software project management

MANAJEMEN PROYEK MANAJEMEN PROYEK PERANGKAT LUNAK (MPPL)PERANGKAT LUNAK (MPPL)Software Project ManagementSoftware Project Management

PengantarPengantar MPPLMPPL

MPPL MPPL -- Pengantar MPPL | Tri A. Kurniawan, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.Pengantar MPPL | Tri A. Kurniawan, S.T., M.T., Ph.D. 22/23/23

TujuanTujuan perkuliahanperkuliahanMemahamiMemahami pengertianpengertian umumumum tentangtentang MPPL MPPL dandanurgensinyaurgensinya dalamdalam pengembanganpengembangan PLPLMemahamiMemahami karakteristikkarakteristik proyekproyek PLPLMemahamiMemahami kriteriakriteria sukses/gagalsukses/gagal sebuahsebuah proyekproyekPLPLMemahamiMemahami problemproblem--problem problem dalamdalam proyekproyek PLPL


AgendaAgenda

PengertianPengertian umumumum: : proyekproyek, , manajemenmanajemen dandan PLPLPengertianPengertian dandan urgensiurgensi MPPLMPPLPerbedaanPerbedaan MPPL MPPL dengandengan proyekproyek lainlainPemangkuPemangku kepentingankepentingan ((stakeholdersstakeholders))AktifitasAktifitas dalamdalam MPPLMPPLKriteriaKriteria kesuksesankesuksesan dandan kegagalankegagalan sebuahsebuahproyekproyek PLPLProblemProblem--problem problem didi dalamdalam proyekproyek PLPL


Project is Project is A specific, finite task to be accomplishedA specific, finite task to be accomplishedA temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish A temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique purposea unique purposeA specific plan or designA specific plan or designA planned undertakingA planned undertaking


Jobs vs. projectsJobs vs. projects

Jobs Jobs repetition of very wellrepetition of very well--defined and well defined and well understood tasks with very little uncertaintyunderstood tasks with very little uncertaintyExploration Exploration e.g. finding a cure for cancer: the outcome e.g. finding a cure for cancer: the outcome is very uncertainis very uncertainProjects Projects in the middle!in the middle!


CharacteristicsCharacteristics

TerdiriTerdiri daridari nonnon--routine tasksroutine tasksAdaAda perencanaanperencanaanAdaAda tujuantujuan yang yang spesifikspesifik yang yang harusharus dicapaidicapai atauatauadaada produkproduk yang yang spesifikspesifik yang yang harusharus dibuatdibuatDibatasiDibatasi oleholeh waktuwaktu dandan sumbersumber dayadayaPekerjaanPekerjaan yang yang dilakukandilakukan untukuntuk melayanimelayanikonsumenkonsumenMelibatkanMelibatkan berbagaiberbagai keahliankeahlianMelibatkanMelibatkan beberapabeberapa fase/tahapanfase/tahapan pekerjaanpekerjaanBerukuranBerukuran besarbesar dandan komplekskompleks


Project dimensionsProject dimensionsPeoplePeopleProcessProcessProductProductProjectProject

People

Project

Product

Process

ManagementStructure

BusinessEnvironment

Tools Methods


Relevant issues (partly)Relevant issues (partly)People People faktorfaktor vitalvital PersonilPersonil yang yang lemahlemah: : motivasimotivasi, skill, skill PenambahanPenambahan orangorang padapada proyekproyek yang yang terlambatterlambat FriksiFriksi antaraantara developer developer dandan konsumenkonsumen KoordinasiKoordinasi dandan komunikasikomunikasi antarantar anggotaanggota timtim

ProcessProcess Requirements volatilityRequirements volatility Domain Domain permasalahanpermasalahan dandan kebutuhankebutuhan konsumenkonsumen PerancanganPerancangan yang yang tidaktidak baikbaik ProsesProses review yang review yang lemahlemah


Relevant issues (partly)Relevant issues (partly)ProductProduct Requirements goldRequirements gold--platingplating Design goldDesign gold--platingplating ResearchResearch--oriented developmentoriented development UnjukUnjuk kerjakerja yang yang rendahrendah

ProjectProject PerencanaanPerencanaan yang yang lemahlemah JadwalJadwal yang yang terlaluterlalu optimistikoptimistik ManajemenManajemen resikoresiko yang yang kurangkurang memadaimemadai ManajemenManajemen kontrolkontrol yang yang kurangkurang baikbaik ManajemenManajemen perubahanperubahan yang yang kurangkurang baikbaik


What is management ?What is management ?

SerangkaianSerangkaian aktifitasaktifitas yang yang meliputimeliputi planning, planning, organizing, staffing, directing, monitoring organizing, staffing, directing, monitoring controlling, innovatingcontrolling, innovating dandan representingrepresenting untukuntukmencapaimencapai tujuantujuan tertentutertentu


Management functionsManagement functions

Planning Planning -- deciding what is to be donedeciding what is to be doneOrganizing Organizing -- making arrangementsmaking arrangementsStaffing Staffing -- selecting the right people for the jobselecting the right people for the jobDirecting Directing -- giving instructionsgiving instructionsMonitoring Monitoring -- checking on progresschecking on progressControlling Controlling -- taking action to remedy holdtaking action to remedy hold--upsupsInnovating Innovating -- coming up with solutions when coming up with solutions when problems emergeproblems emergeRepresenting Representing -- liaising with clients, users, liaising with clients, users, developers and other stakeholdersdevelopers and other stakeholders


What is project management ?What is project management ?The application of knowledge, skills, tools and The application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities in order to meet techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements [PMI project requirements [PMI Project Management Project Management Institute]Institute]A system of management procedures, practices, A system of management procedures, practices, technologies, skills and experience that are technologies, skills and experience that are necessary to successfully manage a projectnecessary to successfully manage a project


What is software ?What is software ?

Computer programs and associated documentation such Computer programs and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals.as requirements, design models and user manuals.Software products may be developed for a particular Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market.customer or may be developed for a general market.Software products may be:Software products may be: Generic Generic -- developed to be sold to a range of different developed to be sold to a range of different

customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word.customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word. Bespoke (custom) Bespoke (custom) -- developed for a single customer according developed for a single customer according

to their specification.to their specification.New software can be created by developing new New software can be created by developing new programs, configuring generic software systems or programs, configuring generic software systems or reusing existing software.reusing existing software.


Software characteristicsSoftware characteristics

PL PL ituitu direkayasadirekayasa, , bukanbukan difabrikasi/diproduksidifabrikasi/diproduksiPL PL tidaktidak bisabisa dirabadiraba ((intangibleintangible))PL PL tidaktidak mengalamimengalami keausankeausanSebagianSebagian besarbesar PL PL dikustomisasidikustomisasi ((customizedcustomized))

idealized curve

changeactual curve

Failurerate

Time

increased failurerate due to side effects


What is software project management ?What is software project management ?Concerned with activities involved in ensuring Concerned with activities involved in ensuring that software is delivered that software is delivered on timeon time and and on on scheduleschedule and and in accordance with the in accordance with the requirementsrequirements of the organizations developing and of the organizations developing and procuring the softwareprocuring the software


SPM SPM urgencyurgency

Project management is needed because software Project management is needed because software development is always subject to development is always subject to budgetbudget and and scheduleschedule constraints that are set by the constraints that are set by the organization developing the softwareorganization developing the software


Software project Software project charateristicscharateristicsInvisibility Invisibility the product is intangiblethe product is intangibleComplexity Complexity more complex than othersmore complex than othersConformity Conformity to conform to the human client to conform to the human client requirementsrequirementsFlexibility Flexibility subject to changesubject to changeMany software projects are Many software projects are oneone--offoff projectsprojectsSoftware processes are variable and organization Software processes are variable and organization specificspecificThe technology changes very quicklyThe technology changes very quickly


What are stakeholders ?What are stakeholders ?

OrangOrang--orangorang yang yang berkepentinganberkepentingan dengandengan proyekproyekMenentukanMenentukan caracara berkomunikasiberkomunikasiKategoriKategori:: Internal Internal dalamdalam satusatu timtim proyekproyek (e.g. Project (e.g. Project

Manager, Analyst, Designer, Programmer, Manager, Analyst, Designer, Programmer, Configuration Manager, Configuration Manager, dlldll.).)

EksternalEksternal daridari timtim proyekproyek, , tetapitetapi dalamdalam satusatu organisasiorganisasi(e.g. Accountant, HR Manager, (e.g. Accountant, HR Manager, dlldll.).)

EksternalEksternal, , baikbaik proyekproyek dandan organisasiorganisasi (e.g. customer, (e.g. customer, end user)end user)


SPM SPM activitiesactivities

Feasibility study Feasibility study estimasiestimasi kelayakankelayakan proyekproyekPlanning Planning perencanaanperencanaan proyekproyek, , jikajika layaklayakExecution Execution -- pelaksanaanpelaksanaan proyekproyek


Success criteriaSuccess criteria

Delivering the software to customer at the Delivering the software to customer at the agreed agreed functionalityfunctionality to the to the required level of quality on timerequired level of quality on timeand and within budgetwithin budget


ProblemsProblems

Planning for software projects is generally poor. Planning for software projects is generally poor. Procedures and techniques for the selection of Procedures and techniques for the selection of project managers are poor. project managers are poor. The accountability of many software engineering The accountability of many software engineering projects is poor, leaving some questions as to projects is poor, leaving some questions as to who is responsible for various project functions. who is responsible for various project functions. The ability to accurately estimate the resources The ability to accurately estimate the resources required to accomplish a software project is poor. required to accomplish a software project is poor. Success criteria for software development Success criteria for software development projects are frequently inappropriate projects are frequently inappropriate unreliable, unreliable, difficult to use, and difficult to maintain. difficult to use, and difficult to maintain.


ProblemsProblems

Decision rules to aid in selecting the proper Decision rules to aid in selecting the proper organizational structure are not available. organizational structure are not available. Decision rules in selecting the correct management Decision rules in selecting the correct management techniques are not available. techniques are not available. Procedures, methods and techniques for designing a Procedures, methods and techniques for designing a project control system that will enable project managers project control system that will enable project managers to successfully control their projects are not readily to successfully control their projects are not readily available.available.


SummarySummary

ProyekProyek terdiriterdiri daridari aktifitasaktifitas--aktifitasaktifitas nonnon--rutinrutin yang yang harusharus diaturdiaturProyekProyek PL PL bersifatbersifat intangibleintangible sehinggasehingga tidaktidakmudahmudah untukuntuk memonitormemonitor kemajuankemajuan proyekproyekManajemenManajemen proyekproyek PL yang PL yang baikbaik akanakanmenentukanmenentukan keberhasilankeberhasilan proyekproyekKeberhasilanKeberhasilan proyekproyek PL PL tidaktidak hanyahanya diukurdiukur daridarijalan/tidaknyajalan/tidaknya PLPL

software project management

Documents