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Smart Grid Architectures and Applications for Consumer Sectors

Tariq Samad, Ph.D.Corporate Fellow Honeywell Automation and Control SolutionsMember, NIST SGIP Governing [email protected]

Sophia Antipolis, 6 April 2011

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• Smart grids “beyond the meter”: the consumer connection• Successful applications in commercial and industrial sectors• Smart grids and the home• Conclusions

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Document control number

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Smart grid conceptual diagrams

Central Power Plant

NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel

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Offices

Storage

Virtual Power Plant

Wind Turbines

Fuel Cells

CHP

Houses

Micro-turbines

Industrial Plants

SmartGrids European Technology Program

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Smart Grids and Consumer Sectors

• End-use applications – energy efficiency– direct load control– demand response– . . . and others (EVs/PHEVs, distributed generation, microgrids, . . .)

• Substantial benefits being realized today

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• Substantial benefits being realized today– with existing infrastructure– utility / third-party / consumer system architectures– primarily, but not exclusively, for large commercial and industrial

• Lack of standardization limiting deployments in many cases

Next steps: standardization, expansion, residential and small commercial sectors

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Energy Efficiency and Peak Reduction• Honeywell Novar keeps energy consumption

and costs low for multi-site businesses and reduces peak loads for utilities

– 6 GW of load in U.S.

• Novar multi-site customers include:– Walmart, Office Depot, Home Depot, Carrefour

• Internet and standard protocols used

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• Typical results– 20 – 40% improvement in energy efficiency and

maintenance costs– 10 – 20% reduction in peak use

• Analysis and feedback– comparison between buildings and to baseline– root cause analysis– maintenance and operational recommendations

Secure cloud-based energy management with existing communication infrastructure

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10050

100

150

200

250

300

KW

Interval

Site: 89, comparison against model, unusual usage highlighted

8/29/2009

ReferenceModel

High Usage

www.novar.com

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Automated Demand Response (OpenADR Protocol)

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OpenADR standardization underway: SGIP PAP 09 (DR and DER signals)

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Example of a Typical Event

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Summer Time Shed In California

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• Project Implementation• Operating Center

• Customer Acquisition and Deployment

• Reporting

• CPP Tariff Creation• System Planning• Event Notification• Incentive Payment

2009 American Recovery & Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Sm art Grid Grant $11.4M DOE-funded; $22.8M total project

DOE Smart Grid Investment Grant Award

Southern California Edison (SCE)

U.S. Department of Energy

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• Reporting• Incentive Payment• Regulatory Reporting

700 SCE Customers (80 MW – Auto-DR)• > 200KW Use

• Program Participation Agreement• DR Specific Programming Change to BAS• Individual Event Participation or Opt Out

JACE Controllers• Integration with

Existing BAS• Customer Dashboard

DR Automation System (DRAS)

• Event Control• Information Dashboards

• Reporting

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Industrial smart grid application (1)

Internet

FacilityESI

C&I smart grid example:On NYISO request, a Lafarge cement processing plant in NY shuts down rock crushers—up to 22 MW.

NYISO

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EMS

Load-1 Load-n. . .

Met

er*

ESI

Rock crushers

down rock crushers—up to 22 MW. Plant production can continue with stockpiled crushed rock. EMS calculates load curtailment and submissions to NYISO; payment can occur automatically. Lafarge also participates in NYISO’s Day-Ahead Demand Response Program—scheduling maintenance during high-priced periods. $2M additional revenue (by early 2005). Proc. 27 th Industrial Energy Technology Conf., 2005

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C&I smart grid example:Alcoa Power Generation, Inc. participates in the MISO wholesale market by providing regulation of

Industrial smart grid application (2)

Internet / ISDN /

Tel.Midwest ISO

FacilityESI

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market by providing regulation of up to 25 MW as an ancillary service through control of smelter loads at Alcoa’s Warwick Plant (Indiana). APGI is reimbursed for load modulation as if the energy was generated. Total facility load is 550 MW. More than15 GW of regulation capability is available in U.S. industry. Additional capability exists for other ancillary services. http://info.ornl.gov/sites/publications/files/Pub13 833.pdf

EMS

Load-1 Load-n. . .

Met

er*

ESI

Aluminum smelter loads

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Smart Grid: Residential Perspective

Utility Home Energy Manager

ExistingNetwork

Infrastructure

Broadband, WiFi,Cellular, etc.

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Manager

GeothermalSolar PHEV

Simple, easy-to-use, secure and efficient solutions using existing infrastructure

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Residential Applications Today

Baltimore Gas & Electric residential Demand Response Infrastructure (DRI) program

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• Target participation:– almost 50 percent of eligible BGE customers– 450,000 homes with central air conditioning– 160,000 homes with electric water heaters

• Target reduction:– 600 MW of peak reduction– equivalent to a mid-sized power plant

Honeywell UtilityPRO – digital touchscreen thermostat designed for demand response programs

1GW peak load reduction achieved nationwide today

Demand response and load control for homes

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Home Energy Manager Concept

Security

HVAC

Occupancy/Activity

Current/ Forecast Weather

Internet

User Interface / Portals/ SmartPhones

Pool pump

H2O

Continuous Load(highly correlated with peak)

Zwave

ZigBee/Wifi Zwave

Zig

Bee

WiF

i

Cel

lula

r

Eth

erne

t

WiF

i

Zig

Bee

/WiF

i/Zw

ave

Home Energy ManagerHome Energy Manager

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Consumer Electronics

Smart Appliances

Security System

Utility

Wireless Outlet

Meters

Lighting

Utility Interface

1. Interoperable communications2. Intuitive user Interface3. Set-and-forget controls 4. Single interface for utility

Intermittent Load

ZigBee

ZigBee

Zwave

WiFi

Zigbee orProprietary

ZigBee or PLC

ZwaveZigBee/Wifi

HEM Characteristics

Renewables

Storage

Electric Vehicles

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Promoting Consumer-Sector Standards• Energy Information Standards Alliance: Companies that provide products and

services in energy management systems and smart grid technologies– covering all end-use sectors– members include Cimetrics, Delta Controls, Echelon, Emerson Network Power,

Ingersoll Rand, Honeywell, Johnson Controls, Purdue University, Rockwell Automation

• Facilitating standardization activities within SGIP– SGIP PAP10, Standard Energy Usage Information

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– SGIP PAP17: Facility Smart Grid Information Standard– ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 201; information model for utility/customer

interactions

• Several use cases defined, e.g.:– Measure Present Demand, Energy Cost, Emissions and Consumption for Display– Balance Power Purchases between Utility and On-site Generation– Manage Power Demand to Minimize Cost– Load Control by an External Source– Response to Price Signal

www.eisalliance.org

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Conclusions

• The vast majority (90+ %) of electricity generated in developed economies is consumed in end-use sectors– more attention needed for the “beyond the meter” side of smart grids

• Commercial and industrial sectors are already demonstrating the value of smart grid applications– reliance on existing infrastructure, not AMI networks

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– reliance on existing infrastructure, not AMI networks– benefits realized for utilities, system operators, consumers

• International deployments underway as well– China, U.K., Australia, . . .

• Model architectures for the residential sector– .smart meter connectivity for near-real-time consumption data

• Custom protocols and architectures in many cases– standardization essential for broad-based deployments

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Questions?

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Tariq SamadHoneywell

+1 763 954 [email protected]

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