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S. D. BurmanFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sachin Dev Burman

Background information

Native name

Also known

as

Burman da, Kumar Sachindra Dev

Barman, Sachin Karta, S. D. Burman

Born 1 October 1906

Comilla, Bengal Presidency,

(now Bangladesh)

Died 31 October 1975 (aged 69)

Bombay, Maharashtra, India

Occupations Composer, singer

Sachin Dev Burman(1 October 1906 31 October 1975) was an Indian music composer. He wasone of the most well-renowned Bollywoodmusic directors. S D Burman composed music for 100movies, including Hindi andBengali films.

[citation needed]Apart from being a versatile composer, he also

sang songs in the folk style of Tripura. His Son Rahul Dev Burmanwas also a music director.

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S.D. Burman's compositions have been mainly sung to a large extent by the likes of LataMangeshkar, Mohammed Rafi, Geeta Dutt, Manna Dey, Kishore Kumar, Hemant Kumar,AshaBhosleand Shamshad Begum. Mukeshand Talat Mahmoodhave also sung songs composed byhim. He also sang about 20 film songs.

Contents

[hide]

1 Background

2 Education

3 1930s

4 1940s

5 1950s

6 1960s

7 1970s

8 Relationship With Kishore Kumar

9 Cultural references 10 Filmography

11 Awards and recognitions

12 References

13 External links

Background[edit]

Sachin's abandoned house in Comilla

Burman was born on 1 October 1906, in Comilla, British India, now in Bangladeshto RajkumariNirmala Devi, princess of Manipurand Nabadwipchandra Dev Burman, son of MaharajaIshanachandra Manikya Dev Burman, Maharaja of Tripura, (r. 18491862). His father was from the

royal family of Tripura while his mother was from the Manipuri-speaking Mantribari family ofDhaleshwar Agrtala. Sachin was the youngest of the five sons of his parents, who had nine childrenin all.

Education[edit]

Burman completed his BA from Comilla Victoria Collegeand MA from Calcutta University[1]

Hestarted his formal music education by training under the musician K. C. Deyfrom 1925 to 1930;thereafter in 1932 he came under the tutelage ofBhismadev Chattopadhaya, who was only three

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years his senior. This was followed by training from Kahifa Badal Khan,Sarangiplayer, and UstadAllauddin Khan.

[2]Eventually he got K.C. Dey, Ustad Badal Khan and Allauddin Khan intoAgartala,

noted Bengal poet laureate, Kazi Nazrul Islamalso spent time in their family home, Comilla House,inAgartalaand Comilla.

1930s[edit]

Burman started working as a radio singer on Calcutta Radio Station in 1932, where his early workwas based on Bengali folk-music, and soon made a reputation for himself in folk and light classicalmusic, consequently his film compositions were often influenced by his huge repertory of folk-tunesfrom the Bengali, Bhatiali, Sariand Dhamailfolk traditions of Bangladesh.His music also bore heavyinfluences of Rabindra sangeet and Nazrul Geeti. In the same year, his first record was alsoreleased (Hindustan Musical Product), with "Khamaj" semi classical, E Pathery Aaj Eso Priyoon oneside and the folk Dakle Kokil Roj Bihaneon the reverse side" on 78 rpm for Hindustan Records.

[3]In

the following decade he reached his peak as a singer, cutting as many as 131 songs in Bengali, andalso sang for composers like Himangsu Dutta, RC Boral, Nazrul Islam and Sailesh Das Gupta.

[4]

In 1934, he attended the All India Music Conference, at the invitation ofAllahabad University, wherehe presented his Bengali Thumri, all to an illustrious audience, with the likes of Vijaya Lakshmi

Panditand the inimitableAbdul Karim KhanofKirana Gharana. Later in the year, he was invited toBengal Music Conference, Kolkata, which was inaugurated byRabindranath Tagore, here again hesang his thumri, and was awarded a Gold Medal.

[4]

He built a house, in Southend Park, Ballygunge, Kolkata, and in 1937, at the All India MusicConference, Allahabad, he met a music student at Rabindranath Tagores Shantiniketan, MeeraDasgupta (19232007), the granddaughter of Justice Raibahadur Kamalnath Dasgupta from Dhaka;soon she became his student and they married on 10 February 1938 in Calcutta, [5][6]thoughaccording to some,having married a non-royal, created a furore within the royal family, andsubsequently he severed his ties with the family, and forfeited his inheritance.

[7][8]According to some

others, S.D.Burman severed his ties with the royal family because he was frustrated with the unjustand unfair treatment meted out to his father and his brothers by the royal family of Tripura.Thecouple's only child, Rahul Dev Burmanwas born in 1939, and later, both Meera Devi and Rahul

assisted, S.D. Burman with some of the musical compositions.

[9][10]

S. D. Burman also did a singingrole in Urdufilm Selima(1934) and another role in Dhiren Ganguli's film, Bidrohi(1935)[2]

As a music composer, he started with Bengali plays, Sati Tirthaand Janani, and eventually gave hisfirst score in film,Rajgeein 1937, his second film Rajkumarer Nirbashan(1940) became a hit, therewas no turning back after that. He gave successful music in Bengalifilms like, JevaanSangini, Protishodh(1941),Abhoyer Biye(1942), and Chaddobeshi(1944), he continued givingmusic in Bengali cinema, even after he moved to Mumbai in 1944, and started the second inning ofhis musical career, giving music for over 17 Bengali films in the all.

[4]

He made his film debut singing in Yahudi ki Ladki(1933) but the songs were scrapped and re-sungby Pahari Sanyal. His first film as a singer was finally Sanjher Pidim(1935).

1940s[edit]

In 1944, Burman moved to Mumbai, at the request of Sasadhar Mukherjee of Filmistan, who askedhim to give score for twoAshok Kumarstarrers, Shikari(1946) andAath Din,

[11]but his first major

breakthrough came the following year with the company's Do Bhai(1947). The song Mera SundarSapna Beet Gayasung by Geeta Duttwas his breakthrough song into the film industry. In 1949,came Shabnam, his biggest hit yet with Filmistan, especially noticeable for its multi-lingual hitsongYeh Duniya Roop ki Chor, by Shamshad Begum, which became a rage in those days [12]

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1950s[edit]

Disillusioned with the materialism of Mumbai, Burman left theAshok Kumarstarred Mashaal(1950)incomplete and decided to board the first train back to Calcutta. Fortunately, he was dissuaded fromdoing so.

In 1950s, Burman teamed up with Dev Anand's Nav Ketan Productions to create musical hitslike Taxi Driver, Nau do Gyarah (1957) and Kala Paani(1958). In addition, he gave musicfor Munimji(1955) and Paying Guest(1957). The songs sung byMohammed Rafiand KishoreKumarbecame popular. Burman da composed the music for Dev Anand's productioncompanyNavketan's first filmAfsar(1950). With the success of their second film, Baazi(1951) hemade it to the top and a long association with Navketan and Dev Anandwas on its way. "Baazi"'s

jazzy musical score revealed a new facet of singer Geeta Dutt, who was mainly known formelancholy songs and bhajans. While every song in the film was a hit, one stood out for specialappeal "Tadbir se Bigdi Hui Taqdeer", a ghazalthat was occidentalised into a seductive song.The'jaal' song 'Yeh raat Yeh chandni' by Hemant Kumar is an all time great classic.

He also wrote music for the Guru Duttclassics Pyaasa(1957) and Kaagaz Ke Phool(1959). Thesoundtrack of Devdas(1955) was also composed by him. House No. 44(1955), Funtoosh(1956),and Solva Saal(1958) were other S. D. Burman hits. In 1959 came Sujata, a masterpiece by Bimal

Roy, and S. D. created magic again with "Jalte hai jiske liye" by Talat Mamood.

When Guru Dutt made comparatively light-weight films like Baaziand Jaal(1952), Burmandareflected their mood with compositions like Suno Gajar Kya Gayeor De Bhi Chuke Humand whenGuru Dutt made his somber masterpieces Pyaasa(1957) and Kaagaz ke Phool(1959), he wasright on target with Jinhe Naaz Hai Hindand Waqt ne Kiya Kya Haseen Sitam. In 2004, thesoundtrack for Pyaasawas chosen as one of "The Best Music in Film" by Sight & Sound, theBritishFilm Institutemagazine.[13]

In 1957, S. D. Burman fell out with Lata Mangeshkarand adopted her younger sisterAsha Bhosleashis lead female singer. The team of S. D. Burman, Kishore Kumar,Asha Bhosleand lyricist MajroohSultanpuribecame popular for their duet songs. Thus, he was responsible along with O. P.Nayyarfor shapingAsha Bhosleas a singer of repute, who became his daughter-in-law after she

married Rahul Dev Burman.In 1958, S. D. Burman gave music for Kishore Kumar's house production Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi, thesame year he was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Awardfor Music direction of Lajwanti andremains the only music director to have won the prestigious award.

[14]

1960s[edit]

Early on in his career, Burman refused to allow his voice be lip-synced on film by actors,[4]as aresult, even later on, in Hindi cinema, his thin yet powerful voice was often usedas bardiccommentary to haunting results, as in Ore Majhi Mere Sajan Hai UsPaarBandini(1963), Wahaan Kaun hai Terafrom "Guide" (1965) and finally Safal Hogi Teri

AradhanafromAradhana(1969),[15]

for which he received the National Film Award for Best MalePlayback Singerfor the year, 1970 .

Ill health caused a slump in his career in the early 1960s but he gave many hit films in late 1960s. In1961, S. D. Burman andLata Mangeshkarcame together during the recording of R.D. Burman's firstsong for the movie Chhote Nawab(1961). They reconciled their differences and started workingagain in 1962.

The Dev Anand-S. D. Burman partnership, under Navketan banner, continued to churn out musicalhits like Bombai Ka Baboo(1960), Tere Ghar Ke Samne(1963), Teen Devian(1965), Guide(1965)and Jewel Thief(1967). In 1963, he composed songs for Meri Surat Teri Aankhenand MannaDeysang the song "Poocho Na Kaise Maine" in ragaAhir Bhairav. This song is based on a Bengali

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composition by Kazi Nazrul Islam,Aruno-kaanti ke go jogi bhikaari, based on ragabhairavi(morningragaa). That movie also had a song, 'Nache Mann Mora Magan',sung by Rafi,which songs SachinDa's capability to compose classical songs.

Other S D Burman hits from this period were Bandini(1963) and Ziddi(1964). In Bandini,Sampooran Singh (well known asGulzar), made his debut as a lyricist with the song "Mora Gora Anglai le, mohe shaam rang daai de", although other songs were written by Shailendra. Guide(1965)starring Dev Anand, was probably the best[citation needed]of his work during the time with all the songssuper hit as well as the film; but unfortunately it did not receive the Filmfare Awardin best musicdirector category for that year, which remained always a discussion among the Bollywood filmpandits.

Aradhana(1969) is considered a landmark score in the Bollywood history. The music of the movieshaped the careers of singer Kishore Kumar, lyricistAnand Bakshi, filmmaker Shakti Samantaand R.D. Burman(associate music director). For the song "Mere Sapno ki raani", Sachin Dev madeR.D play the mouth organ

[citation needed].Dev Anandand S. D. Burman continued their musical

partnership in Prem Pujari(1969).

S. D. Burman was a frank and outspoken man, with a strong sense of self-pride. He openly criticisedpeople whom he disliked or whose abilities he suspected (like the singer Mukesh).

[citation needed]But he

was widely respected by the industry as a cranky genius.There was a time when LataMangeshkarrefused to sing duets with Mohammed Rafidue to a dispute arising from sharing ofroyalty, and it was at the insistence of S. D. Burman, the two decided to reconcile, and again singduets together.

1970s[edit]

Tere Mere Sapne(1971), Sharmeelee(1971),Abhimaan(1973), PremNagar(1974), Sagina(1974), Chupke Chupke(1975), and Mili(1975) are other classics from thisperiod.

S D Burman went into a coma soon after rehearsing the song Badi sooni sooni(sung by KishoreKumar) for the film Mili. He died on 31 October 1975 in Mumbai.

On 1 October 2007, marking his 101st birth anniversary, India postal departmentreleased acommemorative postage stamp, inAgartala, where an exhibition on his life and work was alsoinaugurated; the state government of Tripura, also confers the yearly, 'Sachin Dev Burman Memorial

Award' in Music[16][17]

Relationship With Kishore Kumar[edit]

Sachin Da was the only composer who had used both Kishore and Rafi in almost equal number ofsongs. He regarded Kishore as his second son. Kishore confessed that it was Sachin Da, who hadgiven him the first chance. Even after the rehearsal of Badi Sooni Sooni from Milli, when Sachin Dahad a stroke, Kishore went up to the hospital and said to him that "Dada, Please don't worry, yourrecording is after three days, you just see how well it goes..", and the song is considered as one ofthe best songs of Kishore Kumar. Sachin Da also used to telephone Kishore in the dead of night andon the telephone, he would start to sing the new tunes which he composed and ask Kishore to singwith him.

Cultural references[edit]

British singer of South Asian heritage, Najma Akhtar, recorded a Shanachie RecordsCD ofBurman's work, Forbidden Kiss: The Music of S.D. Burman,an album of covers of Burmancompositions.

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The Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkarwas named after the composer by Sachin's grandfather, whowas an ardent fan of Burman.

The singer and mimicry artist Sudesh Bhonslefrequently parodies the nasal high-pitched voice andquixotic singing style of S. D. Burman.

Burman paired with tabla maestro late Brajen Biswas for his Bengali songs. The beats or 'thekas'

created by Brajen Babu for these songs are unique and no one in the world can sing these songs inthe original 'thekas'. All the thekas are according to the mood of the songs. But recently, painter,sculptor and singer Ramita Bhaduri sang the tough songs of Burman like 'Ami chhinu aka','Rangeela', 'Aankhi Duti Jhare' etc. in the original theka on the taleem of Brajen Biswas. The CDfrom 'Raga Music' (Symphony) was released at Kolkata Press Club. The CDs are available in M.Biswas & Symphony.

Burman had a unique style of composing film songs. While most of the composers used harmoniumor piano to compose the tune, he composed tunes using rhythm such as clapping hands. He wasvery fond of "Paan" (Beetle leaf) and would not share the same with anybody.

[citation needed]

Filmography[edit]

Sudurer Priye(1935)

Rajgee(1937)

Jakher Dhan(1939)

Amar Geeti(1940)

Nari(1940)

Rajkumarer Nirbashan(1940)

Pratishodh(1941)

Ashok(1942)

Avayer Biye(1942)

Jibon Sangini(1942)

Mahakavi Kalidas(1942)

Milan(1942) Jajsaheber Nathni(1943)

Chhadmabeshi(1944)

Maatir Ghar(1944)

Pratikar(1944)

Kalankini(1945)

Matrihara(1946)

Eight Days(1946)

Shikari(1946)

Dil Ki Rani(1947)

Do Bhai(1947)

Chittor Vijay(1947) Vidya(1948)

Shabnam(1949)

Kamal(1949)

Mashaal/ Samar (In Bengali)(1950)

Afsar(1950) (Navketan's first production)

Pyar(1950)

Buzdil(1951)

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Sazaa(1951)

Naujawan(1951)

Baazi(1951)

Bahar(1951)

Ek Nazar(1951)

Jaal(1952)

Lal Kunwar(1952)

Armaan(1953)

Shahenshah(1953)

Babla(1953)

Jeevan Jyoti(1953)

Taxi Driver(1954)

Angaarey(1954)

Radha Krishna(1954)

Chalis Baba Ek Chor(1954)

Devdas(1955)

Munimji(1955)

House No.44(1955) Society(1955)

Mad Bhare Nain(1955)

Funtoosh(1956)

Paying Guest(1957)

Pyaasa(1957)

Nau Do Gyarah(1957)

Miss India(1957)

Solva Saal(1958)

Lajwanti(1958)

Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi(1958)

Kala Pani(1958) Sitaron Se Aage(1958)

Sujata(1959)

Kaagaz Ke Phool(1959)

Insaan Jaag Utha(1959)

Manzil(1960)

Kala Bazar(1960)

Bombai Ka Babu(1960)

Miyan Biwi Razi(1960)

Apna haath jagannath(1960)

Bewaqoof(1960)

Ek Ke Baad Ek(1960)

Baat Ek Raat Ki(1962)

Dr.Vidya(1962)

Naughty Boy(1962)

Bandini(1963)

Meri Surat Teri Ankhen(1963)

Tere Ghar Ke Samne(1963)

Ziddi(1964)

Kaise Kahoon(1964)

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Benazir(1964)

Teen Devian(1965)

Guide(1965)

Jewel Thief(1967)

Talash(1969)

Aradhana(1969)

Jyoti(1969)

Prem Pujari(1970)

Ishq Par Zor Nahin(1970)

Gambler(1971)

Naya Zamana(1971)

Sharmilee(1971)

Chaitali (Bengali Film)(1971)

Tere Mere Sapne(1971)

Yeh Gulistan Hamara(1972)

Zindagi Zindagi(1972)

Anuraag(1972)

Abhimaan(1973) Jugnu(1973)

Chhupa Rustam(1973)

Phagun(1973)

Us Paar(1974)

Prem Nagar(1974)

Sagina(1974)

Chupke Chupke(1975)

Mili(1975)

Barood(1976)

Arjun Pandit(1976)

Tyaag(1976) Deewangee(1976) only one song, remaining songs were composed byRavindra Jain

Aradhana (Bengali Film)(1976)

Saaz(Unreleased)