smal words tamil language risale-i nur tamil தமிழ்,

8/3/2019 Smal Words Tamil language Risale-i Nur Tamil ,

1/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

yc v\V[ v~ OL

kV, ~\V[, V> V>

EB kV>^

V [ kX|


2/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

c^D

01. yc v\V[ v~ LD

km vVV >VzAD 01

02. EB kV>^ 09

03. x>_ kV> 10

04. VD kV> 11

05. J[VD kV> 21

06. V[VD kV> 27

07. n>VD kV> 31

08. gVD kV> 36

09. wVD kV> 46

10. VD kV> 56

11. [>VD kV> 70

12. >Vl[ xBmkD 87

13. kVl[ WBu >[\ 98

_: EB kV>^ gEB: ] v\V[ L (m)\VaBA: gLD s Vz: \s ._.D. VD() D.. D: 108+iv s: 120.00 kl|kV: V[, >V[A_, m ]A\: V [ flEV: n flD, 168, >V T], \Vk_, x>u ]A: k 2010 (xD 1432) ..>,.: 978-955-0561-01-9

Title: Short Words Author: Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (Turkey)

Translator: Asim Alavi Editor: Moulavi A.L.M. Ibrahim (Gafoori)

M.A. Pages: 108+iv Price:120 SLR Printed by: IPC Printing

Press, 168, Main Street, Mawanella, Sri Lanka Publishers: RUBA

Foundation, Hasan Halife MH, Halicilar Cd, No:36/1,Faith, Istanbul

(Email: [email protected],Website: www.rubavakfi.org) Copy right: RUBA Foundation First Edition : January, 2011

(Muharram 1432) ISBN: 978-955-0561-01-9


3/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

yc v\V[ v~ LD

km vVV >VzAD

1877D g|ml[ wz V]B]_ > v~L km x kVD V][ cBflEV

m. E> x[\V]BV VtB kVk \u

V k^, >m m J[Vkm kB]_ 1960D g|

\\VV^. k^ \AZ]BV VtB _sB \V]

\[, T mD u, >E> VtB

QV ]>V. >V_ kz "yc v\V[' (V][uA>D) [ EA B kwm.

mB \B\V V c\VMB V][ ]

V]_ kV> yc v\V[ k^, V][ TflEBD

x>VD c V xu>V| xoD cz >MV|V

>D xoD c]om >[ mm

V m zBV \VB>D >m kV

V]_ s>V. 1923 x>_ 1950 kBV mB

VD Vmz ]V |D zx BVm

k>>D yc v\V[ s>V.

x>VD c >][ [V V z]l_ km

00 01


4/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

VtB t \V xl u k>m.

V ]_ _VB y >m \Vkz

u]KD VtB mBV_^, skV>^ ] \V

> sk]KD > sV. >uV VtB

c[ VzD BVD \uVV; x[

c\V ]>V. m \V]\_, >m \Vk c^

B Vbk BV[ ], 1914D g|, Vm

ml[ wz V]B> gt xB[ iB

z ]V VVV. >[ ]l_ > ]BV| iBfl El_ k VD kV k um.

mk VxD \V \V _ ~| yc

v\VM[ kVs_ Am \Vu^ u. V> s| zB

V m \V V> s V z]l_ yc

v\VM[ kVD BflEB>> k>VMVD. "wB

v~' "A]B v~>V' BflEB>V. A]B v~ Vm kVso

m u m, \V> \KD ]\V u]KD ]BV]KD cD\][ Wu E]]KD V> a>V.

M_, Am kBV J ]> VVmV k

gB> kB >k um.

1925D g| ml[ wz V]B]_ ]V

flE k>m. yc v\V[ ]_ >VV ukV

_m >m \Vk #skV _. \VV

flEB s|D >[ >kD k VV.

D VD k \uz >VoBVz V|

]Bm. >[ z k> \V >m k^ kz

]ys V> V\Vk >. >VflEBV V| >

KD EkVxD zx\ [V WV

V. k m[A>| a

VmD >m VtB lom uD mk| VVm

c]BV W[V. k J]omD >m \Vkt

mD >M\ W]\, kz \BV>V

>> kwBm. V sB >m "vVV '(l[ #m) D _Bt zg[ sB ]V.

>V| vVV m xkmD k mkBmD V

sB. u yc v\V[ V:

""z >k, m B>s[ lV _m

m |V|z cV _; >V_ V[ ]VB

i W\z [V_ > QV> [V_ Am V^

B #VzD [MD _. zgMB V[ >BV|] V^k>uVk k z u|^

[ c\ Vm Am. zgz k FD x\V

\V\V BV[ Wkuk>uV lu

E\V m x kVD \m^mV_ c[.

zgM[ uA> >[\B Wm V|k>uz >

luEB m.''

VtB cD\ T\m ou V|k>uV >V VD, >[ ~\VMKD D

(>V)sKD TD V|k> yc v\V[

>V. > DxD >V| sfiQVD, >Va_OD [

B_ \u>BkV]D kV]D V][

mB \Vmz ]V s]> zx^ >VmD, Vbkfl EVFD xoD; flEVD xoD.gBV_, xD\ \> V Fk> >[V_ xBV> kV]V.

02 03


6/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

[>D vVV |m V|m. W> kuBD

WD\]BD kD ~\VMB kVz kl_ xBVm[> >[ m. \KD, WVA \M> g\Vs_

u|mD >D, ], Dl[\ gB VB VF

D k \M> kVs_ sszD \V\V sZ>

D wV szm.

x_zg[ \M>m A]BD c^V> gu_D

s> m. fiD D \ |^m, m

s>D Bzm [ u gw\V cuV, k [

|^ [m u gVFm > |zD

_zg[ k Wum. >[ JD \VE\ >B k

k_\ V V [ k[ V[ [>D

km EA >[\^ (LV) [ [>D s

V^ kazD. >V_ \M>[ >m c kVs[

VA s V^D kazD. yc v\VDEV zgMB uA>D ]B>D szk>uV

> bzxBB [u^V. fi][ AD

m kk\|^ s>xD >[ \A\ >[

VM[ uA> nB] W>uz Vm\Vk

[m \M>z kw z>k BVm >

Z]BV V][ D szk>[ JD

k >m ~\V c]BV km V^ xD [mDyc v\VM[ kV>\VzD. kV xoxD V> z

> Z]BVk s ~\V[ V^ k|D k kV]V.

s [uk]_ _k [\^ c^.

kV>xD BukV>xD V]kV>xD \zwD V

B J>\V ^sD >D \V> V [. k[ k[ >V_ [ k[

\m uz |k]_? km [ T sfi

QVD Ws_? \M>[ \m c \V| \

V V [ k[ *|D |kV[ [m z>

V flVzD [ kV>^ k km

~\VB gVfl FD.

T sfiQVxD >VaOxD fi][ >VauV| \V]\ |m^. >[ ckVD u k

V|zD sD ^sz \_ ^s A[.

gV_, ~\VMB V]_ fi> VzDVm,

m k >[ >VauV|z V_ |mfl [, >[

_Bu sV>D ]_ V]m^ uA>D

szk>V|, >[ >V >M>k[ [ ]B>D W

m. m km c^]_ \kD zw>D c|

bk>uz ]V, ~\V \]_ gw\V ]B km.

\M> kVs[ t BV >k \V> [

ukmD k k_\ V V m, km

m wB ]V\^ JxD k k ka|

km\VzD.

zgzD sfiQVmzD l_ xV|V

sV BVm. \Vu\V \M>zD W> >D

\]BD sfiQV> AVm _zgMB ka

B [uk>[ J\ m V^ xD [>B

v~ L >m vVV JD |m V^V.

06 07


7/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

08 09

ku VD Wu [ABV\VB

_Vs[ BV_...

kM\ VD c>s >|VD. kVD

Em VzD _V _V AD.

\m >k xD\ (v__V N kv_D)

k^ *mD k[ z|D], >Vw^ *mD

vkVmD VxD cVk>V!m V>! ^ [MD E

y^. k z^ [m EB >_^ E ]B s\|^. ^ { VbkEVBV >V_ Vbk >[\ V>Vk

k \m^. |>ks, x>o_

>k [> c[. gBV_ >k| zg[ kV_ c^ u "| kV>^'

[ B_ kw V[. ]om V\V B[ >[. > kV> V|, gV_ V>V \[ \Val_,

\V m g\Vz [. sDBk^[V| m s\|VD.

kV, ~\V[, V> V>

EB kV>^


8/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

10 11

t_V uBm

t_V [m m _ sBmD

gD\VzD. VxD > V \m gD

VD. m g\Vk, s V^! > AM>VuV V][ { BVfl E[\V mV_, m _V clmD "]' g m.

k >\z >> \VaV_ > {]V|>V[

[. m > kuV> ]BD >VD >m [> s V^ k|\M_

kD |Z]BV >B ^:

A V| Vk >^ V BVD\uV^D k, V] >k[ VmVu k[ BV BVfi FB k|D. >V_

k V^Btm VmVA k>V| >m>kD zkV Wku V^ xD.

M_, >B c>kV>[ BVD \uV^

kV ][ _ | a> VVD. k,k >B>V BV> Vk]V

\uV. ]_ k xD x^kV

>mV_ |>k \D kxD c^kVVV. ^ \M>[ > V]

>k WBtm VV. gV_, \VV

fl FBs_. x>V\k V _VD

VmVA >m. k V^V V_,

""V[ [ V] >k[ BV_ BVD \u

V^['' [ V_ k >V> FBVm

s| s|kV^. k Vk \^ kEzD V

z^ Ow>V_, >k[ BV_ kz _ \

BV>D cAD zD. gV_ \VV,

>m BVD xkmD V_VV mBD

>D ]>V[. mz x[VKD ||,

]xD BVD zD W ckVm. k[ a

|>>V| kAzB VVD \VV[.

m \ > g\Vk! BV.

V VkD. cm k_V >[\zD k\zD _B BVm; cm ]D >k\V

xkuk. c\ W >V_, [

W> V>VMmD g] >t_V gEBVMmD

B V| cm BV> \uV^. x

fi]mD x[V_ Bmk]omD mz

x[VKD ||zk]omD VmVA kVF.

"t_V' [ > VuVVm c\l^ W>m. m, sV TD >k

D V c[ sV k_\D [AD V

k[ m. m, k k_\D ku DVkm ]\[]_ cV m t

x>_ kV>


9/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

12 13

V>\V [V m. ""_Vs[ BV_''

>m \ gDzD k Vbk]_ Dk V[VkV. k E[ BV BVu

V; k uD flD V^ \VV; k km,VB\Vukm mD E[ BV. kE[BVKD >[ VmV\ m WuV.

m D ""_V BV_''[> >\z >> \VaV_ {mk>V gD]_

l>VD, >V?

gD, >V[!

>M\M>[ { z km, _ lVkD k>\V kV mz , k FD kuA]V_, k >m BVV

_m >m ]V> VV fl FBs_

[mD; k { Vbkfl EVF [>V_ >m M[]V> B[|] E[ BV kV F

V [mD cz szD.

> s>\V>V[ kV[D k k_kV_Vs[ BV Bz[. s> _m>VMBD V[ tfl EB V^ >\m >l_ \V

\V \ \m _[. D \ V[\B k \ #z[. >[ m _V

\D ""t_V'' \Vam, _Vs[ V]_ >\m m D*m Vk>VzD._V >VAD ""t_V'' , kk_kM[]t \l[ _k k k^ V\V

c >BVzD VBV k \[.

^Vo tV \V|, D\,

\uD g|^ mD ""t_V'' , WDkaD _Vs[ ^ uom, \z ]VVzD flmD WDB "kV V' #BV gV\kM[ BV_ >m>[. s>\V\[ V[ tmkV kD >VkDAu |D ""_Vs[ BV_'' \VuVD tBD mfl _[. kuV[ Wu [ABVM[ B \Vam _

k>V_ uV^ ]m Wu xBVm kuz [.

c\l_, \V V mfl [m WuzD tmkV k^, k^ km V[gVB> V k\V D ^ V|zD s>s>\V w^, |D k V_ >\m ~>[\B \VV\_ k]zD \[\t fl ^ gB BuB Vm (V]m) kVFz

\V B V| km D c^>^ "">V V^, ^ ]D D kzD cixD >[\D kV ]l[ [; ]m V^''! Vu[.JvV (NvVD) k[ [V_ V[ >| V[ \[\BV kV kD ""c\m [V V| V *m V!''(_V: 60) [ _Vs[ z km

V[, \V VB fl F[. \[\BV ,""! z VDV> \VD '' (_[BV: 69) [ zkm V_, VD (NvVD) kmkBk^ >VBm V[ [ ci>D>V Wu[.


10/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

14 15

m VD t_Vk \Va>kV

_Vs[ \z ^ >k>V_, VxD t_Vk \VaB k|D. VD _V BV

V|m k[ BV |D k|D. _Vs[BV_ V| \zD V|VVktm VD | Vm.

^s:^s:^s:^s:^s: \z V c>s AkVz VD]VD Fk>V|, \]AD BxD V|VD.

_V [ ]V> ]VV[? M_,]mD V>VV k V[!

]_:]_:]_:]_:]_: gD, ^ kwzD c\BV VBV[ > VBVz \V J[ sB

V[. x>Vkm W>_ (

); | [

_ (

); J[ E> F>_ (

). ""_Vs[BV_'' gDm Wk>VzD. ""_V

_V AD'' k>[ ]l_ [ k>VzD.>V VxD W]B >M> _Vs[ uA>tz A_ WD V|D wBuBD

\D kuz [VK^ _Vs[\VE\BD kuV k|D km BD c^j cm E> F> Wk>VzD.

D M[, \]t [V cz V|km >D { u \M>M[ V x>t|

km k \\>\VzD? > [Vl[ V>V Vm, > kl_ V| km>Dbz >D >VukVF \_ ] [A V,ku[ c\BV VBV \m s|km glD

\z \\>\VzD.

m g\Vk! BV \\>]_ sw

sDVsV_, _Vs[ BV_ V|; _Vs[BV_ |; _Vs[ BV_ gD; _Vs[

BV_ VB\Vu; V[ k> sB][ DmkVzD.


11/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

16 17

~\V[ kmV s>BD z mVs>BD V|^m kV?

D V[ VEB>m. k VV ]BD V>V.

Vzt\_VD, \^ Tm[ Vmzc^V >kD >D D\z \V_

B k]V W[ k BV^k>

\ V. k VzD m KD >B

>V\V k>t W\B Vm. x V|D

V WDB \ T| V[ VEB>m. >

kD mxD WDB WB |kD D\M>

z V>B >s kV[D us_. k

\M>_VD ] V[D WBk V[\>[. flD >D B D s]u

sDtB>kD zD V>\ VV ]

x^ VEV >. km \VE m[Au W

l >m.

|> \M> >kVD ]D Vk; W>V

\V E] Bk; kD E> AD V

. k k>m^ V| ]E> VV km bz >[m. x fix\ MB cm V^k> > _ \M> |>V. VzD

_VD g> AD zmxD ]swV\ k VE^. _V ]KD _Vk

QV|mk>uV \flE>D kVFA^ WD ka>.

m \M>D MB VD csVDkz >[. V| VD k VEBVm

\^ >\m Kk_ ] F> \W[ zFm^ D ]swVD, kVk

_kVmD VD \V V^k>V\ >. Vbk B []|k>u

V k_ "_V ' ""_Vk >s

VD kV>

""k^ \kVku skVD V^kV^.''

(_V :03)

_Vs[ *m ~\V[ V^k>[ ]V u|D

EV \flEBD VB>D EV g>>D \WD\]BD u >m V^ k|\M_, ^ | Z]BV >B ^:

>k, k c_VmVD k k skVVD BV> \uV. k

Bm[ uzt_V> ]l_ B gD>V.

|>k ][ c>s>\V gD>V.

x>V\k \VAD VxD V \V[\

D V>>V_, k [ x V|\ ^ >


12/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

18 19

kmzBk[ k_'' [ zD ]Vo

> s\|>V.

x>_ \M>[ V[ >[M u >BwkV _mV kV[ >V VEV k x[ ks_.\VV k >[s_ \flED g>xD >mV[ V| \^ \]lKD V>D t WBB |>V. >V| E V*|D k>D k Fm xm, _Vz \k\V

[D K]V.Vu V][ z, V| ]DBmD > x>_

\M> ] >m. kV| cBVB [ kmW\Bm V D\M> V: "" BA]Bw>kVk V. c\m cDAz^ V]]>kA cm k>Vu]KD ]o] |D.>VB EA c\z V[ >[m; k> m VD V^

V^ V[ >[; \^ z#m[ {Fk|m \T_ V km V[ c\z>[m. >VmV c\m A]B VB|.c\m c^> #F\|] V^. Vm c\m \m^ > VB\V ] ]BDc\m z >B kD.

cB> ]B bD, D D c^, E>WkVxD > \]zD \D c^, >m z\EB, ]t [ gEFD VV[ W>m V_ ^> \BV kxBVm. x[u]mD s]lmD BV^ >kV >[|D V| ]BkV xD?''

> V \V[\l_ V]B

> \M>[ >m BA]B V ]DV. ""gD...V[ V>R| k]>[. m

kVsom [ VVuB c\z _V ^AB|D'' V.

m g\Vk! x>VD \M>[ V[ _m

BVBm V]> ]oV[. km

m \Vm V \TVzD. ]_

kVD kD, ] \\> >\m cs[ kV_ >Vz| kV[ V km V kV[

. \M>D tD VVD kMV

\u, >\m _ (\D Wfll VD) D [

B V_ a| E[V[\V m

]k V[ km z >[. \V

\V AV \D x]D fl>

u|mD clu ^ V[ km z

A. km zmD kamD skVk>B _k kD ]flED >D \^

km c^]_ ckV k kV k>[.

VD \M> V> \_, kV xt[

gkV. k _Vk \k\V u ~\V[ V

\M>. km m \Vm ku V[

Wu [ABVm V\D >xD m]FB|D

\VzD; \M>zD tzD V>DluED kw|D \VzD; \M>, [ k][

V>\VzD. \M>mD tmD \\[m

>\m c VAom s|s|km \V]\.

>\m kV VA ] F> \M>^ >


13/57


14/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

22 23

s> V]At_V> [. ]_ BD FD m

_ [m t ] V> ~ V^k>V| WD\]D [. gV_, A V>BV

s> [\D >k]_. ]_ BD FD m

_ [m D i>B [.

>Vk V> \_ |D [. BV

s]BVD c^m. >Vkm, m V>l_ s>

V> zs]BV _m >V> bD ]VBV

BVm. >V| s> V]BD \V\_ BD

FBVD. B^ kBV zkD \BkzD WD\]BD s[. \Vu\V, km

V>l_ BVD FkV \V V[z V

^ VVz WDB c >V| | V

^ >\V>V mV gBku \m _ W

]|k. kx^ g>>V_ >kV ]B

D \ xD. Vbk |V|z^ z]l

k^ BVD FkV^.''

> ^ \M>M[ fl k\V s\|>

EVFD >\m V>B y\VM>. ]iVo

kmA V>B > F>V. k m V Vx^\B >m xm_ \m VV. gV_ VmVuWl_ u|D flD, |>kz \|

\BVk>V_ u|D k\VD gBk >D glD V

cV]om k s|> u sV. |>

m]it \M>[ >[V_ > W>z BxBV> \m sV. Vbk]om sVKDkVl_ [ kVm[ >[MflBV m V>l_

B gD>V. m V V> \]om

k s|> uV. gV_ km c^D, |>k^

\_ >W[ \BVk][ gl\VlD Vk mfl

\zD V]_ | V>m; V_oV]D flxD km g\Vk kV k>>. Vk

\_VD BmkVD V>B_VD |

Bm |zkVD VbD WflE^ ]omD

]flEBVD Bm >m >V.

k Vbk]om >BVB V[

zuD V| >V.

Vbk][ s]x \]m >m V]BDmVBD VmVA[ \m kV>l_ B>

\M>V >kV \M>zD >kVm, \

Vm, x \]]D cfl\u WD\]D

VF >m m sV. , >m \B

c#F\D mz ||D WkuB

skVx^ Tz zD D V|| k

sV.

k, D sszD m g\Vk! >

BV^ k >m g\Vk x\BV _Vs[

W>V]_ \> k ]W]mk |mD

>k, |>kV _V]V D Fm

>m \Vflz | \M> ]W]mk

|mV.

> V>BVm g[t c V>BVzD. m [Vfl [ \\B m. \m [ V]D

mV\V kxD >kVD gzD. k

]_ kBV iD > VmD, >[ c^

V> >]_ k xBV> zD WD\]D


15/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

24 25

[. VB >Vl_ { BV[ "V V

__V xD\m `K_V' |mV[. >[JD k[ AV^km BV>M_, k

>s VV, gV\k kBVD _;

[\-y\ k[ l c^; k[ t QVx

BVVD BVkuD >kVD V[;k[

>D TVfl Fk]_; k[ ku V[;

km [AD D zD WD ka[.

> s][ J\V V][ kVl_sB ]]> k cV. kVl k >m

mg JD >^ ]V; >z gV\zD k

mD ||[ [> cm kMD

BD >|V. k[ *m >kz_ km km c>s

l > Wu[V. k >[fl w \V

\m V^k>V| km ~\V[ kz ] >[D

B V|m.

m [D V[ c\BVk ]Bm

[ mflKD km. > mflo[ u ~\VD

V>m\VzD. kV ]D Vw>D km.

>[ u kaBVzD.

c\l_ ~\VMB VD V c^xB {BV[ fi\ { V> zV \V kmfl

E>VKD k[ fiV fix^kVk V|kV[. k[ > g] >D _V> >M> k k_kM[ sB>z k_\B kV|D VD V[

|V[. gV_, "kV u c^D VV' >D\ u V^D a> >mkQVM

>k kV_ ]D V k\V kk>

| Bm |, ""nBV > kV_ ]D tB>V V>'' cm {tV. ( >k

\Vk V >B>V kV_ ]D k\Vkm V>V F] Vm x V|\Bm |Bm. B |WEl_ \^ _VD

T|om kB s)

gD, \M>M[ >kV MV>k. kM

x^ J>xD kV\V u\Vk. k[ xs_V wAz gVk>V_ km ]D \|

|>>. [, km kD ]D

km > #D x\V > _z^B

\m^. D km kVVD gD

k>D m[D kV_. k VkD

uD > #> B x\V >

#> [. _Vz m k[

k[ [> u kzk]_ W]D TxDc^ \M> g\Vz zD \VD V>D

\ \flEBD D zVV> >kV

\M>VKD zkV Am V^ xD.

VmVV V>D g>V V>D zD

Vm > VmVV V> V>V_ EB T>D>V[

VmVAt>V >VKD > > Fk> E

Vm. VD cBV VzD V>>V>\_ \M> W> >D kuBD

V wmfl _k>uV ]_ [m T>\V Vm

VAt V> c^m. > V\V k_K^ k

Z]BV |, >V\| >D Fm^.


16/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

26 27

y\lmD mD V> m[]KD

asK\ x\[m [ EBD[ V>D > >[ m.

m >\u WflB\V c\B.

\V:\V:\V:\V:\V: \\l[ \flE V[ c kVs[

\flE BV[ k_ _Vs[ BV(h[m_V) \V k kzk] >^m.gBV_ k[ \z >m^ D >[\VD

km V>l_ D\ > F>\VD "_Dmo_V' [> sVm k k|D. D\

xo\V kVwkm^ _V _V AD.

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V[VD kV>

"">V \V][ #VzD.'' (y)

|D |D >V_ V[V \Vkm V[,>V k EAD xmkxD kVF>m [>D >fl E Vu k>fl s| u V^ xD [>D, > AzD

k >B V] sszD ]BV[[>D nB] >m V^ k|\M_,kD | Z]BV >B k\V ^:

>k k_\t { [ >m kwm kVkzD >V m V[z >V V|m | \V> # >]K^ >maAt [z k>V."" cmBVfl |VD ^ VF >zD T|z

>kBV V kVD > B[|m^.c^ BVmV >\V kVD Al>D,_, s\VD V[ c^. ]_ cx^][ u V>\V> > FBVD'' kwV.

..................................

.


17/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

28 29

> u skD >\m B> gD

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_k> glD \z D VV. |>

kV, >uz \Vu\V ]K\ _V> V|

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m zkV Am V^ xD. TV

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gD, nk >VB Wku sDV>k!>Vw st_V> m g\Vk! > >l_ kD

[>V[ D\ m Vok[. ]K^ BV_ k B][ bm\V >V

B Wkuk. |>k V|VV_ >V

B Ak. s m V[z > VBD V[ m V[z \M]BV\VzD.

> [m k]BVzD. > >D

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m [^. \[\ >VB _ zg[

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u Vm? k[ > ywm V^

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m k >m V][ kVEz]B B[|]

_ ~||D xV^>D V[>VzD. ]_glD m VVKD gl]_ kz


18/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

\V]\ ku WflBD. \BV E]zD k m

z>som t >VsK^ BV[mkV. gV_ W> V> m V^k

>uV V >VIu [m T>D kuB>k>uV kVFA^ c^ [, > B kVFms| >uV >m m V[[ z]B

s >BzD xV^>> [k[ km?

>V|, >Vl_ km g\V, >BD, c^D

gB mD D \ g> [. \KD>V_ cKz > cflKD u|k]_. [D

>VBV c#F\[ FD m

VBD k\Vk \[. s>\V k^>[Mx^ m J>D B[|] x>|Fm \\ kVk DV]m V^ xD. >

kl_, >m >uV kVk V| W>\V kVk

k u V^ xD.

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n>VD kV>

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(>_: 128)

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>k VbkD VV zsVm ^ Bl_ [V m V.]_ k EV luE^ u \^k.|>kV cBV > Bt. \^

30 31


19/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

EVF >m k> luE^ k]KD >mV

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ckD k]D u V^D k >ks_. >m V]D c \zD cD k mA Fm V^kV. ""^ [ FS^?'' kVkm V_ ""V[ >]K^ k[ \B>V[ F['' ]V. ""V[ msBmV k V['' VmD \VV.

> c EVBV >m klu[ *m ] [AKmkV VV. k luElKD >]KD>s> kxD |s_. ""mk_VD V][VA; mu V[ [ k V^ k|D?'' [V. k > xD >m kV >k ]m V^km u \V]\ K]V.

kVm Blom kB [ >l_V ^ kV kkV. V^ > EAluE u km V V:

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ck cV_ xBVm. m kD []|

V kB >D. ^ \l_ V|VV>V_ Vbk s] *B\V c^ *mzuDV >V. VD FB kB \^c^. [, V \. VD km VbkVA ] F>V_ \z k cD k]DkwzkV; |>m \m \. m VD luEu >DFk>VzD. EVm ]_ [ \z c>s FkV.

> c EVF >m luEu Vsm gV m s\|m >[ ]] V^ xBuE

VsV_ >[ s [kVzD [> ^ z

s_ Am V^T^.

m VD_t g\Vk! > V>A t >

\[m cBVzD. z]V |^

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Vbk k[m > uV[ xoD J\VzD.s EVF_ k >m \V VA

k cm >uu zD >kV c^ x

o\VkV. k y\ FBD Vk]_ ~|D #|D

>m \VflzD >VzD ]V V >V|

m Vk. V#\V VkomD >ko

mD >[ >uVm V^ xBuEm V

V. |>kV, | am >z c\BVk

ckzD _Vk \ms|, >m c\BV\ \m cD VD >|k]_ |D B

>D \uV^D k. k >m V^ >|D l_

ys\V ~||^>V_ >uV >kV VkflB

Fk>uzD >B \VV. > luED _D

32 33


20/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

BV>M_, nk >VBVzD. > >D BV>M_,

qzD gzD \M> ]^ >V[-[[ #|>KzD ]V VV\VzD; yB ]tm \M> c^> VmV>uV VVD. | VA_ x>Vkm, kVk>KD >>k>uV gV\m\VzD. Vkm VAkVkm gVxD zD k k ka|kMD B] >VzD. k D k[ *m>kz_ k>KD ]_ zD.

\M> kV [m g] >D _V> \VM[ \t uA>xD km ~_V gwBuB]oB \VE\t QV][ kV|\VzD.kVB kwB > k kVkVz gVD>[ JD kVB Em VD FV[.kVk >fl FB xBVm. cz >uVg>VD k|\V? ^D D ]t_V> cl E> gV zs_ u V^[.

c>V\V, *D wz^ kVD AkD |mV^VD. s|D s> g>D V> tmkVV >VmD, zw>D \uBV[ zD V_ k tfl E> ckB cV^[. * D A]>V > t z \VtxbD tD \ BtD | Vm V>\VzD. k\V ckVm ]V>D fi>D B[

|mk>[ JD ]_. gV_ m g>ku T][ J\Vk m [> Am V^k>uzm E>>V c>V\VzD. >Vkm >m VV>gV> > V^D xBuEl_ ~||D V_

nk >VB s k >m

Vbk \ Am, >m mzzalom

kB >z c >fl [ a> EVFz VkVkV. \_V ^W> M[V]om km m VzD gV]_]VA km, |> \z >V> V|m kD B>Vm >m xBuEl x[_km>V[ g\W> BVzD [m ]om zs_ Am s|D.mD EV V> gzD.

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k, m g\Vk! >|k> cmkVs[ EB\V |m VV_ { u E|zsB s >D z>>V \Vs|kVF. \Vu\V, \\ kVk cm zVVD D >\VDV| kVk >uV l|D >\V g>uukV VB\u V| [V_, cl[ >]BVD _VsD >xD B]VzD, km smzD \BV>zxBBVVD _Vs[ s>VBVD \V s|kVF.

czD ka^ k |D>V[. k sDB> > Fm V^. \_V [VMD \[Vcz ka V|\V V> F.

34 35


21/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

\M>z V||^ \VM>D

V>V, D J >VD [>V_ >

s xBV> WBu >[\ Vm. mam VVD _m \Vu\BVD [ W Vm; > [ >m V> V\V>[Mx^ ]E> >]_ k s \M>]KD sk *mD sV [AVkD F]BD ]k>V:

""^ \VM>\V km V[zD > V>

z su s|^. > VmVV km V^[. m WBVB\V aB >kl_. >D x>z m >>s _ Wl_ c ]>[. > cm V>Vk ] V[ ] sD >[. ]K^ B]D >VDm B_ |m m l_ B[|m[.ku B[|mk>uV oB glD \z ]m >[. m ~>D k\V>D mV>D u V^T^. V s>

J>xD k\u T^; D VBzB s VuzD >z] cz _.k, kB m sD V Vu m >kD V Wku[.k\V>D V>D c >[. [D>D xu VkD T| ]DAD k flV> sVD. ^ V*szD > nmka Vm kM^. ^ z > V>

>VsV_ m kzD BV\u am Vk>V V^. >V| Vm ^ u^k]D a> VF s|D. m k\ TVs|k>V| V[ > >BVV^ cB> sD czVm. ]K^ >\V \] kVF> cD

gVD kV>

""_V skVEB clD V^DWflB\V kz k] (>k>V ) \FBVksz kV VV[...'' (>V:111)

k >m clD c\D _Vz sumD kz \BV h[m_V (_Vs[ )g \VkmD > Vt sBVVD [>D > B t >s [>D BV s V^k|\M_ ^ | Z]BV >B ^.

>k [ >m ^ >m z D VV V|>V. >Vau

VD B]D z]D g>D \uDkEB\V VD ]_ l>. gV_, m

36 37

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22/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

B[|>szD cB>\V cV^ mD

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V^. >uz \V, z Vm suV_ ^m Vbk EVFV \Vk>V| m ]W]BVD

BzT^. V>V ]BV _m zxBu

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k k> > t >skD s\|> z k_ A]\^\M> V:

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gV_ |> \M>V |DVzD BxD V|am VV. km g\V V_ kD >[. k > l_ W>\Vk kVwk>kV_ ] [ tB]flED >DxuV EB|]V. k V:

""V BVm? m V> su>uV _m m\flEB ~|k>uV V[ VmD \V[.''

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km M[ g>k u>V| M[

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y\^ WDB g\Vk! > B >l[ >V

VB V| ]B][ x> V. ]K^[ [m g]D >xt_V>, c[ Em VzD V[. > , B]^, >V^,c^, mVV_ mD cm c V

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""_V skVEB clD V^DWflB\V kz k] (>k>V ) \FBVksz kV VV[...'' (>V:111)

> \V >D [m V>V tl[\uVzD. m xs_V\_ \V V|D >D aD u| V|D *|D VV|D m, \M>z >[M u E]

# Vm.

38 39

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23/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

mD \m om VF wAz^V

V\Vs Bm. lzDVm ku W>\V>V \Vu VmV x\V?

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m [?

\VM>> >>Bk > su Fk>VzD. m nm k V> ~ >D.

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km V>l_ s|D WBu kV W> kVkV \VuD m. m xs_V >m VzD. kV [m D s>BD V[D \V fl [ xuV okBBm.gV_ gk] \\V, ^ sm, W>c[ gz^ \m AmkVkV m \Vm. B kVl[ gz^ mkzD >[ s>^ Am>DAD Am DD x gDm.

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gV_ ^ cm \B > kwBk su Fm km l_ sV_ m\M>z]uV \m kzD m ^mD VD ]ms|D VV \VD.

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>BVD \V s|D.

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40 41


24/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

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42 43


25/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

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44 45


26/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

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46 47


27/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

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48 49


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50 51


29/57

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52 53


30/57

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54 55


31/57

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56 57


32/57

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58 59


33/57

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60 61


34/57

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62 63


35/57

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64 65


36/57

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66 67


37/57

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Wu [ABVM[ \][ > k > {>_^ mD u|m\V >BD ^

>k xD\ (v__V N kv_D) *mD

[Vm z|D>k \uD >Vw^ *mD D

68 69


38/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

~uxD VkVBV, g*[!

V]m^ VD zm V|

m. k>V[, > >V _ ] >,], >*, >_, vkV gBku ]zD

k|^VD. k_ > ]\V_Vz [ K> x\V > ]\V [K> k|D. >V [>[ m mkVzD. ]o

K^ \]OxD gwxD W> m u skVs V^k>uV>V[ m g\V[ m

D kD nm Dz s\| k|D.

x>_ DD:

>Vl[ >D _VD k_ _Vk m]

F>_, k A>_, kz [ Km>_ [>VzD. >Vkm "qV_V' \Vak>[ JDV_VKD BVKD km \VE\B AM>|]

kz x[V_ ED>V] kzk>B m zm.V_VKD BVKD "_V '

|] km \B >[ cflWz cB] k[x[ ED>V] kzk>VzD. c^>VKD VkVKD c

VKD "_Dmo_V' k>Vm km Wuw[ x[Ml_ ED>V] [ k>VzD. >Vkm,

#F\ |>_, \\|>_, [_ gB >V

l[ kV ]KD sKD V]m^. DJ[ kV>D kV >Vl[ [D 33>k^ *|, >VB \[\KD kK|]

c]|mD kD \m^. >Vl[ >D> J[ \V kV>_ >Vz|^m.

VD DD:

k][ >D BV>M_, BV[ >m >k

[>VD kV>

>V _ \m^ QVD

""gk (skVE!) ^ Vm ADVmD VmVDVmD _Vk m] Fm V^. x[sKD | oKD kVKD tlKD AwmD_VzB>!'' (D: 17,18)

m V>! nk >Vz [ ]B^ z|^? >[ EBD>V[ [? [

^sB [MD ^. ]oK^ QV_

[ \V]D V[ cz zm V|[.

c\l_, kV >V xD xB\V

AEl[ gD> zm V|k>V| ]_

.

70 71


39/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

D TeD k\BD >kV m,

_Vs[ mkmkx^ Em VzD>[\D WV [AD D zm m

[A km, km g] >D _V> W u E>

l_ l> Wl_ >FT \l_ ED >V]

uB W]_ >V| qm Fk>VzD. \VE\

t z m kzkm k k_\^

kM[ kEB\V k|>V mV_, BV[

>m >kD TD k\BD BV\

BD Vk\[MA >|k>[ J\VD, km \\B m] Fk>[ J\VD m "qV_V'

D Fkm AM>mkt kM[ >V

k|>VzD. > D JD >m [

m VVzD Vuk[; ka^

|B J>\V m >[\omD

k[ #F\BVk[; fi]_ > zV|^

V|>V k ]omD Vuk[

[ku BV[ u V^V[.

>m T>D BV\BD |> A[

TD > Wl_ BV[ "_V '

|> k|D [> mkt

]V][ k|>VzD. k k_kM[ \VE\t

]V> Wm kxD sBAD m x\BV

mD D k[ x[Ml_ BD

k WumD k[ *m >m m sBDVAflV|kmD k|>o_ \uV z]BVzD.

kV, gl[ ] sV\V l[

k|VVkm, BV[ \[VD, V> gBk

J\V >m m >kD \uD B

[ k\BD >kD >B|]"_V ' \k\V Vuk>[ JD

>m M[ >BV>D [VD VV|

k>VzD. >Vkm, >Vl[ {>_D D >

> V|^>V| kV kV_ kz

|D c^.

J[VD DD:

\V\V c[ EB \V] kk\V \M>[kV VV, kV `m_ V]V

t zgM[ EB \V] kk\V >V kV

nk >VD m kmD x

sV Vt kBV c^. >V|,

m mD > k

zm V|D >FT k\VD k [.

V[VD DD: V][ sVBD Wt>D \ >

D VD >[ x^ kV zm V|>V,

kV k kV[D |>> V>V, kV

k kV[D |>][ x[\V]BV \>V,

kV k kV[D |>> [u>V

kV>V[ , _ \V \V kkmD- _Vs[

c\D sV\V \_ sV V[>.

> -_ \VuD >\m Wt |m D k

^, >\m \ |mV|D \M> kV

VD, >D\ Vm V^D VzD

c kV V][ V^ gB mD [

72 73


41/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

]\Vm.

>Vkm, > nkl[ kV kD xB\V AEl[ gD\V >V|, B \V\V AED QV|m[. g] >D

_V>k[ >m ]V> kV ]flE >D s>]_BVm VV> W WmV[ [> \ x[ V|kfl Fm. \KD, kV kxD

kV Vz]D kV VuVxD VzD ]V][ uA>D B[ [V

D QV|mm. k, VB \BVnk >VBVm, kuz > ^ z|^kV > tD V>\Vm [>s> >mzD t_Vm >\Vzm.

n>VD DD:

B_Vk \M>[ T\Vk[. D m

sBD k^ >V>D k>BD kB

D u|m[. k[ xux>V ]Buk[. D, kz >V\V, yz sszD

>D ]D xs_V>k; k[ _V\l[ cfl]_ V[. D, km >kVc\lB _VlD; k[ VDKD >z]l[\D

W>k[. D km kV VAV

\ xBV> VD W>k; kMD V|D \M>>[\ k fi]K^ mD

m^m; D >m mzBk \m VkmD,>m smzBm s VkmD, >V[ sDBk am VkmD, >z w\VD kVD

c^k \Vs|kmD k >Vm k>|]

V[; ]c[> zV^D W>

[^ k|D [>D km z>cmm. D, km zBV>VD

kV B>VD ] Vu\V>VD V\\||>>VD [.

k, \_V D k k_\BD V

_V AzxBkV g]B>t_V>kM[ W>V

]_ BV[ kV [VmD >m >k \

m \[V k|km k xB\Vm

[> ]om s V^ xD. >Vl[

J\VD mg[ J\VD kuBD c>sBD

|, > V[ kD skVD

V Wkuk>uzD, k[*m s]|^ \

xBV Wkuk>uzD >kBV c_- \V

ko\ u V^km t >VD [>D m

zm.

KB DKB DKB DKB DKB D uo[ gDD. V^ >m cflEzVkmD m TflE gDmD > ]BVzD.

VV> >Va_ xm zD D; k

som EuVF zD D. c cw_

VVl>Vm u V|Vom *D

\ \\B QV|>D W>D

>k|m. >V_ cwA kVB

B V>uzD mk V>\V D.

k, K >V > z ]_ >Vkm

\M> g[\Vz k ]BV, u V^

V>\V B_ [> _VVKD zkV Am

V^ xD. m \M> g[\Vk >om s|

76 77

E ^E ^


42/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

sm; >[ kX> cAm; WBu c[

>\u V[ [V_ {|k> zm V^#|m; c\BV VBV[ V V_W]k[ kMD B], kz AwD

[D \m, km \\B m] Fm

km \VE\l[ x[Ml_ >m BV\Bk|>_ k EVm? ku[ JD BV[>m D >D kV|V[. k

mD K[ EDVzD. > s

V^ xBV>k c\BV \M>Vk xBVm.

D: D: D: D: D: u_ k. m \fl Vk u|mD

] V> QV|mm. kBV]D \uD

]\ V]_ WD ^\B\V WBD QV

|mm. VV> skV^ xz kB D

m. [B ]D u gVBD, kV

k]^ \uD [ BzD ^ mD [

| \V>\V VEBzD \m. V> B[

>t mkzk>[ V m ADWBukB, c]BukB [>D \M>[ WB\D

u s>V [>D Vum. \M> g\VkV

m W>\V kVw k|D [ k Vm. m

> c |^m. m >

>V|, sl_ k>Bm. gBV_,

>V > c[>\V \, > V>\V

s, \M> B_A Z]BV ] V|

>uz > V>\V ka [>D; m \V]\_,

>Vkm > EV \\flEzB sBD

[>D c\BV \M> B_ V m

\M>D s V^kV^. g]B>D _V>,

VmD W]BkM[ \ kVlo_ \

l| qm Fm V]>[m, km mV> ^\VVD ku [AVD V_kVD [ Kmk>[m ku_ >fiDAzm s|k>[> >VzD. M_, km [m\ gVm. km k k_\z x[V^ >zMm, k[ [\ aBVm W]k[ [>kV|D >VkV|D u ED>V] kzk]_ \g>KD g[t WD V^k>V| km \VE\zx[V_ xD >zMB >BVV \Vko\BDV|m.

\ D:\ D:\ D:\ D:\ D: B >\ k. m V V]KD ] V]KD kBVzD E uA>\V wB^, zV][ gD]_ \m VB xD mk. nBV! > zflE \BV>! u|D k \ kB QVJ|m. \M>z \D Dsm >m cuV cs

D mzBkD s| >m TomW>\Vk m _KD g> k>D >>D m QVJ|m. > cD am VzDVm u|D \m\D \{>D>V| x \M> JxD kV c V zB VzD BV WkD, > Z][sz |D WkD \x[ V|km. >\][ [V_ \m VzD WBu

km cB] km VzD m { flB s|m; k^ sam V >> V|m.

\Az \uV EDxD c^m. \M> g\VkVm

78 79

EB kV>^EB kV>^


43/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

B_ _Bu w[ ]D\V g|m. VmD wz \V>, Vz V_ W] Bk V m >m VkB ]Am.

>B k_\t kfl FD, > V>c cB >V[ kz> ]l_ KmkM[

\\l_ l> kD, am V\VB m

VKtmD >m k> ]], "_V'- > m kmD s _Vk tBk[ D Fm. \M>[ >m

D , >m k[ x[ >VV W[,

_V VzD W] Bk, "_Dmo_V' Ak>[ JD k cB]

|mV[.

""c[B kzVD;c[M\ c>s >|VD'' (1:5) D Fk>[JD km >M> k_\lomD, mBu \

lomD Vu gEB]V]omD c>s>|V[. \uD fi]K^ m D [>kV >m T>D ku >[\BD k\BD kV k_kM[ W>V]_

\>kV z _V[. km kBBu

]V>D Wu W> k_\BD u ""qV B_ D' >m m] FV[. [\

aBV> km w[ x[D, [\ \VV> AM>tz>[\^ x[D, g]B>t_Vm W]zD

mkD x[AD qm Fm, >m ku ^tk

|m V| B m kmD s|s|V[ \M>[. "qV B_ V'' |mk>[ JD k[ >m k k_\ V

m VVKtmD TflElomDVuk[ [> c] Fm |mV[.

[ _V k[ [>D xD\ (v_) k^] #> [>D >m >]_ c]|mV[. >V| t gw\V kV> V| [\aBV> >m m]Fm, >mD B mD AM>tz V KmV[. |m,`_ (v_) k^ *m AM> vkV> {mk>[ JD>V[ [Vz kwB kVz]BD () >V[[V [uBk[ [>D c] FV[.>m ~\V Amm VEfl Fx\V fi\D V> \l_ kV xD, z]D,

VVD kVxD ]O\V xl_ z|>|^> k>VMm, >[ BmzB >V k [> >VE|mV[. |m, >z kk_\^ kMD _k>uV kaB V>>, k ]]|> >kBVku u>>,V o[ s sBVBVD F> xD\_ (v_) k[ mk> k[ >VE|mV[. \ >Vk>[m m>V[. \ ]_

Wku kB >V kV ]BV #B\ [>D, mk k EAD [xD c^ [>D m > u V^ \W>D B_ [>D m > ] t sBD[>D m > WBu c_ >VA V>\zflEB u|mD B_ [>D s >kD\M>[ \M>B\ uk[ [m>V[ m.

Vs[ D kDVm kV s|m. V^V][m BVD kV]om \m cD[ \l_ t| s|m. k k_\D \\D tk[ >m ]V][ ]B V| sKD k oKD Owm V|km km \u

80 81

EB kV>^EB kV>^


44/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

V sB>z VB> QVJ|m. QV

x^kM[, BD ]D >m x\BV|V_ km \V\V kflFD Vu mkVzD. > V|, VV][ fl > V M> cuV\u kVV zV]_\VuV[. \V| VVm fiEB ^ VkV>V| m u| s|DVm, s]_\]mD kVsmD V[ xuKD \Vu\VkV c V|km k>uV ka\zDsB>z AM> B QVJ|m. WBu, zB,

>VkV > c> >m Vu_t BV_azD kVmD tlmD VM[ ]kzD B_, >[ JD k|D km wz, V[ \{xD VF kD, >V| kBVzDBt WBV \\ cz mD fl>]_ QVmz k[. > fi][ V>V[,>[ c\BV ]V, >[ c\BV [AzDkmzD V]\Vk[ \V]\ k zkV

o_ OwskVD \_ OwskVD xD. k[ A>> A|km V[s>D zkV A|k>V| k >D FV[, A|>D FV[, >kBVVm \VuDFV[.

WBV BV\lKD T]KD, WBV k\lKD >klKD, ^ > ]V> u fl

V^k]_ gmD, _k ka_ c>|V|D c^ \M> g\V V >Vkm ]. >Vl_ kD m c^m: VD(NvVD) \Va>m V[ \M>[ \VaV[."

""V[ am VBku sD

\V[.'' (6:76)

>V| kmzD W> [AzB \V>

kM[ l_ mg JD VmVk_ >|V[. > W

Bu amVB ^ >; |\BV ]V

>B c_ > kD k[, VmD W]

BkMD V]V[. _V[ Vu

k EBD k>V ku VD Wu

[ABVMtm KD N>VB][ BD

>V|, > V| >m ]VmV

V>B Bfl Fm zDD wAV

KD cu [ *V sBVKD u|D mB

D \VBD guDD, >[ W>

\flEl_ gmDD V[.

\M>[ D >uVo\V x c\ \m s|

V[; czD k \m s|m. >m >V_ >D

m \D ku VM[ W]l_ V

m \[V, W]BD EB \Wz Vk>uzx[, V_ >m ] \BV V >VB

WkuV[. >ul_ c_ >BV \Vu

^ W]>VKD k[ Vu k c s|D

mzV[. >m VV> zA A>D J|k>uz

x[, (>Vkm k[ W]l_ zD V]_ W^

u kMD ^s z \VVm.) ]_

B [\ m V^D x\V k[

>Vl_ ~||V[. >Vkm, >V[ EzD mkmD mm W> [AzD kmzD

V]\VkM[ W]l_ \l|V[. >V[ B]B

m T\V AD mm kk_\

82 83

EB kV>^EB kV>^


45/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^

V k_kM[ W]l_ \l|k>V|, A

[ m flD >D m yzomDka|omD >[ VmVzD ku

BVMD \[V|V[.

k[ `m_ V]VkV| gDV[. VVW>, >k^, Az >Bu

Am, kz \> s|m, mcD Vom EzD A_ g*Am m] FV[. k ]k mkD u

xuKD >kBu k_ VB[ k. >[ z k[x[m

(FBV Am- c[B kzVD)

>m D V[. >Vkm, k[ EBkVD

xB\ukVD kMVukVD >VKDkV[ V \\V[ ]][>zD >VA V\V \M>[, fi][

]B s>VlmD >V ]VlmD >mz

cBV[.

(FBV Am k FBV >~[)

[ k>[ J\V, m ^ VVD_Vz kD KmV[. >V| fi][m \V\V ]mD mD c>sBk|V[.

(] LV>_ x>D)

k>[ JD, W> \flEB ~>D tV V>l_ Km\V V]V[.

z k[, t #F\BVkM[ \VE\ u E]

V[. W] V|^ >VkD szD V[\m [^ B[D t>\V VE >D ]D km z x\BV ||, Vbk ^ V[D, c\D >z s|]z VFfl

E V|D m m u gw\V gVFV[."_V ' zfl _V[. s]_ m mD \V\V ED

>_ (q) u k[ E]V[. >Vkm,

,""gz'' (_V: 117) [ >kV kxD kV uV|D _VkBV

D [, tD fixD zD |VAD WDB ]BV Vbk V_

z m >\z s] VA W

kuB [ \kV czzfl (gx_ ) ["_V ' qm F[. [k> VD zDVm, > ^ *|D

"gz' [ VD ] |D \V]

BV xl_, cl| >\m ]]BV_ s]|D \ *|D A]>V Wku >BVV km

]| Wu> Vm, xBmk\u \M>D"_V ' q]_ sV[. mkx^

BV[, Wu [A^ wM[ W]l_, > Wl_ k[*m V>_ V|, >V\

D >[M \> lAD \M>[ q]_ sV[. >Vkm k[ k g[* u> V[.

V >VB Wkuk>[m > EADBxD t [D >D B_; m > cBD\]AD \WD V>V|D t, V|VV

|m V^ xBV> \]t \ [> ^

Vm >kV sl^ DA[.

k, nk >Vl_ kV[zD s]|^ D kV \V\V AEl[

84 85

EB kV>^EB kV>^


46/57

B k > ^B k > ^

BVD [mD cB\]A^ >FT klmDV Z]BV BmD |mV| [mDz>k. > kl_, \BV zD

l_ k V >> xD\ (v_) k^ *mD

km z|D] >Vw^ k*mD vVxDvkVmD kVBV, t BV _V!

""WflB\V >V z _ (>kVm)Wku kB \BVk skVE^ *m s]|^m.'' (WvV: 103)

>k kVV\V, kB]KD >]KD cB>

\M>[ [MD V: "">V [m ]BVm>V[. gV_ kV VD nm D >Vmx>[m \tm. >uz xk _V>>V_

V u|m.''

> \M>[ V[ [ V[ mg\VsD sB> Vm > ]B m

>>m. m g\Vk *|D V>Vm, VD_ t

nk >Vl[ z> D QVx^BVzD.

"" t #F\BVk[; z s>ku >s(kV[D) V^ BVD. WflB\V B [>VDQVxBV\V VF.'' (_V: 32)

BV _V! cm BVz gVVD ka

VBVD c[ m V^km uD c[kzk>[ x uD u>uV B, cm ]

V\[ V> kB|>VD k> fi

][ EBD c^B A>> sBVBVD cm wV \B ]DDV_ W[ x

m {VD kV>l[ x>_ >D

>Vl[ xBmkD

86 87

.

EB kV>^EB kV>^


47/57

> >

Vm_ > kV> >VMtm m uV^k> | V[. > kV> q_D\VV>V[ u V|] k|D _m

>VV_ # k|D. k V[ [:""m g\V y\B #|k>V_, k >[ ]]V^D k kV_ \uk ]]s xBVm.

gBV_ x>o_ V[ [ ]> xBuE[....''

V[ [: ""m g\Vk! cm kB xV^

>D V\VD cm c>V]mD V|VmD

]oVD kl > kV> V ]Vnm flz s\|VBV!

x>_ fl

m a> g\Vk! V[ [, cm kV

W>\V>V? |> kD, [ V WflB\V cl

kVkVF [> \ xBVm >VE|mD >Vkmgk^ c[MD c^kV? _V VzD

kVkVF [ uBV cz VD >m? cmxV V>V_ >V c [ W>

\Vk sm Vm V_ >V[m. cm

kV \Vm, m zV^ _V\_ kVm[ sB> Am VV_, cm m V[z\_ \ > zkV, u V^

> t BV >VV s|km

E\tVm. c\l_, c\BV W> \flEB

>k_ >V Vz ]V \mz^ Am >DD u V^> g>>D #s|k> VVF.

VD fl

klu zD m g\Vk! kV VD V V|, > ] VuD kVEVF.m cz Vk u|m>V? gk]_. [>\V, >k *|D *|D kDVm > x\m[ WkuV_ m Vz ]V >DB>D. >V[>V[, nk >V cz VmD VD u|> Vm. M_, m cKzDc^mzD >kBV gV>D kVs[ D mcD TKD m c^]KD g[\VsKD kEzDcm [ VuD >[D k]m.c\BVk, W> \k>BVKD kBVKD| xs_V gVKD ]VAVKDk|^ >Bmz >kBV fl>D>D ku V[ Wu [ABVm>kD mg JD > ]> u V^ xD.s^ u|DVm m AD > Vcs|D m> ]l_ sD cl[

>Vu g[\Vs[ kV nk >VV Wu \VM[ >V> V ]DAk>[JD u V^ xD. saAflE^ cADVt mAD B__ \V>u WBVkVk sDBk. k WBV kVVk|^. k g]B>t_V> VBM[ ]D^ V[^>V|, k _Buk \[\D ]\D Vk. gBV_ \k>,

>V_s, ^, \VuD, V>\V W\ \Vu^\uD ^ > Jfl ]D cW[ VmDWflB\V A]B Vu kVE k V|[. >Vl[ kVlVk > kVE xD.

88 89

EB kV>^EB kV>^


48/57

J[VD fl

V\Bu m g\Vk! > V]_ kD V\V u i^, >Vl_ xD

V|> >^, >V_ ckV >V>^

gBku Wm k>|kmD, ]V k][

\^, >Vl[ \, aV_ u

VzD k V[ku u Fm V\lwm

>|\Vkm V>\V>V? V\lwm Bu|D

k { ku Vbk >]z Vk. V

]_ xDx >Vz>_ u V>Vmkm km sV]_ l| V>

] km BV| m V| >

|]Bm. l> VmD mz \]

mA k k>V. >V_ km \]B

z]l_ > D z[sm. >V_, m

sV]_ k ]^ _V]>VmD

z]z ]kVF> B l_ ~|

|D >V. Vm \]B z]l[D kzkV zm sm. > m V

] c \]B z] *m VB >Vz> >V|m >

\\V sV[.

gD, > ]VF. u[ E\^ [

BV \Vu|^. mBD [ \ >

Wum. iD V \VuD u^m. Wl_

VkB Vm. \VV Am >DAD A#xD u

x[ k|D. ]VD [D km s_.

gBV_ ]V flE u Wm VDKD

VD km kD ]BV>\VzD. m

]V EBD >V>D Wm TV m AD

Akm V[VzD. ]BD mk[>V_, W>V\V BVE

VBVV_ k kaV| sB]_ [B u

\V]\ E]m V>\V>VzD. ""V[ [D >D c[> \BV[ Wkuk>uV m \> s|[. >[ oBV]B>m; >[ E\V u\Vk'' V^. Vm cm V t[\ MV B>\V \VuD D.

g, m V\lw> g\Vk! J[ sB_V\ \|^VF. [, k kaV|_ V\ _; |, VkD >s]_ V\_; J[, mB[Vm V\ _. c[MD\ V[, > J[VD fll_ z c>V> cm kaVBV |mV^.g\BV| ""] V\^k!'' . >V|J[ k V\BD Vu V^. >kV

kal_ T]om c[ V\l[ ]^ >|z\VV_, >kV i>D xV^ mk Vm\V>VzD. k, V\l[ ] u mV^.

V[VD flm ku g\Vk! \V \^ BV\u

mD >s> ]VxD V>kD ]B

>VV ku WzDVm cz V u|m? k cz Vu >V > > _m k\V|> VV_, k c[ Vlom \Vk kFB W]V. D _V\_ k Fm

90 91


49/57

EB kV>^EB kV>^


50/57

xms|D'' [V. >uz , ""[V_ k xBVm.

k>V_ m m Wt ]B> wm s|k[''

]_ >V_ m k xV^>\V B_ [>B zs_ Am V^VD. >s>\V>V[ >

>V]_ cm kVVB> > V^ kFVF. nk >VB sV_,cm xBuE[ V[^ kVs[ xBmkxD gkx\u kV V[ \|D \||>| s|D. >uz \Vu\V cm {F >VlKD V>lKD a>V_, k g[\V

z \]BD c^mz V>>D >D. >V|>[ JD | | V^kVF. [, cmc kVk \s>uV V> m >mVzD. |>m, cm \\ kVz >kBVkVkV>V>D k]D cV fiEB|]kzD.

x>_ D:x>_ D:x>_ D:x>_ D:x>_ D: cm T| >V]_ |D

>D _m M>D \ c #F\BV| VV_ k _Vk Am V|D m]lmD |mk]mD [\om Dz] c kmD.

VD D:VD D:VD D:VD D:VD D: cm >V][ sfl_\M>V, t\V, V_V, VV, DV|m kVzkV _m ]V k cVKD [V V|zD oB ~ >D. gV_, BVW>. >Vkm [\m VkM[ V][VVV W[ km V gV>sWBVzD BB F[ [ D c[M]_ k|D.

nk >VB s|[ k B wAz gVV[ [> VV. k xB\V>V V> k[ wV[? >V|, km xBuE >Vk>uz >kBV ] cuV>V|zD k D D

w>V|, BVuD \Vko\BD wV[.

k kzVm W\BB V. k xm\B

DVm , \D >m, >VD k]_

s> BVxD _ [ xz kkV.

""]om [ BVD Vm? VV

Vu V]_ \m s|k[. k, > i

| ]_ ~||k]_>V[ [ BVD?'' BVE

V. >[JD >[ VzD >M\zD gV

V^kV. gV_, > x>_ \M>V V[ WflB\V k

kaV|KD m >VaoKD cwA[ Bu

|, Bk ]\V V> m z

xBuE[; m \\ kVz >kBV t|\ ]\V ] V^k['' kV.

\V:\V:\V:\V:\V: m g\Vk! uB V^ c[Mtm

su sm. Vl[ V>VV c[V_ g

x\[>uV > c>kV>xt_. k, c

zBm [B kV V\VzD. gBV_, >[

\ >BVkm >|m \]V _m

>V sV m V^k>uV B[|]V^. m c\BV D W> ]V> ku

V^k>uV J>> cV m| Fm kzD.

kV A]B VD cVD \uBVzD A]B

94 95

EB kV>^EB kV>^


51/57

cmV kVl ]m >k>V \m^. >

V_ >VB WkuVsV_, m D k

xD W> VV c[ s|D m [, V^

_VD ] EV V_ c ]V VE D.

kV \M>D V>\_ kV VD

kzB ]B\V c\V \[. ][ B_A \B Vm [> flEB

c[ kV V>Vm c^xD >\y\VM[. D\V \Vl[ D Vl_ | ]ozDVm Vl[ k]

Vk ]ozD. V V >V_\V V >[|D, m EkV >V_ \VD EkV >[|D. >V| > Vl[ >

> VmD \Vl_ ]A s]BV\VzD. mtmkV |xu>V_ \V wV ]ozD.

_VsV_ m E\Vk VE >D. tOB\V> m |xV>V V|m. c[

EB cD |xV>V >V]KD >[ kk>cm >B>D \>D BuV|D kVD V| D\|] V^ xD. m cz

VV g V^k>[ VA cm l c^m. nk >VB \\V Wku sDV_>[ JD t V[ D ]DV_ ]

VV> s>\V cm EB cD \B\Vk> VVF.> V>V[ >VB t[szzD cm

c#F\B ]zD ck\BV |>V_ k

|D m VFflD BVm VzD s u s|m. m[ am^ c[ zw]uz\]l_ WmVzD \Vu^, W^ gB

>> zVD V>VF >D k y>QVxD >FT ]l[ > >x^ s]D[> s V^kVF. W> kom

k fl F[.

sB cm >B>D cm ]B

\V c>D V_ m fl FD;>[ fl ^ czD VV m kazD.

fl!

m >VzD B>V>k\V >VzD

> >VAD BVm. sD AVk

xBVm VmD sV>. M_ ~> \][s> >m VuV_ \> k c>kmV_ cm

>VD >[ ]V s> k c>D. ]K^ BV s]BVD >[ >VD s>VDV|D s]BVD>V[. c>Vmz _Vz

\V ko_Vs[ >Vz \uB Vlom VD m. mV_, cmD mD>V^ Vlom >V[ FD.Ek m \zD AV]zD. c\l_ c

#F\BV|D B]BV|D Wku|D >V

WDB>V V|D. > >]_ \mV|D EB> kV c^xD c>V[

Fm. D kV >VBVlmD c

#F\l[ >mzD ][ zu >Vl[ VD k|D. ~>D s>zD x

\BV km x]flEu ~>\mzD l_ k

96 97

EB kV>^EB kV>^


52/57

V| c^m. >[ kV kflE xD [BV[

s]BV|^. >V[>V[ >VBV >m

m kt g\Vk! [t>V| \\B x\BV \m, c \V]D >|k]_ xDx\V VF. V|V[ gw]_ Tm

sVF. BV ]VF [m cz >\V? yVa Vk[! m k mD >Mm. gV_ xBVm. k >m >B A>

m V^m. >m > Wmz^VF D J|^>V_ >V[ _ ms>VD >m s

>VD Wm. gV_, c\l_ >[ x cKD

kz >m [ c\ yVaz >BVm.

m g\Vk kD ck\B m kMm V!

VkB zB cz[ \V]D \||]

k>V_ \V\V g>> ] V >D

k>BV \Vus|m. c>V]uz. "VV' D

V\]_ ^ [. k[ km 99

T> ^ k m >V[_ \Vzfl [

VzD WD\]D W> kVD m[.

k >^V. k ss_ [ s|kV. >[ V\V D\M> xD >V[

u Wm Wm g| VV. ""D

>V[_ VVD'' kz V_ \flE

\V_ m^ z]V. Vkm V>

\_ 99 T>\V km ^ sB>B m

[ s. ]_ E \V|VF k EV k

]V[VD kV>l[ x

kVl[ WBu >[\

.>V J\V kflEBm \ cBm _KDkV kflExD ] EkVF>>VD Vt>VD V|[. l kV]KD > ]B V>V[ Fm.

ku VD Wu [ABV\VB

_Vs[ ]V\>V_ gDD.

""\KD, kV \Vu B (u) [>

>s k_.'' (3: 185) V|VV[ []_ V|zDfl c>D

98 99

c>V v~ LB V>B mB Ek>,>VA^ m \V V\\ VVkVzD. VV_ k > VtB V\\V \VuB\>V[m z>m.

EB kV>^EB kV>^


53/57

V_ kVkD VxBV>, |>km Vk

z V> #]uzfl [ s. >m ^

kD mB[ _zfl [s D\M>

u V. k kal_Vm >m [

k \>uV fiE^ BV V|

\ g>_ D Vz[ D\M>[ B

>D k gDV kt \M>.

m g\Vk! _Vs[ V cm m

D B kVzfl [ s. fiE

^ {kD ss_ [ s|kV^. k,\> | fiV>! Wm ]BBV>!!

>zBV>!!! g\[ >Wtm V,

m uzD V> ^, \[ \>

Vm A[ F. fl, kVl_ V|VV

m > VD V_ gsV>!

m g[\Vk! ""Vm VD \Vsm; xuV

> V[_. m \M>D c kVs[ gwm s, k^ >B [.

>\m gV> >|k]_ V>RV V[

ztzD ]['' [ xuV>. M_,

\D k>V[ FD; wAD sD

VmD >Vm. >V_ k W> kVBV

\VuD k Vm. \M>m ku WD BV\

D zk>uz]V V _KD; \M>M[

BD mVm; \VV m k\Bk FD.

""VD B \M>^ V[>V['' sV>.

[ >\V? k^ kD cm kB k

kV^. kD mB[Vm \M>_ >W[ k

D g>_ >|km [mD k>V[. \KD,

c[s_ >WuzD >] k VmD ]

sV>. > cD D s] s|]B QV

V| V>V_ ]K^ >kV kmD

\V _m zVV _V\_ \k]_ [

>D k [VV[ > Wuk [>D

V VVF. k, W\ kVzDVm

kV \V]D > zzD zVzD kl_

kV > xD? D^ V[ Bu >D x[[ >Vu W_. c>V]uz[ |m V^. > t m^ BV. _k k kflEB V szDk V V >VkD flE>\V\| VV^ _Vm tl[>Vu> \|D uA>> V. >[ E] >B_kD \V>D? >Vk^, Bu k^ VVV xBV> | \|^ kk V.

]_ >mDAD >>D QV>D >V. Ast ]BV ] k]_ ]m \F\m w_]_ ~||D >k >^ V[ _w[ VzD c[> uA>> V!

W\ kV zDVm, \l_ W>DD (ml[ * _ Vm > DDz> m >m.) k\ x[[ >V_V>

] >D \V]\ V]kV]BVk |> xD. gV_, W\ kV_. \M>[]KD zV xt[[ VkmD V|VVkVlD \ >V xBVm t ]m^m.

100 101

EB kV>^EB kV>^


54/57

m zVu>V _m ] WkV _. >V_|D V]AzD V_VV mBmzD gV \M>

z ]X BVm V]kV]^ xD? km flB_ t D >kVzD. DzuD [B k^ w[.

c\BVk W^ mD BVkuD

[> ku VM[ gB [. xt[zfl V>\V >uVo WBuVm #B [VV \Vu, kz W>

o m V>uV>V uVB^ [ >[JD u|mV[. kz[ \>[ JD ckVzD Vk uoBV \Vuk>uV BE>\ kBVzD. \M>[ >m [ \>B_ J\V k>_ D E\V xV\ E

V>: x[umzD \flEz\V V>D

""\M>! cB ^ kz^;k[ >Bk[ [V_ cD cz x[M>VD >V[; (>V_) ^ B]BVVVD.''

""k, cV t\ sVD kV> xVD \m kV]M[D (k) \wBVasm, > V| M kom czck k|]V[. (> c\B_VD) ^

(>kV) m V zD Wl_ _Vz gVy^.'' (2: 21-22)

V>> \M>M[ ~\V ]|mm._Vs[ >kBV ~\VMB A V>> c^]_ k[flFm. ~\VMB AV >> \flVE, z>kfl V>\V BVzD A gBkuD V>

c]|mm. k |D V> J\V V kVsV_ m s> >x\u>VT\Vk ms|D. xoD cD\][ >uV>BW >B Tz|^m. V> >|km _Vs[ k_ x\BV u>VzD.

>s>\V mD \mD WD\]VV>D V> gzD. ~KD skVfl V

\m V^k>uV V>xD >M\M> Z]BV V| km V^k>uzD Ei> u V^k>uz\V V>xD V>>. x \M> x\ Ek>uV kaB V>> u>[m. V

kwB tl[ x \Bfl FmsV[.\M>z k|] V| t >m c\BV > V^ kV>V[ Vm.z VM[ gB V| E>m x\BV >|mD. _Vs[ g

kz u>V m zal_ >^s|D.[ BV V, >V! >fl k]_ km>s|^.'' wzD.

102 103

EB kV>^EB kV>^


55/57

zD BVztl_ BV V>JD u V^ xD.

V> c \flEV V>\V \m?

x>Vkm:

\M>[ t VmBxD EB_AD VkVk|^V[. m k B om k|] ]B|] V|[m. >fl EB_A V\V \M>^ VkD _k kBV

ku[ *>V gD \VV V|[. c>V\V k[ ]KD E> >D t wVku\ V|V[. >V| \VxD \BV>D VmV|DkVBB k[ sDA[V[. (m>V[ Vm kVs]. Ek { s]szD VD.)

kMD E> ck c>uzD E> gBk>uz\V g WDlm V_, km B>k Wkuk>uz\V gD WD^m.k[ wBD E] D E[V[; _k ^ WDB A Vm E g|V[. >B g^ kMD mD ku]FB >kBV VD >m BVk> ym V^k>uV EuD >VVk >kBV kVu_ kMD _. kk[ >m \M>[ mB V W]|V[; kl_ mwAD ][[\VuxD Wm. >[ skV k[ |>k^ ]BV[.

D \M>^ V|D VkD, gVD

V[k kKkV>VzD. kMD V|D z>DkKkV>VzD. km V[ >B kKt

gu_ \M>z V|m, _m yB> >k>uV y\V\|zD guD V|m, k >]\V s|^V[. > gu BVzD >mkVk \M> M| V^|D [>uV fl Fm^V[. MD \M>z V||^]Vm kB>VzD. k[ kuwBV cBV>V_ \M>l_ V|V[\D VxD Vfl[. k

lV c am^m. \M>^ >\m cw[ V[ >\l_ V \V V^k>uzD,V|\ wV >|m Wmk>uz\V \M> z]uz V\u ]BV xBV[ >k|m.gV_ \M>M[ >M z> >B ] B| ]VBu>Vk c^>V_ kzDVmkV V stB^ >k|[m. ]om\M>zD kaV_ xD. > V stB

^ VkBV > xuKD V>\V>VzD. > Vfl Vk>V[ Zg [>VzD.

z >fl VkB ]Vk\V sBVBVD Fk>uzD s]V| x|]|mV|k>uzD >\^ VAkVF> ]Vk >k|V. > ]VB (v__VN kv_D) kVzD. (v__V Nkv_D) k^ >V Z> xl_ |mV xuKD >^k [> W>uVV^ \uD g[t Z]BV EA >[\D kDm kEBD. >B c^ \uD kB EA>[\ B B \M>[ kVs_ _kVzfl

104 105

EB kV>^EB kV>^


56/57

KmD Wz cB>k_k. >V_ kzD\M>[ VzD l_ B c c^m

> W>uz { BVD >k. > BV\ z V| uA>VzD.

z \M> _Vk fiE km z B k k|\M_, km \VE\uB \]> km c^_ c]BV>V k|D. ~\VM[ EA >[\ kz\]l_ k>[ J\ > u|> xD.

>V EA >[\^ >Vm BVm]\V W]fl Fk>uz >VflEBV W>V> [ ka.

Vkm:

V>][ VD \M> c^ y> QVx^VM[ D ]Ak>VzD. > QVx^kV km BV[ c^ ]B>[ ]

Vk >KD |V|D ckV[. BV[>m \Vz Vm x\BV VVVm k[ \V V \Az c|V[. Vm BV[ V][ \Az c|VV Vm QV][ cm^kBV[. V][ _ V|D uA>tz E] kV|Vk > QVD

k|m [> k>VM xD.

J[Vkm:

\M>[ >] VBVBDV_ V[. m AD k \B\V k> \

|^. Bul[ D V> gD_Vs[ [ ]D k \B\V

k> kBV[. gBV_ k[ fl\V u mV^km t kEB\VzD.Vm>V[ V Bmz >kBV kK >l[fl _KD. u Vm, c _z FB m>V_ c B]][ l_ k[ am VkV[. _Vs[ k_Ds_D V> F>k[ J\ s>Du >uV > kV_ uV^ xD.

V[Vkm:

[\B |mD y\B >smD >[ J\Vk J][ _k >>BVD D | s|V. >M >[JD \V

> kVD xfl Jmz\ [B

B \V> kk\V \VV. >Vkm _k kBV

c\^ V> VAD BmzB D

D kaV_D V>D ]>D Jmz uV|zD VA^kV k

\VV. _Vs[ z xuV m

kVD >B \M> k J]_ _VsV_

\u VA^ x>Vk c>VD FB|

s|D.

n>Vkm:

V][ J\VD V>][ J\VD xoD

|> xoD[ xBV> c]BV >]_

OwV. >[ BV kl_ xBV>

106 107

EB kV>^EB kV>^


57/57

V>mkxD E>xD ckV[. WflB\V

J][ x[umzD mz\V x>[\BV

]BkEB A^ V>mkxD >x\VzD.

V> >M Z]BV s]BD ED

kV u>m [>uV sD

\M>[ ]Z]BV EB [mD ]Bu

T\V A [mD c\B. t> V[

>V k[ D >|m. D k[

]c[> g[\VkD sV\V kVFA kD

>[^ V|^V[: >V> gD, _

Bu kVD V> D >[^

V|^V[. >V_ Vk_, gVD V[

km ]t >[\zD > >D BVm.

km B_A > sBAzB>[V_, m

clmD, m cmD k>V [m V[ VEBV[.

k, km > c[> g[\Vk skBfl

Fkm V>>. km gu_ kVm

s]BBfl FkmD > V>>. km g

k|] V, _ku >|m V>>VzD.

km kV kVzkmD V>>. km E>

|] V kal_ KmkmD V>>.

km VkD gV>D ||]

|mkmD V>>. km c \uD ] Z]BV

108 109

>[\_ m^ mA Fm D\

|mkmD V>. km c B][ EA WB

FmV^k>uz c>kmD V>>. BVzD A

zD l_ c]BV u|], kms|D ] V>m c|. WflB\V c_VD ]B> c mkBVzD.

QVJ_:

c#F\B V>][ clVBVzD. _Vs[

z m \V]D FB|D V>>c#F\[ B V>>VzD. k kBV [

D VD ]u V| V>> W

ku xuV_ m _KBu>VzD. V> J\Vu|D kBV V[^ k V>>V cuVJVD. gV_ V> Fk>uVVD VmD mkV xBVm.

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