spm est

1

SULIT NAMA : _____________________________________ KELAS : _____________________________________

PEPERIKSAAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH ZON A KUCHING

PERCUBAAN SPM 2008 6355/1

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Kertas 1 Oktober

1 ¼ jam Satu jam lima belas minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Tulis nama dan kelas anda pada ruangan yang disediakan. 2. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian: Bahagian A dan Bahagian B. 3. Jawab semua soalan. 4. Jawapan anda hendaklah ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini. 5. Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 30 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam Bahagian A dan 45 minit untuk Bahagian B.

____________________________________________________________________________ Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 10 halaman bercetak dan 2 halaman tidak bercetak.

[Lihat sebelah 6355/1 2008 Hak Cipta Zon A SULIT

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Kod Pemeriksa:

Bahagian

Markah

A

Soalan 1

10

Soalan 2

10

B

30

Jumlah

50

Sarawak Zon A Trial SPM 2008 http://edu.joshuatly.com/ http://www.joshuatly.com/

2

SULIT

Section A

[20 marks]

[Time suggested: 30 minutes]

Question 1 Read the following text and complete the given task.

When variations in genes are harmful, they result in what are called genetic disorders. Such

diseases are inherited by offspring from their parents. Genetic disorders are caused by

mutations, which can be thought of as misspellings in the genetic codes. Mutations may

cause cells to make a protein incorrectly, or to make too much or too little of the right protein

during cell division process.

Sometimes the mutation is as small as a change in a single base in the chemical structure

of DNA. An example is sickle cell anemia, in which an improper protein makes some red

blood cells malfunction and take on the shape of a sickle, instead of a red blood cell’s proper

circular shape. In other cases, an entire chromosome can be affected, as in the case of

children with Down syndrome, who have an extra copy of the 21st chromosome.

Some mutations may be caused by exposure to chemicals in the environment, ultraviolet

radiation form the sun, or even invisible particles given off by radioactive materials.

However, most mutations occur naturally in a random and spontaneous way.

(Adapted from The New Book of Knowledge, Volume 7, 2000)

6355/1 2008 Hak Cipta Zon A SULIT Sarawak Zon A Trial SPM 2008 http://edu.joshuatly.com/ http://www.joshuatly.com/

3

SULIT

Based on the information from the text, complete the graphic organiser below.

[10 marks]


GENETIC DISODERS

Occur when

1. ________________

_________________

Caused by 3. __________________

Known as 4. ___________________

Possible causes of mutations: 5. ____________________ 6. ____________________ 7. ____________________

Lead to improper protein diseases: 9. __________________ (malfunction of red blood cells) 10. _________________ (extra copy of 21st chromosome)

Inherited from 2.____________________

Affect chemical 8._________________


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SULIT

Question 2

Read the following text and complete the given task.

Some of the harshest environments on earth are found in super hot vents that

occur on the deep ocean floor, in rock fissures deep down below the Earth, or above the

snow line in high volcanic mountains.

In the last few years one incredible scientific discovery after another have shown

that life can exist in these most inhospitable of places. Different types of microbes have

been found that can survive in conditions usually associated with more bizarre forms of

science fiction than with life on Earth.

Compared to all other known life, these amazing organisms have totally different

metabolisms. They do not breathe oxygen but instead use hydrogen, methane and

compounds of sulphur. Extremophiles make their home in extremes of heat, radiation,

salinity and toxicity that would instantly kill any known living thing.

Scientists believe that these extraordinary microbes could tell us about how life

began on Earth. Some even think that extremophiles could provide clues about the

presence of life on other planets. Professor Lexi Andronova, a specialist extremophile

researcher, is convinced that the study of these microorganisms could yield new

technologies and drugs.

But what impact might these organisms have on humans? Less than one percent

of all the microbes on earth have been categorized by science, and some of these are

known to be deadly. If any of the extremophile microbes were to come into contact with

large numbers of people, there is a possibility that they could introduce new infectious

diseases.

The race is on to unlock the secrets of these bizarre life forms. New cancer

treatments, antibiotics or industrial processes are the hugely valuable prizes that may be

on offer. Biological prospecting is already happening in Antarctica. Unfortunately there is

no international agreement to control this activity.

Extremeophiles are certainly the toughest life forms known to science. Without

proper international control of the activity of biological prospectors, extremophiles may

one day come to replace us as the dominant life form on the planet.

(Source: JUST ENGLISH, Volume 2, Issue 2)


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SULIT

Based on the information from the text, complete the table below.

Extremophiles

What are they?

1. _________________________________________________ .

Differences with other life forms

2. _________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________

Thriving conditions 4. _________________________________________________

Scientists’ beliefs 5. _________________________________________________ 6. _________________________________________________

Impact on humans’ health 7. _________________________________________________

Possible positive effects 8. _________________________________________________ 9. _________________________________________________

Threat to humans 10. ________________________________________________

[10 marks]



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SULIT

Section B

[30 marks]

[Time suggested : 45 minutes]

Read the information given below on “Causes and Effects of Climate Change Today.”

Causes:

- vehicles

- industries

- open burning

- deforestation

Effects:

- fewer cold days/nights, warmer and more frequent hot days/nights

- more frequent warm spells and heat waves

- increasing frequency of heavy precipitation

- increase in areas affected by drought

- increasing intensity of tropical cyclones

- increased incidence of extremely high sea levels

Write a report for the school’s Nature Club magazine. In your report, you must

use all the points given

elaborate by giving relevant information

provide any other additional information on the causes and effects of climate change

Your report should not be less than 200 words.

6355/1 2008 Hak Cipta Zon A SULIT Sarawak Zon A Trial SPM 2008

http://edu.joshuatly.com/ http://www.joshuatly.com/

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SULIT

RUANG JAWAPAN

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Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa


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SULIT RUANG JAWAPAN

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6355/1 2008 Hak Cipta Zon A SULIT

Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa


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SULIT RUANG JAWAPAN

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Untuk

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SULIT

RUANG JAWAPAN

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KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT


Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa


11


SULIT

NAMA : _____________________________________ KELAS : _____________________________________

PEPERIKSAAN SEKOLAH MENENGAH ZON A KUCHING

PERCUBAAN SPM 2008 6355/2

ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Kertas 2 Oktober

1 jam Satu jam

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 30 soalan.

2 Jawab semua soalan.

3. Tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, iaitu A, B, C dan D. Bagi

setiap soalan, pilih satu jawapan sahaja. Hitamkan semua jawapan anda pada

kertas jawapan objektif yang disediakan.

___________________________________________________________________________

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 15 halaman bercetak dan 3 halaman tidak bercetak

[Lihat sebelah



2

SULIT

Questions 1 - 25 are based on the given stimuli. Study the information carefully and choose

the best answer.

Findings have turned up with reasons to get plenty of rest. First, a sound sleep seems

to be the key to a healthy heart. “As soon as people drift off, levels of hormones that

stimulate the sympathetic nervous system during the waking hours, called catecholamines,

begin to ebb,” says research psychiatrist Michael Irwin of the University of California at Los

Angeles. The result: blood pressure falls, heart rate slows; blood vessels relax, making it

easier for blood to flow. “Our hearts, in other words, get a much deserved rest,” says

Irwin.

1 The text above tells us to get plenty of

A rest.

B sleep.

C heart rate.

D catecholamines.

Hybrid rice will exhibit many advantages during the growth stage. The roots are two or

three times more than that of normal varieties, thus allowing absorption of more water and

fertilizer. It also has higher production of leaves lending the ability to produce superior rice.

Conversely, there is a need for a higher amount of fertiliser and water than with inbreds.

2 Which of the following is not a benefit of hybrid rice?

A It has longer roots.

B It produces superior rice.

C It requires more fertiliser.

D Its long roots help to absorb more water.



3

SULIT

Questions 3 - 4 are based on the following text.

Passive immunity refers to the immunity achieved by the body when it cannot

produce its own. It receives antibodies or antiserum through an outside source.

Antibodies can be transferred from the mother to the fetus or when babies are

breastfed. However, it will not last long. Passive acquired immunity similarly is obtained

when a sick person is inoculated immediately with an antiserum to fight a disease. This

also would not last long.

3 How is passive natural immunity achieved?

A It is given through droplets.

B It is obtained through vaccination.

C It is obtained through breastfeeding.

D It is obtained when the body produces its own antibodies.

4 The similarity between passive natural immunity and passive acquired immunity is both are

A not permanent.

B obtained during pregnancies.

C obtained through vaccinations.

D acquired through mothers’ milk.

[Lihat sebelah



4

SULIT

About 90% of the energy used around the world comes from crude oil, natural gas

and coal. These are all grouped as fossil fuels. Crude oil is also called petroleum which

originated from the Greek words, petra and oleo. It is a mixture of various types of

hydrocarbons. These can be separated through the process of fractional distillation.

5 The fractional process that crude oil undergoes involves

A purifying to obtain gas and petrol.

B distilling to convert into natural gas.

C separating the hydrocarbons in crude oil.

D mixing many different types of hydrocarbons.

One can make a broad separation between lightning that contacts earth (cloud-to-

ground lightning) and lightning that does not (intracloud lightning). Generally, the

lightning type that concerns human safety, the initiation of forest fires and the

destruction of electrical and electronic equipment is the cloud-to-ground lightning and

this type is targeted by operational networks for lightning detection.

6 Which of the following is not a danger of cloud-to-ground lightning?

A It can kill people.

B It can cause forest fires.

C It can frighten people with its loud noise.

D It can cause damage to expensive equipment.



5

SULIT

Questions 7 - 8 are based on the following table.

WAYS OF PRESERVING FOODS

CANNING PICKLING FREEZING DRYING

Foods are placed

in jars or cans and

heated to

temperature that

destroys

microorganisms.

Another form of

canning. It has an

increased acidity

that makes it difficult

for most bacteria to

grow.

Reduces the

temperature of the

food so that

microorganisms

cannot grow although

they may still be

alive.

Removes most of

the moisture from

foods.

Microorganisms

cannot grow. Dried

foods should be

stored in airtight

containers.

7 Based on the table, which method does not ensure that all microorganisms are completely

destroyed?

A Drying

B Pickling

C Canning

D Freezing

8 How many of the methods discussed above require food to be placed in cans?

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 4

[Lihat sebelah



6

SULIT

Space science today has widened with the latest discoveries in space exploration and

planetary science. One of the most interesting discoveries is the discovery of water on planets

and satellites. As water forms the basis of living creatures, the discovery of water on planets

creates excitement as it indicates the possibility of lifeforms. This study of lifeforms in space is

known as astrobiology. Among other new scientific studies in space science are

cosmochemistry (study of chemistry in space), astropaleontology (the study of fossils in

space), planetary geology (the study of geology of planets), and the list goes on.

9 Which of the following is not one of the scientific studies in space science?

A Geology

B Astrobiology

C Cosmochemistry

D Astropaleontology

10 What is the main difference between aluminium and iron? It

A has less uses.

B is softer than iron.

C is far heavier than iron.

D reacts less to chemicals.


Aluminium is the most abundant metal but it was not used until a century ago because it is

so active chemically and difficult to extract. Like iron, it is soft, but in contrast to iron and

steel, aluminium is very light and more resistant to corrosion. These qualities make it useful

for airplanes, trains, automobiles, rockets and house sliding.


7

SULIT

The relativity theory, developed in the early 20th Century, was originally intended to account

for certain anomalies in the concept of relative motion but has since developed into one of the

most important basic concepts in physical science. The theory of relativity is the basis for

later demonstrations by physicists of the essential unity of matter and energy, of space and

time and of the forces of gravity and acceleration.

11 Which of the following statements is true?

A The theory has become very important in science.

B The theory was used only in the early 20th Century.

C The theory is an old theory that is not important anymore.

D The theory can be used to explain all concepts in science.

12 From the information above, we can conclude the following except

A mobile phones emit low levels of radiofrequency radiation.

B high levels of radiofrequency energy (RF) can produce biological damage via

heating effects.

C numerous research show no clear picture of the biological effects of this type

of radiation.

D frequent use of mobile phones is actually safe and does not cause adverse

health effects.

[Lihat sebelah


It is well known that high levels of radiofrequency energy (RF) can produce biological

damage via heating effects. However, it is not known whether, to what extent, or via what

mechanism, lower levels of RF might cause adverse health effects as well. Although some

research has been done to address these questions, no clear picture of the biological effects

of this type of radiation has emerged to date. Thus, the available science does not allow us

to conclude that mobile phones are absolutely safe or that they are unsafe.


8

SULIT

Uranus is a giant ball of gas and liquid. Its diameter is more than four times that of the

earth. The surface of Uranus is not solid. Rather, it is composed of blue-green clouds

made up of tiny crystals of methane. The crystals have frozen out of the planet’s

atmosphere. Far below the visible clouds are probably thicker cloud layers made up of

liquid water and crystals of ammonia ice. Deeper still - about 7,500 kilometres below

the visible cloud tops, may be an ocean of liquid water containing dissolved ammonia.

At the very centre of the planet may be a small, rocky core about the size of Earth.

13 The topmost surface of Uranus is made up of

A ammonia.

B a small, rocky core.

C crystals of methane.

D blue-green clouds and methane.

The most distinctive feature of all parrots is the large bill. This consists of a strongly

downward-curving, hooked, upper mandible fitting over a smaller, upward-curving lower

mandible. A parrot’s bill has great mobility and leverage, thanks to its unique structure.

Parrots also have distinctive feet. Many parrots are agile and acrobatic climbers.

14 Pick out the incorrect statement.

A All parrots have large bills.

B A parrot’s bill has a unique structure.

C Most parrots are active and acrobatic.

D All parrots have a small upper mandible fitting over a large lower mandible.



9

SULIT

Contact lenses are an alternative to wearing glasses. However, they require more care.

Although contact lenses rarely damage the eye, they may “scratch your cornea, trap foreign

particles against your eye, breed bacteria, or destroy your vision”.

15 Pick the correct statement about contact lenses.

A They could cause some to lose their vision.

B They must be used alternately with glasses.

C They pose high possibility of damaging the eyes.

D They help prevent foreign particles from going into the eyes.

Dilute sulphuric acid is about 10% H2SO4 and 90% water. It is safer to handle but it should

still be treated with care. To make dilute sulphuric acid, always add concentrated acid to the

water. You should never add water to it as it is strongly exothermic and the acid could

splash out and cause burns. In an exothermic reaction, heat is released and the

temperature of the solution rises.

16 What will happen if water is added into concentrated sulphuric acid?

A Both solutions will not mix.

B The sulphuric acid might crystallise.

C The temperature of the solution will drop.

D The temperature of the solution rises very fast.

[Lihat sebelah



10

SULIT

17 Comets, asteroids and meteors

A may hit Earth any time.

B are altogether about one kilometer in size.

C each weighs less than 1% of the material in the Solar System.

D comprise mainly material that remains after the universe was formed.

18 Succulent plants have all the following qualities except

A They transpire easily.

B They have good retention of water.

C They have thick leaves and short stems.

D Their roots need mediums that drain well.


The debris left over from the formation of the Sun and planets in the Solar System includes

the millions of small bodies we know as comets, asteroids and meteors. Although their total

mass is far less than 1% of the material in the Solar System, these objects are of significant

importance. They contain (mostly) unprocessed material from the original solar nebula and

therefore help physicists understand how the Solar System formed. Also these kilometer-

sized objects can find themselves in orbits that sometimes cross that of the Earth – and there

is obvious interest in the possibility of impact with Earth and its frightening consequences.

Succulent plants generally have a high water retention ability and are transpiration

resistant because they have thick leaves and short stems. Those with fibrous short roots

can be planted in a low-nutrient medium while those with long roots should be planted in

soil-like mediums. The former needs more coarse gravel and sand plus peat. All groups of

succulents require good drainage. Slow release fertilizers are the most ideal for succulent

plants.


11

SULIT

White blood cells play an important role in our blood streams. They defend our body

from infection. For instance, if we cut our toe, bacteria will invade the wound. The

white blood cells will swim to the wound and descend on the bacteria, consuming them.

If the infection is severe, the white blood cells reproduce to meet the challenge.

19 What is the challenge that faces the white blood cells?

A Their ability to reproduce.

B Being dominant in the blood stream.

C Defending the body against infection.

D Playing a crucial role in the blood stream.

20 Which of the following statements is not true about crop rotation?

A There will be minimal use of fertilizers.

B The fields will be under continuous production.

C It involves growing different crops in the same place.

D Growing the same type of crop leaches the soil of one kind of nutrient.

[Lihat sebelah


Crop rotation prevents a decrease in soil fertility, as growing the same crop repeatedly in

the same place eventually depletes the soil of various nutrients. A crop that leaches the soil

of one kind of nutrient is followed during the next growing season by a dissimilar crop that

returns that nutrient to the soil or draws a different ratio of nutrients. By crop rotation farmers

can keep their fields under continuous production, without the need to let them lie fallow, and

reducing the need for artificial fertilizers, both of which can be expensive.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_%28agriculture%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizer

12

SULIT

Questions 21 – 22 are based on the following table.

ACIDS USES

Formic acid coagulates latex

Acetic acid (vinegar) preserves food like pickles

used in food

Sulphuric acid used in car battery

to make detergents and fertilisers

Tartaric acid to make soft drinks

Nitric acid to make chemical substances

such as fertilizers, plastics and

explosives.

Hydrochloric acid to make disinfectants and liquid

washing agents.

Citric acid used in fruit juices

21 Which group of acids will be of help in the food industries?

A formic acid, tartaric acid and nitric acid.

B tartaric acid, citric acid and acetic acid.

C hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid.

D acetic acid, sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid.

22 A small explosion had taken place in the school laboratory recently. The teachers

found traces of ________________ in the laboratory.

A citric acid

B nitric acid

C formic acid

D tartaric acid



13

SULIT

This is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

It is not the study of flora alone. More importantly, one has to understand that the

relationship between living organisms and the environment is very important.

23 The information above is an explanation by

A a botanist.

B an ecologist.

C a pathologist.

D a physiologist.

Colorectal cancer is a cancer that develops from the cells of the large intestine. About

40 per cent of the cancer cells can be prevented with a healthy diet and regular physical

activities.

24 It can be concluded that colorectal cancer can be prevented with a

A high-fat diet.

B high-fibre diet.

C high-starch diet.

D high-protein diet.

[Lihat sebelah



14

SULIT

25 From the above extract, we can conclude that Parkinson’s disease

A exhibits symptoms that are severe.

B can ultimately render the patient immobile.

C limits the patient’s capability to move about.

D is a rare degenerative condition affecting the human nervous system.


Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a frequently encountered degenerative condition of the

human nervous system. In essence, Parkinson’s disease destroys the ability to control

one’s movement. The condition is recognized by its features of tremors, difficulty in

initiating voluntary movements, bradykinesia (slowing of movement) and rigidity. PD

shows a wide range of severity, from mild impairment to severe immobility.


15

SULIT

Questions 26 - 30 are based on the following passage.

Coral reefs are massive structures made up of limestone that is 26 by living things.

Coral reefs 27 over 25% of all known marine species. As one of the most complex

ecosystems on the planet, coral reefs are home to over 4000 different species of fish, 700

species of coral and thousands of other plants and animals.

Corals grow at different 28 , depending on water temperature, salinity, turbulence and

the availability of food. The massive corals are the slowest growing species, adding between 5

and 25mm per year to their 29 .

The geological record indicates that the ancestors of modern coral reef ecosystems were

formed at least 240 million years ago. The coral reefs 30 today began growing as early as

50 million years ago.

26 A deposited 29 A width

B formed B length

C composed C depth

D layered D height

27 A harbour 30 A existing

B breed B surviving

C support C remaining

D sustain D living

28 A rates

B time

C ways

D seasons

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT


Sarawak Zon A Trial SPM 2008


16


SULIT

PAPER 1

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM, 2008 SEKOLAH-SEKOLAH MENENGAH ZON A KUCHING

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

Question 1

1. variations in genes are harmful

2. parents

3. mutations

4. misspellings in the genetic codes

5. exposure to chemicals (in the environment)

6. ultraviolet radiation (from the sun)

7. radioactive materials

8. structure of DNA

9. sickle cell anemia

10. Down Syndrome

Question 2

1. Microorganisms that thrive in extreme conditions on Earth

2. Do not breathe in oxygen

3. Use hydrogen, methane and compounds of sulphur (must be complete answer)

4. Thrive in extreme heat, radiation, salinity and toxicity (must include all the factors)

5. Could tell us how life began on Earth

6. Provide clues about the presence of life on other planets / Could yield new technologies and drugs 7 Introduce new infectious disease

8 New cancer treatment / New antibiotics

9 New industrial processes

10 May replace humans as the dominant life form on the planet


Sarawak Zon A Trial SPM 2008


SULIT SECTION B (OPEN RESPONSE)

DESCRIPTION OF CRITERIA

A B C D E

25-30 19-24 13-18 7-12 1-6

Complete realisation of task.

Communicates excellently and responds fluently by utilising all content points effectively with considerable relevant detailed information.

Excellent ability to analyse and justify points of view on issues pertaining to science and technology.

Excellent organisation of ideas.

Appropriate and precise use of science and technology expressions.

Uses a variety of sentences structures, language, spelling and punctuation are entirely accurate.

Good realisation of task.

Communicates and responds competently by utilising all content points with detailed supporting information.

Competent ability to analyse and justify points of view on issues pertaining to science and technology.

Competent organisation of ideas

Appropriate use of science and technology expressions.

Use clear, simple and largely accurate simple English to express ideas and concepts.

Reasonable fulfilment of task.

Communicates and responds satisfactorily by utilising some content points with adequate detailed information.

Satisfactory ability to analyse and/or justify points of view on issues pertaining to science and technology.

Satisfactory organisation of ideas.

Satisfactory use of science and technology expressions.

Language sufficiently accurate, meaning comes through.

Limited fulfilment of task.

Communicates and responds by utilising some content points but inadequately supported.

Limited ability to analyse and /or justify points of view on issues pertaining to science and technology.

Some attempts to organise ideas.

Limited use of science and technology expressions.

Language largely inaccurate with frequent errors.

Poor fulfilment of task. Wholesale lifting of content points.

Communicates minimally by mere mention of content points.

No attempt to analyse and/or justify points of view on issues pertaining to science and technology.

No attempt to organise ideas.

Poor use of science and technology.

Language barely accurate, errors impede reading.


SULIT

PAPER 2

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM, 2008

SEKOLAH-SEKOLAH MENENGAH ZON A KUCHING

1 A 16 D

2 C 17 A

3 C 18 A

4 A 19 B

5 C 20 D

6 C 21 B

7 D 22 B

8 B 23 B

9 A 24 B

10 D 25 A

11 A 26 A

12 D 27 C

13 D 28 A

14 D 29 B

15 A 30 A



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