Hcp amksØ hnZym-e-]-h¿Ø-\-߃ ^e-]-Z-ambpw Imcy-£-a-ambpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xn\v]Xn-

amk Bkq-XWw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.-hn-Zym-e-b-߃°v ]Xn-amk Bkq-X-W-Øn\v klm-b-I-

amb Ie-- ¿ NphsS \¬Ip∂p.-kvIq-fnse X\Xp ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ,-¢∫v ]h¿Ø-\-߃ ao‰nßv -Xo-

ø-Xn-Iƒ (F-kv.-B¿.Pn ao‰n-ßv,-bq-Wn‰v sSÃv Zn\w,-¢mkv ]n.-Sn.F Zn\w)F∂nh Ip´n-t®¿Øm¬

hnZym-eb Ie-- ¿ ]q¿Æ-am-bn.

P\p-hcn Zn\-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw ][m\ ]h¿Ø-\-߃ 1 ]pXp-h-’-c-∏n-dhn Ip´p-Im¿°v Biw-k-Iƒ

t\c¬,¢mkn¬ ]p-Xp-h-’-cm-tLmjw 1 A¥¿t±-iob kam-[m\ Zn\w

Akw-ªn- ]kwKw ,t]mÿ/D]-\ymk cN\

1 temI IpSpw-_-Zn\w IpSpw-_-kvt\lw ˛ A\p-`hw ]¶n-S¬, IpSpw-_-kvt\lw ]ta-b-ambn hcp∂ IY,-I-hnX Ah-X-cn-∏n-°¬

5 tZiob ]£n Zn\w ]mgvhkvXp-°ƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v ]£n,-]-£n-°qSv \n¿ΩmWw,]-£n-I-fpsS temIw knUn]Z¿i\w,NnXcN-\m-a-’cw

9 H.-N-¥p-ta-t\m≥ P∑-Zn-\w,

]pkvXI ]cn-N-bw,t\mh¬ N¿®,Poh-N-cn-X-°p-dn∏v Xøm-dm-°¬(hn-Zym-cwKw Iem-km-ln-Xy-thZn ]h¿Ø-\w)

9 ]hmkn `mc-Xob Zn\w Z£n-Wm-^n-°-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Km‘n-Pn-bpsS aS°w ˛kw-`-h-hn-h-cWw

10 hniz-lnµn Zn\w lnµn a©ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kvIqƒ/¢mkv Xe a’-c-߃

11 em¬ _l-Zq¿imkvXn Nc-a-Zn\w Akw-ªn-bn¬ hy‡n-]-cn-Nbw 12 tZiob bph-P-\-Zn\w A\p-kva-c-Ww,-]q¿h-hn-Zym¿∞n kwK-

aw,-tk-h\ \n¿ΩmW ]h¿Ø-\-߃ Gs‰-Sp-°¬

15 C¥y≥ B¿an Zn\w kmaq-ly-imkvX Iznkv ,knUn ]Z¿i-\w,-ho-c-P-hm-∑m¿°p≈ BZcw

16 Ipam-c-\m-im≥ Nc-a-Zn\w Bim≥ A\p-kva-cWw Bim≥ Ihn-Xm-em-]\w Ihn-Xm-c-N\m inev]-ime

18 am¿´n≥ eqX¿Inßv P∑-Zn\w Poh-N-cn-X-°p-dn∏v Xøm-dm-°¬,km-aqlyimkvX-¢∫v ]h¿Ø-\-߃

23 t\XmPn kp`m-jvN-µ-t_mkv P∑-Zn\w km-aqlyimkvX-¢∫v ]h¿Ø-\-߃˛ ^nenw tjm,-N-cn-X,-Nn-X,-hm¿Ø/B¬hw ]Z¿i\w

25 tUm.-]¬∏p Nc-a-Zn\w Poh-N-cn-X-°p-dn∏v Xøm-dm-°¬,-A-\p-kva-cW ]`m-jWw

25 tZiob hnt\m-Z-k-©mc Zn\w C¥y,tIcfw hnt\m-Z-k-©m-c-tI-µ-ß-fpsS t^mt´m,-knUn ]Z¿i-\w,-Izn-kvt]m-Kmw.

26 dn-∏-ªn°v Zn\w Akw-ªn,-]-ivt\m-Ø-cn,-C¥y≥ kzmX-¥y-k-acw knUn ]Z¿i\w,_p-≈-‰n≥ t_m¿Uv Hcp-°¬,-kvIqƒ ]m¿e-sa‚v ]h¿Ø-\w,-t^mt´m ]Z¿i\w

28 em-em-e-P-]Øv dmbv P∑-Zn\w A\p-kva-cW ]`m-jWw 30 c‡km£n-Zn-\w

Akwªn ]Xn-⁄,-Km‘n A\p-kva-c-Ww,-Km‘n Iznkv

30 tZ-iob ipNn-Xz-Zn\w kvIqƒ ipNnXz ]h¿Ø-\-߃ Gs‰-Sp-°¬(¢o≥ kvIqƒ ]≤Xn ]h¿Ø\w XpS¿®),kvIqƒ ipNnXz t]meo-kn\v BZ-cw,-t]m-ÿ cN\ a’cw

30 temI e]kn Zn\w BtcmKy t_m[-h¬°-c-W-¢mkv hni-Zmwiw

H.N¥p-ta-t\m≥˛P\-\w˛1847 P\p-hcn 7\v 1899 sk]vX-º¿am-k-Øn¬ 52 mw hb-kn¬ A¥-cn-®p.-e-

£-W-bp-‡-amb BZy ae-bm-f-t\m-hemb Cµp-te-J-bpsS I¿Øm-hv,-im-cZ as‰mcp t\mh-em-

Wv.hnth-Im-\µ Pb¥n ˛ 1863 P\p-hcn 12 \v kzman hnth-Im-\-µ≥ P\n-®p.-hn-iz-]-kn-≤-\mb

C¥y-°m-c≥,-`m-c-X-Øns‚ kmwkv°m-cnI \thm-∞m-\-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬Inb bph ]Xn-

`.1893¬ Ata-cn-°-bnse Nn°m-tKm-bn¬ sh®v \S-Ønb ]kwKw At±-l-Øns‚ ]ikvXn

h¿[n-∏n-®p.-I¬°-Ø-°-SpØ t_eq-cn¬ iocm-a-IrjvW anj≥ ÿm]n-®p.1902 Ppsse \men\v 40

mw hb-kn¬ A¥-cn-®p.-A-t±-l-Øns‚ P∑-Zn\w tPiob bph-P-\-Zn-\-ambn sIm- m-Sp∂p

Ipam-c-\m-im≥ ˛ (1873˛1924)ae-bmf Ihn-X-bn¬ Imev]-\nI hk-¥-Øn\v XpS°w Ipdn® Ihn.-

Ip-am-c-\m-im≥ kmaqly ]cn-jv°¿Ømhp IqSn-bm-Wv.-]-[m\ IrXn-Iƒ \fn\n ,eo-e,-]-tcm-Z-\w,-

Xn-¥m-hn-jvS-bmb koX,-I-cp-W,-]p-jv]-hm-Sn,-h-\-ame XpS-ßn-b-h.]√\ t_m -]-I-S-Øn¬ 1924 ¬

At±lw \sΩ hn´p-]n-cn-™p.

dn∏-ªn°v Zn\w ˛ kzm-X¥yw ,k-a-Xzw,-km-tlm-Z-cyw,-Xp-√y-\oXn F∂n-h-bn-eq∂n C¥y-°mbn Hcp

`c-W-L-S\ Fgp-Xn-bp-- m-°m≥ 1946 ¬ 385 t]¿ AwK-ß-fmb `c-W-L-S\m \n¿ΩmW k` cq]o-

I-cn-°p-I-bp-- m-bn.-tUm.-cm-tPµ ]km-Zns‚ A[y-£-X-bn¬ 1946 Unkw-_¿ 9 \v k` tNcp-Ibpw

c- v h¿jw 11 amkw 17 Znhkw sIm- v tUm.-Aw-t_-Zv°-dns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Ønep≈ IΩn‰n `c-W-

L-S-\-bpsS IcSv cq]w Fgp-Xn-bp-- m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.1949 \h-º¿ 26 \v `c-W-L-S\m \n¿ΩmW

k` `c-W-L-S\ AwKo-I-cn-®p.-C-¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨Kkv ]q¿W-kzm-X-¥y-Øn-\p≈

]tabw ]mkm-°nb Zn\-Øns‚ 20 mw hm¿jn-I-\m-fmb 1950 P\p-hcn 26 \v `c-W-L-S\ \S-∏m-°n-

s°m- v C¥y dn∏-ªn-°m-bn.

c‡-km£n Zn\w ˛ (P-\p-hcn 30)

1948 P\p-hcn 30 sh≈n-bmgvN alm-flm-Km‘n h[n-°-s∏´ Znhkw c‡-km-£n-Zn-\-ambn BN-

cn®p hcp-∂p.