•

•

•

•

ORDERS

I:\data4.mdf

H:\data3.mdf

G:\data2.mdf

F:\data1.mdf

•

•

−

−

−

•

−

2007

2008

2009

2010

File Group 1

File Group 3

I:\data1.mdf

File Group 2

File Group 4

H:\data1.mdf

G:\data1.mdf

F:\data1.mdf

•

•

SQL Server 7.0 이전

SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 7.0

Partitioned View제공

분산시스템에서 통합 조회 목적(Distributed Partitioned Views)

System & Application Design 단순화

SELECT만 처리 가능

Partitioned Views에서DML처리 지원

SQL Server 2005

Partitioned Table 최초 지원(SQL2005 부터 모든 테이블은내부적으로 Partition 구조를 사용)

Split, Merge, Switch 등의 다양한Partitioned table 관리 기능 제공

관리자가 여러 개의 테이블에 직접나누어 저장 관리

Query시 개발자가 프로그램 내에서직접 처리

프로시저등을 이용하여 직접관리

SQL Server 2008

Partition에 최적화된Optimizer제공

Partition별로 다양한성능 향상 기능 제공

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

P1

P2

P3

New Partition

Detail Data

Day level

Switch new partition

Agg(P1)

Agg(P2)

Agg(P3)

Aggregates for

New Partition

Indexed View

Month, Year level

•−

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2 10 100 1000

173 186593

5326

103 106 103 113

(ms)

# Partition

Partition Elimination Performance

SQL Server 2005

SQL Server 2008

•

DECLARE @a INT =20080802,

@b INT =20080902

SELECT date_id,

SUM(quantity*unit_price) AS total_price

FROM fact_sales

WHERE date_id BETWEEN @a AND @b

GROUP BY date_id;

•

•

•

Orders table (Partition Key : OrderDate)

MAXDOP = 8

•

•−

−

•

−

•

•

•

•

•

•− sp_estimate_data_compression_savings

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Siemens Camstar Dynamics AX

UFIDA

storage saving

Without Compression

With Compression

20.75%23.29%

Peak CPU Usage (%)

•

Table

Index

PAGE Compressed

Index

Uncompressed

Table

Index

•

2007 2008 2009 2010

PAGE Compressed

Uncompressed

ROW Compressed

•

60 59 53 51 44 49

123133 140

Min

ute

s

•

0

200

400

600

800

1000

NONE ROW PAGE

943

404 292

크기(MB)

NONE

ROW

PAGE

47,493

15,556

8,216

853

1,043

1,230

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

NONE ROW PAGE

App.수행시간 (ms)

1회실행

2회실행

•

•

•−

−

−

− INSERT INTO with TABLOCK (SQL 2008)

− Trace Flag 610 (SQL 2008) 새로 추가되는 Page에 대해 Minimal Logging처리

TF610 - full logging TF610 - minimal logging

•

Table Indexes Rows in table Hints Without TF 610 With TF 610

Heap Empty TABLOCK Minimal Minimal

Heap Empty None Full Full

Heap Any TABLOCK Minimal Minimal

Heap Any None Full Full

Heap + Index Any TABLOCK Full Depends (3)

Cluster EmptyTABLOCK,

ORDER (1)Minimal Minimal

Cluster Empty None Full Minimal

Cluster Any None Full Minimal

Cluster Any TABLOCK Full Minimal

Cluster + Index Any None Full Depends (3)

Cluster + Index Any TABLOCK Full Depends (3)

•

• 3x-5x INSERT 성능개선

Index Insert

Heap Insert

SQL Server 2008

SQL Server

Run Time

•

− 대용량테이블

•

− 일자별이 가장 일반적

•

− 관리가 가장 용이하다고 판단되는 크기

•−

•−

trade-off

•−

•−

•−

•−

Partition Function

Partition Scheme

Partitioned

Table/Index1:N

1:N

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION [pf](DATETIME)

AS RANGE RIGHT

FOR VALUES ('20101101', '20101201');'20101101' '20101201'

CREATE PARTITION SCHEME [ps]

AS PARTITION [pf]

TO ([PRIMARY],[SECONDARY],[TERTIARY]);PRIMARY

Filegroup

SECONDARY

Filegroup

TERTIARY

Filegroup

CREATE TABLE test(date_id datetime,

,product_id int)

ON [ps](date_id);

INSERT INTO test VALUES('20101101',1)

,('20101201',2);'20101101' '20101201'

Partition Function 생성

Partition Scheme 생성

Partition Table 생성

데이터 입력

•

−

•

−

•

−

−

−

•

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION pf_left(int) AS RANGE LEFT FOR VALUE (50);

15 20 45 50 60 70 90

CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION pf_right(int) AS RANGE RIGHT FOR VALUE (50);

15 20 45 50 60 70 90

•

•

−

−

−

•

−

−

ALTER PARTITION SCHEME ps_right NEXT USED filegroup3;

ALTER PARTITION FUNCTION pf_right() SPLIT RANGE (100);

51 max…min 50…

51 99…min 50… 100 max…

filegroup1 filegroup2

filegroup1 filegroup2 filegroup3

•

•Split

•

• Switch

Partition #

1 2 3 4 5

2005-02-01 2005-03-01 2005-04-01 2005-05-01

1/2005 &

Earlier2/2005 Data 3/2005 Data 4/2005 Data 5/2005 &

Later

[EMPTY] [EMPTY] [EMPTY]

2005-06-01

5/2005 Data 6/2005 &

Later

6

5/2005 Staging

Table

•

• Switch

•Merge

•

Partition #

2005-03-01 2005-04-01 2005-05-01

3/2005 Data 4/2005 Data

[EMPTY]

2005-06-01

5/2005 Data 6/2005 &

Later

2/2005 Unload

Table

[EMPTY]

1 2 3 4 5

2/2005 &

Earlier2/2005 Data

1 2 3 4 5

2005-02-01

1/2005 &

Earlier

[EMPTY]

6

•

• Sliding Windows Scenario 새로운 데이터 bulk

loading 오래된 데이터 removing

•

−

−

−

−

•

− http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlcat/archive/2006/02/17/partition-elimination-in-sql-server-2005.aspx

•− http://blogs.msdn.com/b/craigfr/archive/2008/08/22/dynamic-partition-elimination-performance.aspx

•− http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlcat/archive/2010/03/04/enabling-partition-level-locking-in-sql-server-2008.aspx

•− http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms345599.aspx

•− http://sqlblog.com/blogs/erin_welker/archive/2008/02/10/partitioning-enhancements-in-sql-server-2008.aspx

•−

•− http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms345146(SQL.90).aspx

•− http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd894051.aspx

•− http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd425070.aspx

•

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