MENTORING

Structural Engineer

Self IntroductionVasudeo Pandya

• Name & Surname: Vasudeo Pandya

• Family Status : Married

• Educational Qualification : M.S. (Structural) University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

• Professional Career Summary: I have worked on large Oil Refinery and Thermal Power Plant Projects for last 25 years.

• Professional Achievement/special knowledge: • License Professional Engineer (P.E.) • License Structural Engineer (S.E.) in U.S.

• Most Projects : Peer Review/Checking (Structural ) of projects designed in house or designed by out side consulting companies.

WHO IS STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

• "An engineer with specialized knowledge, training, and experience in the sciences and mathematics relating to analyzing and designing force-resisting systems for buildings and other structures." A structural engineer usually has one of two roles on a building project, as identified by CASE:

• The Structural Engineer of Record (SER) "perform[s] or supervise[s] the analysis, design, and document preparation for the building structure and has knowledge of the requirements for the load carrying structural system." The SER is responsible for the design of the primary structural system, which is "the completed combination of elements which serve to support the building's self-weight, the applicable live load which is based upon the occupancy and use of the spaces, [and] the environmental loads such as wind, seismic, and thermal."

• A Specialty Structural Engineer (SSE) "performs structural engineering functions necessary for the structure to be completed and who has shown experience and/or training in the specific specialty." The SSE "is usually retained by a supplier or subcontractor who is responsible for the design, fabrication, and (sometimes) installation of engineered elements or by the general contractor or subcontractor(s) responsible for construction related services." Common examples of such elements are precast or tilt-up concrete, open web steel joists, pre-engineered cold-formed steel or wood trusses, and metal building systems.

• Emerging Issues• Structural engineers have a uniquely significant responsibility for

protecting the public relative to the other design disciplines. Architectural, mechanical, and electrical system failures usually result in unattractiveness, poor functionality, discomfort and/or inconvenience. A structural system failure almost always has more serious consequences, even in the best cases, there are often substantial costs associated with correcting what is or could become a life-threatening situation. As a result, professional liability insurance rates for structural engineers have been increasing, leading to the creation of the Risk Management Program (RMP). In addition, efforts are underway to establish board certification at the national level and expand separate licensure at the state level to "raise the bar" of qualifications to practice structural engineering.

Engineering Skills ChecklistDesign/Analysis

– Gravity Loads & General Criteria• Calculate Dead Loads• Calculate Live Loads• Calculate Live load Reduction• Calculate Roof Loads• Perform Column Load Tabulation• Calculate Temperature Effects and Expansion

Joint Locations• Calculate Seismic Mass

1.2 Foundation Design

• Column Spread Footings• Column Spread Footing with Moment.• Wall Strip Footings. • Combined Footing (eccentric)• Strap Footings• Mat Foundation• Drilled Straight Shaft Concrete Piers• Drilled Belled Concrete Piers (under reamed footings)• Auger Cast Concrete Piles• Driven Steel Piles• Cantilevered Retaining Walls• Basement Retaining Walls• Buttress Retaining Walls• Laterally Loaded Foundation Elements• Foundations on Expansive Soil

Steel Design• Beams with Bi-axial Bending /torsion• Non-Composite Spandrel BeamsComposite Beams• Composite Spandrel Beams• Vibration Control of Floor System• Open- Web Steel Joists• Open-Web Steel Joist Girders• Non-composite Beams• Truss Analysis/Design• Secondary Bracing• Columns (axial)• Columns (with bending)• Column Base Plate• Column Base Plate with Moment• Column Base Anchor Rods• Column Base Anchor Rods with Lateral Loads and uplift loads• Steel Embedment Plate Connection• Special Concentric Braced Frames• Ordinary Concentric Braced Frames • Special Moment Frames

Steel Design • Intermediate Moment Frames• Ordinary Moment Frames• Steel Deck Diaphragms (including deflection)• Concrete Topping on Composite Steel Deck for Point Loads• Concrete Topping on Composite Steel Deck Diaphragm• Simple Framing Connections• Braced Frame Connections• Long-Span Roof System Analysis/Design• Truss Connections• Moment Frame Connections• Eccentric Bolted Connections• Eccentric Welded Connections

1.3 Reinforced Concrete Design• Slab-on-Grade with Point Loads• Perimeter Grade Beams• One-Way Slab with Point Loads• Beam and Slab Construction• Slab Construction and Control Joints• Spandrel Beams (deflection control)• Pan-Joist Construction• Two-Way Slab Two-Way Flat Plate• Girders• Design for Torsion• Transfer Girders• Deflection Control• Vibration Control• Calculate Creep and Shrinkage Effects• Columns• Cast-in Place Walls• Tilt-Up Walls• Concrete Diaphragm• Special Reinforced Shear Walls• Ordinary Reinforced Shear Walls • Special Moment Frames• Intermediate Reinforced Moment Frames• Ordinary Reinforced Moment Frames• Steel Embedment Plate Connection

Lateral Analysis/Design• Determine Wind Forces for Components and Cladding• Determine Wind Forces for MWFRS• Determine Seismic Design Category and Forces for Components and Cladding• Determine Seismic Design Category and Forces for SFRS• Perform Vertical Distribution for Story Forces • Perform Horizontal Distribution of Forces• Perform 3-D FEM Model Static Analysis for Multi-Story Structures• Perform 3-D FEM Model Modal Analysis for Multi-Story Structures• Perform Lateral Analysis of Flexible Diaphragm Structures• Perform Lateral Analysis of Rigid Diaphragm Structures• Design Diaphragm Chord, Collector, Drag-Strut for Wind Loads• Design Diaphragm Chord, Collector, Drag-Strut for Seismic Loads• Perform Site Specific Ground Motion Procedure• Direct Analysis Method• Stability Checks• Evaluate Existing Structure with ASCE 31• Determine Seismic Forces on Nonstructural Components.

Software• AutoCAD 2-D• AutoCAD 3-D• Revit Structure• Sketch-Up• GoTo Meeting• Write Engineering Spreadsheet Programs with Exce• SAP 2000/RAM Frame/STAAD/RISA-3D• ETABS• RAM Steel• ADAPT – PT• SAFE• RAM Concrete• DESCON (Steel Connections with AISC 360-05)

• Reference IS Codes• 1. IS:456 – 2000, Indian Standard Code of Practice Plain and Reinforced

Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi• 2. IS:800 – 2007, Indian Standard Code of Practice Structural Steel, Bureau

of Indian Standards, New Delhi• 3. IS:875 (Part 3) – 1987, Indian Standard Code of Practice Design Loads

(Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures – Wind Load, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi

• 4. IS:1893 (Part 1) – 2002, Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi

• 5. IS:1904 – 1986, Indian Standard Code of Practice Design and Construction of Foundations in Soils: General Requirements, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi

• 6. IS:13920 – 2003, Indian Standard Code of Practice Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi

U.S. CODES Relevant Codes and Standards

• American Concrete Institute (ACI) – ACI 318-05, ACI 318-08 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete – 530/530.1-11: Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry

– Structures American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) – AISC 303-05 AISC Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges – AISC/ANSI 360-05, AISC 360-10 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings,

Allowable Stress Design and LRFD Design – AISC/ANSI 341-05, Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings

• American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) – AISI S100-07, North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel

Structural Members, 2001• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)

– ASCE 7-05, ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

– ASCE 37, Design Loads on Structures During Construction