shafi fiqh

8/10/2019 Shafi Fiqh

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Answered by Shaykh Hamza Karamali, SunniPath Academy Teacher

The Muslim community in the area where I am living has ust recently started !raying the "riday congregational !rayer# They

are using tem!orary accommodation $or the "riday congregational !rayer# This accommodation is not available $or the $ive daily

!rayers# It is also very unlikely due to the small amount o$ Muslims !resent in this area that the $ive daily !rayers could be

established at !resent# As such, establishing a "riday congregational !rayer is seen as a !recursor to establishing the $ive dailycommunal !rayers#

The Muslims in this area have a!!roached an organization which may assist them $inancially in renting a house $or this !ur!ose

%"riday and daily !rayer However, the community needs to be gathering $or "riday !rayer to be eligible# In the view o$ this

organization the "riday !rayer should be the $irst !rayer established#

However, under the !resent circumstances the "riday !rayer is invalid according to the Sha$i mathab due to the $act that the

number o$ Muslims attending the !rayer are less than '(#

The remaining $ive conditions $or the validity o$ the "riday congregational !rayer according to the Sha$i mathab seem to be

$ul$illed# There is no other valid "riday !rayer within a distance that would make it obligatory $or the Muslims in this area to

attend# To date the Muslims have been !raying "riday congregational !rayer and then immediately a$terwards !raying )hur#

Is there another o!inion within the madhab !ermitting the number to be less than '(* +hat do you advise the Muslims in this

small community do in this situation detailing the correct conduct o$ both the !erson leading such a "riday !rayer and that o$ a

$ollower o$ the !erson leading*

Answer:

In the ame o$ Allah, Most Merci$ul and -om!assionate

The Position o$ the Sha$i.i School

This issue has been dealt with a number o$ Sha$i.i te/ts# In "athu.l0Mu.in, Shaykh )ayn al01in al0Mallibari %Allah have mercy on

him& writes2

.al03ul4ini was asked about those who live in a village %4aryah& with less than '( !eo!le2 should they !ray the )uhr !rayer or the

"riday !rayer* He re!lied2 .According to the school o$ al0Sha$i.i, they should !ray the )uhr !rayer# A grou! o$ scholars have,

however, !ermitted then to !ray the "riday !rayer and this is a strong !osition# I$ they $ollow %ta4leed& this !osition, they can

!er$orm the "riday !rayer# It would be !raiseworthy %hasan& i$ they are !recautious and !ray the )uhr !rayer a$ter !er$orming the

"riday !rayer#.. %I.anatu.l0Talibin, 5#67,68&

In other words, according to the Sha$i.i school, it is not obligatory on the !eo!le o$ the village to !ray the "riday !rayer and they

must !ray the )uhr !rayer instead# The best course to $ollow in such a case, however, would be to $ollow the Hana$i school,

which holds that the "riday !rayer can be validly !er$ormed with ' !eo!le %the imam !lus 9 $ollowers& %al0:ubab $i Sharh al0Kitab,

;#;;;&, and to then $ollow this by !raying the )uhr !rayer according to the Sha$i.i school a$ter the "riday !rayer# 3y doing this,

one would have !er$ormed the "riday !rayer validly according to an acce!table Sunni !osition, and also $ul$il led the

re4uirements o$ one.s own school# This is what I would advise you to do#


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ote that i$ one validly !er$ormed the "riday !rayer according to the Hana$i school, it is not strictly necessary to !ray the )uhr

!rayer, since it is !ermissible to $ollow any one o$ the ' Sunni schools#

Alternative Positions within the Sha$i.i School

There are, however, other !ositions within the Sha$i.i school# Imam al0Sha$i.i


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wa alaikum salam,

;# The Khutbahs are a condition $or the validity o$ ?umuah, i$ a condition or integral %o$ the khutbahs& is missing the ?umuahwonBt be valid in the $irst case or the Khutbahs in the second#

5# A very good discussion o$ most cha!ters related to "i4h al0BIbadah can be $ound in Shaykh BAbd Allah al0?urdaniBs "ath

al0BAllam# Cnder the to!ic o$ discussion the author writes,

@ And know that it is necessary $or the $ull number %o$ attendants& to be !resent $rom the beginning o$ the khutbah until the end o$the !rayer# I$ the number o$ attendees lessen be$ore the Khutbah, the Khutbah shouldnBt begin until '( !eo!le are !resent# @

"ath al0Allam, 9D5'

'# ot too sure about this one, It mentions in al0Mu4addimat al0Hadramiyyah that it is Sunnah to recite Surat al0?umuBah in the$irst EakBah and al0Muna$i4un in the second, or Surah BAla in the $irst and Fhashiyah in the second#

Allah Ta BAla knows best

9# It took me a while to $ind the answer to this one# Again, in "ath al0BAllam, the author says, @

The Imams di$$er regarding the ruling o$ Imamah o$ the !erson who didnBt give the Khutbah#

He % I think he means here Shaykh awawi al0?awi & said in Mir4ah Saud al0Tasdi4 %a commentary o$ Sullam al0Ta$i4&, I$ anindividual gives the Khutbah and he wishes to !ut another !erson u! to lead the !rayer, it is necessary $or that !erson to beamong those who heard the Khutbah and that he intend ?umuah i$ he was among the '( attendants, otherwise the intention o$

?umuah is not a condition since it is valid to !ray ?umuah behind someone !raying 1huhr# And that is disliked, i#e that the khatibnot be the Imam#

And in this MasaBlah there is a di$$erent between the Imams as mentioned in Eahmat al0Cmmah %al01imash4iBs abridgment o$ al0ShaBraniBs Mizan al0Kubra&

The wording o$ Eahmat al0Cmmah 2

The Imams di$$er, is it !ermissible $or the Imam not to be the Khatib *

Abu Hani$ah said 2 It is !ermitted when there is an e/cuse#

Imam Malik said2 nly the Khatib may lead#

Imam al0Sha$iB has two views2 The sound view is that it is !ermitted and two narrations are related $rom Ahmad#

In Mizan al0Kubra it mentions that Imam Malik has two views and the more !re!onderant view is that it is !ermitted when there isan e/cuse, like the view o$ Abu Hani$ah#

"ath al0BAllam, 9D66

Re: Shafi'i: Friday prayer fiqh questions

riginally Posted by alfatiha

+aB alaikumsalam#;# Incom!lete khutbah2 $ew o$ the arkan is missing or done in >nglish %no dua, etc&, should we !er$orm )uhr or !ray ?umuah*

Khutbah can be given in Arabic or other languages, and there are two khutbah in salah ?umaBah# 3ut i$ the Khutbah isincom!lete, o$ course, this salah is not considered as salah ?umaBah#

5# The khutbah is started when there is less than '( !eo!le but ends when there is @enough@ !eo!le#


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"irst khutbah is started a$ter Azan# Khatib say shalawat and duBa, then start $irst khutbah# Then continue with second khutbahthat shorter than the $irst#

In Sha$iBi madhaab, minimum !artici!ants in salah ?umaBah are '( !ersons including Imam# Salah ?umaBah with less than '(!ersons is not valid#9# Khatib and Imam are di$$erent#

Khatib and Imam are allowed to di$$erent or same !ersons##'# Sadah ayat in the surah read %either in Khutbah or Prayer

-an you re!eat this 4uestion with other words *# I donBt understand#

+a Iyakum#


$or the answers#

There$ore, i$ the ?umaBah is incom!lete, should we !ray )uhr instead a$ter the ?umaBah !rayer*

+hat con$uses me is that when a !erson come late but he manage to catch the $irst rakaBah %be$ore iBtidal&, he still doesnBt needto do )uhr but only !ray ?umaBah# In this case he com!letely misses the whole khutbah and doesnBt need to !ray )uhr at all%$rom what I understand So what is the di$$erent o$ this case and the case where the Khutbah is incom!lete* Is khutbahconnected to the !rayer, or not*

-an we $ollow the old school o$ Sha$iBi where it allows less than '( !eo!le to start ?umaBah* %IBve read $rom brother GahyaBs !ostlong time ago, but couldnBt $ind it here&

$or '2 My 4uestion was about what i$ the Imam do sadah tilawat during 4uran recitation either in the khutbah and the salah,+hat should the maBmum do* I ust need clari$ication# There was one incident where the Imam did sadah during !rayer %he readSurah Ala4& and it created a stir among maBmum#



$or the answers#

There$ore, i$ the ?umaBah is incom!lete, should we !ray )uhr instead a$ter the ?umaBah !rayer*

+hat con$uses me is that when a !erson come late but he manage to catch the $irst rakaBah %be$ore iBtidal&, he still doesnBt needto do )uhr but only !ray ?umaBah# In this case he com!letely misses the whole khutbah and doesnBt need to !ray )uhr at all%$rom what I understand So what is the di$$erent o$ this case and the case where the Khutbah is incom!lete* Is khutbahconnected to the !rayer, or not*

-an we $ollow the old school o$ Sha$iBi where it allows less than '( !eo!le to start ?umaBah* %IBve read $rom brother GahyaBs !ostlong time ago, but couldnBt $ind it here


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$or '2 My 4uestion was about what i$ the Imam do sadah tilawat during 4uran recitation either in the khutbah and the salah,+hat should the maBmum do* I ust need clari$ication# There was one incident where the Imam did sadah during !rayer %he readSurah Ala4& and it created a stir among maBmum#

In the $irst case that you mentioned, it assumes that there are '( !artici!ants when you arrive# As $or the last 4uestion, are youstill talking about less than '( !eo!le when the Khutbah begins or incom!lete in that the Arkan are not $ul$illed * In both cases itseems that the ?umuah !ray wonBt be valid since in the $irst scenerio there are less than '( !eo!le at the beginning o$ theKhutbah and in the second, the Khutbah is invalid#

Praying ?umuah with less than '(2

This 4uestion was asked to Imam al03al4ini %r#a&, i#e i$ the !eo!le in the town do not reach the re4uired amount o$ !artici!ants%namely '(&, do they !ray ?umuah or 1huhr *

He res!onded and said that they should !ray 1huhr according to the view o$ the Sha$iBi Madhhab#

A$ter relating this in "ath al0MuBin, the author Imam al0Mallibari mentions that a grou! o$ BClama have !ermitted ?umuah in suchcase, he mentions that it is a strong view and i$ the !artici!ants decide to $ollow such view they can !ray ?umuah and it is good i$

they are cautious and !ray 1huhr a$terwards#

It should be noted here that the !artici!ants have to ado!t the view that ?umuah may be !er$ormed with less than '(###


I need to start !ray )uhr then#

It should be noted here that the !artici!ants have to ado!t the view that ?umuah may be !er$ormed with less than '(

I donBt think any other madhhab that !ermits khutbah in other language other than Sha$iBi#



I need to start !ray )uhr then#

I donBt think any other madhhab that !ermits khutbah in other language other than Sha$iBi#

Gou should $ollow u! with a Sha$iBi BAlimReply With Quote


but I donBt know anyone nearby %or I donBt have any contact

+e donBt have any Masid %or Imam& nearby %nearest !ossibly 6( mile& and we use a basement in a building to !ray ?umaBah
http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/newreply.php?s=d76858c1b439297d6681c8dc20b20554&do=newreply&p=506480http://www.sunniforum.com/forum/newreply.php?s=d76858c1b439297d6681c8dc20b20554&do=newreply&p=506480


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and tarawihD>id !rayers# 3asically the imam ob is !assed on several brothers and some o$ them are not Sha$iBi %!ossibly Hana$ior Misri& and they start khutbah a$ter uhr %alhamdulillah& and some o$ them do not aware o$ the arkJn o$ khutbah, $or e/am!le,they donBt say the arkJn in Arabic, missing one o$ the arkJn es!ecially , and sometimes when you think they have $ul$illed

!retty much everything, they do duBa in >nglish, etc# The Hana$i BClamaB nearby %;6( mile& hold on to view o$ khutbah in Arabiconly# Peo!le usually come in later, but khutbah always start on time with !ossibly less than '( !eo!le# I know A nJ$ can do

?umaBah with less than '(, but they donBt !ermit non0Arabic khutbah# IBve brought this subect to one o$ the khatib be$ore and he

said in Hana$i, they can do non0Arabic khutbah %based on the $i4h ala madhhab arbaBah book&, so I donBt know# ot sure aboutother madhhab# # I$ you can bring this subect to any o$ the Sha$iBi ClamJB that would be most hel!$ul#

As $or now, my solution is to do uhr


brothers,

ust !roviding the hana$i view!oint on what you mentioned here 2riginally Posted by alfatiha

I know AnJ$ can do ?umaBah with less than '(, but they donBt !ermit non0Arabic khutbah# I've brouht this sub!e"t to one of

the #hatib before and he said in $anafi% they "an do non&Arabi" #hutbah based on the fiqh ala (adhhab arba'ah boo#)%so I don't #now#

The second misconce!tion with regard to the !osition o$ Imam Abu Hani$ah in the issue o$ Khutbah is that some !eo!le havemisinter!reted his view to say that a non0Arabic Khutbah is 4uite !ermissible according to Imam Abu Hani$ah#

This is again a wrong statement# Imam# Abu Hani$ah does not hold it 4uite !ermissible to deliver Khutbah in a non0Arabiclanguage# He holds it @Makrooh Tahreeman@, a term almost analogous to Bim!ermissibleB, which means that it is not allowed todeliver Khutbah in a language other than Arabic# However, i$ somebody commits this Makrooh %im!ermissible& act, his Khutbahwill not be deemed as void, and the ?umuah !rayer !er$ormed a$ter it will be valid#

To !ro!erly understand his !osition, one must recall that the Khutbah is a condition !recedent to the validity o$ ?umuah !rayer#+ithout Khutbah , ?umuah !rayer is void# ow most o$ the urists, including Imam Abu Gousu$ and Imam Muhammad are o$ theo!inion that a non0Arabic Khutbah is not acce!table at all# I$ somebody delivers it non0Arabic language it can never be held as aKhutbah o$ "riday, there$ore, it will not $ul$ill the condition o$ ?umuah !rayer and no ?umuah !rayer can be !er$ormed a$ter itunless an Arabic Khutbah is delivered again#

Imam Abu Hani$ah di$$ers $rom them in this as!ect only# He says that admittedly, a non0Arabic Khutbah is Makrooh orim!ermissible, yet the non0Arabic language does not render it as void# There$ore, it can be used $or $ul$illing the condition o$ the

?umuah !rayer# There$ore, the !eo!le who attend such a Khutbah can !artici!ate in the ?umuah !rayer and the obligation o$?umuah will be held as discharged# "rom Mu$ti Ta4i Csmani 2 htt!2DDwww#as0sid4#orgDdarusalamD$riday#html
http://www.as-sidq.org/darusalam/friday.htmlhttp://www.as-sidq.org/darusalam/friday.html

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