skills m03e execution en1090 dobar

SKILLS Project

Prevod: Adnan Karahmetovi dipl. ing ma.

FABRIKACIJA I IZRADA EN1090

NAPOMENA: Ovaj modul za uenje namjenjen jeda se koristi zajedno uz standard EN1090 .

EN1090, standard za fabrikiaciju i izradu elinih konstrukcija.

Klase izrade - Execution Classes (EXC). Kako izabrati pravilnu EXC?.

CE oznaavanje za eline konstrukcije.

Ukljuenost dizajnera u zahtjevima za fabriikaciju i izradu.

Tehniki zahtjevi za fabrikaciju i izradu.

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LEARNING OUTCOMES

Uvod. Regulatorni okvir.

Klase izrade (EXC)

CE Oznaavanje (EN 1090-1)

Fabrikacija i izrada (EN 1090-2)

Zakljuak

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SADRAJ

UVOD. REGULATORNI OKVIR

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Direktiva za graevinske proizvode (DGP)- The Construction

Products Directive (CPD)(Council directive 89/106/EEC)

Obvaezna odredba u europskoj uniji za "bilo koji proizvodkoji je proizveden za standardnu ugradnju prilikomizvoenja graevinskih radova, ukljuujui objektevisokogradnje i niskogradnje"

Ciljevi:

Osigurati nesmetan protok svih graevinskih proizvodaunutar EU.

Ukloniti tehnike barijere za slobodnu trgovinu.

Osigurati isti standard kvaliteta za sve zemlje EU.

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DGP osnovni

zahtjevi:

Usklaenost sa esencijalnim zahtjevima:

Harmonizirani (usklaeni) europski standardi (tehniki iproizvodne zahtjevi za svaki graevinski proizvod).

Svaki usklaeni standar pokriva poseban proizvod.

Potpuna lista usklaenih standarda te njihov status (provoenje, stepen odobrenosti, itd..) dostupna je na webstranici Evropskog komiteta za standardizaciju - CEN,

,European Committee for Standardization:ftp://ftp.cen.eu/CEN/Sectors/List/Construction/Snapshot.pdf

1. Mehanika otpornost i stabilnost.2. Sigurnost u sluaju poara.3. Higijena, zdravlje i okoli.4. Sigurnost prilikom upotrebe.5. Zatita od buke.6. Energetska i toplotna ekonominost

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Postoje i drugi naini da bi se ispunili osnovni zahtjevi npr. ETA certifikati za proizvode (ETA certificates for products).

Europska direktiva za graevinske proizvode (CPD) bit ezamijenjena od strane Europske norme za graevinskeproizvode (NGP)(The European Regulation for ConstructionProducts - CPR).

CPR e imati jau zakonsku osnovu nego CPD i bit e "pravosnana" za sve zemlje EU .

Europska komisija (European Commission) odobrila je CPR .lanovi norme 1, 2 ,29 35, 39 55, 64, 67, 68 i Aneks IVstupili su na snagu odmah. lanovi 3 28, 36 38, 56 63, 65,66 i aneksi I, II, III i V stupili su na snagu 01.07. 2013.

Stoga, CPD je bio validan do tog datuma.

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DizajnFabrikacija

i izrada

EN 1090-1: Regulatorni okvir za eline konstrukcije Regulie oznaavanje eline konstrukcijeCE

znakom. Ne sadri pravila za nain dizajniranja

(Eurocodes) ili izrade (EN 1090-2 ili EN1090-3).

EN 1090-2: Tehniki zahtjevi za eline konstrukcije Prema ovim zahtjevima fabrikacija i izrada

moraju osigurati odreeni nivo otpornosti i mehanike izdrljivosti prilikom koritenja odreene konstrukcije.

EN 1090-3: Tehniki zahtjevi za aluminijske konstrukcije

Regulatorni okvir zaeline konstrukcije

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IUVOD. REGULATORNI OKVIR

EN 1090. Kalendar

EN 1090 izdan je u O J 1 7-12-2010, od kada se moe i koristiti.

Kraj koenzistencije sa nacionalnim normama (DOW) je 01-09-2014.

Od datuma DOW, EN 1090 bit e pravosnaan.

Osnovni standardi za graevinske proizvode

Potpuna lista -> EN 1090-1 2 + EN 1090-2 2

STANDARD PROIZVOD DOWEN 10025-1 Toplo valjani proizvodi od konstrukcionih elika 31/08/2006EN 10219-1

EN 10210-1

EN 14399-1 Prednapregnuti visoko-otporni vijani sklopovi 30/09/2007EN 15048-1 Ne napregnuti vijani sklopovi 31/10/2009EN 10088-5 Nehrajui elik 31/12/2010

Hladno oblikovani zavareni profili ija je struktura uplja 31/10/2006

IZVRNE KLASE (EXECUTION CLASSES - EXC)

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"Izvrne klase" su jedan od najvanijih novih koncepata koji su predstavljeni u standardu EN 1090.

Preuzete su iz Eurokoda (Eurocode) 0 (EN 1990) i bit e prebaene u aneks Eurocoda 3 (EN1993).

To su klasifikacije konstrukcija prema:

The consequences of a hypothetical collapse (lifeor economic losses).

The risks associated with the use of the structure (staticactions, fatigue, earthquake ...)

Risks associated with the execution (grades of steel, weldedor bolted joints, ...)

IZVRNE KLASE (EXC)

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The choice of the EXC is a decision of the designer of thestructure.

Many requirements of EN 1090 are determined according tothe EXC, either in execution or in quality control. Table EN1990-2 A3 exhaustively listed the requirements for eachEXC.

4 execution classes are established:

EXC1 (the less strict) -> EXC4 (the most strict).

The EXC suppose a rationalization of the design and theexecution. The cost of the structure increases with its EXC.

The EXC can be applied to the whole structure or to singleparts or specific details . A structure may include several EXC.

EXECUTION CLASSES (EXC)

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How to choose the EXC:

1. Choose the Consequence Class (CC1, CC2 or CC3).

The CC are indicated in Eurocode 0 (EN 1990Annex B). The National Annexes may give additionalinstructions.


EN 1990 Annex B

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2. Choose the Service Category (SC1 or SC2).


EN 1090-2 B.2.2.2

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3. Choose the Production Category (PC1 or PC2).


EN 1090-2 B.2.2.3

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4. Choose the Execution Class (EXC1, EXC2, EXC3 o EXC4).


EN 1090-2 B.3

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Practical examples of choosing the EXC:

1. Building for offices: Steel grade S275, welded in factory and bolted on construction site. Not seismic zone.

Consequence Class : CC2

Service Category: SC1

Production Category: PC1

EXECUTION CLASS: EXC2


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2. Building for offices: Steel grade S355, welded on construction site. Not seismic zone.





3. The same as above but in seismic zone, design in DCM or DHC.

It only changes the Service Category: SC2



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4. Structure for a stadium: Steel grade S355, welded in factory and bolted on construction site. Not seismic zone.


Service Category: SC1 (if one considers that the structure can be subjected to vibration, SC2 )


EXECUTION CLASS: EXC3 (if one considers that the structure can be subjected to vibration, EXC4)


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5. Agricultural warehouse: Steel grade S275, welded in factory and bolted on construction site (but columns joints welded on construction site). Not seismic zone.

Consequence Class: CC1


Production Category: PC1 (but columns: PC2)

EXECUTION CLASS: EXC1 (but columns: EX2)


CE MARKING (EN 1090-1)

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The CE marking is a legal declaration of the fabricator of the structure that their product fully complies with EN 1090-1 and therefore meets the Construction Products Directive (CPD).

Basic requirements:

Initial Type Testing (ITT) or Initial Type Calculation (ITC).

Factory Production Control (FPC), including the Welding Quality Management System (WQMS).

The role of the Responsible Welding Coordinator (RWC).

Regular surveillance audits in factory and certification of the manufacturer, by a Notified Body (NB).


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Scope of EN 1090


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Initial Type Testing (ITT) or Initial Type Calculation (ITC).

Their objective is to obtain the performance of each product manufactured.

Since most of times the steels structures are fabricated as made-to-measure, EN 1090-1 accepts the ITC as a method of conformity assessment.

The ITC developed for the design of the structure will have to be based on the Eurocodes (EN 1990, EN 1991, EN 1993, EN 1994, EN 1998)


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ITT & ITC:

Sampling, evaluation and conformity criteria.

CE MARKING

EN 1090-1 6.2 Table 1

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Factory Production Control (FPC).

EN 1090-1 defines the factory production controls required to ensure that the structural steel components meet the minimum technical requirements, as defined in EN 1090-2.

The aim of the FPC is to ensure that the fabricator can consistently produce their structural components without changes to their characteristics.

The FPC of the standard EN 1090-1 is similar to the Quality Control of the standard EN ISO 9001 .

The FPC should include the Welding Quality Management System (WQMS).


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Factory Production Control (FPC).

FPC basis:

To perform regular maintenance and calibration of equipment and tools.

To develop regular checkups to ensure conformity of the manufactured products.

To develop systematic management of non-conforming products.

Suitability of staff qualifications and work procedures.

In general, if the production is done in agreement with EN 1090-2, most of the EN 1090-1 requirements are fulfilled.


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FPC: Frequency of product testing as part of factory production control

CE MARKING

EN 1090-1 6.3 Table 2

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Welding Quality Management System (WQMS).

WQMS basis:

To consider the process of welding as a special process, therefore controlling it constantly and with a follow-up of the whole process.

To develope and to control the internal procedures for the execution of weldings.

To control and to document that the staff that executes the weldings holds a relevant and suitable qualification.


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The quality requirements must conform to EN ISO 3834, depending on Execution Classes (EXC):

EXC1: EN ISO 3834-4 Elementary

EXC2: EN ISO 3834-3 Standard

EXC3: EN ISO 3834-2 Comprehensive

EXC4: EN ISO 3834-2 Comprehensive


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The manufacturer must draw up their own welding procedure specifications (WPS) (EN ISO 15609, EN ISO 14555, EN ISO 15620).

WPS must be qualified by a welding procedure qualification method (WQPR), according to the Execution Class (EXC).

Welders must be approved according to each WPS and each welding position.


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Development and use of a WPS


EN 1090-2 Annex L

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Development and use of a WPS


EN 1090-2 Annex L

Example:

WPQR Example: Welder Qualification.

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Responsible Welding Coordinator (RWC).

The manufacturer must identify a RWC, which will be responsible for the quality of the welds .

RWC tasks: Review of contractual/technical welding requirements;

Ensuring welding personnel are appropriately qualified;

Suitability of welding and associated equipment;

Writing welding procedure specifications (WPSs);

Development/qualification of welding procedures;

Production planning;

Storage and handling parent materials and control of welding consumables;

Inspection and testing before, during and after welding.


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Responsible Welding Coordinator (RWC).

Technical knowledge of the RWC (EN ISO 14731):


EN 1090-2 7.4.3

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The Notified Bodies (NB).

The NB should validate, control and certify the properimplementation of Factory Production Control (FPC),including the Welding Quality Management System(WQMS).

Tasks:

Initial inspection at the factory and review ofthe PFC and WQMS, its procedures and successfulimplementation.

Issue the corresponding certificate, which will have a shelf life of 1or 2 years.

Carry out regular controls

and monitoring, with intervals

depending on the EXC.


EN 1090-1 B.4.2

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Relevant clauses of EN 1090-2 to CE marking.

Documentation: EN 1090-2 4 and Annex A

Constituent products: EN 1090-2 5, 12.1 and 12.2

Geometrical tolerances: EN 1090-2 11 and Annex D

Welding and manufacturing procedures: EN 1090-2 6, 7 and 12.4

Surface treatment and durability: EN 1090-2 10, 12.6 and Annex F


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Procesni put do CE ooznake


FABRIKACIJA I IZRADA (EN 1090-2)

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Specifikacija izrade (EN 1090-2 4.1)

EN 1090 zahtijeva visok stepen ukljuenosti samogaprojektanta u aspekte proizvodnje, izrade i kontrole kvaliteta.

Specifikacija izrade:

Izvrne klase (EXC). EN 1090-2 4.1.2 Priprema elika. EN 1090-2 4.1.3 Geometrijske tolerancije. EN 1090-2 4.1.4 Sigurnost pri montai. EN 1090-2 4.2.3 and 9.2 Dodatne informacije. EN 1090-2 A.1 Opcije. EN 1090-2 A.2

FABRIKACIJA I IZRADA(EN 1090-2)

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Specifikacija izrade (EN 1090-2 4.1)

Dobra poetna taka za poetak rada na Specifikacijiizrade je prirunik "Model Construction Specification " kojije dio evropskog projekta Sechalo.

Viespratnice. Dio 7: Model construction Specification

Jednospratnice. Dio 10: Model construction Specification

http://www.arcelormittal.com/sections/index.php?id=167


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Konstruktorska dokumentacija (EN 1090-2 4.2)

Zapisi kvaliteta (moraju biti dokumentovani za klase EXC2,EXC3, EXC4) : Organigrafi, osoblje, zahtjevi ...

Procesne i radne instrukcije, metode rada.

Plan pregleda datog rada, ukljuujui take pregleda (hold points).

Postupci za rukovanje neusklaenostima i promjenama.

Plan kvaliteta: Raspodjela zadataka i ovlasti.

Dokumentacija kvaliteta.

Zapisi inspekcija i provjera.

EN 1090-2 Annex C -> Check-list u kojo je sadranplan kvaliteta.


EN 1090-2 4.2.1

EN 1090-2 4.2.2

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Constituent products (EN 1090-2 5)

EN 1090-2 indicates the Product Standards for almost allof the most common construction products related tosteel structures fabrication.

Traceability: For EXC3 and EXC4, constituent productsshall be traceable at all stages from receipt to hand overafter incorporation in the works..

For EXC2, EXC3 and EXC4, if differing grades or qualities ofconstituent products are in circulation together, each itemshall be designated with a mark that identifies its grade.


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Preparation and assembly (cutting, shaping, holing andassembly) (EN 1090-2 6)

Cutting:

Methods: sawing, shearing, disc cutting, water jettechniques and thermal cutting.

In general, the capability of cutting processes shall beperiodically checked -> (EN 1090-2 Table 9)

Hardness of free edge surfaces (thermal cutting, shearing,punching):


(EN 1090-2 Table 10)


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Thermal cutting

Sawing

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Shaping:

Hot forming: Shall conform to the requirements of therelevant product standard.

Flame straightening Maximum steel temperature and procedure of cooling must be

controlled.

For EXC3 and EXC4 a suitable procedure shall be developed(maximum temperatures, methods, testing, identification ofworkers, etc..)

Cold forming: Shall conform to the requirements of the relevant product

standard.

Reduction of ductility must be controlled.

EN 1090-2 specifies the appropriate geometric parameters(bending radii, overall ratio, etc ...)



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Hladno oblikovanje - presa

Hladno oblikovanje - rolanje

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Holing:

Dimensions of holes:


(EN 1090-2 Table 11)

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Holing:

Execution of holing: Methods: drilling, punching, laser,

plasma or other thermal cutting.

In general, the capability of holingprocesses shall be periodically checked.

Punching: The nominal thickness of thecomponent shall be smaller than thenominal diameter of the hole.

For EXC3 and EXC4 and t 3 mm,punching without reaming is notpermitted. The holes shall be punchedat least 2 mm undersize in diameter.

For sheets and plates where t 3 mm,holes may be formed by full sizepunching.


Permitted distortions

(EN 1090-2 6.6.3)

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Buenje

Gotove rupe

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Usijecanje

Preduboko usijecanjeunutranjih okova nijedozvoljeno.

Minimalni radius:

EXC2 i EXC3: r > 5 mm.

EXC4: r > 10 mm.


Assembly:

Assembly of components shall be carried out so as to fulfil thespecified tolerances.

Precautions shall be taken so as to prevent galvanic corrosion.

The fit between components shall be checked usingdimensional templates, three-dimensional measurements orby trial assembly.


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Assembly

Good cut out

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Welding (EN 1090-2 7)

A welding plan shall be provided as part of the productionplanning, that shall include:


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Welding plan (cont.):



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Preparation before welding


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Execution of welding


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Lamellar tearing

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Preparation and execution of welding

Recommended standards: EN ISO 9692-1 and EN ISO 9692-2

Joint preparation shall be free from visible cracks, dry andwithout primers.

Prefabrication primers (shop primers) may be left on thefusion faces only for EXC1 and ECX2..

Hollow sections: EN 1090-2 Annex E - > Guide for theexecution of Welded joints in hollow sections.


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Preparation and execution of welding

Temporary attachments: Must be executed according to the WPS.

EXC3 and EXC4: The use of temporary attachments should bespecified.

Tack welds: EXC2, EXC3 and EXC4: Tack welds shall be made using a qualified

welding procedure.

Minimum length: Shall be the lesser of four times the thickness ofthe thicker part or 50 mm.

If tack welding is going to be incorporated in the final weld, it mustbe free from defects and executed by qualified welders.


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Fillet welds:

Main criteria: Correct throat thickness, correct length andabsence of surface defects.

Butt welds:

Main criteria: To ensure the full penetration and suitabilityof the root of the weld.

Single sided welds: Can be executed with or without abacking material. If backing material is used, it must bespecified in the WPS

Other types of welds described in EN 1090-2:

Stud welding.

Slot and plug welds.

Spot welds.

FABRICATION AND EXECUTION (EN 1090-2)

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Acceptance criteria:

Defined in EN ISO 5817, depending on the Execution Class. EXC1: quality level D

EXC2: quality level C

EXC3: quality level B

EXC4: quality level B and the requirements in EN 1090-2 Table 17

The acceptability of imperfections can be evaluated using also the following standards: EN 1993-1-1, EN 1993-1-9 and EN 1993-2.


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Example of acceptance criteria: standard EN ISO 5817 5.


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Mechanical fastening (EN 1090-2 8)

Bolts and nuts shall not be welded.

The nominal fastener diameter used for structural bolting shall be at least M12.

Minimum lengths: Non-preloaded bolts: At least one full thread shall remain clear.

Preloaded bolts: At least four full threads shall remain clear.

Nuts shall run freely on their partnering bolt. Otherwise, nut and bolt shall be discarded.

Washers: Non-preloaded bolts: In general, washers are not required.

Preloaded bolts: Grade 8.8 -> One washer under the element to be rotated.

Grade 10.9 -> Two washers (one under each element).



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FABRICACIN Y EJECUCIN (EN 1090-2)

Bolted joints

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Difference of thickness

If steel packing plates are used, their thickness shall not be less than 2 mm.


D < 2 mm in general.

D < 1 mm for preloaded joints.


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English and French version of the preloaded bolts.

The related European standard is EN 14399-3.

The threaded area is long and wide nuts are used.

Preloaded bolts HR system

HR bolts are less sensitive to the excesses of preloaded, compared with HV bolts. In addition, if applied load exceeds the required prestressing load, the bolt breaks, so the fault is very clear.


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German version of the preloaded bolts.

The related European standard is EN 14399-4.

The threaded area is short and narrow nuts are used.

Preloaded bolts HV system

HV bolts are more sensitive to the excesses of preloaded, compared with HR bolts. In addition, if applied load exceeds the required prestressing load, the threaded are plastifies, so the fault is hard to detect.

In Spain, HV system is used more than HR system.

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Tightening of bolts:

The tightening process shall be carried out starting from the most rigid part of the connection and moving progressively towards the least rigid part.

Preparation of contact surfaces in slip resistant connections.


(EN 1090-2 Table 18)

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Tightening of preloaded bolts.

Nominal minimum preloading force: Fp,C = 0.7 fub As

fub: nominal ultimate strength of the bolt material

As: stress area of the bolt


(EN 1090-2 Table 19)

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Tightening of preloaded bolts.

Tightening methods:


(EN 1090-2 Table 20)

EN 1090-2 8.5.3

EN 1090-2 8.5.4

EN 1090-2 8.5.5

EN 1090-2 8.5.6

The k-class indicates the "as-delivered calibration condition.


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Hard to reach preloaded joint.

Torque wrench


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DTI washers (direct tension indicator):

Simplifies the preloaded

joints execution and QC inspections.

Their cost is high.

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Other types of mechanical fastening described in EN 1090-2:

Hot riveting. EN 1090-2 8.7

Fastening of thin gauge components:

Self-tapping and self-drilling screws. EN 1090-2 8.8.2

Blind rivets. EN 1090-2 8.8.3


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Erection at site (EN 1090-2 9)

Erection shall not commence until the site for the construction works complies with the technical requirements with respect to the safety of the works, indicated in EN 1090-2 9.2.

Erection method (EN 1090-2 9.3.1 and 9.3.2).

Designer: A basic method of erection must be drafted, according to the Project, to ensure structural stability during the execution.

Constructor + Designer: A Construction Procedure should be drafted, describing the method of erection of the constructor, which should be checked in accordance with the design rules


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Supports, anchors and bearings: The condition and location of the supports shall be checked using

appropriate visual and measurement means before the commencement of erection.

The location and levels of the supports, anchors or bearings shall comply with the acceptance criteria described in EN 1090 11.2.

Any non-conformity shall be documented.


Grouting and sealing: Main criteria: The free space under

the base plate must be completely filled (right consistency, proper disposal, vent holes, ...)

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Erection drawings:

Erection drawings shall be provided and form a part of the erection method statement.

Drawings shall show details and arrangements of any temporary works necessary to ensure the stability or the safety of personnel.

Drawings shall state the weight of all components or assemblies over 5 tonnes and the centre of gravity of all large irregular pieces.

Marking:

Components that are individually assembled or erected at the site shall be allocated an erection mark (with their orientation if this is not clear).



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Steelwork damaged during off-loading, transportation, storage or erection shall be restored to conformity:

EXC2, EXC3, EXC4: The procedure for restoration shall be defined before undertaking the repair and documented.

For buildings, at least one third of the permanent bolts in each connection should be installed before that connection can be considered to contribute to stability of the part completed structure.

Fit-up and alignment

Each part of the structure shall be aligned as soon as practicable after it has been erected.

Permanent connections shall not be made between components until sufficient of the structure has been aligned, levelled and plumbed.


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Surface treatment (EN 1090-2 10 and Annex F)

EN 1090-2 does not indicate the detailed technical requirements, which should be consulted in: Paints and varnishes: EN ISO 12944 and EN 1090 Annex F

Metal coating by thermal spraying : EN 14616, EN 15311 and EN 1090 Annex F

Metal coating by galvanizing: EN ISO 1461, EN ISO 14713 and EN 1090 Annex F

Performance Specification (designer): Expected life of the corrosion protection (maintenance

programme): EN ISO 12944-1

Corrosivity category: EN ISO 12944-2


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Expected life of the corrosion protection (EN ISO 12944-1 4.4)

Indicates the time between repairs of the paint system.


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Corrosivity categories (EN ISO 12944-2 5 )


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Tables for paint specifications (EN ISO 12944-5 )

EN ISO 12944-5 indicates different possible combinations of paints to ensure the durability of the protection under each category of corrosivity.

These tables are very useful when designing a paint system for a steel structure corrosivity protection .


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Exemple for corrosivity category C3 (EN ISO 12944-5 )


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Exemple for corrosivity category C3 (EN ISO 12944-5 )


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Preparation of steel substrates:

All surfaces to which paints are to be applied shall be prepared to meet the criteria of EN ISO 8501. The preparation grade shall be specified in the project (example: SA 2 )


(EN 1090-2 Table 22)

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Geometrical tolerances (EN 1090-2 11 and Annex D)

Essential tolerances: Needed for the mechanical resistance and stability of the completed structure. (EN 1090-2 Annex D.1).

Functional tolerances: to fulfil other criteria such as fit-up and appearance (EN 1090-2 Annex D.2).

It is recommended that the designer specifies the class of the functional tolerances (Class 1 or Class 2).


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Inspection, testing and correction(EN 1090-2 12)

All inspection and testing shall be undertaken to a predetermined plan with documented procedures.

All inspection, testing and associated corrections shall be documented.

Constituent products: All documents supplied with constituent products shall be checked.

Traceability must be checked.

Geometrical dimensions of manufactured components: The geometry of the components should be always checked.

The location and frequency of measurements must be specified in the inspection plan.


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Welding inspection

Visual inspection: All welds shall be visually inspected throughout their entire length.

Non destructive testing (NDT): Penetrant testing (PT): EN 571-1.

Magnetic particle inspection (MT): EN 1290.

Ultrasonic testing (UT): EN 1714 and EN 1713.

Radiographic testing (RT): EN 1435.

All tests must be performed by Inspectors NDT Level 2 (EN 473).



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Fillet welds: Visual inspection (VI), Dimensional Control (DC), Penetrating Liquids

(LT) y Magnetic particle inspection (MT).

DC MT

Lt


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Butt welds: Visual inspection (VI), Dimensional Control (DC) of the pre-asembly,

Ultrasonic testing (UT), Radiographic testing (RT).

DC

UT

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Scope of

inspection

(NTD)


(EN 1090-2 Table 24)

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NDT for the start of the production:

For the first 5 joints made for a new WPS, a more stringent inspection is needed: The quality level B is required.

The % to be tested shall be double of the values in Table 24 (min. 5%, max. 100 %).

The minimum length to be inspected is 900 mm.

Correction of welds:

EXC2, EXC3 and EXC4: Repairs by welding shall be carried out in accordance with qualified welding procedures and checked.


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Minimum hold times for NTDs:


(EN 1090-2 Table 23)

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Inspection of mechanical fastening

All connections with mechanical fasteners shall be visually checked before and after the assembly.

If the connections incorporate friction surfaces the surfaces shall be visually checked immediately before assembly.

Inspection of preloaded bolted connections

The type of inspection depends on the tightening method:

Torque method: EN 1090-2 12.5.2.4

Combined method: EN 1090-2 12.5.2.5

HRC method: EN 1090-2 12.5.2.6

Direct tension indicator method: EN 1090-2 12.5.2.7


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Number of bolt assemblies inspected overall in a structure:

EXC2: 5 % for the second step of the torque or the combined method and for the DTI method.

EXC3, EXC4: 5 % for the first step and 10% for the second step of the combined method.

10 % for the second step of the torque method and for the DTI method.

The inspection shall be carried out using a sequential sampling plan according to EN 1090-2 Annex M



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Torque method control with torque wrench

Preloading control with DTI

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Inspection of the corrosion protection EN 1090-2 Annex F

Proper preparation of steel surfaces which are to receive corrosion protection treatment must be verified.

Thickness measurement: Layer of the paint coating: EN ISO 19840 and EN ISO 2808

Metal coating: EN ISO 2063

Galvanizing: EN ISO 1461

Paint systems: Adherence tests shall be performed if the project indicates it.



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Thickness measurement Inspection of the preparation of the steel surface

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Inspection of erection

The condition of the erected structure shall be inspected for any indication that components have been distorted or overstressed, and to ensure that any temporary attachments have been removed.

Geometrical position of connection nodes: A survey of the completed structure shall be made.

EXC3 and EXC4: The survey shall be documented.


CONCLUSION

The new European standard for fabrication and execution, EN 1090, will be mandatory from 2014.

EN 1090-1: Regulates the CE marking in steel structures.

EN 1090-2: Comprehensively explains the minimum technical requirements for the fabrication and execution of steel structures.

The choice of the Execution Class determines the cost of the structure (affects fabrication methods, level of inspections, etc.).

EN 1090 requires greater designer's involvement in the requirements for fabrication, execution and quality control.

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CONCLUSION

REFERENCES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

EN 1090: Execution of steel and aluminium structures

Part 1: Requirements for conformity assessment of structural components.

Part 2: Technical requirements for the execution of steel structures.

EN 1990 Eurocode 0: Basis of structural design.

EN ISO 5817: Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys. Quality levels for imperfections.

EN ISO 12944: Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems.

ECCS TC 9. Guide to the CE Marking of Structural Steelwork. 1st Edition, 2011. ECCS European Convention for Constructional Steelwork.

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REFERENCES

Rationing (Engineering firm): www.ratio-n-ing.com

Applus+ (Quality Control firm): www.applus.com

Grupo Salmeron (Steelwork fabricator): www.gruposalmeron.com

FATOR (Bolt fabricator): www.tindsa.com

Applied Bolting (Bolt fabricator): www.appliedbolting.com

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PICTURES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

SKILLS training modules have been developed by a consortium of organisations whose logos appear at the bottom of this slide. The material is under a creative commons license

The project was funded with support from the European Commission. This module reflects only the views of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information

contained therein.

skills m03e execution en1090 dobar

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