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k"0f{;dfg'kflts eg]/ xfdLn] klg eGof}+/ dfcf]jfbLn]klg eg] . ;a}n] emg}emg}:jLsf/]/ kf6L{sf] gfddf xfdLn] ef]6 lbg'kg]{/ kf6L{x¿n] cflbjf;L hghflt, dw]zL, blnt,dlxnfsf] gfddf cfˆgf] dfG5]nfO{ ;L65'6\ofpg] eGbf xfd|f] cfGbf]ng ToxfF k'U5 lsk'Ub}g < h:t}, sf+u|];sf], Pdfn]sf] hghftL/ dw];sf] ;f+;bn] hghflt / dw];sf] cfjfha'nGb ?kdf p7fPsf 5}gg\ . k"0f{;dfg'kfltsePklg hgtfn] bnx¿sf] gfddf ef]6xfNg'kg]{ clg bnx¿n] ef]6sf] andf slt;L6 kfpF5g\ ToxfF pgLx¿sf] kfl6{sf] dfG5]hfg] xf] . cfGbf]ngsf] ?kdf t xfdL ToxfFk'Ub}gf}+ . efiff / hfltsf] cfGbf]ngdf nfUg] tToxfF k'Ug] cfwf/ g} ePg . t/, cflbjf;Lhghflt / dw];Lsf] gfddf kf6L{ btf{ eof]eg] dtsf]cfwf/df k|ltlglwTj x'g;S5 .

cj:yf klg xf]Og . clxn]sf] ;ftbnsf] r'gf}tLs] 5 eg] zflGtk"0f{tl/sfn] qmflGt Nofpg;lsG5 ls ;lsGb}g < ls;fgsf] b]zdfzflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] e'ld;'wf/ x'g ;S5 ls ;Sb}g< zflGtk "0 f { tl/sfn ] ljleGg hflthghfltx¿n] :jfoQtf k|fKt ug{ ;S5g ls;Sb}gg\ . zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] jftf{af6 ;dfwfgx'gk5{ elg/fv]sf] a]nf x'g ;s]g eg] zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] t x'g g;Sg] /}5 . To;sf] nfluan} k|of]u ug'{kg]{ /}5, Oltxf;n] oxL elg/fv]sf]5 . hgtf km]l/ xltof/ p7fpF5g\ . cfd ls;fghgtf zf]if0faf6 d'Qm x'g;S5 ls ;Sb}gg\ <cyjf cfd cflbjf;L hghftL, dw];L, dlxnf,blntx? pTkL8g / pk]Iff cflbaf6 zflGtk"0f{tl/sfn] d'Qm x'g ;S5g ls ;Sb}gg\ <clxn];Dd t s]xL b]lvPsf] 5}g . cfd"nkl/jt{g zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] ;+ljwfg;efaf6k|fKt x'g ;S5 ls ;Sb}g <

clxn]sf ] /fhgLlt ;Demf }tfsf ]pknlAw ePsf] sf/0fn] nf]stGq klg k"0f{?kn]gx 'g ] / xfdL cf lbjf;L hghf ltn ];+ljwfg;efdf efu lnP/ xfdL :jfoQtf kfpg;S5f}+ ls ;Sb}gf} < To;}df xfdL ;z+lst5f}+ . d}n] pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf eGb} cfPsf] 5'—ef/tdf ;a}n] /fHo kfP t/ emf/v08n]kfPg . zflGtk"j{s ;+3if{ u/], / klg kfPgg\ .ha pgLx¿sf] …emf/v08 d'lQm df]rf{Ú eg]/u7g u/]/ ;+3if{df pq] ta emf/v08 k|fKtu/] . To:t} :jLh/n}08sf] klg To:t} 36gf5 . kRrL; jif{ ;z:q ;+3if{ u/]kl5 c?;a}n] /fHo kfPsf] t/ Ps ;d'bfon] kfPgg\ .lsg kfPgg\ eGbfv]/L g]kfnsf dw];Lx¿nfO{z+sf u/]h:t} pgLx¿nfO{ k|mfG;;Fu ;Ldfgfhf]l8Psf] 7fpFsf], k|]mGr efiff af]Ng], ToxfFpgLx¿n] /fHo lbPdf k|mfG;d} ufA5g\ eg]/pgLx¿nfO{ :jfoQtf glbPsf] /x]5 /pgLx¿n] klg kRrL; jif{ nuftf/ ;+3if{u/]kl5 aNn :jfoQ /fHo k|fKt u/] .

k|ltlglwn] clxn]sf] ;/sf/n] h]–h] u¥of 5To;df ;xL5fk dfq} ug] { xf] eg] Tof];+ljwfg;efsf] s] cy{ /Xof] <

clxn] g} ;ft bnn] ;+3Lotf ;DaGwLlg0f{o u/] eg] j}wflgstf x'Fb}g, d]/f] ljrf/df .lsgeg] xfdLn] vf]h] cg';f/sf] k|fKt x'Fb}g .eP klg To;nfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf cg'df]bgu/fpg nuftf/ cfGbf]ng ug'{kb{5 . To;/Lklxn]sf] lg0f{o ;+ljwfg;efdf cg'df]bg ug'{eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt s'/fxf] .

g ]kfnL hgtf cfd "n kl/jt {grfxG5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ g} cfd"n kl/jt{gsf]afxs eGg' ldNb}g . cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] s'/fubf{ v]/L ca ha/h:tL qmflGt eP/ tLqmflGtsf/Lx¿n] dfq} cfd"n kl/jt{g Nofpg;S5g\ . clxn]sf] ;Demf}tfdf 6'+luPsf] qmflGteof] . o;/L ;Demf}tfsf] kl/0ffdsf] ?kdf cfPsf];+ljwfg;efnfO{ rflx+ cfd"n kl/jt{g g} Nofpg;S5 eGg] s'/f eGg ;ls+b}g . oltv]/ ToxLqmflGt ug]{ dfcf]jfbLsf] s'/f t dfGo gePsf]cj:yfdf xfdL dfcf]jfbLeGbf klg a9L kl/jt{grflx/x]sf 5f}+ . of] cj:yfdf t emg} ;Dejb]lv+b}g . cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] nflu qmflGt x'g'g} afFsL /Xof] . Tof] slxn] eGg] s'/f ;don]atfpFnf .

To;sf/0f, ca zflGtk"0f{ kl/jt{gsf]dfq} af6f] /Xof] . zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] ;fdGtL/fh;+:yf 9Ng] ef] . cfd"n kl/jt{g jfqmflGtaf6 ePsf] eP t plxNo} /fhfn] b/af/vfnL ug'{k¥Yof] . nfvf}+ hgtf pq]sf] elgPsf]hgcfGbf]ngdf t gf/fo0flx6L j/k/ klg k'Ug;s]sf lyPgg\ .

of] ;+ljwfg;ef;Fu} /fhtGqsf] pGd"ngt x'G5 To;nfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ cfd"n kl/jt{g g}ePsf] dfGg ;lsG5 . t/ To;kl5 s:tf]vfnsf] u0ftGq :yfkgf ug]{ eGg] s'/frflx+k|i6 x'g ;s]sf] cj:yf 5}g . lglZrt eO;s]sf]

;dfg'kflts t ePsf] 5 . %*Ü ;dfg'kflts/ $@Ü PsfTds ePsf] 5 . To;sf/0f,;dfg'kflts} rflx+ gePsf] xf]Og . k"0f{;dfg'kflts x'g'kg]{df ldl>t ;dfg'kfltseof] . To;df klxn]sf] eGbf s]xL k|ltztylkof] . ;a}lt/sf] cfGbf]ng bjfasf sf/0f%) k|ltztaf6 %* df k'Uof] . ;dfg'kflts /klxnf] x'g]n] lhTg] - first pass thepost)k|0ffnL 36]/ $@ k|ltztdf em¥of] .o;nfO{ ;fg}df klg pknlAw klg 7fGg' kb{5 .csf]{ t ljsNk} lyPg ls cfGbf]ng g} ha/h:t3f]if0ff u/]/ ;+ljwfg;ef eP klg gePklgxf];\ eg]/ jf u0ftGq klg cfcf];\–gcfcf];\r'gfj k|0ffnL g} km]g'{k5{ eg]/ hfg ;Sg' k¥of] .t/ Tof] klg l:ylt aGg ;s]g . ag]sf] eP t;a} cfGbf]ngd} hfGYof] . To;df xfdL klgsdhf]/ /Xof}+ xfdLn] klg of] cfGbf]ngnfO{;zQm agfpg ;s]gf}+ . /, tTsfn b]zJofkL?kdf cfGbf]ng u/L k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgk|0ffnLdf kms{g] l:ylt clxn] b]lv+b}g .

of] csf] { sG6«f]el;{on s'/f] xf] .;+ljwfg;ef eg]sf] ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL hgtfn]cfˆgf] b]zsf] ;+ljwfg cfk}mn] agfpg], ;a}eGbf;fj{ef}d, ;a}eGbf ;jf]{Rr lgsfo xf] . of];ftbnl;t cfGbf]ngsf] Dof08]6\ t 5 t/lgjf{lrt t sf]xL klg xf]Ogg\ . u0ftGqsf]3f]if0ff ubf{ t oqf] cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 .To;sf/0f ;+ljwfg;efn] g} to ug]{, ToxfF;fj{ef}d hgtfsf k|ltlglw x'G5g\ .

;+3Lotf eGof}+ t/ s:tf] vfn] ;+3Lotf< s:tf–s:tf :jfoQtfx¿ /fVg] < Tof]clwsf/ t ;fj{ef}d ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ x'g'k¥of]lg . cyjf clxn] g } to ul/P klg;+ljwfg;efnfO{ dfGo x'G5, x'Fb}g < s;}n] gf}j6f,s;}n] !# j6f, dw];df Ps :jfoQ k|b]z cflby'k|} 5g\ . olb ;ft bnsf] ;/sf/n] ;a} tLsfo{ ug]{ hf] On]S6]8 klg xf]Og . hf] ;fj{ef}dhgtfsf] k|ltlglw eP/ cfpg] ;+ljwfg;efsf

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$& *

xfdLdf /fhgLlts r]tgfsf] cefjePsf]n] kf6L{ vf]Ng]eGbf v]/L emGem6 ePh:tf],cft+lst ePh:tf] c/fhgLlts nIf0fx¿b]lvg cfpF5g\ .

csf ] { lt/, /fhgLlts kf6L {x¿n]hgtfsf] rfxgf cg'?k sfo{ gu/]kl5 To;dfljb|f]x x'g] xf] . Tof] t b]lvof] t/ zlQmsf]?kdf b]Vg ;lsPg . dw]zdf cfGbf]ng tp7\of] t/ pN6} k'm6\g yfNof] . zlQm emgemga9]/ hfg'kg]{df zlQm 6'lqmP/ uPkl5 s;/LxfdL d'lQm kfpg ;S5f}+ / </fli6«o :t/df jfhftLo :t/d} klg Tof] vfnsf] ljb|f]x cfpggofF k':tfsf h'emf? g]tf, sfo{stf{ hGdg'kg]{b]lvG5 . To:sf nflu tTsfn kf6L{ :yfkgfu/L oxL ;+ljwfgdf s]xL ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]xf]Og, ;do nfU5 . Tof] w}o{tf / ;a} hfltdfPstf rflxG5 . To:sf] nflu eflifsf / hftLor]tgf hfUg cfjZos 5 .

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts eljio Psbd}clglZrt 5 . To;f] eGb}df lg/fz x'g'kg]{klg 5}g . lg/fz x'g' k6Ss} cfjZos 5}g .clxn]sf] tTsfnsf] cj:yf eGg] xf] eg]/fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] h:tf] cflbjf;Lhghflt dw];Lx¿sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ult g}Psbd l9nf] / dGb ultsf] b]lvG5 .qmflGtsf/L ult x'g'kYof{], cfGbf]ngsf] . oxfFt cfGbf]ngsf] ult g} x/fPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 .To;n] ubf{ clglZrt 5 . csf]{lt/ x]bf{cfGbf]ngx¿ klg Tolt ;zQm ?kdf p7\gg;Sg'n] ubf{ klg clglZrttf b]lvG5 .

ca xfdLn] /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿s} lg0f{o:jLsf/ u/]/ hfg'kg]{ xf] ls w]/} ;Defjgf tToxL+ 5 . cfGbf]ngdf klg Tolt ;zQm gePsf]sf/0f klg b]zsf] eljio Psbd} clglZrtb]lvG5 . xfdLn] rfx]h:tf] xf]nf h:tf] 5}g .

sgg\bfª;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf cffwfl/t .

k4lt cflbjf;L hghflt cfGbf ]ngn]rfx]h:tf] x'g g;s]sf]n] o;n] agfpg] ;+ljwfgcflbjf;L hghfltn] rfx]h:tf ] cfpg];Defjgf sd 5 tfklg kv{ / x]/sf] gLltcg';f/ oxL ;+ljwfg ;efn] s]xL rdTsf/u/L kf] xfN5 ls eGg] emLgf] cfzf eg] afFsL/fVg afWo 5f}+ . r'gfjL dfxf}n alg/x]sf];Gbe{df cflbjf;L hghflt dtbftfx?df cas;nfO{ dt v;fNg] eGg] lrGtf knfpgyfn]s]f 5 .

ef]6 v;fNg s] x]g]{<

ljsNkM !klxnf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf eg]s]f ax'bnLo

Joj:yfdf bnx?s} e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ x'g]x'gfn] s'g bnnfO{ ef]6 v;fNg] eGg] s'/f g};jf{lws dxTj sf] x]f . bnx?nfO{ b[li6utubf{ clxn];Dd ;ft /fhgLlts bnx?n]

ljifok|j]zn}grf}/l:yt ef/tLo /fhb"tfjf;df

ef/tLo /fhb"t lzjz+s/ d'vhL{n] g]kfnLsf+u|]; / dw]zL cfGbf]ngsf g]tfx?sf] aLra}7s u/fPkl5 k|wfgdGqL / dw]zLcfGbf]ngsf aLr ;xdlt eO{ cfGbf]ngsfsfo {q mdx? lk mt f { eP/ dw ]z LcfGbf]ngsf/Lx? lgjf{rgdf xf]ldPkl5 caeg] 3f]lift ltly r}t @* ut] lgjf{rg x'g];'lglZrttf a9]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs/fli6«o d~rx? / cflbjf;L hghfltcfGbf]ngsf/Lx? klg lgjf{rgdf xf]ldPkl5;'lgZrttf emg a9\of] . g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s;d:of ef/tLo kIfsf] dWo:ytfdf ul/Psf];DaGwdf eg] ef/tsf] x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]wx?klg eO/x]sf 5g\ / x'g' kb{5 . k|yd x'g]lgjf{lrt x'g] / ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgsf] aGb;"rLsf ] 6 'ª \uf ] nflu;s]sf ]n ] bn /pDd]bjf/x? k|rf/–k|;f/df nfUg yfn]sf5g\ . lgjf{rg x'g ca kfFr xKtf hltdfqafFsL 5 . cflbjf;L hghfltx?nfO{ of];+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg tftf] cfn' lgNg' gcf]sNg' ePsf] 5, cyf{t\ …vfpFm eg] @#(jif{sf] afx'gjfbL, lkt[;QfjfbL, kxf8LofPsflwsf/jfbLsf] l;sf/ gvfpFm eg] cfˆgf]d"nynf], hdLg, hª\un, kfgL, vfgL,r/0fnufotsf k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?dflysf]clwsf/ u'dfPsf sfG5f af / sfG5L cfdfsf]cg'xf/Ú ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg ;efs]f lgjf{rg

;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdfcflbjf;L hghfltsf] ef]6 s;nfO{ <kf6L{ jf gLlt x]/]/ ef]6 lbg] ls JolQm jf hflt / lnª\u x]/]/ <

– 8f= s[i0f e§rg

uLtbLnf d'S;fd ofSy'ª\af

wfg}df gfrf}+ kfnfd}dfldnfO{ efsf rf/fg}df .

kfgL x} k¥of] bzwf/fxfdL x}+ eof}+ a];xf/f .

;Lwf / ;f]emf] eOafFRof}+d'6'em}+ df6f] ;fFlr/fVof}+ .

hfnL / emf]nL xfdL 5}gcsf{sf] vf]:g' /fd|f] x}g .

ltd|f] x} df6f] ltdL ;fFRg"ltd|f] x} wtL{ ltdL afFRg" .

bfh' efO x'g' slt /fd|f]s;nfO{ kf] yfxf olt rfd|f] .

lg/Lx eO{ afFRg' x'Ggn'sfO{ cfF;' xfF:g' xGg .

wtL{sf k'q xfdL g} xf}+o'dfsf ;Gtfg xfdL g} xf}+ .

gflnu]g yfª\a]Þg\ ca p7l;;fu]g\ dÞ]lG5g\ ca h'6 .

j}rfl/s tª\l;ª yfDb} a:g'd'Gw'd} afFrL ln< tf]ª\ w:g" .

ga; 7"nL ;df{OdfhLjg laTnf kvf{Odf .

lnDa'jfg cfdf afFr]sL l5g\z}o\ofdf Zjf; ;fFr]sL l5g\ .

of;f]s –$ ;'AhgL, kfGy/lnDa'jfg k|b]z,êê

5nkmn

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$ kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$( !)

hghfltx?n] g]t{Tj u/]s]f bnnfO{ g}cTolws ef]6 lbP/ hLtfpg kg]{ x'G5 . o;f]eof] eg] klg oL hftLo bnx? ;+ljwfg;efdflg0ff {os ax 'dtdf geP klg hftLo:jfoQfsf ;fjnnfO{ hf]8bf/ ?kdf p7fpg]/ hftLo :jfoQfsf kIfw/ dfcf ]jfbLnufotsf kf6L{x?;+u tfnd]n u/]/ ax'dtdfk'Ug] ;Defjgf /xG5 .

ljsNk #M;dfg 'kf ltsdf dfcf ]jfbLx? /

cflbjf;L hghfltx?n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] hftLo:jfoQtfsf nflu ;+ul7t kf6L{nfO{ dfq ef]6v;fNg] t/ klxnf x'g] lgjf{lrt x'g]df eg]/ fhgL lts bnx?nfO { x ]/ ] /eGbf klgpDd]bjf/x?nfO{ x]/]/ ef]6 v;fNg] csf]{ ljsNkx'g;S5 . cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxt hftLo,eflifs / If]qut :jfoQtfsf af/]df ;fj{hlgsk|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf h'g;'s} bn jf :jtGqpDd]bjf/nfO{ ef]6 lbg] . g]kfnL sf+u];, Pdfn]nufotsf bnx?df bnsf] gLlt h] h:tf] ePklg s]xL pDd]bjf/x? JolQmut ?kdf hftLo,eflifs / If]qut :jfoQtfsf kIfw/x? klg5g\ . klxn] o:tf] k|ltj4tf gb]vfPsf ePdtbfg ug]{ lbg ;Dddf o:tf] ug]{ pDd]bjf/nfO{ef]6 v;fNg] . o:tf] ug]{x? cflbjf;L hghflt/ u}/ cflbjf;L hghflt 5g\ eg] cflbjf;LhghfltnfO{ ef]6 lbg] . o:tf] ug]{ u}/ cflbjf;Lhghflt 5 t/ gug]{ cflbjf;L hghflt 5eg] u}/ cflbjf;L hghfltnfO{ ef]6 lbg] . o:tf]k|ltj4tf ug]{ pDd]bjf/x? k'?if / dlxnfx?5g\ eg] dlxnfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] . oyfy{dfoxL ljsNk a9L k|of]df cfpg] ;Defjgfb]lvG5 . o:tf] ePsf] v08df ;+ljwfg ;efdfhftLo, eflifs / If]qut :jfoQtfsf ;fjnx?hf]8bf/ ?kdf p7\g] 5g\ t/ ;DalGwt bnn]o;sf lj?4 JxLk hf/L u/]sf] v08df yfGsf]nfUg] x'G5 .

;+ljwfg;efn] agfpg] gofF ;+ljwfgdf hftLo,eflifs / If]qut :jfoQtf ;'lglZrt x'g]kSsf 5 . o;sf nflu csf]{ cfGbf]ng /bjfa ug{ cfjZos x'g]5}g . t/, o:tf] ug{sf+u|];, Pdfn] / cGo kf6L{sf cflbjf;Lhghfltx? hf] kf6L{sf] gLltdf s6\6/ 5g\pgLx?n] cfkmg} kf6L{nfO{ ef]6 v;fn] klghf] hftLo :jfoQtfsf] rfxgf /fV5g\pgLx?n] kf6L{ nfOg tf]8]/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ef]6 lbgkg]{ x'G5 . s] o:tf] Jojxf/df ;Dejx'g;S5 < dfcf]jfbLx?sf] pkl:ylt ;se/b'O{–ltxfO{ / geP klg ax'dtdf eP dfqhftLo :jfoQtf ;'lglZrt x'g;Sb5 .cflbjf;L hghfltx?n] dfcf ]jfbLnfO {Psnf}6L ef]6 glbP dfcf]jfbL ax'dtdfcfpg ;Sb}g . ax'dtdf gcfP dfcf]jfbLn]cfkm" k|ltj4 ePsf] hftLo, eflifs / If]qut:jfoQtfsf nflu ;+3if{ ub}{ /xg]5 t/;+ljwfgdf o;sf] ;'lglZrtf x'g] 5}g /Jojxf/df ef]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

hftLo :jfoQtfs} nflu gofF lgdf{0fePsf] g]jfM /fli6«o kf6L{, tfD;fnLª /fli6«okf6L { , / ; +3Lo nf ]stflGqs /f l i6 «od~rx?nfO{ oL bnx?n] pDd]bjf/L lbPsflgjf{rg If]qsf cflbjf;L hghfltx?n]cTolws dt v;fn/] lhtfpg kg]{x'G5 .t/, bn u7g ePb]lv clxn];Dd /fhgLltst/ª\u gcfPsf] lx;faaf6 oL bnx?n]clxnn]nfO{ s]xL /fhgLlts cy{ lbP klgklxnf x 'g ] lgjf { lrt x 'g ]a f6 eGbf;dfg'kflts lgjf{rgaf6 s]xL ;L6x? Nofpg;S5 . olb o:tf] eof] eg] c?n] lbPsf]l;6eGbf cfkm"n] lht]sf] ;L6 a9L zlQmzfnLx'G5 . cflbjf;L hghflt dtbftfx?n]dfcf]jfbL / hftLo :jfoQtfs} cfwf/dfcflbjf;L hghfltx?n] g} g]t[Tj u/]sf bn/ dfcf]jfbL aLr /f]h]/ ef]6 v;fNg kbf{d fcf ]j fb LnfO { eGbf k lg cf lbjf;L

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Source: usnepalonline.com

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;fd'bflos / hftLo hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt x'g] lgjf{rgk|lqmof cjnDjg ul/g' kg]{ dfu u/]sf lyP .;fd'bflos k|ltlglwTjaf6 ;d'bfox¿sf];xeflutf / ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTjaf6/fhg}lts bnx¿sf] pkl:ylt ;+ljwfg;efdfx'GYof] . cflv/ ;+ljwfg t hgtf s} nfluagfOg] s'/f xf] . t/ /fhg}lts bnx¿n]o;nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]gg\ . To; kl5 cflbjf;Lhghfltx¿n] k"0f{ ;dfg'kfltsdf hf]8 lbP,of] klg ePg . ca r}q @* ut] ldl>tlgjf{rg k|0ffnL cg'¿k ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjx'Fb}5 . o;af6 k|i6 x'G5, ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjcflbjf;L hghfltx¿n] rfx] cg'¿k x'guO/x]sf] 5}g .

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gofF g]kfnsf] cg'xf/df lnDa'jfg hftLo:jfoQtfsf] :yfkgf sltsf] glhs b]Vg' x'G5< :jfoQ /fHosf] If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ lnOg]

cfwf/ / s ] Gb | / :jfoQ /fHoaLrclwsf/x¿sf] jfF8kmfF8n] dfq hftLo :jfoQtf:yflkt eof] ePg eGg] lglZrt x'G5 . clxn]xfd|f] ;/f]sf/sf] ljifox¿ g} log} x'g\ . lnDa'jfghftLo :jfoQtf :yfkgfsf ] ; +efjgfjf:tljstfdf kl/jt{g x'g nfu]sf] b]lvG5 .

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lnDa'jfg hftLo :jfoQtfsf] dfu lnDa"nufot lnDa'jfg If]qdf a;f]af; ug] {lnDa'jfgjf;Lx¿sf] ;du| ljsf;sf] nflu xf] .of] ljifonfO{ lj:t[t ¿kdf k|i6 kfbf{ u'gf;f]x¿:jtM ;dy{g, ;xof]u / ckgTjdf kl/jt{gx'g] ;+efjgf 5 / Tof] xfdLn] ls/ft ofSy'ªr'Dn'ªsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ;f+:s[ltscleofg / ;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0f tflndsf]qmddf ul/Psf] cGt/;+jfb sfo{qmdk|ltsf]k|ltlqmofaf6 a'em]sf 5f} / dx;'; u/]sf xf}= .

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;xof]u / lg0f{odf ;+:yfut ;xeflutfdfcfwfl/t x'G5 . ;+hfndf cfP/ Pp6f lg0f{oug]{, sfof{Gjog cs}{ ug]{ sfd eP . To;n]ubf{ xfd|f] ;+hfnsf] cfjZostf, cf}lrTo /k|efjsf/Ltfdf k|Zg v8f ePsf] h:tf] nfU5 .af:tjdf, ;+hfndf cfa4 h–h:n] h:tf] h:tf]cfGbf]ng u/] klg To;df ;+hfnn] u/]sf]lg0f{ox¿n] j}rfl/s g]t[Tj k|bfg u/]sf] k|i6b]lvG5 .

ca df]rf{df hfg] ;f]r 5 ls 5}g <df]rf{df hfg] ghfg] s'/f cfjZostfdf lge{/x'G5 . hxfF;Dd ;+hfnsf] k|Zg 5, o;sf]cfjZostf ;+ljwfg;ef kl5 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf];dodf cem a9L b]lvG5 . t/ o;sf] sfdug]{ z}nLdf eg] Jofks 5nkmn u/L sfd ug]{z}nLdf g} ;femf a'emfO{ :yflkt ug'{ kg]{cfjZostf ;+hfndf cfa4 ;a}n] u/]sf 5g\ .

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;+3Lo lnDa'jfg /fHo kl/ifb ;Da4 ;+3Lonf]stflGqs d~r / g]kfn ;/sf/aLr ePsf];xdltnfO{ r'Dn'ªn] s;/L x]/]sf] 5 <;xdltx¿nfO{ lnDa'jfg k|flKtsf] lbzf pGd"vPs ;sf/fTds sbdsf] ¿kdf ls/ft ofSy'ªr'Dn'ªn] lnPsf] 5 .

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/}5 . zlQm ;Gt'ngdf e/ kbf{ /} } 5 .zlQmx?sf] aLrsf] ;DaGw s:tf] cj:yf/xG5, To:df cGt/lglxt x'bf]/}5 . o:n]ubf{ sltko s'/fx? ;Daf]wg ul/ /x]sf] xf]eg] sltko rLhx? s'g}a]nf cfTdlg0f{osf]c lwsf/sf ] k | Zg :joQtfsf ] k | Zg ,;+3fTdstfsf] k|Zg s;}sf] lglDt xjfOsNkgfsf] ljifo aGof] . xfFl; dHhfsf] ljifoklg aGof] . g]kfn ax'hftLo , ax' /fli6«od'n'sf] xf] eGbfv]/L of] xjfO sNkgfsf] ¿kdfx'GYof], t/ klg lg/Gt/ ;+3if{sf] k|lqmofsf]qmddf sd;]sd PsfTds k|0ffnL cGtu{tk5{ eGg] s'/fdf Psxb ;Dd ;Demf}tf ePsf]5 . Jojxfl/s kIf cem} afFsL 5 . ;+ljwfgt cIf/ dfq n]Vg] s'/f ;+ej ePsf] 5 .hghftL, dw];Lx?sf] ;+3if{ ;a} ;+3if{sf]aLraf6 cGttM zAbsf] ¿kdf dfq ePklg ;+3Lo k|0ffnL :jLsf/ ug' { jfWoagfOPsf] 5 . of] leqL cfTdfn] :jLsf/u/]sf] ljifo eGbf cfGbf]ngsf] kl/l:yltn]o:tf] kfl/P/ :jLsf/ u/]sf] xf] . s]lxldqx?n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|Zgsf] af/]df s}of}+ldqn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;+ klg ;'Gg tof/lyPgg\ t/ nfdf] ;do ;Ddsf] Tofu /alnbfgn] cGtt ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj:jLsfg{ jfWo eP . cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/:jLsf/ x'b}g, ;+3Lo k|0ffnL cg';f/sf]lgjf{rg k|0ffnL ckgfpF eGbf klg :jLsf/ePg . :jfoQtfsf] k|0ffnL cg';f/ lgjf{rgk|0ffnL ckgfpF eGbf klg lgjf{rgdf hfbfPsfTds k|0ffnLdf hfg] ;f]rx? 3':of] .PsfTds k|0ffnL cg'?k hfbfv]/L km]/L plxk'/fgf] ;+;bLo z}nLdf x'g] eof] .

-cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«ok|lti7fg kfFrfF} ;+rfns kl/ifb a}7s @)^$df3 # ut] af]Ng' ePsf] efif0fsf] ;+kflbtc+z_

cj:yf o:tf] 5 ls @#( aif{sf] PsfTds/fHo Joj:yfn] ubf{ k'/} lj:yfklt eO{ /fv]sf]cj:yf / nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ .ltgLx?sf] xsdf ;+3Lo k|0ffnL / :jfoQtfclg cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/n] dfq ;Daf]wgubf{ k'Ub}g . o; k|sf/sf nf]kf]Gd'v cj:yfdfk'u]sfx?sf]xsdf ljz]if clwsf/ ;lxt jfljz]if ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{ h?/L 5 . o;k|sf/sf] dfGotfsf] cfwf/sf ;a}sf] /fhg}ltsclwsf/nfO{ Joj:yfkg ug'{sf] nflu /fHosf]k'gM;+/rgf ug'{ h?/L 5 . /fHosf] k'gM;+/rgfgul/sg of] PsfTds /fHo Joj:yfnfO{lju7g ug{ ;lsGb}g . cyjf lju7g ug{h?/L 5 Tof] lju7g u/]/ /fHosf] ;du|;+/rgfdf cfd'n kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 .efjfgfTds 9+un] k'gM;+/rgf ug{ h?/L 5 .Tof] eg]sf] ax'/fi6« d'n'sx?sf] l;4fGtsf]cfwf/sdf k'GfM;+/rgf ug] { s'/f xf ] .PsfTdstfjfbL dfGotfsf] cfwf/df xf]Og .To;}n] of] dfGotfnfO{ ;+Daf]wg gul/sgcfhsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g]jfnf 5}g .

of] ;d:of k'/f ug{sf nflu oltv]/sf]cj:yf s:tf] ?ksf] cj:yf 5 < ;+ljwfg;efPp6f cfGbf]ngsf] cj:yf xf] . clxn]sf];+qmd0fsflng cj:yf ;ftbnsf] Pstf,cGtl/d ;/sf/ cfGbf]ngsf] :j?k xf] .;qmd0fsflng kl/l:yltsf] ;fk]IftfdfcfGbf]ngsf] oltv]/sf] r/0fsf] ;fk]IftfdflgZlrt ?kn] s]lx s'/f ug{ ;lsG5 . s]lxkl/jt{gx? ug{ ;lsG5 . xs clwsf/x?:yflkt ug{ Ps xb;Dd hfg ;lsG5 .

/fhg}ltss zlQm ;Gt'ngnfO{ klgx]g{ h?/L 5 . sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngs} s'/fug]{ xf] eg] & ;fnaf6 ;'? ePsf] xf] . t/klg lsg nf]stflGqs k4tL :yfkgfx'g ;s]g< lsg sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng ;kmn x'g ;s]gt < cfGbf]ngsf] ultdf ljrf/, lrGtg ,b[li6sf]0f sf ;fy} cfGbf]ngsf] ultdf e/kbf]{ êê

/fHozf;g u/]sf lyP .Oltxf;n] g]kfnsf] klxnf] afl;Gbf

/ zf;s ls/ftLx¿ x 'g \ eg]sf ] 5 .ls/ftLx¿ g]kfns} pTklQ x'g\ jf aflx/af6cfPsf x'g\, o; ljifodf Oltxf; k|i6 5}g .g]kfndf cgflbsfn -uGg} g;lsg], slxn]xf] slxn]_ b]lv g} ls/ftLx¿ a;f]af; lyPeGg ;lsG5 . sltko Oltxf;sf/x¿n]ls/ftLx¿ g]kfnsf] ljleGg lbzfaf6 g]kfn

Oltxf; ;fFIfL 5, k[ \jL{ g]kfnsf]lnDa'jfg– df]/ª/fHosf k|frLg cflbjf;Leg]sf] vfDaf]ª\af ofSy'ª\af -lnDa"_x¿ x'g\ .;fob, dfgj ;[li6sf] z'?sfnb]lv g} lnDa"-ofSy'ª\af_x¿ To; If]qdf a;f]af; /x]sf]x'g'k5{ . pgLx¿ g} ToxfFsf] klxnf] afl;GbfPjd\ zf;s ePsf] sf/0f To; 7fpFsf] gfd,lrGx / klxrfg klg pgLx¿n] g} /fv] .Odfgl;ª r]Dhf]ª\sf cg';f/ ;ftf}F ztfAbLdf

lnDa'jfgdf dw]z tyfsf]lrnf /fHosf] dfu

k|sfz oS;f] lnDa"

tfO/f]ª j+zL dflg;x¿n] dfj/f]ª /fhfsf]g]t[Tjdf pQ/ jdf{sf] gfdefj, tfOt]Da],gfdufd t]Da] gfdsf hUufx¿af6 a;fO{ cfO{lnDa'jfg b]zsf] t/fO{ v08df hª\un kmfF8LhUuf cfjfb u/] . Tof] cfjfb u/]sf] dw]zv08nfO{ pgLx¿s} g]tfsf gfdaf6 To;Onfsfsf] gfd dfj/f]ª /fv], h'g\ zAbsf]cke|+z cfw'lgs df]/ª x'g uPsf] xf] . cl3lnDa'jfgsf] t/fO{ v08df dfj/f]ª lnDa"/fhfn] /fHozf;g ug' { klxn] ;f]Oofsnfbf]xfªn] rf}aL; y'dsf] /fhf e} ;fgu9L /hnfnu9L agfO{ kxf8 tyf dw]z b'a} If]qdf

k;]sf x'g\ eGg] u/]sf 5g\ . oxfF dfgj;[li6sf] ljsf;;Fu;Fu} l;sf/L o'u / sGbd"ncfxf/fsf] vf]hLdf dflg;x¿ Ps 7fpFaf6csf] { 7fpFdf ;g] { jf a:g] qmd ePsf]x'g;S5 . t/, ;ft ;d'Gb| kf/sf b]zx¿dfdflg;x¿ s;/L cfP jf uP xf]nfg\ <cgs06f/ 3gf hª\un, lxdfn s;/L kf/u/] xf]nfg < cg';Gwfgs} ljifo ePsf] 5 .

h'g ;do o; k[YjLdf dfgj ;[li6 tyfhLjhGt'x¿sf] pTklQ eof], Tof] s'g} Ps 7fpFdfdfq geP/ ;+;f/sf] ljleGg 7fpFx¿df ePsf]x'g'k5{ . /, ToxLFs} df6f], xfjfkfgL cg'?k

lnDa'jfgsf] oxL P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ldsf] cfwf/df lnDa'jfg/fHonfO{ g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo /fHo k|0ffnLdf Ps ljlzi6

:jfoQ ;DkGg /fHosf] ?kdf /fVg'kg]{ / d'b|f, k//fi6 /;'/Iff ljifoafx]s ;Dk"0f{ ljifox¿ lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf

cGtu{t\ /xg'k5{ eGg] hf]8bf/ dfu /x]sf] 5 .

ljrf/ ax;

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$ kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$@! @@

ltgLx¿sf] ?k, /ª\ tyf cfsf/–k|sf/sf]ljsf; ePsf ] x 'g 'k5 { . ToxL qmddflxGbdxfåLksf] pQ/k"jL{ v08df To;t} s'g}Ps hfltsf] pTklQ ePsf] xf]nf . kl5 cfP/lxGb" v;x¿n] ltg} hfltnfO{ ls/ft cyf{t\ls/ft]Zj/ eg] xf]nfg\ . To;}sf] Ps ;d"x -pkzfvf_ k"jL{ g]kfnsf] lnDa" hflt -vfDaf]ª\afofSy'ª\af_x¿ x'g'k5{ . log} vfDaf]ª\af ofSy'ª\af-lnDa"_ x¿ g} jt{dfg k"jL{ g]kfn v08 -lnDa'jfg /fHo_ sf] e"ldk'q tyf k|frLgcflbjf;L (Original tribes) sf] ?kdflrlgG5g .

h'g ;do vfDaf]ª\af ofSy'ª\af -lnDa"_x¿ lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHodf a;f]af;tyf /fHozf;g ub}{ lyP, Tolta]nf;Dd oLdw]zL hfltx¿ ToxfF a;f]af;/t lyP jflyPgg\ s'g} k|i6 Oltxf; tyf k|df0f e]l6Psf]5}g . kl5 Oltxf;sf] ljleGg sfnv08x¿dfoL dw]zL hfltx¿ pQ/ k"jL{ ef/tsf] ljleGg7fpFx¿af6 jt{dfg k"jL{ g]kfnsf] lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHodf cfO{ a;f]af; u/]sf x'g\ .Vivaswan Kumar eGg''x'G5– "Ghimire(1992, Forest or Form? The Politicsof Poverty and Land Hunger inNepal, Oxford University Press)states that Tharu migrated from indiain 15th and 16th century, and thus areof Indian-origin as many othercommunity of Madhesh and Bahun-Chettris of hills including King’sdynasty are (TELEGRAPH NEPALBLOGS)."

To;}sf/0f, lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHodfdw]zL hfltn] /fHo :yfkgf u/]/ /fHozf;gu/]sf] k|i6 Oltxf; -k[i6e"ld_ st} e]l6Gb}g .lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHodf a;f]af; /x]sf dw];Lhfltx¿sf] k'Vof}{nL yft\ynf] eg]sf] pQ/ k"jL{ef/tsf] ljxf/, cf;fd, pQ/k|b]z, a+ufn

zAb;fu/df pNn]v ePg';f/, lxdfno–laGWokj{t–k|ofu / k|flUjgzg If]qsf] aLrdfkg]{ e"efu_ nfO{ …dWob]zÚ elgG5 . oxLdWob]zsf] cke|+z zAb …dw]zÚ x'guPsf] xf] .e'nfO{ rf}w/Lsf] cg';f/–"Madesh wassituated in Uttar Pradesh of Indiaor on the South of Vindhyachal hillor nearby Vidhyachal, and thoseinhabiting there were known asMadeshi. These historical andgeographical evidences show thatTarai of Nepal is very far fromNarbada River, Vidhyachal hill ofthe Uttar Pradesh Prayag, Ambalaand kuruchettra. This shows thatMadhyadesh has never been close tothe border of Nepal or adjoined theNepal territory (TELEGRAPHNEPAL BLOGS, March 15, 2007)."o; laifodf uf]ljGb Gof}kfg] o;/L eGg'x'G5–æO;fk"j{ 5}6f}+ ztfAbLdf pQ/ ef/t tyfjt{dfg g]kfnsf] blIf0fL ;dtn d}bfglt/ a'4wd{sf] k|rf/ eO/x]sf] lyof] . o;}a]nf u+uf /od'gfsf] d}bfgL efudf a;f]af; ug]{ s§/afx'gx¿n] a'4 wd{nfO{ To;If]qaf6 lj:yflktu/fP/ cDanfb]lv k|ofu;Ddsf] d}bfgnfO{dWob]z eGg] gfd lbP . oxL zAb kl5 ljs[t

cflb If]qx¿ d'Vo x'g\ . sf]r/fhj+zLx¿sf]s'Fr ljxf/ -klZdr a+ufn_ tyf cf;fd–sfd?ksf] Ujfnkf/f, sqmfemf/, af]GufOug,lb;k'/ / lwdfnx¿ (Dimasas) sf] cf;fd,pQ/ s5f/, s5f/ lxn, sflj{Pªnf]Ë,gfpuf]Ë, gfufNof08 tyf xfKnf]Ë lhNnfx¿d'Vo /x]sf 5g\ . yf?–ofbj, d';ndfgx¿sf]pQ/k|b]z, pQf/fGrn, a+ufn tyf ljxf/If]qx¿nfO{ d'Vo dfGg ;lsG5 . t/ o;sf]cy{ pgLx¿ g]kfnL jf lnDa'jfgaf;L gful/sg} xf]Ogg\ eg]sf] xf]Og . pgLx¿ g]kfnL /lnDa'jfgaf;L b'a} x'g\ . t/, pgLx¿ h'ga]nfg]kfn jf lnDa'jfg If]qdf cfPsf lyP,Tolta]nf ;Dk "0f { g ]kfndf ls/ftL /lnDa'jfgdf lnDa"n] /fHo zf;g ub}{ lyP .kl5 Oltxf;sf] ljleGg sfn v08x¿df, d'Vou/]/ g]kfn / ef/tsf] v'nf ;Ldfgfsf] sf/0fn]ubf{ g]kfnsf] t/fO{ If]qdf dw];L hfltsf]hg;ª\Vofsf] rfk a9\b} uPsf] xf] . /, clxn]cfP/ g]kfnsf] t/fO{ v08sf e"ldk'q dw];Lhfltx¿ x'g\ cyf{t\ …dw];Ú dw];L hfltsf]dfq dft[e"ld xf], c?sf] xf]Og eGg' laNs'ncfwf/xLg / cJojxfl/s s'/f xf] .

csf]{ a'‰g} kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] g]kfnsf];Dk"0f{ t/fO{ v08 jf:tjdf dw]; g} xf]Og .d'Vo dw]; If]q eg]sf] t pQ/k"jL{ ef/t -pQ/k|b]z <_ sf] ljzfn d}bfgL efu -g]kfnL

lnDa'jfgdf k'u]sf]uf]/vfnL ;]gfn]

lnDa'jfgdf k6s–k6scfqmd0f u/]sf] ePtf klglnDa'jfg ;]gf;“u nutf/

k/fho ef]Ug' k/]sf] lyof] .To;}sf/0f, /fhf

k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn]s"6gLlts tj/n]

lnDa'jfgsf s]xL lnDa"/fhfx¿ ->L z'g lnDa",

>L s'd\ lnDa" / >L hª\ulnDa"_ nfO{ cfˆgf] xftdf

lnO{ la=;+= !*#! -;g\!&&$_ df Ps P]ltxfl;s

;lGw ;Demf}tf ug{ ;kmnePsf lyP . oxL la=;+=

!*#! sf] ;lGwn] lnDa'jfg/fHo -c?0f–;Ktsf]zL

gbL k"jL{, d]rL gbLklZrd, pQ/ ltAat /blIf0f hnfnu9_ nfO{

g]kfn clw/fHo cGtu{t\Ps ljlzi6 ;x–/fHosf]

?kdf ;lDdlnt u/]sf]lyof] . /, Tof] ;lGw

;Demf}tfaf6 k|fKt ;lGwkq-nfndfx]/_ cfh;Dd

lhljt} /x]sf] 5 .

dfj/f]ª /fhfsf] g]t[Tjdf pQ/ jdf{sf] gfdefj, tfOt]Da], gfdufdt]Da] gfdsf hUufx?af6 a;fO{ cfO{ lnDa'jfg b]zsf] t/fO{ v08dfhª\un kmf“8L hUuf cfjfb u/] . Tof] cfjfb u/]sf] dw]z v08nfO{pgLx?s} g]tfsf gfdaf6 To; Onfsfsf] gfd dfj/f]ª /fv], h'g\zAbsf] cke|+z cfw'lgs df]/ª x'g uPsf] xf] . cl3 lnDa'jfgsf]

t/fO{ v08df dfj/f]ª lnDa" /fhfn] /fHozf;g ug'{ klxn] ;f]Oofsnfbf]xfªn] rf}aL; y'dsf] /fhf e} ;fgu9L / hnfnu9L agfO{ kxf8

tyf dw]z b'a} If]qdf /fHozf;g u/]sf lyP .

ax; ax;

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$@# @$

êê

eP/ dw]z ePsf] emns kfOG5 .Æcfhef]ln lnDa'jfgsf]–df]/ª /fHodf

sf]r–/fhj+zLn] …sf]lrnfÚ / cGo dw];Ln]…dw];Ú -:jtGq_ /fHosf] dfu /fv]sf 5g\ .;f]x|f}+ ztfAbL df ljZjl;+xn] …s"rljxf/Ú /fHo:yfkgf ubf{ lnDa'jfgsf] df]/ª /fHo klgbvn u/]sf] eGg] lg/fwf/ ljifonfO{ lnP/clxn] emfkf, df]/ª / ;'g;/LnfO{ ldnfP/sf]lrnf /fHosf] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ sf]r–/fhj+zLn] . hals s"rljxf/sf] ef}uf]lnsl;dfª\sgnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg]] pQ/–klZrddfhnkfOu'/L -klZrd a+ufn_, blIf0fdfa+unfb]z / k"j{df cf;fd;Dd km}lnPsf] e"–efunfO{ s"rljxf/ -sfdtf_ /fHo elgG5 ./, ;qf}+ ztfAbLsf] dWolt/ s"rljxf/ /fHosf]s]xL efu d'3fn kmf];{åf/f clwg:y /x]sf]b]lvG5 . csf]{lt/, rf}wf} + ztfAbLb]lv ;qf}+ztfAbLsf] z'?sfn -;g\ !#^$–!^)(_ ;Dd;fªnfOª ;Sjfb]g lnDa" /fhfsf] j+zn]lnDa 'jfg–df ]/ª /fHo -ljhok '/_ df/fHozf;g u/ ]sf ] Oltxf; k | i6 } 5 .lahok'/–df]/ªsf nflu ;fªnfOª lnDa"j+zsf] ;a}eGbf sfG5f /fhf ljhogf/fo0f/fo -lnDa"_ x'g\ . To;kl5 ;g\ !^)(–!&^(-lj=;+=!^^^–!*@^_ ;Dd dsjfgk'/sf;]gj+zL ls/ftL /fhfx¿nfO{ ykgf /fhf dfgLlnDa'jfg km]bfk y'dsf /fhf d'/]xfª v]jfª-lnDa"_ /fhfsf] j+zn] /fHozf;g u/]sflyP . ;]gj+zL clGtd /fhf sfdbQ ;]gsf]d[To'kl5 /fhf a'l4s0f{ v]jfª lnDa" -/fhfd'/]xfª v]jfª lnDa"sf] j+zh_ n] ljhok'/–df]/ª /fHosf] clGtd /fhf eO{ ;g\ !&^(–!&&# -la=;+= !*@^–!*#)_ ;Dd /fHozf;grnfPsf lyP .

7Ls To;}a]nf ;fd|fHojfbL uf]/vf–g]kfnsf /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] g]kfnPsLs/0fsf] cleofg -klZrd g]kfn x'Fb} k"jL{vDa'jfg l5rf ]n ]/ lnDa'jfglt/_ cl3

al9/x]sf] lyof] . o;/L lnDa'jfgdf k'u]sf]uf]/vfnL ;]gfn] lnDa'jfgdf k6s–k6scfqmd0f u/]sf] ePtf klg lnDa'jfg ;]gf;Funutf/ k/fho ef ] Ug ' k/ ]sf ] lyof ] .To;}sf/0f, /fhf k [YjLgf/fo0f zfxn]s"6gLlts tj/n] lnDa'jfgsf s]xL lnDa"/fhfx¿ ->L z'g lnDa", >L s'd\ lnDa" / >Lhª\u lnDa"_ nfO{ cfˆgf] xftdf lnO{ la=;+=!*#! -;g\ !&&$_ df Ps P]ltxfl;s ;lGw;Demf}tf ug{ ;kmn ePsf lyP . oxL la=;+=!*#! sf] ;lGwn] lnDa'jfg /fHo -c?0f–;Ktsf]zL gbL k"jL{, d]rL gbL klZrd, pQ/ltAat / blIf0f hnfnu9_ nfO{ g]kfnclw/fHo cGtu{t\ Ps ljlzi6 ;x–/fHosf]?kdf ;lDdlnt u/]sf] lyof] . /, Tof] ;lGw;Demf}tfaf6 k|fKt ;lGwkq -nfndfx]/_cfh;Dd lhljt} /x]sf] 5 .

lnDa 'j fgsf ] ox L P ] ltx f l;sk[i7e"ldsf] cfwf/df lnDa'jfg /fHonfO{g]kfnsf] ;+3Lo /fHo k|0ffnLdf Ps ljlzi6:jfoQ ;DkGg /fHosf] ?kdf /fVg'kg]{ / d'b|f,k//fi6 / ;'/Iff ljifoafx]s ;Dk"0f{ ljifox¿lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf cGtu{t\ /xg'k5{ eGg]hf]8bf/ dfu /x]sf] 5 . lnDa'jfgsf] oxL hnGt/ lhpFbf] Oltxf;sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ g} lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHonfO{ sf]lrnf, d]rLnf, lwdfn /fHoeg]/ ljefhg ug{' tyf dw]; /fHosf] bfjLug' { lg/fwf/ dfq xf]Og cJojxfl/s /cf}lrToxLg klg 5 . olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg olbs;}n] dw]; tyf sf]lrnfsf] gfddf lnDa'jfg–df]/ª /fHoleq cem} if8\oGq Pj+ lnDa'jfg:jfoQtfsf] cfjfhdfly lxnf] 5\ofKg] sf]l;;u5{ eg], To;sf] nflu s8feGbf s8fk|ltsf/ ug{ cfd lnDa'jfgjf;Lx¿ tof//xg'k5{ . lnDa'jfg dft[e"ldsf] /Iff ug'{k|To]s lnDa'jfgjf;Lsf] ;emf Pj+ clgjfo{st{Jo xf] .

cf7/fo, xfª\kfª lnDa'jfg

;f/]sf] lnDa'jfg :jfoQtffsf] dfusf] d"Nofª\sg/ :d/0f ug{ ;fGble{s b]lvPsfn] To; tkm{Wofg df]8\g rfxG5' .

lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] :jfoQtfsf] nfludfu u/]sf] If]q lnDa'jfg Of]qdfq geP/lnDa'jfg / vDa'jfg ;d]6]/ -Odfgl;+x r]Dhf]ªJolQmTj / s[ltx¿M :dfl/sf @)^!M!()_ dfuu/]sf] b]lvG5 . dflg;sf] :jefjg} o:tf] xf],p;nfO{ ha b'Mv x'G5 ta ;'vsf af6fx¿klxNofpg yfN5 . lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n]lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf dfu ug'{sf] d'Vo sf/0fklg s]Gb|Lo gLlt lgdf{tfx¿af6 lgld{t gLltlgodn] lnDa'jfg If]qsf hgtfnfO{ lzIff,:jf:Yo, cfly{s, /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs cflbIf]qdf kf]if0f ug'{sf] ;§f zf]if0fdfq u/]sf] / oLpNn]lvt dfgjLo cfjZostfx¿ s]Gb|af6 o;If]qdf kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;do nfUg'sf] ;fy}cfjZostf tyf rfx] cg';f/sf] kl/k"lt{ klggx'g] dx;'; u/L -:dfl/sf @)^!M!*!,!*@_pQm dfgjLo cfjZostfx¿ cfkm\gf :jfotIf]qaf6} kl/k"lt{ ug{sf lgldQ oftfoft ;~rf/,

s'g} b]zsf] lglZrt ;Ldfn] afFlwP/a;]sf h'g;'s} hft hfltsf dflg; ePtfklg/fli6«otfsf] gftfn] pgLx¿ Ps} hflt eP/cfkm\gf b]zk|lt cf:yf ljZjf; / >4fsf;fy afFr]sf x'G5g\ . Tof] b]zaf6 Tolts}dfqdf dfof, ddtf / ;]jf ;'ljwfx¿;dfg?kn ] k fpg ] c fzfk lg tLgful/sn]÷b]zjf;Ln] u/]sf x'G5g\ . t/ Tof]b]zn] cfkm\gf gful/snfO{ ;dfg?kn] dfofddtf / ;]jf ;'ljwf k|bfg gu/L s;}nfO{sfvf / s;}nfO{ kfvf nufpg] gLlt clVtof/u/]df tL zf]if0f / bdgdf k/]sf gful/sn]cfkm" klg afFRg kfpg] pkfosf] vf]hLdf nfUg]ub{5 / To;/L vf]hL ug]{ qmddf ;+;f/dfljleGg dxTjk"0f{ w6gfx¿ 36L gj Oltxf;lgdf{0f ePsf y'k|} pbfx/0fx¿ xfdL kfpF5f} .

o;/L lgdf{0f ePsf Oltxf;df ljleGgg]t[Tj ju{n] cxd e"ldsf lgefPsf] xfdL kfpF5f},o:tf] e"ldsf lgefpg]df >4]o Odfgl;+xr]Dhf]ªHo"sf] e"ldsf klg clj:d/0fLo 5 .jxfFn] ;a} cj;/af6 /fHon] jl~rt u/]sfoxfFsf cflbjf;L÷ hghflt, vf;u/L ls/ftLsf]-d'Vo?kn] lnDa" hfltsf] _ Oltxf;, efiff,;flxTo cflbsf] pTyfgdf dfq of]ubfg ug'{ePg pgLx¿sf] cfly{s, /fgLlts / ;fdflhspTyfgsf] nflu klg Tolts} of]ubfg lbg' ePsf]b]lvG5 . xfn cfP/ /fHosf] k'g/;+/rgf ug]{/ hftLo tyf If]qLo :jfoQtfsf] dfux¿ cl3al9/x]sf] cj:yfdf jxfFs} ;lqmotfdf :yflkt/ b'O{ cjlw;Dd jxfFn]g} ;efklt e} g]t[Tjk|bfg ug'PePsf] lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] cl3

Oltxf;sf/ Odfgl;ª r]Dhf]ª/ lnDa'jfg

Nffcf]tL o]xfª

ax; JolQmTj

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$ kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$@% @^

bzskl5 uf]/vf g]kn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6;lGwnfO{ s]xL pNnª\3g ug{ yfn]kl5 -g/]Gb|gfy af:tf]nfM k"jf{~rndf ;ft;fnsf]qmflGtM @)%# &@–&&_ b]lvG5 . lnDa'jfg:jfoQ ;/sf/ u7g u/L wgs'6fdfueg{/;lxtsf] !^ ;b:oLo dGqL–d08n;d]tu7g ul/Psf]df -yfD;'xfª @)@(M%@–%#_n]=s=h]=aL= lnDa"sf] unt 7x/ ;fysf] ;Nnfxn]pQm dGqL d08nnfO{ lj36g u/]sf] -P]=%%,%^_klg b]lvG5 . o;/L ljleGg ;dodf lnDa'jfg:jfoQtfsf] dfu ul/Ptf klg ;+:yfut ?kn]eg] ;j{k|yd lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] g} of] dfunfO{cl3 ;f/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L ;+:yfut ?kn]:joQtf dfu ug'{df >4]o Odfgl;+ª r]Dhf]ªnufot tL ;a} cu|hx¿sf] b"/ufdL ;f]rsf]gd"gf xf] . of] dfunfO{ lj=;+= @)!$ ;fn;Ddsfod} /flvPsf] -P]= %(_ b]lvG5 . To;kZrft,g]kfndf rn]sf] klxnf] cfd r'gfjsf] tftf]xfjfn] To;tkm{ kms{g] jftfj/0f ldn]g eg]cfd r'gfjkl5 ul7t ;/sf/n] ld7f–ld7fcfZjf;gx¿ afF8L e'ne'n}ofdf e'nfO{ /fv]sf]/ lj=;+= @)!& ;fnkl5 g]kfndf nfu" ul/Psf]lg/ªs'z PsbnLo k+~rfotL Joj:yfn] t oxfFsfcflbjf;L hghftLsf ] o:tf dfunfO {pRrf/0f;Dd dfq ubf{ klg æ;fDk|bflos /jv08gjfbLÆ cflbsf] ;+1f lbFb} ha/h:ts'Nr]/ /fVg'sf] ;fy} lj=;+=@)@% ;fndfcfOk'Ubf lnDa"hfltnfO{ k|fKt :joQtfsf] gfddfsfod /x]sf] s]xL clwsf/;lxtsf] lsk6nfO{;d]t ha/h:tL vf];]/ lnof] .

k'gM k|fKt k|hftGqkl5 eg]g]kfndf b]lvPsf o:tf hftLo c;dfgtf, If]qLoc;Gt'ng cflb ofjt ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfgsfnflu lnDa'jfgnufot b]zsf ljleGg If]qnfO{cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxtsf] :jfoQtf lbg'kg]{÷kfpg' kg]{ dfu÷k|:tfjx¿ /fhgLlts,;fdflhs / jf}l4s If]qaf6 klg ;zQm ?kn]cufl8 ;fl/Psf] kfOG5 . pbfx¿0fsf] ?kdf

/Iff / k//fi6«sf] sfd s]Gb|s} lhDdf /fvLafFsL k|zf;g cfkm} ;~rfng ug]{u/L lnDa'jfg:jfoQtf dfu u/]sf] eGg] lnDa'jfg ;'wf/;+3sf k|wfgdGqL >L t]haxfb'/ k|;fO{n] /fhfqLe'jg jL/ jLqmd zfxb]jnfO{ n]vL g]kfn;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ lbPsf] ldlt@)!!÷@÷#@ sf] af]wfy{ kqn] k|i6 kfb{5 .pQm kqdf n]lvPsf] 5– æd k'gM lw/fhsf]gh/ sl/a #) nfv lnDa'jfg -lnDa'jfgL<_hgtf h;nO{ lzIffdf, cfly{s d2tdf,/fhgLlts tyf ;fdflhs ;'ljwfx¿af6jl~rt u/fPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] cnu k|fGtlgdf{0f vflt/ cfslif{t u/fpg] ;fx; ub{5' -:dfl/sf @)^!M!(),!(!_ .

;+:yfsf] gfd lnDa" ;'wf/ ;+3geO{ lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3 gfds/0f ul/Pcg';f/ o; ;+:yfsf] ;~rfnsdf lnDa" hfltdfq geP/ s]Gb|Lo pk–;efkltdf qmdzMu0f]zk|;fb l/hfn / x]daxfb'/ k/fh'nL,To;}u/L k|wfgdGqL -dxf–;lrj<_ df t]haxfb'/k|;fO{nfO{ lgjf{lrt u/L -:dfl/sfM!*%_ sfo{ef/lhDdf lbOPsf] / pgLx¿åf/f klg ;zQm ?kn]st{Jo k"/f u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;af6 s] klg:ki6 x'G5 eg] lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] lnDa"hfltsf] nfludfq sfd ug]{ :ki6 b]lvG5eg] csf]{tkm{ lnDa'jfg :jfoQtfsf] dfulnDa'hfltsf] dfq geO{ lnDa'jfg If]qsf;Dk"0f{ hfthfltsf] ;femf dfu xf] eGg] 3fde}m5n{ª\u b]lvG5 . To;}u/L, ;f] ;+3n] To;avtdf #) nfv hgtfsf] g]t[Tj ub}{ b'O{jif{s} cjlwdf @))-b'O{;o_ eGbf a9L zfvfvf]nL ;f]xL cjlwdf ;b:o ;+ª\Vof 8]9 nfvhlt agfO{-:dfl/sfM!*%_ Jofks ?kn]sfo{;~rfng u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

lnDa'jfg :joQtfsf] dfu lnDa'jfg;'wf/ ;+3n] cl3 ;fg'{ cufj} klg g;fl/Psf]xf]Og . ;+/lIft /fHosf] ?kdf ;lGwåf/flnDa'jfg g]kfndf ;lDdlnt ePsf]df s]xL

d'n's ;Def/ u/L lhdL e"ld /x'GHofn ltd|fzfvf ;Gtfgts ef]u] u/=====xfdLn] vf];Ldf;]dfgLk'hL NofPsf] b]jtfn] xfd|f] /fhsfh e+ugf;f];\Æ eGg] zAbn] pQm ;lGw nfndf]x/adf]lhd ;+/lIft /fHosf] ?kdf dfq lnDa'jfgg]kfndf ;lDdlnt ePsf] k|i6} b]lvG5 .kl5sf uf]vf{nL÷g]kfnL zf;sx¿af6 pQmnfndf]x/sf] dg;fodf ;do ;dodf ldrfxfk|j[lt a9fpFb} uPsfn] cfkm"n] kfO/fv]sf]clwsf/df gldlrof];\ egL lnDa'jfgn] klg;do ;dodf s]Gb|df k|ltlglw k7fO{ dfukqx¿ k|:t't u/]sf] -lj=;+= @)!# / !$;fnsf] kNnf]ls/ft lnDa'jfg dfu kq_ /s]Gb|af6 klg lylt ydf}ltsf] nfndf]x/x¿;do ;dodf lnDa'jfgnfO{ k|fKt ePsf] lj=;+= @)!& ;fnsf] nfndf]x/ ljleGg ;|f]tn]k|:6\ofPsf] xfdL kfpF5f} .

df ly pNn ]v ul/P cg ';f/uf]/vf÷g]kfnaf6 lnDa'jfgnfO{ k|fKt lj=;+=!*#! ;fnsf] ;lGw nfndf]x/n] lnDa'jfgnfO{ydf}lt ePsf] clwsf/df ;':t tj/n] s]Gb|Lo:t/af6 ldRg] k|j'lQ a9\b} uPsf] / g]kfnsf]PsLs/0f hdLgsf] dfq e} ;fdflhs, cfly{s/ wfld{s ?kn] PsLs/0f x'g g;sf]sf] ljBdfgcj:yf x'Fbf cfkm"nfO{ c;'/lIft dx;'; ePsf]n]/Iff, k//fi6«, oftfoft / ;~rf/ s]Gb|nfO{5f8L cGo k|fGtLo ;/sf/n] g} rnfpg] u/LlnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] lnDa'jfg :jfoQtfsf]dfu ug'{ Gofof]lrt / ;do;fk]If lyof] .g]kfn ax'eflifs, ax';fF:s[lts, ax' wfld{s /ljljw hfthflt tyf ef}uf]lns ljljwtf ePsf]If]qnfO{ hf]8]/ ag]sf] b]z x'Fbf cf–cfkm\gf If]qsf]k|fGtLo :jfoQtf dfu u/]sf]df Pltxfl;scfwf/df :jfoQtf k|bfg ubf{ ;DalGwt\ If]qsfhgtfsf] cf–cfkm\gf If]q;Fu Oltxf; g} hf]l8g]x'Fbf cfkm\gf If]q g} a9Ldfqfdf dfof ug]{ePsf]n] cfkm\gf If]qsf] ljsf; lbnf]Hofgn] ug]{t 5Fb}5, To;df klg cGt//fHo :t/Lo

;fdflhs If]qaf6 ls/ft ofSy'ª r'Dn'ª cflb/ /fhgLlts If]qaf6 lnDa'jfg d'lQm df]rf{ -k 'g M k |hftGq k | f Kt x 'g cl3af6 } _hghftL÷hgkf6L, /fli6«o hgd'lQm kf6L{, ls/ftjs{; kf6L{, g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL, g]kfn ;b\efjgfkf6L{ cflb / af}l4s If]qaf6 uf]ljGb Gof}kfg] -g]kfnsf] hftLo k|Zg, ;g\ @)))_ lgndz]v/clwsf/L, -g]kfndf hftLo cfGbf]ng lj=;=@)%&_ / ejfgL a/fn -o:tf] x'g'k5{ /fHosf];+/rgf, lj=;+= @)^!_ cflbn] klg /fHosf]k'g/;+/rgf u/L hftLo, eflifs / If]qLocfwf/df :jfoQtf k|bfg gu/];Dd ;d:ofsf];dfwfg gx'g] 7x/sf ;fy :jfoQtfsf] dfu /k|:tfjx¿ cl3 ;f/]sf 5g\ . of] ;do /kl/l:yltsf] dfu xf], o;nfO{ ;a}n] /fd|/Llgofn]/ lrGg' / a'em\g' ;Sg'kb{5 . o;af6 of]klg k|i6 x'G5 ls cfheGbf %%÷%^ jif{cl3g} lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] dfu u/]sf] lnDa'jfg:jfoQtfsf] dfu ;xL lyof] / 5 eGg] k|dfl0ftx'G5 . of] /fHon] ckgfPsf] Ps hftL Psefiff / Ps wd{sf] kl/0ffd xf] . xfn cfP/b]zdf ;do ;dodf b]lvPsf c;xhkl/l:yltn] t'?Gt} k|>o kfpgdf klg w]/}xb;Dd of] gLlt g} lhDd]jf/ 5 .

x'g t, ;+3Lo /fHosf] rrf{ slytg]kfn PsLs/0fsf] gfddf uf]vf{ /fHolj:tf/s} qmddf yfngL gePsf] eg] xf]Og .PsL/0fsf] gfddf s'g} /fHodf ;lDdlntu/fOPtf klg To;dWo] s]xL /fHonfO{p;}avt :jfoQtf k|bfg ub} { nluPsf]b lvG5 . o;/ L :j foQtf k | f Kt/fHo÷k|b]zx¿sf] k|fKt clwsf/df klg s]xLsda];L b]lvG5 . lj=;+= !*#! ;fnsf] t;nLd'n's nfndf]x/åf/f kNnf] ls/ft, lnDa'jfgn]k|fKt u/]sf] clwsf/ cl;ldt lyof] / 5 .of] s'/f ;f] nfndf]x/df k|o'Qm æ===lxh'sf]ltd|f] d'n'sleqsf] ;a} yfdL aS:of}+=====lxh'cfFk}m cfFkm cfk"ªuL a;L cfP adf]lhd Tof]

JolQmTj JolQmTj

kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$kfnfd dfl;s jif{ # cª\s @, k"0ff{ª\s !%, @)^$@& @*

lnDa'jfg :jfotfsf] dfu g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s /afx\o ?kn] /fli6«otf alnof] agfpgnfO{ ;xof]uk '¥ofpgdf ;xfosl;4 x' Fbf lnDa'jfg:jfoQtfsf] dfu ;do ;fk]If / Gofof]lrt lyof]/ 5 . o;y{, lnDa'jfg :jfoQtfsf] dfu s'g}gofF dfu geO{ lj=;+= !*#! ;fnsf] ;lGwnfndf]x/åf/f lnDa'jfgnfO{ ydf}lt ePsf]clwsf/ k'g/axfnLsf] dfu dfq xf] . To;}n],lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf u7g geP;Dd o; dfunfO{lg/Gt/tf lbg] sfd lnDa'jfgaf;Lsf] lhDd]jf/L/ st{Jo klg xf] .

;Gbe{ ;|f]tx¿M!= /fhf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxaf6 lnDa'jfgnfO{ k|fKt

lj=;+= !*#!÷$÷@@ sf] t;nL d'n'sLnfndf]x/ .

@= aL=aL= r]Dhf]ª, kNnf] ls/ft lnDa'jfgsf]dfux¿, lj=;+= @)!# / !$ .

#= /fhf dx]Gb|af6 lnDa'jfgnfO{ k|fKt lj=;+=@)!&÷!@÷@& sf] nfndf]x/ .

$= yfª;'xfª k'ik ;'Aaf …cl;tÚ IGb|lsnsf]Pst/f, lj=;+\ @)@( .

%= nLnfaxfb'/ t'DafxfDkm] / OGb| t'Dafxfªkm],;ft]/g'xfª t'DafxfDkm] j+zfjnL / k]mbfklnDa'jfg, lj=;+= @)^# .

^= uf]ljGb Gof}kfg], g]kfnsf] hftLo k|Zg ;g\@))) .

&= gLndz]v/ clwsf/L, g]kfnsf] cfGbf]ng,lj=;+= @)%& .

*= g/]Gb|gfy afF:tf]nf, k"jf{~rndf ;fy ;fnsf]qmflGt, lj=;+= @)%# .

(= ls= of= r'=, Odfgl;+ r]Dhf]ª JolQmTj /s[ltTj, lj=;+= @)^! .

!)= ejfgL a/fn, o:tf] x'g'k5{ /fHosf] ;+/rgf,lj=;+= @)^!

k|lt:k|wf{Tds ?kn] ljsf; sfo{ x'g ;Sg] x'FbflnDa'jfgnfI{ p;}avt :jfoQtf lbPsf] ePxfn:fDddf g]kfns} ?k km]l/g] lyof] ls <pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf :jLh/Nof08 / a]NhLodnfO{lng ;lsG5 . lnDa'jfg If]qsf] dfq s'/f ug'{kbf{lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] k'gM cl3 ;f/]sf] lnDa'jfg:jfoQtfsf] dfu s'g} gofF dfu ge} lj=;+=!*#!÷$÷@@ sf ] ;lGw nfndf ]x/åf/flnDa'jfgnfO{ ydf}lt ePsf] clwsf/aLrcjlwdf s]xL vf]l;Psfn] ;f] k'g/axfnLsf] dfudfq xf] . gx/fPsfn] vf]Hg' av]8f ug'{ / km/]jnufpg' xf] eg] x/fPsfn] vf]Hg' st{Jo xf] .To;}n], lnDa'jfg :jfoQtfsf] dfu ug' {lnDa'jfgjf;Lsf] clwsf/ / st{Jo xf] .

dfp e} cf]yf/f] a:g] kf]yLn] cfkm\g}c08fnfO{ ldnfP/ sf]/Ng ghfg]em}+ /fHosf] untgLltsf sf/0f cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts /wfld{s ?kn] g]kfn PsLs/0f x'g g;s]sf]cj:yf t Psftkm{ 5Fb}5, csf]{tkm{ log} If]qdf7luPsf, lylrPsf, lklN;Psf / x]lkPsf sf/0foxfFsf clwsf+z cflbjf;L hghfltn] lxgtfaf]wdx;'; ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf /fHon] of] klg ;f]RgcfjZos 5 . lnDa'jfg If]qsf] blIf0f, k"j{ /pQ/df cGt/fli6«o ;Ldf hf]l8Psf] 5 / g]kfnb]z rLg / ef/th:tf b'O{ leGg gLlt lnPsfljzfn / zlQmzfnL d'n'ssf] aLrdf /x]sf];fgf] d'n's x'Fbf o;sf] cl:tTj hf]ufO{ /fVgnfO{klg cfGtl/s /fli6«otf alnof] agfpg cfjZos5 . cfGtl/s /fli6«otf alnof] eof] eg] dfqb]z alnof] x'G5 / afx\o x:tIf]k x'g ;Sb}g .cfGtl/s /fli6«otf alnof] agfpgnfO{ /fHon]æof] b]z d]/f] klg xf] Æ eGg] efjgf k|To]sgful/sdf hufpg ;Sg'kb{5 / o;sf] nflugful/snfO{ lhDd]jf/L;lxtsf] clwsf/ ;DkGgagfpg' kb{5 . o;y{, k|To]s gful/snfO{lhDd]jf/ agfpg JolQmut / ;fd'lxs ?kn]clwsf/;lxtsf] lhDd]jf/L /fHon] ;'Dkg';Sg'kb{5 . To;}n] lnDa'jfg ;'wf/ ;+3n] p7fPsf

zAb–k|]d 5 ddfcfkm}nfO{ la;{g] /f]ifsf] abnf

cljZjf; 5 oxfFcfˆg} dgsf], cfˆg} OlGb|osf], cfˆg} z/L/sf]

oL ;aaf6 d'Qm x'gzAb sf/f]af/ u5'{ dw]/} ljZjf; 5 a?

zAbfIf/x?dfhxfF d,

kf]lvg ;S5',5/kli6g ;S5',

zAbx?nfO{ lsgf/ agfpFb}cgj/t d aUg ;S5'

ltdLnfO{ a'‰g, p;nfO{ a'‰gefjgfdf 8'a]/ xF'b}gefjgfdf cIf/ xF'b}g

Tof] s]jn lg/fsf/ aU5,au]/ l/lQG5dnfO{ t,

7f];\ rflxof 5 7f];\,7f];\ h:t} xf];\ Tof],

Ct'udgn] abNg g;Sg]xfjfx'/Ln] p8fpg g;Sg]

gelTsg], gl/lQg], gl;l4g]=====o:t} o:t}, d}n] rfx] h:t}

To;}n] lxhf]cfh,cfˆgf] HofgnfO{ eGbf w]/zAbx?nfO{ dfof u5{';'D;'DofpF5', Kof/ u5{'pn{bf] ljZjf; 5 dnfO{

oL zAb x"nx?sflog} zAb x"nleqaf6,

cfˆgf] nflu dPp6f zAb lemSg ;S5'æcl:tTjÆ===========

cl:tTj– d';'d

sljtf÷uhn

xf]df sGbª\jf

ufFp a];Lsf sfGnfx¿df ;]Sd'/L km'Ng'k5{xfSkf/], VofnL, kfnfd , Rofa'|ª\;Fu 8'Ng'k5{

sfª\;f]/] / l;l/hª\ufsf] of]ubfg vf]HgnfO{s'/Llt / s';+:sf/nfO{ xfDn] r§ e'Ng'k5{

Pstf eO{ xfdLn] cfˆgf] hLjg bz{g vf]Hg;fFRr} k'ghf{u/0fsf xftx¿ a6'Ng'k5{

n'ª\5ftf –@, vfgL6f/lnDa'jfg

===================================================

dgs'df/ kmf]Daf]

5'6\g' g} lyof] eg], xfd|f] hf]8L gf¥of} lsgd]/f] 5ftL s'lNrP/, dfly kfOnf ;f¥of} lsg

7"nf] v]n v]Nof]} ltdLn] d]/f] rf]vf] dfofdflykm'Ng] OR5f x'Fbfx'Fb} sf]lknf d} emf¥of} lsg

uf]wF'nL tL ;fFemx?df PSn} PSn} t8\kfpgnfO{xft ;dfO{ lxhf] cl:t ;ft;d'Gb| tf¥of} lsg

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lsgf/df cfP . uf]/vf kmf}hsf sdf08/ /3'/fgfn] lnDa" sdf08/nfO{ s]jn sdf08/sdf08/x¿aLrdf dfq n8fO{+ ug{sf nflu ldltto ug{ nufP . p;n] k|:tfj /fVof] lsb'j}kIfsf afFsL l;kfxLx¿n] cf–cfˆgfxltof/x¿ cfwf/ If]qd} /fvL 5f]8]/ pgLx¿sf]sdf08/x¿sf] bf]xf]/f] n8fO{+sf] ;fIfL eO{;xefuLdfq x'g' egL elgof] . pgLx¿n] ;f]n8fO{df ljhoLn] o'4 lhTg] / n8fs" ;]gfx¿lgoGq0f lng]5g\ eGg] zt{ dfg] .

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uf]/vfx¿åf/f ls/ft /fO{x¿sf] /fHodfem ls/ftsf ] ljhokl5 ltgLx¿n]lnDa'jfgnfO{ b'O{j6f df]rf{af6 cfqmd0f u/] .Pp6f df]rf{ r}gk'/ -xfnsf] ;ª\v'jf;ef lhNnf_/ bf];|f] df]rf{ ljhok'/ -jt{dfgsf] w/fg,;'g;/L lhNnf_ df lyof] . ljhok'/ lnDa'jfgsf]df]/ª -dfjf/fª_ /fHosf] /fhwfgL lyof] .

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t];|f] o'4bf];|f] o'4sf] a]nf lnDa'jfgsf] r}gk'/df

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ljhok'/sf] o'4ljhok'/ -xfn w/fg ;'g;/Lsf]

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;g\ !&&$ sf] uf]/vf–lnDa'jfg ;lGwMuf]/vf ef/bf/x? cledfgl;+x a:g]t,

kf/y e08f/L, sLlt{l;+x vjf; / alnaflgofn] uf]/vf /fhf k[YjL gf/fo0f zfxsf]tkm{af6 uf]/vf /fhfn] slxNo} lnDa"x?sf]lsk6 e"ld-:jzfl;t e"ld_ nfO{ x8Kg] 5}gg\g t ltgLx?nfO{ Wj:t g} kfg{]5g\ egL g"gkfgLsf] ;ky / s;d vfg :jLsf/ u/] . olbpgLx?sf] lsk6 e"ld x8k]/ gi6 u/]df dfgLk"hL NofPsf] O{Zj/–eujfg -b]jL b]jtf_ n]p;sf] ;GttL / /fHonfO{ g} gi6 u?g\ . of]afrf s;dsf] ;df/fx ;+u} uf]/vf / lnDa"k|ltlglwx?sf] aLrdf Pp6f 7"nf] v8\s'nf -efF8f_ NofOof] . o;df Ps kfyL -cf7 kfp08_Ps kfyL g"g /flvof] . To;kl5 lnDa"dGqLx?n] g"g ePsf] efF8fdf kfgL xfn]/ g"gkfgL /fd|/L 3f]lng] u/L rnfP . o;kl5 tLdGqLx?n] uf]/vf ef/bf/x?nfO{ Tof] 3f]lnPsf]g"g kfgLaf6 g"gnfO{ dfq aflx/ lemSg nufP .ltgLx?n] hjfkm lbP ls g"g kfgLdf 3f]lnO{;s]sfn] ca To;nfO{dfq kfgLaf6 5'6\ofP/lgsfNg c;Dej 5 .

To;kZrft lnDa" dGqLx?n] eg] lsæTof] g"g kfgLdf ljln-klUn_ uPsf]n] Toaf6aflx/ lgsfNg c;Dej eP klg Tof] kfgLg"lgnf ]- :jflbi6_ t ePsf] 5 . ltdLuf]/vfx? Of] kfgL h:t} xf} / xfdL ls/ftlnDa"x? hgtfx? g"gh:t} xf}+ . ltdL uf]/vf

d'/]xfªsf pQ/flwsf/L lyP . /fhf d'/]xfªsfpQ/flwsf/Lx¿nfO{ j+zf0f'ut cfwf/df df]/ª/fHosf] k|wfg dGqL agfpg] rng ;g\ !%*$b]lv z'? ul/Psf] lyof] . ljhok'/ PSbd}k|l;4 zx/ ePsf]n] uf]/vfnL /fhfnfO{ of]zx/ sAhf ug{ ;lhnf] lyPg . To;}n}, p;n]la|l6zaf6 ;xof]usf] ofrgf u¥of] . t/,df]/ªsf /fhf a'l4s0f{ v]jfª klxNo}b]lv g}la|l6z, l;lSsd, e'6fg / ltAat;+u glhssf];Dds{df lyP . ha /fhf a'l4s0f{n] l5d]sL/fHosf /fhf s0f{ ;]gnfO{ uf]/vfx¿åf/f sKhful/Psf] s'/f yfxf kfP, pgn] la|l6zsf];xof]u lng}kg]{ lgZro u/] . /fhf s0f{ ;]g,pgsf kl/jf/ / dGqL cudl;ª /fO{ efu]/ljhok'/ b/af/df z/0f lng cfP . To;kl5/fhf a'l4s0f{n] cfˆgf] sfo{ef/ pgsf dGqL>L z'g /fo r]Dhf]ªnfO{ lbP/ ;}Go ;xof]udfUgsf nflu snstf uP . ;g\ !&&# df,To;a]nf ueg{/ hg/n jf/]g xfl:6ª\Uhd'l;{bafbdf lyP . To;}n} /fhf a'l4s0f{ ToxfFuP / ;}Go ;xof]u dfu] . ToxfF la|l6zl;kfxLx¿n] uf]/vfnL cltqm0faf6 df]/ª/fHosf] /Iffsf nflu ;xof]u ug]{ ;Demf}tfeof] . ca /fhf a'l4s0f{n] ;xof]usf] nflulglZrGt eO{ cfkm"nfO{ lj|l6z ;xof]u x'g]ePsf]n] df]/ªdf cltqmd0f gug{ egL lr6\7Ln]v] . t/, t'?Gt} /fhf a'lbs0f{n] dxz'; u/]ls uf]/vfnL /fhfn] pgsf] lj?4df lr6\7Ln]v]sf lyP / pgn] of] klg a'em] ls cj s'g];xof]u lj|l6zaf6 kfpg] 5}gg\ . To;kl5 pgLrfOlgh\ zf;saf6 ;xof]u dfUg ltAat uP .

ljhok'/df/fhf a'l4s0f{ v]afªsf]cg'kl:ylt /x]sf] a]nf uf]/vfsf /fhfn]ljhok'/ ;x/nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng ;]gf k7fP .d'Vo dGqL >L z'd r]Dhf]ª / To; ;dosfdGqLx? >L s'd k'mª / >Lh'ª\x? cfkm}n]lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf lbOg] zt{df zflGtk"j{scfTd;dk{0f u/] .

kl/jf/sf] k|ult / ;+/If0fsf] pQ/bfloTj jxgug]{5' . d ltdLx?sf] pkef]u u/]sf] ;a}clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f ug{]5' . ltdLx?n] d]/f]clws[tx?;+u ;Dks{df /xg', pgLx?nfO{;xof]u ug'{ / ltdLx?sf] e"ld/x];Dd k"0f{clwsf/n] cfgGb lng' . ltdLx? gf} nfv/fO{eGbf leGg xf} . lsgeg] ltgLx?sf]/fhfx?nfO{ lj:yflkt ug{ ;lsg]5 . ltdLx?hf] cfkm}nfO{ /fhf eG5f}, ltdLx? gi6 ug{g;lsg] xf} . d ltdLx?sf] gLlt / c;ndg;fo a'e\mb5' .Æ æl;lSsd /fHo xfd|f];Demf}tfdf cfPsf] lyPg . d]/f] clws[tx?ltdLx?sf] e"lddf k"0f{ lgb{]zg;lxt cfPsf5g\ . pgLx?dfkm{t k|To]s s'/fx? Yffxfkfpg'x'g]5 . ltdLx? pgLnfO{ :jLsfg{' / dflypNn]v eP adf ] lhd JolQmut ?kdfltdLx?sf] e"ldsf] pkef]u ug'{ . d oxfFo;k|sf/n] dfly pNn]v ePcg';f/ slxNo}klg anhˆtLn] ltd|f] e"ld / ltdLx?nfO{gi6 gug]{ ;Demf}tfdf ;xdt 5' . d tfd|–kqdf afrf u5{ / eG5' ls olb d}n] dflypNn]v ePsf k|tL1fx?nfO{ pNnª\3g u/]dfd / d]/f] kl/jf/n] dfgL k"hL NofPsf] b]jLb]jtfn] d]/f] /fHo / zfvf ;Gtfx?nfO{ gi6u?g\ . d}n] dfly pNn]lvt ;Demf}tfnfO{ n]v]/oxfF dfly pNn]v ePsf lnDa" bfh' efOx?nfO{of] ;Dat !*#! sf] ;fpg @@ ut]sf] lbgxfd|f] /fhwfgL ;x/ sflGtk'/df x:tfGt/0fub{5' . of] cflzifn] o'Qm / ;f}efUo x'g ;sf];\ .Æ

ha df]/ª /fHosf kf6{g/x?n] uf]/vf/ df]/ª /fHosf aLrdf ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf]va/ ;'g], d]jf /fHo, km]bfk /fHo, d}jf /fHo/ tDa/ /fHosf zf;sx? klg ToxL zt{ /;Demf}tfsf] ;lGwdf ;dflxt x'g ljhok'/ cfP .pk/f]Qm /fHosf zf;sx? kfkf]xfª, y]ludxfª,/ g]Dafªxfª r]Dhf]ªxfª- z|L ;'g /fo_sf]g]t[Tjdf ToxL zt{ d'tfljs uf]/vf /fhf;+ucfj4 x'g] lg0f{o u/] .

hgtfn] xfdLnfO{ tkfO{+x?df ljno u/fpg'rfxg' eof], t/ ltdLx? ca klxn]em}+ /xg'ePg . ha xfdL tkfO{ +x?;+u ldl;of} +To;kl5 tkfO{+ uf/]vfx? ljuteGbf cemuf}/jzfnL x'g]5f} . t/, olb ltdLx?n] xfd|f]lsk6 e"ldsf] clwsf/nfO{ xTofP/ o;dfwf]sf lbof} eg], To;sf nflu xfdL of];Demf}tfsf] pNnª\3g ub}{gf} + eg]/ s] s;dvfg' x'G5 t <Æ uf]/vf ef/bf/x?n] uf]/vf/fhfsf] tkm{af6 Ps c~h'nL g"g kfgLxftdf lnP/ s;d vfP ls uf]/vf /fhfn]slxNo} klg lsk6 e"ld- :jzfl;t :jfoQe"le_ sf] gi6 u/]/ wf]sf lbg] 5}gg\ . olbuf]/vf /fhfn] To;f] u/]df pgsf zfvf;Gtfgx? kfgLdf g"g ljlnPe}+m ljnfP/ of];+;f/af6} ck'tfnL x'g]5g\ . o;kl5 uf]/vfef/bf/x?n] klg ls/ft lnDa" dGqLx?nfO{k|Zg u/] ls olb ltgLx?n] klg g"g kfgLsf]s;dnfO{ pNnª\3g u/]/ wf]sf lbP o:tf];Demf}tfsf] pNnª\3g gug{sf] nflu s] ;kylng] t < ls/ft lnDa" dGqLx?n] klg PsPs c~h'nL g"g kfgL lnP/ ;ky vfP lsltgLx? slxNo} klg uf]/vfnL /fhsf] lj?4dfhfg] 5}gg\ . olb ltgLx?n] To;f] u/]sf]v08df ltgLx?sf] zfvf ;Gtfgx? klg g"gljlnPh:t} ljnfP/ of] ;+;f/af6} ck'tfnLxf]pg\ .

o:tf] g"g–kfgL -kljq / dxTjk"0f{tTjx?_ sf] ;Demf}tf u/]kl5 uf]/vf ef/bf/x?n]uf]/vf /fhfsf] tkm{af6 lgDgadf]lhdsf] ;lGw–kq jf nfn df]x/ ljhok'/sf lnDa" dGqLx?nfO{lbP .

æof] xfd|f ] ;Demf}tf xf];\ ls dltdLx?nfO{ d]/f] kl/jf/sf] ;b:o;/x ;fylng rfxG5' . d]/f] wfld{s dg c;n 5 .ca b]lv ltdLx? d]/f] ;+/If0fdf 5f} . d]/f]zlQmn] clxn] ltdLx?sf] /fHo b]z d]/f] xf]t/ ltdLx? cem} klg xfd|} xf} . d ltdLx?sf]

Oltxf;

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o;/L ;g\ !&&$ df ofªjf/s -ofªjf/sn] jt{dfgsf] tfKn]h'ª / kfFry/sf]s]xL efu cf]u6\b5 _ / lnª\bf]d kl/jf/sfOnfdsf /fhf xª\;' k'mafafx]s lnDa'jfgsf;a} k|d'v If]qx? Uff]/vf /fHodf cfj4 eP/lnDa'jfg– uf]/vf o'4sf] cGt eof] .

;g\ !&&% df ofªjf/ssf /fhf of]ªof xfª uf/]vf /fhfåf/f k|:tfj ul/Psf]:jzf;gsf] zt{af6 ;Gt'i6 ePgg\ / To;sf];6\6fdf l;lSsd b/af/ uO{ l;lSsdsf/fhfnfO{ uf]/vfx?sf] lj?4df o'4sf] 3f]if0ffug{ pS;fP . pgn] cfˆgf lnDa" ;]gfx?nfO{p7fP / l;lSsdL ;]gfx?;+u ;dflxt u/fP .e'6Lof l;lSsdL ;]gfsf h]g/n ltk' tfsfn]r}gk'/df cfqmd0f u/L l;l4k'/ lsNnfaf6 Ps;fgf] uf]/vf ;}GonfO{ wkfO{ k7fP . To;kl5uf]/vf ;}Go bnsf xftxltof/n] ;';lHht;zQm ;]gfx? cfO{ ltgLx?nfO{ tDa/ gbL;DdwkfP hxfF lg0ff{os o'4 nl8of] . To;kl5l;lSsdL ;]gfx? pgLx?s} b]ztkm{ kmls{uP /uf]/vfx?n] Onfd;Dd g} v]bfP . To;sf/0fOnfdsf /fhf xª\;' k'mafn] klg uf]/sf /fhf;+u;t{;lxt cfTd;dk{0f u/] . kl5 lj=;+ !*^(jf ;g\ !*!# df uf]/vfsf /fhfn] pgnfO{nfndf]x/;lxt p;sf] If]qdf k"0f{ :jfoQtf /lsk6 lbP .

cg'jfbM 8LaL cfª\a'ª;|f]tM w]j;fO6

cfNnM kf]/f]lSd oDefld dfªlªg\

yfK;fª\ nfb]g\ nGb]cfª OS;f vfDa]Ms\ ;Dwfª\

r'ª\lh o]T5f;f x] ÞSs] s'n'ª\df ;lxd\

n'ª\df<klxd\ of];' tfSsGg' jo]Þ, OMlT5ª

;fk\l;ª\n joÞ] . x]Ss]Nn]Þ OS;f vfDa]Ms\n]Þ

;Dbf] OS;f vfDa]s\ s'3]Ddf< tfa'l;ª\nf

dfP-d]Þ<P_ gfjf v]ÞlD;ª\ d]Þof/]g\ . kf]/f]lSd

oDefld dfª\n] l;Ss'd lgª\jf< OMTt'cfª

;fD;'l/t\ lnª;'l/t\ ;Dwf] tfu]/f lgª\jf<km'

dfª\cf] ;]jf ;]Gbf] d' k]M .

cf/ tfu]Þ/f lgª\jf<km' dfª/]Þg\ ;Sjf

d'Oª Ol;s\ cfts] tSs] tSgf/f t]Þda],

ltasf] asf] ltcGnf tÞ]Da]cf] kf]/f]lSd

oDefld dfªlªg s]Þ/]Þ . v]Þ<of] ltcGnf rfcGnf

dfª\lªg\ yfa' l;ª;]</]Þ tfª\u]Þg\ ofl/g\ rfl/Gn]Þ

dfª\lªg\ x'S;f] tfª] o'ª]Þ .

kf]/f]lSd oDefld dfª\n]Þ yfa' -tfa'_

l;ª\;]< ofl/Gxf< y] Þ<n'ª sfa] Þ v] Þ<of]

l;gfDnfª\df y]gfDnfª\df k]y]Þ km]Þ/]Þcfª, s]ef]

gfDef] nf/]Þcfª\ ;jf o]ÞTsk\ k]u]Þ;fª yfa'

l;ª\;] d]Þlnª\;]Þg\ . v]Þ<of] ldg' xf]bf]s\

l;ª\dflys\/s\ yfa' s'l;ª\ lnª]Þ . v]ÞlGgg\

yfa' l;ª\=nfª d]af/]Þg\ . kf]/f]lSd oDefld

dfª\n] ;fª\u]Þg\ kmf]of]d' t];' .

gfjf rOt\ d'Gw'd\

tfa'l;ª\nf kf]ª\df d'Gw'd\

cfNn kf]Ff]Sdl oDefdl dfIilGyfK;fI nfb[G nGb[cfI clS;f vfDa]s-;DwfI r'Ihl o[Tpf;f x[Ss] s'n'Idf ;xlDn'IdfCkxlD of];' tfSsGg' jo[V cLTplI;fK;lIn jo[ . x[Ss[Nn[ clS;f vfDaM]Sn[;Dbf] clS;f vfDa]s- s'P[DdfC tfa' ;lInfdfc] (d[Cc]) gfjf v[d;lI d[ofF[G .kf]Ff]Sdl oDefdl dfIn[ ;lSs'D glIjfCcLTt'cfI ;fD;'FlT nlI;'FlT ;Dwf] tfu[FfglIjfCm' dfIcf] ;]jf ;]g-bf]d' k] .

cfF tfu[Ff glIjfCm' dfIF[G ;Sjfd'clI cl;lS cfts[ tSs[ tSgfFf t[Da]tlasf] asf] tlcGnf t[Da]cf] kf]Ff]SdlofDefdl dfIilG s[F[ . v[Cof] tlcGnfrfcGnf dfIilG yfa' ;lI;[CF[ tfIu[G ofCFlGrfFlGn[ x'S;f] tfi[ o'i[ .

kf]Ff]Sdl oDefdl dfIn[ yfa'(tfa') ;lI;[C ofFlGxfC y[Cn'I sfa[ v[Cof];lgfDnfi-df y]gfDnfi-df k]y[ m[F[cfIVs]ef] gfDef] nfF[cfI ;jf o[TsK k]u[;fIyfa' ;lI;[C d[nlI;[G . v[Cof] dlg' xf]bf]S;lIdfylSFS yfa' s';lI nli[ . v[GglGyfa' ;lInfi- d[afF[G . kf]Ff]Sdl oDefdldfIn[ ;fIu[G mf]of]d' t];' .

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xfd|f] cg'/f]wkf7s j[Gb Ûs[kof cfˆgf k|sflzt s[lt tyf kq–klqsf / pTkflbt Sof;]6 PNjdx¿hfgsf/Lsf lgldQ kfnfdnfO{ k7fO{;xof]u ug{ ge'Ng' xf]nf .

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lgi7'/Lrl08sf nfjtL

bgbg an]sf] cfuf]n] kf]n]g ltdLnfO{slt d"sbz{s eO{ lrQfdf hln/x\of}cfFvf;fd' v/fgL eO{ xfjfdf pl8uof}cfFz'sf] ;fu/df 8'afO{/fVof} xfdLnfO{ .

b]x ltd|f] v/fgL eof], cfTdf cGt} ;/] klg;Demgfdf vf]lh/xG5f}+ ltdLnfO{ g}ltdL cfpg] em"7f] cf;df afFlr/x]5f}+lgi7"/L agL ltdLn] dfof df/]klg .

5f]8]/ 6f9f efuL z"Gotfdf lanfof}la;fof} hLjgsf] ef/L, hLjgs} rf}tf/Ldf5f]6f] kndf c;Ld xfF;f] / v'zL lbof}lgi7"/L agL ljof]u / cfFz'df ldnfof} .

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b'MvLsf] hLjg;'ldqf rf]ª\afª ;fjfF

bfp/f / 3fF; jg / kfvfdf of] b'MvLsf] hLjg cfF;' 5 cfFvfdf . cfF;'n] kf]v/L agpg nfUof] 5}ggL cfF;'sf] kf]v/L d} b'MvL Hofg PSn} 5' cfh ;fxf/f vf]hL lx8\b}5' ef}tf/L psfnL af6f] af]s]sf] ef/L ysfO{ nfUof] lj;f}gL rf}tf/L of] b'MvL hLjg 3'd]/ uP x'g] lyP cfef/L .

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cf/ l;Ss'd\ lgª\jf< do]Þcfª\ ofDd'

tfu]Þ/f lgªjf<km'dfª\g' ;]jf ;]Gbf]d' k]M .

;]jf v]x'g\ Ol;s\ kf]/f]lSd oDefld dfª\n]

OS;f vfDa]Ms\ g]Þd]Þof] cGt' ofª\g'ª\ k]u]Þcfª\

l;ªaSjfdf u lro]ª\ g]d]Þof] n'ªaSjfdf u

xSsk\ g]d]Þof] sÞ]g]Þaf jofn'ª kSn'ª/]Þ n'ª\lªg\

x'S;f] tfª]Þ ofª\l;ª]cfª rfl;Sn]Þ rfdf

lrwf]Myf]s\ n]ÞKt', s'Otn]Þ rfdf lrwf]Myf]s\

n]ÞKt' .

x]ÞSs]Nn] jof kSn'd\ tf]MSt]Þ . jof

kSn'd\ ;]Þ/]Þ . jof kSn'd\ lkGbÞ]Nn]Þ jof kSn'd\

v]ÞMSt]Þcfª\ yf] t/s\ tfª\;fª s]ÞnfMKk]Þg\

;fDofª\jf cDn]Þª\ ltª\lbª\ gfx]g\ s]PKkf x'S;f]

tfª]d' kf]S;]Þ .

cfF ;lSs'D glIjfC do[cfI ofDd'tfu[Ff glIjfCm'dfI g' ;]jf ;]Gbf]d' k]. ;]jf v[xM'G cl;lS kf]Ff]Sdl oDefdldfIn[ clS;f vfDa]s- g[d[of] ofIg'i-k]u[cfI ;lIaSjfdf u rlo[I g[d[of]n'IaSjfdf u xSsK g[d[of] s[g[afjofn'I kSn'IF[ n'IilG x'S;f] tfi[ofI;li[cfI rfnlSn[ rfdf rlwf]yf]S n[Kt'Vs'cLTn[ rfdf rlwfM]yf]S n[Kt' .

x[Ss]Nn[ jof kSn'D tfM]St[ .jof kSn'D ;[F[ . jof kSn'D klGb[Nn[jof kSn'D v[MSt[cfI yf] tFS tfI;fIs[nfMKk[G ;fDofIjf cDn[I tlIblI gfx[Gs[c]Kkff x'S;f] tfi[d' kfM]S;[ .

ufpFdf xNnf rNof ] , ca km ] l/kf]MSnfafªdf dx]Gb| d]nf nfUg] eof] . hgo'4sfsf/0f nfdf] ;dob]lv d]nf :ylut lyof] .d]nf nfUg] ePkl5 ufpFsf o'jfo'jtLx¿ km'?ªuePsf lyP . t]gfxfªnfO{ d]nf eg]kl5 k'/fgf]s'/fsf] ofb cfpg yfNof] . ToxL d]nfdfk'mªnf]tL;Fu e]6 ePsf] lyof], k'mªnf]tL ufpFs}Pshgf lbbLsf] gGbkg]{ ePsf]n] ubf{ wfggfRg]qmddf e]6 ePsf] lyof] .

nhfn' km'ª\nf]tLsf] Hofb} ld7f] :j/lyof] . ;do cFWof/f] ePklg ld7f] :j/sf] sf/0ft]gfxfªn] km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ rGb|dfem+} pHofnf] b]v]sf]lyof] . kfnfdL ;jfn hjfkmsf] qmdd} pgLx¿sfPsfsf{df kl/lrt eP . lj:tf/} kfnfdaf6Åbosf] s'/f aSg yfn] . lsg lsg pgLx¿sfefjgfn] Psfsf{df lhTg yfn] . k|]dsf aLhcª\s'/fpg yfn] . ;fyLx¿ stf k'u] stf,t/ pgLx¿ /ftel/ wfg gflr/x] . laxfgx'Fbf;Dd pgLx¿df efjgf ;f6f;f6 l;l4Psf]lyPg . ;fyLx¿ vf]Hb} cfP, 3/ hfg] tof/Lsf]nflu . km'ª\nf]tLsf] klg dfG5]x¿ cfP .pgLx¿sf] wfggfr gl;l4Psf] b]v]/ eGg yfn]–æ;'l7;f/f] t ug{ ePg lg s'ª\afx¿ . cfF6eP nu] eOxfN5 lg Û lsg xfd|f] r]nLnfO{ tng dflysf] agfO/fVg' ePsf] <Æ

otfkl§sfn] hjfkm lbP– æxfd|f] tvfgbfg} o:tf] k¥of] xf}, s'ª\afx¿ . tkfO{+x¿sf]r]nLn] 3/ ul/vfg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g eg]/ hfFRoflg Û /ftel/ l7ª\u|ofP/ .Æ

æxfd|f] vfgbfgdf slxNo} klg 5f]/Ln]csf{sf] 3/df uP/ sdf/L x'Fb}g, a? 3/HjfO{+agfpF5 .Æ pQfkl§sfn] klg uhas} pQ/lbP . km'ª\nf]tL / t]gfxfªn] Psfsf{df x]/fx]/

nueu bz jif{sf] e"ldut hLjgafFr]kl5 t]gfxfª ufpFdf crfgs e'mlNsP .

of] aLrsf] ;dodf w]/} s'/f ;'lgPsf]lyof] pgsf] af/]df, sfKd'?s\df ePsf] o'4dfzxfbt k|fKt u/] /] . lqz'nLdf lhpFb} aufOof]/] . s'g h]ndf ;l8P/ a;]sf 5g\ /] . lhpFb}ufl8of] /], cflb OToflb . kl/jf/;Fu ;Dks{x/fPkl5 o:t} o:t} cfzª\sfx¿ hlGdbf/x]5g\, eGg] eof] ;a}nfO{ . lsgeg], pgL;s';n ufpFdf em'lNsP .

pgL dfq e'mNs]gg\, w]/} ;fyLx¿dfeme'lNsP . pgnfO{ e]6\g ufpFel/sf dflg;x¿e]nf ePsf lyP . pgLx¿s]f hf]z hfFu/b]v]/ pgsf ;fyLx¿ cfkm}cfkm}nfO{ gfdb{;lDem/x]sf x'g;Snfg\ . lsgeg] pgLx¿n] o'4lht]/ cfPsf lyP, ca d'n'sdf zf]ifs;fdGtLx¿sf] cGTo eof] eg]/ 3f]if0ff klgul//x]sf lyP .

x'g klg bz jif{sf] cGt/fndf d'n'ssf]k"/} efunfO{ cfˆg} kfOtfnfn] r'ld;s]sf] lyof] .d'n'snfO{ s'g 7fpFdf s:tf] ljsf;sf]cfjZostf 5 eg]/ d'v]~hL x'g] g} eof] .7fpFcg';f/ lzIffsf] cfjZostf, 7fpFcg';f/ljsf;sf] cfjZostf s] s] xf] s] s] < ufpFdfs]xL eof] eg] klg pgnfO{ ;f]Wg] gofF kl/kf6Lsf]hGd kf] x'g yfNof] . pgL n]sj]zL ul//xFbfdfG5]x¿ 8/fpg] ;d]t ub{y] .

pgsf ;fyLx¿ w]/}hgf g} lyP,d'n'ssf ljleGg 7fpFsf xf}+ eGg] uy]{ . ljleGghfltsf lyP . ljleGg hfltsf ePsf sf/0flnDa'jfgdf pgLx¿ cgf}7f klg b]lvGy] . x/]slqmofsnfkx¿ pgLx¿sf] nflu lh1f;fsf]ljifo ag]sf] lyof] .

dgdf nfu]sf lh1f;fx¿ Ps lbg p;n]dflnSgL;fd' la;fof] .

æTof] t dflnsHo"sf] ltdLk|ltsf] Kof/cem a9]/ kf] To;f] eGg' ePsf]Æ– eGg]dflnSgLsf] rsf]{ jStJon] cfkm\g' dgsf] zª\sfd]6fof] p;n] .

cfh–ef]ln dflnsn] p;nfO{ ævfb'Æxf]Og ævft]Æ egL ;Daf]wg ug{ yfn]sf] 5 .

æcfkm"k|lt dflnsHo"sf] Kof/ cema9]5Æ eG7fgL vfbL/fh xlif{t e}sg 8«]l;ª?dsf] 7"nf] P]gf k'5\g yfN5 .

klZrd l;lSsdemail:- abiral_sawa@yahoo.com

dfgjWjh ;/sf] eJo dxndf afnsl76f] vfbL/fh gf]s/sf] ?kdf lelqPsf] klglgs} ;do lalt;s]5 .

;'?sf lbgx¿df cfkm\gf] dflnsn]p;nfO{ ævfbL/fh gfgLÆ eg]/ k|]dk"j{saf]nfpg] u¥Yof] . o;/L olt ld7f] gfdn]cfkm"nfO{ ;Daf]wg ul/Fbf p;sf] dg To;}–To;} k'm?Ss x'GYof] . cfkm\gf] dflns cfkm\g}afa'e}F nfUYof] p;nfO{ .

s]xL ;dokl5 dflnsn] p;nfO{ævfbL/fh gfgLÆ geg]/ ævfb'Æ egL ;Daf]wgug{ YfNof] . cfkm"nfO{ o;/L 5f]]6f] zAbdfaf]nfO{+bf p;nfO{ cln cgf}7f] nfUof] . cfkm\g'

;Daf]wgcfOt ;fjfb]g æclj/nÆ

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kfnfdsf] ulx/fO{– b]j]Gb| ;'s]{nL

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;do;Dd sxfF s] ub}{ lyP, ljjfx eof] lsePg cflb OToflb ;f]Wg} lyof] . t/ s;/L;f]Wg] eGg] s'/fdf låljwf eof] –b'j}df .

dg yfDg} ;s]g t]gfxfªn] . x[boaf6}af]Nof] pm –

lat]sf] 5}g af/af/sf] h"gL;f]r]sf] 5' x}, d ltd|} x'FgL5'l§of} jiff}{+ ;don] ubf{;~r} kf] xf] ls lj;~r} 5f}gL .

km'ª\nf]tLn] klg dg yfDg ;lsg,tTsfn} pQ/ lbOxfnL .

x]g{sf] nf]rg, xh'/sf] arg;~r} 5', eg'F, tfu]/f v6gpFwf] x} tdf]/ alu/Xof] +lsg kf] slxn] au]g of] dg .

ubub eof] t]gfxfª . p;sf] dfofcfh;Dd p;}sf] ;Demgfdf /x]sf] 5 . en}p;n] b]z lht]/ cfPsf] xf];\ . ToxL dlGb/cl3kl5 /fte/ wfg gflr/x] gflr/x] .

otf t]gfxfªsf ;fyLx¿n] t]gfxfªnfO{vf]Hg yfn] . leGg} kl/j]z, leGg} efiff /;+:s[ltdf x'ls{Psf ;fyLx¿nfO{ lnDa'jfgdfgflrPsf] wfggfr x]bf{ cgf}7f] nfUof] .pgLx¿nfO{ klg t?gLsf xft ;dft]/ wfggfRg dg gnfusf] xf]Og . lsgls ljk/Ltlnª\uLsf] xft ;dft]/ wfg gfRgdf pgLx¿n]cs}{ /:jfbg e]6] .

nfdf] ;dosf] w'OFktfn vf]hkl5pgLx¿n] t]gfxfªnfO{ dlGb/sf] kl5lNt/ wfggflr/x]sf] avt km]nf kf/] . ;fyLx¿nfO{ 9'ª\ufvf]Hbf b]ptf ldn]em}+ eof] . pgLx¿ bf}8]/ cfO{km'ª\nf]tLsf] xft ;dft] . km'ª\nf]tL cflQOg\ t/t]gfxfªn] d]/f ;fyL x'g\ eg]kl5 pgL 9'SseOg\ .

;fyLx¿ klg 3'Dg yfn], a]9ª\usf]rfn;lxt . alni7 xftn] km'ª\nf]tLsf] g/dxft cF7\ofPsf] lyof] . Tof] cF7\ofO{+df c;xhtf5 eGg] km'ª\nf]tLsf d'xf/af6 k|i6 emlNsGYof] .

k'/fgf] 7fpF vf]Hg yfNof] . nfdf] hgo'4sf]sf/0f k'/fgf 3/x¿ elTsP/ 7Dofpg d'l:sneO/x]sf] lyof] .

pm Tof] 7fpFsf] vf]hLdf lyof] cgj/t .leQfx¿ u|fp08df kl/0ft eTo;]sf lyP .af6f]df 7"n7"nf] tf]/0fx¿ b]Vof], hgo'4sfgf/fx¿ b]Vof] . rf}tf/fx¿ b]Vof] –zxLbsf:d[ltdf agfOPsf] . b]zsf] 9fFrf km]g]{ gfddfcfˆgf] u9sf] ljgf; ePsf]df p;sf] x[boed{/fP cfof] .

6f9f;Dd kfnfdsf] u'~hg cfO/x]s]flyof] –

jiff}{+sf] lj5f]8, s] 5 lg lgrf]8aNn kf] yfÚef], dfofsf] tL rf]6cfh;Dd afFr], ltd|} gfd lnO{ls ;'Gof} n'ªf, dfofdf vf]6 .

t]gfxfª clnslt xfF:of], ;don] kfnfdklg ulx/f] x'gyfn]5 .

p;n] b]Vof] / lrGof], k'mª\nf]tL / p;n]wfg gfr]sf] 7fpF . Pp6f ;fgf] dlGb/df kl/0fteP5 –Tof] 7fpF . pm xQfl/P/ ToxfF k'Uof] .t/, crfgs Pp6f o'jtL eml:sP/ p7L .dlGb/sf] Ps 5]pdf al;/x]sL .

p;n] Tof] klg lrGof]– km'ª\nf]tL .jiff}{+sf] cGt/fndf pgL s]xL b'anL ePsL/x]l5g\ . d'xf/df rfFofsf w;f{x¿ sf]l/gyfn]5g\ . cfFvfx¿ tLj| clenfiffdf s]Gb|Lt/x]sf .

…k'mª\nf]tL === .Ú p;n] af]nfof] la:tf/} .…t]gxfª=== .Ú pm 5Ss k/L . nfU5,

bf}8]/ cª\ufnf]df a]/f} . t/, Tof] rng 5}g,lnDa'jfgdf . a//{ cfF;' emf/L .

t]gxfª la:tf/} cufl8 a9\of], h8jtplePsL km'ª\nf]tLsxfF . clg xft a9fof]cufl8 . k'mª\nf]tL klg asf]{af6 xft lgsfnL/ t]gxfªnfO{ lbO{ . b'j}sf dgaf6 bgbgLcfuf] / d';nwf/] cfFwL a/fa/ cfO/x]sf]efg x'GYof] . s;/L s] ;f]Wg], oqf] nfdf]

nfdf] ;dob]lv aGb /x]sf] d]nfnfu]sf] sf/0f xf]nf k|To]s o'jfo'jtLdfxiff]{Nnf; Hofbf lyof] . t/, b]zsf] kl/jlt{tcj:yfn] ubf{ s;/L d]nf rNg] xf] eGg] s'/fn]q l;t klg plQs } lyP . ufp F3/dfnfdf];do;Dd gofF cg'zf;gsf] z}nLn]ufFh]sf] lyof] . To;}sf/0f, ghfGbf ghfGb}klg s]xL cg'zf;gsf kfngf ul//x]sf] k|tLtx'GYof] .

;f]N6LgL;Fu ulxl/P/ wfggfRg] dgx'Fbf klg s]xL kf] eOxfNg] xf] ls eGg] kL//x]sf] lyof] . v'n]/} ukm ug{;d]t ;ls/x]sflyPgg\ . sd}dfq hfF8/S;Lsf] k;nx¿ /x]sf]lyof] eg] nª\u'/j'hf{ v]nfpgsf] nfluo'jfx¿n] NofP klg yflkxfNg eg] ;s]sflyPgg\ .

t]gfxfª klg p;sf ;fyLx¿;Fu d]nfeg{ cfPsf] lyof] . p;sf] ;fydf w]/} ufpFn]x¿klg lyP . t]gfxfª ;fydf ePsf]n] ubf{ xf]nfpgLx¿ s]xL lg8/ b]lvGy] . k"mlt{kmftL{ Hofbflyof] .

pgLx¿n] t]gfxfª;Fu ;f]w]– …xfdL wfggfRg ;S5f}+ lg <Ú

t]gfxfªn] eGof]– …lsg g;Sg' .Ú of] txfd|f] /Lltl/jfh xf] . o;nfO{ slxn} e'Ng'x'Gg .nfdf] ;dob]lv /f]lsPsf] d]nf cfh nflu/x]sf]5 . To;}sf/0f, hlt;Sbf] wLt d?~h]n wfggfr]/ hfg'k5{ .

t]gfxfªsf] of] s'/f ;'g]kl5 ufpFn];fyLx¿ pT;flxt eP . rf8} g} cfˆgf;f]N6LgLsf xft ;dft]/ wfggfRgsf] nflucg'dlt dfUg yfn] . pgLx¿n] wfggfRg z'?u/]kZrft gfRg]x¿sf] x'n a9\of] . ld7f / ulx/fkfnfdsf efsfx¿ xfNb} .

t]gfxfªnfO{ kfnfd ;'g]kl5 k'/fgf]ofbn] emg\ em:sfpg yfNof] . of] 7"nf] eL8dfst} k'mª\nf]tL t cfPsL 5}gg\ eGg] klg eof]/ cfFvfn] k/k/;Dd vf]lh/x]sf] lyof] . pm

u/] . s]xL l5g\ ud]/ t]gfxfªn] kfnfddf efsfxfNof] –

P=== kmnfd] ;fF3' tbf{v]/Ldfofn] xh'/ ubf{v]/Lls cfF6 u/f+}, s'6'Da;fd"/Llt l/jfhdf l5bf{v]/L .

km'ª\nf]tL klg Psl5g\ uldg\ /k|To'Q/sf] efsf xfNg yflng\ .

P=== kmnfd] ;fF3' lvof nfUnf,d'6'sf] dfof, d'6'd} hfUnfs] laTof 5 /, b'O{ af/sf] h"gLxflh/} x'G5', dfofn] dfUnf .

t]gfxfªn] s'/f a'em\of] / eGof] –P=== kx]FnL ds} e'6'FSof/]To;f] eP sfG5L 5'6'FSof/]rf8} g} cfpnf k'if] d]nfdg eP sfG5L e]F6'Sof/] .

clg b'j}hgfn] :j/ xfn] –P=== l;dl;d] kfgL /lxuof] lg5'l6g] a]nf eOuof] lgk'if]gL geP df3]gL xf]nf;Demgf glhs cfOuof] lg .

b'j}hgfn] em08} e"OF;Dd} 5f]P/gd:sf/;lxtsf] 9f]u u/] / 5'l§P . km'ª\nf]tLsf]dfOtLn] k'mªnf]tLnfO{ nu] / t]gfxfªnfO{;fyLx¿n] NofP . s]xL j/ cfPkl5 t]gfxfªkms]{/ x]¥of] . 8fF8f s6\g} nfu]sf /x]5g\km'ª\nf]tLsf] hTyfn] . t/, km'ª\nf]tLsf] cfFvfeg] tn} lyof] .

…s] ;f ]rL /fVof <Ú ;fyLx¿sf]3R3RofOn] pm t/lËt eof] . lj:tf/} k'/fgf]s'/f lj:d[ltaf6 x6\g nfUof] . clg eGof]–…d]nfsf] s'/f ;'Gbf klxn]sf] ofb cfof] . /cfpg] d]nfdf k'gM Tof] bf]xf]l/G5 ls bf]xf]l/+b}gxf]nf eGg] ;f]lr/fVof,Ú p;n] km';km';fPsf]z}nLdf eGof] .

================ ================

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b'j}kIfaf6 ;d:of /flvof] . /flv;s]kZrfta '9fkfsfx¿n ] Psl5g ;Nnfx u/ ] .;NnfxkZrft Ps eb| a'9fkfsfn] p7]/ eGgyfn]– of ] lnDa'jfgdf hf] /LltlyltdfrlncfPsf] 5 . h;nfO{ lnDa"x¿n] dfqa'em\g]5g\ . cGo hfltnfO{ To;f] ulx/fO{af/]a'em\g ufx|f] x'G5 . wfggfrdf cfˆg} kljqtfx'G5, cfˆg} ulx/fO{ x'G5 . Pp6f lnDa"sf]5f]/fn] csf]{ lnDa"sf] 5f]/L;Fu wfggflr/xFbfs'g} zª\sf ug'{kg]{ x'Fb}g . lsgeg], pgLx¿n]ulx/fO{ a'em]sf x'G5g\ . hf] dgleq;Dd k'u]s]fx 'G5 . t/, cGohfltsf ] dgleq k'Ug;Sb}gg\ . To;sf/0f, pgLx¿df cGoyf ;f]ra9 ] / hf G5 . o f ] 36 \g f t ]g fx fªsf;fyLx¿af6 36\gk'Uof] . pgLx¿ lnDa"lyPgg\ . pgLx¿df lnDa'jfgsf] ulx/fO{ yfxfx'g] s'/f cfPg . t/, pgLnfO{ yfxf ePgeg]/ oqf] ljt08f dRrfpg lnDa'jfgsf] /Lltxf]Og . t;y{, b]zsf] k|zf;g;d]t l:y/gePsf ] v08df xfdL bzlnDa'jfgsfk~renfb\dLx¿ e]nf eO{ of] cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ls pgLx¿sf] ca'emkgnfO{ PskN6 dflkmlbP/ d]nf ;'rf?¿kdf rnfpgx'g]5 . calnDa'jfgdf eO{k/L cfpg] x/]s lqmofsnfkdfxfd|f] pkl:ylt hgfpFg]5f} eGg] of] sfuhu/fPsf] 5f}+ .

Olt ;Dat\===== jif{==== /f]h=== z'ed\ .;a}sf] d'xf/df pHofnf] 5fpg yfn]sf]

dx;'; eof] . t]gfxfªn] zL/ prfNof], ;aeGbfklxn] km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ b]Vof] . h"gh:t} xfF;L/x]sL .t]gxfªnfO{ ;+;f/} lht]em} nfUof] .

================ ================+ eujfg* bfh' Û s]xL klg ePsf] xf]Og .# lnDa'jfgdf v's'/Ln] sf6fsf6 u/L

rNg] emu8f .

k'g:yf{kgf ePsf] sf/0f k'ln; rf}sLsf]gfdf]lgzfgf lyPg . lyP t nfdf nfdf v's'/Lle/]sf o'jf tyf cwj}z]x¿ . ;asf sfg 7f8f7f8f lyP . s;}n] 7"nf] af]Nof] ls bf}8]/ k'luxfNy] .h] xf];\ Pp6f lgx'F dfq rflxPsf] lyof] . h;sf/0f7]; nufP/ lgx' vf]Hgdf tlNng lyP o'jfx¿ .

d]nf cfof]hsx¿ emu8f gu/fpgdftlNng lyP . rf/}lt/ t}gfy lyP, ;'rf?¿kdfd]nf ;~rfngsf] nflu . t/, o'jfx¿sf]pkl:yltn] clxn] s]xL eOxfN5 h:tf]nflu/x]sf] lyof] .

;fgf] lgx'F dfq rflxG5, emu8fsf]nflu . To;t} eof] . Pp6fn] ;f]N6LgLnfO{tfGof] wfg gfRgsf] nflu . ;f]N6LgLsf]lj/ fhLkgnfO { lnP/ emu8f pTkGgeOxfNof] . sltv]/ emu8f xf]nf eg]/ ;ts{x'g]x¿sf] efufefu eof] .

7"n} /Qmkft dlRrPnfem}+ x'gyfNof] .t/, crfgs ;fgf] Xof08dfOsdf :j/s'ln{of]– o'jfx¿ tkfO+{x¿ emu8f gug'{xf];\ .xfdL tkfO{+x¿sf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] nflucfpFb}5f} .

o'jfx¿ k5fl8 kmls{P– a'9fkfsfx¿sf]nfdf] x'n qmdzM d]nftkm{ cl3 al9/x]sf] lyof] .

of] s] rlt{snf xf]– ;a 5Ss kl//x]sflyP . oL a'9fkfsfx¿ s;/L / lsg oxfF cfPk'u]< dgdf t'na'n eO/x]sf] lyof] .

pgLx¿ 5 ]pdf cfOk 'u ] /Xof08dfOsaf6 eGg yfn]– oxfF 7"nf] kmf}bf/L#x'g nfu]sf] 5 eGg] xfdLdf hfgsf/L cfof] .t;y{, xfdL bz lnDa'jfgsf a'9fkfsfn] o;nfO{;dfwfg ug{ cfPsf xf}+ . t;y{, ;a}hgfn]xltof/ t'?Gt tn emfg'{ gq ;Dk"0f{ lnDa'jfgdfg} /Qmkft pTkGg x'g;S5 .

o'jfx¿ cNdlnP . s] u/f}+ s;f} u/f+}eGg] eP/ Psfsf{df sfg]v'zL ug{nfu] .

a'9fkfsfx? ghLs cfP . clg b'j}kIfnfO{ emu8fsf] aLpaf/] hfgsf/L lnP .

s'/fx¿ x/fP . nfdf] ;do;Dd ufpFsf] 9frfkm]g{sf] nflu xf]ldPsf] pm, ;f+:s[lts If]qdfslt 7"nf] c;/ k'¥ofP5 eGg] eO/Xof] . Psdgn] eGYof]– ls hfpF km'ª\nf]tLsf] ufpFdf .dfk\m dfuF", km'ª\nf]tLsf] xft klg dfuF" .

t/ cl/ª\ufnsf] uf]nf ePsf] 5, pgsf]ufpF . pm t s] p;sf ufpFsf] sf]xL k'u]eg]klg 9'l6g] ;Defjgf lyof] . lsgeg], Tof] ufpF;Fuklxn]b]lv g} kmf}bf/L rln/x]sf] lyof] .

s] u/f}, s;f] u/f} eGg] ;f]lr/x]sf] avtg} Tof] ufpFaf6 Pp6f lr6\7L cfof] . lr6\7LdfcfpFbf] df3]gL d]nfdf kmf}bf/L kg{sf] nflu lgdGq0fflyof] . t]gfxfª eml:sof] . st} s]xL pkfo nfU5ls To;f] /f]syfd ug]{ eGg] ;f]rn] w]/} 7fpFdfwfof] . t/, p;sf ufpFn]x¿n] g} dfg]gg\ .

…pgLx¿af6 o:tf] kq cfPkl5 xfdL lsgd/]sf] la/fnf]h:tf] x'g] < ca ls jf/ ls kf/x'g}k5{ . of] klxn} x'g'kYof]{ . t/, of] aLrsf] ;d:ofn]x'g ;ls/x]sf] lyPg .Ú eGg] pQ/ kfpFYof] ;a}af6 .

ufpFdf tof/L x'g yfNof] . d+;L/ nfu]sf]lyof] . wfg yGsfpg], bfO{+ ug]{ sfd /ˆtf/dfx'g yfNof] . of] /ˆtf/ df3]gL d]nfsf] nflulyof] . hlt hlt lbg laTb} hfG5 plt pltt]gfxfªsf] xf];xjf; 7]ufgdf /xFb}gYof] .p;nfO{ km'ª\nf]tLsf] ofbn] cU3f]/} ;tfPsf]klg lyof] .

d]nf nfUg s]xL ;do afFsL lyof] .ufpFn]x¿ v's'/L pb\ofpg] qmddf nfu] . tnvf]nfdf uO{ g'xfpg] / sk8f w'g] qmddf nfu] .d]nfdf 7"nf] kmf}bf/L x'g] s'/f ;j{q km}lnPsf]lyof] . To;sf/0f cfOdfO{ s]6fs]6L hfg] jfghfg] bf]wf/df lyP .

t]gfxfªn] Tof] d]nfd} k'Ug}kg]{ eof] .lsgeg] emu8fsf] aLp pm lyof] . pm / p;sf;fyLx¿af6 ;[lht eP/ g} of] ult x'g k'u]s]flyof] . t;y{, pm nfUof] d]nflt/ .

d]nfdf /f}gs lyPg . w]/}h;f] o'jf tyfcw{j}+z]x¿ dfq lyP . ev{/ b]zdf zflGtsf]

t/, k'mª\nf]tLn] ;x]sL lyOg\ . lsgeg],jiff}{ +kl5 dgsf] /fh;Fu e]6 ePsf] lyof] .

t]gfxfªnfO{ s'g} k|jfx lyPg . lsgeg],pm wfggfrsf] ulx/fOdf lyof] . of] ulx/fOdfs'g} gsf/fTds wf/0ff pAhb}g, cjZo .

pHofnf] vl;;s]sf] lyof] . t/,t]gfxfªsf efjgf t}l/;s]sf] lyPg . pm emg\ulx/fO{df 8'Ab} uO/x]sf] lyof] . crfgsPsx'n o'jfx¿ cfP/ t]gfxfª / t]gfxfªsf];fyLx¿dfly hfOnfu] . ta dfq t]gfxfªsf]efjgf t}l/of] .

p;n] b]Vbf km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ p;sf;ª\uLx¿n] cF7\ofO+{/x]sf lyP eg] o'jfx¿n]pgLx¿dfly df/lk6 ul//x]sf lyP .km'ª\nf]tLn]– …cfk'm<P, cfDe'<P, x]Ggfª\dÞ]MGgf*Ú eg]sf] ;'g]kl5 pgsf] dfOtL x'g\eGg] k|i6eof] .

t]gxfª / p;sf ;fyLx¿dflydf/lk6 eO/x]sf] b]v]kl5 t]gxfªsf ufpFn]x¿klg cfP . 7"nf] kmf}bf/L# km]l/ dlRrg] eof] .nfdf] ;dokl5 nfu]sf] d]nf ePsf] sf/0f cas] x'g] xf]nf eg]/ d]nf eg{ cfpg]x¿ efufefueP . d]nf l5ge/d} z"Gotfdf kl/0ft eof] .

t]gfxfªsf ufpFn]n] pgLx¿nfO{ nv]6\gyfn] . t]gfxfªn] ;a}nfO{ /f]Sof] . kmf}bf/L /f]Sgsf]nflu af/Daf/ cfu|x u¥of] . t]gfxfªsf]cfu|xkl5 p;sf ufpFn]x¿ kmls{P . t/pgLx¿ cem} d'd'{l//x]sf lyP .

t]gfxfªn] km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ vf]Hof] . t/,km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ ;ª\uLx¿n] dfly 8fF8fdfk'¥ofTo;]sf /x]5g\ . p;n] 8fF8fdf x]¥of],km'ª\nf]tLnfO{ eL8af6 lrxfO/x]sf] kfof] . p;sf]dg klUnP/ cfof] . t/, s] ug{ ;Sof] / <pgLx¿ l56f] l56f] efUg] ;'/df lyP .dfOtLx¿n] r]nLsf] ;'/Iff u/]/ eufpFb} lyP .

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uP/ k9\g] wf]sf]nfO{ k"/f u5'{ . clg ltd|f];xof]usf] sb/ ug]{5' .Æ

æTo; kl5 <Æ pT;'stf ;'s'dsf] .æTo;kl5 n]Sr// aG5' . Tolta]nf

;Dddf t ltdL klg :6fkm g;{ eO;s]sLx'g]5f}======. ætfG5f]sf] s'/f ;'g]/ ;'Ss'd nfhn]3f]lK6G5] . oL b'a}hgfn] hLjgdf s]xL ug{ yfn]kl5oL b'O{sf] ;DaGw s] x'G5 xf]nf < of] s'/f ;Dem]/;'Ss'dsf] d'6' hf]8n] 9's9'lsG5 . ;'Ss'dn]tfG5f];+u g} 6\o';g k9]/ P;=Pn=;L=df /fd|f]cª\s NofP/ kf; u/]sL x'G5] . ;fg}b]lv ;+u}x'ls{Psfn] b'a}hgf v'n]/ s'/fug{ ;Sb5g\ .km';{bsf] ;dodf cfk;df e]6]/ s] s] s'/ful//xG5g\ . slxn] tfG5f]n] ;'Ss'dnfO{ syfx¿;'gfpF5 . 7"n–7"nf dxfk'?ifx¿sf] hLjgL;'gfpF5 . gfG5f]s} s'/faf6 k|]l/t eP/ ;'Ss'dn]:6fk\m g;{ k9]/ /f]uL, la/fdLsf] ;]jf ug]{ ;kgfa'g]sL x'G5] . tfG5f] syf, sljtf, cfl6{sn n]Vg?rfpF5 . p;sf] klxnf] kf7s g} ;'Ss'd xf] .;+u} k9]/ :gfts kf; u/L :gftsf]Q/ k9\g ;a};fyLx¿ hfG5g\ . t/, tfG5f] eg] k};fsf] cefjn]hfg g;s]sf] Tof] g/dfOnf] lbgnfO{ ;DemGb}Ps lbg tfG5f]n] ;'Ss'd;+u eG5, æ;'Ss'd olbTo;tf] o'lgel;{6L xfd|f] nflu ot} eOlbPsf]eP, xfdLh:tf lgDgju{sf 5f]/f–5f]/Lx¿n] klg;lhn} k9\g] lyP .Æ sf}t'xntfsf ;fy ;'Ss'dk|Zg u5]{, æ;fFRr}, lsg sf7df8f}+ dfq o'lgel;{6LePsf] xf]nf x} <Æ

æv} Û b]zsf g]tfx¿n] ;f]Rg' kg]{ xf] .x/]s jif{ w]/} ljBfyL{x¿ k};fsf] cefjn] k9\g5f]l8/x]sf 5g\ . Æ

csf]{ lbg, r}tsf] dlxgf ePsf]n] u/dcTolws a9]sf] x'G5 . k/ s'nf]sf] d'xfgdf

z'qmaf/ ;fFemkv ;'Ds'd lj/f6gu/af6cfkm\gf] 3/ufFp kms{G5] . c? lbgdfeGbf cfh;'Ss'd cln km/s b]lvG5] . pgsf] lxF8fO{ clnxtfl/Psf] b]lvG5 . pgsf] cg'xf/n] s;}nfO{t'?Gt} b]vL xfNg cft'/ ePsf] h:tf] emNsG5 .af6}df ha tfG5f]sf] ;fgf] df6f]n] lnlkPsf]3/ cufl8 k'U5], ta pgn] tfG5f]nfO{ xtfl/+Gb}k|Zg u5]{, æhfg' ePg sf7df8f}+ <Æ

æuOgÆ ;lhNn} pQ/ lbG5, tfG5f]n] .ÆælsgÆ 5Ss kb}{ ;f]W5] ;'Ss'd .æsf7df8f}+h:tf] dxª\uf] 7fFpdf d

h:tfn] s;/L l6Sg ;S5' xf]nf / ÛÆæl6lrªaf6 sdfpg' ePsf] k};f <Ææd;+u aL;xhf/ t lyof] . Tolt

/sdn] s] dfvf] df¥Yof] / < Æ;'s'd Psl5g ;f]r]/ t'?Gt} lg0f{odf

k'U5], æd;+u ePsf] of] ns]6 tkfO+{nfO{ k9\g]vr{sf] nflu lbg] ePF . ca k'Ub}g <Æ

æ;'Ss'd d}n] Pd P l;WofpFgsf] nfluPs nfveGbf klg a9L vr{sf] cfjZostfkb{5 . To;}n], d}n] o;k6s sf7df8f}+ ghfg]lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] 5' .Æ

tfG5f]sf] lg0f{o ;'g]/ ;'Ss'd df}g/xG5] . pgnfO{, / ufFpdf w]/}nfO{ yfxf 5,tfG5f] ldx]gtL 5 . p;n] cj;/ kfP k9fOdfrf8} ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5 . slxn]–slxn];'Ss'd of] klg sNkgf u5]{ ls tfG5f]sf];kmntfsf] lglDt rf]?F, u?F, n'6\g hfpmF, cflbOTolb .

pbfl;Psf] efjdf ;'Ss'd af]N5], æcas] ug'{x'G5 <Æ

æl6lrªnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbG5' . k};fhDdf ug]{ sf]l;; u5'{ / csf]{ jif{ sf7df8f}+

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v]g ofSy'ª nfh]/f]ldDhLaf nfh]/f]

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1fg–lj1fgsf s'/f /r'6lsnfnfO{ :yfg lbP /fd|f];DkfbsHo',;]jf/f] Û

kfnfdsf jif{ # c+s ! -j}zfv÷h]7_cª\s d9\g kfPF, w]/} v'zL nfUof] . kfnfddfk|sflzt ;a} n]v, /rgf pTs[i6 g} 5g\ . lnDa";+:s[ltsf ljleGg kIfnfO{ ;ª\ufn]/ lgsfn]sf]of] kfnfd klqsf jf:tjdf ;a} k|sf/sf kf7so'jf–o'jtLb]lv a'9f kfsfsf] nflu nf]slk|o 5 .o; klqsfdf 1fg–lj1fgsf s'/f / r'6lsnfnfO{klg :yfg lbFbf cem pTs[i6 x'g] lyof] .

cGtdf, cfˆgf] ;+:s[ltnfO{ emNsfpFb};Dk"0f{ kf7ssf] nf]slk|o aGb} ;bf cfˆgf];flxlTos ofqfdf lg/Gt/ cl3 al9/xf];\, oxLd]/f] xflb{s z'esfdgf 5 .

cf/= s]= /hs lk|of;'Djfbf] *, t]x«y'd\

…kfnfdÚ sf] jif{M #, cª\s ! k"0ff{ª\s !$,pTs[i6 / vf]hk"ns nfUof] . t/, o; cª\sdfkfnfd / VofnLsf] ;dfj]z gkfPsf]df dh:tfnfvf}+ kf7sx¿ b'MvLt / g/dfOnf] ePsf]xf]nf eGb} cfpFbf] cª\sx¿df cjZo :yfglbg'x'G5 eGg] cf;f ub{5' .

/fh' ;fFjf æcw'/f]Æ

xfª\kfª\ !, tflKnª\hf]ª, lnDa'jfg

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z'esfdgf;+:s[ltssf] pksf/ ug]{ ltdLb]z–ljb]zdf lrgfpg] rfxg]x/fPsf] d'Gw'dsf] vf]h tnf; ub}{ ltdLvf]l;Psf] clwsf/nfO{ n8]/ lng rfxg];'t]sf] lnDa'jfgnfO{ Ao"Femfpg] ltdLvl08t dgx?nfO{ Pslqt u/fpmo'jf ju{nfO{ ;xLdfu{df lxF8fpFb} ltdLn]xs clwsf/sf] n8fO{+ n8\g l;sfpm .yfxf 5, lnDa'jfg :jfoQtf xfd|f] rfxgfoxL 5, …kfnfdÚ nfO{ klg z'esfdgf Û

/f]zg lnDa" …eQmÚvfDnfn'ª –*, t]x|y'd\, lnDa'jfgxfnM g]kfn dfgljsL SoDk;

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kfnfd lnDa'jfgsf nflupTk|]/s ag]sf] 5

;DkfbsHo',;]jf/f] Û

kfnfdsf k|sflzt ;a} cª\s x]g]{df}sf ldn]sf] 5 . …kfnfdÚ lnDa'jfgsf nflupTk|]/s ag]sf] 5 . cfjfh a'NfGb kfl//x]sf]

;+3Lo u0ftflGqsg]kfndf cfTdlg0f{osf]clwsf/;lxt hftLo

:jfoQtf k|flKtsf lgldQ;+ljwfg;efsf]

lgjf{rgnfO{ ;kmn kf/f}+ .

kfnfd dfl;s kl/jf/

efiff–lnlk

!= s'a'ª\ zs\-:j/ j0f{_Mc cM cf cfM cl cL c' c'M c] c} cf] cf} c{ c[ c{Mc cM cf cfM O O{ p pM P P] cf] cf} c PÞ PMefiffljbx¿sf cg';f/ lnDa" efiffdf hDdf !@ j6f :j/j0f{ x'G5g\ . c}, cf}, c{ k'/fgf]j0f{dfnfdf kfOPtf klg efiff lj1fgsf cfwf/df tL j0f{x¿ lnDa" :j/j0f{df e]l6Fb}gg\ . c] /cf] afx]s c? ;a}df x|:j / bL3{ x'G5g\ . tfklg oxfF k/Dk/fut :j/j0f{x?-c}, cf}, c{_nfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ .

@= s'ys\ zs\ -Jo~hg j0f{_Ms v u P i r p h t y b ws v u 3 ª r 5 h t y b wg k m a e d o F n j ; x Cg k km a e d o / n j ; x d'Sk|m]ª\-<_

#= zs\gfDkmg\-afx|v/L_Ms sM sf sfM sl sL s' s'M s] s} sf] sf} s[s sM sf sfM ls lsM s' s'M s] s} sf] sf} sÞ]

$= vflgg\ -cª\s_M0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11) ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( !) !!xf]k\ lys\ gÞ]t\ ;'d\ ln ªf t's\ g' oÞ]t\ kmfª\ lyaf]ª\ lyaf]ª\lys\÷lys\lys

% s'z]s\ zs\ -Wjlgs lrGx_M:j/j0f{sf lrGxafx]s c? klg ……s'z]s\ zs\ÚÚ gfds b'O{ lrGxx¿ 5g\ . ltgLx¿lagf sltlnDa" zAbsf] k"0f{?kdf pRrf/0f x'g ;St}gg\ . tL Wjlg–lrGx¿ o; k|sf/ 5g\ .-s_ - M_ s]Dk|m]ª, sfMSdf _ sfMSdf _ gf3\g'-v_ - -_ ;Osf] g]kfnLsf] xnGt h:t} xf] . of] lrGx slxn] klg zAbsf] klxnf] cIf/df k|of]u x'Fb}g .cf];-ug' – cf];\ug' – xf] t lgsfy-dfGb' – sfy\df0b' – sf7df08'cl;-;]MI – O:;]Mª\ – ;Unf], dfq

^= r's\zs\-cfwfcIf/_MS I G T K D U NS ª\ G T K D ¥ N

&= PSt'd\ zs\ -;+o'Qm cIf/_MO q Jo / jhfO – Hof – h]÷h:tf]mftfq – kmfqf – 89]nf]rfJ – Rjf – kfgL

;lFlhIuf ;fKkfMGM l;l/hª\uf lnlkl;l/hª\uf lnlkl;l/hª\uf lnlkl;l/hª\uf lnlkl;l/hª\uf lnlk