Sharing Collections at Sharing Collections at a Local, National or a Local, National or International LevelInternational Level

Fiesole, March 2004Fiesole, March 2004

Alice Keller, Oxford University Alice Keller, Oxford University Library ServicesLibrary Services

SharingSharing

Sharing does not happen naturallySharing does not happen naturally

Sharing at Local Level: Sharing at Local Level: Co-operative Collection Co-operative Collection

Management at Management at UniversitiesUniversities

ProblemsProblems

Libraries are worried Libraries are worried that they get “taken over” – or even get that they get “taken over” – or even get

closedclosed that they lose their autonomythat they lose their autonomy that they can no longer respond to user that they can no longer respond to user

requirementsrequirements that they get drowned in bureaucracythat they get drowned in bureaucracy

Staff and readers do not easily identify Staff and readers do not easily identify with the common purpose and agendawith the common purpose and agenda

Loss of “brand names”Loss of “brand names”

How do we achieve How do we achieve effective co-operation?effective co-operation?

Strong leader with a visionStrong leader with a vision Liaise with open-minded academicsLiaise with open-minded academics Offer incentives for co-operationOffer incentives for co-operation

Staff development programmesStaff development programmes Rewards, opportunities for promotionRewards, opportunities for promotion

Display savingsDisplay savings Make sure the policy is applied Make sure the policy is applied

effectively and efficiently on the effectively and efficiently on the practical levelpractical level

Example of merger at Example of merger at local levellocal level

Atlantic Health System, New JerseyAtlantic Health System, New Jersey

““Merger” of 4 hospital libraries:Merger” of 4 hospital libraries:• Common mission, goals, and shared valuesCommon mission, goals, and shared values• Elimination of some duplication in book and Elimination of some duplication in book and

journal purchasingjournal purchasing• Daily courier serviceDaily courier service• Standardisation of general policies and Standardisation of general policies and

procedures procedures • No elimination of positions or locationsNo elimination of positions or locations• ““Each library has retained its local identity”Each library has retained its local identity”

J Med Libr Assoc J Med Libr Assoc 90(2002)/190(2002)/1

Example of merger at Example of merger at local levellocal level

Which option do you go for?Which option do you go for?

Sharing at a National Sharing at a National Level:Level:

Consortia BuildingConsortia Building

What do consortia offer?What do consortia offer?

Consortium

Strengthens bargaining Strengthens bargaining and purchasing power of and purchasing power of librarieslibraries

Financial advantagesFinancial advantages Sharing administrative Sharing administrative

workloadworkload Extension of library Extension of library

collectioncollection Cross AccessCross Access

Consortium

Consortia - advantagesConsortia - advantages

Consortium

Less money left for Less money left for other materials.other materials.

Reduce flexibility of Reduce flexibility of libraries.libraries.

““Dilute” collection Dilute” collection profiles.profiles.

Consortia - Consortia - disadvantagesdisadvantages

Collection development Collection development in a consortial in a consortial environmentenvironment

Academic libraries of the Academic libraries of the future?future?

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

Academic libraries of the Academic libraries of the future?future?

The Consortium That Ate The Consortium That Ate the Librarythe Library

How do we achieve effective How do we achieve effective co-operation?co-operation?

At a local At a local level …level …

In consortia …In consortia …

Strong leader …Strong leader … International journal International journal publishers, not librariespublishers, not libraries

… … with a visionwith a vision No-one has clear vision No-one has clear vision of futureof future

Incentives for co-Incentives for co-operationoperation

Cross Access (this is Cross Access (this is falling away)falling away)

Display savingsDisplay savings Exact savings not clearExact savings not clear Practical application Practical application

of policyof policy Details of contracts Details of contracts

often not thought often not thought throughthrough

Sharing at an Sharing at an International Level:International Level:

Open Access InitiativeOpen Access Initiative

What is Open Access?What is Open Access?

Open AccessOpen Access We define open access journals as We define open access journals as

journals that use a funding model that journals that use a funding model that does not charge readers or their does not charge readers or their institutions for access. institutions for access.

Sharing in the Sharing in the international scientific international scientific

communitycommunity ““The international, multi-institutional and The international, multi-institutional and

cross-disciplinary project team includes cross-disciplinary project team includes world experts on the modelling of heart world experts on the modelling of heart disease and cancer. The intention is to disease and cancer. The intention is to use computer power to bring together use computer power to bring together knowledge at all the different levels of knowledge at all the different levels of biological understanding in order to biological understanding in order to provide a coherent theory of biology provide a coherent theory of biology which can be applied to the disease …”which can be applied to the disease …”

““e-Science” and “the e-Science” and “the Grid”Grid”

“… “… The Web has given The Web has given us shared access us shared access to information on the Internetto information on the Internet. The new . The new technology for e-Science – a system technology for e-Science – a system called the Grid – will provide called the Grid – will provide sharedshared and and secure accesssecure access to distributed computing to distributed computing resources.”resources.”

Blueprint, University of Oxford, Feb 2004Blueprint, University of Oxford, Feb 2004

ProblemsProblems

Who will pay for Open Access? Who will pay for Open Access? Will the new economic model be sustainable?Will the new economic model be sustainable? How high will author fees be?How high will author fees be?

Who will guarantee long term Who will guarantee long term preservation?preservation?

Lack of standardisationLack of standardisation Quality control?Quality control? What will happen to journal brand What will happen to journal brand

names?names?

How do we achieve effective How do we achieve effective co-operation?co-operation?

At a local At a local level …level …

In Open Access In Open Access ……

Strong leader …Strong leader … Initiative launched by Initiative launched by world-class scientists …world-class scientists …

… … with a visionwith a vision … … who have a very clear who have a very clear visionvision

Incentives for co-Incentives for co-operationoperation

Main incentive: Open Main incentive: Open AccessAccess

Display savingsDisplay savings Financial implications Financial implications not yet fully understoodnot yet fully understood

Practical application Practical application of policyof policy

Many issues still need Many issues still need resolvingresolving

How do we achieve effective How do we achieve effective co-operation?co-operation?

At a local At a local levellevel

In consortiaIn consortia In Open In Open AccessAccess

Strong leader …Strong leader … International journal publishers

Launched by world-class scientists

… … with a visionwith a vision No clear vision Very clear vision Incentives for co-Incentives for co-

operationoperation Cross Access

(falling away) Open Access

Display savingsDisplay savings Exact savings unclear

Financial implications not yet fully understood

Practical Practical application of application of policypolicy

Details of contracts often not thought through

Many issues still need resolving

Open AccessOpen Access

Open Access will succeed, becauseOpen Access will succeed, because it has strong leaders …it has strong leaders … … … with a clear vision,with a clear vision, it has great support from the scientific it has great support from the scientific

community,community, new brand names (identities) are being new brand names (identities) are being

created,created, it offers significant incentives.it offers significant incentives.

The EndThe End