani (1954w) wliuri CamonadeniT miax-lovebuli 10% _ uzrunvelyofasTan, saSualo (1979w) _ wliuri Camonadeni miaxloebuli 50% _ uzrunvelyofasTan da mcirewyliani (1983w) miax-lovebuli 95% uzrunvelyofasTan.

md. mtkvris 1285 da 1200 niSnulze gadasvla ganxorcielda md. mtkvari xerTvisis xarjebis gadamravlebiT normebis Sefardebaze, romelic Sesabami-

sad tolia 1285 m-ze K=0.935; 1200 m-ze K=0.985, xolo 1103 m da 990 m-ze gadasvla ganxorcielda md. mtkvari _ s. xerTvisisa da md. faravani _ s. xerTvisis xarjebis jamur normaze SefardebiT miRebuli koeficientiT, ro-melic Sesabamisad tolia 1.023 da 1.059-is.

saangariSo wlebis saSualo Tviuri da wliuri xarjebi. rogorc sayrden h/s-ze SerCeul niSnulebze mocemulia cxrilSi 2.15.

cxrili 2.15 10, 20 da 50% uzrunvelyofis modineba



42

maxasiaTebeli wlebi I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII saSualo

md. Mmtkvari _ h/s. xerTvisi F = 4980 km2

uxvwyliani 1954 10.9 11.1 12.7 82.2 175 116 68.2 13.5 11.3 10.3 10.0 9.99 44.3

saS. wyliani 1979 12.3 13.2 16.1 65.9 113 64.3 34.0 15.7 11.6 13 16.5 12.7 32.4

mcire. wyliani 1983 11.6 11.1 13.6 40.0 71.4 43.7 12.8 11.3 11.7 11.8 15.8 14.3 22.4

xerTvisi hesi - md.mtkvari 1285 m F = 4656 km2

uxvwyliani 1954 10.2 10.4 11.9 76.9 164 108 63.8 12.6 10.6 9.62 9.35 9.34 41.4

saS. wyliani 1979 11.5 12.3 15.1 61.6 106 60.1 31.8 14.7 10.8 12.2 15.4 11.9 30.3

mcire. wyliani 1983 10.8 10.4 12.7 37.4 66.5 40.9 120 10.6 10.9 11.0 14.8 13.4 20.9

niala hmesi – md. ardagani + md. karzameTiswyali (analogad aRebulia md. uraaveli – s. oxera) 1826.0m F=92.5km2

uxvwyliani 1954 0.62 0.58 0.61 2.01 5.96 2.81 1.02 0.36 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.40 1.31

saS. wyliani 1979 0.57 0.57 0.74 2.03 2.68 1.60 0.83 0.74 0.68 0.64 0.62 0.63 1.03

mcire. wyliani 1983 0.55 0.51 0.59 1.57 2.35 1.01 0.70 0.69 0.81 0.83 0.98 0.90 0.96

md. Mtkvari – h/s xerTvisi + md. faravani _ h/s xerTvisi F = 7330 km2

uxvwyliani 1954 22.3 23.8 26.5 115 233 148 87.2 28.3 25.3 21.7 21.5 22.0 64.6

saS. wyliani 1979 30.5 33.3 37.5 102 150 87.3 51.2 27.5 23.8 26.5 30.8 24.9 52.1

mcire. wyliani 1983 23.8 25.1 29.9 69.8 108 67.0 27.7 22.9 25.7 25.7 32.3 28.3 40.5

aspinZa hesi md. mtkvari 1103 m F = 7461 km2

uxvwyliani 1954 22.8 24.3 27.1 117.5 238.5 151.3 89.2 29.0 25.9 22.2 22.0 22.5 66.0

saS. wyliani 1979 31.2 34.1 38.4 103.8 153.8 89.3 52.4 28.1 24.3 27.1 31.5 25.5 53.3

mcire. wyliani 1983 24.3 25.7 30.6 71.4 110.4 68.5 28.3 23.4 26.3 26.3 33.0 29.0 41.4



43

mtkvari hesi - md. mtkvari 990m F = 7610 km2

uxvwyliani 1954 23.6 25.2 28.1 121.7 246.9 156.6 92.3 30.0 26.8 23.0 22.8 23.3 68.3

saS. wyliani 1979 32.3 35.3 39.7 107.5 159.2 92.5 54.2 29.1 25.2 28.1 32.6 26.4 55.2

mcire. wyliani 1983 25.2 26.6 31.7 73.9 114.3 71.0 29.3 24.3 27.2 27.2 34.2 30.0 42.9

arakali hesi - md. faravani _ s. saRamo 1997 m. F=551 km2

uxvwyliani 1990 4.73 4.80 5.86 8.70 16.7 9.75 7.74 5.94 5.46 5.46 5.46 5.56 7.18

saSualo 1971 3.34 3.57 7.30 12.1 13.3 8.74 4.40 3.38 3.91 3.56 3.32 3.26 5.85

mc.wyliani 1955 4.40 4.43 4.67 5.23 10.8 6.52 4.88 4.35 4.00 3.89 3.91 4.12 5.10

md. faravani _ s. orjolari. F=1010 km2

uxvwyliani 1990 7.37 7.65 8.07 17.7 33.1 16.9 9.55 8.15 7.61 7.02 7.83 7.89 11.6

saSualo 1971 6.10 6.61 8.42 14.7 26.8 12.7 6.79 5.98 5.78 5.93 6.18 7.12 9.43

mc.wyliani 1955 6.43 6.52 6.90 8.66 15.6 9.45 6.86 6.21 6.29 6.19 6.08 6.24 7.62

abuli hesi. md. faravani _ 1833 m. F=1251 km2

uxvwyliani 1990 9.11 9.45 9.97 21.9 40.9 20.9 11.8 10.1 9.4 8.67 9.68 9.75 14.3

saSualo 1971 7.54 8.17 10.4 18.2 33.1 15.7 8.39 7.39 7.33 7.33 7.64 8.80 11.7

mc.wyliani 1955 7.95 8.06 8.53 10.7 19.3 11.7 8.48 7.67 7.77 7.65 7.51 7.71 9.42

axalqalaqi hesi, md. faravani _ 1630 m, F=1640 km2

uxvwyliani 1990 12.0 12.4 13.1 28.7 53.7 27.4 15.5 13.2 12.4 11.4 12.7 12.8 18.8

saSualo 1979 13.3 13.2 13.8 23.2 39.9 22.4 15.8 12.8 11.6 12.2 13.2 12.5 17.0

mc.wyliani 1955 11.9 11.8 12.5 18.2 34.9 21.1 15.4 12.1 10.1 10.8 10.7 12.6 15.2



44

naxazi 2.7 xerTvisi hesis modineba

naxazi 2.8 niala hmesis modineba

naxazi 2.9 aspinZa hesis modineba



45

naxazi 2.10 saSualo modineba hesis generaciis gasaangariSeblad md. mtkvrisTvis

2.2.6 qveda dinebis zegavlena

md. mtkvris wylis resursebi gamoiyeneba saxalxo meurneobaSi. md. mtkvarsa da mis Senakadebze aSenebulia mravalricxovani sarwyavi sistemebi



46

wyalSemkrebi hidroteqnikuri saTave nagebobebiT, romelTa Soris gamoiyofa: taSikaris, kavTisxevis, does-grakalas, kexvis, tirifonis, vanaTis, TeZi-okamis, TeZamos, diRomis, gardabnis arxebi.

md. mtkvris wylis resursebi gamoiyeneba energiis misaRebad. uSualod md. mtkvarze muSaobs dReRamuri regulirebis 3 hidroleqtrosadguri: CiTaxevis, zemo-avWalis, orTaWalis, romlebic mdinaris wylis reJimze gavlenas ar axdenen.

sqemiT gaTvaliswinebuli hesebis ganxorcielebiT SesaZlebeli iqneba md. mtkvris kalapotis gawylianeba wyalsacavis mier daregulirebuli wylis xarjze. misi efeqti metad mniSvnelovani iqneba wyalmoTxovnis da ekologiuri wonasworobis aRdgenisTvis, romelic amJamad sagrZnoblad gauaresebulia samrewvelo daniSnulebis wyalaRebebisa da biologiuri ganzavebisaTvis aucilebeli xarjebis araTanabrobis gamo. proeqtirebis Semdgom etapze unda moxdes misi Rrma Seswavla da wyalmoTxovnis parametrebis dakmayofilebisaTvis saWiro RonisZiebebis gaTvalsiwineba.



47

2.2.7 wyaldidobis sixSiris analizi

cxrili 2.16 wylis maqsimaluri xarjebi (m3/wm) sxvadasxva uzrunvelyofiT

mdinare _ punqti

wyalSemkrebi

auzis

farTobi, km2

uzrunvelyofa, %

0,01 0,1 1 3 5 10 20 25

mtkvari _ sof. xerTvisi 4980 1495 1050 696 552 491 410 331 306

hesis saTave nageboba _

1285m 4656 1439 1010 670 531 472 394 318 294


1200m 4907 1473 1034 686 544 485 404 326 301


1103m 7461 1932 1362 907 722 644 539 438 405


990m 7610 1970 1390 925 737 657 550 446 415

mtkvari _ sof. minaZe 8010 2074 1463 974 776 692 579 470 435

hesis saTave nagebobis niSnulebze 1285m da 1200m gadasvla ganxor-cielebulia md. mtkvari – s. xerTvisis monacemebiT, xolo 1115m da 1035m-ze md. mtkvari – s. minaZis monacemebiT.

2.2.8 wylis xarisxi da natani

md. mtkvarze myari natani Seiswavleba hidromertiul sadgurebze: s. xerTvisTan da s. minaZesTan, romelTa dakvirvebis periodebia Sesabamisad: 41 (1949, 1951_90w.w.) da 16 (1975_1990w.w.) weli.

dakvirvebis arasinqronulobis gamo SedarebisaTvis orive kveTisaTvis aviReT 16 wliani dakvirvebis periodi (1975_1990ww), romlis saSualo mravalwliuri maCvenebeli mocemula cxrilSi 2.17.

cxrili 2.17 saSualo Tviuri da wliuri natanis xarjebi, kg/wm

md. - punqti

wyalS. auz.farT.

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII weli

mtkvari-xerTvisi

7980 0.029 0.046 0.13 11.4 15.7 2.65 0.19 0.14 0.048 0.044 0.049 0.032 2.54

mtkvari-minaZe

8010 0.10 0.15 0.48 18.1 30.6 6.83 0.72 0.33 0.26 0.17 0.17 0.12 4.7

rogorc am cxrilidan Cans, s. minaZesTan myari natanis saSualo wliuri sidide paraleluri wlebis dakvirvebiT 1,85-jer aRemateba s. xerTvisis monacemebs, wyalSemkrebi auzis farTobebis Sefardeba am or kveTs Soris



48

Seadgens 1,61. amitom am etapze s. minaZesTan ativnarebuli wliuri xarjis sididie miviReT saorientaciod 4,7 kg/s, s. xerTvisTan 2.54 kg/s fskeruli natanis sidide aRebulia ativnarebuli natanis sidididan 15%, moculobiTi wona ativnarebuli natanisaTvis miviReT 1,2 t/m3, fskeruli natanisaTvis ki – 1.7t/m3. qvemoT cxril 2.18-Si mocemulia myari natanis maxasisTeblebi.

cxrili 2.18 myari natanis maxasiaTeblebi

mdinare _ punqti wyalS.auz. farTi

ativnareb. natani fskerze mcocavi na-

tani sul

kg/wm aTas.t. aTas.m3 kg/wm aTas.t. aTas.m3 kg/wm aTas.t. aTas.m3

mtkvari_xerTvisi 4980 2.54 80.1 66.8 0.38 12.0 7.06 2.92 92.1 73.8

mtkvari _ 1285 m 4793 2.44 77.3 64.4 0.37 11.7 6.88 2.81 89 71.3

mtkvari _ 1200m 4907 2.50 79.2 66.0 0.38 12.0 7.06 2.88 91.2 73.1

h/s mtkvari_ s. minaZe

8010 4.7 149 124 0.71 22.5 13.2 5.41 172 256

mtkvari_1103 m 7461 4.38 139 116 0.66 20.9 12.3 5.04 160 128

mtkvari_ 990 m 7610 4.47 142 118 0.67 21.2 12.5 5.14 163 131

mdinaris saSualo wliuri simRvrive s. xerTvisTan mravalwliuri dakvirvebis monacemebiT Seadgens 120 gr/m3.

wylis qimiur Semadgenloba

md. mtkvaris wyali hidroqimiuri SemadgenlobiT miekuTvneba hidrokarbona-

tuli klasis tips. wylis SemadgenlobaSi Warbobs HCO3, CA, Na+K, CL da

Mg, romelic mdinaris dinebis mimarTulebiT izrdeba. mdinaris wyali sufTaa, rbili da gamoiyeneba sasmelad.



49

wylis temperatura

wylis temperatura md. mtkvarze maRal maCvenebels aRwevs ivlis_agvistos TveebSi. dabali temperaturiT xasiaTdeba ianvari. mravalwliuri dakvirvebis (fazuri) monacemebiT yvelaze maRali maCvenebeli wylis temperaturisa

Seadgenda: s. xerTvisTan 26,80C 10/VI 1950 w, s. minaZesTan 27,20C 22/VIII 1968w.

cxrili 2.19 md. mtkvris dam d. faravanis wylis saSualo Tviuri temperatura

wylis saSualo Tviuri temperatura, °C

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII udidesi dakvirveb.

md. mtkvari – sofeli xerTvisi, (F=4980 km2) 1.2 1.5 3.4 7.8 12.7 17.0 20.2 22.0 16.1 10.1 5.3 2.9 34.2–25/VII/72

md. mtkvari – sofeli minaZe, (F=8010 km2) 0.9 1.7 4.5 7.8 12.5 16.2 19.3 19.0 15.6 10.4 5.8 1.8 27.2-22/VII/68

md. faravani – sofeli xerTvisi (F=2350km2) 1.2 1.5 3.0 6.7 11.6 15.6 19.0 19.0 14.8 9.2 5.0 23 36.2-22/VII/72

2.2.9 wylis minimaluri xarjebi

md. mtkvari minimalur xarjebs aRwevs zafuxl-Semodgomis periodSi da zamTarSi. zafxul-Semodgomis periodSi es xarji ganpirobebulia dabali naleqiT, xolo zamTarSi ki TovliT, rac ar lRveba gazafxulamde. amas garda mdinare sazrdoobs miwisqveSa wylebiT. Sesabamisad md. mtkvris minimaluri xarji warmoSobis mixedviT iyofa: zafxuli-Semodgomis da zamTris minimalur xarjebad. zamTris minimaluri xarji naklebia zafxuli Semodgomis minimalur xarjze. wliuri xarjebis minimumi ZiriTadad modis zamTris periodze. warmodgenili obieqtis minimaluri xarji emyareba md. mtkvari – sadguri xerTvisis dam d, mtkvari – sadguri minaZis monacemis analogs. oriveze Seswavlilia uzrunvelyofis mrudis parametrebi; monacemTa sizuste gada-mowmebulia. Sedegebi ixileT cxrilSi 2.20.



50

cxrili 2.20 wylis minimaluri xarjis parametrebi

აღწერა

ზამთარი შემოდგომა - ზაფხული

წლების

რაოდენობა

Q0

მ3/წმ CV Q0 Cx

წლების

რაოდენობა

Q0

მ3/წმ CV Q0 Cx

მტკვარი - სად.

ხერთვისი 51 9,01 0,18 2,1 9,13 51 10,1 0,24 3,36 10,2

მტკვარი - სად.

მინაძე 53 22,7 0,16 4,46 12,5 56 24,4 0,21 2,81 9,66

asimetriis koeficienti, cxrili 2.21 gvaZlevs informacias minimaluri xar-

jebis Taobaze sxavdasxva wlebSi hidrometeorologiuri sadgurebis mona-

cemebis gaTvaliswinebiT da saTave nagebobis niSnulebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

cxrili 2.21 wliuri minimaluri xarji sxvadasxva uzrunvelyofis dros, m3/wm

აღწერა

Q

ზამთარი,

მ3/წმ

წყლის მინიმალური ხარჯი, მ3/წმ

Q

შემოდგომა-

ზამთარი

მ3/წმ

შემოდგომა-ზაფხულის მინიმალური

წყლის ხარჯი, მ3/წმ

70 75 80 90 95 97 99 70 75 80 90 95 97 99

მტკვარი-

სად.

ხერთვისი

9.01 8.09 7.86 7.63 7.01 6.53 6.24 5.69 10.1 8.69 8.37 8.04 7.17 6.50 6.09 5.36

1285მ 8.42 7.56 7.35 7.13 6.55 6.11 5.83 5.32 9.44 8.13 7.83 7.52 6.70 6.08 5.69 5.01

1200მ 8.88 7.97 7.74 7.52 6.91 6.43 6.15 5.61 9.95 8.56 8.25 7.92 7.06 6.40 6.00 5.28

მტკვარი -

სად.

მინაძე

22.7 20.6 20.1 19.6 18.2 17.1 16.4 15.2 24.4 21.5 20.8 20.0 18.1 16.7 15.8 14.1

1103მ 21.1 19.2 18.7 18.3 17.0 15.9 15.3 14.2 22.7 20.0 19.4 18.6 16.9 15.6 14.7 13.1

990მ 21.6 19.6 19.1 18.6 17.3 16.2 15.6 14.4 23.2 20.4 19.8 19.0 17.2 15.9 15.0 13.4



51

3 geologiuri situacia

3.1 md. mtkvris samxreT ferdobis sainJinro-geologiuri maxasiaTeblebi

aRniSnuli raioni teqtonikuri TvalisazrisiT mdebareobs: mcire kavkasionis naoWa sistemis aWara-TrialeTis naoWa zonis, samxreT qvemozonaSi. kerZod, axalcixis da aspinZis seqtorebSi, da moicavs agreTve amave sistemis arTvin-bolnisis belts, javaxeTis qvemozonis – varZiis da axalqalaqis blokebs.

geologiuri struqtura

mtkvirs xeobis aRniSnuli monakveTis geologiur agebulebaSi monawileobas Rebuloben zeda carculi, Sua da zeda eocenuri, oligocen – qveda miocenuri, Sua miocenuri da zeoTxeuli sxvadasxva Semadgenlobis da asakis formaciebi.

K2 – zeda carculi – warmodgenilia TxelSreebrivi kirqvebiT da mergelebiT, Tixa qviSiani mergelebis SuaSreebiT – vulkanogenuri, tufobreqCiebi da tufebi. isini mcire gavrcelebiT sagebloben da gaSiSvlebuli arian mxolod CobreTis antiklinis TaRur nawilSi – sofel azeverTasTan.

22 – Sua eoceni – gavrcelebulia – mtkvris xeobaSi, sofel minaZis da

rusTavis midamoebSi, axalcixis antiklinis TaRur nawilSi da sabaduris da rusTavis antiklinebis gulebSi. am qanebSi, aRniSnul raionebSi gamoiyofa sami mZlavri erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebuli dasta: 1) fsamituri tufebi, alevritul-pelituri tufebi; 2)konglomeratebi, feradi TxelSreebrivi fiqlebrivi tufo-qviSaqvebi; 3) kvarciani qviSaqvebi, msxvilnatexovani andezituri qanebis tufo breqCiebi da tufo-qviSaqvebi. wyebaSi gvxvdeba Siga formaciuli andezituri bazaltebis ganfenebi, romelTa sisqec da raodenobac cvlebadia. aRniSnul ganfenebSi gvxvdeba agatis konkreciebi.

am qanebTanaa dakavSirebuli axalcixis raionis agatis sabadoebi.

sofel minaZesa da rusTavs Soris, Sua eocenis zeda nawili warmodgenilia overzuli sarTuliT, romelic liTologiurad Semdegnairad aris warmodge-nili:

1. qviSaqva Tixuri qanebi – (Tixiani qviSaqvebi, tufogenuri qviSaqvebi) mowiTalo-moyviTalo feris – simZlavre 60m.

2. nacrisferi – momwvano nacrisferi – tufo qviSaqvebi, wvrilnatexo-vani breqCiebi, andezitebis Sua SreebiT. zeda nawilSi – Tixa-qviSaqvebi Txeli SreebiT. simZlavre – 70m.

23 – zeda eoceni – ganviTarebulia sofel rusTavidan TiTqmis xerTvisamde

da warmodgenilia: qviSiani TixebiT, Tixafiqlebi – qviSaqvebis SuaSreebiT, breqCiebi da Tixiani konkglomeratebi – TabaSiriani monacrisfro yviTeli rbili kirqvebiT, Tixebi – kirqviani da Tixiani qviSaqvebiT. konkreciuli qviSaqvebi, sferuli – konkrecebiani kirqviani qviSaqvebiT. saerTo simZlavre 500 metramdea.

TabaSiriani Tixebi dabali wyalmedegobiT xaisaTdebian. xangrZlivi da peri-oduli dasvelebis dros kargaven Tavisi simtkicis 50%-s – garda amisa,



52

gamofitvis procesebi kidev ufro auareseben Tixebis fizikur-meqanikur maCveneblebs.

axalcixis raionSi gavrcelebuli zeda eocenuri Tixebis fizikur-meqanikuri maCveneblebi Semdegnairia:

moc. masa 2.12gr/sm2; simkvrive 2.7gr/sm3; forianoba 37-40%; plastiurobis ricxvi 23.5; Sinagani xaxunis koeficienti 0.4; SeWiduloba – 0.1 . 105pa

3-N11 – qvemo eoceni, oligoceni (maikopis wyeba).

gavrcelebulia raionis Crdilo-dasavleT nawilSi wnisis sinklinis gulSi da warmodgenilia – qviSaqvebiT, TixafiqlebiT, TixebiT; saerTo simZlavriT 500 metramdea. wyaba TabaSir Semcvelia.

N13 – N2

1 – Suamiocenur qveda paliocenuri - goderZis wyeba.

es mZlavri vulkanogenuri wyeba mkveTrad uTanxmod adevs danaoWebul eoce-nuri naleqebis sxvadasxva sarTulebs da Tavis mxriv ifarebian uTanxmod ganlagebuli zeda pliocenur-meoTxeuli lavebiT. igi ganviTarebulia arsian-is da eruSeTis mTianeTis farglebSi. goderZis wyeba sustad danaoWebulia – masSi ganviTarebulia submeridianuli gaSlili naoWebi.

goderZis wyeba liTologiurad warmodgenilia: 1. fsamituri tufebiT, kristaloklasturi tufebiT, alevrituli-pelituri ferflovani tufebiT, konglomeratebi tufuri cementiT, dastis qveda nawilSi ganlagebulia andezit-bazaltis ori ganfeni; 2. msxvilnatexovani tufo-breqCiebis msxvil qvargvalebiani konglomer-atebis da tufebis morigeoba; 3. andezitebis da andezit-dacitebis mZlavri ganfenebi.

wyebis saerTo simZlavre 900-1000m.

goderZis wyeba – md. uravelis xeobaSi da aspinZis RrmulSi – litera-turaSi cnobilia “qisaTibis wyebis” saxeliT – aRniSnul ubanze wyeba war-modgenilia zemodan-qveviT.

1. doleritebis ganfenebi tufebis Sua SreebiT 2. tufobreqCiebi, konglomeratebi da sxvadasxva tipis tufebi, diato-mitis SreebiT da andezituri dacituri Sidaformaciuli ganfenebiT.

arsebobs azri, rom goderZis wyeba ufro Zvelia vidre qisaTibis. simZlavre – 500-700 metramdea.

tufebi da tufobreqCiebi, romlebic vulkanuri ferfliT arian Secemen-tebuli – mcired wyalSemcvelebi arian da advilad muSavdebian, ris gamoc Tavis droze, X-XI saukuneebSi SesaZlebeli gaxda maTSi cnobili miwisqveSa arqeologiuri Zeglebis gamokveTa (varZia, vani da sxva).

goderZis da qisaTibis wyebis qanebi, forianobis napralianobis maRali xarisxis gamo, xasiaTdebian amaRlebuli wyalgamtarobiT, maTSi arsebuli andezitebis da andezitur-dacituri lavebiT, ufro wyalSemcavia vidre tufebi da sxva – romlebic zogjer adgilobriv wyaljebirebs warmoadgenen.

maRal debitiani miwiqveSa wylebi – gamoedineba mdianreebis qvabliani, urav-elis da sxva saTaveebSi.



53

md. mtkvris xeobaSi, xelsayreli morfologiuri pirobebis gamo ramodenime maRaldebitiani wyaroa dafiqsirebuli – rogorc aris zeda varZiis wyaroebi (debiti 6.0l/wm), aseve mZlavri wyaroebi gamoedineba sofel Tmogvis da Tmogviscixis SemogarenSi – wylebi ZiriTadad uwnevoa – xasiaTdeba dabali mineralizaciiT ZiriTadad 0.5 gr/l da hidrokarbonat – kalciumiani an na-triumiani SemadgenlobiT, gamoiyenebian dasaxlebuli punqtebis wyalmomar-agebaSi.

maRaldebitiani wyaroebi gvxvdeba mdinareebis – qvabliani, uravelis da sxva saTaveebSi da dakavSirebuli arian lavebTan. md. mtkvris xeobaSi, sadac gvaqvs xelsayreli morfologiuri pirobebi, fiqsirdeba ramodenime maR-aldebitiani wyaro.

am wyebasTan aris dakavSirebuli naxSiroJangiani mineraluri wylebis gam-osvlebi, hidrokarbonatul-kalcium magniumiani Semadgenlobis mineralizacia 2gr/l temp – 13-14 gradusi, uravelSi, mrakvalSi da olidaSi.

N23-Q – zedapliocenur-meoTxeuli lavebi warmodgenilia efuzuri

(amonTxeuli) qanebiT, romlebic TiTqmis horizontalurad faraven ufro Zvel sxvadasxva asakis dislocirebul qanebs.

liTologiurad warmodgenili arian bazaltebis da andezit-bazaltebis ganfenebiT, romlebSic gvxvdeba tbiuri naleqebis sakmaod mZlavri fenebi. lavebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia intensiuri napralianoba: gacivebis napralebi, qanebSi qmnian Zelisebur ganwevrebas.

intensiuri napralianobiTaa ganpirobebuli am qanebis wyalSemcaoba, rasac xels uwyobs agreTve atmosferuli naleqebis didi raodenoba (600-1000mm weliwadSi), infiltraciis xelSemwyobi morfologiuri pirobebi. lavebSi xSiria wyalgaumtari Tixuri Sua Sreebis arseboba, romlebTanac xSirad ari-an dakavSirebuli wyaroebis gamosavlebi. diddebitiani wyaroebi gvxvdeba zedapaleocen-meoTxeul lavebis da goderZis wyebis kontaqtis zonebSi. wylebi umetesad dabalmineralizebulia 0.1/0.3gr/l. hidrokarbonatuli kalcium-manganumianis tipi temperatura – 6-10 gradusi.

3.2 reliefis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi

igi moicavs md. mtkvris xeobis nawils sofel minaZidan saqarTvelos da TurqeTis saxelmwifo sazRvramde – da gamyofs eruSeTis mTianeTs – javaxeTis platosagan – misi sigrZe sofel minaZidan saxelmwifo sazRvramde – 65km-dea – gegmaSi xeobas aqvs rkaliseburi forma, romlis amozneqili nawili mimarTulia aRmosavleTisken – md. mtkvris absoluturi niSnulebi am monakveTze – 950 metridan aRwevs 1370 metramde. xeobis siRrme – axalcixis platosa da eruSeTis mTianeTs Soris aRwevs 500-800 metramde.

xeobis umetesi nawili gamomuSavebulia mcire danaoWebul vulkanogenur wyebaSi (goderZis wyeba), xolo Semdgom dinebis mimarTulebiT sofel xizabavridan – igi moemarTeba intensiurad danaoWebul paleogenur naleqebSi (zeda eocenuri Tixebi, qviSaqvebi, mergelebi da Sua eocenuri vulkanogenur wyebaSi – amis garda xeobis agebulebaSi monawileobas iReben meoTxeuli lavebi, romlebic xeobis zemo nawilSi (sazRvridan sofel apniamde) ganviTarebulia xeobis orive ferdobebze – qvemoT ki q. aspinZamde ganviTarebuli arian mxolod marjvena sanapiroze – ufro qvemoT, ki gvxvdebian calkeuli mcire zomis fragmentebis saxiT.



54

xeobis geomorfologia Seiqmna – reliefis eroziuli, akumulaciuri, vulkanuri, egzoteqtonikuri da antropogenuli procesebiT.

eroziulma procesebma ganapiroba xeobis siRrme, ferdobebis daxriloba, danawevreba da sxva.

vulkanuri formebi warmodgenilia – xeobis zedakidura mxareebze – romlebic qmnian axalqalaqis da agara-karzameTis platoebs.

wyalakumulaciurma procesebma Seqmnes kargad gamoxatuli Walis da Waliszeda terasebi mdinaris fuZesTan.

eqzogenurma procesebma ganapiroba zogjer sakmaod didi mewyerebis warmoqmna – ZiriTadad zeda eocenur terigenul qanebSi da goderZis wyebaSi – bevria e.w. antropogenuli (adamianis mier Seqmnili) terasebi da gamoqvabulebi.

md. mtkvris xeobis es monakveTi, geomorfologiuri TvalsazrisiT, SeiZleba daiyos samad:

1. zeda monakveTi – xeobis orive mxareze ganviTarebulia meoTxeuli lavuri zegnebi (plato) – dasavleTiT agara-karzameTis, xolo aRmosavleTiT – axalqalaqis – aq meoTxeul dolerituli lavebi qmnian ferdobebis sul zeda nawilebs, romlebic aTeuli metri simaRlis cicabo karnizebiT arian warmodgenili.

ferdobis danarCeni nawili agebulia goderZis wyebis naklebad dislocirebuli lavebiT, tufobreqCiebiT da tufebiT – xeobas aqvs kanioniseburi forma, misi siRrme 500 metria, kanionis sigane zeda nawilSi – 2.5-3km-ia.

xeobis am monakveTSi gvxvdeba calkeuli gamoqvabulebi, romlebsac (istoriuli masalebis mixedviT) qondaT TavdacviTi mniSvneloba.

xeobis qveda nawilSi – goderZis wyebis tufebSi da tufobreqCiebSi – gamokveTilia varZiis monasteri da vanis qvabis kompleqsi, romlebic Zveli qarTuli kulturis umniSvnelovanes Zeglebs warmoadgenen.

2. xeobis Sua monakveTi iwyeba Tmogvis viwroebidan – SemosazRvrulia dasavleTidan eruSeTis mTianeTiT, aRmosavleTiT ki axalqalaqis zeganiT – xeobis am monakveTis zemo nawili – e.w. naqalaqevis qvabuli grZeldeba TiTqmis 3km-mde mdinaris gaswvriv – igi warmoadgens 5km-mde gafarTovebuli xeobis nawils.

es gafarToveba Seqmnilia eroziuli procesebis da mewyeruli movlenebis erToblivi moqmedebiT, ramac am qvabuls misca Taviseburi forma.

Rrmulis centralur nawilSi ganviTarebulia mZlavri mewyerebi md. mtkvris marjvena sanapiroze – igi warmoadgens axalqalaqis platodan mowyvetil masivs, siganiT 1.5km da simZlavriT 250m. gamofitvis procesebma neogenur tufobregCiebSi warmoqmna Taviseburi organuli formebi. kldovani seri, romelzedac agebulia Tmogvis cixe – zogi mkvlevaris mixedviT, warmoadgens amave mewyeris nawils, romelic gaWrilia mdinare mtkvris mier. aseve mewyeruli warmoSobisaa aqve arsebuli wundas tba. mewyeruli movlenebia naqalaqevis Rrmulis sxva nawilebSic.



55

mewyerebis ZiriTad gamomwvev mizand iTvleba goderZis wyebis araerTgvarovani Semadgenloba: rbili tufuri qanebis swrafi daSla safuZvels aclis zed mdebare tufobreqCiebs da lavebs, da iwvevs maT dacurebas md. mtkvrisaken.

naqalaqevis Rrmulis qvemoT mdinare moedineba kanionisebur xeobaSi – romlis siganec 4-dan 2.5 km-mdea, xeobis siRrme – 450-500m-ia. xeobis ferdobebze – goderZis wyebaSi gamokveTiliaramodenime simagre da eklesia (jola gulsunda, pia da sxva).

mdinareebis mtkvris da axalqalaqis SesarTavTan, kldovan eroziul wyebaze dgas xerTvisis cixe.

3. mesame qveda monakveTi xeobisa – mdebareobs sofeli sarodan sofel minaZemde – 27km sigrZiT, gamomuSavebulia ZiriTadad zeda eocenuri asakis TixebSi, qviSaqvebSi, mergelebSi da konglomeratebSi, da SedarebiT mcire, magram mniSvnelovan – Sua eocenur-porfiritul tufobreqCiebSi, tufebSi.

aseve gvxvdeba meoTxeuli asakis lavebi, warmodgenili bazaltebiT da andezit-bazaltebiT.

xeoba aq ukve gaSlili da V-s msgavsi formisaa. kargad gamoiyofa mdinaris terasebi – qveda terasebi 2-20m simaRlezea ganviTarebuli, Zveli terasebi ki md. dones 50-100m scildeba da mveTrad gamorCeulia. gamorCeulia morfologiurad md. mtkvris xeobis monakveTi sofel minaZesa da sofel musxs Soris (4km sigrZis) – aq xeoba kveTs Sua eocenur vulkanogenur wyebas, romlebic gaSlili arian samxreTisaken gadaxril antiklinebSi – aseTive qanebia gaSiSvlebuli aspinZasa da Cermiuks Soris – e.w. CobareTis antiklinis gulSi – monakveTze xeoba viwrovdeba – aqvs kldovani ferdobebi.

sofel awyuridan zemoT – md. mtkvari qmnis or mkveTrad gamoyofil gafarToebebs – axalcixis da aspinZis – romelic erTmaneTsagan gamoyofilia rusTavi-minaZis viwro xeobiT – aspinZis gafarToeba – teqtonikurad warmoadgens sinklinoriums, romelic CamorCeba azevebis xarisxiT – TrialeTis qeds da eruSeTis mTianeTs. amitomac aq kargadaa gamoxatuli mdianreuli terasebi. aq gamoiyofa 7 terasuli safexuri.

(I-5-10m; II-30/40m; III-70-80; IV-120-130; V-150-160; VI-180-200; da VII 230-270 zRvis donidan) romlebic gansakuTrebiT IV-VII terasebi SemorCenili arian calkeuli fragmentebis saxiT.

aRsaniSnavia, rom aspinZis raionSi meSvide (230-270) terasis fragmenti gadafarulia axalgazrda lavuri ganfenebiT.

ganxiluli raioni mdebareobs 8-9 balian seismur zonaSi – Zvel CanawerebSi dafiqsirebulia miwisZvra, romelmac mTlianad daangria Tmogvis cixe. ax-alqalaq-axalcixis zona maRali seismuri aqtivobiT gamoirCeva saqarTveloSi.



56

ruqa 3.1 geologiuri ruqa



57

pirobiTi aRniSvnebi



58

qanebis Semadgenloba da mdgomareoba

maCvenebelTa daxasiaTeba

1.7 2.4 5 6 9.11 8,10,12,13 14

aluvioni,

kaWar-

kenWnari

proluvioni,

deluvioni,

amtvrevi masala

Tixnaris Sem-

avseblebiT,

Tixnari RorRis

CanarTebiT

mewyeruli

deluvioni,

Tixnarebi

da Tixebi

RorRiT,

gadazelili

tbiuri da

tbiur-

Waoburi

naleqebi,

Tixebi,

Tixnarebi,

qviSnarebi,

qviSebi,

kenWnarebi

tbiuri da

tbiur-

aluviuri

naleqebi,

Tixebi,

Tixnarebi,

qviSnarebi,

qviSebi,

jenWnarebi

andezitebi, andezit-bazaltebi, doleritebi tufobreqCiebi

bunebrivad

Semonaxuli,

mkvrivi zomi-

erad napralo-

van zonebSi

Zlieri napra-

lianobisa da

teqtonikuri

rRvevebis

zonebSi

gantvirTvis,

gamofitvisa da

teqtonikuri

mtvrevis zonebSi

bunebrivad

kargad Semon-

axuli, mkvrivi

da zomierad

napralovan

zonebSi

gantvirTvis

Zlieri napra-

lianobisa da

teqnikuri

msxvrevis

zonebSi

gruntis nawilakTa simkvrive, ρs kg/m3 2700 2700 2700-2750 2700 2700-2750 2750 2750 2700 2750 2750

gruntis simkvrive bunebrivi tenianobis

pirobebSi, ρs kg/m3

2100 1850-1900 1800 1700-1850 1800-1900 2600-2700 2500-2600 2500 2600-2650 2500-2600

forianoba, n% 30 40 40-50 50 40-45 5-10 10-15 12-18 4-8 10-15

bunebrivi tenianoba, W% 5-10 15-20 20-25 25 20-25 3-5 5-7 10 2-4 4-6

simagris koeficienti, f gay. 1-1.5 0.8-1 0.8-0.9 0.8 0.8-1 10-15 7-10 5-8 8-12 5-8

simagris koeficienti, f mop. - - - - - 7-8 3-4 2-3 5-7 2-4

droebiTi winaRoba kumSvaze, R k. mpa - - - - - 100-150 70-100 50-80 80-120 50-80

xvedriTi ukuwnevis koeficienti, K0, kg/sm3 - - - - - 700-800 300-400 200-300 500-700 200-400

deformaciis moduli, E mpa 50 10-20 10-15 10-20 20-25 5000-10000 1000-3000 500-1000 5000-10000 1000-3000

Sinagani xaxunis kuTxe, φ° (tgφ) 33° 20-25° 10° 15° 15° 0.8-0.9 0.7 0.6 0.8-0.9 0.6-0.7



59

SeWiduloba, C mpa 0.01 0.02-0.03 0.02-0.03 0.02 0.03-0.04 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3-0.4 0.2-0.3

dasaSvebi datvirTva (saangariSo wona),

kg/sm2 4-5 2 1.5 1.5-2 2-3 >30 ≥10 >10 >30 >10

filtraciis koeficienti, Kf m/dRe-Rame 50 0.5-1 0.1-0.5 0.1-.1 ≤0.1 0.5-1 1-3 3-5 da meti 0.1-0.5 0.5-1

qanebis damuSavebis jgufi III II,III II II II-III VII-IX saS. IX VII-IX saS. VIII V-VIII saS.VI-VII VII-IX saS. VIII



60

3.3 kaSxlis teritoriis geologiuri pirobebi

niala hmesi

rac Seexeba niala hmess, am hidroteqnikur kvanZSi yvelaze mniSvnelovania daproe-qtebuli wyalsacavi, romelic ganlagebulia meoTexeuli tbiuri qanebiT amovsebul RrmulSi. meoTxeuli qanebis qveS meoTxeuli lavebia, romlebic Tavis mxriv faraven goderZis wyebas. bolo ori wyeba, rogorc adre avRniSneT saimedo safuZvlebs warmoadgenen yo-velgvari nagebobebisTvis. rac Seexeba RrmulSi ganlagebul meoTxeul tbiur qanebs, maTi filtraciis koeficienti mocemulia cxrilSi. misi simZlavre da qce-va wyalTan urTierTmoqmedebis Sedegad, unda dazustdes proeqtis Semdgom stadi-aze.

xerTvisi hesi

wyalmimRebi mdebareobs md. mtkvris zeda dinebaSi. gvirabi wyalmimRebidan xerTvi-si hesamde ZiriTadad gaivlis lavur qanebSi, xolo SedarebiT mcire – goderZis wyebaSi, romelebic warmodgenili arian tufogenuri qanebiT. vinaidan es ori wye-ba erTmaneTisagan mkveTrad gansxvavdebian Tavisi walgamtarobiT, mosalodnelia gvirabSi wyalmodenis gazrda iq sadac es ori sxvadasxva wyeba erTmaneTis kontaqtSi modian. sxva mxriv yvela qanebi sakmaod mtkiceni arian da saimedo sa-fuZvlebs warmoadgenen nagebobisTvis.

3.4 seismuri riskebi da analizi

samcxe-javaxeTis teritoria da samxreT saqarTvelos vulkanuri mTebi ZiriTadad warmoadgenen alpur-himalaiuri seismuri sartyelis nawils da teqtonikuri zonis gaTvaliswinebiT igi mcire kavkasionis sistemas ganeuTvneba.

javaxeTis vulkanuri zegani gamoirCeva seismuri aqtivobis maRali doniT.

amisa da axlo warsulis geodinamikuri aqtivobis sxva movlenebis gamo (danaoWeba, dabzarva, mTaTwarmoqmna) gansaxilveli regioni dgas realuri bunebrivi safrTxeebis winaSe, rac TavisTavad zegavlenas iqoniebs infrastruqturasa da garemoze.



61

ruqa 3.4.1 miwisZvriT gamowveuli bzarebis ruqa

miwisZvrebi aRiniSneba didi kavkasionis gayolebaze, ZiriTadad samxreT oseTSi da mcire kavkasionis gaswvris (javaxeTis zeganze), rac aqtiur bzars ukavSirdeba.

saqarTvelos istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze mZlavri miwisZvra (7 magnituda) moxda 1350 wels leCxum-svaneTSi. sakvlevi teritoriasTan uSualod axlos cixeqalaq

TmogvTan jer 1089 wels, xolo Semdeg 1283 wels moxda Zlieri miwisZvra (I0=9-

10), romelmac mTlianad daangria qalaqi. xolo sakvlevi teritoriidan

arc ise Sors 1940 wlis 7 maiss moxda tabawyuris miwisZvra (Ms=6.0, I0=8-9),

romelmac 40000 kaci imsxverpla. aseve Zlieri miwisZvrebi moxda: teberdis

1905 wels (Ms=6.4, I0=7), qarTlis 1920 wels (Ms=6.2, I0=8-9), sxalTis 1963

wels (Ms=6.4, I0=9), gudamayris 1992 wels (Ms=6.3, I0=8).

mxolod qarTlis miwisZvra 1920 wels da tabawyuris miwisZvra 1940 wels uerTdeba mcire kavkasionis napralis sistemas, sxva didi movlenebi uerTdeba didi kavkasionis napralis sistemas. aq dafiqsirebuli miwisZvris kerebis siRrme saSualod 5-10 km-mde meryeobs.

miwisZvram gamoiwvia egzogeodinamikuri movlenebis intensiuri ganviTareba. warmoiqmna axali mewyerebi da kldezvavebi. miwis zedapirze gaCnda uamravi Ria naprali. mraval adgilze daikarga, an axlad gaCnda mtknari da mineraluri wyaroebi; ganviTarda mewyerebi soflebSi: Tmogvi, naqalaqevi, sakudabeli, orgora, rusTavi da sxva, romelTa moculobebi 50-70 milioni kuburi metris farglebSi meryeobs.

Catarebuli kvlevebis analiziT 1089, 1283 da 1940 wlebis miwisZvris Sedegad dadginda Semdegi:

1. miuxedavad sakmaod mZlavri miwisZvrisa, regionSi mniSvnelovani originaluri teqtonikuri cvlilebebis gamoxatuleba miwis zedapirze ar aRiniSneboda; 2. Zlieri ngrevebi aRiniSna intensiuri danaoWebis gavrcelebis zonaSi;



62

3. yvela didi moculobis kldezvavebi da mewyrebi dakavSirebuli arian teqtonikuri aSlilobis zonebTan da miekuTvnebian seismogravitaciul jgufs; 4. 45 gradusi da meti daxrilobis ferdobebze gadatexvis zonebSi TiTqmis yvelgan gaCnda ZiriTadad meridianuli gavrcelebis seismuri Ria napralebi, romlebmac sabednierod Semdgomi ganviTareba ver hpoves; 5. mniSvnelovnad Zlieria miwisZvrebiT gamowveuli ngrevebi im terasebze, sadac miwisqveSa wylebis doneebi axlosaa miwis zedapirTan; 6. gvxvdeba faqtebi, romliTac TiTqmis erTi da igive geologiur geomorfologiur pirobebSi ngrevebi hifsometriulad maRal niSnulze mniSvnelovnad ufro Zlieria, vidre dabal niSnulze. am movlenis genezisi CvenTvis ucnobia; 7. didi kaSxlis arsebobam SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios seismuri aqtivoba.

kalkulaciebi

savaraudo seismuri ruqa Sedgenilia saqarTvelos teritoriis gaTvaliswinebiT. kalkulaciebisTvis gamoyenebulia kornelis xedva, konkretulad kompiuteruli

programa SEISRISK III, romelic Sedgenilia 1987 wels benderisa da perkinis mier. seismuri riskebis gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT gamoyenebuli iqna Semdegi ZiriTadi elementebi: seismuri zonebis definicia, seismurobis parametrebi da urTierTdamokidebulebis koeficienti.

e. gamyreliZis mier momzadebuli ruqiT, gakeTda seismuri zonebis definicia. seismuri zonebis definiciis Sedgom moxda parametrebis Sefaseba. aseve gakeTda saqarTveloSi momxdari miwisZvrebis Semowmeba da Sefaseba. miwisZvrebis hipocentruli parametrebi Tavidan iqna gadasinjuli. specialuri algoriTmi iqna gamoyenebuli biZgebisa da biZgebis Semdgomi gansazRvrisaTvis. Sedegad miRebuli gvaqvs damoukidebeli SemTxvevebis katalogi. a da b Sefaseba moxda seismuri zonebis definiciisTvis.

PGA da makro seismuri modelebi kavkasiisa da mis Semogaren midamoebSi gamoyenebuli iqna sixSirisa da intensivobis donis 1%, 2% da 5% kalkulaciebisaTvis varaudebiT 50 wlis manZilze. maqsimaluri intensivobis maCveneblebi SevadareT arsebul sxvadasxva saxeobis seismur ruqebs, ris safuZvelzec Seiqmna seismuri daraionebis alternatiuli ruqa.



63

ruqa 3.4.2 1%-iani seismuri riskebis Seswavla (MSK skala*)

wyaro: saqarTvelos geofizikis instituti

*9 bals MSK skaliT Seesabameba 7 magnituda

diskusiebi da kalkulaciebi

imisaTvis, rom moxdes alternatiuli versiis (varaudis) amorCeva, Catarebulia specialuri testebi: es prognozirebis ruqebi Sedarebul iqna ruqebTan,

romlebic Sedgenili iqna intensivobaze dakvirvebiT, GIS teqnologiis gamoyenebiT. optimaluri ruqa unda iyos dabalansebuli, vinaidan ar unda iqnes gamotovebuli Zlieri Zvrebi da aseve ar unda moxdes faqtebis zedmetad Sefaseba.

Sedarebis Sedegebma gviCvena, rom Teoriulsa da GIS teqnologiiT momzadebul eqsperimentul ruqebs Soris aRiniSneba Semdegi cvlilebebi: 5% savaraudo ruqaze gamotovebulia ramodenime msxvili miwisZvra, imis CaTvlis rac momxdara im periodSi rodesac xdeboda miwisZvrebis aRricxva. 2%-ani ruqa asaxavs TiTqmis yvela miwisZvras; 1%-iani ruqa iTvaliswinebs yovel niuanss.

aseve naCvenebia histogramebi, sadac asaxulia teritoriebis zedmetad an naklebad Sefaseba. naTelia, rom minimaluri Sefasebebi parametrebis sxvaobebs Soris Teoriul doneze da eqsperimentaluri monacemebi miRweulia 2%-ianSi.



64

gruntis maqsimaluri aCqareba (gma)

5% 2% 1%

mtkvris zeda welis kaskadis gma 0.20-0.30 0.30-0.40 0.40-0.50

ruqa 3.4 gma-is ruqa 1%, saqarTvelo (1999)

wyaro: saqarTvelos geofizikis instituti

Zlieri miwisZvrebis ganmeorebadobis perioduloba kavkasiis regionSi sakmaod didia saukuneebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tumca midamoebi maRali seismuri riskebis potencialiT, rac warsul aTasleulebSi ar aRniSnula, SesaZlebelia miCneuli iqnes seismurad maRali aqtivobis zonad, sadac Zlieri miwisZvra SesaZlebelia moxdes momavalSi.

vinaidan saproeqto adgili sakmaod maRali seismurobiT gamoirCeva unda moxdes seismo-teqtonikuri da aseve adgilis seismuri riskebis detaluri Seswavla. aseTi Seswavla unda ganxorcieldes proeqtis ganviTarebis Sesabamis etapze.

saqarTvelos seismuri qseli iTvaliswinebs ori sadguris monacemebs: erTi q. axalcixesTan da meore bakurianTan. maqsimaluri magnetuda axalcixis regionSi aris 6-6.5. mtkvri-faravanis kaskadis mSenebeloba unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli ise, rom nagebobebma gauZlos 9 balian miwisZvras da misi anti-seismuri maCveneblebi unda iqnes gansazRvruli damatebiTi Seswavlis Sedegad.

es mosazrebebi unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli mtkvari-faravnis kaskadis proeqtis dizainis gaTvlebSi.



65

4 dizaini da samSeneblo

samuSaoebi

4.1 saerTo mosazrebebi

4.1.1 samuSaos Sesrulebis koncefcia

aRsaniSnavia, rom programis zogadi mizani aris gansazRvros saukeTeso teqnikuri da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis variantebi mTlian kaskadze. imisaTvis, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes arsebuli dawnevis optimalurad gamoyeneba, miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi unda daefuZnos Tanamedrove da konkurentunariani teqnologiebis gamoyenebas, aseve optimaluri samSeneblo kalkulaciebis gaTvaliswinebas. am saerTo miznis miRwevisaTvis ZiriTadi Seswavlis sagani gaxda Semdegi ZiriTadi sakiTxebi:

proeqtis gansaxorcieleblad SerCeuli adgilis socialur-ekonomikuri pirobebis, topografiis, arsebuli nagebobebis, mimdinare da dagegmili samSeneblo samuSaoebis, proeqtis ganviTarebis mTels teritoriaze da mdinaris qveda welSi hidrologiuri da hidravlikuri pirobebis, rezervuaris operirebis, arsebuli da mosalodneli xarjis maxasiaTeblebis, biologiuri minimumis, irigaciis amJamindeli da samomavlo moTxovnis perspeqtivebis da aseve geologiuri/geoteqnikuri pirobebis Seswavla da analizi.

alternatiuli samSeneblo dizainis gavaliswinebiT, aseve winamdebare Seswavlisa da saTave nagebobebis, auzis Seswavlis niadagze optimaluri hidro nagebobebis SerCeva.

wina-sakvalifikacio dizaini proeqtis gegmisa, romelSic gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba mosalodneli garemos riskebi.

dizainis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi gakeTebulia IRR-is (ukugebis Sida norma) gaTvaliswinebiT. igi damokidebulia mSeneblobis Rirebulebasa da operirebis periodze. aseve gaTvaliswinebulia arsebuli energo bazris ganviTareba.

4.1.2 adreuli Seswavlis mimoxilva da Sefaseba

winaswari teqnikur-ekonomikuri Seswavlis dizainis samuSaoebi sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom detalurad moxdes koncefciis ganxilva, ZiriTadi monacemebis Sefaseba, xarjebis, mogebis da sqemebis Sedarebis saSualebiT.

SemdgomSi sruli teqnikur-ekonomikuri Seswavlisas moxdeba monacemebis ufro detalurad Seswavla erT an or SerCeul sqemaze.



66

4.2 wyalsacavis kaSxlis adgilmdebareobis alternativebi

sakmaod seriozulad iqna ganxiluli xerTvisis wyalsacavis sami alternatiuli ganTavsebis adgili:

alternativa I – iTvaliswinebs kaSxlis mSeneblobas sofel miraSxanTan axlos 1263.0m niSnulze;

alternativa II – iTvaliswinebs kaSxlis mSeneblobas sofel miraSxanTan da md.ardaganis SesarTavTan axlos 1270.0m niSnulze;



67

alternativa III – iTvaliswinebs kaSxlis mSeneblobas md. mtkvarze olodis monasteridan 0.8 km manZilze 1284.5m niSnulze.

proeqtirebis am etapze saWiro sizustis doneze SedarebiTi analizi moyvanilia cxrilSi 4.1 da gakeTebulia zemoqmedebis winaswari Sefaseba. analizis Sedegebi saSualebas gvaZlevs, gamovkveToT arsebuli tendeciebi da misaReb alternativad miviCnioT III varianti,

I da II variantSi geologiuri pirobebi ufro rTulia. aluvialuri naleqebis simZlavre meryeobs 2-5 metris farglebSi. xolo III –variantis SemTxvevaSi 1-2 m-ia da kaSxalis ganTavseba gaTvaliwinebulia aqtiuri garecxvis zonaSi, mosalodneli miwisZvris epicentridan moSorebiT.

III variantiSi topografiuli pirobebiT ufro xelsayrelia vidre I vari-anti, kaSxlis ganTavsebis adgili SedarebiT Seviwrovebulia da xeoba iSleba zeda dinebisken.

I da II variantebiSi kaSxlis siaxlovis gamo zemoqmedebis qveS eqceva mo-saxleobis garkveuli nawili, xolo III-variantis SemTxvevaSi ki, ara.

I da II varianti III variantze metad zemoqmedeben sasoflo-sameurneo mi-waze (droebiTi saZovrebi da mcire odenobis saxnav-saTesi miwa).

I da II varianti mniSvnelovnad zemoqmedeben kulturul memkvidreobaze (olodis monasteri da sxva), xolo III variantis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebe-lia mcireodeni zegavlena.

cxrili 4.1 xerTvisis kaSxlis teritoriis SerCevis kriteriumebi



68

kriteriumebi I varianti II varianti III varianti

samTo-geologiuri piro-

bebi damakmayofilebeli kargi kargi

topografiuli pirobebi damakmayofilebeli kargi kargi

hidrologiur reJimze

zegavlena mcired uaryofiTi mcired uaryofiTi mcired uaryofiTi

mosaxleobis dasaxlebaze

zegavlena mcired uaryofiTi mcired uaryofiTi umniSvnelo

sasoflis sameurneobis warmoe-

baze zegavlena dadebiTi dadebiTi dadebiTi

satransporto infra-

struqturaze zegavlena mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi

rekriaciasa da turizmze

zegavlena mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi

generaciaze zegavlena mniSvnelovnad

dadebiTi

mniSvnelovnad

dadebiTi dadebiTi

zamTris gamomuSavebaze

zegavlena

mniSvnelovnad

dadebiTi

mniSvnelovnad

dadebiTi dadebiTi

eroziaze zegavlena dadebiTi dadebiTi dadebiTi

zemoqmedebis qveS moqceu-

li tyeebi Aar arsebobs Aar arsebobs Aar arsebobs

zemoqmedebis qveS moqceu-

li savargulebi umniSvnelo umniSvnelo Aar arsebobs

Kkulturuli memkvidreoba mniSvnelovani mniSvnelovani Mmcired uaryofiTi



69

aseve ganxiluli iqna nialas wyalsacavis ori alternatiuli ganTavsebis adgili.

alternativa I – iTvaliswinebs kaSxlis mSeneblobas md.ardaganze 1770.0m niSnulze

alternativa II – iTvaliswinebs kaSxlis mSeneblobas sofel nialasTan axlos md.ardaganze 1778.5 m niSnulze;



70

proeqtirebis am etapze saWiro sizustis doneze SedarebiTi analizi moyvanilia cxrilSi 4.2 da gakeTebulia zemoqmedebis winaswari Sefaseba. analizis Sedegebi saSualebas gvaZlevs, gamovkveToT arsebuli tendeciebi da misaReb alternativad miviCnioT II varianti,

II variantSi geologiuri pirobebi ufro rTulia vidre I variantisa. tbi-uri naleqebis arsebobis gamo.

I variantiSi topografiuli pirobebiT ufro xelsayrelia vidre II vari-anti, kaSxlis ganTavsebis adgili SedarebiT Seviwrovebulia.

I variantSi wyalsacavis zemoqmedebis qveS eqceva istoriuli mniSvnelobis sofel lepisis mosaxleobis garkveuli nawili, xolo II-variantis Sem-TxvevaSi ki, sofel nialas umniSvnelo nawili.

I variantSi wyalsacavis Setborvis zonaSi xvdeba saZovrebisa da saTibebis mniSvnelobani raodenobis farTobebi, romlebic SesaZlebelia irigaciis sistemis mowyobis Semdeg gamoyenebuli iqnes sasaoflo-sameurneo kul-turebisaTvis, xolo II variantis SemTxvevaSi naklebad mniSvnelovani raodenobis daWaobebuli saZovrebi.

I varianti mniSvnelovnad zemoqmedebs kulturul memkvidreobaze (sof.lepisi, yorRanebi da sxva), xolo II variantis SemTxvevaSi Sesa-Zlebelia mcireodeni zegavlena.

cxrili 4.2 nialas kaSxlis teritoriis SerCevis kriteriumebi

kriteriumebi I varianti II varianti

samTo-geologiuri pirobebi kargi damakmayofilebeli

topografiuli pirobebi kargi damakmayofilebeli

hidrologiur reJimze zegavlena mcired uaryofiTi mcired uaryofiTi

mosaxleobis dasaxlebaze zegavlena mcired uaryofiTi umniSvnelo

sasoflis sameurneobis warmoebaze

zegavlena dadebiTi dadebiTi

satransporto infrastruqturaze

zegavlena mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi

rekriaciasa da turizmze zegavlena mcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi

generaciaze zegavlena mniSvnelovnad dadebi-

Ti

mniSvnelovnad dadebi-

Ti

zamTris gamomuSavebaze zegavlena mniSvnelovnad dadebi-

Ti

mniSvnelovnad dadebi-

Ti

eroziaze zegavlena Mmcired dadebiTi mcired dadebiTi



71

zemoqmedebis qveS moqceuli tyeebi Aar arsebobs Aar arsebobs

zemoqmedebis qveS moqceuli savargulebi mniSvnelovani umniSvnelo

Kkulturuli memkvidreoba uaryofiTi Mmcired uaryofiTi

4.2.1 dizainis parametrebi

mimoxilva

dizainis samuSaoebi wina-fizibiliTisaTvis sakmarisia imisaTvis, rom ganvsazRvroT da SevadaroT aucilebeli detalebi, rogoricaa koncefciis aRwera, ZiriTadi monacemebis, Rirebulebis, sqemebis Sedarebisa da upiratesobis dadgena.

Semdgomi fizibiliTis etapze moxdeba am informaciis gafarToveba erTi an ori SerCeuli sqemiT.

optimizacia da ZiriTadi patametrebi

winaswari optimizacia iTvaliswinebda ZiriTadi parametrebis gansazRvras:

dadgmuli simZlavre (IC)

maqsimaluri Setborvis done (FSL)

ixleT cxrili 1.3 mtkvaris kasakadis maxasiaTeblebi

rezervuaris adgilis gansazRvra da moculobebis mrudi

rezervuaris zedapiris farTobebis gaangariSeba da misi moculobis dadgena

efuZvneba naxaz R-57290-003-s. sacavis moculobis zrdis mrudi agebulia wak-veTili konusis formulis gamoyenebiT:

iiiii

iiii

ii VVhAAAA

VV ,11,1

11

13

hi… kaSxlis simaRle

Vi… rezervuaris moculoba kaSxlis simaRlesTan hi

Ai… rezervuaris sarkiseburi zedapiris farTobi kaSxlis simaRleze hi

Δhi-1,i… hi - hi-1

kaSxlis tipisa da simaRlis SerCeva

kriteriumebi romlis safuZvelzec moxda kaSxlis tipis SerCeva, aseve Sedareba sxvadasxva tipis kaSxlebTan naCvenebia damatebaSi.

wyalsataris (derivaciis) dizaini



72

ZiriTadi nawilebi

wyalsataris daniSnulebaa gadaitanos wyali rezervuaridan turbinebSi (mimyvani) da turbinebidan qveda sqemiT gaTvaliswinebuli hesis rezervuarSi an mdinaris qveda welSi (gamyvani). wyalsataris ZiriTadi nawilebia:

1. saleqari 2. wyalmimRebi tranzituli milisadenisa da arxisaTvis 3. tranzituli milsadeni(arxi) 4. wyalsacavi 5. kaSxali - qvanayari - betonis 6. wyalmimRebi sadawneo gvirabisaTvis 7. mimyvani (derivaciuli) gvirabi 8. gamTanabrebeli rezervuari 9. sadawneo Saxta 10. hesis Senoba 11. gamyvani gvirabi da arxi 12. gamosasvleli portali

saleqari

a. aRwera

saleqari integrirebulia wyalmimRebTan da misi daniSnulebaa myari natanisagan gawmendili wyali miawodos satranzito, saderivacio nagebobebs da turbinebs. saleqari warmoadgens erTkamerian, orsafexurian rkinabetonis nagebobas. TiToeuli safexuri uzrunvelyofilia gamrecxi mowyobilobebiT.

b. hidravlikuri dizaini:

modinebis siCqare: ≤ 0.6 m/wm



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wyalmimRebi tranzituli gvirabisaTvis

a. aRwera

wyalmimRebi qmnis Semosasvlels gvirabisTvis da integrirebuli iqneba betonis kaSxalTan (tiroli tipis) an ganTavsebuli iqneba rezervuaris ganapiras kaSxlis midamoebSi. sadac SesaZlebelia, kldis zedapiri gamoyenebulia wyalmimRebis ganTavsebisaTvis. wyalmimRebis zRurblis niSnuli aris minimum saoperacio donis qveviT da dagegmili rezervuaris danaleqis zeviT.

integrirebuli wyalmimRebi aRWurvili iqneba nagavdamWeri gisosiT, saremonto

fariT, avariuli saketiT da portaluri amweebiT. gaTvaliwinebulia misasvleli saavtomobilo gzis mowyoba.

b. hidravlikuri dizaini

modinebis siCqare: ≤4.0 m/wm

wyalsacavebi

a. aRwera

proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebulia md. mtkvaris da misi Senakadis md. ardaganis SesarTavTan xerTvisis da nialas wyalsacavebis Seqmna qvanayari kaSxlebis mowyobis gziT. xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavi ganekuTvneba kanionis tipis Rrmawylian mTis wyalsacavs, romlis kaSxlis gawori mdebareobs sofeli miraSxanidan 1.1 km manZilze mdinaris dinebis sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT. nialas hidromaakumulirebeli sadguris wyalsacavi ganekuTvneba tbisebri tipis Rrmawylian wyalsacavs, romlis ZiriTadi kaSxlis RerZi mdebareobs sof.nialadan 2,5 km manZilze niala-miraSxanis saavtomobilo gzis mimarTulebiT, xolo mcire simaRlis qvanayari kaSxali mdebareobs wyalsacavis marjvena napirze ZiriTadi kaSxlis RerZidan 2.6 km manZilze.

xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavi

maqsimaluri Setborvis done 1371 m niSnuli SerCeuli iqna datborvis dasaSvebi pirobebis gaTvaliwinebiT. normaluri Setborvis done ki _ 1368 m md. mtkvaris gaswvriv vrceldeba 11000 m-ze. wyalsacavis sigane meryeobs 50-510 m-mde. damuSavebis prizmis maqsimaluri simaRle 63.0m. mTliani moculoba _ 129.0 milioni m3, sasargeblo moculoba _ 123.2 milioni m3, wylis sarkis farTobi _ 3.7km2.

wyalsacavis daniSnulebaa md.mtkvaris sezonuri regulireba da xasiaTdeba Semdegi maCveneblebiT:

wyalSemkrebi farTi _ 4656.0 km2;

wliuri Camonadeni mravalwliuri dakvirvebaTa rigidan (50%-uzrunvelyofa 1979w.) – 947.0 mln.m3;

saSualo mravalwliuri xarji (nialas wyalsacavis gaTvaliswinebiT)–29.95m3/wm;

dakvirvebuli maqsimaluri xarji _773.0 m3/wm;

dakvirvebuli minimaluri xarji _ 90.2 m3/wm;

sasargeblo moculobis fardoba wliur CamonadenTan _ 0.13

Camonadenis gamoyenebis koficienti _ 0.9



74

wyalsacavis normaluri Setborvis done 1368.0 m uzrunvelyofilia 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi (gazafxuli, zafxulisa da zamTris TveebSi). weliwadis danarCeni drois ganmavlobaSi wyalsacavi muSavdeba da ivseba hesis menejmentis Sexedulebisamebr.

wyalsacavis gavrcelebis farglebSi md.mtkvris xeobis ferdobebis zeda nawili agebulia meoTxeuli dolotirebuli lavebiT, romlebic aTeuli metri simaR-lis cicabo karnizebiT arian warmodgenili. ferdobis danarCeni nawili agebulia goderZis wyebis naklebad dislocirebuli lavebiT. misi simZlavre 500 metrs aRwevs.

angariSiT wyalsacavis Sevseba myari natanebiT wyalmimRebis zRurblamde 1300.0 m moxdeba 81 wlis Semdeg. wyalsacavis mTliani moculobis Sevseba ki - moxdeba 1809 wlis Semdeg.

wyalsacavis mowyobisaTvis saWiroa 480.0 ha miwis farTobi. datborvis qveS moy-olili miwis farTobebi ar gamoiyeneboda agraluri kulturebisaTvis. radgan ma-Ti umetesi nawili amJamadac, wyaluxvobis periodSi bunebrivad eqvemdebarebian datborvas. datborvis qveS mohyveba ZiriTadad ara sasoflo sameurneo dan-

iSnulebis gamoudegari farTobi 420 ha (100%). wyalsacavis tevrSi (чаша) gaT-valiwinebulia teritoriis gawmenda buCqnarisagan.

md. mtkvaris gadaketvis Sedegad ar Sewydeba Zvirfasi Tevzis jiSebis gadaadgile-ba mdinaris zeda dinebaSi, radgan proeqtiT gaTvaliwinebuli iqneba Tevzsavalis mowyoba.

niala hmesis wyalsacavi

maqsimaluri Setborvis done 1828.0 m niSnuli SerCeuli iqna datborvis dasaSvebi pirobebis gaTvaliwinebiT. normaluri Setborvis done ki _ 1826.5m. wyalsacavis sigane meryeobs 780-2160 m-mde. damuSavebis prizmis maqsimaluri simaRle 36,5 m. mTliani moculoba _ 203.0 milioni m3, sasargeblo moculoba _ 193.0 milioni m3,

wylis sarkis farTobi _ 7.6 km2.

wyalsacavis daniSnulebaa md.mtkvaris energetikuli potencialis nawilobriv akumulireba da sezonuri regulireba. xasiaTdeba Semdegi maCveneblebiT:

wyalSemkrebi farTi _ 92.5 km2;

wliuri Camonadeni mravalwliuri dakvirvebaTa rigidan (50%-uzrunvelyofa 1979w.) – 31,5+177.5=203.0 mln.m3;

saSualo mravalwliuri xarji–1.0m3/wm

md.mtkvridan (xerTvisis wyalsacavidan) atumbuli wylis saSualo wliuri xarji-5,62 m3/wm;

sasargeblo moculobis fardoba wliur CamonadenTan _ 0.94

Camonadenis gamoyenebis koficienti _ 0.94 wyalsacavis normaluri Setborvis done 1826.5 m uzrunvelyofilia 6 Tvis ganmavlobaSi (gazafxuli, zafxuli da Semodgomis TveebSi). weliwadis danarCeni drois ganmavlobaSi wyalsacavi muSavdeba da ivseba hesis menejmentis mixedviT.



75

nialas wyalsacavis gavrcelebis farglebSi, agara-karzameTis plato agebulia me-oTxeuli tbiuri qanebiT, romelTa qveS moqceulia meoTxeuli lavebi da es ukanaskneli ki, faravs goderZis wyebas, romlis simZlavre 500-700 m-ia.

wyalsacavSi Semosuli myari natanis raodenoba imdenad umniSvneloa, rom misi mxedvelobaSi miReba mizanSewonilad ar migvaCnia.

wyalsacavis mowyobisaTvis saWiroa 768.0 ha miwis farTobi. datborvis qveS moy-olili miwis farTobebi ar gamoiyeneba agraluri kulturebisaTvis. isini war-moadgenen mxolod sezonur saZovrebs. datborvis qveS mohyveba ZiriTadad se-zonuri saZovrebi 637 ha (83%) da sxva arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebisANmi-webi _ 131 ha (17%).

wyalsacavis mowyobis Sedegad datbotvis zonaSi xvdeba momTabare mecxoveleobis droebiTi sadgomi da sazRvris dacvis departamentis nialas seqtoris adminis-traciuli Senoba. romelic eqvemdebareba gadatanas. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom zemoaRniSnuli nagebobebi amortizirebulia da isedac moiTxovs ganaxlebas.

wyalsacavis tevrSi gaTvaliwinebulia teritoriis gawmenda buCqnarisagan.

kaSxlebi

qvanayari kaSxali

a. aRwera

md.mtkvarze olodis monasteridan 0.8 km maZilze mdinaris dinebis sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT aigeba xerTvisis kaSxali. kaSxlis saerTo simaRle 86.5m-ia, kaSxlis sigrZe Txemze 325.0 m-ia. xolo Txemis sigane - 12,0 m –ia. kaSxlis gu-li Tixisaganaa agebuli, xolo garedamcavi nawili mdinaris kalapotidan amoRebuli inertuli masalisagan.

wylis dawnevis mxares kaSxlis prizma, romelic wylis donis cvalebadobas gan-icdis, daculia 3,0×1,5×0,2 m zomis rkinabetonis filebiT.

kaSxlis safuZveli gamdinare wylis nawilSi agebulia tuforeqCiebiT da tufebiT, iSviaTad gvxvdeba morenuli genezisis lodebi, aluviuri naleqebis sim-Zlavre 1.0 m-is farglebSi meryeobs. kldovani grunti zedapirze gamofituli da

dislocirebulia. misi ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebia: deformaciis moduli E=1000-

3000 mpa; Siga xaxunis kuTxe tgφ=0,6-0,7; droebiTi winaRoba kumSvaze R=50-80; SeWiduloba C=0,2-0,3 mpa.

fitraciis sawinaarmdegod, rogorc zemoT avRniSneT proeqti iTvaliwinebs kaSxlis gulis mowyoba Tixisagan. gulis ferdebis qanobia 1:0,2. mdinaris kala-potis farglebSi 1-2 m-is simZlavris aluviuri naleqebis SeWriT Tixis guli aRwevs ZiriTad qanamde da erwymis mas 13m sisqis betonis sacobiT. xolo kaSxlis ferdis gaswvriv misi Serwyma safuZvelTan xorcieldeba 1.2 m sisqis betonis filis meSveobiT. gulis konturis gaswvriv gaTvaliwinebulia orrigiani siRr-muli filtraciis sawinaaRmdego fardis mowyobas.

proeqti iTvaliswinebs perimetruli sacementacio galeriis mowyobas, romelic agreTve gankuTvnilia Sig dadgmuli sakontrolo xelsawyoebisaTvis, eqsplu-ataciis periodSi dakvirvebebis sawarmoeblad.



76

md.ardaganze sof.nialadan 2,5 km manZilze niala-miraSxanis saavtomobilo gzis mimarTulebiT aigeba nialas #1 ZiriTadi kaSxali, xolo #2 mcire simaRlis ki, wyalsacavis marjvena napirze ZiriTadi kaSxlis RerZidan 2.6 km manZilze. #1 kaSxlis saerTo simaRle 50.5m-ia, kaSxlis sigrZe Txemze 1097.0 m-ia. xolo Txe-mis sigane - 12,0 m –ia. #2 kaSxlis simaRle 14.0 m-ia kaSlis sigrZe Txemze 318.0 m.xolo Txemis sigane 6.0 m. kaSxlis guli Tixisaganaa agebuli, xolo garedamcavi nawili mdinaris kalapotidan amoRebuli inertuli masalisagan.

wylis dawnevis mxares kaSxlis prizma, romelic wylis donis cvalebadobas gan-icdis, daculia 3,0×1,5×0,5 m zomis rkinabetonis filebiT.

kaSxlis safuZvels fonduri masalebze dayrdnobiT warmoadgens tbiuri naleqebi.

misi ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebia: deformaciis moduli E=20-25 mpa; Siga xaxunis

kuTxe φ=15º; droebiTi winaRoba kumSvaze R=0.20-0.30 n/sm2; SeWiduloba C=0,3-0,4 mpa.

fitraciis sawinaaRmdegod, rogorc zemoT avRniSneT proeqti iTvaliwinebs kaSxlis gulis mowyobas Tixisagan. gulis ferdebis qanobia 1:0,2. mdinaris kala-potis farglebSi tbiuri naleqebis SeWriT Tixis guli aRwevs ZiriTad qanamde da erwymis mas #1 kaSxlisTvis 13.0 m sisqis betonis sacobiT xolo #2-saTvis ki 8.0m. xolo kaSxlis ferdis gaswvriv misi Serwyma safuZvelTan xorcieldeba 1.2m sisqis betonis filis meSveobiT. gulis konturis gaswvriv gaTvaliwinebulia orrigiani siRrmuli filtraciis sawinaaRmdego fardis mowyoba.

proeqti iTvaliswinebs perimetruli sacementacio galeriis mowyobas, romelic agreTve gankuTvnilia Sig dadgmuli sakontrolo xelsawyoebisaTvis, eqsplu-ataciis periodSi dakvirvebebis sawarmoeblad.

betonis kaSxali

a. aRwera

aspinZa hesis saTave nagebobis SemadgenlobaSi gaTvaliswinebulia betonis kaSxali, romlis dizaini iTvaliswinebs Semdeg faqtorebs:

gansakuTrebul geologiur pirobebs (monacemi mopovebulia 10.09.2009);

xeobis moyvanilobas da qanebis zedapirs;

wyaldidobis xarjs da natanis maCvenebelebs. am faqtorebze dayrdnobiT, betonis dabalzRurbliani kaSxali yvelaze misaReb alternativad unda miviCnioT. kaSxlis simaRle Seadgens 10.0 m.

sadawneo gvirabis wyalmimRebi

a. aRwera

wyalmimRebi qmnis Semosasvlels gvirabisTvis da integrirebuli iqneba betonis kaSxalTan (qveda sqemaSi) an ganTavsebuli iqneba rezervuaris ganapiras kaSxlis midamoebSi.

wyalmimRebi aRWurvili iqneba nagavdamWeri gisosiT, saremonto fariT, avariuli

saketiT da portaluri amweebiT. gaTvaliwinebulia misasvleli saavtomobilo gzis mowyoba.




77

dinebis siCqare gisosebs Soris: 1.0 m/wm.

sadawneo gvirabi

a. aRwera

gvirabebs jamuri sigrZiT 34.4 km eqneba betonis safari.


stabiluri modinebis siCqare: 3.0 m/wm

xorklianoba (simqisis koeficientis Sebrunebuli sidide): 80

gamTanabrebeli rezervuari

gamTanabrebeli rezervuari moTavsebulia mimyvani gvirabis bolos da sadawneo wy-alsataris Tavze, imisaTvis, rom raime saxis zegavlena gvirabSi gamaval wylis nakadze modinebis cvlilebasTan erTad aRmoifxvras. gamTanabrebeli rezervuarebi savaraudod ormagi rezervuaris funqcias unda asrulebdes, romlSic gaT-valiswinebuli iqneba ukudinebis regulatori.

sadawneo wyalsatari

a. aRwera

sadawneo wyalsatari daxrilia 52-900-iT, sigrZe Sesabamisad 200-820m. mokle horizontaluri sadaneo gvirabi (daaxloebiT 100.0m) iqneba miwisqveSa hesis Se-nobaSi Sesvlamde gayofili samad da Semdeg uerTdeba turbinebs.

Saxtis mSenebloba SesaZlebelia burRva-afeTqebis meTodiT an TBM-is saSu-alebiT. b. hidravlikuri dizaini modinebis siCqare SaxtaSi: 6.0m/wm xorklianoba (simqisis koeficientis Sebrunebuli sidide): 110

gamyvani gvirabi

yvela sqemaSi gaTvaliwinebulia miwisqveSa hesebis Senoba, frensisis turbinebiT. gamyvani gvirabebi iTvaliswinebs wylis gadatanas turbinebidan momdevno hesis rezervuarSi an md. mtkvarSi.

xorklianoba (simqisis koeficientis Sebrunebuli sidide): 80 (betonis safari)

gamosasvleli zRurbli

gamyvani gvirabis gamosasvleli ubani mowyobilia energiis CaqrobisaTvis da aR-Wurvilia Sandoruli fariT.

hesis Senobis tipis SerCeva da dizaini

arsebuli teritoriis simciridan, rTuli reliefurobidan, usafrTxoebidan da garemos dacvis pirobebidan gamomdinare, mizanSewonilad iqna miRebuli hesis Se-noba gangveTavsebina miwisqveS. TviToeuli hesis Senoba Sedgeba ori nawilisagan:



78

ZiriTadi nawili: sadac ganTavsebulia mTavari generaciis danadgarebi, amwe meqanizmi, mTavari SemSvebi klapnebi, sadispeCero, damxmare saTavsoebi, rogoricaa saakumulatoro, gaTbobisa da ventilaciis, SekumSuli haeris, sanitaruli oTaxi da sxva;

calke saTavso: transformatorisTvis da gazis amomrTvelebiani ga-manawilebli mowyobilobisTvis. transformatorebis calke ganTvasebiT, Semcirebuli iqneba xanZris riskebi da aseve garantirebuli iqneba momsax-ure personalis usafrTxoeba.

iqidan gamomdinare, rom detaluri geologiuri monacemebi am etapisTvis ar arsebobs, miwisqveSa Senobis SerCevisas gaTvalisiwnebuli iqna Semdegi faqtorebi:

niSnuli SerCeuli iqna savaraudo dawnevis maqsimalurad gamoyenebisaTvis da aseve Semcirebuli iqna datborvis riski;

SerCeuli adgili minimumamde amcirebs Sesasvleli da sakabelo gvirabis sigrZes;

orientiri gakeTda optimalur hidravlikur pirobebze. unda aRiniSnos, rom adgilmdebareoba SesaZlebelia Seicvalos proeqtis Seswavlis Semdgom etapze, rodesac moxdeba geologiuri da samSeneblo moednis geoteqnikuri mgomareobis dazusteba. torkret-betonis sisqed aRebulia 0.4 m; saankero WanWiki ganTavsebuli iqneba geologiuri pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. gamoqvabulis Weri Sesrulebuli iqneba rkina betonisagan. filtraciuli wylis mocilebis mizniT TaRovan gadaxurvas ukeTdeba filtraciis sawinaaRmdego cementacia, xolo hesis Senobis irgvliv gaTvaliwinebuli iqneba sadrenaJo galeriis mowyoba sadrenaJo burRilebiT. ventilacia da ganaTeba CamontaJebuli iqneba WerSi.

avariis SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliwinebulia sarezervo wyaroTi eleqtro energiiT momarageba dizel-generatoris mowyobiT.

hesis amwe meqanizmis mdgradoba uzrunvelyofili iqneba rkinabetonis TaRze da-kidebuli konsolebiT da amwqveSa koWebiT.

muSa Tvlebisa da SemSvebi sarqvelebis montaJisa da demontaJisaTvis gaT-valiswinebulia specialuri xvrelebis mowyoba iatakSi, raTa moxdes maTi gada-adgileba amwes meSveobiT samontaJo moedanze.

transformatoridan gamyvani kabelebis gasatareblad gaTvaliwinebulia sakabelo-saventilacio Saxtebi, romlebic aRWurvilia kibeebiT da liftebiT.

danadgarebis montaJis mizniT samanqano darbazSi mowyobilia ZiriTadi xidura amwe da damxmare amwe tvirTamweobiT 200/30t.



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4.3 xerTvisi hesi

4.3.1 rezervuari da qvanayari kaSxali

obieqtis pirobebi

xerTvisi hesi mdebareobs mdinare mtkvarze.

misi saTve kvanZis wyalsacavis kaSxali mdebareobs olodis monasteridan 0.8 km manZilze mdinare mtkvris dinebis sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT.

mdinaris gayolebaze xevis kalTebi sakmaod cicaboa, marcxena mxares 20-45 gra-dusi da marjvena mxare 25-50 gradusi daxrilobiT. mdinaris kalapoti 150-510 m siganisaa da mdinaris fskeri 0.03%-iani daxrilobiT gamoirCeva.

rezervuarSi natanis raodenoba weliwadSi 71300m3. 50 weliwadSi saerTo natanis raodenoba iqneba 3.57 milioni m3, rac saerTo moculobis TiTqmis 2.8%-ia.

iqidan gamomdinare, rom ar moipoveba detaluri geologiuri analizi, es masala ar iTvleba sakmarisad da eqvemdebareba Semdgom Seswavlas fizibiliTis stadiaSi. detaluri hidrologia SegiZliaT ixiloT danarTSi.

naxazebi

cxrili 4.3. Sesabamisi naxazebi

danarTi naxazis nomeri naxazis saTauri

danarTi C R-2009-006 rezervuaris gegma

danarTi C R-2009-007 rezervuaris grZivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-010 rezervuaris ganivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-011 saTave nagebobebis gegma

danarTi C R-2009-012 kaSxlis ganivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-013 kaSxlis grZivi Wrili

kaSxlisa da rezervuaris ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi

es monacemebi asaxavs mxolod arsebul amJamindel informaciaze dayrdnobiT miRebul Sedegebs xerTvisis hesisTvis.

cxrili 4.4 xerTvisi hesis monacemebi



80

kaSxlis adgili:

mdinaris daxriloba

kaSxlis adgilze xeobis Ziris done

nominaluri wliuri modineba kaSxlis adgilze

md.mtkvari, olodis monasteridan

0.8km-iT zemoT.

i=0.03

1284.5m

30.3m3/wm

kaSxali:

kaSxlis tipi

rezervuaris sruli moculoba nominaluri Setborvis dros

sasargeblo moculoba

gamouyenebeli wylis maragi

kaSxlis tanis sruli moculoba

simaRle

normaluri Setborvis done

minimaluri Setborvis done

kaSxlis qimis niSmuli

maqsimaluri wylis done (forsirebuli)

qvanayari

129.0mln.m3

123.2 mln.m3

5.8 mln.m3

3700.0 aTasi m3

86.5 m

1368.0 m

1305.0 m

1371.0 m

1370.0 m

derivacia:

derivaciis tipi

konstruqciis datborva

derivaciuli gvirabis diametri

derivaciuli gvirabis sigrZe

dawneviTi

mTliani

4.2 m

19400.0 m

wyalsagdebi:

wyalsagdebis tipi

konstruqciis datborva (yovel 10 000 welSi)

saketebis raodenoba

siRrmuli da zedapiruli

erTjer

2

rezervuari

rezervuaris adgilmdebareobis da moculobis gaTvlebi emyareba naxaz R-2009-006;

R-2009-007; R-2009-010.

zomebis da moculobis dasaangariSeblad gamoyenebulia formula.

qvemoT moyvanili grafiki gviCvenebs damokidebulebas wyalsacavis moculobas, zeda biefis niSnulsa da zedapiris farTobebebs Soris.



81

naxazi 4.1 xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavis moculobisa da zedapiris farTobis

damokidebuleba Setborvis donesTan

kaSxlis dizaini iTvaliswinebs Semdeg faqtorebs:

geologiur pirobebs (monacemi mopovebulia 10.03.2009);

xeobis moyvanilobas (U-s magvari) da qanebis zedapirs;

wyaldidobis xarjs da natanis maCvenebelebs.

am faqtebze dayrdnobiT, betoniT mopirkeTebuli kaSxali yvelaze misaReb alternativad unda miviCnioT. is kriteriumebi, romelTa meSveobiTac mivediT am gadawyvetilebamde da aseve sxva kaSxlis tipebTan Sedarebis Sedegebi naCvenebia qveviT moyvanil cxrilSi.

kaSxlis qimis doneze 1371.0 m niSnulze manZili ZiriTad sayrden ferdebs Soris aris 325.0m. kveTis moyvaniloba SegiZliaT ixiloT naxazze.

xerTvisis kaSxali aSendeba ZiriTadad md. mtkvris kalapotidan, amoRebuli adgilobrivi masalis gamoyenebiT.

qvanayari kaSxali

naxazi 4.2 qvanayari kaSxlis ganivi Wrili



82

naxazi 4.3 qvanayari kaSxlis grZivi Wrili

mdinaris gadagdeba samSeneblo gvirabiT da zRudari

mSeneblobisas gaTvaliswinebulia samSeneblo gvirabis mowyoba kaSlis teritoriis marjvena mxares. gvirabis sigrZea 610 m, daxriloba 0.35% da Sida diametri 8.0 m. ganiv kveTSi gvirabi mrgvali moyvenilobisaa. gvirabis dasawyisi moewyoba 1286.0 niSnulze da misi dasasruli iqneba 1283.0 niSnulze. imisaTvis rom, proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli samSeneblo gvirabi iyos hidravlikurad efeqtiani da aseve, rom davicvaT kedlebi da Ziri swrafi cveTisagan mdinaris wylisagan, saWiroa misi betoniT mopirkeTeba mTels sigrZeze. samSeneblo gvirabi gaTvlilia 1-jer 33 weliwadSi ganmeorebadobis wyaldidobis xarjze.

zRudari

kaSxlis zeda da qveda biefSi gaTvaliwinebulia mSeneblobis periodSi wylis mimarTva samSeneblo gvirabSi ise, rom ar moxdes samSeneblo moednis dazianeba.



83

zeda zRudaris qimis niSnulia 1296 m, xolo qvedas 1293 m da gaaCnia daxriloba zeda zRudaris zeda ferdis 1:2 da qveda ferdis 1:1.5, qveda zRudaris zeda ferdis 1:1.5 da qveda ferdis 1:1.2. zRudarSi gaJonvis sawinaaRmdegod da kontrolisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulia tanSi Tixis gulis mowyoba. aseve saWiroa sadrenaJo kveTis mowyoba zRudaris qveviT, raTa moxdes gaJonvis Tavidan acileba aluviuri fenidan saZirkvelSi. safuZvliani Seswavlis etapze gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba Spunturi gadaRobvis mowyoba, raTa ufro metad gakontroldes gaJonvis SesaZlebelobebi. xolo fizibiliTis doneze moxdeba gacilebiT detaluri geologiuri da geoteqnikuri Seswavla.

mas Semdeg, roca dasruldeba xerTvisis kaSxlis mSenebloba, gvirabi gadaketili iqneba siRrmuli brtyeli saketiT zeda biefis mxares da mudmivad mierTebuli iqneba betoniT filtraciis sawinaaRmdego fardaze. zeda da qveda biefis zRudarebi unda iqnes mocilebuli wyalsacavis Setborvis dawyebis momentamde.

4.3.2 wyalmimRebi

damoukidebeli wyalmimRebi ganTavsebulia rezervuaris marcxena nawilSi kaSlis RerZidan zeda biefis mxares 185m moSorebiT, romlis zRurblis niSnulia 1300.0m. Semavali nawilis sigane aris 5.0m da simaRle 7.0m da aRWurvilia

gisosebiT ixileT naxazi R-57290-014.

gaTvaliwinebuli iqneba miwisqveSa saventilacio kamera. igi mdebareobs qveda welSi da moicavs Semdeg elementebs:

Sandoruli fari

avtomaturi saketi

mas Semdeg rac wylis nakadi gadakveTs daSvebul zRvars, avtomaturma saketma unda SeZlos am nakadis SeCereba eletqro energiis miwodebis gareSe.

naxazi 4.4 wyalmimRebi



84

4.3.3 sadawneo sistema

sadawneo gvirabi

ZiriTadi teqnikuri maCveneblebi:

sigrZe: 19.4km Sida diametri: 4.2m safari: betonis

gvirabi mdebareobs md. mtkvris xeobis dasavleTiT. maqsimaluri CaRrmaveba 860.0m. gvirabi gadis md. ardaganis da tiSli-kaSlis Senakadis xeobis qvemoT, minimaluri CaRrmaveba aris 80m. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 0,8 mpa.

naxazi 4.5 sadawneo gvirabis grZivi Wrilebi



85

sadawneo wyalsatari

ZiriTadi teqnikuri monacemebi:

sigrZe: 200.0m Sida diametri: 2.5m safari: liToni

sadawneo wyalsatari daxriloba iqneba 90 gradusi, CaRrmaveba daaxloebiT 80m. es monacemi SesaZlebelia Seicvalos Semdgomi Seswavlis dros gamomdinare geologiuri pirobebidan. wyalsataris bolos mokle sadawneo gvirabis swori ubanis gagrZelebas warmoadgens koleqtoris ubani, romelsac gadaaqvs nakadi 3 turbinaSi. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 4.6mpa.



86

naxazi 4.6 vertikaluri sadawneo wyalsatari

gamyvani gvirabi, arxi da gamosasvleli


a. gvirabi

sigrZe: 248.0m gvirabis profili:L4/5 m (sigane/simaRle) safari: betoni

naxazi 4.7 gamyvani gvirabi

b. arxi



87

sigrZe: 155.0m gvirabis profili:L 4/5.5 m (sigane/simaRle) safari: betoni

qveda biefis koleqtori iRebs nakads 3 frensis turbinidan, mokle gamyvani gvirabiT da arxiT gadadis rezervuarSi.

gamosasvleli zRurblis niSnulia 1109.5m da aRWurvilia Sandoruli fariT.

4.3.4 hesis Senoba

ixile naxazebi R-2009-015; R-2009-016; R-2009-017;

eleqtroenergiis gamommuSavebeli danadgari SerCeulia statistikur monacemebze dayrdnobiT hidravlikuri danadgarebis Sedarebis safuZvelze. tipi da zoma danadgarisa dadginda imgvarad, rom moxdes misi SeTanwyoba saWiro kriteriumTan.

naxazi 4.8 miwiqveSa hesis Senoba

cxrili 4.5 danadgarebis ZiriTadi monacemebi



88

turbinis tipi frensisi, vertikaluri

danadgarebis raodenoba 3c

rotoris saSualo diametri 1.8 m

brunTa ricxvi 500 br/wT

danadgaris specifiuri gaqcevis siCqare, ns 32.4 br/wT

xarji TviToeul danadgarze 13.3 m3/wm

saSualo neto dawneva 225.0 m

nominaluri simZlavre TviToeul danadgarze 27.2 mvt

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis tipi segmenturi

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis diametri 1.4 m

generatoris tipi sinqronuli,samfaziani,

sixSiriT 50 herci

simZlavris gamoyenebis koeficienti 0.9

nominaluri Zabvis done 10.5kv

amwe meqanizmis maqsimaluri tvirTamweoba 180t

damatebiTi amwe meqanizmis tvirTamweoba 30t

tranformatoris tipi samfaziani

nominaluri simZlavre 63.0mva

Zabvis doneebi 10.5/220

SeerTebis jgufi samkuTxedi/varskvlavze

gamagrilebeli mowyobiloba wyliT

4.4 niala hmesi

4.4.1 rezume

niala hmesi 466.0m dawneviT, 1200 m derivaciiT karg SesaZleblobas qmnis saakumulacio sadgurisTvis. es proeqtis ganmxorcieleblebs miscems mogebas fasTan sxvaobis xarjze kviris/dRe-Ramis manZilze TurqeTis bazarze da Semdgom etapze samomavlod saqarTvelos bazarzec.



89

4.4.2 rezervuari da qvanayari kaSxali

obieqtis pirobebi

niala hmesi mdebareobs mdinare ardaganze.

misi saTve kvanZis wyalsacavis ZiriTadi #1 kaSxali mdebareobs sofel nialadan 2.5 md. ardaganze, xolo kaSxali #2 wyalsacavis marjvena sanapiroze #1 kaSxlis RerZidan 2.6 km manZilze.

nialas veli sakmaod gaSlilia, tafobis ferdebis daxriloba Seadgens 15-25 gra-duss. mdinaris kalapoti 3-4 m siganisaa da mdinaris fskeris qanobi mkveTrad cvalebadia 0.003-0.1 %.

rezervuarSi natanis raodenoba umniSvneloa da mxedvelobaSi ar miiReba.

iqidan gamomdinare, rom ar moipoveba detaluri geologiuri analizi, es masala ar iTvleba sakmarisad da eqvemdebareba Semdgom Seswavlas fizibiliTis stadiaSi.

detaluri hidrologia SegiZliaT ixiloT danarTSi A.

naxazebi

cxrili 4.6 Sesabamisi naxazebi:


danarTi C R-2009-008 rezervuaris gegma

danarTi C R-2009-009 rezervuaris ganivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-010 rezervuaris grZivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-018 saTave nagebobebis gegma

danarTi C R-2009-019 derivaciis grZivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-020 saTave nagebobebis gegma kaSxali #1

danarTi C R-2009-021 kaSxali #1 ganivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-022 kaSxlis #1 grZivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-023 saTave nagebobebis gegma kaSxali #2

danarTi C R-2009-024 kaSxali #2 ganivi Wrili

danarTi C R-2009-025 kaSxlis #2 grZivi Wrili

kaSxlisa da rezervuaris ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi

es monacemebi asaxavs mxolod arsebul amJamindel informaciaze dayrdnobiT miRebul Sedegebs.

cxrili 4.7 niala hmesis monacemebi



90

kaSxlis adgili:

#1

#2

mdinaris daxriloba

kaSxlis adgilze xeobis Ziris done:

#1

#2

nominaluri wliuri modineba kaSxlis adgilze

qveda wyalsacavidan atumbuli wylis saSualo wliuri xarji

md. ardagani 2.5 km s. nialadan

2.6 km #1 kaSxalidan

i=0.03

1778.5 m

1815.0 m

1.0 m3/wm

1.03 m3/wm

kaSxali:

kaSxlis tipi

rezervuaris sruli moculoba nominaluri Setborvis dros

sasargeblo moculoba

gamouyenebeli wylis maragi

kaSxlis tanis sruli moculoba:

#1

#2

simaRle:

#1

#2


minimaluri Setborvis done


maqsimaluri wylis done (forsirebuli)

qvanayari

203.0mln.m3

193.0 mln.m3

13.0 mln.m3

5650.0 aTasi m3

125 aTasi m3

50.5 m

14.0m

1826.5.0 m

1790.0 m

1829.0 m

1828.0 m

derivacia:

derivaciis tipi


derivaciuli gvirabis diametri

derivaciuli gvirabis sigrZe

dawneviTi

mTliani

2.5 m

2560.0 m

wyalsagdebi:

wyalsagdebis tipi


siRrmuli da zedapiruli

erTjer



91

saketebis raodenoba 2

rezervuari

rezervuaris adgilmdebareobis da moculobis gaTvlebi emyareba naxaz R-2009-008;

R-2009-009; R-2009-010.

zomebis da moculobis dasaangariSeblad gamoyenebulia formula.

qvemoT moyvanili grafiki gviCvenebs damokidebulebas wyalsacavis moculobas, zeda biefis niSnulsa da zedapiris farTobebebs Soris.



92

naxazi 4.9 niala hmesis wyalsacavis moculobisa da zedapiris farTobis

damokidebuleba Setborvis donesTan


geologiur pirobebs (monacemi mopovebulia 10.03.2009);

xeobis moyvanilobas (U-s magvari) da qanebis zedapirs;

wyaldidobis xarjs da natanis maCvenebelebs. am faqtebze dayrdnobiT, betoniT mopirkeTebuli kaSxali yvelaze misaReb alter-nativad unda miviCnioT. is kriteriumebi, romelTa meSveobiTac mivediT am gad-awyvetilebamde da aseve sxva kaSxlis tipebTan Sedarebis Sedegebi naCvenebia qveviT moyvanil cxrilSi. kaSxlis qimis doneze 1829.0 m niSnulze manZili ZiriTad sayrden ferdebs Soris aris 1097.0m. kveTis moyvaniloba SegiZliaT ixiloT naxazze. nialas kaSxlebi aSendeba ZiriTadad adgilobrivi masalis gamoyenebiT.



93

qvanayari kaSxali

naxazi 4.10 qvanayari kaSxlis #1 ganivi Wrili

naxazi 4.11 qvanayari kaSxlis #1 grZivi Wrili

qvanayari kaSxlis #2 ganivi Wrili



94

qvanayari kaSxlis #2 grZivi Wrili

mdinaris gadagdeba samSeneblo gvirabiT da zRudari

mSeneblobisas gaTvaliswinebulia samSeneblo gvirabis mowyoba kaSlis terito-riis marjvena mxares. gvirabis sigrZea 607.0 m, daxriloba 0.35% da Sida dia-metri 4.0 m. ganiv kveTSi gvirabi mrgvali moyvenilobisaa. gvirabis dasawyisi moewyoba 1783.0 niSnulze da misi dasasruli iqneba 1775.0 niSnulze. imisaTvis rom, proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli samSeneblo gvirabi iyos hidravlikurad efeqtiani da aseve, rom davicvaT kedlebi da Ziri swrafi cveTisagan mdinaris wylisagan, saWiroa misi betoniT mopirkeTeba mTels sigrZeze. samSeneblo gvirabi gaTvlilia 1 jer 33 weliwadSi ganmeorebadobis wyaldidobis xarjze.

zRudari

kaSxlis zeda da qveda biefSi gaTvaliwinebulia mSeneblobis periodSi wylis mimarTva samSeneblo gvirabSi ise, rom ar moxdes samSeneblo moednis dazianeba. zeda zRudaris qimis niSnulia 1790 m, xolo qvedas 1788 m da gaaCnia daxriloba zeda zRudaris zeda ferdis 1:2 da qveda ferdis 1:1.5, qveda zRudaris zeda fer-dis 1:1.5 da qveda ferdis 1:1.2. zRudarSi gaJonvis sawinaaRmdegod da kontroli-saTvis gaTvaliswinebulia tanSi Tixis gulis mowyoba. aseve saWiroa sadrenaJo kveTis mowyoba zRudaris qveviT, raTa moxdes gaJonvis Tavidan acileba aluviuri fenidan saZirkvelSi. safuZvliani Seswavlis etapze gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba Spunturi gadaRobvis mowyoba, raTa ufro metad gakontroldes gaJonvis Sesa-Zlebelobebi. xolo fizibiliTis doneze moxdeba gacilebiT detaluri geologi-uri da geoteqnikuri Seswavla.

mas Semdeg, roca dasruldeba nialas kaSxlis mSenebloba, gvirabi gadaketili iqneba siRrmuli brtyeli saketiT zeda biefis mxares da mudmivad mierTebuli iqneba betoniT filtraciis sawinaaRmdego fardaze. zeda da qveda biefis zRudarebi unda iqnes mocilebuli wyalsacavis Setborvis dawyebis momentamde.



95

4.4.3 nagebobebi md. karzameTiswyalidan nialas wyalsacavamde

saTave nagebobis adgilmdebareobis da moculobis gaTvalebi emyareba naxaz R-

2009-026

wyalmimRebi

wyalmimRebi Sedgeba centraluri tirolis tipis mimRebisagan 20 gradusiani

daxrilobis gisosebiT (zomiT L/W=8/1.2m), romlis meSveobiTac xdeba wylis nakadis gadatana sworkuTxa arxSi da saleqarSi. sakontrolo rabiT xdeba wylis dinebis regulireba.

naxazi 4.12 tirolis tipis wyalmimRebis ganivi Wrili

naxazi 4.13 tirolis tipis wyalmimRebis grZivi Wrili



96

saleqari

saleqari Sedgeba 26.0m sigrZis, 4.5m siganis da 1.0m siRrmis ori kamerisagan, avtomatizirebuli gamrecxiT. misi dizaini gaTvlilia minimaluri granulis zomaze 0.2sm-ze.

eleqtro energiis miwodeba moxdeba kabelis meSveobiT, romelic ganTavsebuli iqneba derivaciul gvirabSi.

naxazi 4.14 saleqari

4.4.4 mimyvani konstruqciebi

mimyvani milsadeni da arxi

a. milsadeni

sigrZe: 2.25km

Sida diametri: 0.4m

safari: rkinis

2.25km sigrZis milis kveTis diametria 0.4m da daxriloba ~15%. gamtarunariano-ba 0.35m3/wm.

naxazi 4.15 mimyvani milis ganivi Wrili

b. arxi

sigrZe: 3.5km

kveTi: 1.5×1.5m

safari: betonis

3.5km sigrZis arxi kveTis 1.5×1.5m da daxriloba ~15%. gamtarunarianoba 0.35m3/wm.



97

naxazi 4.16 mimyvani arxis ganivi Wrili

4.4.5 wyalmimRebi

damoukidebeli wyalmimRebi ganTavsebulia rezervuaris #2 kaSxalis marjvena mxares kaSxlis RerZidan 570m moSorebiT, romlis zRurblis niSnulia 1786.0m. Semavali nawilis sigane aris 4.0m da simaRle 5.0m da aRWurvilia gisosebiT

ixileT naxazi R-2009-019.

gaTvaliwinebuli iqneba miwisqveSa saketebis kamera. igi mdebareobs qveda welSi da moicavs Semdeg elementebs:

Sandoruli fari

avtomaturi saketi mas Semdeg rac wylis nakadi gadakveTs daSvebul zRvars, avtomaturma saketma unda SeZlos am nakadis SeCereba eletqro energiis miwodebis gareSe.

naxazi 4.17 saketebis Saxti



98

sadawneo gvirabi


sigrZe: 2.56km Sida diametri: 2.5m safari: betoni liTonis mopirkeTebiT

gvirabi mdebareobs #2 kaSxali samxreTiT. maqsimaluri CaRrmaveba 76.0m. minimaluri CaRrmaveba aris 18.0m. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 0,5 mpa.

naxazi 4.18 sadawneo gvirabis grZivi Wrilebi

sadawneo wyalsatari


sigrZe: 820.0m Sida diametri: 2.5m safari: betoni liTonis mopirkeTebiT

sadawneo wyalsatari daxriloba iqneba 52 gradusi, CaRrmaveba daaxloebiT 480.0m. es monacemi SesaZlebelia Seicvalos Semdgomi Seswavlis dros gamomdinare geologiuri pirobebidan. wyalsataris bolos mokle sadawneo gvirabis swori



99

ubnis gagrZelebas warmoadgens koleqtoris ubani, romelsac gadaaqvs nakadi 3 turbinaSi. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 5.4 mpa.

naxazi 4.19 daxrili sadawneo wyalsatari

gamyvani gvirabi da gamosasvleli


sigrZe: 1285.0 m diametri 2.5 m safari: betoni

qveda biefis koleqtori iRebs nakads 3 frensis turbinidan, mokle gamyvani gvirabiT ki gadadis xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavSi.

naxazi 4.20 gamyvani gvirabi da gamosasvleli


4.4.6 hesis Senoba

naxazi 4.21 miwiqveSa hesis Senoba



100

cxrili 4.8 danadgarebis ZiriTadi monacemebi




brunTa ricxvi 100/500 br/wT

danadgaris specifiuri gaqcevis siCqare, ns 32.1 br/wT

xarji TviToeul danadgarze 5.8/4.5 m3/wm

saSualo neto dawneva 478.0/466.0m

nominaluri simZlavre TviToeul danadgarze 30.0/27.3 mvt

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis tipi sferuli

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis diametri 1.31 m


sixSiriT 50 herci


nominaluri Zabvis done 10.5 kv

amwe meqanizmis maqsimaluri tvirTamweoba 180 t

damatebiTi amwe meqanizmis tvirTamweoba 30 t


nominaluri simZlavre 63.0 mva






101

4.5 aspinZa hesi

4.5.1 mimoxilva

aspinZa hesi mdebareobs mdinare mtkvarze.

saTave kvanZis kaSxali mdebareobs 1.7 km-iT qveviT s. toloSidan.

mdinaris gayolebaze xevi gaSlilia, marcxena mxares 10-40 gradusi da marjvena mxare 10-45 gradusi daxrilobiT. mdinaris kalapoti 120.0m siganisaa da mdinaris fskeri 0.027%-iani daxrilobiT gamoirCeva.

natanis raodenoba 73800 m3-ia weliwadSi. 50 weliwadSi saerTo natanis raodeno-ba iqneba 3.7 mil. m3.

iqidan gamomdinare, rom ar moipoveba detaluri geologiuri analizi, es Seswavla ar iTvleba sakmarisad da eqvemdebareba Semdgom dazustebas fizibil-

iTis stadiaSi. detaluri hidrologia SegiZliaT ixiloT danarTSi A.

naxazebi

cxrili 4.9 Sesabamisi naxazebi:


danarTi C R-2009-027 saTave nagebobebis gegma da Wrilebi

kaSxlis ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi

cxrili 4.10 aspinZa hesis kaSxlis monacemebi

kaSxlis adgili:

mdinaris daxriloba

kaSxlis adgilze xeobis Ziris done

saSualo wliuri modineba kaSxlis adgilze

md. mtkvari, 1.7 km sof. toloSidan

i=0.027

1103.0 m

53.3 m3/wm

kaSxali:

kaSxlis tipi

sruli simaRle



maqsimaluri Setborvis done

dabalzRurbliani, betonis wyalsaSviani

10.0 m

1113.0 m

1113.0 m

1114.0 m

derivacia:

derivaciis tipi


dawneviTi

mTliani



102

derivaciuli gvirabis zomebi

derivaciuli gvirabi sigrZe

5.5 m

12400.0 m

wyalsagdebi:

wyalsagdebis tipi


saketebis raodenoba gamrecxze

zedapiruli kaSxlis qimze

erTjer

1


gansakuTrebul geologiur pirobebs (monacemi mopovebulia 10.09.2008);

xeobis moyvanilobas da qanebis zedapirs;

wyaldidobis xarjs da natanis maCvenebelebs.

am faqtebze dayrdnobiT, betonis dabalzRurbliani kaSxali yvelaze misaReb al-ternativad unda miviCnioT. is kriteriumebi, romelTa meSveobiTac mivediT am gadawyvetilebamde da aseve sxva kaSxlis tipebTan Sedarebis Sedegebi naCvenebia zeviT moyvanil cxrilSi.

kaSxlis qimis doneze 1113.0 m niSnulze manZili ZiriTad sayrdens Soris aris 80.0 m. kedlis moyvaniloba SegiZliaT ixiloT naxazze.

aspinZa kaSxali aSendeba ZiriTadad md. mtkvaris kalapotidan amoRebuli adgilo-brivi saamSeneblo masalis gamoyenebiT.



103

betonis kaSxali

naxazi 4.22 betonis kaSxali

wyalmimRebi

damoukidebeli wyalmimRebi ganTavsebulia kaSxlis marcxena mxares, romlis zRurblis niSnulia 1105.0 m. Semavali nawili or ujrediania, TiToeulis sigane 4.0 m-ia, simaRle 8.0m m da aRWurvilia gisosebiT.

gaTvaliwinebuli iqneba miwisqveSa saketebis kamera, romelic mdebareobs qveda biefSi da moicavs Semdeg elementebs:

Sandoruli fari

avtomaturi saketi mas Semdeg rac wylis nakadi gadakveTs daSvebul zRvars, avtomaturma saketma unda SeZlos am nakadis SeCereba eletqro energiis miwodebis gareSe.

naxazi 4.23 sadawneo gvirabis wyalmimRebi



104

4.5.2 sadawneo sistema

sadawneo gvirabi


sigrZe: 12.4km Sida diametri: 5.5m safari: betonis

gvirabi mdebareobs md. mtkvris aRmosavnleT nawilSi. maqsimaluri CaRrmaveba 618.0m. gvirabis minimaluri CaRrmavebaa 220.0m. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 1.2mpa.

naxazi 4.24 sadawneo gvirabis ganivi Wrili

sadawneo Saxta


sigrZe: 220.0 m Sida diametri: 3.5 m safari: liToni

sadawneo milsadenis daxriloba iqneba 55 gradusi, CaRrmaveba 56.0m. milsadenis bolos mokle sadawneo gvirabs mosdevs koleqtori, romelsac gadaaqvs nakadi 3 turbinaSi. maqsimaluri statikuri dawnevaa 1.2 mpa.



105

naxazi 4.25 daxrili sadawneo Saxta

gamyvani gvirabi da gamosasvleli


sigrZe: 345.0 m gvirabis profili 5/6 m (sigane/simaRle) safari: betoni

qveda biefis koleqtori iRebs nakads 3 frensis turbinidan, mokle gamyvani gvirabiT ki gadadis md.mtkvarSi.

naxazi 4.26 gamyvani gvirabis ganivi Wrili


4.5.3 hesis Senoba

Sesabamisi naxazebi: R-2009-028, R-2009-029, R-2009-030



106

eleqtroenergiis gamommuSavebeli danadgari SerCeulia statistikur monacemebze dayrdnobiT hidravlikur danadgarTan Sedarebis safuZvelze. tipi da zoma danadgarisa dadginda imgvarad, rom moxdes misi SeTanwyoba saWiro kriteriumTan.

naxazi 4.27 hesis Senoba

cxrili 4.11 ZiriTadi danadgarebis maCveneblebi




brunTa ricxvi 428 br/wT

danadgaris specifiuri gaqcevis siCqare, ns ~68.6 br/wT

xarji TviToeul danadgarze 22.33 m3/wm

saSualo neto dawneva 91.2m

nominaluri simZlavre TviToeul danadgarze 18.4 mvt

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis tipi segmenturi

ZiriTadi wyalsataris saketis diametri 1.7m


sixSiriT 50 herci


nominaluri Zabvis done 10.5kv

amwe meqanizmis maqsimaluri tvirTamweoba 180t



107

damatebiTi amwe meqanizmis tvirTamweoba 30t


nominaluri simZlavre 63.0mva




ZiriTadi teqnikuri parametrebi:

samSeneblo periodi: 4 weli muSaxelis waodenoba: 1850 kaci muSaxeli mSeneblobisa da montaJis periodSi: 36060 kaci weliwadSi.



108

4.6 samuSaoTa gansazRvra

hesis dasaxe-leba

# nagebobis dasaxeleba

ZiriTadi samuSaoebi

miwis samuSao- ebi, m3

qvayrili da Tixa,

m3

betoni da rk/betoni,

m3

arma-tura,

t

liTonis kons-

truqciebi, t

E&M, mvt

nial

a

A-01 tirolis tipis wyalmimRebi md. karzameT-

iswyalze (1875,0), L=8,0m. H=4,5m. 600 200 10 8

A-02 saderivacio milsadeni (md. karzameTiswyali-saderivacio arxi), L=2250,0m. D=400mm. δ=10mm.

6800 30 228

A-03 saderivacio arxi (saderivacio milsadeni-nialas hesis wyalsacavi), W=1,5m. H=1.5m. L=3500,0m.

15290 4790 73

A-04 qvanayari kaSxali (sof. lepisTan 1830,0), L=90,0m. H=2m.

1800 2300 70 2

A-05 saderivacio arxi, W=1,5m. H=1.5m. L=2000,0m. 8740 2730 42

A-06 saderivacio milsadeni, L=300,0m. D=300mm. δ=10mm. 1000 5 22

A-07 qvanayari kaSxali (nialas hmesis wyalsacavi

1826,5), L=1097.0m. H=50,5m. 1559150 5647150 32660 1275

A-08 zedapiruli wyalsagdebi L=525.0m 31470 4620 185

A-09 siRrmuli wyalsagdebi (L=607,0m. D=4m) 11900 4290 172

A-10 qvanayari kaSxali (nialas hmesis wyalsacavi

1826,5), L=318,0m. H=14,0m. 107000 125000 6800 266

A-11 wyalmimRebi (gvirabis tipis), D=4,0m. L=10,0m. 70 5 20

A-12

sadawneo gvirabi (nialas hmesis wyalsacavi _ xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavi), L=2560,0m. D=2,5m. δ=0,4m.

24630 12060 965



109

A-13 gamTanabrebeli rezervuari, H=70,0m. D=5,0m. δbet.=0,4m. δliT.=26mm.

1848 475 225

A-14 daxrili sadawneo Saxti, L=820,0m. D=2,5m. δbet.=0,8m. δliT.=26mm.

10825 6800 1320

A-15 nialas hmesis miwisqveSa Senoba, W=19,0m. H=45,0m. L=60,0m.

57000 12000 1500 90

A-16 gamyvani gvirabi (1368,0), D=2.5m. L=1284,0m. δbet.=0,5m. (sami Zafi)

10410 6075 273

xer

Tvisi

B-01 qvanayari kaSxali md. mtkvarze (1368,0), L=325,0m. H=86,5m.

482000 3735670 7790 310

B-02 zedapiruli wyalsagdebi L=321.0m 20500 3010 120

B-03 siRrmuli wyalsagdebi (L=610,0m. D=8.0m) 38800 8145 325

B-04 wyalmimRebi, W=5,0m. H=7,0m. L=150,0m. 7200 1950 78 16

B-05 sadawneo gvirabi (xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavi - md. mtkvari), L=19400,0m. D=4.2m. δ=0,4m.

381000 112000 3361

B-06 samSeneblo Stolni (L=10400,0m. W=4,0m. H=4,0m. 213200 65500

B-07 gamTanabrebeli rezervuari, H=136,0m. D=9,0m. δbet.=0,5m. δliT.=14mm.

9730 1850 382

B-08 vertikaluri sadawneo Saxti, L=200,0m. D=2,5m. δbet.=0,8m. δliT.=14mm.

2643 1662 173

B-09 xerTvisi hesis miwisqveSa Senoba, W=19,0m. H=45m. L=52,0m.

49000 10400 1450 81.6

B-10 gamyvani gvirabi (11140,0), W=4,0m. H=5,0m. L=248,0m. δ=0,8m.

8330 3800 152 7

B-11 gamyvani arxi (11140,0), W=4,0m. H=5,5m. L=155,0m. δ=0,4m.

4400 977 39



110

as

pinZa

C-01 dabalzRurbliani kaSxali md. mtkvarze (1113,0), L=80,0m. H=10,0m.

16323 14495 580 5

C-02 wyalmimRebi, W=4,0m. H=8,0m. (ori mali) 19827 3900 156 24

C-03 gamrecxi, W=4,0m. H=6,0m. 2200 620 25 8

C-04 sadawneo gvirabi (aspinZa hesis wyalsacavi-md. mtkvari), L=12400,0m. D=5,5m. δ=0,5m.

441110 113900 3416

C-05 samSeneblo Stolni (L=1600,0m. W=4,0m. H=4,0m. δ=0,4m.

32800 10100

C-06 gamTanabrebeli rezervuari, H=56,0m. D=10,0m. δbet.=0,6m. δliT.=14mm.

5520 1120 193

C-07 daxrili sadawneo Saxti, L=220,0m. D=3,5m. δbet.=0,8m. δliT.=14mm.

4488 2376 268

C-08 aspinZa hesis miwisqveSa Senoba, W=19,0m. H=45m. L=60,0m.

57000 12000 1500 55.2

C-09 gamyvani gvirabi (1012,5), W=5,0m. H=6,0m. L=345,0m. δ=0,8m.

15698 6280 251 9



111

4.7 mSeneblobis periodi



112



113



114

5 saWiro infrastruqturis

ganviTareba

5.1 gzebi

mimyvani gzebi q. axalcixidan sofel nialamde

arsebuli gzis mTliani sigrZe aris 75,5km. maT Soris: gza axalcixesa da sofel miraSxans Soris 66km-ia, xolo gruntis gza sofel miraSxansa da nialas wyalsacavis kaSxals Soris 9,5 km-ia. moasfal-tebuli gza nawilobriv cud mdgomareobaSia da amJamad mimdinareobs rekon-struqcia. xolo xreSiT mopirkeTebuli gruntis gza sofel miraSxansa da sofel nialas Soris cud mdgomareobaSia da unda moxdes misi SekeTeba ise, rom Sesa-Zlebeli gaxdes masalebisa da danadgarebis gadatana. upirveles yovlisa unda moxdes misi gafarToveba, damcavi moajirebis gaTvaliswinebiT da misi moasfal-teba. aseve arsebobs alternatiuli gza sof.toloSidan xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavamde, romelic saWiroebs rekonstruqcias.

axali gza sofeli miraSxanidan xerTvisi hesis wyalsacavis kaSxlis adgilamde:

sadac arsebuli gza mTavrdeba iwyeba gruntis sasoflo gza, romelic amJmad gam-oiyeneba yvela saxis tvirTis gadasatanad. unda gakeTdes axali gza (4.5km) kaSxlis mSeneblobis adgilamde da is gahyveba arsebul gruntis gzas. mosawyobi iqneba erTi xidi md.ardaganze.

cxrili 5.1 mtkvris kaskadisaTvis saWiro gzebi

hesis

das

axel

e

ba

obieqtis dasaxeleba misasvleli gza

manZili, m

asfaltirebul

gzamde

moxreSil

gzamde

nial

a

saTave nage-

boba

karzameTiswyali

arsebuli gruntis

- 400

injasu - 1300

taSli-kiSli - 5000

gamTanabrebeli rezervuari _ - 2700

hesis Senoba _ - 1500

xer

Tvisi

saTave nage-boba

mtkvari arsebuli asfaltirebuli

100 -

gamTanabrebeli rezervuari _ 800 -



115

hesis Senoba _ 200 -

aspinZa

saTave nage-boba

mtkvari _ 50 -

gamTanabrebeli rezervuari arsebuli gruntis - 1350

hesis Senoba arsebuli gruntis - 2000

5.2 tipiuri grZivi Wrili

naxazebi R-2009-031; R-2009-005 imisaTvis, rom ganisazRvros gzebis mSeneblobis sirTule da moxdes samSeneblo xarjTaRricxvis Sedgena mimyvan gzebze, SevarCieT 3 standartuli grZivi Wrili. isini iTvaliswineben erT tipiur ganivkveTs WrilSi, yrilSi, Wrilsa da yrilSi damcavi kedliT da sadrenaJo milebiT. dadgegmil gzas eqneba asfaltis safari 4.0m Tavisi gverdiTi sacalfexo gzebiT orive mxares, TviToeuli 0.5m da sadrenaJo arxebiT mTis ZirSi. naleqi gawovili iqneba gzis qveviT yovel 100.0m-Si mowyobili rkinabetonis miliT. am sami standartuli grZivi Wrilebis kombinaciebi SesaZlebelia. imisaTvis, rom moxdes manqanis usafrTxo gadaadgileba yovel 500 metrSi gaT-valiswinebulia asaqcevi moednebi. dizainis elementebi horizontaluri proeqtirebis dizainis elementebi

mrudis radiusi: min. – R=30m

moxvevis radiusi: min. – R=12.5m klotoidi: ar aRiniSneba

mrudis gafarToveba: rodesac R mcirea 80m-ze vertikaluri proeqtirebis dizainis elementebi: maqsimaluri daxriloba: 8.0% maqsimaluri daxriloba gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi: 12.0%

minimaluri gadasvlis radiusi: R=500m

minimaluri gadasvlis radiusis vardna: R=400m minimaluri daxriloba: 0.4%

5.3 gadamcemi xazebi

mtkvris kaskadis sadgurebis energosistemasTan mierTeba gaTvalis-winebulia

arsebuli da axlad asaSenebeli qselis gamoyenebiT. kaskadSi Semavali yvela

hesebi sakuTari qvesadgurebis saSualebiT erTmaneTTan dakavSirebulia 110 kv da

220 kv gadamcemi xazebiT. Sesabamisad: niala-20 km, xerTvis 18.5 km da aspinZa –

28 km sigrZis xazebiT 220 kv-iani egx-s saSualebiT daukavSirdeba mSenebare q/s



116

“axalcixes”. es ukanaskneli mierTebuli iqneba 500/400 kv egx raTa moxdes el.

energiis eqsporti TurqeTSi da aseve saqarTvelos energosistemaSi CarTva.

naxazi 5.1 mtkvari-faravanis kaskadis eleqtruli CarTvis sqema



117

6 gamomuSaveba

6.1.1 eleqtro energiis gamomuSavebis kalkulaciebi

hesebis da hmesis (niala) dawneva gaangariSebulia rezervuaris da wyalmimRebis niSnulis safuZvelze. Tumca, gamomuSaveba damokidebuli iqneba sezonur cvlilebebze rezervuarSi. qveviT mocemuli cxrili iZleva wylis xarjis detalur informacias da moculobis maCveneblebs, rac efuZneba turbinis universalur maxasiaTeblebs, simZlavris 5%-iani SezRudvis moculobiT. niSnuli, dawneva, xarji da gamomuSavebis maCveneblebi kaskadSi Semavali hesebisTvis naCvenebia cxrilSi 6.1

cxrili 6.1 saangariSo da minimumi simZlavreebi

hesebis dasaxe-leba

saangariSo dawneva minimumi dawneva

niSnuli, m

dawneva, m

saangariSi xarji, m3

simZlavre, mvt

niSnuli, m

dawneva, m

saangariSi xarji, m3

simZlavre, mvt

niala 1826.5 466.0 13.52 90.0/82.0 1790.0 422.0 13.52 51.5 xerTvisi 1368.0 225.0 40.0 81.6 1305.0 190.5 40.0 68.8 aspinZa 1113.0 91.0 67.0 55.2 1113.0 91.2 67.0 55.2 jami 226.8/218.8 161.8

kalkulaciebi efuZneba im turbinebis maxasiaTeblebs, romlebic saqarTveloSi ukve gamoyenebulia, da Sesabamisi specifikaciebi naCvenebia qveviT. Tumca Sesa-Zlebelia turbinis tipis da mwarmoeblis Secvla. warmodgenili turbina da misi tipi Sesabamisi parametrebis gaTvaliswinebiT cvalebadia da damokidebulia tur-bina da generatoris specifiur zomebsa da moculobaze. misi dazusteba moxdeba mas Semdeg, roca dazustdeba hesis Senobis adgilmdebareoba, Sesasrulebeli samuSaoebi, ZiriTadi teqnikuri gadawyvetilebebi da mSeneblobis xarjTaRicxva. turbinis tipi da parametrebi dadgenili iqneba sruli teqnikuri da ekonomikuri Seswavlis dros, maSin rodesac turbinis mwarmoebeli qarxana gaaakeTebs sabo-loo daskvnas. Tumca daproeqtebuli ZiriTadi teqnikuri gadawyvetilebebis cvlileba ar moxdeba. cxrili 6.2 gviCvenebs parametrebs, ris safuZvelzec moxda turbinis tipis SerCeva.

cxrili 6.2 turbinis SerCevis pirobebi

hesis/haesis

dasaxeleba

maCveneblebi

zeda biefi,

m

qveda

biefi, m

wylis

simaRle

nSd

saS.mravalwliuri

modineba, m³/wm

hesis saS.

saangariSo

xarji,

saangariSo

dawneva,m



118

dros (1979w) m³/wm

niala 1826.5 1305.0 36.5 1.03 13.52 466.0

xerTvisi 1368.0 1114.0 63.0 30.3 40.0 225.0

aspinZa 1113.0 1012.5 10.5 53.3 67.0 91.2

yovelive aman ganapiroba qveviT naCvenebi turbinis maCvenebelebi:

cxrili 6.3 mtkvris kaskadis SerCeuli turbinebis maCveneblebi

maxasiaTeblebi

hesebis dasaxeleba ganzomolebis

erTeuli niala hmesi xerTvisi hesi aspinZa hesi

turbina

tipi vert. frensisi

POНТ543-B

vert. frensisi

PO130-BM

vert. frensisi

PO100-BM

raodenoba 3 3 3 c

saangariSo xarji

5.8/4.5 13.3 22.3 m3/wm

saangariSo dawneva

466.0/526.5 225.0 91.2 m

saangariSo mqk 94.0/- 94.0 94.0 %

simZlavre 30/27.3 27.2 18.4 mvt

swrafmavlobis koeficienti

32.1 32.4 68.6

nominaluri brunTa ricxvi

500 500 428 bruni/ wT

generatori

tipi mwarmoeblis gada-

wvetilebiT mwarmoeblis

gadawvetilebiT mwarmoeblis

gadawvetilebiT

raodenoba 3 3 3 c

simZlavre 36300/32110 32000 21650 kv

mqk 90.0/98.0 98.0 98.0 %

nominalur brunTa ricxvi

500 500 428 bruni/ wT

gaqcevis brunTa ricxvi

900 900 820 bruni/ wT

statoris nomi-naluri Zabva

10500 10500 10500 volti

nominaluri sixSire

50 50 50 herci

simZlavris koeficienti

0.8 0.8 0.8 cosφ



119

6.1.2 generacia

dadgmuli simZlavris gamoyenebis koeficienti iqneba 3464 saaTi niala hmesisTvis, 6136 saaTi xerTvisi hesisTvis, 6044 saaTi aspinZa hesisTvis, saSualo gamomuSaveba iqneba Sesabamisad 213.87 hvt/sT, 429.55 hvt/sT, 320.31 hvt/sT. kaskadis mTliani gamomuSaveba iqneba 963.7 hvt/sT, saidanac minimum 702,7 hvt/sT gamomuSavebuli iqneba seqtember-aprilSi Semodgoma-zamTris eleqtrodatvirTvis maqsimumis dros.

cxrili 6.4 kaskadSi Semavali hmesis da hesebis wliuri gamomuSaveba da simZlavre 50 %

uzrunvelyofis dros

# დასახელება

თვეები

წელი საათი

გამოყე

ნების

კოეფიც

იენტი,

%

იავ თებ მარ აპრ მაი ივნ ივლ აგვ სექ ოქტ ნოე დეკ

1

ნიალა ჰმესი

P=90.0/82.0მვტ

გენერაცია, გვტ 26.92 26.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51.95 51.95 50.82 51.95 50.82 51.95 362.4 4027 45.97

დადგმული

სიმძლავრე, მვტ 36.19 38.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 69.83 69.83 70.58 69.83 70.58 69.83

2

ხერთვისი ჰესი

P=81.6მვტ

გენერაცია, გვტ 10.12 10.79 59.9 58.01 60.51 58.31 60.67 45.94 39.74 41.71 31.38 32.65 509.73 6231 71.1


სიმძლავრე, მვტ 13.60 15.92 80.51 80.56 81.33 80.98 81.54 61.74 55.20 56.06 43.59 43.88

3

ასპინძა ჰესი

P=55.2მვტ

გენერაცია, გვტ 14.32 14.76 37.33 39.68 41.01 39.68 36.11 24.54 22.21 23.62 20.02 19.16 332.46 6023 68.8


სიმძლავრე, მვტ 19.25 21.78 50.18 55.12 55.12 55.12 48.54 32.99 30.85 31.75 27.80 25.75

ჯამური სიმძლავრე

P=226.8/218.8.0მვტ

გენერაცია, გვტ 51.37 51.61 97.23 97.69 101.52 97.99 148.73 122.43 112.77 117.29 102.22 103.76 1,204.6 5506 64.6


სიმძლავრე, მვტ 69.04 76.12 130.69 135.68 136.45 136.10 199.90 164.56 156.63 157.65 141.97 139.46



120

naxazi 6.1 gviCvenebs mTliani kaskadis wliur gamomuSavebas da simZlavres



121

cxrili 6.5 mtkvris kaskadSi Semavali hmesis da hesebis wliuri gamomuSaveba da simZlavre 10%, 50% da 90% uzrunvelyofis dros

# დასახელება თვეები

წლიური საათი

გამოყენების

კოეფიციენტი,

% იან თებ მარ აპრ მაი ივნ ივლ აგვ სექ ოქტ ნოე დეკ

1 ნიალა ჰმესი P=90.0/82.0 მვტ

10% უზრუნველყოფა 43.77 40.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.92 51.95 50.82 51.95 50.82 51.95 369.0 4100 46.8

50% უზრუნველყოფა 26.92 26.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 51.95 51.95 50.82 51.95 50.82 51.95 362.4 4027 46.0

90% უზრუნველყოფა 26.92 24.54 26.92 26.06 26.92 26.06 26.92 26.92 26.06 33.96 33.02 33.96 338.3 3758 42.9

2 ხერთვისი ჰესი P=81.6მვტ

10% უზრუნველყოფა 9.97 9.36 59.90 57.38 60.18 57.72 59.93 45.13 37.50 38.43 31.47 32.39 499.4 6120 69.9

50% უზრუნველყოფა 10.12 10.79 59.9 58.01 60.51 58.31 60.67 45.94 39.74 41.71 31.38 32.65 509.7 6247 71.3

90% უზრუნველყოფა 9.94 9.18 20.40 46.18 46.49 45.99 29.62 31.49 29.86 31.31 28.73 22.68 351.87 4312 49.2

3 ასპინძა ჰესი P=55.2 მვტ

10% უზრუნველყოფა 9.97 9.53 31.97 39.64 40.96 39.64 35.15 25.92 21.54 20.65 18.10 18.56 311.6 5646 64.4

50% უზრუნველყოფა 14.32 14.76 37.33 39.68 41.01 39.68 36.11 24.54 22.21 23.62 20.02 19.16 332.5 6023 68.8

90% უზრუნველყოფა 10.70 10.76 17.18 36.65 40.96 32.89 19.77 18.42 19.15 19.73 20.48 16.81 263.5 4774 54.5

საერთო გენერაცია P=226.8/218.8.8მვტ

10% უზრუნველყოფა 63.71 59.69 91.87 97.02 101.14 97.36 122.01 123.01 109.85 111.04 100.39 102.90 1180.0 5203 59.4

50% უზრუნველყოფა 51.37 51.61 97.23 97.69 101.52 100.19 146.37 137.16 118.97 115.32 112.55 102.49 1204.6 5311 60.6

90% უზრუნველყოფა 47.56 44.47 64.50 108.89 114.38 104.94 76.31 76.83 75.07 85.00 82.23 73.45 953.6 4205 48.0

სექტემბერი-აპრილი

10% უზრუნველყოფა 736.5 3458





122

grafiki 6.2 kaskadis saSualo wliuri gamomuSaveba

grafiki 6.3 gamomuSaveba uxvwylian, saSualowylian da mcirewylian wlebSi



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7 garemosa da socialuri

riskebis analizi

md. mtkvris baseini saqarTvelos teritoriaze yvelaze metad dasaxlebuli adgilia da qveynis mosaxleobis 60%-ze meti swored mis gaswvriv cxovrobs. mdinaris piras ganTavsebulia mravali sasoflo-sameurneo da industriuli Senobebi, romlebic moixmaren wyals sasmelad, irigaciisTvis da industriuli miznebisTvis. yovelive amas Zalian didi zegavlena aqvs mdinaris mdgomareobaze, wylis raodenoba bunebriv reJimze ver akmayofilebs saWiro moTxovnebs, gansakuTrebiT zafxulis TveebSi. am mdgomareobis gamosworeba SesaZlebelia moxdes wylis daregulirebiT. warmodge-nili hesebisTvis mowyobili rezervuarebiT.

warmodgenili obieqti mdebareobs md. mtkvaris zeda welSi naklebad dasaxlebul teritoriaze. winaswari Seswavlis procesSi dadgina, rom ar arsebobs raime saxis garemosa da socialuri riskebi, rac ganapirobebda obieqtis mSeneblobis SeCerebas, periodis gaxangrZlivebas an fasis momatebas. Tumca proeqti iTvaliswinebs sakmaod mniSvnelovan nagebobebs, maT Soris erT did kaSxals da aucilebelia Catardes wina sainvesticio riskebis sruli analizi.

zogadad, warmoadgenili obieqti ar exeba raime saxiT dasaxlebul punqtebs, industrialur adgilebs, dacul teritoriebs an istoriul Senobebs. aseve ar aris mosalodneli, rom raime saxiT moxdes sanitarul-higienuri normebis darRveva. ZiriTadi potenciuri konfliqti da negatiuri riskebi dakavSirebulia im or adgilTan romlis datborvac unda moxdes.

qveviT mocemulia winaswari sqriningis Sedegebi, rac efuZneba adgilobriv daTvalierebasa da gasaubrebebs adgilobrivebTan. aucilebelia, rom investorma Caataros damoukidebeli kvleva ZiriTad sakiTxebze, rac proeqtis ganviTarebisaTvis aris mizanSewonili.

garemos analizi

samSeneblo moedani nakleb dasaxlebulia da iseT adgilas mdebareobs, sadac naklebad aris ganviTarebuli mcenareebi da TiTqmis ar aris tye. proeqti ar exeba dacul teritorias an nakrZals. geologiuri situacia regionSi seismuri aqtivobiT xasiaTdeba.

jgufis mier gamoyofili iqna ramodenime sakiTxi, rac erTgvar damatebiT Seswavlas moiTxovs:

regionSi aRiniSneba ramodenime antrofogenuli terasebi, gamoqvabulebi da minastrebi, romelic istoriulad metad Rirebulia. arsebuli gegma ar iTvalisiwnebs romelime maTganTan Sexebas, Tumca potenciuri riskebi, kerZod ki am adgilebis miuvlad datoveba, kidev damatebiTad aris Sesaswavli da Semamsubuqebeli zomebia misaRebi.

md. mtkvris wyali gamoiyeneba irigaciuli TvalsazrisiT. adgilobrivi eqspertebis TqmiT, rezervuaris arseboba ganapirobebs mdinaris kalapotSi daregulirebuli wylis arsebobas, rac pozitiur zegavlenas iqoniebs regionze sasoflo-sameurneo TvalsazrisiT. amgvari dadebiTi da uaryofiTi movlenebi damatebiTad unda iqnes Seswavlili.

md. mtkvari kveTs saqarTvelos teritorias da azerbaijanis gavliT Caedineba kaspiis zRvaSi. yovelive zemoTaRniSnulis gaTvalisiwnebiT, warmodgenil proeqts SesaZlebelia hqondes riskebi sasazRvro-satranzito TvalsazrisiT. winaswari Seswavlis Sedegad msgavsi riskebi ar dafiqsirebula, Tumca unda moxdes misi analizis Catareba. evrokavSiris mimdinare mdinaris menejmentis proeqti md. mtkvirs baseinze unda iqnes CarTuli am procesSi.



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mdinareSi aris Tevzebis iseTi saxeoba, romelzedac warmoadgenili proeqti iqoniebs garkveul zegavlenas. ZiriTadi problema maTi migraciis sakiTxi SeiZleba aRmoCndes.

kavkasiis regioni erT-erTia 25 biologiurad mravalferovan cxel wer-tilebs Soris, sadac damaxasiaTebelia florisa da faunis simdidre, iseve rogorc maRalia maTi gadaSenebis saSiSroebac. saerTaSoriso qveynebis siaSi saqarTvelo 36-ea biologiuri mravalferovnebis TvalsazrisiT, xolo evropaSi pirveli adgili ukavia. jer-jerobiT raime riskebi ar aRiniSneba, magram unda moxdes misi damatebiT Seswavla, raTa Tavidan acilebuli iqnes raime Sexeba erovnul parkTan da masSi Semaval mcenareebTan.

socialuri riskebis analizi

mosaxleoba regionSi sakmaod Raribia, da ZiriTadad Tavs irCenen fermerobiTa da metevzeobiT. mcenareeze zegavlenis TvalsazrisiT, yvelaze metad riskis qveS dgeba is mindvrebi romlebsac mosaxleoba iyenebs, vinaidan proeqtiT gaTvalisiwnebulia garkveuli nawilis datborva. aseve zegavlenas iqoniebs nialas rezervuaris teri-toriaze arsebul fermaze, Tumca SesaZlebelia misi gadatana ar iqnes saWiro.

socialur-ekonomikuri riskebis TvalsazrisiT Seswavlis sagani unda iyos Semdegi sakiTxebi:

zogierTi rezervuari da kaSxali axlos mdebaorebs soflebTan. maTi potenciuri riskebis analizi unda Catardes.

saZovrebis nawili unda daitboros. maTi moculoba unda iqnes Seswavlili da unda gatardes Sesabamisi zomebi.

daitboreba zogierTi gzis nawili, rac unda iqnes gadatanili. unda gakeTdes analizi da axali gzis gegma unda Seiqmnas.

adgilobrivi eqspertebis azriT, mosalodnelia, rom rezervuaris meSveobiT moxdeba kalapotis gawylianeba kaspiis zRvamde. Tu rogor moxdeba am Sedegis miReba ise, rom zegavlena ar iqonios generaciaze, iqneba Semdgomi Seswavlis sagani.

winaswari miwisZvrebis analizma saerTaSoriso eqspertebis meir, gviCvena, rom kaSxlebis da rezervuarebis mSenebloba aRniSnul regionSi SesaZlebelia, da gauZlebs 9 magnitudis miwisZvras. Tumca amis dadastureba unda moxdes seismoteqtonikuri Seswavlis da samSeneblo moednis seismuri analizis safuZvelze, rac unda Catardes investoris mier proeqtis ganviTarebis Sesabamis fazaSi.

saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo da konstituciuri CarCoebi

garemos nebarTvebi da kanonebi

yvela hidroeleqtrosadgurs 2 mvt-is zeviT operirebisTvis sWirdeba garemos dacvis nebarTvebi. es nebarTva gaicema saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros mier, Semdegi procedurebis gaTvaliswinebiT: a) garemos

analizi (EIA); b) saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza (SEE) da g) sajaro ganxilva.

garemos nebarTvebis procedurebi dResdReobiT gadis erTgvar ganxilvas. dRevandeli nebarTvebis gacemis sistema damokidebulia 2005 wlis kanonze, dadgenileba # 154, romlis mixedviTac moxdeba nebarTvebis gacema.

saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza eyrdnoba 1996 wels damtkicebul kanons saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Taobaze. am kanonis Tanaxmad saxelmwifo eqspertis gadawyvetileba savaldebuloa gaTvaliswinebuli iqnes garemos nebarTvis



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gacemas. memorandumis Tanaxmad saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza savaldebulo etapia, rasac eqspertTa komiteti uxelmZRvanelebs.

proeqtis winaswari Sefasebisa da Seswavlis Sesaxeb raime kanoni an moTxovna ar arsebobs.



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8 mtkvris kaskadis

gaxorcielebisTvis saWiro

nebarTvebi

cxrilSi 8.1 warmodgenilia is etapebi, rac aucilebelia proeqtis ganviTarebisTvis, Tumca maTSi ZiriTadi mSeneblbis dawyebamde etapebia.

cxrili 8.1 saqarTvloSi proeqtis ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro vadebi

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

proeqtis ganviTarebis uflebis miReba

sruli teqnikur-ekonimukuri

Seswavla (aseve EIA)

garemos nebarTvebi

adgilis gansazRvra (ijara, yidva)

mSeneblobis licenziebi

mSenebloba

generaciis licenzia

nebarTvebis misaRebad da proeqtis ganviTarebisTvis developers mouwevs sxvadasxva in-stitutebTan TanamSromloba; energetikis saministrosTan TanamSromloba. mtkvris kaskadis proeqtis ganxorcielebis xelSekruleba gaformebuli iqneba saqarTvelos energetikis saminsitrosa da investors Soris. saqarTvelos energetikis saministro iqneba mTavari pasuxismgebeli piri proe-qtis ganviTarebaze. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba – miwis gamoyofa. zogadad investors SeuZlia 1) Seisyidos miwis nakvetebi proeqtis ganxorcielebisaTvis, an 2) adgilobrivi mTav-robisagan miiRos xangrZlivi ijariT arsebuli miwebi. garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro. arsebuli garemos nebarTvebis sistema efuZneba 2005 wlis garemos licenziebisa da nebarTvebis kanonmdeblobas. dadgenileba #154, “garemos nebarTvebis procedurebi da gacemis pirobebi”, adgens pro-cedurebs garemos riskebze nebarTvebis gasacemad. ixileT qveviT. ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro. am saministros prerogativaa samSeneblo nebarTvis gacema da wylis moxmarebis nebarTvis gacema. samSeneblo nebarTvebis gacema efuZneba 2005 wlis kanonmdeblobas. dadgenileba #140-Si “samSeneblo nebarTvis gacemis proce-durebi da pirobebi”, asaxulia samSeneblo nebarTvebis gacemis pirobebi da procedurebi. wylis moxmarebis da wylis dabrunebis nebarTvebi efuZneba 2005 wlis 11 agvistos ka-nonmdeblobas, dadgenileba #137, “miwiszeda wylebis moxmarebis procedurebi da dabrunebis nebarTvebi”, adgens procedurebs da nebarTvebis gacemis pirobebs. saqarTvelos eleqtroenergiisa da wylis maregulirebeli erovnuli komisia (semeki). semeki valdebulia: 1) tarifis dadgenaze, 2) generaciis licenziis gacemaze da 3) erovnul qselSi CarTvis safasuris daangariSebaze.



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eleqtrosistemis komerciuli operatori (esko). zamTris periodSi gamomuSavebuli eleqtro energiis Sesyidvis xelSekruleba formdeba kompaniasa (hesis mSeneblsa) da eskos Soris, sadac Sesyidvis pirobebi, mxareTa uflebebi da valdebulebebi ganxiluli iqneba umcires detalebSi. investorebma unda moipovos wylis gamoyenebis nebarTva raTa moaxdinos generacia Sesa-bamisi energo danadgarebidan. nebarTvebis procesi regulirdeba saqarTvelos mTavrobis #137 gankargulebis meSveobiT, “wesebis da pirobebis gansazRvra wylis aRebis da dabrunebis Sesaxeb miwiszeda wylidan”, 2005 wlis 11 agvisto. nebarTva gaicema garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros mier. garemos dacvis saministros warmomadgenlis ganmartebiT, am proceduras mxolod 2 kvira sWirdeba, da igi metnaklebad formalobas warmoadgens. nebarTvebis gacemis pro-cesebi unda ganxorcieldes paralelurad. yvela dokumenti unda iqnes momzadebuli qarTul enaze, da yevla xarjebi gaweuli unda iqnes proeqtis developeris mier, vinc aseve iqneba am nebarTvebis momzadebaze valdebuli. proeqti aseve damtkicebuli unda iqnes saqarTvelos kulturisa da sportis saministros mier, radac xazgasmuli iqneba, rom proeqti ar exeba raime saxiT istori-ul memkvidreobas an arqeologiur gaTxrebs ar uSlis xels. saqarTvelos kanon-mdebloba kulturuli memkvidreobis dacvis Seasxeb adasturebs, rom arqeologiuri gaTxrebi, winaswari kvlevebi, istoriul-kulturuli memkvidreobis gansazRvra, same-cniero kvleva, publikaciebi da dacva Cadebuli unda iyos dizainsa da xarjTaRicxvis RirebulebaSi. developers aseve dasWirdeba garemos nebarTva operirebisTavis (detalebi ixileT qveviT).

garemos nebarTvebi da kanonmdebloba saqarTveloSi

yvela hidroeleqtrosadgurs 2 mvt-is zeviT operirebisTvis sWirdeba garemos dacvis nebarTvebi. es nebarTva gaicema saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis

saministros mier, Semdegi procedurebis gaTvaliswinebiT: a) garemos analizi (EIA); b)

saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza (SEE) da g) sajaro ganxilva.

garemos nebarTvebis procedurebi dResdReobiT gadis erTgvar ganxilvas. dRevandeli nebarTvebis gacemis sistema damokidebulia 2005 wlis kanonze, dadgenileba # 154, romlis mixedviTac moxdeba nebarTvebis gacema manam, sanam ar moxdeba arsebuli kanonis ganxilva da raime cvlilebebis Setana. cvlilebebi am kanonSi uaxloes momavalSi aris dagegmili.

saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza eyrdnoba 1996 wels damtkicebul kanons saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertizis Taobaze. am kanonis Tanaxmad saxelmwifo eqspertis gadawyvetileba savaldebuloa gaTvaliswinebuli iqnes garemos nebarTvis gacemisTvis. memorandumis Tanaxmad saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza savaldebulo etapia, rasac eqspertTa komiteti uxelmZRvanelebs.

proeqtis winaswari Sefasebisa da Seswavlis Sesaxeb raime kanoni an moTxovna ar arsebobs.

8.1 garemos analizis momzadeba

nebarTvebis procesis umetesi nawili daTmobili aqvs garemos analizs (EIA). #154 dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, proeqtis ganmxorcielebeli, nebarTvebis momzadebis procesSi, amzadebs garemos analizs mocemul vadebSi gansazRvruli procedurebis dacviT, axdens mis sajaro ganxilvas da eweva sxva saWiro saqmianobas. proeqtis ganmxorcielebelma unda moiwvios garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro am procesSi monawileobis misaRebad da amis Semdgom mimarTos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi



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resursebis saministros nebarTvis asaRebad. dadgenilebaSi naTlad aris asaxuli is dokumentacia, rac unda iqnes wardgenili garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministroSi, aseve detalurad aris asaxuli nebarTvebis gacemis procedurebi, garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros da proeqtis ganmxorcieleblis roli. nebarTvebis momzadebis procesSi gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi etapebi:

1. garemos analizis (EIA) momzadeba; es dokumenti mzaddeba invetoris mier, an investoris mier daqiravebuli garemos sakiTxebze momuSave konsaltinguri firmis mier;

2. am analizis gamoqveyneba gazeTSi regionalur da centralur doneze; am publikaciaSi unda iyos miTiTebuli dagegmili samuSaos miznebi, proeqtis dasaxeleba da adgilmdebareoba, misamarTi sadac dainteresebuli piri moipovebs garemos analizze angariSs, bolo vada (45 dRea micemuli rekomendaciebisa da sapasuxo komentarebisvTis), adgilmdebareoba, TariRi da dro sajaro ganxilvis, investoris koordinatebi rekomendaciebis da komentarebis miReba garemos analizze;

3. am analizis dabeWdili da eleqtronuli versia unda waredginos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros, gamocemidan 7 dRis Semdgom;

4. gamoqveynebis Semdgom, mosaxleobas eZleva 45 dRe imisaTvis, rom winadadebebiT mimarTon am daskvnis Taobaze;

5. gamoqveynebidan 60 dReSi, unda moxdes daskvnis sajaro ganxilva regionis administraciul centrSi, aseve unda moxdes Sesabamisi sajaro moxeleebis mowveva;

6. am sajaro ganxilvidan 5 dRis vadaSi, proeqtis ganmxorcielebelma unda moamzados oqmi Catarebuli ganxilvis safuZvelze da Seitanos masSi is winadadebebi, rac diskusiebis dros gamovlinda. am oqms xeli unda moaweron im uflebamosilma pirebma, romlebic eswrebodnen sakonsultacio Sexvedrebs. Tu Sexvedris dros Tavi iCina raime winaaRmdegobebma, proeqtis gamnxorcielebelma unda gaiTvaliswinos isini da Sesaferisi mtkicebulebebi unda moamzados;

7. investoris gadasawyvetia miiRebs Tu ara raime zomebs komentarebze. Tu igi ar gaiTvaliswinebs komentarebs, igi valdebulia Tavis saboloor reportSi warmoadginos mtkicebuleba imisa Tu ratom ar gaiTvaliswina esa Tu is komentari.

8. garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros unda waredginos saaplikacio forma garemos nebarTvebTan dakavSirebiT. am dokumentTan erTad investorma unda waradginos: 5 dabeWdili da 1 eleqtronuli versia garemos analizisa, sajaro ganxilvis protokoli, proeqtis ganxorcielebis adgilis situaciuri gegma, dagegmili saqmianoba;

9. yvela es masalebi unda iqnes wardgenili garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministroSi, romelsac aqvs 20 dRe imisaTvis, rom Caataros saxelmwifo ekologiuri eqspertiza da gasces nebarTva. proeqtTan dakavSirebuli nebarTvebi sxva saministroebidan Sesabamisad unda iqnes gakeTebuli.

8.2 saerTaSoriso moTxovnebi

EBRD/EIB da IFC/MIGA dainteresebuli arian proeqtSi miiRon monawileoba finansuri da/an sainvesticio garantiebis farglebSi. xeli moewereba garemos analizs, rac Tan

erTvis tenderis dokumentacias da damtkicebulia EBRD/EIB–s mier da Seesabameba garemos riskebis analizs da standartebs.

sufTa ganviTarebis meqanizmSi registracia

kiotos protokoliT gaTvaliswinebuli sufTa ganviTarebis meqanizmi (sgm) pirveli globaluri, garemos sainvesticio da Tavis mxriv kreditis sqemaa, romelic warmoadgens standartul emisiebis amoRebis instruments. sgm-is proeqtebs SeuZliaT moipovon sertificirebuli emisiis Semcirebis kreditebi, rac utoldeba erT tona



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CO2-s, risi gayidvac SesaZlebelia saerTaSoriso bazarze da iTvaliswinebs kiotos miznebs. mtkvris kaskadi proeqtiT gamoimuSavebs eleqtro energias ganaxlebadi wyaros meSveobiT, amcirebs mwvane velis gazis globalur emisias.

saqarTvelo aris kiotos protoklis SeTanxmebaze xelmomweri mxare, da gaaCnia DNA da Sesabamisi kanonmdebloba. gadamcemi xaziT mierTebul proeqts eqneba ZiriTadi faqtori

0.3999. jgufma daamuSava proeqtis dizainis dokumenti, rac warudgines Bureau Veritas winaswari SefasebisvTis. am TavSi aRwerilia Sesrulebuli samuSao da winaswari Seswavlis Sedegebi.

rogorc proeqtis developeri dadgindeba, monitoringis gegma da garemos riskebis analizi unda ganxorcieldes, manam sanam proeqtis dizainis dokumenti damtkicdeba. es etapi moicavs konsultaciebs da obieqtze vizits. sqematuri prezentacia sufTa ganviTarebis meTodiT daregistrirebisTvis naCvenebia qveviT. naCvenebi etapebidan, proeqtis dizainis dokumentis momzadeba yvelaze mniSvnelovania droisa da xarjebis

gaTvaliswinebiT. DOE-s moculobidan gamomdinare, daaxloebiT 4-6 Tve iqneba saWiro SefasebisTvis, sanam moxdeba proeqtis regisracia.



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grafiki 8.1 sufTa ganviTarebis meTodis proeqtis cikli



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9 xarjTaRricxva

nageboba nomeri Sesasrulebeli

samuSaoebi ganzomi-leba

raodenoba erTeu-Teu-lis

fasi, $

raodenoba jami

niala hesi

xerTvisi hesi

aspinZa hesi

niala hesi

xerTvisi hesi

aspinZa hesi

kaSxali A-01, A-

04, A-07,

A-08, A-

09, A-10,

A-11, B-

01, B-02,

B-03, B-

04, C-01,

C-02, C-

03,

miwis samuSaoe-bi

m3 1711920 548500 38350 4 6847680 2194000 153400 9195080

qvayrili da Tixa

m4 577445

0 3735670 0 10 57744500 37356700 0 95101200

betoni da rk/betoni

m5 48710 20895 19015 170 8280700 3552150 3232550 15065400

armatura t 1915 833 761 1200 2298000 999600 913200 4210800

liTonis kon-struqciebi

t 28 16 37 6000 168000 96000 222000 486000

gvirabi, arxebi, gamTanabrebeli

rezeruari, sadawneo auzi,

daxrili sadawneo Saxti, samSeneblo

Stolni

A-02, A-

03, A-05,

A-06, A-

12, A-13,

A-14, B-

05, B-06,

B-07, B-

08, C-04,

C-05, C-

06, C-07,

qanebis amoReba da gamyareba

m5 69133 606573 483918 110 7604630 66723030 53230980 127558640

qvayrili da Tixa

m5 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0

betoni da rk/betoni

m5 26890 181012 127496 170 4571300 30772040 21674320 57017660

armatura t 1102 3361 3416 1200 1322400 4033200 4099200 9454800


t 1773 555 461 6000 10638000 3330000 2766000 16734000

hesis Senobebi

A-15, B-

09, C-08,


m5 57000 49000 57000 50 2850000 2450000 2850000 8150000

xarisxovani yrili

m5 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0

betoni da rk/betoni

t 12000 10400 12000 170 2040000 1768000 2040000 5848000

armatura t 1500 1450 1500 1200 1800000 1740000 1800000 5340000

E&M mvt 90 81.6 55.2 500000 45000000 40800000 27600000 113400000

gamyvani gvirabi da arxi A-16, B-

10, B-11,

C-09,


m5 10410 12730 15698 110 1145100 1400300 1726780 4272180

betoni da rk/betoni

m5 6075 4777 6280 170 1032750 812090 1067600 2912440



132

armatura t 273 191 251 1200 327600 229200 301200 858000


t 0 7 9 6000 0 42000 54000 96000

gzis gayvana km 10 2 225000 2250000 450000 0 2700000

gadamcemi xazi

110 kv xazi km 20.0 100000 2000000 0 0 2000000

220 kv xazi km 18.5 28.0 200000 0 3700000 5600000 9300000

qvesadguri 1700000 0 1700000 0 1700000

mSenebloba USD 157920660 204148310 129331230 491400200

gauTvaliswinebeli xarjebi (15%)

USD 23688099 30622247 19399685 73710030

dizainis samuSaoebi (8%) USD 12633653 16331865 10346498 39312043

sul USD 194242412 251102421 159077413 604 422 246



133

10 ekonomikuri da finansuri

analizi

10.1 regionis eleqtro energiis bazris mokle mimoxilva

mtkvris zeda welis energetikuli gamoyenebis proeqti iTvaliswinebs TurqeTis bazris mzardi moTxovnis nawilobriv dakmayofilebasWarbi energies xarjze, xolo saqarTvelo zamTris periodSi mTlianad gamoiyenebs mas sakuTari Sida moxmarebisTvis.

bolo wlebSi TurqeTi damokidebuli gaxda metwilad gazis importze ruseTidan, raTa daakmayofilos mzardi moTxovna el. energiaze. TurqeTis mTavrobam gamoxata daintereseba, rom Seamciros gaziT warmoebuli generacia, da misi gamoyeneba energetikuli struqturis gaumjobesebis TvalsazrisiT. am strategiis erT-erTi elementi iTvaliswinebs eleqtro energiis imports mezobeli qveynebidan, maT Soris saqarTvelodan.

TurqeTis eleqtroenergiis warmoebaSi gazis maRali procentuli maCveneblis garda, generaciis Rirebuleba dakavSirebulia, agreTve, navTobis fasTanac. navTobis Rirebuleba 70-80 aSS dolari/bareli, TurqeTis energo sistemaSi Seesabameba el. energiis fass 8-10 aSS centi/kvt.sT. eleqtro energiis saSualo fasi TurqeTSi 2007 wels iyo 9.5 aSS centi/kvt.sT, 2008 wels 12 aSS centi/kvt.sT, xolo 2009 wlis ianvar-noemberSi 9.3 aSS centi/kvt.sT. TurqeTis energo sistemaSi el. energiis fasi mkveTri sxvaobebiT gamoirCeva. sxvaoba saaTobriv tarifSi yvelaze maRal fassa +20% da yvelaze dabal fass +20% Soris TurqeTis sistemaSi 2008 wlis dekembersa da 2009 wlis noemberSi Seadgenda 337% da yvelaze maRali fasi 60% saaTSi faravda saSualo fass 26% igive periodSi. yovelive es didad ganapirobebs dainteresebas generaciaze stabiluri gadanawilebiT da dabali sastarto RirebulebiT (maregulirebeli wyalsacavebis xarjze).

naxazi 10.1 yovelTviuri fasi eleqtroenergiaze TurqTSi da saqarTveloSi 2007 w. martidan –

2009w. noembramde

imisaTvis, rom moxdes hidro resursebis momgebiani realizacia saqarTvelos mTavrobam gad-awyvita 500/400kv xazis mSenebloba, romelic gaatarebs 650/1000 mvt-s da dakavSirebuli iqneba axalcixidan (saqarTvelo) borCaSi (TurqeTi). urTierTgagebis memorandums moewera



134

xeli saqarTvelo TurqeTis energetikis saministroebs Soris, rac iTvalisiwinebs garanti-rebuli 650 mvt-s miwodebas borCidan centralur TurqeTis qselSi. xazis mSenebloba daiwyo 2009 wlis seqtemberSi da unda dasruldes 2012 wlisaTvis. gadamcemi xazis gam-oyenebasTan dakavSirebuli kanoni iTvalisiwnebs, rom warmoebuli ganaxlebadi eleqtro en-ergia saqarTveloSi iqoniebs xazSi mierTebis upiratesobas.

saqarTveloSi eleqtro energiis warmoeba ZiriTadad hidro resursebiT xdeba. limitirebu-li Senaxvis SesaZleblobebidan gamomdinare (wliuri generaciis 13%) da Zalian damaxasi-aTebeli sezonurobiT hidrologiaSi, saqarTvelos energo sistemas Warbi energia aqvs gazafxuli-zafxulis periodSi. iqidan gamomdinare, rom eleqtro energiis fasi dabalia im qveynebSi sadac saqarTvelos kargi gacvliTi sistema aqvs (ruseTi, sasomxeTi da azerbaija-ni), saqarTvelos sistemaSi uamravi wyali iRvreba. 2009 wlis maisSi, ivnissa da ivlisSi mTlianad gadaiRvara 1.4 teravati saaTSi. axali 500/400 kv gadamcemi xazi TurqeTSi droebiT Seamcirebs wylis gadaRvris faqtebs saqarTveloSi, vinaidan saqarTvelosTvis ax-ali bazari gaixsneba SedarebiT maRali fasebiT eleqtro energiaze. Tumca rogorc axali hesebi gaSendeba da CaerTveba xazSi, isini daikaveben xazs srulad gazafxuli-zafxulis TveebSi. 450 mvt namaxvanis proeqtis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, mxolod mas dasWirdeba am xazis TiTqmis 2/3 gazafxul-zafxulis periodSi. Tumca rogorc Cans saqarTveloSi garkveul periodSi, gazafxul-zafxulSi wylis gadaRvris precedentebi da amave periodSi dabali fasebi kvlavindeburad darCeba. yovelive es naCvenebia Sefasebis daSvebebSi. saSualo sabiTumo fasi eleqtro energiaze saqarTvelos sistemaSi 2009 wlis mart-ivnisSi iyo 2.8 aSS centi/kvt.sT.

saqarTvelo zamTris TveebSi sakuTari moxmarebisaTvis axdens eleqtroenergiis da bunebrivi airis garkveuli nawilis imports azerbaijanidan. bunebrivi airis Sesasyidi fasis _ 140 aSS dolari/aT.m3-dan gamomdinare Tbosadgurebis mier warmoebuli eleqtroenergiis fasi saqarTveloSi Seadgens 6-8 aSS c./kvt.sT (Ria ciklis airturbinebis gamoyenebis koeficien-tia 29-36%). saqarTvelos mTavroba iswrafvis Caanacvlos siTburi eleqtroenergiis war-moeba sakuTari hidroresursebiT warmoebuli eleqtroenergiiT.

10.2 proeqtis finansuri analizi

mtkvris zeda welis hidroeleqtrosadgurebis kaskadis proeqti iTvaliswinebs metad mniSvnelovan mogebas sezonur da saaTobriv fasTa sxvaobebis gamo saqarTvelo-TurqeTis bazarze.

arsebobs proeqtis ganviTarebis ori alternativa. erTi alternativa iTvalisiwnebs orsafexurian kaskads rezervuariT da wylis garkveuli regulirebiT sezonuri wyaluxvobis periodSi mtkvris zeda welSi. meore alternativa iTvalisiwnebs 3 safexurian kaskads niala hmesis gaTvaliswinebiT. es ukanaskneli iTvalisiwnebs Warbi eleqtro energiis daregulirebas qarTul bazarze. am variantiT xerTvisi da aspinZa hesebis generacia gaizrdeba 128 gvt/sT-iT da gacilebiT naklebi wyali daiRvreba. nialas rezervuari developers udides SesaZleblobas miscems eleqtro energiis Sexedulebisamebr ganawilebis TvalsazrisiT.

orive SemTxvevaSi hesis Senobebi imuSaveben 50% bazisur reJimSi (aprili-ivlisi) da 50% pikur reJimSi (danarCeni weli) da Sesabamisad gamoimuSavebs 13%-iT mets vidre modinebaze momuSave hesebi. davuSvaT, rom bazisur reJimSi muSaobis dros 2010 wlis fasi Seadgens 9.3 aSS cents/kvt.sT xolo 13% sxvaoba gvaZlevs saSualod 10.5aSS centi/kvt.sT. dasaSvebia, rom zogadad fasebi moimatebs 2.5%-iT.

karbon kreditTan dakavSirebuli gaurkvevlobebis gamo, karbon kreditis fasi Seefarda 0-s mocemul finansur daSvebebSi. finansuri Sefasebis mniSvnelovani daSvebebi mocemulia qveviT moyvanil cxrilSi.

cxrili 10.1 finansuri Sefasebis mniSvnelovani daSvebebi



135

2 safexuriani 3 safexuriani

investiciis moculoba mln. aSS dolari 410 604

sesxi 70% 287 423

sawesdebo kapitali 30% 123 181

wliuri gamomuSaveba, gvt/sT 714 1205

TurqeTi 614 1105

saqarTvelo 100 100

gadacemis danakargebi 12 22

TuqreTis el. energiis fasi niala hmesis da

mis gareSe 2010-Si

aSS/kvt.sT 0.105 0.105

ACGR el. energiis fasi TurqeTSi 2.50% 2.50%

el. energiis saSualo fasi 2010 aSS/kvt.sT 0.056 0.056

ACGR saqarTvelos fasi 2.50% 2.50%

CO2 fasi aSS/tona 0 0

ACGR 0.00% 0.00%

Baseline tCO2/mvtsT 0.395 0.395

niala hmesisTvis Sesyiduli el. energia gvt/sT 437

hmesisTvis Sesasyidi saS. el. energiis fasi

2010-Si

aSS/kvt.sT 0.033

ACGR el. energiis fasi saqarTveloSi (marti

– ivnisi)

2.50% 2.50%

obieqtis saoperacio xarji aSS/mvt.sT 2 3

wylis gamoyenebis gadasaxadi operirebis

periodSi

35% 35%

nominaluri gadasaxadi sakuTrebis uflebaze 1.00% 1.00%

politikuri riskis dazRveva operirebis

pirveli 15 weli

investirebis % 0.50% 0.50%

ACGR operaciuli xarjebi 2.50% 2.50%

TurqeTSi gatarebis tarifi aSS/kvt.sT 0.02 0.02

ACGR gatarebis tarifi 2.50% 2.50%

saprocento ganakveTi bankis sesxze yvela

gadasaxadebis gaTvaliswinebiT

8/7%* 8/7%*

kapitalis amogebis norma 15.00% 15.00%

mogebis gadasaxadi 15.00% 15.00%

+ 4 saSeRavaTo mSeneblobis periodi 20 20

*daSvebulia refinansireba 4 wliani samSeneblo periodis mere



136

orsafexuriani kaskadis varianti

ZiriTadi Sedegebi

diskontirebis norma / kapitalis Rirebulebis saS-

ualo Sewonili

erTeuli Var @ 0%

Var @

4,26%

Var @

9,26%

Var @

14,26%

proeqtis wminda

dRevandeli Rirebuleba

gadasaxadebis Semdeg Mil. USD 10 045 673 -32 -135

Sida ukugebis norma

(kapitalis)

gadasaxadebis gada-

xdamede Mil. USD 22,16 %

Sida ukugebis norma

(kapitalis)

gadasaxadebis Semdeg Mil. USD 18,86 %

sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti

(operirebis 1 weli) 1,80

proeqtis ukugebis Sida normaa 12.5%, kapitalis ukugebis Sida normaa 18.9%. proeqti aris finansurad mdgradi magaliTisaTvis proeqtis pirvel wels sesxis momsaxurebis koeficien-tia 1.8. SesaZlebelia damatebiTi saxsrebis mozidva im SemTxvevaSi Tu bankebisTvis misaRebi iqneba. gakeTebulia daSveba rom proeqtis eqspluataciis xangZliobaa 100 weli. daSvebulia rom proeqti investor moutans nominalur RirebulebiT 10 miliard aSS dolars, magram umetesi am Semosavlisa ganxorcieldeba proeqtis mogvianebiT fazaSi.

dagegmilia, rom proeqts eqneba nominaluri RirebulebiT pozitiuri fuladi saxsrebis moZraoba misi dawyebidan mexuTe wels.

proeqtis mTavari cvladebia TurqeTSi eleqtro energiis fasi, samSeneblo samuSaoebis Rirebuleba da hidrologia. proeqtis sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti dadebiTia, rodesac eleqtro energiis fasi TurqeTSi aris 6.8 aSS centi kvt/sT da nebismieri hidrologiuri pirobebia. aseve SesaZlebelia Tanxebis gadaxarjva 67% -iT sanam sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti erTze naklebi ar gaxdeba.

samsafexuriani varianti niala hmesis gaTvalisiwnebiT

ZiriTadi Sedegebi

diskontirebis norma / kapitalis Rirebulebis saSu-

alo Sewonili

erTeuli Var @ 0%

Var @

4,26%

Var @

9,26%

Var @

14,26%

proeqtis wminda

dRevandeli Rirebuleba

gadasaxadebis Semdeg Mil. USD 14 586 1 050 -6 -174

Sida ukugebis norma

(kapitalis)

gadasaxadebis gada-

xdamede Mil. USD 24,08 %



137

Sida ukugebis norma

(kapitalis)

gadasaxadebis Semdeg Mil. USD 20,75 %

sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti

(operirebis 1 weli) 1,95

proeqtis ukugebis Sida normaa 13.3% da kapitalis ukugebis Sida normaa 20.8%. proeqti aris finansurad mdgradi magaliTisaTvis proeqtis pirvel wels sesxis momsaxurebis koeficientia 1.95. SesaZlebelia damatebiTi saxsrebis mozidva im SemTxvevaSi Tu bankebisTvis misaRebi iqneba. gakeTebulia daSveba rom proeqtis eqspluataciis xangZliobaa 100 weli. daSvebulia rom proeqti investor moutans nominalur RirebulebiT 14.6 mil-iard aSS dolars, magram umetesi am Semosavlisa ganxorcieldeba proeqtis mogvianebiT fazaSi.

samsafexurian variants nialas tumbosTan erTad, aqvs ufro maRali kapitalis ukugebis Sida norma, vidre orsafexurian variants. es im SemTxvevaSi Tu atumbvis Rirebuleba iqneba araumetes 5.3 aSS centi kvt/sT.

proeqtiT ganTvaliswinebulia 50% bazuri generacia (marti-ivnisi) xolo danarCeni wlis manZilze ki pikur generaciaze muSaobaa dagegmili. gaangariSebiT, miRebuli saSualo eleqtro energiis fasi iqneba 13%-iT meti vidre bazisuri generaciis SemTxvevaSi TurqeTis sistemaSi.

dagegmilia, rom proeqts eqneba nominaluri RirebulebiT pozitiuri fuladi saxsrebis moZraoba misi dawyebidan meSvide wels.

proeqtis mTavari cvladebia TurqeTSi eleqtro energiis fasi, samSeneblo samuSaoebis Rirebuleba da hidrologia. proeqtis sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti dadebiTia, rodesac eleqtro energiis fasi TurqeTSi aris 6.9 aSS centi kvt/sT da nebismieri hidrologiuri pirobebia. aseve SesaZlebelia Tanxebis gadaxarjva 79%-iT sanam sesxis momsaxurebis koeficienti erTze naklebi ar gaxdeba.

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