INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT ON General Awareness in steam Turbine Manufacturing

AT BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED,HARIDWAR submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted To: Submitted By:HARENDRA KUMAR SATENDRA KUMARDept of Mechanical Engg: ROLL No:-1303540093 Babu Banarsi Das Institute Of Technology , Ghaziabad

Contents

• Introduction• Products• Steam turbine• HP,IP,LP & Blades• Control valve• Assembly of steam turbine• Cutting method• Conclusion

IntroductionBHEL is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise in India in the energy related infrastructure sector today. BHEL was established more than 40 years ago when its first plant was setup in Bhopal ushering in the indigenous Heavy Electrical Equipment Industry in India a dream which has been more than realized with a well recognized track record of performance it has been earning profits continuously since1971-72.BHEL caters to core sectors of the Indian Economy viz., Power Generation's & Transmission, Industry, Transportation, Telecommunication, Renewable Energy Defence etc. The wide network of BHEL's 14 manufacturing division, four power Heavy Electricals Limited (B.H.E.L.) is the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise in India.

Products

• Thermal power Plants • Nuclear power Plants• Gas based power Plants• Hydro power Plants• Boilers (steam generator)• Boiler Auxiliaries• Hydro generator• Steam turbine• Gas turbine• Hydro turbine Solar Photo voltaics. 

STEAM TURBINE

A steam turbine works on the principle of conversion of High pressure & temperature steam into high Kinetic energy , thereby giving torque to a moving rotor.

Types of steam turbine

1.High pressure turbine (H.P. Turbine)2.Intermediate pressure turbine (I.P. Turbine) 3.Low pressure turbine (L.P. Turbine)

High pressure turbine (H.P. Turbine)

High pressure and temperature fluid at the inlet of the turbine exit as lower pressure and temperature fluid. The difference is energy converted by the turbine to mechanical rotational energy, less any aerodynamic and mechanical in efficiencies incurred in the process. Since the fluid is at a lower pressure at the exit of the turbine than at the inlet, it is common to say the fluid has been “expanded” across the turbine.

HIGH PRESSURE TURBINE

H.P turbine blades

• A turbine blade is the individual component which makes up the turbine section of a gas turbine. The blades are responsible for extracting energy from the high temperature, high pressure gas produced by the combustor

ADVANTAGES OF H.P TURBINE BLADE

• Ability to utilize high pressure and high temperature steam.

• High efficiency.• High rotational speed.• High capacity/weight ratio.• Smooth, nearly vibration-free operation.• No internal lubrication.• Oil free exhausts steam.

Low Pressure Turbine

• LP turbine is designed to be a dual flow turbine. Steam enters the center of the turbine from the crossover pipe and flows across the reaction blading in two opposite directions. This configuration reduces axial thrust on the turbine and allows for a smaller turbine installation. On ships where space is not a concern, a single flow turbine is used.

Low Pressure Turbine

Low Pressure Turbine blade

Titanium alloys offer high strength to intermediate temperatures at a density almost half that of steel and nickel-based superalloys. As a result, they have been adopted widely in the fan and compressor stages of the gas turbine for both disc and blade applications..

• LP blade is larger than HP & IP. 

INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE TURBINE

• Intermediate pressure turbine having more pressure then L.P turbine and lass than the high pressure turbine(H.P) . Its blade is larger than high pressure turbine.

Blade of intermediate pressure turbine

• The size of blades of I.P steam turbine is larger than H.P steam turbine , but smaller than L.P steam turbine.

Control Valves

• Steam inlet valves perform one of two functions, protection or control.

• Steam inlet control valves regulate the flow and/or the pressure of steam through the turbine. Their position, from closed to fully open, is determined by the turbine electronic controlled.

Control Valve

Cutting method

• Plasma cutting:- Inert gas is blown at high speed out of a nozzle; at the same time an electrical arc is formed through that gas from the nozzle to the surface being cut, turning some of that gas to plasma.

• CNC cutting machine:-Based on CNC programs.

• Flame cutting:-A common propane/air flame burns at about 2,000 °C (3,630 °F), a propane/oxygen flame burns at about 2,500 °C (4,530 °F), and an acetylene/oxygen flame burns at about 3,500 °C (6,330 °F).

Conclusion

• Summer Training gives the idea of ‘general awareness in steam turbine manufacturing’, & its process. Its provides practical idea to manufacturing several components of turbine.

THANK you