sistem kardiovaskular jantung fkk 2011 - diah's tought ... · pdf fileaktivitas jantung...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
SISTEM KARDIOVASKULAR : JANTUNG
Dr. Joseph I. Sigit
Farmakologi – Farmasi Klinik
Sekolah Farmasi ITB
1
![Page 2: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
JANTUNG
� Bagian penting sistem kardiovaskular →
berfungsi sebagai pompa
� Peranan penting dalam kehidupan
� Salah satu indikator kehidupan
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Salah satu indikator kehidupan
2
![Page 3: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ANATOMI JANTUNG
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
ANATOMI JANTUNG
3
![Page 4: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
UKURAN DAN LOKASI
Ukuran dan Lokasi• Berat jantung (dewasa) berkisar 250-250 g
• Ukuran kurang lebih→ kepalan tangan orang dewasa
• Letak di rongga mediastinummediastinummediastinummediastinum (thoraks) → 12-14 cm dari tulang rusuk ke dua
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
Letak di rongga mediastinummediastinummediastinummediastinum (thoraks) → 12-14 cm dari tulang rusuk ke dua
• Kurang lebih 2/3 massa jantung terletak di bagian kirirongga dada
• PMI (point of maximal intensity) PMI (point of maximal intensity) PMI (point of maximal intensity) PMI (point of maximal intensity) → bagian jantung yang peka untuk merasakan detak jantung→ antara rusukke 5 dan 6 bagian kiri
4
![Page 5: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
5
![Page 6: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
6
![Page 7: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
BAGIAN-BAGIAN LAPISAN UTAMA
1. Perikardium
2. Miokardium
3. Endokardium
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
7
![Page 8: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
8
![Page 9: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PERIKARDIUM
� Jantung diliputi oleh dinding / lapisan yang
disebut perikardium
� Fungsi jaringan ini :
�Melindungi jantung
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
�Melindungi jantung
�Menjaga bentuk jantung
�Mencegah pemasukan darah yang berlebih pada
jantung
9
![Page 10: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
� Perikardium
� Perikardium fibrosa
� Perikardium serosa
� Lapisan perikardium :
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Lapisan perikardium :
� Lapisan parietal
� Lapisan viseral → epikardium
�Di antaranya perikardial cavity
10
![Page 11: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
MIOKARDIUM
� Lapisan tengah (utama) dari jantung
miokardium
�Miokardium tersusun atas jaringan otot jantung
� Fungsi utama adalah dalam kontraksi jantung
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Fungsi utama adalah dalam kontraksi jantung
� Di bagian ventrikel lebih tebal dibanding atrium
11
![Page 12: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ENDOKARDIUM
� Lapisan bagian dalam jantung
� Letaknya di lapisan bagian dalam jantung
�Melindungi rongga jantung dan katup-katup.
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
12
![Page 13: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
BAGIAN-BAGIAN UTAMA JANTUNG
1. Atrium (kiri dan kanan)
2. Ventrikel (kiri dan kanan)
3. Katup-katup
Aorta
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
4. Aorta
5. Venacava
6. Vena pulmonalis
7. Arteri pulmonalis
13
![Page 14: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
14
![Page 15: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
15
![Page 16: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
KATUP-KATUP JANTUNG
1. Katup atrioventrikular → antara atrium dan
ventrikel
1. Katup trikuspidalis (kanan)
2. Katup mitral (kiri)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
2. Katup mitral (kiri)
2. Katup semilunar → dari jantung ke seluruh
tubuh dan paru-paru
1. Katup pulmonari
2. Katup aorta
16
![Page 17: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
17
![Page 18: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
18
![Page 19: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
19
![Page 20: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
20
![Page 21: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
PEREDARAN DARAH JANTUNG
Terdapat dua buah sistem :
1. Peredaran darah Pulmonari
� Disebut juga peredaran darah kecil
� Jantung→ arteri pulmonalis→ paru-paru→ vena
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Jantung→ arteri pulmonalis→ paru-paru→ vena pulmonalis jantung
2. Peredaran darah Sistemik
� Disebut perdaran darah besar
� Jantung→ aorta → seluruh bagian tubuh lewatpembuluh darah→ venacava→ jantung
21
![Page 22: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
22
![Page 23: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
OTOT JANTUNG
• Secara anatomi mirip dengan otot rangka (ototlurik)
• Secara fisiologis bekerja seperti halnya ototpolos
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
polos
• Otot jantung kaya akan mitokondria→ sejumlah 25-35% sel jantung. (bandingkanhanya 2% untuk otot rangka)
• Konsekuensi→ resisten terhadap kelelahan
• Dalam fungsinya→ keterlibatan ion Ca2+
23
![Page 24: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
24
![Page 25: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
PATOLOGI OTOT JANTUNG
� Perikarditis
� Endokarditis
� Septum Defect (kelainan katup jantung)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
25
![Page 26: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
FISIOLOGI JANTUNG
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
FISIOLOGI JANTUNG
26
![Page 27: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PERAN ARUS LISTRIK DAN ION-ION
� Kemampuan jantung melakukan depolarisasi
dan berkontraksi → intrinsik
� Proses kontraksi dipengaruhi 3 ion utama :
Na+, Ca2+ dan K+ ion
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
Na+, Ca2+ dan K+ ion
� Aktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem
konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac intrinsic cardiac intrinsic cardiac intrinsic cardiac
conduction systemconduction systemconduction systemconduction system
� Sistem syaraf otonom berpengaruh pada
perubahan ritme kontraksi
27
![Page 28: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
28
![Page 29: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
SISTEM KONDUKSI INTRINSIK
� Sistem konduksi jantung intrinsik dilakukan
berawal dengan adanya pacemakepacemakepacemakepacemaker selanjutnya
konduksi melalui sel otot terjadi secara
otomatisotomatisotomatisotomatis dan beriramaberiramaberiramaberirama (ritmik)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
otomatisotomatisotomatisotomatis dan beriramaberiramaberiramaberirama (ritmik)
� Urutan konduksi otot jantung :
1. Nodus Sinoatrial
2. Nodus Atrioventrikular
3. Berkas Atrioventrikular / Berkas His
4. Berkas Percabangan kiri dan kanan
5. Serabut Purkinje 29
![Page 30: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
30
![Page 31: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
31
![Page 32: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
MODIFIKASI RITME DASAR JANTUNG
�Modifikasi ritme dasar jantung dilakukan oleh
→ sistem syaraf otonom
� Ada dua pusat modifikasi :
�Kardioakselerator → simpatik
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
�Kardioakselerator → simpatik
�Kardioinhibitor → parasimpatik
32
![Page 33: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
33
![Page 34: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
REKAM JANTUNG
� Untuk melihat kerja jantung →
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
� Berbasis pada konduksi elektrik pada jantung
� Rekaman yang terjadi → gelombang PQRST
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Rekaman yang terjadi → gelombang PQRST
� Gelombang PQRST → menunjukkan konduksi
elektrik otot jantung
� Kelainan bentuk gelombang PQRST → kelainan
jantung
34
![Page 35: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
� Rekam jantung / ECG karena pengaruh ion :
�Na+ : inisiasi depolarisasi / potensial aksi
� Ca2+ : kontraksi
�K+ : repolarisasi dan maintenance basic potensial
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
�K+ : repolarisasi dan maintenance basic potensial
35
![Page 36: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
36
![Page 37: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
37
![Page 38: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
38
![Page 39: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
39
![Page 40: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
40
![Page 41: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
BUNYI JANTUNG
� Bunyi jantung terjadi (terdengar) akibat adanya
penutupan katup-katup
� Ritme dasar dari bunyi jantung :
Lup – Dup – Pause → Lup – Dup - Pause
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
Lup – Dup – Pause → Lup – Dup - Pause
� Bunyi pertama → penutupan katup AV
� Bunyi kedua → penutupan katup SL
41
![Page 42: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
42
![Page 43: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
MEKANISME : SIKLUS JANTUNG
� Ada 2 terminologi penting → SistoleSistoleSistoleSistole dan
DiastoleDiastoleDiastoleDiastole mengambarkan periode kontraksikontraksikontraksikontraksi dan
relaksasirelaksasirelaksasirelaksasi jantung
� Siklus jantung terdiri dari 3 tahap :
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Siklus jantung terdiri dari 3 tahap :
1. Pengisian Ventrikel → mid to late diastole
2. Ventrikular Sistole → atria diatole
3. Relaksasi isovolumetrik → awal diastole
43
![Page 44: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
44
![Page 45: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
CARDIAC OUTPUT
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
45
![Page 46: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
CARDIAC OUTPUT (CO)
� Cardiac Output (CO) → Curah Jantung :
maknanya jumlah darah yang dipompa keluar
dari jantung tiap menit
� Normal sekitar 5 L/min
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Normal sekitar 5 L/min
�Merupakan fungsi dari Heart Rate (HR) dan
Stroke Volume (SV)
CO = HR x SV46
![Page 47: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
47
![Page 48: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
HEART RATE (HR)
� HR adalah jumlah detak tiap menit
� HR dipengaruhi oleh syaraf otonom dan faktor
lokal
� Untuk HR :
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Untuk HR :
� Simpatik sebagai kardioakselerator
� Parasimpatik sebagai kardioinhibitor
48
![Page 49: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
STROKE VOLUME (SV)
� Ditentukan oleh 3 faktor :
� Preload (prabeban) / EDV
� Afterload (pascabeban) / ESV
�Kontraktilitas
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
�Kontraktilitas
� Preload : memberikan sejumlah volume darah
pada ventrikel yang bisa dipompakan
� Afterload : tekanan arteri terhadap kontraksi
otot jantung
49
![Page 50: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
PRELOAD
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
50
![Page 51: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
AFTERLOAD
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
51
![Page 52: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
SV = EDV - ESV
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
SV = EDV - ESV
52
![Page 53: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
STROKE VOLUMESTROKE VOLUMESTROKE VOLUMESTROKE VOLUME
� SV = end diastolic volume (EDV) - end systolic volume (ESV)
� EDV = amount of blood collected in a
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� EDV = amount of blood collected in a ventricle during diastole
� ESV = amount of blood remaining in a ventricle after contraction
53
![Page 54: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
REGULASI FREKUENSI DETAK JANTUNG
� Sistem Syaraf Otonom
� Simpatik
� Parasimpatik
� Sistem Hormonal
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Sistem Hormonal
� Epinefrin
� Tiroksin
� Ion → Ca, Na dan K
54
![Page 55: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
55
![Page 56: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
CARDIAC RESERVECARDIAC RESERVECARDIAC RESERVECARDIAC RESERVE
� Cardiac reserve is the difference between resting and maximal CO
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Cardiac Output: ExampleCO (ml/min) = HR (75 beats/min) x SV (70 ml/beat)
� CO = 5250 ml/min (5.25 L/min)
56
![Page 57: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
57
![Page 58: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
PATOFISIOLOGI JANTUNG
� Aritmia
� Takhikardia dan Bradikardia
� Jantung Koroner
Infark miokardial
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of
Pharmacy ITB
� Infark miokardial
� Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) → gagal
jantung
� Kardiomiopati
58
![Page 59: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
59
![Page 60: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
60
![Page 61: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
HEART AUSCULTATION
Aortic Stenosis
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
Normal Heart Beat
Mid Systolic Click
Diastolic Murmur
61
![Page 62: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
62
![Page 63: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
63
![Page 64: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
64
![Page 65: Sistem Kardiovaskular Jantung FKK 2011 - diah's tought ... · PDF fileAktivitas jantung → memproduksi sistem konduksi secara internal → intrinsic cardiac conduction system Sistem](https://reader038.vdocuments.pub/reader038/viewer/2022102610/5a6fce277f8b9ab1538b64f1/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Copyright JI SIGIT - School of Pharmacy ITB
65