semesterdocumentation space ship · 2018. 11. 9. · preface - markus heinsdorff. 4....

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TUM EBB Univ. Prof. Florian MussoBaukonstruktion und Baustoffkunde

S e m e s t e r d o c u m e n t a t i o n

Low-cost with modular elements

Space ship

SemesterdocumentationSummer term 2016

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Content

Preface - Markus Heinsdorff 4Semesterprogram 8Students works 11

• Casamaran

• Foldable Cube

• Flexi-Haus

• Hunting Shelter

Workshop pictures 42

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Preface

Low-cost buildingThe creation of suitable living space is a global challenge.The need to build quickly and inexpensively offers the big opportunity to develop widely implementable construction systems to provide living space for everyone. Countries and cities could become huge experimental laboratories generating expert knowledge in the field of low-cost building and produc-ing specific architectural solutions which can also be exported to regions in need of help. Architects will become low-cost experts and in pursuing their own interest in simple construction systems countries and cities will develop unique know-how in a global discipline.Regional and global applications for con-structions made out of recycling materials for temporary spaces for foldable or modular buildings can create new synergies. This demands a suitably flexible design that can be adjusted to the local climatic conditions, material availability and traditional ways of living.The concept of a kit-of-parts, providing the essentials to build cost effectively and with environmental consciousness, which can also be erected by unskilled workers, provides an interesting and sustainable solution. The application of mobile smartphone-based QR or barcode construction manuals or the creation of local start-ups as so called „social entrepreneurs“, may lead to new building concepts, especially concerning the struc-tures’ subsequent use.

Walls and ceilings can be filled with various locally available materials. In order to create a globally usable, sustain-able solution the aim should be to create a construction system that is as climate neutral as possible. In achieving this, the use of recycled or scrap materials and going as far as building with waste should be at the top of the list. The building kit itself is completely recyclable and/or deconstructable. It can be removed without leaving a trace, unlike the debris left by other temporary structures when used in countries without established systems for recycling or reprocessing. The reuse of a low cost building in Germany or neighbouring countries - even if used only temporarily – is almost guaranteed. In a city such as Munich, there is not only a lack of living space, but also of working space for artisans or creative industries. What remained of post-war bar-racks, have either long since been turned into established facilities, museums or have been torn down.

The cycle of use emphasises the experimental concept of the building kit. The priorities should not only lie on aesthetically pleasing designs that are able to blend seamlessly into the urban fabric, but on designs that demonstrate an open mindset for forward-looking and globally applicable architectural solutions. Low cost building concepts for the temporary or permanent densification of cities also offer promising possibilities – who wouldn’t like to live on a roof top with the view over the city? This way of building is exemplified by the student housing and hotel in central Johannesburg/ South Africa in which the new space is created from shipping containers stacked atop the silo of a former factory. Even slum buildings, constructed from the findings of the sur-roundings, may be seen as masterpieces of creativity. These days, many slums or favelas have become tourist attractions or – as seen in Bombay – the supply centre of a city. Mobility is made possible or supplemented in apparently inaccessible situations by cableways that often become an attraction themselves.

The same can be achieved in different ways with cost-efficient buildings. Buildings can be seen as pieces of art, as the simplest envelope or even as a newly devel-oped definition of space - especially with an experimental approach. This might be closer to reality and more likely able to show solutions for the upcoming challenges than todays building solutions that fail to provide the space required.

A final prototype will be researched and developed in a two year project together with the chair of Building Construction and Material Science of the Technical University Munich, starting in autumn 2016. In a joint workshop on the building kit topic held in the last summer semester, the students’ designs already showed numer-ous and creative possibilities of applications. Entitled “space ship”, the project worked with extremely lightweight metal profiles in combination with gabion cages to develop new modular construction methods for pos-sible use in different climate zones. The title “space ship” represents the idea of mobility and pioneering spirit as well as the relation to water and air. These are topics that gain ever greater importance for build-ing as a result of climate change.

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S e m e s t e r d o c u m e n t a t i o nMarkus HeinsdorffMarkus Heinsdorff deals with the topic of space and architecture in his work as an installation artist, in which his key focus is on the artist’s perspective.He has published two books regarding his space-projects, concerned with design with nature and mobile spaces respectively.

In this work, not only have completely new connection technologies been developed in cooperation with engineers and universities, but the complete reusability of the buildings has been a key criteria. As a result, numer-ous pavilion buildings have been created - which have been used to present Germany in India and China – which have toured 10 megacities over 7 years. The highlight was a two-storey bamboo pavilion that was been erected as the second German Pavilion on the Expo 2010 in Shanghai. In 2017, the pavilion will be reopened as a museum building in Hangzhou, near Shanghai (as part of Herzog & de Meuron’s new museum quarter).

Heinsdorff’s wide experience, gained as a result of building with regional firms and local materials, traveling through many diverse cultures and at times through areas of extreme poverty, migrant settlements, get-ting to know indigenous peoples and their building styles, have inspired his work in the field of low-cost building. This has resulted in constructions that address both environmen-tal and social concerns, and as demonstrated by the kit of parts concept, how buildings can be realised with the simplest of materi-als, minimum space and energy.

Examples include the much recognised recent work “Rotor”, which offers regions without access to electricity the possibility of producing their own regenerative power around the clock. The prototype, developed in cooperation with mobile hydro team has been published as an open-source project so that it can be implemented around the world, and collaboratively optimised for diverse applications.

In Michamvi, Zanzibar, an old cistern was converted into a new water station whose 10m tall wind collecting tower not only natu-rally cools the villagers but has also

become a key village locale and social hub. All the demolition waste from the old water tank has been repurposed, filling gabions as seating opportunities around the tower and creating an ‘ownable’ installation which fur-ther provides an example of ‘pure recycling’ in the public space that is also of interest in our society.

One of Heinsdorff’s earliest projects work-ing with waste materials was the 50m2 round gabion tower filled with the plastic waste of the surrounding beaches that was constructed as a permanent art installation at the new Green Point Park sports stadium in Capetown, South Africa. The tower’s basic framework was constructed according to low-cost principles from fast-build, corrosion-resistant lightweight profiles.

These and further experimental construc-tions provide the basis for the construction kit-of-parts and building with gabions idea. The first open kit-of-parts construction can be found in the Domaine de Boisbuchet, France, providing an 18.5m2 test construc-tion for the study of stability, erection and connection options. The development of this light-weight modular construction system for application in diverse regions and various uses will be undertaken in collaboration with experts and universities and will also take advantage of the experience of ‘Engineers without Borders’.

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construction kit2015 Domaine de Boisbuchet, France

Extremely light construction for individual or modular buildings made from bolted sheet metal profiles with a bracing by steel wires. The gabion walls and ceilings of the 18.5m2 building can be filled with various materials as locally available before being finished with boards, textiles, membranes or render.

ocean dome2015 Green Point Park, Capetown, South Africa

Permanent installation made from 50 gabions filled with plastic rubbish coll-ected from Capetown’s beaches: An experimental art construction for the use of waste as a recycled resource.

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Semester program

Workshop conceptThe students will be asked to develop inno-vative solutions for design and usage of a low-cost house within a 3 month workshop together with the installation artist Markus Heinsdorff. Their solutions should be be based on the design concept described below. The workshop aims at designing a ‚micro house‘ (approx. 6qm) that offers high flexibility towards different forms of usage and can be built using standardized, locally available materials.The design basis consist of three modules and includes several options for experimentation:

1. space object: standing alone, combined, with or without substructure (pile construc-tion). Materials: corrugated metal, wood/bamboo/metal frame, glass etc.

2. pile construction: extremely light subst-ructure made of bamboo or steel tubes (dry construction elements) that can be stiffened with steel wire

3. gabione foundation: as floating body (house boat or floatable shelter in case of emergency) or on ground as seating device, shaded space beneath the object, PET bottles recycling opportunity, chicken cage, garde-ning space, etc.

The best solutions will be adapted for the ori-ginal design to build a prototype for a mo-dular light-weight construction as building kit that combines an artistic and a functional approach.

The workshop will be held in exchange with students of the Kengo Kuma Lab., University of Tokyo, who will be working on a similar conceived object. This is supposed to offer the students the possibility to mutually bene-fit from their - often culturally shaped - ap-proaches towards material, joint techniques, design and usage in order to generate an in-ternational perspective on the topic of „low-cost building“.

TaskIn a workshop in the middle of June we will build a prototype of the low cost „space ship“ house, under the leadership of the artist Mar-kus Heinsdorff. Before we start the realisati-on, all participants have to design construc-tion details for the low cost building. We will work in groups.

Work groups / components:- gabione foundation- pile construction- space object- furniture

Design workEach work group will design detail solutions for one component. We recommend three work steps.

1. ResearchWhat does Low Cost Building mean? This question is the heart of the first step. You will research materials, mechanical connections and tools that are useful for developing a Low Cost Building.

2. StructureWith the knowledge from the research phase you will develop solutions for the construction and design of all parts of the Space Ship. We are looking for simple, buildable solutions for mechanical connections and joints. All solu-tions have to be realised with simple tools.

3. Detailing- Plan with a typical construction detail 1:1 horizontal section, vertical sections, isometric drawing- Plan of your part of the building 1:10 with all necessary drawings (section, elevations, etc)- List of all required materials, including mechanical connections and joints

PresentationThe results of phase 1. have to be presented in a PowerPoint-presentation with up to 10 slides. The results of design phases have to be presented on a poster in a DIN A1 (portrait).

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S e m e s t e r d o c u m e n t a t i o nCabinsubstructure (pile construction). corrugated metalwood/bamboometal frame, glass

Furnitureminimum configuration

Pile constructionlight substructure bamboo or steel tubes (dry construction elements) stiffened with steel wire

Gabione foundationfloating body ground as seating deviceshaded spacePET bottles recycling chicken cagegardening space

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Casamaran

Carlos Bonilla, María Luz Gonzáles, Christina Marco

Carlos Bonilla - María Luz González - Cristina MarcoSPACE SHIP WORKSHOP- LOW COST MODULAR CONSTRUCTION

Detail 1

Detail 2

Pile construction: zigzag structure as a base of the space object.

Round gabion: gabion fill with plastic bott-les, recycable materials that can float. These gabions are tied with the trusess so all the structure, except the anchors, float together as a ship.

Space object: space design as a shelter with the same typo-logy of the structure of the pile construction below.

Transversal truss: tie truss that also act as a foundation of the pile construction on top. It is composed of ten hollows and it has the same length as the anchor ga-bions.

Rectangle gabion: gabion fill with stones that work as a anchor of the structure. These two gabions are half-buried in the soil and support the loads of the complete structure.

Longitudinal plates: light still plates that share out the loads of the structure on top to the anchor gabions.

Longitudinal still profiles: still profile that tie the main trusses of the structure together.

Detail 2 Scale: 1/2

Special connection piece:this steel round piece serves as a joint connection between the base structure in zig-zag with the pile structure, forcing the profiles to be in 90ºangles, as perfect frames .

.

Pile structure frames.

Connection piece of wood.

Small piece of wood in angle in order to screw the profiles among them.

Profile from the longitudinal trush in the base structure Profile from the

transversal trush in the base structure

Profiles from the trush struture in the base.

Diagonal bar with double U profile in order to brace the frame.

Diagonal bar with double U profile in order to brace the longitudinal trush.

Detail 1 Scale: 1/2

Knot between the longitudinal trush and the transversal trush.The diagonals are used in both directions in order to brace the frames of the structure.

Carlos Bonilla - María Luz González - Cristina MarcoSPACE SHIP WORKSHOP- LOW COST MODULAR CONSTRUCTION

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diagonal view

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Foldable Cube

Diego Buonanno, Francesco Padovan, Eleonora Velluto, Alessandro Zanola

Foldable Cube The basic ideas of our project are modularity and the

use of easily available materials.

Structural elements are built with lightweight aluminium

C-profiles. These are usually applied in dry-wall con-

struction and have the advantage of being cheap

and ready to use, as they are already galvanized. This

means that the surface of the elements is covered by a

thin layer of zinc, which prevents it from oxidizing and

rusting: No further treatment is needed.

These profiles are combined in a 1 x 2 metres frame,

which is the module of our whole design. Pieces requi-

re to be joined with dry connections, like screws, rivets

and bolts, as they are too thin to be welded. This also

simplifies the construction process, as the tools needed

are readily available and easy to use.

To achieve more stability, as this kind of material is not

meant to be load-bearing, the structural pieces are

doubled to get a rectangular section, for a higher tor-

sion resistance.

The structural frames are screwed to the gabion foun-

dation, filled with stones, and to the upper house. Our

project is based on the use of ventilation to achieve

thermal comfort inside the house. The external cladding

and the roof are made of corrugated steel sheets,

which are separated from the structure. By separating

the internal structure from the external skin, the heat

collected by the metal sheets is not delivered to the in-

side. The pieces used to fasten the facade elements to

the structure, as well as the ones used to achieve the

roof inclination, come from the disassembly of the pal-

lets used in the transport of the construction material.

Space Ship Workshop - Summer semester 2016 Diego Buonanno - Francesco Padovan - Eleonora Velluto - Alessandro Zanola

A B C D

1

2

3

4

5

100

100

100

100

100 100 100

Roof Detail

Concept

Structural Plan 1:10

Aggregative ConceptThe spatial disposition of the modular cu-

bes allow a wide range of urban conge-

gration. The sigular element could be join

and added in new parts in order to an-

swer to the emergency needs.

Foldable SystemThe foldable system is based on the pos-

sibility to fold every frame in a 1 per 2

meters frames.

The Self-bearing structure doesn’t provide

of particolar adding pieces and this allow

a better efficency in the construction mate-

rial trasportation and realisation.

Clima DesignThe foldable structure could be integrated

with a system of covering textile material

to create a better shade from the sun light.

Meanwhile the indoor space over the pi-

lar construction is controlled by a double

roof skin, ideal for warm climate condition

and two big openings that provide a flux

and ventilation.

Spatial SystemUnder the pilar construction the-

re is a covered free space.

The disposition of the under

space was think in order to ge-

nerate 3 different use of it, the

proposal is for complete all the

funcional parts for our space

ship project.

Als the possibility to create new

function with the aggregation

of the gabion founfdation allow

a wide range of option. the fist

one is to use this as entrance

stairs to reach the upper level.

Another advantange of the un-

der space is the possibility to

create small stocking boxes in

the “ cul de sac” spaces where

to collect rain water from the

gutter.

Storage spaces

Exposition spaces

Seats


Shelter Plan 1:10

Connection Detail

AxonometryThe pallet’s timber bo-

ards can be used for

the inside floor and

walls covering.

Our idea of low-cost

construction is hence

based on the use of

few different materials

(C-profiles, metal sheets

and pallet pieces) and

of easy connection de-

tails, that can be achie-

ved with tools that are

available for everyone.

Modularity means also

prefabrication, whi-

ch would imply faster

assembly of the con-

struction elements on

the site.

We also tried to convey

this to our 1:10 model,

by using simple mate-

rials, like wood sticks

and paper, and simple

tools, cutters instead of

laser-machines.


Gabion Foundation

Pilar Construction

Shelter Structure

Roof Structure

Basic Frame 1:10

Corrugated metal sheet

5x2250x500mm

Surface to collect water, slope 5%.

C profile amended

5x50x50mm

Joining element to connect the gutter to the first structure.

Wood Block pallet

1000x1200mm

Supporting structure of the covering layer.

Frames doubled C profiles

6x1000x2000mm

Primary structure.


6x1000x2000mm

PIlar structure. fixed with rivets and screws


6x1000x660mm

Gabion system using the frame structure.

Metal stainless grid

The Gabion is surronded by a metal grid to

contain foundation recylce materials..


6x1000x2000mm

Primary pavement structure.


5x2250x500mm

Vertical surface as a cladding

Ventilation system

100mm

Interstitial space.

Wood cube connectors

100x100x100mm

Supporting elements

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detail:foldable pile construction

diagonal view

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Flexi-Haus

Nathan Davies, Findlay McFarlane, Yasaman Nikpour

Nathan Davies// Findlay McFarlane// Yasaman NikpourSPACE SHIP WORKSHOP

��

Foundation Pile Detail 1:5

Wall Roof Detail 1:5

Wall Pile Detail 1:5

Exploded Isometric 1:20

The design of the Space Ship is centred around

the idea adaptability of the module, to function in

various climates, and in various organisations.

Dry-wall steel sections make up the frame of the

structure, which rests of gabions of stone. Plas-

tic bottles are used as insulation between panels

of corrugated steel and timber sheathing. The

transparency of the bottles also allows for the

‘windows’ to remain insulated, whilst

Three sides of the module are built as flexible

panels, enabling the resident to choose the

combination and arrangement of solid and

transparent walls. These panels are also able to

be removed completely in order to connect one

module to another. This enables the Space ship

to be connected in small communities,

becoming a viable solution for the many housing

crises which appear in the world today.


Floor Plan 1:10

Natural Ventilation Pressure-driven VentilationElevations 1:50


Modular Plan 1:25 Modular Plan 1:25

��

Low-Cost construction means, in some capacity, the module should be able

to be easily constructed without any, or very little, knowledge of

erected and connected with relative ease. Each steel section arrives with a

unique QR code printed onto its surface. The Space Ship Construction App

scans these codes and provides clear information and simple infographics

describing how to connect this piece to any other.

Scanning any of the unique QR

codes through the app brings up

images and information

explaining how each piece is joined

to its neighbour.

A simple interface provides a step-

by-step simple explanation of the

entire construction process.

The Space Ship Construction App

would be available on all major

operating systems.


Based on concept from Markus Heinsdorff

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detail:connection pile construction - cabin

diagonal view

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Hunting Shelter

Alvan Ng, Anthony Wong, Cao Zulue, Yang Weichuang, Zhou Wentao

Corrugated Metal-SheetUse:Roof & WallsAmount required:Roof: 17.28sqm2Wall: 34.9sqm2Total Cost: 195€

Steel C ChannelsUse:Floor joist/ ColumnsAmount required:Floor: 3Walls: 6Total Cost:85€

Steel CableUse:Tension RodAmount required:22.4mTotal Cost: 8€

Base PlateUse:Connect odd angle polesAmount required:14Total Cost:14€

EBB1516 LOW-COST WITH MODULAR ELEMENTS: SPACE SHIP ALVAN NG ANTHONY WONG CAO ZULUE YANG WEICHUAN ZHOU WENTAO

The house comprises three parts: the foundation, the space ship and the roof.

Triangular structures of the space ship and of the foundation unifies the design aesthetically.

The house can be break down into modular units which adds possibility for future modification.

Possible future addition and combination.

Wood Deck BoardsUse:Floor plateAmount required:8m2Total Cost:21€


Customized steel joints

Steel C channels

Steel Cable


The Hunger Games

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3

2

4

1

3

2

4


The Hunger Games

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detail:pile construction

diagonal view

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detail:pile construction junction

lateral view

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Workshop:detailing of construction joints, experimental 1:1 modeling

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semesterdocumentation space ship · 2018. 11. 9. · preface - markus heinsdorff. 4....

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