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RX c∈QX �HQ`b MQmb K2iiQMb a :=√2 2i b :=

√2- +QKK2

√2 2bi B``�iBQMM2HX LQmb

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kX c /∈QX �HQ`b MQmb K2iiQMb a := c 2i b :=√2- +QKK2 c 2i

√2 bQMi B``�iBQMM2HbX

LQmb �pQMb ,

ab = (√2√2)√2 = (

√2)(

√2·√2) = (

√2)2 = 2

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√2√

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12 -

34 -

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√2 2i

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Ç Ŀ (p ∨ q) ŀ 2bi mM2 7Q`KmH2 #B2M 7Q`Kû2 , 2HH2 2bi 7Q`Kû2 /2b 2tT`2bbBQMb Ŀ p ŀ 2i Ŀ q ŀ(�R) T�` H� `ĕ;H2 ("k)X

Ç Ŀ (p ∧ (p ∨ q)) ŀ 2bi mM2 7Q`KmH2 #B2M 7Q`Kû2 , 2HH2 2bi 7Q`Kû2 /2b 2tT`2bbBQMb Ŀ p ŀ (�R)2i Ŀ (p ∨ q) ŀ T�` H� `ĕ;H2 ("k)X Ŀ (p ∨ q) ŀ 2bi #B2M 7Q`Kû2 T�`+2 [mǶ2HH2 2bi 7Q`Kû2 /2b2tT`2bbBQMb Ŀ p ŀ 2i Ŀ q ŀ (�R) T�` H� `ĕ;H2 ("k)X

Ç Ŀ p ŀ 2bi #B2M 7Q`Kû2 ("R)XÇ Ŀ ((p∧)∨(p→ q)) ŀ MǶ2bi T�b #B2M 7Q`Kû2 , TmBb[m2 +2 MǶ2bi T�b mM2 T?`�b2 �iQKB[m2 ("R)-

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G2b T�`2Mi?ĕb2b b2`p2Mi ¨ 2MH2p2` HǶ�K#B;mśiû /2b T?`�b2b +QKK2 Ŀ p 2i q Qm r ŀ Ĝ p2mi@QM /B`2[mǶBH 7�mi +?QBbB` 2Mi`2 Ŀ p ŀ 2i Ŀ q ŀ /ǶmM2 T�ì 2i Ŀ r ŀ /Ƕ�mi`2 T�ì UĿ ((p∧ q)∨ r) ŀV Qm [m2MQmb �pQMb /2 iQmi2 7�ÏQM Ŀ p ŀ 2i- û;�H2K2Mi ¨ +?QBt- Ŀ q ŀ Qm Ŀ r ŀ UĿ (p∧ (q ∨ r)) ŀV \8j G2b

8RX *2b MQiBQMb b2`QMi �mbbB 2tTHB[mû2b 2M THmb /2 /ûi�BH /�Mb H� b2+iBQM R8XRX

8kX LQmb `2pB2M/`QMb bm` H� /û}MBiBQM 7Q`K2HH2 /2 +2ii2 H�M;m2 7Q`K2HH2 ¨ H� TX N8X AH M2 7�mi T�b T2Mb2` [m2 Ŀ p ŀ2i Ŀ q ŀ bQMi /2b 2tT`2bbBQMb Ł 7Q`K2HH2b ł Qm Ł K�i?ûK�iB[m2b łX *QKK2 MQmb H2 p2``QMb T�` H� bmBi2 U+7X TX d9V-BH bǶ�;Bi /2b H2ii`2b b+?ûK�iB[m2b- /2b bBKTH2b �#`ûpB�iBQMbX *2mt [mB MǶ�BK2Mi T�b H2m` +�`�+iĕ`2 Ł �#bi`�Bi ł U2i[mB M2 b2 H�bb2Mi T�b /2 H� `ûTûiBiBQMV T2mp2Mi bm#biBim2` T�ìQmi /�Mb +2 HBp`2 H2m`b T?`�b2b T`û7û`û2b TQm` Ŀ p ŀ2i TQm` Ŀ q ŀX

8jX lM �mi`2 2t2KTH2- /QMMû ¨ H� TX kj- 2bi HǶ�K#B;mśiû 2Mi`2 Ŀ p→ (q ∧ r) ŀ 2i Ŀ (p→ q) ∧ r ŀX

k3 RX AMi`Q/m+iBQM

T�`2Mi?ĕb2b `2M/2Mi HǶBMi2`T`ûi�iBQM pQmHm2 2tTHB+Bi2 Ĝ [m�M/ 2HH2 M2 bQMi T�b Mû+2bb�B`2b- 2HH2bT2mp2Mi āi`2 2MH2pû2bX89

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RX8 6Q`K�HBb�iBQM*2 [mB /BbiBM;m2 /2b �`;mK2Mib i2Hb [m2 Ŀ a�K 2bi H2 K�`B /Ƕ�MM2ii2X .QM+- a�K 2bi mM ?QKK2 ŀ/2b �`;mK2Mib +QKK2 Ŀ aB DǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2- �HQ`b D2 b2`�B ?2m`2mt 2i b�;2X CǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2X.QM+- D2 b2`�B ?2m`2mt 2i b�;2 ŀ 2bi [m2 H2b T`2KB2`b /ûT2M/2Mi /2b bB;MB}+�iBQMb /2b KQib [mBb2 i`Qmp2Mi ¨ HǶBMiû`B2m` /2b T?`�b2b bBKTH2b- �HQ`b [m2 H� p�HB/Biû /2b /2mtBĕK2b M2 /ûT2M/ [m2/2b +QMM2+i2m`b U+QKK2 Ŀ bB Ę �HQ`b · · · ŀV [mB `2HB2Mi +2b T?`�b2b bBKTH2bX SQm` `2M/`2 +2H� THmbK�MB72bi2- MQmb BMi`Q/mBbQMb H2b +�`�+iĕ`2b Ŀ p ŀ- Ŀ q ŀ- Ŀ r ŀ- Ŀ s ŀ 2i+X +QKK2 �#`ûpB�iBQMb /2T?`�b2b i2HH2b [m2 Ŀ DǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2 ŀ- Ŀ D2 b2`�B ?2m`2mt 2i b�;2 ŀ ,88

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URX9VaB DǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2- �HQ`b D2 b2`�B ?2m`2mt 2i b�;2X

CǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2XC2 b2`�B ?2m`2mt 2i b�;2X

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88X .�Mb H� i2`KBMQHQ;B2 /2 ZmBM2 [m2 MQmb BMi`Q/mB`QMb ¨ H� TX d9- BH bǶ�;Bi /2 Ŀ H2ii`2b b+?ûK�iB[m2b ŀX

6Q`K�HBb�iBQM kN

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[m2 H� i`QBbBĕK2 HB;M2 bǶ2MbmBi HQ;B[m2K2Mi Qm 2bi mM2 +QMbû[m2M+2 HQ;B[m2 /2b /2mt T`2KBĕ`2bX*2ii2 `2H�iBQM /2 +QMbû[m2M+2 HQ;B[m2 2bi /ǶBKTQì�M+2 T`BKQ`/B�H2 TQm` H� HQ;B[m2 , QM T2mi/B`2 [m2 iQmi2 H� HQ;B[m2 2bb�B2 /2 /ûi2`KBM2` [m2HH2b T?`�b2b bǶ2MbmBp2Mi /2 [m2HH2b �mi`2bX aB H�HQ;B[m2 +QM+2`Mû2 MQmb 2bi /QMMû2 T�` mM +�H+mH UmM bvbiĕK2 /Ƕ�tBQK2b 2i /2 `ĕ;H2b /ǶBM7û`2M+2bV-QM T2mi /B`2 [mǶmM2 T?`�b2 2bi Ŀ /û/m+iB#H2 ŀ UT2mi āi`2 /û/mBi2 Qm BM7û`û2V /ǶmM2 �mi`2 UT�``�TTQì ¨ +2 +�H+mHV , +2H� p2mi /B`2 [m2 H2b `ĕ;H2b /2 +2 +�H+mH MQmb T2`K2ii2Mi H2 T�bb�;2 /2HǶmM2 ¨ HǶ�mi`2 ;`�+2 ¨ mM b+?ûK� /ǶBM7û`2M+2X LQmb miBHBbQMb +2 bvK#QH2 , Ŀ ⊢ ŀ TQm` `2T`ûb2Mi2`H� /û/m+iB#BHBiû , Ŀ p ⊢ q ŀ p2mi /B`2 [m2 Ŀ q ŀ T2mi āi`2 /û/mBi /2 Ŀ p ŀ ¨ HǶ�B/2 /2b `ĕ;H2b/ǶBM7û`2M+2 /m +�H+mH 2M [m2biBQMXAH 2bi +`m+B�H /2 /BbiBM;m2` H� p�HB/Biû /ǶmM �`;mK2Mi /2 +2 [mǶQM �TT2HH2 b� Ŀ bQHB/Biû ŀ UĿ bQmM/@M2bb ŀ 2M �M;H�BbV , mM �`;mK2Mi T2mi āi`2 p�HB/2 T2m BKTQì2 bB b2b T`ûKBbb2b bQMi p`�B2b Qm7�mbb2b Ĝ iQmi +2 [mB 2bi `2[mBb 2bi [m2 HǶBKTHB+�iBQM bmBp�Mi2 bQBi p`�B2 , bB H2b T`ûKBbb2b bQMip`�B2b- �HQ`b H� +QM+HmbBQM HǶ2bi �mbbBX SQm` H� bQHB/Biû- T�` +QMi`2- H� pû`Biû /2b T`ûKBbb2b 2bi `2@[mBb2 , H2b T`ûKBbb2b bQMi p`�B2b 2i H� +QM+HmbBQM bǶ2MbmBi /2 +2b T`ûKBbb2b U2i- T�` +QMbû[m2Mi- 2biû;�H2K2Mi p`�B2VX aB DǶ�/K2ib- 2M HQ;B[m2- H2 `�BbQMM2K2Mi /2 [m2H[mǶmM- K�Bb `2bi2 MQM +QMp�BM+m/2 b� +QM+HmbBQM- D2 `2+QMM�Bb H� p�HB/Biû- K�Bb D2 /BbTmi2 /2 H� bQHB/Biû /2 bQM BM7û`2M+2X1M BMi`Q/mBb�Mi H2b �#`ûpB�iBQMb Ŀ p ŀ TQm` Ŀ CǶûim/B2 H� HQ;B[m2 ŀ 2i Ŀ q ŀ TQm` Ŀ C2 b2`�B?2m`2mt 2i b�;2 ŀ 2i 2M bBKTHB}�Mi H� 7Q`KmH2 Ŀ bB Ę �HQ`b · · · ŀ T�` H� ~ĕ+?2 Ŀ Ę → · · · ŀ- MQmbQ#i2MQMb- +QKK2 7Q`K2 Qm b[m2H2ii2 /2 HǶBM7û`2M+2 URX9V- H2 b+?ûK� bmBp�Mi ,

URX8Vp→ q

pq

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2iÇ H2b 2tT`2bbBQMb T2ìBM2Mi2b ¨ H� p�HB/Biû ûp2Mim2HH2 /2 HǶ�`;mK2Mi bQMi `2KTH�+û2b T�` H2b

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8eX C2 K2ib ĿŁ iB`2` łŀ B+B 2M ;mBHH2K2ib bBKTH2b TQm` BM/B[m2` [mǶBH bǶ�;Bi /ǶmM 2KTHQB };m`�iB7- /ǶmM2 B/û�HBb�iBQM/�Mb H� K2bm`2 Qɍ MQmb M2 T`ûbmTTQbQMb T�b [mǶBH v �Bi `û2HH2K2Mi [m2H[mǶmM [mB iB`2 +2ii2 +QM+HmbBQMX 1M +2 [mBMQmb +QM+2`M2- BH M2 TQm``�Bi KāK2 D�K�Bb v �pQB` [m2H[mǶmM [mB +QMbB/ĕ`2 H2b T?`�b2b 2M [m2biBQMX

8dX LQmb `2pB2M/`QMb bm` HǶmb�;2 /2 H2ii`2b b+?ûK�iB[m2b 2i b2b T`Q#HĕK2b ¨ H� TX d9X

jy RX AMi`Q/m+iBQM

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q → r¬r → ¬q ,

pp→ q

q ,p→ ¬p

¬p

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2M miBHBb�Mi Ŀ URXeV ŀ- Ŀ H� T?`�b2 T`û+û/2Mi2 ŀ- Ŀ H� T?`�b2 [mB +QKK2M+2 �p2+ Ŀ pQB+B ŀ- +QMiBMm2�p2+ HǶ�ìB+H2 /û}MB 7ûKBMBM- Ŀ T?`�b2 ŀ- Ŀ /m ŀ 2i H2 KQi TQm` H� H�M;m2 /�Mb H�[m2HH2 +2i Qmp`�;22bi û+`Bi ŀ Ĝ �m+mM2 /2 +2b 2tT`2bbBQMb +Bi2 H� T?`�b2 URXeV- K�Bb +?�+mM2 MQmb b2ì ¨ 2M T�`H2`XSHmiƬi [m2 H� /BbiBM+iBQM 2Mi`2 H2b ;mBHH2K2ib 2i H2m` +QMi2Mm- +Ƕ2bi H� /BbiBM+iBQM 2Mi`2 HǶmiBHBb�iBQM2i H� K2MiBQM /ǶmM KQi [mB 2bi +`m+B�H2X G2b ;mBHH2K2ib MQmb b2`p2Mi ¨ ûpBi2` H� +QM7mbBQM 2Mi`2miBHBb�iBQM 2i K2MiBQM [m2 H2 T?BHQbQT?2 �Kû`B+�BM qBHH�`/ p�M P`K�M ZmBM2- H2 Tĕ`2 /2 H� T?B@HQbQT?B2 /m kyĕK2 bBĕ+H2- � biB;K�iBbû2 +QKK2 HǶmM2 /2b 2``2m`b H� THmb 7`û[m2Mi2 2i +QMbû[m2Mi22M T?BHQbQT?B2XAH bǶ�;Bi /2 /2mt ivT2b /Ƕ�+iBQM [m2 HǶQM T2mi QTû`2` �p2+ H2b KQib- HǶmiBHBb�iBQM H2m` mb�;2 [mQiB/B2MTQm` T�`H2` /2b +?Qb2b /�Mb H2 KQM/2- H� K2MiBQM H2m` mb�;2 `û~2tB7 TQm` T�`H2` /2 +2b KQib@KāK2bXaB D2 /Bb

URXdV S�`Bb 2bi mM2 DQHB2 pBHH2X

DǶmiBHBb2 H2 KQi Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ TQm` /B`2 /2 H� pBHH2 [mǶ2HH2 2bi DQHB2 Ĝ D2 K2MiBQMM2 H� pBHH2 2i DǶmiBHBb2mM KQi [mB H� /ûbB;M2XeN aB- �m +QMi`�B`2- D2 /Bb

URX3V Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ 2bi mM KQi /m 7`�MÏ�Bb- Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ 2bi /BbbvHH�#B[m2- Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ 2bi �mbbBmM T`ûMQK- Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ 2bi KQM KQi T`û7û`ûX

D2 K2MiBQMM2 H2 KQi Ŀ S�`Bb ŀ 2i DǶmiBHBb2 mM MQK- ĿĿ S�`Bb ŀŀ UmM MQK +QMbiBimû /2 ;mBHH2K2ib-H2b H2ii`2b Ŀ S ŀ- Ŀ � ŀ- Ŀ ` ŀ- Ŀ B ŀ- Ŀ b ŀ 2i 2M+Q`2 /2b ;mBHH2K2ibV- TQm` T�`H2` /2 +2 KQi 2i TQm`/B`2 [mǶBH �TT�ìB2Mi ¨ H� H�M;m2 7`�MÏ�Bb2- 2i+X PM miBHBb2 /2b KQib TQm` T�`H2` /2b +?Qb2b 2i /2bMQKb /2 +2b KQib TQm` T�`H2` /2b KQibX _B2M M2 MQmb 2KTā+?2 /2 +`û2` /2b MQKb TQm` /2b KQib-2M #�TiBb�Mi Ŀ E�`H ŀ- T�` 2t2KTH2- KQM KQi T`û7û`û UĿ S�`Bb ŀVX úi�Mi /QMMû +2 #�TiāK2- BH 2bi+Q``2+i /2 /B`2 [m2 E�`H 2bi mM KQi /2 H� H�M;m2 7`�MÏ�Bb2- [m2 DǶmiBHBb2 E�`H TQm` K2 `û7û`2` ¨S�`Bb- 2i+X JāK2 bB /2 i2HH2b biBTmH�iBQMb bQMi TQbbB#H2b- 2HH2b M2 bQMi T�b 7`û[m2Mi2b , QM miBHBb2;ûMû`�H2K2Mi H2b ;mBHH2K2ib TQm` i`�Mb7Q`K2` MǶBKTQì2 [m2HH2 2tT`2bbBQM 2M mM MQK /2 +2ii22tT`2bbBQMXG2b ;mBHH2K2ib MQmb b2`p2Mi �mbbB ¨ T�`H2` /ǶmM2 �mi`2 H�M;m2 [m2 +2HH2 [m2 MQmb miBHBbQMb /�MbH� T?`�b2 +QM+2`Mû2X *QMbB/û`QMb H� T?`�b2 bmBp�Mi2 ,

URXNV S�`Bb 2bi mM2 pBHH2 #2�miB7mHX

2i i`BpB�H2 [m2 H2b ;mBHH2K2ib- MQmb p2``QMb mM2 �mi`2 miBHBiû /2 H� T?BHQbQT?B2 /m H�M;�;2X 1M 7�Bi- BH b2K#H2TH�mbB#H2 [mǶ�m KQBMb mM2 T�ìB2 /2b 7QM+iBQMb �Miû`B2m`2K2Mi �ii`B#mû2b �mt ;mBHH2K2ib bQMi �mDQm`/Ƕ?mB 2t2`+ûbT�` H2b ûKQiB+ƬM2b , bB DǶû+`Bb- T�` 2t2KTH2- Ŀ MQmb b�pQMb [mǶBH 2bi mM B/BQi c@V ŀ- D2 T`û+Bb2 H2 +�`�+iĕ`2 B`QMB[m2/2 HǶ�ii`B#miBQM /2 HǶB/BQiB2 T�` H2 bvK#QH2 [mB H� bmBiX G2b T?BHQbQT?2b- +QKK2 T�` 2tX :2Q`;2 "QQHQb URNN8- 9yy-MX eV- ûi�B2Mi +QMb+B2Mi /2 +2ii2 TQbbB#BHBiû- KāK2 �p�Mi HǶŁ BMp2MiBQM ł /2b ûKQiB+ƬM2bX

eNX Ŀ J2MiBQMM2` ŀ MǶ2bi /QM+ T�b miBHBbû �m b2Mb /2 Ŀ +Bi2` ŀ- K�Bb �m b2Mb /2 Ŀ /ûbB;M2` ŀ- Ŀ 7�B`2 K2MiBQM /2 ŀQm Ŀ T�`H2` /2 ŀX J�H?2m`2mb2K2Mi- BH 2tBbi2 mM �mi`2 mb�;2 i2+?MB[m2 2M HBM;mBbiB[m2 b2HQM H2[m2H Ŀ K2MiBQM ŀ/ûbB;M2 H2 bi�imi /ǶmM bB;M2 �miQMvK2X

je RX AMi`Q/m+iBQM

*2ii2 T?`�b2 MǶ�TT�ìB2Mi MB �m 7`�MÏ�Bb- MB ¨ HǶ�M;H�Bb Ĝ 2HH2 MǶ2bi T�b #B2M 7Q`Kû2Xdy G� T?`�b2bmBp�Mi2- +2T2M/�Mi- 2bi #B2M 7Q`Kû2 2i 2bi mM2 T?`�b2 /m 7`�MÏ�Bb ,

URXRRV G2 KQi Ŀ #2�miB7mH ŀ 2bi miBHBbû TQm` /B`2 /ǶmM2 +?Qb2 [mǶ2HH2 2bi DQHB2X

G� bmBi2 /2 H2ii`2b ⟨ Ŀ - #- 2- �- m- i- B- 7- m- H- ŀ ⟩ 2bi mM KQi /m 7`�MÏ�Bb- mM MQK /ǶmM +2ì�BMKQi /Ƕ�M;H�BbX LQmb TQmpQMb +QMbi�i2` [m2 H2b ;mBHH2K2ib MQmb b2`p2Mi ¨ `2M/`2 +Q?û`2Mi2b /2bT?`�b2b ¨ T`2KBĕ`2 pm2 K�H 7Q`Kû2bXdR

J�Bb H2b ;mBHH2K2ib +`û2Mi �mbbB H2m`b T`QT`2b /B{+mHiûbX *QMbB/û`QMb HǶ2tT`2bbBQM Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b�T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ UĿ �TT2M/2/ iQ Bib QrM [mQi�iBQM ŀVXdj 1HH2 MQmb /QMM2 mM bB;M2 [mB b2 /ûMQi2HmB@KāK2- +Ƕ2bi@¨@/B`2 ĿĿ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ- +QKK2 QMT2mi pQB` +B@/2bbQmb ,

Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM= Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ �DQmiû ¨ H� +Bi�iBQM /2 Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ= Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ �DQmiû ¨ ĿĿ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀŀ= ĿĿ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ

*2ii2 +?�ŗM2 /ǶB/2MiBiûb T2mi āi`2 DmbiB}û2 +QKK2 bmBi , H2 bB;M2 ĿĿ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ�DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ U[mB 2bi +QKTQbû2 /2 /Qmx2 KQibV 2bi HǶ2tT`2bbBQM [mB �DQmi2Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ ¨ H� +Bi�iBQM /2 +2ii2 2tT`2bbBQM UT`2KBĕ`2 B/2MiBiûVX G� +Bi�iBQM/2 Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ 2bi HǶ2tT`2bbBQM /ûMQiû2 T�` ĿĿ �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀŀXJ�Bb �HQ`b +Ƕ2bi HǶ2tT`2bbBQM [mB �DQmi2 b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM �m MQK /2 HǶ2tT`2bbBQM Ŀ �DQmiû ¨ b�T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ Ui`QBbBĕK2 B/2MiBiûVX G2 `ûbmHi�i- +2T2M/�Mi- 2bi BM[mBûi�Mi , SmBb[m2 BH � H�7Q`K2 Ŀ a 4 Ŀ a ŀŀ- Ŀ a ŀ 2bi mM2 2tT`2bbBQM [mB b2 /ûMQi2 2HH2@KāK2X *2+B- +2T2M/�Mi- MǶ2bi[m2 `�`2K2Mi H2 +�b 2i T2mi 2Mi`�ŗM2` /2b +QMbû[m2M+2b T�`�/Qt�H2bXd9

dyX *2+B M2 p2mi T�b /B`2 [m2 HǶQM M2 +QKT`2MM2 T�b [m2H[m2 +?Qb2 2M 2Mi2M/�Mi +2ii2 T?`�b2 Qm- T�` 2t2KTH2-H� bmBp�Mi2 ,

URXRyV A7 T?BHQbQT?v /B/MǶi 2tBbi- b�B/ oQHi�B`2- BH 7�m/`�Bi HǶBMp2Mi2`XLû�MKQBMb BH bǶ�;Bi B+B /ǶmM2 +Bi�iBQM BKT`QT`2 , 2HH2 M2 MQmb BM7Q`K2 T�b bm` 2 [m2 oQHi�B`2 � 2t�+i2K2Mi /Bi UMB2t+Hmi [mǶBH T�`H�Bi �M;H�BbV Ĝ BH 7�m/`�Bi �DQmi2` /2b ;mBHH2K2ib TQm` +H�`B}2` b� T?`�b2X

dRX AH T2mi v �pQB` THmbB2m`b K�MBĕ`2b /2 K2ii`2 /2b ;mBHH2K2ibX *QMbB/û`2x H2 HBK2`B+Fdk bmBp�Mi /2 _B+?�`/*�ìr`B;?i U+7X "QQHQb- RNN8- jNkV ,

�++Q`/BM; iQ qX ZmBM2q?Qb2 pB2rb QM [mQi�iBQM �`2 }M2-"QbiQM M�K2b "QbiQM-�M/ "QbiQM M�K2b "QbiQM-"mi N /Q2bMǶi /2bB;M�i2 NX

G� i�+?2 2bi /2 TH�+2` H2b ;mBHH2K2ib /2 i2HH2 bQì2 [m2 H2 `ûbmHi�i bQBi +Q``2+i 2i BMiû`2bb�MiX AH 2tBbi2 THmbB2m`b7�ÏQMb /2 H2 7�B`2X

djX AH bǶ�;Bi B+B /m 7�K2mt T�`�/Qt2 /2 :`2HHBM; U+7X :`2HHBM; � L2HbQM- RNy3V /QMi MQmb `2T�`H2`QMb ¨ H� T�;2TX jkk /�Mb H� H2ÏQM R8X

d9X AH 2bi TQbbB#H2 /2 `2T`Q/mB`2 HǶ�`;mK2Mi [mB 2bi ¨ H� #�b2 /m 7�K2mt T�`�/Qt2 /2 :`2HHBM; ¨ HǶ�B/2 /m T`û/B+�iĿ Ę /QMM2 mM2 7�mbb2iû bB �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀX AH bm{i /2 b2 /2K�M/2` bB +2 T`û/B+�i bǶ�TTHB[m2 ¨ HmB@KāK2XaǶBH bǶ�TTHB[m2 /2 7�ÏQM `û~2tBp2- �HQ`b ĿĿ /QMM2 mM2 7�mbb2iû bB �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ /QMM2 mM2 7�mbb2iûbB �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ 2bi p`�B 2i H� T?`�b2 +Biû2 2bi 7�mbb2 +�` BH bǶ�;Bi /2 H� +Bi�iBQM /2 Ŀ /QMM2 mM27�mbb2iû bB �DQmiû ¨ b� T`QT`2 +Bi�iBQM ŀ bmBpB /2 +2 KāK2 T`û/B+�iX aB 2HH2 2bi 7�mbb2- 2HH2 2bi +2 [mǶ2HH2 /Bi /Ƕ2HH2 2i�HQ`b 2HH2 2bi p`�B2X G2b T�`�/Qt2b /2 +2 ivT2- v +QKT`Bb H2 T�`�/Qt2 /2 _mbb2HH- ûi�B2Mi ¨ H� #�b2 /2 HǶ2zQM/`2K2Mi/m T`Q;`�KK2 /Bi Ŀ HQ;BbiB[m2 ŀ /2 6`2;2 2i /2 H� 7�K2mb2 T`2mp2 /2 HǶBM+QKTHûim/2 /2 HǶ�`Bi?KûiB[m2 T�` :ƺ/2HURNjRVX *QMbmHi2x H2b b2+iBQMb U9XjV 2i UR8X8V `2bT2+iBp2K2Mi TQm` 2M b�pQB` THmbX

liBHBb�iBQM 2i K2MiBQM jd

SQBMib ¨ `2i2MB`RX G� HQ;B[m2 KQ/2`M2 � ûiû +`ûû2 T�` :QiiHQ# 6`2;2 2M R3dNXkX G� T?BHQbQT?B2 2bi H� b+B2M+2 /2b �`;mK2MibXjX G� HQ;B[m2 2bi HǶûim/2 /2b BM7û`2M+2b p�HB/2bX9X G� HQ;B[m2 TQ`i2 bm` mM H�M;�;2 bBKTHB}û- B/û�HBbû 2i 7Q`K2HX8X G� HQ;B[m2 T`QTQbBiBQMM2HH2 ûim/B2 H2b +QMM2+i2m`b T`QTQbBiBQMM2Hb [mB `2HB2Mi /2b T?`�b2b c

H� HQ;B[m2 /2b T`û/B+�ib ûim/B2 2M THmb H� [m�MiB}+�iBQM- H2b `2H�iBQMb 2i H2b 7QM+iBQMbXeX G� bvMi�t2 +QM+2`M2 H� 7Q`K2 /2b 2tT`2bbBQMb- H� bûK�MiB[m2- H2m`b bB;MB}+�iBQMb 2i H� T`�;@

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2i b� +QM+HmbBQM 7�mbb2XRyX AH 7�mi /BbiBM;m2` HǶmiBHBb�iBQM 2i H� K2MiBQM /2b KQib 2i K2ii`2 /2b ;mBHH2K2ib bB HǶQM p2mi

T�`H2` /ǶmM2 2tT`2bbBQM HBM;mBbiB[m2 2i MQM T�b /2 H� +?Qb2 [mǶ2HH2 `2T`ûb2Mi2X

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