seerah life of prophet muhammad (pbuh) · 2020. 8. 27. · seerah – life of prophet muhammad...

Seerat: Level 3 - (English), Jubail Da’wah Centre 1

SEERAH – Life of Prophet MUHAMMAD (PBUH)

LEVEL – 3

From 1 Hijri to 11 Hijri

حسانمدرسة ال

المكتب التعاوني للدعوة والإرشاد وتوعية الجاليات بالجبيل

AL-EHSAN SCHOOL

JUBAIL DA’WAH CENTER, SAUDI ARABIA

NAME

Roll Number

Contact number

Date


CONTENTS

Lesson

No.

Year

(AH)

SUBJECT Page

1 --- RECAP of 13 years in Makkah 3

2 1.3 Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) arrives in Madinah 4

3 2.3

2.9

Change of Qiblah

Battle of BADR

7

8

4 3.10 Battle of UHD 13

5 4.2

4.3

Incident of RAJI & Bir MA’UNA

Banu NUZAIR Exiled

18

18

6 5.10

5.11

Battle of AHZAB

Battle of QURAIZA

19

21

7

6.8

6.11

Battle of Banu MUSTALIQ

HUDAYBIA Treaty

LETTERS of invitation to Head of States

22

23

26

8 7.1 Conquest of KHAIBAR 27

9

10

10

8.3

8.9

8.10

Battle of MU’TAH

Conquest of MAKKAH

Battle of HUNAIN

29

31

34

11 9.7 Invasion of TABUK 35

12 10.12 The Farewell Pilgrimage 37

13 11.3 The Journey to Allah 39

14 --- The Prophet (Peace be upon him), Attributes & Manners 41

In Year column 1.3 means: 1 AH and 3rd month (Rabiul awwal)


RECAP for 1 to 14 Nabvi

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Three years of

Secret call

Social Boycott: Starts

Bait-ul AQABA-I

Bait-ul AQABA-II

Hamza & Umar

embrace ISLAM

Visit to

T a i f Isra & Miraj

Migration to Medinah

END of Social Boycott

Year of Sorrow

1st Migration to Abyssinia, (12+4) 2nd Migration to Abyssinia, (82+19)


Arrival in MEDINAH Friday 12th Rabi Al-Awwal 1 AH., September 27th 622 A.D

The Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) arrived in Medinah on Friday, 12th Rabi Al-Awwal 1 AH., i.e. September 27th 622 A.D. Everyone wanted him to stay at his place. But Prophet (pbuh) said ‘Let the she-camel go her own way, for she is under the command of Allah’. Eventually the she-camel knelt near Abu Ayub Ansari house where he stayed for few months.

Masjid-e-Nabvi

Masjid-e-Nabvi The first task to which Prophet (pbuh) undertook was the construction of a Mosque, at the site where his she-camel knelt. The land was purchased from two orphans. Prophet (pbuh) himself contributed to building the Mosque by carrying adobe bricks and stones. Two beams were also erected to hold the ceiling up. It was square in form, each side measuring approximately 100 yards.

Mutual brotherhood

After settling down in Medinah, first thing Prophet (pbuh) did was to tie An-Ansar & al-Muhajireen into one brotherhood. A unique example of brotherhood in the history of our world.

• Ansars shared everything they had. Ninety men, half of whom were Emigrants and the other Helpers assembled in the house of Anas bin Malik. Two persons were paired as brothers and if any one of them would pass away, his property was inherited by his brother-in-faith. This practice continued till Allah revealed the rules of inheritance.

• Sa‘d bin Ar-Rabi, a Helper, said to his fellow brother Abdur Rahman bin Awf, “I am the richest man amongst the Helpers. I am glad to share my property half and half with you. I have two wives; I am ready to divorce one and after the completion of her ‘Iddah’ you may marry her.”

Prophet pbuh) said:

البخاري ومسلم۔ "المسلم من سلم المسلمون من لسانه ويده "

The Muslim is that one from whose tongue & hands the Muslims are safe”

صلى الله عليه وسلم ( ، ومسلم 13البخاري ) ۔ "ل يؤمن أحدكم، حتى يحب لخيه ما يحب لنفسه " عن أنس عن النبي

None amongst you believe (truly) till one likes for his brother that which he loves for himself

مسلم " ۔ ل يدخل الجنة من ل يأمن جاره بوائقه "

He will not enter Paradise; whose neighbor is not secure from the wrongful conduct. (Muslim)

Treaty: Prophet (pbuh) made a treaty with Jews with clauses that provided full freedom in faith and

wealth and both will defend Medinah if attacked by third party. Medinah now turned into a coalition

state, with Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) as the head of state.

MEDINAH:

The wisdom & leadership of prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم and Allah’s commandments made the people of

Medinah as the best of all people; we call them Sahaba, the companions of prophet Muhammad

(pbuh).


Ansaar, Muhajireen and Jews tribes in Medinah

Abdullah bin Ubai was almost given the presidency of Khizraj & Aws tribes, but this was foiled by the arrival of prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم. After the battle of Badr he accepted Islam but remained as Munafiq.

JEWS in Medinah

1. Umm ul momineen Safiyya daughter of Huyayy bin Akhtab said: I was the closest child of my father. When Safiyya bint Huyayy came to Quba, my father and my uncle Abu Yasir bin Akhtab went to see him. They returned walking lazily with signs of grief. I heard my uncle Abu Yasir asking Ubai & Huyayy; “Is it really he (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم). The former said: “it is he, I swear by Allah! Did you really recognize him? They asked. He answered “yes, and my heart is burning with enmity towards him”.

2. Story of Abdullah bin Salam: This happened on the first day when prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم stepped in Medinah. Abdullah bin Salam the most learned scholar amongst the Jews came to see prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم and asked few questions. On hearing the prophet’s answers, he immediately embraced Islam. And said that if his people (Jews) knew about my conversion to Islam, they will put false arguments against me. Some more Jews came in and before that Abdullah bin Salam hid behind the curtains. The incoming Jews testified that Abdullah bin salam is a scholar and son of a scholar and his virtues abilities. When Abdullah bin Salam came out the curtain and said that he has embraced Islam. On hearing this the Jews said, he is the most evils of all evils!

This was the first experience of prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم with Jews in Medinah.

About JEWS

Jews originated from Palestine. Though Egypt was one of the significant stages in the history of Jews.

Jews religion began at the time of Prophet Yaqoob (a.s). Prophet Yaqoob was also called ‘Israel’, meaning, Abdullah, the slave of Allah.

Land of Canaanites means Palestine. Yaqoob had 12 sons (from four wives), which the origin of Israelites tribes.

One of Yaqoob’s son was prophet Yusuf (a.s), who reached Egypt due to his brothers’ enmity. (Sura Yusuf 12:99).

Khizraj

Aws

Qainuqa

Nadheer

Quraiza

Muhajreen

Ansar

Munafiqeen

Brotherhood

Muhajireen

Jews

Kaa’b bin Asad

Sa’d bin Ma’az Huyayyi bin Akhtab

……………….…

………………….


Jews did not leave Egypt until they left Prophet Musa and after wandering in the wilderness for 40

years, they entered the holy land of Palestine, where they were ruled by Prophet Sulaiman (a.s), when

they had a glorious history.

After the death of Yaqoob & Yusuf, with the passage of time, situation changed from honor & respect to

Humiliation & disgrace. Because Pharaoh of Egypt (Firoun) persecuted & enslaved Israelites (ref 7:141).

Allah then sent Musa & Haroon (a.s) to Firoun, with miracles to call them to believe in Allah alone &

stop persecuting the bani Israel. Firoun rejected the message. Allah commanded Musa & bani Israel to

leave Egypt… Firoun & his army followed Musa & bani Israel, but they were drowned. Musa and his

people reached in the land of Sinai. Their belief has become corrupted, became stubborn, lazy careless

& disobedient to Allah’s command & His messenger. They said we will believe Allah if we see Him with

our own eyes (ref 2:55).

Allah also gave them shade from the cloud, food in the form of Manno Salwa and water springs.

When Musa went to meet Allah & receive Torat on mount as Sinai, they thought he was taking too long

to return and reverted to idolatry & took a calf for worship.

Following the Byzantine and Assyrian persecution campaigns they migrated to Al-Hijaz (Medinah).

Religiously, they showed no zeal; their most obvious religious commodity was fortunetelling, witchcraft

& the secret arts (blowing on knots). They excelled at the arts of earning money, trading & monopolized

trading in cereals, dates, wine, clothes, export & import. Usury was a common practice amongst them.

They used to sow seeds of dispute between tribes, hatch plots. Three famous tribes of Jews in Medinah

were:

• Banu Qainuqa

• Banu Nadheer

• Banu Quraizah

Why Jews did not accept Prophet (pbuh)?

• Because prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم originated from a different the race of prophet Ismael and not

from their race of Prophet Ishaq.

• Secondly, Islam came with a spirit to end enmity & hatred. Islam is a religion on peace, Love and

Justice. This was a conflict for Jews interests at both the social & economic levels.

This led to their enmity and hatred to Islam. Although they knew from Torat that the last messenger is

about to come and were waiting for this.

They used to take pride in Jews-Israeli origin and would consider Arabs as illiterate. Naive and

backwards. They believed it lawful to take money from others the way they liked. They would say:

“There is no blame on us to betray and take the properties of the illiterate (Arabs) 3:75”

ي ين سبيل قالوا ليس علينا في الم

They were active in fortune telling, witch craft & secret at (blowing knots). Excelled in the art of making

money & trading. Had a monopoly in trading cereal, dates, wine, clothes, hatching plots against Arabs,

lending money to Arabs for internal tribal warfare on heavy interest rates.

Qainuqah was ally to Khizraj. Nadher & Quraiza were ally to Aws (in suburbs of Medinah)


Change of QIBLA (2.3)

15 to 17 months after the migration to Medinah, in Shabaan 2 AH, i.e. February 624 A.D., Allah (swt) ordered to change the Qibla from Jerusalem to the Sacred Mosque in Makkah. At that time Prophet (pbuh) was praying in Masjid Qiblatain in Medinah.

Masjid Qiblatain

Aqsa Mosque (Bait ul Maqdas)

This the third holiest site for Muslims located in Jerusalem. It was the central to the lives of many Prophets.

During the journey of Israa & Miraaj Prophet (pbuh) was transported to this place where he led the congregational prayer for all the prophets that ever lived.

Ka’ba, Sacred Mosque in Makkah

Built by Prophet Ibrahim and Ismael about 2,000 years before the birth of Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم. When prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was 35 years of age, Ka’ba was rebuilt. At that time due to shortage of good money, “Hateem” was kept outside the original Ka’ba area.

When Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم turned to Kaaba, the Jews criticized (the words they said: Allah says in Quran):

هم عن قبلتهم التي كانوا عليها ۔سيقول السفهاء من الناس ما ول

The foolish among the people will say, "What has turned them away from their qibla, which they used to

face?

Allah answers them in Quran:

المش ستقيم قل لل البقرہ 142۔ رق والمغرب يهدي من يشاء إلى صراط م

" Say, "To Allah belongs the east and the west. He guides whom He wills to a straight path".

The change in Qibla offered several advantages to Muslims:

1. It brought about a kind of social separation from Jews.

2. Weak Muslims, Munafiq & Jews got exposed. Strong Muslims immediately accepted it.

3. Facing a new Qibla refers to a new role awaiting the Muslims to take up, and start their struggle

for the repatriation of Muslims to their Sacred City, Makkah. It was also a message of the

beginning of a new ERA in which this Qibla of Makkah is about to come under the Muslims

FASTING (2.8): in the month of Ramadan was prescribed for Muslims in 2 Hijri.


Battle of BADR (2.9) The First Most Decisive Battle in the History of ISLAM 2.9: (17 Ramadan 2 AH, Friday)

When Muslims migrated to Medinah, Quraishites of Makkah seized all their wealth & property,

detained family members and brutally tortured the socially humble in ranks. Now the Muslims of

Medinah were fully eligible to confiscate the wealth of those tyrant & the deter them from committing

any folly against the Muslims.

BACKGROUND:

• Mushrikeen wrote a threatening letter to Abdullah bin Ubai that he is the chief of Ansar and have

given protection to our people. Therefore, either you fight with them and expel them otherwise;

we will attack with full force; kill all your men and disgrace your women. On this Abdullah bin Ubai

gathered his people to fight the prophet. But Prophet’s timely intervention kept him away from

fighting.

• Sa’ad bin Ma’az went to Makkah for Umrah. Abu Jahl saw him & said; Had you not accompanied

Abu Sufyan, you would not have returned to Medinah. Sa’ad said in a loud voice: By Allah, if you

stop me from this, then I will stop you with something more severe (i.e. intercepting caravans

passing by Medinah...!)

• Threats from Quraysh that we will come to Medinah to destroy you. Prophet would sleep under

guard. Ayesha r.a tells this “One night Prophet was awake and said I wish some Pious person would

guard me tonight. In a while we heard the sound of (Jhankaar) arms, Prophet said who is he?... This

is Sa’ad bin abi Waqas. Prophet asked, how did you come? He said I feared about your safety, so I

came to guard you. Prophet made dua for him and then went to sleep.

Prophet was guarded every night and continued till Allah swt revealed يعصمك من النهاس 5:67 والله .

After which prophet told his companions to go home and Allah has protected me.

A trade caravan with goods on 1,000 camels worth thousands of gold dinars led by Abu Sufyan was

coming back from Syria to Makkah. About 300 Muslims from Medinah went to intercept them, but he

was able to escape. On this 1,000 Mushrikeen from Makkah vowed to fight with Muslims.

• After 1 H Ramadan several Sarya (A campaign in which prophet did not participate) & Ghazwa (A

campaign in which Prophet participated himself), took place, but there was no direct encounter

between Muslims and Mushrikeen.

Where Battle took place at BADR about 150 km SW of Medinah When Friday, 17 Ramadan 2 AH, (13 March 624 AD) Outcome Quraish had heavy loses & fled the battlefield. Their pride & arrogance was

destroyed.

FACTS MUSLIMS QURAISH Soldiers 300 (82-86 Muhajireen, 61 Aws, 170

from Khizraj) 1,000

Weapons 6 coats of armor, 8 swords 600 armored soldiers with weapons Camels/Horses 70 camels, 2 horses 700 camels, 300 horses Loses 14 martyrs 70 dead + 70 captives.

• General leadership Musab bin Umair (white flag)

• Emigrant group was led by: Ali bin Abi Talib

• Ansars group was led by: Saad bin Muadh


• Quraish would slaughter 9-10 camels everyday

• Iblis (Shaitan) appeared to them as Suraqa bin Malik (chief of Bani Kinana) saying: “I guarantee no

harm will happen from behind.”

In the three duels: ✓ Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib killed

Shaiba bin Rabea ✓ Ali ibn Abu Talib killed al-Waleed

bin Utbah ✓ Ubaidah was seriously wounded

against Utbah bin Rabea but before he fell, Hamzah fell upon Utbah and with a sweep of his sword, cut off his head.

Then a fierce battle broke out. With Allah’s help it was a decisive victory for the Muslims. This battle is also called “Yaum-ul-Furqan” because it separated the TRUTH & the FALSEHOOD. Bodies of 24 leaders of Quraish were thrown into one of the wells.

Battle Field of BADR (Friday 17 Ramadan 2 AH)

Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم spent whole night

(before the day of battle) in

prayer & supplication.

O Allah! If this group of

Muslims is defeated today,

YOU will no longer be

worshipped

……. ALLAH

sent ANGELS

for Help


➢ Surah Anfal (chapter 8) was revealed during Battle of Badr. "Al-Anfal" means "the spoils" and is a

reference to the post-battle discussion in the Muslim army over how to divide up the plunder

from the Quraish army.

➢ Bilal bin Rubah (r.a) killed his ex-master Umayya bin Khalf. He used to severely torture Bilal on

him embracing Islam!

➢ Battle of Badr was a conflict between the good and the evil. Umar bin Al-Khattab did not spare

the life of any polytheist even his maternal uncle Al- ‘As bin Hisham bin Al-Mugheera.

➢ Abu Jahl’s was killed by two young boys, Mu‘adh bin ‘Amr bin Al-Jumuh & Mu‘awwadh bin Al-

‘Afra’. Ibn Masud cut off his head and took it to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) who, on seeing it,

began to entertain Allah’s praise: "Allah is Great, praise is to Allah, who has fulfilled His Promise,

assisted His servant and defeated the confederates alone." He then set out to have a look at the

body and said: “This is the Pharaoh of this nation"

➢ Omayya bin Khalf was killed by Bilal (his ex-slave)!

➢ After the battle Mas’ab bin Umair saw his brother abu Aziz bin Umair Abdari, who had fought

against Muslims, being handcuffed by an Ansari. Mas‘ab said to the Ansar to get good money

through him as his mother is very rich and she can give you good ransom for her son. Abu Aziz

said this is what you say about me? Mas’ab said Yes, This Ansar is my brother instead of you.

➢ When Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم ordered that the bodies of polytheists be thrown into an empty well, Abu

Hudhaifah bin Utbah looked sadly at his dead father whose body was being dragged to the well.

Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم noticed that and asked him about it. Hudhaifah said that he had never held the least

doubt that his father met his fate deservedly, but added that he wished he had been guided to

the path of Islam, and that is why he felt sad. Prophet (pbuh) prayed for abu Hudhaifah.

While returning to Medinah, at a place As-Safra, Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم asked Ali (r.a) that two of the prisoners Nadr bin Al-Harith & Uqbah bin Abi Mu’ait should be killed, as they had persecuted the Muslims in Makkah and harbored deep hatred towards Allah and His Messenger.

Nadr bin Al-Harith: He would tell stories of Rustam, Asfandyar & would send maids to sing /dance to distract new converts.

Uqbah bin Abi Mu’ait: Put camel’s intestines on prophet’s shoulder while in sujood in Haram. He once spitted on the face of Prophet (pbuh), but it came back on his own face. Tried to kill Prophet.

SWORD of ‘Ukashah bin Mihsan Al-Asdi

On the day of Badr, the sword of ‘Ukashah bin Mihsan Al-Asdi broke down. Prophet (pbuh) gave him a log of wood which he shook and it immediately turned into a long strong white sword. ‘Ukashah used the same sword in most of the Islamic conquests!

The outcome of the battle was defeat of the polytheists and a manifest victory for the Muslims. Fourteen Muslims got Shahadah (six were from the Emigrants and eight from the Helpers). Seventy polytheists were killed and seventy were taken prisoners.

Munafikeen: Group of Mushrikeen (Abdullah bin Ubai & his followers) in Medinah on seeing the Muslims victory

apparently joined Islam. This was the group of Munafikeen.

Prisoners

• Prophet (pbuh) instructed to treat the prisoners well.

• The prisoners would say in latter days; “they made us ride, while they themselves walked: they gave us wheaten bread to eat (more valued part of their meal) when there was little of it, contenting themselves with dates.”


• 70 prisoners were released after ransom money or after teaching ten Muslims how to read & write

Allah helps those who are sincere and devoted to His religion. HE sent down angels for Muslims help.

This battle separated the TRUTH from the FALSEHOOD, RIGHT from the WRONG.

ALLAH (swt) is SUPREME POWER and His religion will prevail.

Islam is religion of Peace and Mercy. The way Prisoners of war were handled is a clear message for us.

Home work On which date, Battle of Badr was fought? _________________________________

Which Sura was revealed during Battle of Badr? _____________________________

Who killed Umayya bin Khalf? ___________________________________________

70 prisoners were released after ransom money or after ______________________

Plot to kill Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) (2.9)

After the war, Umair bin Wahabb was sitting with his friend Safwan bin Umayya in Hateem. They were grieved about the Badr defeat. Umair’s son was also in the captivity. Umair said that he wanted to go to Medinah and kill Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم, but cannot do so as he has loans to pay back and what who will take care of my family afterwards. On this Sufyan promised to pay his loan & take care of his family. They kept this discussion secret. Umair prepared a sword, poisoned it well and reached Medinah.

On meeting, Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم asked him what brought him to Medinah. He said, my son is in captivity and want to talk about it. On this Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم said No, you came to kill me as you had planned with Sufyan bin Omayya in Hateem. On hearing this Umair immediately converted to Islam. He was taught the principles of Islam. After his return, he started to preach the message of Islam to Mushrikeen in Makkah.

Why Banu Qainuqa were exiled (2.10)

Banu Qainuqa was the worst of the three Jew tribes. They were living within Medinah and doing business in gold, blacksmith & making kitchen utensils. Due to these professions they had more weapons & had 700 warriors. When a Muslim would pass through their bazar they would raise comments and make joke of him. They started doing this even to Muslim women. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) gathered them and warned them, but they said … Don’t be mistaken by defeating some Quraishites who are inexperienced in the art of war. If you were to engage us in fight, you will realize that we are genuine war experts."

• Shas bin Qais an elderly Jew planned to create conflict and revive the hatred between Khizraj & Aws, that characterized pre-Islam by reminding them of Bu‘ath war and reminding them of the verses which they used to recite. He succeeded in his malicious attempt to create dispute between both tribes, who were again ready to fight with each other. On this prophet Muhammad (pbuh) immediately intervened and resolved it. Both groups realized that it was a plot hatched by their enemy.

• On financial matters, if they happened to owe a Muslim something, they would not return the money saying that there is no obligation on their part because you have converted to a new religion. If it was the other way, they would keep asking him day & night to pay back the debt.

Poisoned sword


One day a Muslim woman went to their bazaar for a deal. The Jew asked her to show her face, but she refused to do so. On this he secretly tied a knot of her garment to the stool. When she got up, her face became uncovered. On this all the Jews there burst into laughter. The women raised her voice for help. A passing by Muslim fought with that Jew & killed him. The Jews retaliated by killing that Muslim.

After this incident Prophet Muhmad (pbuh) set out with Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib towards Banu Qainuqa. They did not dare to fight and remained confined in their fort. Only after 15 days they surrendered and handed over all materials, wealth and war equipment to Prophet (pbuh). They were exiled to Syria where after a short time most of them died.


Battle of UHD (3.10)

Background: i) Defeat at Badr intensified the hatred & enmity

of Quraish. They wanted to regain their lost prestige and to take revenge for the loss of their family members in Badr.

ii) Rise of Medinah was a threat for them both politically and economically.

جبل الرماة

FACTS MUSLIMS QURAISH

Soldiers 700 men, 100 armored, 50 horses, Led by Prophet (pbuh)

3,000 men, 700 armored 200 horses Led by Aby Sufyan

Loses 70 martyrs 30 dead

Prophet wanted to fight inside Medinah and block them at the streets entrances, but companions

suggested to go out and fight. Battle was fought near Uhd mountain, 5 km north of Medinah.

On reaching the battlefield, prophet (pbuh) appointed 50 archers under command of Abdullah bin

Jubair to protect the pass in Uhd mountain and to defend Muslims for any attack from the back. He

instructed them NOT to leave their position under any circumstances. Narrated in Bukhari, Prophet

(pbuh) said:

“If you see us snatched into pieces by birds, do not leave this position of yours till I send for you. And if

you see that we have defeated the enemy and trodden on them do not desert your position till I send for

you.”

Hypocrites: 300 hypocrites led by Abdullah bin Obai left just before the battle claiming their demands

to fight inside Medinah was not fulfilled. They did to create panic amongst Muslims, leaving behind only

700 soldiers.

The Combat: The bravest Quraish fighter Talha bin Abi Talha Al-‘Abdari

came forward riding a camel, he challenged the Muslims to a single combat.

People refrained from fighting him due to his bravery; but Az-Zubair bin Al-

‘Awwam advanced for the fight. He did not give him any chance to fight &

fell on him like a lion on his camel’s back, pulled him down to the ground

and slaughtered him with his sword.

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: Allahu Akbar and the Muslims

exclaimed Allahu Akbar too. The prophet (pbuh) said:

“Every Prophet has a disciple and Az-Zubair is a disciple of mine.”


Quraish attacked first. Muslims fought bravely and had the upper hand, killing many Quraish.

Stage 1:

They began to flee in disorder leaving behind a great deal of booty (spoils of war). Muslims began to collect it. The 50 archers saw their victory and most of them left their positions, came down to collect their booty (in Quran 3:152).

Stage 2:

Khalid bin Waleed saw the archers. He came from back & attacked; creating panic amongst Muslims. Many ran away. Quraish attacked prophet (pbuh), who was surrounded by few companions (including Saad bin abi Waqas, Abdur Rahman bin Auf, Abu Talha). He was badly wounded, lost a tooth, two rings from his helmet embedded in his cheek. Rumors spread that prophet (pbuh) was killed. Muslims were disheartened and lost their hope.

Stage 3:

Assassination of Asadullah (the Lion of Allah) Hamzah bin Abdul Muttalib

Hamzah’s assassin, Wahshi bin Harb He said was a slave working to Jubair bin Mut‘im. He offered him to be set free if he kills Hamzah. Wahshi said: During the battle, I set out seeking Hamzah and saw him amidst people fighting. He was like a white and black striped camel, striking severely with his sword and no one could stand on his way.” On finding an opportunity he speared him and it went down into his stomach. When he returned to Makkah, he was set free.

The Archers’ Fatal Mistake

Allah helped the Muslims and Muslims were at the verge of victory over Makkans. Majority of the archers on Jabl Rumah made a fatal mistake that turned the whole situation upside down. Despite the strict instructions of Prophet, forty soldiers came down from Jabl Rumah to collect the war spoils, leaving Abdullah bin Jubair with only nine archers.

Khalid bin Al-Waleed seized this golden opportunity and swiftly came from the rear of the Muslim army, killing Ibn Jubair and his group. They shouted that signaled the new developments and the polytheists returned to counterattack the Muslims. Muslims got entrapped between two millstones. Mus‘ab bin ‘Umair was carrying the standard with his right hand. During the fight it was cut off, so he grabbed the standard in his left hand till this was also amputated so he knelt down and shielded it with

50

UHD

Mushrikeen (3,000 men)

Khalid bin Waleed

1 Akrama bin Abu Jahal

Safwan bin Umayya

Manzar bin Amr

Mus’ab bin umair

Zubair bin Awwam

Abdullah bin Jubair & 50 archers (on Jabl Rumah)

10

UHD

Defeat of Mushrikeen Army

40 archers disobey orders

10

UHD

Retreat of Mushrikeen Army

Khalid comes from behind & attacks the Muslims

• Hamza is martyred

• Prophet (pbuh) is

injured


his chest and neck. Ibn Qami’a then killed him. Due to resemblance of Mus’ab bin Umair with Prophet, a rumor spread that Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم has been killed. On this Muslims got demoralized. Some of them stopped fighting. Some of the them fled as far as Medinah, while others went up the mountain. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was confined to a trap with only a small group (seven Ansar and two Muhajireen). He raised his voice calling out unto his Companions:” Slaves of Allah الیه عباد اللہ الیه عباداللہ " come to me. His voice was heard by the idolaters before it was heard by the Muslims, who recognized his voice and moved towards him to attack him with all their power. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: " He who pushes back those idolaters, will be housed in Paradise."

or "He will be my Companion in Paradise." One of the Helpers stepped forward and fought the idolaters

till he was killed. This was repeated till all the seven Helpers were killed.

The Most Difficult Hour in the Life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) now remained with only two Quraishites; Talha bin Ubaid Ullah and Sa‘d

bin Abi Waqas. That was the most awkward and dangerous hour for Prophet (pbuh) and it was a golden

opportunity for the idolaters who concentrated their attack on Prophet (pbuh) to kill him.

Utbah bin Abi Waqas pelted him with stone which hit on his face. Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم fell down and

his incisor tooth (tooth between canine and front tooth) was broken. His lower lip was wounded.

Abdullah bin Qami’a struck violently with his sword on prophet (pbuh) shoulder. It could not break the

two armors, but he felt its pain for more than a month. He again struck with his sword on prophet

which hit his cheek bone. It was so strong that two rings of his iron-ringed helmet penetrated inside the

check. While striking he said: ”Take this stroke, I am Ibn Qami’a (the one who breaks)". Prophet (pbuh)

replied, while wiping the blood from his face: "May Allah break you”. Allah listened to Prophet’s prayer.

When Qami’a returned to Makkah he went uphill to search his goats, a mountain goat attacked him

with his horns and made him fell off the cliff. (Fath al Bari).

In another narration the goat hit him several times with horns and broke him into pieces. (Bukhari,

Muslim).

"(I wonder) how can people who cut the face of their Prophet (pbuh) and break his teeth, he who calls

them to worship Allah. How can such people thrive or be successful?" About that incident, Allah, Glory is

to Him, sent down a Quranic verse saying:

بهم فإنهم ظالمون ليس لك من المر شيء أو - 3:128 يتوب عليهم أو يعذ

Not for you, [O Muhammad, but for Allah], is the decision whether He should [cut them down] or forgive

them or punish them, for indeed, they are wrongdoers 3:128

After a short silence he صلى الله عليه وسلم resumed saying: اللهم اغفر لقومي فإنهم ل يعلمون

“Oh Allah forgive my people, they do not know” Bukhari, Muslim

Killing Prophet (pbuh) was their primary aim, but Sa‘d bin Abi Waqas and Talha bin Ubaid Ullah fought

fiercely and were able to stop the idolaters till the whole squad of idolaters was driven off him (pbuh).

Sa’d bin Abi Waqas: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave his arrows to Sa‘d bin Abi Waqas: and

said: “Shoot, an arrow Sa‘d. ي ارم فداك أبي وأم

May my father & mother be sacrificed for you. (Bukhari)

Prophet (pbuh) had never gathered his parents except in the case of Sa‘d.


Talha bin ‘Ubaid Ullah: When all the Helpers were killed, Talha proceeded forward and fought

like as much as eleven people, till his fingers were cut off. He said a sound of ‘hissss’. On this Prophet

(pbuh) said: ‘If you had said “In the Name of Allah”, the angels would have raised you up before the

people’s eyes." Talha sustained thirty- nine or thirty-five wounds, and his fingers (i.e. the forefinger and

the one next to it, got paralyzed. Later when Uhd Day was mentioned, Abu Bakr used to say: ‘That was

Talha’s day (i.e. Battle)’.

Allah’s Help: At the awkward and most delicate circumstances, Allah, Glory is to Him, sent down His

invisible help. In Sahih Al-Bukhari & Muslim Sa’d said: "on Uhd day, I saw two men with the Messenger

of Allah (pbuh), dressed in white clothes & defending him fiercely. I had never seen them before or

after the Uhd day." In another version: "They were Jibrael & Mecael". [Bukhari 2/580].

All these events happened in a very short time. In the meantime, Muslims reached to Prophet

Muhammad to prevent the enemies from reaching him.

During the withdrawal of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) up to the cover of the mountain, a big rock

blocked his way. Prophet (pbuh) tried to mount it, but having worn a short heavy armor, and being

seriously wounded, he could not ascend it. Talha sat down and lifted Prophet (pbuh) on his shoulders

enable him to ascend the rock. Prophet (pbuh) then said: "Talha is eligible for the Garden (Paradise)."

[Ibn Hisham 2/86].

Quraish then decided to leave. Abu Sufyan said, this is the day of revenge for the day of Badr and

challenged to fight again next year. Muslims suffered heavy losses. Prophet’s uncle Hamza was

martyred by a slave Wahshi, slave of Jubair, who promised to set him free if he killed Hamza. Hamza

had killed Utbah (father of Hinda) in Badr. For revenge, she ruined his dead body, cut off his ear, nose,

ripped his body open and chewed his liver to avenge his father’s death. When Prophet Muhammad

(pbuh) saw how Hamzah was mutilated, he was extremely grieved. Ibn Masud said: We have never seen

the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) weeping so much as he was for Hamzah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib.

On his way back, matchless examples of love & devotion were revealed by the truthful women believers

which were no less than the men’s heroic deeds in the fight.

Hamnah bint Jahsh: met the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the way back, and he announced the death

of her brother ‘Abdullah bin Jahsh. She said: "To Allah we belong and to Him we will verily return. I ask

Allah’s forgiveness." Then he announced the death of her maternal uncle Hamzah bin ‘Abdul Muttalib.

She said:

Ghaseel Al-Malâ’ikah

Hazrat Hanzalah Ibn Abi Amir had just got married when the call for Jihad was announced. He received

Shahadah and people saw his body was lifted in air and water is dripping down.

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said that the angels were washing him and said: "Ask his wife". They

asked her and she confirmed that he had been in a state of ceremonial impurity. That was why

Hanzalah was called ‘Ghaseel Al-Malâ’ikah’ (i.e. the one washed by the angels).


"To Allah we belong and to Him we will verily return. I ask Allah’s forgiveness." But when he announced

the death of her husband Mus‘ab bin ‘Umair to her, she shouted & woed. Seeing her doing so, Prophet

Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم said: "Woman’s husband is extremely dear to her."

A woman of Bani Dinar: He passed by a woman of Bani Dinar whose husband, father and brother were

all killed at Uhd. When their death announced, she said: "How is the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?" They

said: "Well indeed. O mother of so... Thanks for Allah; he is well and as good as you desire." She said:

"Let me see him." They pointed at him. Seeing him she said: "All misfortunes are nothing so long as you

are safe."

Umm Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh: came running to see Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم. He consoled her, for her killed son ‘Amr bin Mu‘adh. But she said: "So long as I see you are safe, my misfortune will certainly go into oblivion." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) supplicated Allah for the relatives of those who were killed at Uhd and said: "Cheer up! Umm Sa‘d and bear good tidings to their kindred that all their people killed in the battle are friends in Paradise and they are intercessors for all their family." Allah revealed 58 verses from Sura al-Imraan about this battle.

A Muslim should not give importance to the wealth, booty and worldly things.

Lack of discipline & disobedience caused this defeat. The believers learned the negative consequence of disobedience.

It is Allah's wisdom that His messengers and followers succeed at times and are defeated at times, but the outcome was always in their favor. Because if they were continually victorious, non-believers as well as believers would join them, so believers could not be distinguished from others.

Sincere believers were distinguished from hypocrites. After the day of Badr some entered Islam whose motives were not as they appeared. In this battle, Allah (Almighty) differentiated between believer and hypocrite. So, the believers realized that they had an enemy from within and be cautious of them.

Allah (Almighty) tests His servants in both good times & bad times in victory & defeat.

If Allah (Almighty) had given them victory every time, they could become oppressive & arrogant. His servants are only kept righteous and balanced through good times and hardship, which makes them humble & submissive.

Allah (Almighty) has prepared high ranks for His believing servants in Paradise which they cannot reach through their deeds; they will reach it only through difficulties & trials.

Martyrdom is among the highest ranks. The martyrs are nearest to Him. After the rank of siddeeq (close supporter of a prophet) comes that of the shaheed (martyr).

HOMEWORK

When the Uhd Battle was fought ________________________________________

How many archers were appointed on the mountain:_____________________ What is the name of the Archers’s mountain: ______________________________ Who was leading the Archers’s group:_________________________________

Prophet (pbuh) said: “Every Prophet has a disciple and ____________________ is a disciple of mine.”

What was the reason that Muslims lost this battle? _______________________

Who had resemblance to Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم? ___________________________________

Who is called Ghaseel Al-Malâ’ikah ____________________________________

Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said May my father & mother be sacrificed for you. This for whom: _____________________________________


Incident of AR-RAJI (4.2) A delegation from tribes of Udal & Qarah came to Prophet (pbuh) and asked to send some people to teach Islam. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) sent Ten of his Companions. When they reached Ar-Raji (between Rabigh & Jeddah), archers of Banu Lihyan surrounded them and killed all of them.

Tragedy of MA'UNA Well, بئرمعونة (4.2) Ma‘una Well tragedy was even more horrible than that of Ar-Raji, took place in the same month. Abu Bara (Amir bin Malik) came to Prophet (pbuh) in Medinah and asked to dispatch some companions to the people of Najd to call them to Islam. Seventy companions who were very knowledgeable about Quran and jurisprudence were chosen for this purpose.

When they reached Ma‘una Well, the enemy of Allah, Aamir bin At-Tufail called out other tribes to attack them. All the companions were killed except two. Prophet (pbuh) was deeply moved by this tragedy and that of Ar-Raji that every dawn prayer he used to invoke Allah’s wrath against those people and tribes who killed his companions. Allah then sent down unto His Messenger from those companions:

‘Inform our folk that we have encountered our Lord and He is satisfied with us and we are satisfied with Him.’ [reported by Sahih Al-Bukhari]

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stopped his invocation.

Bani NADEER ( بنو) نظی Exiled (4.3) Bani Nadeer was a Jewish tribe in South east of Medinah. They earned their living through agriculture, money lending, and trade in weapons and jewels.

Once Prophet (pbuh) set out to Bani Nadeer to seek their help in raising the blood-money for a man who was killed by mistake. They said they would share the money and asked to sit under a wall of their houses and wait. In the background they conspired to kill Prophet (pbuh) by dropping a large millstone from the wall top on his head. Jibrael came and revealed to Prophet (pbuh) their wicked plan. Prophet (pbuh) immediately got up and came back to Medinah. Prophet (pbuh) sent a message to them to leave Medinah within 10 days. They rejected the message and shut themselves in a fortress. Muslims laid a siege. Finally, they surrendered after 12 weeks and were exiled and settled in Khyber. They were allowed to carry as much luggage as their

camels except arms. They took everything even the pegs and beams of ceilings. Their caravan counted 600 loaded camels.

About Ka'b bin al-Ashraf: He was a Jewish poet. After Badr he went to Makkah to provoke Quraish

against Prophet (pbuh). He composed verses in which he grieved the victims of Quraish in Badr and

composed insulting verses on Muslim women. On prophet (pbuh) instructions, he was killed six months

after the battle of Badr.


Battle of AL-AHZAB (5.10) خندق

BACKGROUND: There was peace in the region for a while, however the Jews known for their

intrigues. After their expulsion to Khyber, they staged another conspiracy against Muslim. A delegation

of twenty Jews chiefs in Khyber went to Quraish in Makkah to provoke to attack the Messenger of Allah

(pbuh), and promised them full support. They toured various parts of Arabia and managed to prepare

an army of 10,000 men from Quraish and various allied tribes, under the leadership of Abu Sufyan.

Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) came to know about their plan.

TRENCH IDEA: Salman Al- Farsi ( سلمان فارسی ) proposed to

defend and dig trenches. Forty yards was allocated to each group of ten people to dig the trench (5 meters deep & 5 meters wide). Prophet (pbuh) himself participated in digging the trench. It took several days to complete this task. 3,000 Muslims entrenched themselves in Sila mountain with the trench standing as a barrier between them and the disbelievers, who were surprised to see a wide trench, a strategy not known to them in Arabia. Amr bin Abd-e-Wudd, Ikrima bin Abi Jahl and Dirar bin Al-Khattab managed to cross the trench. Amr challenged the Muslims to a duel. Ali bin Abi Talib was deputed and after a short fierce engagement killed Amr and obliged the others to evacuate in panic and confusion.

Muslims had little food. Once a companion complained about shortage of food and showed his stomach

where a stone was tied to his hunger. On seeing this Prophet (pbuh) also raised his shirt and people saw

that the messenger of Allah had two stones tied to his stomach.

MIRACLES: • Jabir bin Abdullah slaughtered a sheep. His wife cooked one Saw (2.5 kg) barley

(Jau) and requested Prophet (pbuh) and few others to accept his invitation, but Prophet (pbuh) gathered all his companions. They started to eat until they were all completely full and yet the meat in the pot did not finish & the dough remained as such!

• A woman brought two handful of dates and gave them to Prophet (pbuh). He took the dates, spread them over a cloth and invited all his companions. They started to eat and the dates also continued to increase in number! Everyone ate and still there were enough dates on the cloth.

• Hazrat Jabar narrates (Bukhari) that while digging the trench, they came across a hard rock. Prophet (pbuh) was told about it. He struck with a spade and the rock immediately turned into a loose sand dune.

• Al-Bara‘ said: On al-Khandaq day there stood out a hard rock. They told prophet (pbuh), who took the spade, and struck the rock by saying “Bismillah” and one piece was broken. He said Allah o Akbar, I have been given the keys of Ash-Shaam (Syria). I swear by Allah, I can see its red palaces. He made a second strike, another piece was cut and he said: "Allah is Great, I’ve been give Persia, I swear by Allah, I can see the white palace of Madain; He struck the rock for the third time and all the rock was broken. Then he said, “Allah is Great, I have been given the keys of Yemen, I swear by Allah, I can see the gates of San‘a from my place."

Syria

Persia

Yemen

UHD

Masjid Nabvi

10,000 Quraish, Ghatfan, Others

3,000 Muslims

Mount Sila

Banu Quraiza

Quba

Trench


Missed Prayers: During the battle, prophet (pbuh) missed his Asr prayer, and read it after the sunset then he made Maghrib prayer.

He was so annoyed for this failure that he invoked Allah’s wrath on his enemies and besought Allah to fill their houses & graves with fire because they distracted him from

observing the Asr prayer.

No direct engagement took place and remained confined to arrow hurling. Six Muslims and ten polytheists were killed. The siege remained for about one month. Allah then sent strong wind, rain and cold. The enemy tents were blown down, cooking vessels were overthrown. They decided to return without achieving their target. On return of this battle, prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said:

لآن نغزوهم ول يغزوننا، نحن نسير إليهم"ا"

Now we will go towards them & they will not come to us. Now our army will go towards them; During this difficult time Banu Quraiza broke the treaty and planned to attack Muslims from behind. Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh was wounded by an arrow. Perceiving his end approaching, he prayed to Allah to keep him alive until he had full revenge on Banu Quraiza.

JEWS: are Muslims enemy since prophet Muhammad (pbuh) time. They plotted this war. They also broke the treaty with Muslims at the time of crisis.

LEADERSHIP: Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) demonstrated the leadership quality by participating himself in digging the trench and bearing all the hardships of cold weather and hunger with his companions.

PRAYERS: Offering our prayers on time is important obligation. Prophet (pbuh) invoked Allah’s anger on his enemies and besought Allah to fill their houses & graves with FIRE because they distracted him from observing the prayer.

HOMEWORK

• Quraish and other neighboring tribes joined to form an army of _________ men

• Who proposed to defend and dig trench around Medinah? _____________________

• How many Muslims entrenched themselves in Sila mountain? _________________

• Abd-e-Wudd crossed the trench & challenged Muslims to a duel. He was killed by ________________________

• When Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) missed his prayers, he invoked Allah’s wrath on his enemies and besought Allah to fill their ________ & ________ with __________ as they had distracted him from prayer

• The siege remained for about ________ month


Battle of QURAIZA قريظہبنو (5.11) BACKGROUND: Banu Quraiza (a Jew tribe) had made a pact with Prophet (pbuh) to protect Medinah & Muslims from any outside attack. In such a difficult situation when the Muslims were engaged in the battle of Ahab, they broke their pact & started planning to attack the Muslims.

On the same day when the battle of Ahab was over, Jibraeel came and asked to head for Banu Quraiza

and fight them. Prophet (pbuh), instituted Ibn Umm Maktum as a ruler of Medinah, entrusted the

banner of war to Ali bin Abi Talib. Banu Quraiza hid in their fortress. Muslims laid tight siege.

ABU LOBABA ( رضی اللہ عنہابو لبابا ) : When the siege got prolonged, Jews requested to send abu Lobaba for

dialog. When he entered the fort, men ran towards him. Women & children started crying in front of

him. Jews asked if they should surrender? On this abu Lobaba said, Yes and signaled his hand across his

neck, indicating that they will be slaughtered. Later he realized that prophet (pbuh) did not tell him as

such, so instead of returning to prophet (pbuh) he went to the masjid Nabvi & tied himself to a pillar

swearing that only prophet (pbuh) will untie him and will never enter the land of banu Quraiza. Prophet

(pbuh) said now I cannot untie him until Allah accepts his Tauba. He remained tied to the pillar for six

nights. His wife would come to untie for the prayers, after which he would again tie himself. On 7th

morning Allah (swt) accepted his repentance.

Although banu Quraiza had large food stock and water wells inside the fort, but fear struck their hearts

& they surrendered after 25 days. Prophet (pbuh) asked Sa’ad bin Muaz will decide their fate. Due to

an arrow injury in Ghazwa Ahzab, Sa’ad was in Medinah. He was called from Medinah and announced

his decision to kill all the men, take women & children as prisoners and distribute their wealth. On this,

prophet (pbuh) said “You have the same decision about them what Allah has decided above the seven

heavens”.

The decision was because Jews broke the pact in the most crucial time. They had prepared 1500

swords, 200 spears, 300 armors, 500 shields to kill Muslims. Trenches were dug and they were killed

(about 500 to 700). Medinah remained safe and with ALLAH swt help al-Ahzab and Jews were defeated.

Prophet (pbuh) took out 1/5th of their wealth and distributed the rest. Every horse rider was given three

parts – one for him and two for the horse.

Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) married one of the prisoner women Rehana bint Amr.

Sa‘d bin Muadh ( اللہ عنہرضی ذ سعد بن معا ) : After the war with Banu Quraiza Sa‘d bin Muadh gave his last

breath at the age of 36. Narrated from Ibn 'Umar (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said:

“This is the one at whose death the Throne (of Allah) shook, the gates of heaven were opened and 70,000 angles attended his funeral. It squeezed him once then released him." (Nisai)

HOMEWORK

• Banu Quraiza was a _________ tribe

• Why a war was decided on Banu Quraiza? ________________________________

• Banu Quraiza were afraid to fight & hid in their fortress. (True / False)

• Why Abu Lobaba tied himself to the pillar of Masjid Nabvi? _______________ __________________________________________

• Sa’d bin Muadh breathed his last at the age of __________

• How many angels attended the funeral of Sa’d bin Muadh? _______________

• Is it true that Allah’s throne shook on the death of Sa’d bin Muadh? (True/False)


Ghazwa Banu MUSTALIQ )(6.8) )بنو مصطلق On hearing the news that Banu Mustaliq are preparing to fight against Muslims, Prophet (pbuh) set out

with an army and stationed at a well called Muraisi (short distance from Makkah). Arrow shooting went

on for an hour, Muslims then engaged with the enemy that ended in full victory for the Muslims. 10

people were killed and 200 families were taken as captives. Only one Muslim was killed.

Juwayriya bint Harith daughter of the Banu al-Muṣṭaliq chief was one of the captives. She agreed to

marry Prophet (pbuh) in exchange for releasing 100 prisoners who converted to Islam.

THE TREACHEROUS ROLE OF THE HYPOCRITES: Abdullah bin Ubai, was a hypocrite, a bitter enemy of

Islam and the Muslims because he believed that Prophet (pbuh) had turned out of his leadership in

Medinah. His sole mission was to sow the seeds of conflict in the Muslim community. His treacherous

and wicked behavior could be witnessed when he suddenly backed out in the battle field of UHD.

1st incident: A small quarrel broke out between an Emigrant and an Ansar on the well. Prophet

Muhammad (pbuh) quickly resolved the issue. On this the hypocrite Abdullah bin Ubai said “the most

honorable will expel the meanest out of Medinah,” and added: “They (the Muslims) have outnumbered

& shared our land. If you fatten your dog, it will eat you.” Zaid bin Arqam narrated this to Prophet

(pbuh) who then asked Abdullah bin Ubai. Ibn Ubai swore and said that he did not say these words.

Prophet (pbuh) said Ubai is right, Zaid may have heard it incorrectly. On this Zaid became very sad.

However, latter the testimony of Zaid bin Arqam was verified when Allah (swt) revealed Surah

Munafiqeen, ch 63.

2nd Incident, THE SLANDER AFFAIR (Incident of IFK): On return from this expedition Muslim army had

to halt for a night at a place, a short distance from Medinah. Prophet (pbuh) was accompanied by his

noble wife, Aisha. She went out some distance from the camp to attend to the call of nature.

On return she discovered that she had dropped her necklace somewhere and went back to search. On her return, she found that the army had already left. She sat down waiting for someone to come back, till sleep overpowered her. Safwan bin Mu‘attal ( رضی اللہ عنہصفوان بن معطل ) an Emigrant, who was coming in the rear recognized her

and brought her on his camel to Medinah, while himself walking in front of the camel. The hypocrites

led by Abdullah bin Ubai having seen their return spread a malicious scandal. Unfortunately, few

Muslims also became involved in it. Prophet (pbuh) held counsel with his Companions, who pronounced

different opinions ranging from divorce to retention. Aisha unaware of the rumors fell ill and was

confined to bed for a month. On recovering, she heard of the slander and went to her parents seeking

authentic news. Prophet (pbuh) visited her and said, “If you are innocent, Allah will acquit you,

otherwise, you have to beg for His forgiveness and pardon.” She turned away and lay down for some

rest. At that decisive moment Jibrael (a.s) descended & revealed verses of Surah Noor (ch. 24) verse 11,

acquitting Aisha (May Allah be pleased with her) of all the slanderous fabricated talk:

ا لكم بل هو خير لكم إن الذين جاءوا نكم ل تحسبوه شر فك عصبة م بالإ Three people in the slander affair, Mistah bin Athatha, Hassan bin Thabit and Hamnah bint Jahsh, were

flogged with 80 stripes.

We should never believe on rumors.

Islam protects women. Accusing women with no evidence is a punishment.

A Muslim must always be truthful. Telling a lie is one of the traits of a Munafiq.

HOMEWORK

• Juwayriya agreed to marry Prophet (pbuh) in exchange for releasing __________

• Allah (swt) revealed verses of Sura ______________ for Aisha (r.a)


HUDAYBIA TREATY (6.11 AH)

Prophet (pbuh) saw a dream that he is entering masjid Haram so he decided to go for Umrah.

In Dhul Qa‘dah 6 AH, he tied his ehram at Zulhuleefa and set out towards Makkah with his wife Umme Salam & about 1400 companions. Prophet (pbuh) camped at Hudaybia (25 km from Makkah) because Quraishites decided to stop them from entering Makkah. They dispatched two hundred horsemen led by Khalid bin Al-Waleed. On seeing the Muslims prostrating in Zuhr prayer and thought it was an opportunity for surprise attack, when they will again pray in Asr. However, the rules of prayer of fear were revealed (4:102) meanwhile and thus Khalid and his men missed the chance.

Bayt-ar-Ridhwan Uthman (r.a) was sent to Mushrikeen for negotiations. He told them that the Muslims had come only to visit and pay their homage to the Sacred House for worship with no intention to fight. The Quraishites did not give permission to visit Al-Ka‘bah. They, however, offered Uthman the permission to perform the pilgrimage, if he so desired, but ‘Uthman declined the offer saying: "How is it possible that I avail of this opportunity, when Prophet (pbuh) is denied of it?" Due to some delay in returning of Uthman, rumors spread that Quraish have killed Othman. On this the Muslims took a solemn pledge (Bai'ah) at the hand of Prophet (pbuh) that they would sacrifice their lives to avenge the death of Uthman. This pledge was taken under a tree and is thus called Bayt-ar-Ridhwan. The Noble Quran has referred to this pledge in the following words:

عن المؤمنين إذ يبايعونك تحت 48:18 الفتح ۔۔۔ لقد رضي الل "Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave their Bai‘a (pledge) to you (O

Muhammad (pbuh) ) under the tree." [Quran 48:18]

Later, they learnt that this was only a rumor.

Sohail bin Amr was sent from Quraish for negotiations. Ali bin Abi Talib, who acted as a scribe began with the words: حيم حمن الر ."In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful" ,بسم الله الرSuhail bin ‘Amr said that he knew nothing about Ar-Rahman and insisted upon the customary words Bi-ismika Allahumma, i.e., "In Your Name, O Allah!". Prophet (pbuh) agreed. He then went on to dictate, "This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ( محمد الرسول الله) has agreed to with Suhail bin ‘Amr." On this Suhail again protested: "Had we acknowledged you as Prophet, we would not have stopped you from the Sacred House, nor fought against you. Write your own name and the name of your father." Ali (r.a) refused to consent to the change. Prophet (pbuh), however, took the pen from Ali, erased the words himself, and dictated instead: "Muhammad, the son of ‘Abdullah (محمد ابن عبدالله) "

Water well

Miracle In Hudaybia Muslims

pitched their tents beside a well with

little water. Soon the water in the well finished and the

muslims reported thirst to the Prophet [pbuh], who took out

an arrow and placed it in the well.

Water immediately gushed out and everone drank!

Hudaibiyyah


Before the writing-up was finished, Suhail's son Abu Jandal appeared, saying he was a Muslim and wanted to go to Medinah. Suhail slapped his face. Prophet Muhammad said that the contract has not yet been signed. On this he said that in such case he will not make any agreement. Prophet then asked Abu Jandal to go back to Makkah and bear patience. Umar walked beside him, offering a sword, which he hoped Abu Jandal would use to kill his father; but Abu Jandal did not take it. The Muslims and disbelievers agreed to sign a treaty.

Many of the Muslims including Umar (R.A.) were not happy over the agreement.

Umar, unable to contain himself for the distress taking full grasp of his heart, went to Prophet (pbuh)

and said: "Aren’t you the true Messenger of Allah?"

Prophet (pbuh) replied calmly, "Why not?"

Umar again asked: Aren’t we on the path of righteousness and our enemies in the wrong?"

Prophet (pbuh) replied: it was so.

Umar further said: Then we should not suffer any humiliation in the matter of Faith.

Prophet (pbuh) said: I’m the true Messenger of Allah, I never disobey Him, He shall help me.

Umar said: Did you not tell us that we shall perform pilgrimage?

Prophet (pbuh) replied: But I have never told you that we shall do so this very year.

On this Umar was silenced.

Yet the Holy Prophet (pbuh) accepted them with the command of Allah Who Himself, declared this

treaty to be a manifest victory for the believers by saying: بينا indeed, we have given you" . إنا فتحنا لك فتحا م

(O Muhammad (pbuh)) a clear victory." [Al-Fatah 48:1]

Umm Salama: Prophet came out from his tent and asked the companions to sacrifice their animals.

He said ‘three times’ but nobody got up, as they were not happy on the treaty conditions. Prophet

(pbuh) went inside. On seeing prophet’s concern, his wife umm e Salama gave a suggestion that solved

this crisis. She said You go outside; sacrifice your animal, cut your hair and do not talk to anyone!

Prophet (pbuh) did the same and after a while one after the other everybody got up and did the same.

This is an example as how a wife proves to be a great companion and support a man in different forms.

Here with a wonderful suggestion

HUDAYBIA TREATY

• Muslims will return to Medinah this year and will come for pilgrimage next year and

stay only for three days in Makkah

• They shall not come back armed but can bring with them swords only

• sheathed in scabbards and these shall be kept in bags.

• War activities shall be suspended for ten years, during which both parties will live in

full security and neither will raise sword against the other.

• If anyone from Quraish goes over to Muhammad [pbuh] without his guardian’s

permission, he should be sent back to Quraish, but should any of Muhammad’s

followers return to Quraish, he shall not be sent back.

• Whosoever wishes to join Muhammad [pbuh], or enter into treaty with him, should

have the liberty to do so; and likewise, for Quraish.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umar


Benefits of this TREATY:

The subsequent events show that this treaty proved to be highly beneficial for the cause of Islam. It

ended the atmosphere of constant hostility. Having free contacts with the believers, they got the

chance to study closely the Islamic way of life and large number of unbelievers accepted Islam after this

treaty.

Banu Khuzah & Banu Bakr (،خزاعہ بنوبکر ) : Soon after the treaty, Khuzah clan, a former ally of Banu

Hashim, joined the ranks of Muhammad (pbuh), and Banu Bakr sided with Quraish. Interstingly after

about 20 months Banu Bakr broke the treaty & attacked Banu Khuzah, that triggered the Muslims

attack on Makkah, leading to its conquest.

The early part of the year 7 AH witnessed the Islamization of Amr bin Al-‘As and Khalid bin Al-Waleed.

On their arrival and entrance into the fold of Islam, Prophet (pbuh) said, "Quraish has given us its own

blood."

Wives ar a great strength, as um-e Salama suggested and resolved the issue of sacrificing of the animals.

HOMEWORK

• Hudaibia treaty took place in year ___________AH

• How many people tookthe pledge undre the tree in Hudaibia: ____________

• Who was sent to Makkah for dialog with Quraish: __________________

• Which wife of prophet (pbuh) accompanied him during this journey: _____________

About Umm Salama

Daughter of Her father was Abu Umayya ibn Al-Mughira (an elite member of his Quraysh tribe, known for

his great generosity, especially to travelers). Due to persecution from Quraish She migrated to Habsha

with abu Salama. Later while migrating to Medina, their clan stopped & forced her to stay in Makkah,

while abu salama’s clan took the child.

Abu salama died in the battle of Uhd.

Prophet (pbuh) told umm salama to make this dua and Allah will something better to that person.

وإنها إليه راجعون " له خيرا منهااللههمه أجرني في ، إنها لله "مصيبتي، وأخلف لي خيرا منها، إله أخلف الله

Later Prophet (pbuh) proposed for marriage, which she accepted


LETTERS of Invitation to Islam to Rulers & Kings

The treaty of Hudaibia marked the beginning of a new

era for Muslims.

As Quraish withdrew from war arena, Prophet (pbuh)

decided to send the message of Islam to

outside Arabia.

1. Negus, King of Abyssinia (Ethiopia): His name was Ashama bin Al-Abjar. When he received the

Prophet’s Message from Jaafar bin abi Talib he embraced Islam. He died in Rajab 9 AH shortly after

Ghazwa Tabuk. Prophet (pbuh) announced his death and observed prayer in absentia for him.

2. Letter to Muqawqas, king of Egypt: He accepted the letter but did not avail this priceless

opportunity. He sent gift including two maids, clothing and steed for a riding on.

3. Letter to Pervez Khusro, Emperor of Persia: He tore the letter into shreds and commanded his

viceroy in Yemen to send two strong men to arrest Prophet (pbuh) and said in arrogance, one

servant from my people writes his name before mine. The governor immediately sent two men to

Medinah for this purpose. When they reached Medinah, Prophet (pbuh) was informed by Allah swt

that he has been defeated by Caesar (Romans) & his son has murdered him. When Prophet (pbuh)

disclosed this news, they hurried went back to Yemen. In the times of Umar ibn Khattab, Persia came

under the rule of Muslims empire.

4. The Envoy to Caesar, King of Rome: Hercules did not embrace Islam. He interrogated &

acknowledged the truthfulness of Muhammad’s Prophet-hood. Muslim envoy was treated well.

5. Letter to Mundhir bin Sawa, Governor of Bahrain: He embraced Islam along with some of his

people. Jewish or Magian faith, should be made to pay Jizya (poll- tax)

6. Haudha bin ‘Ali, Governor of Yamama: He replied that I am a famous orator and poet, the Arabs

highly respect me. If you include me in your government, I am prepared to follow you. Prophet

(pbuh) rejected his demand and said: “Yamama is bound to give rise to a liar who will claim Prophet-

hood to himself but he will subsequently be killed.” When asked who will kill him, Prophet (pbuh)

said, “It is one of you, followers of Islam.”

7. Harith bin Abi Shamir Al-Ghassani, ruler of Damascus: “In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent,

the Most Merciful. From Muhammad, Messenger of Allah to Harith bin Abi Shamir. “Peace be upon

him who follows true guidance, believes in it and regards it as true. I invite you to believe in Allah

alone with no associate, thereafter your kingdom will remain yours.” Upon hearing the letter in his

audience, he became furious and said, “Who dares to dispose me of my country, I’ll fight him (the

Prophet),” and arrogantly rejected the Prophet’s invitation to the fold of Islam.

8. Letter to King of Oman, Jaifer, and his Brother ‘Abd Al-Jalandi: Both brothers embraced Islam.

We all should propagate the message of Islam to believe in Allah alone with no associates and HIS messenger Muhammad (pbuh) where ever we go.

7

Aksum (Najashi)

Oman (Jaifer)

Bahrain (Mundhir)

Faras (Khusro Pervez)

Egypt (Mawququs)

Damascus (Ghassani)

Jerusalem (Hercules)

Yamama (Haudha)

Mu’tah (Ghassani)

2

6

1

5

4 3 8

9

Red Sea

Indian Ocean

Medinahh


The Conquest of KHYBER (7 .1 AH) Background: Khyber is about 250 km NW of Medinah. It

was occupied by Jews and had several forts and farms.

After the treaty of Hudaibiyah with Quraish, Prophet

(pbuh) decided to settle his affairs with the other two

wings, the Jews and the Najd tribes, so that Muslims may

devote their time and effort in propagating the Message

of Allah and calling people to embrace it.

The Jews in Khyber had always remained active in

conspiracy and a source of military provocations. They

had alliance with Banu Quraiza to practice treachery,

maintained contacts with Ghatfan and even attempted at

the Prophet’s life. Consequently, a military campaign was

launched due to their hostilities.

Prophet (pbuh) declared that the banner would be given

to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger and they

(Allah and His Messenger) love him.” The next morning

while everyone was hoping for the honor of carrying the

banner Prophet (pbuh) gave it to Ali bin Abi Talib (R.A.).

Operation begins: The Muslims army consisted of 1,400 men with 200 horsemen. Khyber was split into

two parts with eight forts. The first fort on attack was Na‘im, first defense line. Marhab, the leader of

the fort, invited Amr bin Al-Akwa for a combat. When Amr struck the Jew, his sword recoiled and

wounded his knee, and he died of that wound. Ali bin Abi Talib then came forward to fight Marhab and

killed him with a strike on his head. Yasir, Marhab’s brother, then turned up challenging the Muslims to

a fight. Az-Zubair was equal to it and killed him on the spot. Fight started and lasted for few days.

The Jews inside were too coward to meet the Muslims in open fight but rather hurled a shower of

arrows and stones on the attackers from inside the fortress. Muslims stormed in the fortress. The spoils

taken at Khyber were so huge that; Ibn Umar said: “We never ate our fill until we conquered Khyber.”

Aishah (r.a) said: “Now we can eat our fill of dates.” Conquest of Khyber brought great economic

benefits to Muslims.

MARRIAGE

Safiyah, the daughter of the chief of Bani Quraiza and Bani Nadir was taken as prisoner of war. Prophet (pbuh) freed and took her as wife on her embracing Islam.

P O I S O N

After the conquest of Khyber, a Jewish woman Zainab bint Al-Harith offered Prophet (pbuh) a roasted sheep, she had poisoned. He took a mouthful, but immediately took it out of his mouth. Later the woman confessed stuffing the food with poison. Prophet (pbuh) forgave her but she was ordered to be killed as Bishr bin Al-Bara died of that poison.

16 to 18 Muslims were martyred while 93 Jews were killed. Prophet (pbuh) returned to Medinah in late

Safar or early Rabi‘ Al-Awwal 7 AH.

Abu Huraira (r.a): Shortly before battle of Khyber, Abu Huraira embraced Islam in Makkah. When he

reached Medinah, Prophet (pbuh) had already left for Khyber. He went after the troops to join them.

Medinah Munawwara

Marhab & his Fort

Khyber

Doomah


When he reached Khyber, the battle was already over, but prophet (pbuh) gave him a share from the

spoils of war. His real name was Abdur Rahman bin Sakhar al-Dausi. Abu Huraira (father of the kittens”

was his kuniyat. He was a member of “Ashab e Suffa”. Although he spent only 2 year & 3 months with

prophet (pbuh), but narrated more than 5,000 ahadith. He died in 59 H at the age of 78 years.

Prophet (pbuh) forgave the woman who gave poison to them. We should also forgive people mistakes and keep no hatred for others

HOMEWORK

• Which tribe was settled in Khyber ______________________________?

• Marhab was considered as equivalent to ______________ Men.

• Who was given the banner & he also killed Marhab ________________________

• Prophet (pbuh) married ___________________bint Huyayy.

• What is the meaning of the place called Ashab e Suffa? _______________________

• How much time did Abu Huraira spent with Prophet (pbuh) _____________

• How many Hadith are referenced to Abu Huraira? ___________________

Umrah Qadha 7.11 In 7H zeeqadh, prophet Muhammad (pbuh) instructed Sahaba to perform Umrah Qadha and whoever

was in Hudaibiya should go. 2,000 men with 60 camels set off, wearing Ehram from Zulhulaifa. Prophet

(pbuh) said “Labbaik…….” All the sahaba also chanted “Labbaik …..”. To encounter anything unexpected

from Quraish, Muslims were armed. At wadi Ya-Jijj, alarms (shield, spears etc.) were taken off and 200

sahaba were left there to guard them. Prophet & his companions kept their own swords only (which

were kept for travelers) & entered Makkah.

Prophet (pbuh) was on the camel (Qaswa) while sahaba were guarding him in a circle chanting Labbaik.

Mushrikeen came out from their houses to see Muslims and sat on the North of Kaaba on Jabl Qa-Ye-

Qaan. They were talking to each other that a group has come from Yathrib (Medinah) who are week

due to Fever. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) asked sahaba to run in the first three circles & walk between

rukn-e-Yemni and Hijr-Aswad. He also said to do ‘Iztibah’ (to keep right shoulder open by passing Ehram

under the right hand.)

On reaching Haram, prophet (pbuh) touched Hijr Aswad with his stick, did Tawaaf with sahaba. When

mushrikeen saw them running three rounds, they said that they are even more powerful than so & so!

After prophet (pbuh) did Sa’ee between Safa & Marwa. The hadi (animals) were standing near Marwa.

After Sa’ee the animals were sacrificed and did the hair cut.

Some people were sent to Ya-Jijj to gaud the weapons, while those who were there could now perform

Umrah. Prophet (pbuh) stayed in Makkah for three days. On 4th day Mushrikeen sent a message to Ali

asking to leave Makkah.

During the journey back to Medinah, prophet (pbuh) married Maimona bint Haris Amriyya.

This Umrah is called umra Qadha.


Battle of MU’TAH – (مؤتة) (8.5) September 629 A.D

BACKGROUND:

Prophet (pbuh) sent Al-Harith bin Umair Al-Azdi to carry a letter to the ruler of Busra. On his way, he

was intercepted by Sharhabeel bin Amr Al-Ghassani, the governor of Balqa appointed by Caesar, the

Byzantine Emperor. Al-Harith was tied and beheaded by Al-Ghassani. Killing envoys was the most awful

crime. Prophet (pbuh) was shocked on this news and dispatched a Muslims army of 3,000 men to

discipline them.

A very significant and the fiercest battle during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) paved its

way for the future conquests. It was fought in Mu’tah, a town currently in Jordon. Zaid bin Haritha was

appointed to command the army. Ja’far bin Abi Talib would replace him if he was killed, and Abdullah

bin Rawaha would succeed Ja'far in case the latter fell. A white banner was raised and handed over to

Zaid. Prophet (pbuh) instructed that on reaching the place where Al-Harith was murdered, invite the

people to profess Islam. Should the latter respond positively, then no war would ensue, otherwise fight

with them.

Heraclius had mobilized over 100,000 troops, while another 100,000 from Arab tribes joined them, The

Muslims had never encountered such a huge army. Battle started between the two parties, 3,000

Muslims against an enemy of 200,000.

From

Ja’far bin Abi Talib

To Ja’far at-Tayyar

Ja'far bin Abi Talib During the battle Zaid bin Haritha was holding the flag & fought with great bravery until he was martyred. Ja'far bin Abi Talib then took the banner. While fighting with the enemy his right hand was cut off. He grabbed the banner with his left hand until this too was cut. He then clasped the banner with both arms until a Byzantine soldier struck him. It is said that he was cut into two parts. Al-Bukhari reported that there were fifty stabs in his body and none of them was in the back. Prophet (pbuh) name Ja’far as Ja’far al-Tayyar and said Allah has given him two wings in place of his cut hands ……. and now he is flying in the Jannah.

Abdullah bin Rawaha then proceeded to hold up the banner and fight bravely until he too was killed.

Thereupon Muslims chose Khalid bin Al-Waleed, a skilled brave fighter and an outstanding strategist as

their leader.

Khalid bin Waleed used 9 swords that broke fighting courageously with the enemy.

Realizing the grave situation, reshuffled right & left flanks of his army, brought forward a

division from the rear, casted fear in the hearts of Byzantine by misleading them of fresh

reinforcements & gradually retreated in an organized pattern. One of the greatest

generals’ history has ever seen…He was titled as “Saif Allah” (sword of Allah) by Prophet

Muhammad (pbuh)

Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) ordered them:

"Fight the disbelievers in the Name of Allah, neither breach an agreement nor entertain treachery, and under no circumstances a new-born baby, woman, an old man or a hermit should be killed; moreover, neither trees should be cut down nor homes demolished"


The Byzantines, believed that they were being entrapped and drawn in the heart of the desert. They

stopped the pursuit.

The battle resulted in a far-ranging impact and attached to the Muslims a great reputation in the

battlefields. The Byzantine Empire, at that time, was a mighty military power. Challenging them with

merely 3,000 men to fight against 200,000 soldiers who were far better equipped was unimaginable.

The battle was a real miracle proving that the Muslims were something exceptional, and an evidence that Allah backed them and their Prophet, Muhammad, was really Allah's Messenger. Many desert Bedouins like Banu Saleem, Ashja', Ghatfan, Dhubyan, Fazarah and others entered into Islam out of their own free will. Mu'tah Battle constituted the forerunner of the Islamic conquest of the Byzantine Empire and several other remote countries.

Muslims have strong faith in Allah and even with small resources they can face large enemies.

For those who fight for the cause of Allah, they have great rewards.

HOMEWORK

Who was sent as commander of the Muslims army to battlefield of Mu’tah: ____________________________________

Who was given the title of ‘Sword of Allah’: _________________________________

Who was given two wings instead of his lost arms? ____________________

Khalid bin Waleed ibn al Mughira al-Makhzumi

He entered Islam in 7H and fought many battles, like: Battle of Mu’tah (629 8H), Conquest of Makkah (629 8H), Battle of Hunain (629 8H), Battle of Syria (634 9H), Battle of Busra, Damascus, Yarmouk etc. Umar dismissed him from governorship of Qinnasrin. He died in Medina or Homs in 642 (aprox. 22H). His father Waleed bin Mughira was an arbitror of local disputes in Makkah. Makhzum were strongly oppoed to Muhammad pbuh). In early islam days, he commented that Quran ont th words of Quran, Allah revealed verses on him in S. Mudassar. He was titled as sword of Allah by prophet Muhammad (pbuh).


Conquest of MAKKAH (8.9 AH) Background: After treaty of Hudaibiya Banu Khuzah had made an agreement with the Muslims and Prophet undertook to protect their water, land, lives. Banu Bakr (an ally of Quraish) attacked Banu Khuzah and killed over 20 people. Quraish violated the Hudaibiya treaty by supporting Banu Bakr with weapons & some people. Banu khuzah sent a team to Medinah for help. Realizing the severity of the issue of breaking the treaty, Quraish decided to send Abu Sufyan to Medinah for a dialog. On reaching Medina he went to his daughter house um Habiba (wife of prophet (pbuh). When he wanted to sit on prophet’s bed, she rolled the bed. Abu Sufyan said daughter! You did not consider this bed any worth for me or I’m not worth for this bed! She said: This is prophet’s bed and you are an unclean Mushrik. He then went to prophet (pbuh), but he did not answer. He went to Abu Bakr and asked to talk to him, but said ‘he cannot do this’. He then went to Umar, but he said that “by Allah, if I have nothing but a wooden piece, I’ll fight with you people”. Ali also refused. Prophet (pbuh) decided to march to Makkah. An army of 10,000 marched on in a state of fasting until they reached a place called Al-Qadeed where

water was available. There they broke fast and resumed their movement. Al- ‘Abbas urged Abu Sufyan

to warn the Quraishites against any aggressive behavior towards the Muslims. The people within

Makkah dispersed in different directions. Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, Safwan bin Omaiyah and Suhail bin ‘Amr

encamped themselves in a place Khandamah to fight.

Prophet (pbuh) gave final touches for the military breakthrough

awaiting the Muslims, by Allah’s Will.

1. He appointed Khalid bin Al-Waleed as a leader of the right

flank of the army.to enter Makkah through its lower avenues.

2. Zubair bin ‘Awwam was to lead the left flank and would storm

Makkah from the upper side.

3. Abu Ubaidah commanding the infantry and was to penetrate

the city via a side valley.

They were given orders not to kill unless in self defense. Khalid bin

Al-Waleed worked his way successively killing twelve and

sustaining two martyrs. Az-Zubair set out and reached the Al-Fath

Mosque in Hujjun and waited there for the arrival of Prophet

(pbuh).

Friday 20th Ramadan: Prophet entered inside the Masjid Haram. He kissed Hijr Aswad and did Tawaaf on his camel.

Keys of Ka’bah: Prophet (pbuh) asked Ali to get the keys of K’aba from Uthman bin Talha, who refused to give the keys. Ali snatched it from him and Prophet (pbuh) entered Ka’ba. He saw images of Prophets Ibrahim & Ismael throwing divination arrows. He denounced these acts of Quraish and knocked down all the 360 idols placed inside, while reciting the verse of the Noble Quran:

17:81 – وقل جاء الحق وزهق الباطل إن الباطل كان زهوقا

"And Say: 'Truth has come and Batil (falsehood) has vanished. Surely! Batil is bound to vanish."

Inside the Ka’ba Abbas asked prophet (pbuh) to be given the keys of Ka’ba to his family & they are already responsible for providing water & food to pilgrims during hajj season.

Muslims Army

Makkah

Khalid bin Waleed

Zubair bin Awwam

Qais bin Saad

Abu Ubaidahb. Jarrah

Prophet

(pbuh)


At that time Jibrael (a.s) descended with verses:

يأمركم أن تؤدوا الما ا يعظكم به إن الل نعم كان سميعا بصيرا نات إلى أهلها وإذا حكمتم بين الناس أن تحكموا بالعدل إن الل 4:58۔ إن الل

"Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing & Seeing "

Prophet (pbuh) told Ali to return these keys to Uthman. When he returned the keys, Uthman surprisingly asked that you had just snatched these keys and now you are returning to me. Ali said that Allah (swt) has revealed verses to return it to you. On this Uthman declared Shahada and embraced Islam. Uthman bin Talha (Razi Allah ho un ho).

Prophet (pbuh) said that the keys will remain with him and his descendants forever. If someone does so, he will do injustice. Today over 1400 years have passed and the Ka’bah keys are still with the family of Uthman bin Talha.

• Prophet (pbuh) prayed inside the Ka’bah, came at the door and holding the two sides with his

hands addressed to the disbelievers of Makkah. He said, "I speak to you in the same words as

Yusuf spoke unto his brothers: He said: "No reprimand on you this day," [Quran 12:92]. Today you

all are free. There is no blame on you”

• Prophet (pbuh) gave a special privilege to Abu Sufyan, saying: "He who takes refuge in Abu

Sufyan's house is safe; whosoever confines himself to his house, the inmates thereof shall be in

safety, and he who enters the Sacred Mosque is safe."

• When time for prayer approached, Bilal ascended Al-Ka‘bah and called for prayer.

• Shedding blood of nine arch-criminals was declared lawful even under the curtains of Ka‘bah.

However, only four of them were killed while the others were pardoned for different reasons.

Forgiveness

• Ikrimah bin Abu Jahl, who had attacked Khalid's detachment at the time of the entry into Makkah, was forgiven.

• Wahshi, the murderer of Hamzah, the Prophet's uncle, and

• Hind, who had chewed liver of Hamzah were also forgiven.

IDOLS

DESTRUCTION

Shortly after the great conquest, Prophet (pbuh) dispatched:

• Khalid bin Al-Waleed (Ramadan 8 AH) to Nakhlah who destroyed the goddess called Al-Uzza adored by Quraish & Kinanah.

• Amr bin Al-As was sent to destroy another idol Suwa about 3 km from Makkah.

• Saad bin Zaid Al-Ashhali was sent to Al-Mashallal to destroy an idol Manat, admired by both Al-Aws and Al-Khizraj tribes.

The Messenger of Allah peace be upon him stayed in Makkah for 19 days.


Ibn Al-Qaiyyam described the conquest of Makkah as the greatest one by which Allah honored His

religion, Messenger, soldiers and honest party.

Humbleness: Prophet (pbuh) entered as a victorious commander in chief, but with great humbleness, head down and thanking Allah (swt). We should never show arrogance and always be humble for Allah’s blessings.

Forgiveness: Prophet (pbuh) had the power to take the revenge but he forgave all his enemies. We too should FORGIVE others to follow the Sunnah of our prophet (pbuh)

Justice: Islam promotes Peace and justice. The Ka’bah keys were not taken away from Uthman bin Talha and they were asked to retain the keys.

HOMEWORK

Conquest of Makkah happened in _______ AH

How many Muslims marched to Makkah with Prophet Muhammad (pbuh): __________

Keys of Ka’bah were given to:________________________________

Prophet (pbuh) stayed in Makkah for ________________ days.


Battle of HUNAIN - غـزوة حـنـيـن (8.10 AH)

After the victory of Makkah, some of the fierce, powerful proud tribes did not submit. Two of them

were Hawazin ( هوازن) and Thaqif ( ثقيف). So, they prepared to fight against the Muslims. On Shawwal, 9th

the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) left Makkah accompanied by 12,000 Muslims. Ten thousand of those had

previously shared in Makkah Conquest. Seeing such a large number, some of them said:

“We shall not be defeated.”

On 10th Shawwal, in the dark, just before

dawn Muslims started to descend into

Hunain valley. They were unaware of the

presence of an enemy waiting for them

inside the valley. While they were

camping, arrows began showering

intensively at them, and the enemy’s

battalions started a fierce attack against

the Muslims, who had to retreat in

disorder and utter confusion. It was such

a shatteringly defeat that Abu Sufyan bin

Harb, who had recently embraced Islam,

said that their retreat would not stop till

they reach the Red Sea.

Durign this confusion, prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said alood:

“Come on, people! I am the Messenger of Allah. I am Muhammad, the son of Abdullah.”

Muslims battalions started to return in the battlefield. After a fierce fight for few hours, the enemy was defeated. About seventy men of Thaqif were killed. Muslims took all their camels, weapons & cattles. Allah, Glory is to Him, mentions this sudden change in the Qur’an when He said:

“…Allah has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the day of Hunayn, when your great number pleased you, but it did not avail you at all, and the earth was confining for you with its

vastness; then you turned back, fleeing . Then Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger and upon the believers and sent down soldiers angels whom you did not see and punished those who

disbelieved. And that is the recompense of the disbelievers. [9:25, 26]

No matter how much strength we possess we must always remain humble and modest. When some Muslims said, “We shall not be defeated” is not a modest statement and Allah does not like it. Despite very large army, Muslim almost lost the battle.

HOMEWORK

The battle of Hunain was fought (before or after) _________________ the conquest of Makkah.

Muslims suffered heavy loss during the Battle. (yes no): _______________

Who won the battle of Hunain? _______________________

Jurana

To Taif

Arafat

Makkah

Valley of HUNAIN

Muslims march toward Hunain

Sharaye

Mushrikeen

Army


Invasion of TABUK (9.7 AH)

BACKGROUND:

The invasion and the conquest of Makkah was a decisive battle between Truth and the False. Arabs now

had no more doubt in Muhammad’s mission and large number of people started to embrace Islam.

The Byzantine were considered the strongest military force on earth at that time. Caesar was aware of

the progressive danger threatening his borders and decided to demolish the Muslims power in the

region. He mustered a huge army of the Byzantines and pro-Roman Ghassanide tribes for a battle.

Despite the hardships and drought Prophet (pbuh) was determined that the Muslims should fight the

battle at their borders. Many poor sahaba came & requested a ride so that they canalsoparticipate in

the battle. Tabuk is over 600 km from Medinah.When prophet (pbuh) could not proide then a ride, their

eyes would become tearful. Money was required for this battle, therefore Muslims raced to spend

money and to pay charities. Othman bin Affan has prepared a caravan for Syria with 200 camels, over

29 kg silver. All of it was given in charity. Then he gave more that it was 900 camels and 100 horses in

addition to money & valuables. Similar examples by Abdur Rahman bin Awf, Abu Bakr, Umar and many

others. Women gave their jewellary and poor sahaba gave one or two mudd of sadqa.

March to TABUK:

Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) marched

towards Tabuk with an army of

30,000 Muslims. Shortage of

provisions and mounts was so

serious that eighteen men mounted

one camel alternatively. At times

they had to eat the leaves of trees.

They had to slaughter camels so that

they could drink the water of their

stomach.

The travel time from Medinah to Tabuk was 20 days.


Land of Thamud: On their way to Tabuk, Muslims army passed through Al-Hijr, which was the native land of Thamud. They watered from its well but later the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) told them not to drink it, nor perform ablution with it. The dough was made with this water. But prophet (pbuh) asked them to feed their camels and forbade them to eat anything whatsoever of it. On reaching Tabuk, Muslim army camped there and was ready to face the enemy. Upon learning of the Muslims’ march, the Byzantines were terrified and they did not dare to fight. Prophet (pbuh) stayed in Tabuk for 10 days. The People Who Lagged: The Hypocrites and three believers stayed back without any reason. When Prophet (pbuh) reached Medinah, he prayed two Rak‘a, then he sat to receive his people. The hypocrites offered various excuses. Prophet acknowledged their excuses and invoked Allah’s forgiveness. As for the three faithful believers; Ka‘b bin Malik, Murara bin Ar-Rabi‘, and Hilal bin Omaiyah, who told the truth, prophet (pbuh) instructed his companions not to talk to them. They were subject to a severe social boycott. They felt as if the whole land had become constrained to them despite its spaciousness. After fifty days’ boycott Allah turned to them and revealed that in Quran accepting their repentance. Combined prayers: All the way Prophet (pbuh) performed combined prayer of noon and the afternoon; and so did he with sunset and evening prayers. His prayers for both were either pre-time or post-time prayers.

Some Important Events that featured the Year (9 AH):

• Pelting with stones the Ghamidiyah woman who confessed committing adultery.

• Death of Najashi king of Abyssinia. Prophet (pbuh) performed prayer in absentia for him.

• Death of Umm Kulthum, the daughter of Prophet (pbuh).

• Death of ‘Abdullah bin Abi Salool, the head of hypocrites, after Prophet’s return from Tabuk.

Muslims have strong faith in Allah, they can therefore face a very large enemy.

The door for repentance is always open. Allah forgives if we repent with sincerity.

During travelling we should shorten and combine prayer: Zuhr, Asr and Maghrib with Isha

HOMEWORK

Battle of Tabuk took place in: _______________ AH

The Muslim army marched for ________ days from Medinah to Tabuk.

Story of Thamud

&

The She-CAMEL

The people of Thamud lived in a valley called al-Hijr in the north of Arabia. They were very strong built and would make their houses inside the mountain rocks.

Allah sent Prophet Saleh, who told them to worship Allah but they laughed at him & would not listen. On their demand Allah sent a she-camel as a sign. Prophet Saleh warned them not to harm it. …. but they killed her. On this Allah sent a fearful cry, accompanied by great claps of thunder, and they were all killed. The land of the Thamudites still remains barren, caused by the constant curse from heaven.

ZUHR + ASR

MAGHRIB + ISHA


On the way to Tabuk, Muslims passed through Land of ______________, where Prophet _________was sent.

The Farewell PILGRIMAGE (10.12 AH)

After the accomplishment of the Message of Islam and the establishment of a new society based on

‘There is no god but Allah,’ and on Muhammad’s mission, a secret call arose in the heart of the

Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon him) telling him that his stay in this world was about to end.

Prophet (pbuh) left for Hajj on the 25th Dhul-Qa'dah 10 AH with more than one

100,000 companions. He tied ihram from Zul-Hulaifah, few kms from Medinah

and reached Makkah on Saturday, 4th Zul-Hijjah. On the 9th Zul-Hijjah after

reaching Arafat, Prophet (pbuh) delivered a very inspiring speech which was full

of advice and wisdom.

After praising, and thanking Allah he said:

“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst

you again. Therefore, listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those

who could not be present here today.

O people, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property

of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt

no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He

will indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest

obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict

nor suffer any inequity. Allah has Judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due

to Abbas ibn Abd Al-Muttalib (Prophet’s uncle) shall henceforth be waived…

Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead

you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.

O people, it is true that you have certain rights regarding your women, but they also have rights

over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah’s trust and with His

permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in

kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed

helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not

approve, as well as never to be unchaste.

O people, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the

month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.

All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has

any superiority over an Arab; also, a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any

superiority over white except bypiety (taqwa) and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother

to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a

Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore,

do injustice to yourselves.


Remember, one day you will appear before Allah and answer your deeds. So, beware, do not stray

from the path of righteousness after I am gone.

O people, no prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born.

Reason well, therefore, O people, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me

two things, the Qu'ran and my example, the Sunnah and if you follow these you will never go astray.

All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the

last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah,

that I have conveyed your message to your people”.

(Bukhari, 1623, 1626, 6361)

As soon as the Prophet (pbuh) finished delivering the speech, following Quranic verse was revealed him:

سلم دينا اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الإ

“This day I have perfected your religion for you, completed My Favor upon you, and have

chosen for you Islam as your religion.” [Surah Maidah 5:3] Upon hearing this verse ‘Umar cried. “What makes you cry?” He was asked. His answer was: “Nothing succeeds perfection but imperfection.” After performing Hajj, Prophet (pbuh) remained in Makkah for few days and thereafter returned to Medinah.

Usury is prohibited, be kind to women, all Muslims are brother to each other

We should be aware of Shaitan on smaller sins.

Worship Allah and stay on right path, hold on to Quran & the Sunnah.

Religion of Islam is complete and Allah has chosen this religion for all Mankind.

How many people accompanied Prophet (pbuh) for Hajj: ___________________

About Mu’adh bin Jabbal: Mu’aadh bin Jabbal (603-639) was a Ansar of Banu Khizrij. He compiled

Quran with five other companions during the lifetime of prophet (pbuh). He was known as a person with

lot of knowledge. Prophet (pbuh) said “He will lead the scholars in Paradise”.

He accepted Islam before the 2nd pledge of Aqaba.

In 10 AH Prophet (pbuh) told Mu‘adh to go Yemen to teach Islam. Before bidding farewell to him he said:

“O, Mu‘adh! You may not see me after this year. You may even pass by this Mosque of mine and my

grave”.

On hearing this Mu’aadh began to cry. When Mu’aadh returned to Medina, Abu Bakr was the caliph. He

accompanied Osama bin Zaid on Syrian expedition and died there in 18H due topalgue at the age of 34.

Tirmidhi (3790) narrated that Anas ibn Maalik said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: “The most

compassionate of my ummah towards my ummah is Abu Bakr; the strictest of them in adhering to the

command of Allah is ‘Umar; the most sincere of them in modesty is Uthmaan ibn Affaan; the most

knowledgeable of them about halaal and haraam is Mu‘aadh ibn Jabal; the most knowledgeable about

shares of inheritance is Zayd ibn Thaabit; the most knowledgeable of them about recitation of Qur’an is

Ubayy ibn Ka‘b. Every nation has a trustee, and the trustee of this ummah is Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarraah.”


HOMEWORK Every Muslim is a ________________ to every Muslim.

Allah says “This day I have perfected your religion for you………. and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.” Where this verse appears in Quran _____:_____

The Journey to ALLAH

The Call to Islam and the new faith was completed and established in Arabia, some signs started to appear that the messenger of Allah (pbuh) is set to leave. For example:

• In 10 H Ramadan, he did ehtikaf for 20 days, while he used to for 10 days.

• Then Jibrael (a.s) went through the Quran revision two times instead of one.

• In 10H zilhajj, he said I do not know that after this year I will meet you people & this place.

• Near Jamrat-e-Uqba, he said, learn from me how to perform Hajj, because after this year I probably will not be able to perform Hajj.

• During Ayyam-e-Tashreek (11,12,13 zilhajj), sura Nasr was revealed. This was an indication that it is about time to depart from this world.

On Monday 29th Safar 11 AH while returning from a burial in Baqee, he felt pain in his head & high fever. Thiswas the beginning of the illness which lasted for 13-14 days, out of which he led the prayers for 11 days. When the sickness grew severe, he moved to Aisha’s room & asked Abu Bakr (r.a) to lead the prayers. Aisha (r.a) would maoozat, supplications and make dumm on prophet (pbuh). Body temperature

increasd further and he would faint. He said to put water over me. He then went to mosque, sat on the

member and gave khutbah. He said:

• “The curse of Allah falls upon the Jews and Christians for they have made their Prophets’ tombs places of worship.” Then he said: “Do not make my tomb a worshipped idol.”

• He whom I have ever lashed his back, I offer him my back so that he may avenge himself on me. He whom I have ever blasphemed his honor, here I am offering my honor so that he may avenge himself.” A man then said: “You owe me three Dirhams.” Prophet (pbuh) said: “Fadl, pay him the money.”

One day before the death, prophet (pbuh) set free his slaves. He had seven dinars, which he gave as sadqa and gave his arms to companions. Aisha (r.a) borrowed some oil from her neighbor to ignite the night lamp. LAST DAY: He called his daughter Fatima (r.a) and whispered some words. She started crying. He again whispered then she started to laugh. Latter on when Aisha (r.a) inquired about it, she said that first time he said he will die to this illness & I cried. Then he said fromhis family I’ll be the first one to join him. On this I laughed. Prophet (pbuh) also gave the glad tidings to Fatima (r.a) that she is the head of all the women in the world. Pain grew so much severe that the trace of poison he had at Khyber came to light. It was so sore that he said to ‘Aisha: “I still feel the painful effect of that food I tasted at Khyber. I feel as if death is approaching.

He advised to companions: الصهلاة الصهلاة وما ملكت أيمانكم – “Prayer, Prayer and people who are in your custody”. He repeated these words several times. He would put his hand in water pot, while wiping his face. He repeatedly said, "There is no god but Allah. Death is full of agonies." (Bukhari 2/640)


As soon as he had finished his Siwak brushing, he raised his hand or his finger up, looked upwards and moved his lips. Aishah heard him say: "With those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace with the Prophets and the Truthful ones (As-Siddeeqeen), the martyrs and the good doers. O Allah, forgive me and have mercy upon me and join me to the Companionship on high" He uttered these words at intervals: “The most exalted Companionship on high. To Allah we turn and to Him we turn back for help and last abode.” This event took place at high morning time on Monday, the 12th of Rabi Al-Awwal, 11 AH. He was sixty-three years and four days old when he died. The great (loss) news was soon known by everybody in Medinah. Dark grief spread on all areas and horizons of Medinah. Abu Bakr came from his house, uncovered Prophet (pbuh), kissed him and cried. Then he went out and said: “He who worships Muhammad (Peace be upon him) should know that Muhammad (pbuh) is dead now. But he who worships Allah, He is Ever Living and He never dies. Allah says:

‘Muhammad (pbuh) is no more than a Messenger, and indeed (many) Messengers have passed away before him. If he dies or is killed, will you then turn back on your heels (as disbelievers)? And he who

turns back on his heels, not the least harm will he do to Allah, and Allah will give reward to those who are grateful.’” [3:1]

Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that ‘Umar had said: "By Allah, as soon as I heard Abu Bakr say it, I fell to the ground. I felt as if my legs had been unable to carry me so I collapsed when I heard him say it. Only then did I realize that Muhammad (pbuh) had really died" [Sahih Al-Bukhari]

Burial and Farewell Preparations to his Honorable Body A sort of disagreement arose about a burial place. Abu Bakr told: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: ‘A dead Prophet is buried where he dies.’ So, Abu Talha lifted the bed on which he died, dug underneath and cut the ground to make the tomb. People entered the room ten by ten. They prayed for Prophet (pbuh). The first to pray for him were people of his clan. Then the Emigrants, then the Helpers. Women prayed for him after men. The young were the last to pray. This process took Tuesday long and Wednesday night (i.e. the night that precedes Wednesday morning). ‘Aisha said: "We did not know that Prophet (pbuh) was being buried till we heard the sound of tools digging the ground at the depth of Wednesday night." (Ibn Hisham)


Prophet (peace be upon him), Attributes & Manners

HONESTY: Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was extremely honest & trustworthy in all affairs. Even before the

prophecy, he was known as al-SADIQ (Truthful) & al-AMIN (trust worth). He took caravan of Khadijah to

Syria and handled her business with diligence and sincerity.

FOCUSED to his mission:

He was so focused that he was ready to bear every hardship that came his way. People of Makkah

offered him, wealth, to be chief of Makkah, marriage to the most beautiful women, but nothing

deterred him from his mission and he remained steadfast and remarked:” Even if they place the sun in

my right hand and the moon in my left, I will not give up my mission.”

FORGIVENESS:

People refused to listen to him, and on many occasions, they were physically aggressive.

• Utaibah his ex-son-in-law once spitted on his face (which came back on Utaibah’s own face).

• Umm-e-Jamil (Abu Lahab’s wife) scattered thorns in his path, yet Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)

did not respond.

• One woman would throw trash on him every day when he walked past her house, but prophet

Muhammad (pbuh) never rebuked instead when one day the woman did not show up to throw

trash at him, it prompted him to visit her house. Finding that she is ill, he inquired about her

health. The woman was ashamed of her actions, repented at once and embraced Islam.

• When he entered Makkah as victorious, he forgave all his enemies.

A MODEST ruler:

• Despite being the ruler Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) never distinguished him from his

companions. He would eat and dress as other companions.

• He asked his companions not to stand (out of respect) for him, when he came to their

gatherings.

• He was friendly, modest and showed caring and loving attitude to everyone.

He led by setting EXAMPLES:

• In the battle of Trench, he took part in digging the trench.

• In the same battle, Muslims were and awfully short on food. A companion came to Prophet

(pbuh) and complained regarding his hunger and pointed to a stone fastened around his

stomach to prevent hunger. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) lifted his shirt and pointed towards

not one but two stones fastened to his own stomach.

SENSE of MERIT:

• Bilal bin Rubah was an Abyssinian slave. He was subjected to harsh treatment and ridicule.

Upon embracing Islam, he became a very important & distinguished personality for all times as

being the first Muslim to announce the call to prayer (Azaan).

• Khalid bin Waleed inflicted serious damages in battles between Muslims & Makkans, yet when

he repented Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) appointed him a respected commander of the Muslim

army and addressed him with the title Saifullah (Sword of Allah).


WISDOM:

• After battle of Badr, Muslims captured many prisoners of war. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)

ordained that those prisoners who were unable to pay their ransom could obtain freedom if they

teach ten Muslims to read and write.

SIMPLICITY:

• Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) always a very simple and modest life. He did not take any worldly

treasures for himself. When he died, there was no oil to light a lamp. He never valued this world

as compared to the life after.

• He always showed respect for the old, care towards the weak and loved children. He used to

spread a sheet of cloth in respect for his daughter Fatima and foster mother Halima Sadia every

time they would visit him.


S E T O T E A M D K

L T A B U K J L H E

A R U I L O B A M H

X H R H V N I Z B U

F W Z E C B S X Y N

G B R A A T H A I A

H E A R B E U P L I

U O T D S T H L O N

Q L S A R W D I P E

W M U’ T A H S D I L

Find Names of 7 battles (that you have read in this book)?

W M U H A R R A M J

R S A T R A A Z A A

E A W E A T M M S M

R H B Y B R A F H A

T N O I I D D G A D

S S B Y U - A H B U

A D M L L L N I A L

F F - O - T - P N -

A II E R II G H I I I

R A J A B A S H Y L

Hidden first 9 months of Hijri Calendar?

O I M R A N M J M N

E R V G C O H U R G

H X O L Q U E R Y Z

A R L V N C A Z T L

N E H A B R G Y A C

F C I H E H U O U M

A N R Z N N V H B R

L U Q A J O M J A D

O A X B A Y O D B V

C R L Z D G T R H R

Search Names of Sura revealed for:

Battle of Badr ANFAL Battle of Uhd IMRAN Battle of Ahzab AHZAB Battle of Tabuk TAUBA Battel of Hunain HUNAIN For Aisha (r.a) NOOR

A G C W T A L H A J

B B A L I B H O Z F

U J D H C U F Y U P

- O P U Z - W C B S

U B C M R B G K A A

B Q Y A K A L Q Y E

A F O R O K H P R E

D P V G B R J M O D

A W U T H M A N N O

H G Y X S A A D E N

Glad tidings of Jannah for 10 companions (find highlighted part of names):

1 Abu Bakr 2 Umar 3 Uthman 4 Ali 5 Talha ibn Ubayd-Allah 6 Zubayr ibn al-Awam 7 AbduRahman bin Awf 8 Saad ibn Abi Waqqas 9 Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah 10 Saeed bin Zayd


NOTES

seerah life of prophet muhammad (pbuh) · 2020. 8. 27. · seerah – life of prophet muhammad...

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