stam tb srwegczaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/lasuma/lasuma2_archivos/metodo… · t gaw] ebe ]=p...

71

Upload: others

Post on 21-Aug-2020

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

����������� � �������������������������

"!$#&%('*)�+ ,.-/0+214365$#&+*7 8 3�9:)�+2);5�'<3=#?>A@CBED(#F'G3=HI5$J

K�LMK�LONQPSRMTURWV�XZY�V�X\[S]_^S`ba�cSXW]�dfeK�Lhg�Lji�RWP�]kV�`ld [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�mna�`�d [SXoV�eK�Lqp�LOrts=s=[�`UV�svuwV�PSxws=a�PSe�RWeyTU]=P�s�uK�L{zSLj|}]�`bR\Y�V�TbRWa�PIa�m~X\RWPS]=V�`�d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�mna�`bdF[SXoV�eK�Lh��L���TUV�cSR\XWR\TQuK�Lq��L��2a�P�Y�]=`b��]=PSs�] V�PSx�TU��];|_V��SXW�[SR\e�T����[SR\Y�V�X\]=PSs�]��l�S]=a�`�]=dK�Lh��L���TUV�cSR\XWR\TQuf`b]���RWa�PSe�V�PSxwV�cSe�a�XW[�TU]�e�TUV�cSRWX\R\TQuK�Lq��L���TbR\�ZPS]=e�eK�Lq��Lj��[SPS��]����_[�T�T�V&df]vTU�Sa�xSeK�Lq��Lj��a�TU]�etV�PSx�`�]�mn]�`b]=P�s=]=e

���6��� �k���¢¡�£_�¥¤ ¦¨§©¦M��ª�£b«��­¬��¢¡�£®�o¯U£�£�° �G¦±«O²y³±¦±«�£v´�µ¶0·G¸k¹�º�»O¼�½�¹�¾.¿<ÀÁ�¹ ¬�Â�Ã�¯��k³�ÄÅ���y�bÆ�_ÇnÈ�ÉUÊ=ËvÌ

Page 2: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

����������� � ����������������������� �

�l�S]}s�]=P�TU`bV�XZTba�^SR\sta�m�Tb�SRWeGcZa�a��.RWe*TUR\df]��QxS]�^Z]�PSxS]�PT2^OV�`yTURoV�X�x�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV�XZ]���[SV �TbRWa�PSe����*|_��e��vL � Y�]�P���]=P�2]�s�a�df]fTUaExSR\ebs�[Sebe.]=X\XWR\^�TUR\s��*|_��e� ���SR\s��:V�`b]�P�a�TTbRWd?]v�Qx�]=^�]=PSxS]�P�T� �2]�e��OV�X\X��OPSx Tb�OV�T&e�a�df]Ia�mlTU�S]�c�]=eyT.P[Sdf]�`bR\skV�XGdf]vTU�Sa�xSe&V�`�]RMTU]=`bV�TUR\a�PSe Tb�OV�TGcZ]��OVkY�]tY�]=`yufdF[Ss���V�e<R\m�TU�S]�`b]�2]�`b]}V_TUR\df]lY�V�`�RoV�cSX\]�L �l�OV�TGRWe����u]�XWXWR\^�TUR\s®]���[SV�TUR\a�PSe�s=a�d?]�V�TlTb�S]�]=PSxwa�m TU�S]�c�a�a��I`UV�Tb�S]=`�Tb�OV�P�TU�S]�c�]=��R\PSPSRWP��SL

� `bxSR\POV�`yu xSRM��]�`b]�PTbRoV�X ]=�[OV TURWa�PSe�� � |_��e��t]�d c�a�x�u a�PS] a�m<Tb�S] T�Gaw]�ebe�]=P�TURWV�XR\PS��`b]�xSRW]�P�TUe�a�m~Tb�SRWe�s=]�PTb`UV�X TUa�^SRWs��<Y�V�`�RoV�TbRWa�P�RWP�TUR\df]� OcS[�TtPSa�TtRWPweb^OV�s=]�L��G]=skV�[Seb]Tb�S] e�TUV�TU]FV�T_V�Pu�d?a�df]�P�T®R\e®xS]vTU]=`�dfR\PS]=x cu V��OP�R\TU];eb]vT_a�m*P[Sd c�]=`�e� � |_��e}V�`�]m¥V�`G]kV�e�RW]�`GTUaFeba�XMY�]}V�PSx�m¥V�`<dfa�`�]tmn[SX\X\u.[SP�xS]=`�e�TUa�a�xITU�OV�P��<|_��e�L�NQP�m¥V�s�T� �V�P � |_�[Se�[OV�X\X\u �OV�eITba cZ](PSa�PSXWR\PS]kV�`fcZ]vmna�`b] R\TUeIcZ]��OVkY�R\a�`�c�]=s�a�df]�e�Y�]�`�u�R\PTb]=`�]=e�TbRWPS�����SR\s���R\elPSa�T�TU��]©s=V�eb]©V�T�V�XWX�mna�`�V��*|_�lL

�l�S];eba�X\[�TUR\a�P�a�m � |_��etc�uwxSRWe�s=`�]�TU];df]vTU�Sa�xSe�RWe�a�PS];a�m~Tb�S]Fa�XWxS]�e�TtV�PSxEd?a�eyTe�[Ss=s�]=ebeymn[SX�V�`b]kV�e©a�m�P[Sd?]=`bR\skV�X�s�a�d?^S[�T�V TURWa�P L.r x�`UV�dfV�TUR\s&]! �V�d?^SXW]&a�m2TU��]fPS]�]=xmna�`teb[Ss��$s�a�df^�[�T�V�TbRWa�P�etR\etTU��] ^S`ba�cSXW]�d"a�m*^S`b]�xSRWsvTURWP��ITU�S]Fdfa�TbRWa�P�eta�m*^�XoV�PS]vTUeta�`a�Tb�S]=`tcZa�xSR\]=e®R\P e�^OV�s=]�L}�l�S] ��a�Y�]=`�PSRWPS��x�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV�X ]��[OV�TUR\a�PSet�OVkY�]&c�]=]=P"�PSa#�Pe�RWPSs�]}�t]!lTUa�P$ SV�PSxfmna�`<Tb�S]}s=V�eb]ta�m�a�PSXMu.T�2a c�a�xSRW]�e� �eb[Ss���V�e2VFeb[�P�V�PSx�V©^SXoV�PS]�T� ��]%lTUa�PEeb�Sa#G]=x(�Sa# TbaIeba�X\Y�]�TU��]=d ]! �V�svTUX\u�L�NQP�TU��];TU��`b]=]©s=]�P�TU[S`�RW]=e®ebRWP�s=]�TU�S]�P& �Sa#G]�Y�]=`� OP�aFa�PS]t�OV�eG]�Y�]�`2mna�[SP�x�V�P�]' �V�s�T2eba�X\[�TUR\a�P?mna�`<Tb�S]®s=V�eb]ta�m TU��`b]=]ta�`2d?a�`�]c�a�x�RW]=e�L)(+*<]vT;Tb�S]?P�[�df]�`bRWs=V�X�skV�XWs=[�XoV�TbRWa�P(a�m2eb[Ss��4a�`bcSRMTUe�RWe©V�X\dfa�e�T�]��Za�`yTUXW]�ebe©c�ud?a�x�]=`bP�eyT�V�PSxSV�`bxSe% �V�PSx�RWe�V.`ba�[�TURWP�]_s=a�d?^Za�PS]=P�T�a�m TU�S]�s�a�P�TU`ba�X�a�m~e�^OV�s�]=s=`bV�m¢TkL

�l�S]�d?a�e�T�R\df^�a�`�TUV�P�T�m¥V�d?RWX\RW]=eGa�mÅP�[�df]�`bRWs=V�X d?]�Tb�Sa�x�e�mna�` � |_�*e�V�`�], XWR\PS]kV�`2d [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^�d?]�Tb�Sa�xSe� , ��[�PS��]v�Q�_[�TbTUV.d?]�Tb�Sa�xSe=L

�l�SR\e�s��OV�^�Tb]=`�^S`b]�eb]=P�TbetTU��]©]�ebe�]=P�TURWV�X�mn]kV�Tb[S`b]�eta�mÅXWR\PS]kV�`ld [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^�d?]�Tb�Sa�xSe� -�RMTU�]�df^S�SV�ebR\e a�P TU��]�mn[SPSxOV�d?]=P�TUV�X�R\xS]kV�e~a�mZV�s=s�[S`UV�svu� e�TUV�cSR\XWR\TQu. �V�PSx.s=a�P�Y�]�`b��]�PSs=]�L*r®PR\df^�a�`�TUV�P�T?xSRWeyTURWP�s�TUR\a�P:RWe?dIV�x�]�c�]�T�G]=]�P0/ys=XoV�ebebR\skV�X21 eyT�V�c�RWXWRMTQu V�PSx3/�]=R\��]=P�Y�V�XW[�]eyT�V�cSR\XWRMTQu41�L_r®XWX a�m*TU��]=eb]&P�a�TUR\a�PSe5�R\XWX ^S`ba6Y�]&R\PSxSR\eb^�]=PSebV�cSXW]6��S]=P"G]?d?a6Y�] a�PETUaxSR\ebs�[Sebe7�*|_��e�RWP.�2�OV�^�TU]�`Gp�L~�l�Sa�[����82]lxSa�PSa�T�xS]=e�s=`�RWc�]���[SP���]v�Q��[�TbT�V}d?]�Tb�Sa�xSe]' �s�]=^�T�c�`bRW]!9SuER\P;:6K�Lq�< Zdfa�eyT_a�m�Tb�S]&V�POV�X\uTUR\skV�X RWxS]=V�e®x�]=ebs�`bR\cZ]�x ��]=`b].V�^S^SX\u��RMTU�d?RWPSa�`�s��OV�PS��]=e�TUa?��[�PS��]v�Q�_[�TbTUV.d?]�Tb�Sa�xSe�TUa�aSL

=#>2?6@BADCFE�EHG�IFJHIKADJHIKEHG�IFLMJHION�PQEHL5EHG%IKIFR�IOC�E�EHG�ADE�PTS%C�GUAM?6IFV%AMCFE7PTLXWYS!EHZ[LM?\C�AD?\?�IO]XIFJ�^#IK@_LMS�?�`ba�c-G%Z[PS%?�d%JHIO`%ZYCFEeAM^%ZYW[ZfE2g�LD@hN�AM?�g'ij^#L'`!g�N�LDEHZ[LM?�PkZYPlCOLX?%?�IOC�EHI�`�mlZfEHGnEHG�I$d�G�IF?�LXN�IF?�LX?7LM@hCeG�ADLXPOa

Page 3: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � � ��� ��� ����������������� ��=���� ������ �����������v�v� �����

,.- ,?-�� 5 3v'G3=#?>�� #?>6D() % +GH��4>=)�� J

r®P �"!$#&%('*)�!�+,#&%.-�/�!0/�'210%.)435/�687*)�10%.�9'7 �a�`;:=<?>\ RWe~V�P ]=�[OV TURWa�P a�mOTU��]2mna�`bd

@�A �.BM�4CED � @ �.BM�GF(BM�HF ��K�IMK�I\K#���S]�`b]JB®R\e}TU�S]&TbRWd?]FY�V�`bRWV�cSXW]� @ RWe�V�`b]=V�X�a�`_s=a�df^SX\]! ebs=V�XoV�`_a�`}Y�]=svTUa�`_mn[SP�s�TUR\a�Pa�mKB�� @ �.BM�MLONQP\ SRUT K��! V�PSxVD R\eFVwmn[SPSs�TbRWa�P TU�OV�T;T�V.��]=eFY�V�X\[S]=e;RWPENQP LB(XW ]V�X\eba eUVku Tb�OV�T"�yK�LMK�LMK��.R\eIVEYZ+*YZ1�/�[ �"\]:=<?>^Y_�"\`#&%a[E/�'MYb%.�9'cR LA�l�S]Ee�u�d&�c�a�X @ A xS]�PSa�Tb]=e�d @2e d�B'  V�P�x RMm�Rgf:K. RMT_eb��a�[SXWx c�]?R\P�TU]=`�^S`b]vTU]�x s�a�df^�a�PS]�P�T��RWeb]��� @*hjilk FmInImInF @oh P k �qpA C � @ hjirkA FmImInIsF @ h P kA �lp<LG��RWd?RWXWV�`bXMu� @�AtA x�]=PSa�Tb]=eudMv @2e d�Bwvb jV�P�x�e�afa�P�LW �S]�`b] s=XWV�`bRMTQu ^�]=`bd?R\Tbe� 5G] eb�OV�X\X_XW]=V6Y�] a�[�T�TU�S] V�`���[Sd?]=P�TUewRWP ]=�[OV TURWa�PSe�X\R ��]��K�L\K�L\K��' <��SR\s��wTb�S]=PwcZ]�s=a�d?]=e�e�RWd?^SX\u @ A CEDÅL

�l�S] eyTU[Sx�u�a�m � |_��e���a�]=e®cSV�s��wTba���]%lTUa�P(V�PSx(i�]�RWcSPSRyx;R\P�Tb�S]IK6���{z�|{e� ZV�PSxX\R ��]®eba.d [Ss��wa�m dIV TU�S]�dIV�TbRWs�e� �RMTla#2]�e®V ��`b]kV T�xS]kV�X V�XWe�a TUa&TU�S] Ga�`M��a�m~�*[�XW]=`lR\PTb�S]�K6��Tb�Es=]�P�TU[S`yu�L©��u�e�Tb]=d?e_a�m � |_��e G]=`b]\�S`be�T}s=a�PSe�RWxS]�`b]�x(cu i V���`bV�PS��];RWP Tb�S]K����{z�e�  cS[�T;Tb�S]f[�eb]?a�m2Y�]=s�Tba�`FP�a�T�V�TbRWa�P$xSR\x$PSa�T;cZ]�s=a�d?].e�T�V�PSxOV�`�x4[SP�TUR\X*V�`ba�[SPSxK6����z�L

N m�DQ� @ F(BM�}C�~K��BM� @u��� ��BM�fmna�`�eba�d?]Emn[SPSsvTUR\a�PSe�~K��BM��V�PSx � �.BM�! �TU�S] � |_� R\e3a%('*/�)�!h V�PSx?R\m � �.BM�4C�z}RMT*RWe*XWR\PS]kV�`�V�PSxO�&�9[E�"�"/�'&/��97MY�L��¥NQP?TU�S]lY�]�s�Tba�`Gs=V�eb]�~K��BM�R\e_V�P�R���R dIV TU`bR) V�PSx � �.BM�tR\e_V�P�R��­Y�]=svTUa�`�L_� � Tb�S]=`D�RWe�]&R\T_R\e^'&�9'&3(%a'*/�)�!��.N mDQ� @ F(BM� RWe<RWPSx�]=^�]=PSxS]�P�T�a�m2B' �Tb�S] � |_� R\e;)�7*1��9'*�9[E�97MY�L�N m*DQ� @ F(BM� R\eGR\PSxS]=^�]=P�xS]=P�Ta�m @ �TU��] � |_�:`b]=x�[Ss=]�etTUa?V�PwRWP�xS]%�OP�R\TU]_R\P�TU]=��`UV�X L

� a(dIV.��] �yK�LMK�LMK��©R\P�TUa$V�mn[SX\X\u eb^�]=s�R2�O]�x ^S`ba�c�XW]=d QG]�eb�OV�X\X2^S`�a6Y�R\xS]?%a'M%�10%.)43#*)�1�) V�T�BoCVzEV�P�x XWa�a��Emna�`;eba�X\[�TUR\a�PSe©a�P eba�df]fRWP�TU]�`�Y�V�X�B�L]��z�Fa���� ���f�z�L��l�S]s��Sa�RWs=]?a�m�B8CVz V�eFV�e�TUV�`�TbRWPS�w^Za�RWP�T©RWP�TU`�a�xS[�s=]=e©PSa�XWa�e�e©a�ml��]=P�]=`UV�XWR\TQu.  ebRWP�s=]fV�P�ua�Tb�S]=`KBr�_s�a�[SXWx�c�]_TU`b]=V�TU]�x�c�u�Tb�S]�s��OV�PS��];a�m Y�V�`bRWV�cSX\]=e�Bl�bC�B���Br��L

� '&%.1�%a)43*��)43(7*/?��!$�"�M3a/�[����K�q �¡�¢£D`¤¦¥Q§�¡s¥H¨s©m�lª�¡«§=¤�ª�¬{ �¡«­���f]z�­"¤¦¢9§ @ ��L�N P ­® ¢2§?¤O§¯�t°o¡�©H¡s¢9±(��¤�ª¦²a¡Q³r´{¢9¨0±(�.¬0¢ @ �.BM�Q§�¡ ® ¢2¡«§µ³¶¬0©·B2L?�¸z�F(�¹�*¥b´�¨wº�±(º4¤�±» ¤0¼ @ �az �4C @ �0F» ª0¼ @�A �.BM�4C�DQ� @ �.BM�GF(BM� ³¶¬�©Q¤¦²t²½B2L?�¸z�Fa���(I ��K�I\K{I¨g��

=0¾�¿ Z[PlEHG�I PTd�AMCOI LM@hCFLXN�d�WYIFV�COLMW[S%N�?n] IFCFEHLMJHP LM@hWYIO?ZÀMEHG P a<> ?Kd!JeAMCFEHZYC�ADW�Á5ÂoÃ6d!JHLX^%W[IFN�PlEHG%I ]XA JHZ[AM^�WYIOPA JHI S%PTS�ADW[Wfg7JHI�AMWÅÄ#PTLQEHG�ADEl@_LDJ$N�AD?�g�d%S%JHd#LMPTIOPkm-I COLXS%W[`nmkJHZYEHI8Æ9¿ Z[?%P EHI�AX`�a�Ç8G%IO?�m<I COLXN�I&EHL�È�LMS%JHZYIFJAD?�AMWfg!PTZYP&LM@4WYZY?�I�A J d�A JTEHZ ADW `%ZfR�IFJHIF?'EHZ[ADW IlÉ�S�ADEHZYLM?�PqÄ�G�L�m<IO] IFJlÄ#EHG%I S%PTI LD@<CFLXN�d�WYIFVn]XA JHZ[AM^�WYIOP mlZ[WYW ^#I ] IFJTgCOLM?'] IO?�ZYIO?�E�a

Page 4: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � � ��� ��� ����������������� ��=���� ������ �����������v�v� �������[Sdf]�`bR\skV�X�d?]�Tb�Sa�x�e�mna�`te�a�X\Y�RWP�� � |_� R\PSR\TbRoV�X±� Y�V�X\[S]t^�`ba�cSX\]=d?e�V�`b]�TU�S]©eb[�c � ]=svT}a�mTb�SRWels��OV�^�TU]�`=L}W4]�e��OV�XWXZPSa�T�xSR\ebs�[Sebe�cZa�[SPSxOV�`yu�� Y�V�XW[�]}^S`ba�cSXW]�dfe% SRWP ��SR\s��wY�V�`�RWa�[�es�a�df^�a�PS]�P�TUe�a�m @ V�`b]leb^�]=s�R2�O]�xIV T T�2a©a�`�d?a�`b]2xSRWeyTURWP�s�T�^�a�RWP�Tbe a�m�TURWd?]���eb]=]��_]=X\XW]�`��K6����� �GV�PSxwr®ebs���]=`� �]�T�V�X­L ��K6����� ��L

������� ��������������� �����������! "�!#$&%�$('�$"�! ()+*,�- (.��0/�#21-3� &�5476�8:9<;=6�>?6A@CBEDF9HGI���E�J'2���K�L1E (.M'2$(1E%6�@CNLD�9OGQP 8SR >UT ��$&�V�OWM�����YXM� '�1KBZ�E�[N�\^]_/�#21,*Q$&W���W�'����,'`;bacB�>U1-#ed=��;fagBh$(i�;j$"�k�l1-4m/� &�ln �����$"�eokpeqf$"�� ($&%��r�!#r>M��1-4m1-sE�5%���1-.���>M�!%�W��!.�'�1-%�1-4m1-.�� �������� ���^���C���"t:� �����h�5n��!4m/� &�h�!3�1,*-�u3����l1E4m���J�v*E���l'�1-#`$&%�$('�$"�! ()+*,�- (.��u/�#�1E3� (��4w$(i 6b�!%�WGv�!#2��xK)y*-�r�z'21-#V�[�!%�Wc;{$&�|�-%}x�~Jx�4m�!'�#2$�n � �����m��1- &.M'�$&1-%O�5�!%O��'2$( & A3��mT #2$�'�'���%c6A@SNLDU9IP

8SR G�>$�i[P 8SR %�1,T�WM�5%�1-'��r�`'����0x�~�x�4m�!'�#2$�n�WM�5��%���WI3QXI�!/�/� (XQ$&%�sv'����Z.���.��! Z�F�YXQ &1-#���5#2$(�r�|iS1-#'�����lnM/�1-%���%E'2$&�- :'�1m'2���J4u�,'2#�$(n0N�; ��� 1-#=sE�5%���#�$"�k$(%�$�'2$&�- �*-�r�z'21-#V� G�>�'���$"�=��1- &.M'�$&1-%K6A@SNLD W����5�YXM��'21u'����� ��#�10*-���l'�1E#e�-�eN�\�]�>U$ � � � &$(4 8C�J��� 6�@CNLD � 9OB�>:$�i��!%�Wv1E%� &X�$(i��r�-�V�v��$(sE�5%Q*,�! &.����}1!i�;��2�,'2$&�L�����d ���JaKB �������� �������C���&��� ������2�5�- &�-#=$(%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��/�#21-3� (��4^6 8 9g6��l1��!Nz>�6�@�BED�9?�����-�='������L1E (.M'2$(1E%6�@CNLD�9�P��C� � 8 � oe%��g�5�-%�W��5#2$(*E�0'2��$"�h3QX<���5/��-#2�!'�$&1-%f1!i|*,�!#2$&�-3� (�r�u3QXb$&%�'��5sE#2�!'�$&%�sO'����c����.��,'2$(1E%� 6��Y6`9}�l1E�rN � N �������� ���b���C���(��� ������%�1-%� ($&%����-#�$&%�$('�$"�! ()+*,�! &.��?/�#21-3� (��4 6 8 9c6�¡k6U¢r>r6A@CB�D�9?�?���-�:'������L1E (.M'2$(1E%6�@CNLD�9��Y�M@+£!PE¤ 8Q¥ �rDz>AT ��$"�V�H$"�*,�- ($"W�.�%�'�$& �'������L1E (.M'2$(1E%H3����l1E4m���J$&%M��%�$�'2���!'�N�9� &1-s�£[¦HB�§ ¨��-© �����$"��okpkq�$&�ª�!%u�ln��-4�/� (�=1-i��`«���#�%�1-.� & ($�WM$�¬U�5#2�5%�'2$&�- �����.��!'�$&1-% � oe%��[���!%uWM��#�$&*-� '2���[��1- &.M'�$&1-%m3QX'������L.�3���'2$�'2.M'�$&1-%g­�@SNLDU9.�,�Y6A@SNLDl>�T ��$"�V�v (�r�-W���'21u'���� &$(%��r�!#=$&%�$('�$"�! ()+*,�- (.��`/�#�1E3� (��4^­ 8 9 ¥ � ¥ ­J>­@CB�D�9?�->MT $('��v��1- &.M'�$&1-%�­@SNLD�9}£-PE¤ 8�¥ � �������� ���^���C���"®:� �����Z¯�1-#2�5% � �r�E.��,'�$&1-%��5>�T $�'2�I'����Z4�1���'`iC�-4m$( &$&�-#�V��1E$&�5�u1!i /��!#V�!4m�5'��5#V��>�5�-%03��`T #�$('L'2�5%

6 8 9 ¥ ��B-6�¡©��B-°�± ° 8 9O£!²-6 ¥ ° ¥ 6�­J± ­ 8 9 ¥h³´ ­0¡Z6�°�§����$"�J$"�|'������l "�-�2�L$"�5�- ?�ln��!4m/� &�u1!i=�v%�1-%� &$(%����!#J��XM��'2�54µ1!ieokpkqª�`T ��1��L�h��1- &.M'2$(1E%��J�!#2�h�V���-1!'�$"� ������J��1- &.M'�$&1-%K�5�-%�%�1!' 3��`T #�$('L'2�5%K$&%K�5 (1��L�rWuiS1E#�4 �

���[OV�TUR\a�P �yK�LMK�LMK��FRWe.V�P � |_� a�mZ¶�!$YZ1E�"!¦#*/�!h <mna�`.RMT.s=a�P�T�V�RWPSe.a�PSXMu V �O`�e�TxS]�`bRMY�V TUR\Y�]��RMTU� `b]�eb^�]=svT&TUa B�Lj· V�Pu � |_�*e;TU�OV�T a�s�s=[S` R\P ^S`bV�s�TbRWs=]IV�`b]Ia�m�eb]�sv�a�P�x�a�`bxS]�`la�`��SR\���S]�`� �e�a&TU�S]®mna�`bd 2]��OVkY�]_s���a�eb]�P�dfVkuIe�]=]=d [SPSxS[SXMu�`�]=e�Tb`bR\s�TURMY�]�L¸ a�G]�Y�]=`% �V�P�u ��RW���S]�`y� a�`bxS]�` � |_� s=V�P c�]�`b]=x�[Ss=]�x:Tba$V�P ]=�[SRMY�V�XW]=P�T&eyu�e�TU]�d a�m�O`�e�Ty�Qa�`�xS]=` � |_��e_RWP$V�d?]=s��OV�P�RWskV�XÅm¥V�e��SRWa�P(c�u(R\P�TU`ba�xS[Ss�RWPS��V�xSxSRMTURWa�POV�X Y�V�`bRoV�cSXW]�e`�]=^S`�]=eb]�P�TURWP��wX\a#2]�`y�Qa�`bxS]�`tTU]�`bd?e=L}�l��] mna�XWX\a��R\PS�.]! �V�d?^SXW];RWX\XW[SeyTU`UV TU]=e�TU��RWe®`�]=xS[�sv�TbRWa�P L

������� ���¹���C���&º�� » .�/�/�1E���v'����,'Z�I4u�-�2�m¼½�,'u'2���g��%�Wf1!i`�I4m�E���� &���2�u�L/�#2$&%�sI1!i| (��%�s!'2�¾ �5nM/���#�$&�5%��5���J�viS1-#V�l�h¿�9 ¥=À @ ¾ ¥ ¾�Á Dl>AT ���5#2� À $"�`'����Z�L/�#�$&%�sg�l1E%��L'2�!%�'��-%�W ¾�Á $"�`'����Z#2���L'/�1��L$('�$&1-%v@�Â=1Q1-ÃE�-Ä ��¯��YT[D � «�X�Å[�5T�'21-%�Ä � � $(#V�L'ª¯��YT`>,'2���=4m1!'2$(1E%�$"�?sE1,*-�5#2%��rW3QXJ'2���=�!.�'�1-%�1-4m1-.������.��!'�$&1-%

¾ 8Æ8Q9 ¥À¼ @ ¾

¥ ¾ Á Dl± ¾ @CB�D�9}G�± ¾ 8V@�BED�9OÇ

Page 5: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � � ��� ��� ����������������� ��=���� ������ �����������v�v� ��� �iS1-#��L1E4��hGI�-%�WHÇY>A�g�����! "�!#�����51-%�WM)+1E#2WM��#`$(%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��u/�#21-3� &�54 � Å=1,T� &�l'6<3��Z'�����£Y)y*-���l'�1E#T $�'2�K6�������9 ¾ >Q6��(¢��M9 ¾ 8 � ������%0'2���`����.��!'�$&1-%K�5�-%03��`#���T #�$('L'2�5%K�-��'2���|��#V��'�)+1E#2WM��# �LXM�L'��54

6 �����8 9c6 �(¢�� ±6 �(¢��8 9 ¥

À¼ @C6 �����

¥ ¾ Á Dz±6 ���� @�BED�9}G�±6 �(¢� @�BED�9OÇY§

N T e��Sa�[SX\x cZ]fs=X\]kV�`©mn`ba�d TU�SR\eF]' SV�df^SX\]. �V�PSx � �]=`bs�RWe�](K�L\K�L\K�c�]=X\a# �Sa# TUa`�]=xS[Ss�]�V�P.V�`�cSR\Tb`UV�`yu;s�a�XWX\]=svTURWa�P;a�m��SR\���S]�`y�Qa�`bxS]�`~]=�[OV TURWa�PSe~TUa}V5�O`beyT��Qa�`bxS]�` e�u�e�Tb]=dwL·�a�`b]_mna�`bdfV�X�TU`b]=V�TUd?]=P�Tbe�a�mÅTb�SRWel^S`�a�s�]=e�ets=V�P�c�]_mna�[SPSxwRWP�Tb�S]�`b]vmn]=`b]�PSs=]�e=L

�l�S`�a�[S���Sa�[�TlTU�S] �O]�XWxSela�mÅa�`bxSR\POV�`�uIV�PSx�^OV�`�TURWV�X�x�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV�X�]=�[OV TURWa�PSe � V�PSxTb�S]=R\`GP[Sd?]=`�RWskV�X�V�PSV�X\u�ebR\e � TU�S]�`b]tV�`b]®V;Y�V�`bR\]�TQu?a�m�^S`�a�s�]=xS[�`b]=elR\P���SR\s���a�PS]t^S`ba�c��X\]=d R\e�`b]�xS[Ss�]=xATba V�PSa�Tb�S]=`�L W ](eb�OV�X\X}eb]�]$RWPS�Sa�dfa���]=PS]�a�[SeITb]=`bd?e�`b]�xS[Ss�]=x TUaR\PSR\TbRoV�X�xOV T�V< ZRWPSRMTURoV�X xOV�TUV�`b]=x�[Ss=]�x$Tba�c�a�[SPSxOV�`�uwY�V�XW[S]�e� V�PSxEeba�a�P L �2[�T®TU�SR\e®`b]��xS[�s�TUR\a�P?a�m���RW���S]�`y� a�`bxS]�` � |_�*e�Tba �S`be�Ty�Qa�`�xS]=`*eyu�eyTU]�dfeGRWe�[SP[Se�[OV�XjRWP&TU�SV�T<R\T*RWe�P�a�T� [SeyTtV.s�a�P�Y�]�PSRW]�PT�TU��]=a�`�]�TUR\skV�X�xS]�Y�RWs�]. jcS[�T���RW���SXMu�^S`bV�s�TbRWs=V�X­L NQP�m¥V�svT� Od?a�e�T�a�mÅTb�S]��]�PS]=`bV�XM� ^S[S`�^Za�e�] � |_�(eba�m¢T��V�`�]2s�[S`b`�]=P�TUXMu VkY�V�RWXWV�cSX\]*V�ebe�[Sdf]�e~TU�SV�TÅTb�S]2]��[OV�TUR\a�PFR\e�`�R\TbTb]=P�V�e�VU�O`beyT��Qa�`bxS]�`�e�u�e�Tb]=dwL � P�]_^OVku�ele�a�d?]}^S`bR\s=]}R\P�]��?s�RW]=P�s�u�mna�`GTU�SR\e� �c�[�TRMT�RWe�[Seb[SV�XWXMu�PSa�T�Tba�a.��`�]kV�T=L� Oa�`��*|_��e� ja�P�TU�S]�a�Tb�S]=`��OV�PSx& jeb[Ss���`b]�xS[Ss�TbRWa�P�e®V�`�]X\]=ebe<a�m¢Tb]=P�^S`bV�s�TbRWs=V�XF V�P�xIRWP�xS]=]�xITU�S]�`b]�RWe<XW]�ebe<��]=PS]�`UV�X±�Q^S[�`b^�a�eb]�eba�m¢T�2V�`�]}VkY�V�RWXWV�cSXW]a�m~V�P�u��RWP�x L

N T?dIVku e�]=]�d a�cY�R\a�[Se&TU�OV T ��K�LMK�L¨g.�Feb�Sa�[�XWx:�OVkY�]EV([SP�RW�[S]weba�X\[�TUR\a�P mna�`?V�XWXBMfEzF�*V�m¢TU]�`FV�X\XF  TU�S]f]=�[OV�TbRWa�P TU]�XWXWe©[Se;]! �V�s�TbX\u �Sa# @ s��OV�P���]=e&V TF]=V�s�� RWPSeyT�V�P�T=L�2[�TtR\P�m¥V�s�T� Oeba�X\[�TUR\a�PSelskV�Pwm¥V�R\XZTbaf]' �R\e�T�a�`lm¥V�R\XZTUa?c�]©[�PSRW�[S]� jV�PSx�V�P�]' �V�df^�XW]_a�mPSa�PS]! �RWeyTU]�PSs=]2mna�`&B2TEXWa�� gtV�^S^�]kV�`b]=xFV�XW`�]kV�x�u�RWP � �V�d?^SXW]�K�LMK�L{z\�neb]=]�V�XWe�a®� �]=`�s=RWe�]=eK�LMK�L{z4V�PSx K�LMK�Lh���vL:� a4]=P�eb[S`�] ]! �R\e�TU]�PSs=] V�PSx [SPSRW�[S]�PS]=e�e� KG] d [�e�T?dIV���]weba�d?]V�e�eb[Sd?^�TbRWa�PSe_s�a�PSs�]=`bP�RWPS�`DÅL©�l�S].e�TUV�PSxOV�`�x V�ebe�[Sdf^�TURWa�P R\e®TU�SV�T�D RWe}s�a�P�TUR\P�[�a�[Se�RMTU��`b]�eb^�]=s�T�TUa B�V�PSx�eUV�TbRWeD�O]=e�V �¥[SP�R\mna�`�d ���;%��Y��$�&%.1������9'&#M%�10%.�2' �R\Tb�w`�]=e�^Z]�s�TTba @ L �l�SRWeGdf]=V�PSe<TU�OV�TGTU�S]�`b]}]' �RWe�TbelV;s�a�PSeyT�V�P�T���f]zFe�[Ss���TU�OV T2mna�`GV�XWX @ F��QL�N PV�P�x�B2L?�¸z�F(�¹��

� D � @ F(BM��µDQ���"FaBM� ��� � � @ ��� � F ��K�IMK�Ihp����S]�`b] ����� x�]=PSa�Tb]=e<eba�d?]lPSa�`�d a�P.TU�S]�e�]�T<a�moR�� Y�]=s�Tba�`be�L�� Oa�`�R C K� �R­L{]�L�V�ebs=V�XoV�`eyu�eyTU]�d a�m~]��[OV�TUR\a�PSe% ����� R\el[Seb[SV�XWXMu � [SeyT�TU�S]©V�cSe�a�XW[�TU]}Y�V�XW[�]! � ¨L" ja�`KR T$g4 STb�S]d?a�e�T�R\df^�a�`yT�V�P�T�]! �V�d?^SX\]=e�a�mÅPSa�`bd?e�V�`b] �#�$� i �#�$� v jV�P�x �#�$�&% jV�PSx�TU��]©`�]kV�x�]=`e��Sa�[SX\x&dIV.��]leb[S`�]�TU�OV T��S]la�` e��S]lRWeÅm¥V�dfR\XWRWV�`&�R\Tb� TU�S]�eb]�]! �V�d?^SXW]�e=L ��]=]lrt^S^Z]�PSxSR) � mna�`*V_`b]vY�RW]% a�mZPSa�`bd?e=L �;r eb[��fs�RW]�PT<s�a�PSxSRMTURWa�P mna�`*i�RW^Se�s��SR\Tmxls=a�P�TUR\P[SR\TQuFRWe TU�SV�TTb�S]�^OV�`yTURWV�X�x�]=`bRMY�V�TURMY�]�a�m2D � @ F(BM� �RMTU�&`�]=eb^�]=svT�TUa @ ]! �R\e�TUe*V�PSx&RWe c�a�[SP�xS]=x.RWPFPSa�`bdc�u'� mna�`�V�XWX @ L�N P V�PSx£B5Lµ��zF(�¹�­L

�l�S]_mna�X\XWa#�RWPS�F`b]=e�[SX\T���a�]=elcSV�s���TUaf��V�[Ss���uwRWP$K6��g�zSL

Page 6: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � � ��� ��� ����������������� ��=���� ������ �����������v�v� ��� ������������� ���������������������������������� �!��"���#�$�����%'&(��%#���)��*��+,%-��.

/ �*/��"!0/�[ 04�104�32�¡�±KDQ� @ FaBM� ª�¡ ¨«¬0¢9±(�y¢9´�¬�´{¥54}�¶±(º]©G¡�¥76S¡«¨�±¹±r¬ B ¤¦¢2§�´{¢��t³¶¬0©98�²;:2*�<65¥H¨wº��q±1=�¨«¬0¢9±(�y¢9´�¬�´{¥>4}�¶±(º�©G¡�¥76S¡«¨�±J±r¬ @ ³¶¬0©�B�L��¸z�F(�¹��?A@&º9¡�¢ ±(º2¡s©H¡µ¡9B��y¥b±a¥=¤´{¢��DC�´�¡£§��y°*¡s©H¡s¢2±a��¤�ª$²a¡=³r´{¢2¨�±(�.¬0¢ @ ��BM�µ±(º"¤±¹¥s¤�±(�y¥ ® ¡s¥�±(º2¡��t¢��q±(�j¤¦²�En H¤¦²q´�¡F65©G¬ª¦².¡G8»7H ? H ?JI0¼K?

�l�S]<e�TUV�PSxOV�`�xF^S`�a�a�m�a�m��l�S]=a�`b]=d K�L\K<PSa#�V�xOVku�e% .��SR\s��FskV�P;c�]�mna�[SPSx;RWP�dIV�Puc�a�a.��e;a�P � |_��e� R\eFcOV�e�]=x a�P V�s=a�PSeyTU`�[Ss�TbRWa�P s=V�XWX\]=x4Tb�S]Id?]�Tb�Sa�x a�m�eb[�s=s=]�ebe�R\Y�]V�^�^S`ba� �RWdfV�TUR\a�PSe�a�`®Tb�S]���RWskV�`bxERMTU]=`bV�TUR\a�P L}�l��RWe_s=a�PSe�Tb`b[SsvTURWa�P(skV�P(c�]&`b]=V�XWRyx=]=xEV�eV P[Sd?]=`�RWs=V�XGd?]�Tb�Sa�x& cS[�TFPSa�TFa�PS]�a�mlTb�S]Imna�`�d+2]�e��OV�X\XGxSR\ebs�[Sebe&R\P TU��RWeFc�a�a��jL Oa�X\XWa#�RWPS�I��V�[Ss���u9|{e;a�`�RW��R\POV�X RWxS]=V< ���a�G]�Y�]=`% ~V�d?a�`b]F]=XW]�df]�P�T�V�`yuE^S`�a�a�m*s=V�P V�XWe�ac�]lcOV�e�]=xIa�P?d?a�`�]�e�TUV�PSxOV�`�xfP[Sd?]=`�RWs=V�XSd?]�TU��a�xSe% �eb[Ss��IV�e*��[SXW]�`«|{e�mna�`bd [�XoV< b��SRWs��R\efd?]=P�TUR\a�PS]�x RWP:TU�S]�PS]! �T�e�]=s�TbRWa�P�L ��]�] ¸ ]�PS`bR\s=RU�yK6����g�� a�` ¸ V�RW`�]=`% l�ML�`�eb]vTbT>NW4V�PSPS]�`6�yK6�������vL

�l�S]�a�`b]�d K�LMK�s=V�P c�]2e�Tb`b]�PS��TU��]=PS]�x&cuFV�X\XWa#�RWPS��D?Tba®c�]�i�RW^�ebs��SRMTsx2s�a�P�TUR\P�[�a�[SePSa�T�mna�`lV�X\X @ Sc�[�T�mna�` @ s=a�P<�OPS]�xwTba.V�P�a�^�]=P�eb[Sc�eb]�TMO a�mMN PFLQP�PSRW�[S]_e�a�XW[�TbRWa�P�eTb�S]=P?e�TbRWXWX�]! �RWeyTGa�P?Tb�S]�RWP�TU]�`�Y�V�X&�¸z�F(� � �� h���]=`b] � � R\e*]=R\Tb�S]=` Tb�S]��O`beyTG^�a�R\PT<V T���SRWs��Tb�S]�eba�X\[�TUR\a�P��SR\Tbe�TU�S]�c�a�[SPSxSV�`�u�a�mRO Oa�`·�6 4��SRWs��S]vY�]�`®RWele�dIV�XWXW]�`=L

SUTMSUVXWZY9[�SR[\5](^<](^<](^`_�acbedgfchjilknm'h�kZoep�q9hsr�knp9bta7puqwvKq9h�a$xy^ ��1-%���$&W��5#�'����J��XM��'2�54^1!i?okpkqª�

6 8Æ8Æ8 9c6 8Æ8 ¡h° 8 ± ° 8 N:9c6 ¢ ¡0�L$&%�@S°MD-¡0P 8 6 8 ° 8T $�'2�K$(%�$('�$"�! FW��,'V�

6A@CB�D�9c6�82@CB�D�9c6�8Æ8V@CB�D�9c°,8V@�BED�9}B�± °U@CBED�9.�E§d ��W�.��l�|'2��$&�=$(%�$('�$"�! ()y*Y�- (.��k/�#�1E3� (��4�'�1h����#V�L'L)y1-#VWM�5#��LXM�L'���4�$&%Z'2���J��'V�!%�W��!#VWhiS1E#�4¹@¥� � � � £-D �\5](^<](^ zK^|{�}a�~����manhsq9^5� /� &�-%��l'V�0@C1-#m�L.�%��5>�1E#���/��E�l���5#2�!iÆ'VD|1E#�3�$�'u�!3�1-.M'����E�V�H1!'2���5#�$(%b'���#2�5��L/��-�l�KWM$&4m�5%���$(1E%��m�-���l1-#VWM$&%�sg'21�Å=�5T�'21-%�Ä �m "�YT=�1-ies-#V�Y*Q$�'V�,'2$(1E%b�!%�W<�-���l�5 &�5#V�,'2$(1E% �`� ���!'h�!#2�'����`WM$&4m�5%���$&1-%0�-%�Wh1E#2W��5#�1!i�'2���`�l1-#2#2����/�1E%�WM$&%�s���XM��'2�54�1!i?okpeq����|� �G� � ���5%�T #�$('L'2�5%�$(%Z'�����$(#4m1E�L'e%��!'�.�#V�! FiS1-#24X����� � � ���5%}#��rWM.��l�rWv'210�u��#2�L'L)y1-#VWM�5#e�LXM�L'��54X� @\����$&�e/�#21-3� &�54 $"�k$(%�'���%�WM�rW'�1<3��I��'2#2�-$(sE��'LiS1-#2T��!#VW��[WM1<%�1!'K�,'L'2�54m/M'v�l &�5*E�5#h'2#�$"�VÃM�Z��.��V� �E�h#2��WM.��l'�$&1-%�'21<�5�5%�'���#L)y1!iÆ)y4u�-�2��l1Q1-#VWM$&%��,'2��� � D\5](^<](^��g^>���ti�q9h�a7m�f$aR�Gm�b�d(mKij�gd�a$ma$q�qc^�� /�/� &X®������1-#2�54 � � �|'21Z����1,T �5nQ$"�L'��5%��l�J�!%�WK.�%�$"�E.��5%��r��� 1-i'������L1E (.�'�$&1-%��[T������Y*-�`sE$(*E�5%KiS1-#e'����JiS1- & &1,T $(%�sZ$(%�$('�$"�! ()y*Y�- (.��J/�#21-3� &�54u��>��L'2�!'�$&%�sh�lnM/� &$"�l$('� &X�XE1-.�#�V��1-$"�l�r��1!iA�L.�$('2�-3� &�J¯�$&/����V��$�' � �51-%��L'2�-%�'2�*���� �n� q?n��-4�/� (��� � � � � ���� � q?n��-4�/� (��� � � � © �� f1� q?n��-4�/� (��� � � � � �e� $&#2�L'�>�3QXK�51-%���$"WM�5#2$(%�sh6 8 9O6=¡06U¢`$�'V�L�� �i�>U�5nQ/� &�-$(%gT �QX_������1-#2�54 � � �WM1Q���%�1-'Fs-.��!#V�!%�'������5nM$&�L'���%��l��1-#�.�%�$&��.���%����2��iS1E#F�- ( EN�vB � Å=�5n�'r>,3QXk�51-%���$&W��5#2$(%�s�'2����'2#2�-%��LiS1-#24��rW����.��!'�$&1-%u­�8�9 ¥ � ¥ ­J>-����1,T�'����,'������51-#2�54 � � �Z���9���esE.��!#V�!%�'���� �lnM$"��'2�5%��5�e�!%�Wm.�%�$"�E.��5%��r���

Page 7: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � � ��� ��� ����������������� ��=���� ������ �����������v�v� ��� �.�%�'�$& A�L.��V�K'2$(4m�m�-�[6c4u�YX03����51-4m�J$&%M��%�$('�� � q�nM�E�z'2 (X���1,T WM1Q���='�����/�#�1Q1-iA1-i?'����'�����1-#2�54iC�!$& ��!'�'2���,'=/�1-$&%�'7�

� b�� q?n��-4�/� (��� � � � £ �\5](^<](^��g^��Rknma7�gi<q9h�a$m�f$a��Gm�b mknmd�mKi �gd�a7ma�q1qc^ ��1-%���$"WM�5#�'2���J�����! "�!#�$&%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��|/�#21-3� &�54

6�8Q9c6��:± 6�@�BED�9c6��vBiS1-#=��1-4m�`�l1E%���'V�!%�'��X�vB �� �n� � 1E#[T ��$"�V� �fWM1Q��� �����51-#2�54 � � �JsE.��!#V�!%�'����|�lnM$&�L'���%��l���!%�WK.�%�$&��.���%����2�=1-iª�L1E (.�'�$&1-%���iS1E#e�- ( N�vB����� � � 1E#���9O£k�!%�W�6��F9?�->!%�1J��1- &.M'2$(1E%iS1E#��! & �N�KBe�lnM$"��'V� �� �5#2$(iSXJ'���$&�?$&%MiS1E#�4u�! & &XJ3QX`��%�WM$&%�sJ�-%�lnM/� &$"�l$('[�L1E (.M'2$(1E%�'����!'=3� (1,T=��.�/K'�1u$&%M��%�$('�XZ$&%v����%�$('��|'�$&4m� � @+o[i?�l1-.�#2���`�L.��V�v�-%��5n��!4m/� &�3QXh$('2���5 (iAWM1Q�r� %�1!'=�51-%��L'�$('�.M'2�J��/�#�1Q1-iF1!iA%�1E%��lnM$"��'2�5%��5� � D� f1� � 1E#���9 �¢ �!%�WZ6���9}B�>-'2���5#2�e$"��4m1-#2�['2���!%01-%��|�L1E (.�'�$&1-% �?� $(%�WZ1E%��e1-i�'����54K>��!%��L1-3Q*Q$&1-.����1-%�� � �����5%���%�Wb�-%�1!'2���5#��L1-3Q*Q$&1-.����K1-%�� � Å[1,T��l1-%���'2#�.��l'��-%H$(%���%�$('��0iC�!4m$( &XI1!i[WM$"�L'�$&%��z'

��1- &.M'�$&1-%�� �\5](^<](^���^���knmhji<md�i h<v���ishj}Zp$a�qs~,acfch�h�k N ^ �����51E#���44� � �ª#��r�E.�$(#2�����l1E%E'2$(%Q.�$('�X|T $�'2�#2����/��r�z'F'�1kN��-�FT��� ( �-�e¯�$&/����V��$�' � �l1E%�'�$&%�.�$�'�X�T $�'2�c#2����/��r�z'e'�1h6 � » ��1,T '2���,'e'���$"�|�-�2�L.�4�/�'�$&1-%g�5�-%�%�1-'e3���WM$"�L/��5%��L�rWT $�'2�m3�XJ��%�WM$&%�s`�!%�$(%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.���/�#�1E3� &�54K>!$&%�WM�5/��5%�WM�5%�'�1!i��J>!$&%�T ��$&�V���u$"�A.�%�$(iS1-#24m (X¯�$(/����V��$(' ��l1E%E'2$(%Q.�1E.���T $�'2�0#2����/��r�z'�'�1�6K3�.M'=WM$"���51-%�'�$&%Q.�1-.���T $('��0#��r�L/����l'�'21�Nz>M�-%�WuiS1E#�T ��$&�V��%�1m�L1E (.M'2$(1E%�lnM$"��'V�ª1E%Z�!%QXm$(%�'2�5#2*Y�- B�±!�#"UT $�'2�$�'�vB � �&% i<mh(' �51-%���$&W��5#�'2���|WM�5sE�5%���#2�!'��[���-���[$&%ZT ��$"�V�)�A@S6�±CNLD$&��$&%�WM��/���%�WM��%E'e1!iF6 � D

Page 8: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� ��� �

,.-���-�� 365()�#&+X� D >v'G3=J~'�)©% ��Hf+·� D >=#&J

� 1���'J%Q.�4m�5#2$"�5�! ?4m�5'���1MW��$(%I�5*E�5#2Xv���� &W��-#��m3��E�L�rW}1E%�WM$&�2�l#2�l'2$ � �,'2$(1E% �h� 1E#`'����0�L1E (.M'2$(1E%1!i�1E#2W�$(%��-#�XmWM$(¬���#���%�'�$"�! �����.��,'2$(1E%���>E1E%��e1-i:'����k4m1E�L'�/�1,T��5#�iS.� �W�$&�2�l#2�l'2$ � �,'�$&1-%h�L'�#V�,'2�5sE$(�r�ªsE1��r��3QX'����`%��!4m�|1!i��� ���������������������������� �! � �» .�/�/�1��L��T����!#2�Js-$&*-��%c�!%g$&%�$('�$"�! ()+*,�- (.���/�#21-3� &�547@n� � � � £ED�'����,'k�2�,'2$&�L���r�='2�����QXQ/�1!'����������=1-i�����51E#���4C� � �m1-%���1-4m�m$(%�'���#�*,�- B�± ��" � ������%O$('J���E�`�K.�%�$"�E.��h�L1E (.M'2$(1E%I6�@CNLDk1-%}'����!'$(%�'2�5#2*Y�- �>3�.M'�'������L1E (.M'2$(1E%H�5�-%�#2�-#��� (X}3��uiS1E.�%�WH�-%��! &X�'�$"�5�- ( &X � ¯��5'#"Z�IBv3����v#2���! ª%�.�43��5#r>F'2���$�%����&�%����>��!%�W� &�l'[N �E±CN � ±L§L§�§�3��WM�5��%��rWK3�X0N('[9*)+" � oe.�#=s-1��! :$"� '�1h�51-%��L'�#2.��l'[�h�L�r��.��5%��5�`1!iA*,�! &.����° � ±C° �,±�§L§�§���.��V�Z'2���,'

° ' ¦c6�@CN('MDz± ) KB�§ @n�E§ £�§q�YD@M�����J��.�/��5#V���5#�$&/M'V���-#��|%�1-' �lnM/�1E%��5%�'V�&,w��T��k�-#��| &���Y*Q$&%�s�#21Q1-4�iS1E#=�L.�3����5#�$&/M'2��'21u�-�5�51-4m4m1MW��,'2��L/��,'�$"�! AWM$"���5#��5'�$ � �!'�$&1-%v$&%c "�,'���#k�V���!/M'2�5#V� � D � ���- &��10��1-4m�l'2$(4m�r�[T #2$�'2�°U@SN ' D=$(%���'2���-Wc1!i�°

'� ¯��l'� ' 3��|'����J�-3�3�#2�5*Q$"�,'�$&1-%

� ' 9��A@C° ' ±�N('�Dz§ @n�E§ £�§ £ED� ($&%����-#|4.� ('�$"��'2�5/O4m�l'���1QWO$"�|�ZiS1E#�4�.� "�hiS1E#|���! "�l.� "�,'2$(%�s0�r�-�V�c%��5Tj*,�- (.���° '.- �JiS#�1E4¹��1-4m��1-i'����|/�#2�5*Q$&1-.���*,�! &.�����° � ±�§L§L§2±C° ' �-%�W � � ±L§�§L§V± � ' �0/ qª��.��,'2$(1E%c@n� � £ � ���rD�3��� (1,T�T $& & :4m�-Ã-�['���$"��4m1-#2�/�#2���l$"��� �

� �h�L���- ( �'2�!ÃE��'����Z�!'L'2$�'2.�WM�->A�L'2�!%�W��!#VWc$&%O'���$"�|���� &W�>�'2���,'`'2���h�!$&4¹$&%H�L1E (*Q$&%�sK�!%I$(%�$�'2$&�- �)*,�! &.���/�#�1E3� (��4 %Q.�4m�5#2$&���! & (X`$"�F'�1`�-�V��$&�5*E���e/�#2���2�l#2$(3���W��-�5�5.�#V�-�lX|T $('���'�����.�����1!i��E�FiS�5THiS.�%��z'2$(1E%�5*,�! &.��!'�$&1-%�� �A@C° ' ±�N ' D?�E��/�1E�2�L$&3� &� � � %u1!'����5#ªT�1-#VW���>!1-3�'2�!$&%�$&%�s`iS.�%��z'�$&1-%Z*Y�- (.����?$"�ª�E����.�4m��W�'21J3���L1��lnM/��5%���$&*-�e'����!' �- ( ���.�3�������.���%�'�4u�!%�$(/�.� &�!'�$&1-%��w���- ( ��1,*-�5#2���r�-W �`1E/���#2�!'�$&1-%��w���!#2�=���2�L��%�'�$"�! & (XiS#���� �`� 1E#e�r�-��X0/�#�1E3� (��4u�='2��$&�|�E����.�4m/M'�$&1-%c4m�YXK3���.�%�#��r�! &$&�L'�$"�!>U3�.�'k$('k$"�['��������!#VWM��#e/�#21-3� (��4m�'����!'h4u�,'L'2�5#u4m1-#2� ��� 1E#u���!#VWH/�#�1E3� (��4u�m*Y�- (.����m1!i#��4u�YXH3��v*-��#�X��5nQ/��5%��L$&*-��'�1�WM�5'���#�4m$&%��->/��!#�'�$"�l.� &�-#� &Xu$�i�'����5X0�-#��|1E3M'2�-$(%��rWZ3QXZ��1- &*Q$(%�sm�-%0$&%�%���#[�! &s-��3�#V�!$"�=1-#=W�$�¬U�5#2�5%�'�$"�! :�r��.��,'2$(1E% �¯�$&%��r�!#=4�.� �'2$&�L'���/v4m�l'���1QW��=�!#2�JWM����$&s-%��rWZ'21u4m$(%�$&4m$ � �JiS.�%��z'�$&1-%v��*,�! &.��,'2$(1E%���3QX0.���$&%�sm'�����!/�/�#�1YnM$&4m�!'��k*,�! &.�����° ' �-%�W � ' #2�5/����!'���W� (X ��������L$&4m/� &���L'A &$&%����-#�4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/�4��5'���1MW$&�?�e1-%��5)y�L'���/J4m�l'2��1MW��Y'���� S ���1����iS1-#24.� "��>!WM�5��%��rW3QX

° '2- � 9c° ' ¡3" � ' § @n�E§ £�§ ©�D�����Z4m1-'�$&*Y�!'�$&1-%IiS1E#J'���$&�iS1-#24.� "�K$"� &$(%����!#��lnQ'�#V�!/�1- "�,'2$(1E%�>A�-�J��.�s-sE���L'��rWI$(% � $&s-.�#2��� � £ � �r� � � i° � $&�es-$&*-��%�@S/�#2����.�4u�!3� &XK�L�5'e����.��- �'21u'�����$(%�$�'2$&�- F*,�! &.���6 � Dl>U$�'k$&�e�h��'2#2�-$(sE��'LiS1-#2T��!#VWZ4u�,'�'���#='�1�!/�/� (Xb@¥� � £ � ©ED['�1v�51-4m/�.M'2�m��.����l���2��$(*E��*,�! &.��r�|°��,±C°Q¢-±�§L§L§ � q�.� &�5#rÄ �e4m�5'���1MWO$&�`�-%}�5n��!4m/� &��1-i��-%��45� �162�7�8� �29:�&�%����;<�=�>�?� �� �� #��� &�!'���Wg ($&%����-#e4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/O4��5'���1MWc$&�e'����A@B�C6%D5EF���> S ���1���K@C1-#G��� �162� S � ����!D iS1E#L)4.� "��>��- &��1u��1-%��5)y�L'���/ZiS1E#�4�.� &��>�WM�l��%���W�3QX

° '.- � 9g° ' ¡3" � '.- � § @n�E§ £�§ �QD�����K�LT $('2�V��iS#21-4 � ' '21 � '2- �u$"���c3�$&sc1E%��->�iS1-#�$�'m4u�!Ã-�r�J'2����3��-�VÃQT��!#VWOqª.� &�5#�iS1-#24.� "�*1�H9� �16�I� � � �5�l1E#2W�$(%�s�'�1v@¥� � £ � £-Dz> �

'2- �[$&� �-%��-3�3�#2�5*Q$&�!'�$&1-%ZiS1-# �A@S° '.- �,±CN '.- � D � �����5#2�liS1E#��E>�$('=T�1-.� "W=#>2?;ÀMIO?�I�JeAMWÅÄ�J ' AM?�`AK ' ADJHI ] IOCFEHLDJHPkZY?�¾ ¿ Ä'^�S!E-ZfElZYP-PHAD@ I&EHL EHG%Z[?�LQLM@�EHG�ION AMP-PTCOAMW[ADJHP:M%EHG�I$I�V!EHIF?�PTZYLX?�EHLP g!P EHION�PkLD@ IlÉ�S�A EHZ[LM?�PlZYP IOAMP g�a

Page 9: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� ��� �

o

o

*

*

oo

o

**

*

N('

° '

N('.- �

° '.- �

N(' ¤ �

° ' ¤ �

N('

° '

N('.- �

° '.- �

� �n� q�.� (��# �s� � 4�$"WM/�1-$&%�'

� ��8��� � ���"t��C��� oe%��u��'2�5/}1!iª'2���uq�.� &�5#`�-%�Wc4m$"WM/�1-$&%E'|iS1E#�4�.� &�E� � �����u�L1E ($"Wc�5.�#�*E���#2�5/�#2�����5%�' %�1!' '2���`�ln��E�z'[��1- &.M'�$&1-%0'�1m'2���J$&%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��`/�#21-3� &�54K>M3�.�'='����`�5n��-�z'[��1- &.M)'�$&1-%�'21�'2���`/�#21-3� &�54�6 8 9���>�6A@SN ' D�9g° ' �

�!/�/����-#�'����!'=° '2- �k�5�-%�%�1!' 3��WM�5'��5#24m$(%���W0iS#�1E4¹@n� � £ � �QD�.�%� &���2� $�'=$"� �! &#2���-W�XhÃQ%�1,T %!, � %�iC�-�z'r>M'�1$(4m/� &�54m��%E'k�!%K$(4m/� &$"�l$('=iS1-#24.� "��>�1-%��`4�.���'=��4m/� (1,X��!%K$('��5#V�,'2$(1E%K1!i?�L1E4��`ÃQ$&%�W0'�1Z��1- &*-�kiS1E# '����.�%�ÃQ%�1,T %0° '.- �,>��-%�Wu'2��$&��$&%Q*-1E (*E�����lnQ'�#V�T�1-#2ÃU>Q%�1!'�'�1�4m�5%�'�$&1-%0'����|��.��r��'2$(1E%���1!i��lnM$&�L'���%��l�|�!%�W.�%�$"��.��5%��r��� �0/ «�.M'=�-��T��k�����! & U�L���->�'����`�EWM*,�!%�'2�-s-�=1-i�@n� � £ � �QD�$"��'����!'�$&%0��1-4m�|�L$('�.��!'�$&1-%���$('�4u�YX3��u�L'2�-3� (��T ����%f@¥� � £ � ©ED $"�`�5�!'2�E��'2#�1E/���$"�5�! & &X0.�%���'V�!3� &� � ����#�1E.�s-��1E.M'k'����m%Q.�4m�5#2$&���! A�L1E (.�'�$&1-%c1-iWM$(¬���#���%E'2$&�- :����.��!'�$&1-%���>Q'�����#��`$"�=��'�#V�-W��51!¬g3��l'�T��5��%K�lnM/� &$&�5$�'=4m�l'2��1MW���>�T ��$"�V�Z'2�5%�W�'21�3��`���E�L$&�5#'�1J$&4m/� &�54m�5%�'�>Q�!%�Wm$(4m/� &$&�5$�'�1-%��r�5>ET ��$&�V�m'2�5%�W�'21J3��=4m1-#2�=��'V�!3� &� � ��X�/�$&���! & (X'���$"�?'2#2�EWM�51-¬h'2�-Ã-���'����[iS1-#24{'����!'��!%u�5nM/� ($"�l$('�4m�5'���1MWu#2����.�$&#��r�� &���2��T�1-#2Ã/��5#�'�$&4m�e�L'��5/�>�T ��$( &�e�-%u$(4m/� &$&�5$�'�4m�l'2��1MW$&�`�-3� &�m'�1�'2�-Ã-�m &�-#�sE�5#`�!%�Wc����%��l�miS��T���#|'�$&4m�h��'2�5/��`T $('���1-.M'�2�-�5#�$(���l$&%�sK�-���l.�#V�-�5XK'�1K.�%��L'2�-3� (�1E�2�l$& ( "�,'2$(1E%�� � /� %K�5nM�-4m/� (�|1-iA��4m1-#2�`�-�5�5.�#V�,'��k &$(%��r�!# 4�.� �'2$&�L'���/�iS1-#24.� "��$&��'2���G�&�>��� �����=1 �#�.� (�E>

° '.- � 9 ° ' ¡ "£ @ �

' ¡)� '2- � Dl± @n�E§ £�§ �ED�! "�L1u�-%0$&4m/� ($"�l$('=1-%��l) ��'2�5/0iS1-#24.� "� � � %�1!'����5# $"��'���� � �� �=1� �[#2.� &�->

° '.- � 9 ° ' ¤ � ¡�£�" � ' ± @n�E§ £�§ ¨�D�!%v�5nQ/� ($"�l$(' �:EF� 9 �������<iS1-#24.� "�g@ � $&s-.�#2��� � £ � ��3�D � �����iC�-�l'['����,'�@¥� � £ � ¨ED�$&%Q*-1E (*E����4.� �'2$(/� &��'�$&4�� (��*-�� &��#V�!$"�L�r���k%���T<WM$��h�l.� ('�X ��� �=�5�!%��L�5'?°

� 9g6 � >!3�.M'?'�1`�l1E4m/�.M'���° �ªT $�'2��'2��$"��iS1-#24.� "��>!T ���5#2�=#>2? PTLDijC�AMWYWYI�`6d!JHI�`%ZYCFEHLDJTijCOLMJTJHIOC�EHLMJ�N�IFEHG%L'`%PqÄ ?�LDE�`!Z[PTCFS�PTPTI�` ZY? EHG%Z[P ^#L�L%L�Ä EHG�I7ZYEHI�JeADEHZYLX?6Z[P EHIFJHN�ZY?�ADEHIO`^#IF@ LMJHI COLM?!]XIFJ.ÀXIO?%COImÄZÀXZY]'ZY?«À�A CFW ADPTP LD@ N�IFEHG%L'`%PkZY?�EHIFJHN�I�`%Z[A EHI&^#IFE m<IOIO?KI�V%d%WYZ[CFZYE AD?�`�ZYN�d%W[ZYCOZfE�a=<S!E `%LX?�� E W[ZYP EHIO? EHLKd#IOLXd%WYIQmlG�LnEeADW L AM^#LMS%E� CFLX?�PTI�JH]XA EHZ[LM? LM@ `!Z���COS�WfE2g��nAMP Zf@kEHG�IFJHI m-IFJHI�?�IF] IFJ AM?�gCOWYI�A JlmlZ[?%?�IFJHP��¯Ç5I&PTG�ADWYWbPTIFI&EHG�ADE-PTLXN�IFEHZYN�IOP-I�V%d%WYZ[CFZYElN�I�EHG�L'`%P-ADJHI&]MAMP EHWfg7N�LMJHI I���COZYIO?�EkEHG�AD?�ZYN�d%W[ZYCOZfELM?�IOP h W[ADJ.ÀMI ?%LX?!i2P EHZfR�P g!P EHION�PkLD@Á5Âoà P k Ä%AD?�`nPTLMN�IFEHZYN�IOPkZfE ZYPkEHG�I JHIO] IFJHPTI h PTN�ADW[WbP EHZfR�P g%P EHIFN�P k a

Page 10: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� ��� ��L���! & ?T��usE�l'`°�¤ � ��oe#`$�i T���T��!%�'|'�1v3��5sE$(%I3QXc�51-4m/�.M'2$(%�sv°Q¢!>FT ���5#2�h�����! & ?T��msE�l'J° ���$����$&�$(%�$�'2$&�- ($ � �!'�$&1-%u/�#21-3� &�54{$"�ª�`sE�5%���#2�- �1-%��=iS1-#ª &$&%����-#�4.� ('�$"�L'��5/hiS1-#24.� "�-��>E�-%�Wm$�'��5�-%u3��[�EW�WM#2���2�L�rW$(%0�L��*-�5#V�! �T��YXM� � oe%��e$&�ª'�1��5�! "�l.� &�!'��='2���[4m$"����$&%�s*,�! &.��r��%Q.�4m�5#2$&���! & (X�3QXu�L1E4��e�L$&4m/� (��#ªiS1E#�4�.� "��L.��V�}�-�kq�.� (��#�Ä �[4m�5'���1MW���/�1�����$&3� (X}�!/�/� &$&��Wc���5*E�5#V�! �'�$&4��r�|T $�'2�}���L4u�- ( &�5#k*,�! &.���1-i "g'�1K�Y*-1-$"W (1����[1!iª�E�5�l.�#2�E�lX � � %�1-'�����#e$"�='21Z���-%�WM &�J'2���$&%�$('�$"�! &$ � �,'�$&1-%c/�#�1M�5���2�=3QX�d=.�%�s-�5)��|.�'L'2�Z4m�l'���1QW��5>'�1m3��JWM$&�2�l.�������W�$&% » �r�z'2$(1E%F� � � �� %}�����!/M'2�5# ©T��|�L���- ( :���5�e'����!'�'����eiS1-#24.� "�-�|@¥� � £ � ©ED��:@n� � £ � ¨�DA���Y*-�e$(4m/�1-#�'2�-%E' �!%��! &1-sE�ªiS1-#/��!#�'�$"�! �W�$�¬U�5#2�5%�'�$"�! ª����.��,'2$(1E%�� � � � 1-#J'����h�r�-��$(��#`/�#21-3� &�54u�|1!i�1-#VWM$&%��!#2XcWM$(¬U�5#2�5%�'�$"�! ��r��.��,'2$(1E%��5>��1,T��5*-��#�>�'2���5X��-#��c'�1Q1b/�#2$&4�$('�$&*-�ciS1-#�4m1E�L'0/�.�#2/�1E����� � � %��L'��r�-W�1E%��c.��L.��- ( &Xf'�.�#2%��0'�1<4m1-#2��l1E4�/� ($"�5�!'���W��-%�W�4m1-#2�Z�E�5�l.�#2�!'��miS1-#24.� &�E�5>A�L.��V�b�-�|'2��� ; �8���%�%�!9:� �> ����� �� ��� 9�A� ��� ;<� � ���iS1-#24.� "��>

° '.- � 9 ° ' ¡ "£��� � � �

' ¥��� � ' ¤ � ¡0© � � ' ¤U¢ ¥ � � ' ¤ ´�� ± @n�E§ £�§��-D

�!%��lnM/� &$&�5$�' iS1E.�#�)y�L'���/ZiS1E#�4�.� &��>M1-#�'2��� ;<�=��� ���+9 �=� �����$ �C���&9�� �=� �I�%�=�ciS1-#24.� "��>° '.- � 9 ° ' ¡ "

£�� � �'.- � ¡©��� � ' ¥ � � ' ¤ � ¡ � ' ¤U¢ � ± @n�E§ £�§ ²�D

�!%�$&4m/� ($"�l$('Z'2��#2�5�l) �L'��5/�iS1E#�4�.� "� � � %�1!'����5#Z$&4m/� &$&�5$�'0'���#2�5�5)y�L'���/�iS1-#24.� "��$"�u'����*��� I�> +9 �=�> ����@ � 6�D5EA���> �� ��� ��� ��� �%���%�8�OiS1-#24.� "��>° '.- � 9 � ³��� °

' ¥���� °

' ¤ � ¡ ¢��� °' ¤U¢ ¡����� " �

'2- � ± @n�E§ £�§ ��DT ��1E���`�-WM*,�-%E'V�!sE�51-.����L'2�-3�$( &$('�XZ/�#21-/��5#�'�$&����T $& ( �3��JWM$"���5.��2�L�rWZ$&% » ���l'�$&1-% � � ² �������� ��� ���"t��C��� ¯��l'ª.���/��5#�iS1-#24{�-%u�lnM/���#�$&4m�5%�'�'21��l1E4m/��!#2�=�L1E4m�=1!iU'��������[4m�l'2��1MW�� � �����$(%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��|/�#�1E3� &�54�T $& ( �3��

6 8 9c6�± N��� B�±+£ "+±_6A@CB�D�9?�-± @¥�-§ £M§h��B�DT ��1E���u�L1E (.�'�$&1-%O$&�`��$(4m/� &Xg6A@SNLD:9�P 8 �u� $(sE.�#��}� � £ � £0�l1E4�/��!#2���e'����u�5n��-�z'J��1- &.M'�$&1-%OT $('��O'����m%Q.M)4m�5#2$&���! ª��1- &.M'�$&1-%��J1-3�'2�!$&%��rWI3�X}'����Zq�.� &�5#��!%�WI4m$"WM/�1E$(%�'�iS1-#24.� "�-�`T $('�� "|9bB�§ £K�!%�W�"|9bB�§h� �@ � 1-#J��$(4m/� &$&�5$�'�XE>�T���'21Q1-Ãg° �����.��! A'21�'����u�5nM�E�z'|*,�! &.��m6�@CN � De'�1v�L'2�-#L'k'����u4m$"WM/�1-$&%E'`iS1E#�4�.� "� � D� �L1E (.M'2$(1E%}T $('��}'�����iS1E.�#�'��M)y1-#VWM�5# � W��!4u��) «��-���MiS1-#�'��ciS1-#24.� "�0T��E�k�- &��10���! "�l.� "�,'2��W:>�3�.M'`$&�|$&%M)WM$"��'2$(%�sE.�$"�L���-3� &�|iS#�1E4�'����J�ln��-�l'[�L1E (.�'�$&1-%K$(%K'2���J/� &1!' � Å[1!'2$&�5�|'����!'='����4�$"WM/�1-$&%�'=iS1-#24.� "�mWM1Q���4.��V�I3��l'�'��5#J'����-%I'����hqª.� (��#|iS1-#24.� "��>��!%�W}'2���,'�5.M'L'2$(%�s�"g$&%����! (i�$(4m/�#21,*-�r�e3�1!'2� � �F1v4u�!ÃE�'���$"� /�#2���5$&���->6���!3� &��� � £ � �`�l1-4m/��-#��r��'2���`*,�!#2$(1E.����5#2#�1E#2��6A@�£ED

¥ °�@+£-D � �����k��%��! ��51- &.�4m%01-iF#V�,'�$&1E��L.�s-s-�r��'V��'����!' '����`��#�#21-#V��iS1E#�'����|'2��#2�5�kiS1-#24.� "�-�����Y*E�e4u�-s-%�$('�.�W�������@1"�Dz>���@ "M¢�Dl>��!%�W���@1"! rD��-�"=\�B � �����` &�!'L'���#���s-.�#��`�-���l1E.�%�'2��iS1-#�'2���`%��!4m� �LiS1-.�#�'��M)y1-#VWM��#9� ����5�k'����`%��lnQ'[�����z'2$(1E% �

Pt^�TUa&Tb�SRWe�^�a�RWP�TKG];�SV6Y�];X\RWeyTU]=xwV mn]% mna�`bd [�XoV�e% �eba�df] �R\Tb��`UV�Tb�S]=`�s=a�df^SX\RM�s=V�TU]�x�s�a�]&�fs�RW]�PTbe� ZV�PSxweb�Sa#�PwTU�OV�T�Tb�S]�u Ga�`M��V�T�XW]kV�e�Tlmna�`�a�PS]�^S`�a�cSX\]=dwL ja�`�TU[��POV TU]=XMu� �TU�S]_e�[Sc � ]=svT�a�m XWR\PS]kV�`Gd [SXMTURWeyTU]�^Id?]�TU��a�xSe2�OV�e�V ��`�]kV�Tlx�]kV�XZdfa�`�]®a�`�xS]=`lR\PRMTlTU�OV�P�Tb�SRWe�L�r P[SdFcZ]�`�a�m~�[S]�e�TUR\a�PSe�eb[S����]=eyT�Tb�S]=d?eb]�X\Y�]=e��

, W �OV�T�R\e�TU�S]���]�PS]=`bV�X mna�`bd a�m~V.X\RWPS]=V�`�d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�df]vTU�Sa�x#"� ÃhS�WYIFJlÄ -AMC L�mkA Je`Kà S%W[I�JlÄ!$4JeAD?�L�i�%$ZYCOLXWYPTLM?¦Ä#AD?�`'&�I�ADdKÈ%JHLmÀ!a

Page 11: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� �����

**

**

**

*

*

*

*

*

oo

oo

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

* * * * * * * **

**

**

**

**

*

*

*

*

o o o o o o oo

oo

oo

oo

oo

o

o

o

o

o

� � ��

� � ��

» ¤0¼ � C�z�I¨g » ª�¼ � C�z�IMK

� %a�97*!0/ 04���o���8����a�X\[�TUR\a�P�a�mK�yK�Lhg�LMK�z �Gc�u�Tb�S]©�*[�XW]=` ���.�lV�PSx�dfR\xS^�a�RWP�T ������mna�`bd [SXWV�e=L

� C�z�Ihg � C�zI\K � C�zI z�� `bV�TUR\a � � C�z�I\K_Tba � CVI z��.���[SX\]=` K�LMK6����p�g z�Lh����K���� z�Lqp�z���z�� K�Lh��z·�R\xS^�a�RWP�T z�L z���z���� z�L z�g�p���g z�L z�z���z�� p�Lh��gr5�2z z�L z�z�z�g�g z�L z{z�z�p�� z�L z�z�z�z�p K6g�L¨�/ )���3./ 04���8�104�l��`�`ba�`�e @ � g��� � � g��Gmna�`�TU��]©]' �^Z]�`bRWd?]=P�T�a�m ~RW��[S`b] K�L¨g�Lhg�L

, ��V�P�V�^S^S`�a�^S`�RoV�Tb]_s=a�]��?s=R\]=P�TUe�c�]©x�]=`bRMY�]�x�R\P�V.e�u�eyTU]=dfV�TbRWs 2V6u ", ¸ a# V�s=s�[S`UV�Tb]©V�`b]_TU��]=eb]©d?]�TU��a�xSe ", ��V�P�V�P�uTU�SR\PS�.��a8�`ba�PS� "

NQP Tb�S]Fmna�X\XWa#�RWP��?^SV���]=e�2]Feb�OV�X\XÅe�]=]FTb�OV�TtTU�S]�eb] �[S]�e�TUR\a�PSe}�SV6Y�]FY�]�`�u�RWP�TU]�`b]�e�TUR\PS�V�P�eMG]=`be�L

W ]®skV�PIT�V.��]}skV�`b]®a�m TU�S]��O`beyT�a�P�]®`bR\����T�V�2VkuIc�ufxS]%�OP�RWPS�©TU�S]t��]=PS]�`UV�XZXWR\PS]kV�`d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�mna�`�d [SXoV4�

Page 12: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� ��� �

� ¢����sYZ1�/ ��3a%('*/�)�!�[�7&3�10%(YH1�/ ��\q�"!$[�7M3.)��t¥Q¤�³¶¬0©98?´{²�¤��

�� �~ � �� � � C �

���� �� � D� � � �yK�IhgIMK�K��

³¶¬0©�¥G¬K8?¡�¨Z¬0¢�¥b±¶¤¦¢9±(¥��$~ ��� ¤¦¢9§�� � � � 4}�q±aº]~ � C:K ¤¦¢2§ ¡��q±aº2¡�©�~ ���C�z�¬0© � ���CEz,?� ³ � � C�z£±(º9¡u³¶¬�©c8?´{²j¤ �t¥K/�� �M3(%��¯%�1{­"¤$¢2§��t³ � � �C�z �q±S�t¥ %a[ �M3(%��¯%�1�?

��]kV�xS]�`be m¥V�d?RWX\RoV�`&�RMTU�&]�XW]=svTU`�RWskV�X�]=P���RWPS]�]=`�RWPS�_dfVkuFPSa�TURWs�]2TU�SV�T��yK�L¨g�LMK�K�� XWa�a��eX\R ��]<TU�S]GxS]%�SPSR\TbRWa�P a�m�Vu!0/��¯7*!$Yb%��2/�a�` ����� #&%a�9%�1�)43�¶�3.1b/�! � � ^S^Z]�PS�S]�RWd NA��s��OV�mn]=`% K6����� �vLIi�RWPS]=V�`�d [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^$mna�`�d [SXoV�e_skV�P RWPSxS]�]=x cZ].TU�Sa�[S����TFa�mlRWP$TU�SR\e �Vku� V�PSxdfV�P�u?a�m�TU�S]®RWebe�[S]=eGTUa c�]}xS]�ebs=`�RWc�]=x��S]�`b]_V�XWeba;s=a�d?]®[�^�RWPIx�RW��RMT�V�XjebR\��POV�Xj^S`�a�s�]=e�ey�R\PS�- �e�[Ss��fV�e~TU��]l^S`ba�c�XW]=d a�mjeyT�V�cSR\XWRMTQuFV�PSx TU�S]2RWxS]=V}a�mOTU]�e�TUR\PS�}mna�` RMT c�u X\a�a.��R\PS��mna�`x�]=`ba�e<a�m V�^Za�X\u�PSa�d?RoV�X�RWP Tb�S]�[SPSRMT*xSRWeM� a�m�TU�S]�s=a�df^SX\]! ^SXoV�P�]�L r�X\RWPS]=V�` d [SXMTUR\e�TU]�^mna�`�d [SXWV RWe�PSa�T��[SR\Tb]FV.xSR\��R\TUV�X �OXMTU]�`�a�mÅTb�S];[�eb[OV�X �RWP�x& j�Sa#2]vY�]=`�LlNQP�a�PS];`�]=e�^Z]�s�TRMT_RWe}d?a�`�] ��]=P�]=`UV�XF e�RWPSs�].Tb�S] mn[SPSsvTUR\a�P�D4xS]=^�]=P�xSe;a�P @ V�PSx,B�`UV TU�S]�`}TU�OV�P$a�P,BV�X\a�PS]�L;NQP$V�P�a�TU�S]�`_`b]�eb^�]=s�T©RMT}RWe®dfa�`�] POV�`�`ba# �ebR\PSs=] Tb�S]&s=a�]��?s�RW]=P�Tbe;V�`b] s��Sa�eb]=Pe�awTb�OV�T�TU�S].mna�`�d [SXoV��SV�e_TU�S]?]��Z]=svTFa�m2RWP�TU]���`UV TURWa�P L.|}RW��RMT�V�X �OXMTU]=`�e©V�`b].xS]�ebRW��PS]=xTba V�s=s=a�df^SX\RWe�� V d [�s���R\xS]=` Y�V�`�RW]�TQu a�mtTUV�eX�e% 2eb[�s�� V�e.�SR\�����Q^SV�ebe&a�`&X\a#��Q^OV�e�e�OXMTU]�`bRWP�� �¶C e�dfa�a�Tb�SRWPS� �! �x�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV TURWa�P& �a�`ls��SV�PSPS]�X ]��[OV�XWRyxkV�TbRWa�P�L

W �OV�T®V�c�a�[�T�TU�S] Ga�`bx /yXWRWP�]kV�`M1 " |}a?XWR\PS]kV�`ld [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^�mna�`�d [SXoV�etV�^S^SX\u�a�PSX\uTba XWR\PS]kV�`?xSRM��]�`b]=P�TbRoV�X�]=�[OV TURWa�PSe " �2]=`�TUV�RWP�X\u PSa�T=L ���[OV�TUR\a�P ��K�L¨g�L\K�K#�.R\eIskV�XWXW]�xX\RWPS]=V�`tc�]=s=V�[Se�] TU�S];��[SV�P�TUR\TbRW]�e � V�PSx�D V�`�] `b]�XoV�Tb]=xEX\RWPS]=V�`bXMuª�8D dfVku�Y�]=`yu G]=X\Xc�].V�PSa�PSX\RWPS]=V�`tmn[SP�s�TUR\a�P(a�m @ V�PSx,B�L.��a�d?]&V�[�Tb�Sa�`�e_`b]�mn]�`_ebR\df^SXMu�Tba/�d [SXMTUR\e�TU]�^mna�`�d [SXWV�eX1 TbafVkY�a�RWx�TU�SR\el^Za�TU]=P�TbRoV�X e�a�[S`�s=]�a�mÅs=a�P�mn[�ebRWa�P L

SUTMSUVXWZY9[�SR[\5](^ zK^<](^ � ���,'[�!#2���E> � �"!$#E>��!%�W%�'&(!#|iS1-#�iS1E#�4�.� &�E�`@n� � £ � �-D��U@¥� � £ � �ED1�\5](^ zK^ zK^*)�i<ma���pZxMd�� h i<q9h�aD~,+ kGp1xMd��;�-+ kGp ��qwvKq9h�a$x k.+�an�gd��gh i;kGmeq9^ oe%��01-i['2���ZiS1Q1-'�%�1-'����m�-3�1,*E��l "�!$&4m��Wf'����,'h'2���g�lnQ'2�5%���$(1E%�1!i` &$(%��r�!#h4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/�4m�l'2��1MW��h'21b��XQ�L'���4u�u1!i`����.��!'�$&1-%��h$&�Z���-��X �� �5#2$�iSXZ'���$"�=3QX0T #�$('�$&%�shWM1,T %K�ln��E�z'� &XhT ���!'='����£�~J£m�LXM�L'��54^1!i?q?n��!4m/� &�l� � � � ��3��r�l1E4��r� T ����%$�'=$"�=�-/�/�#21YnQ$&4u�,'2��Wh3QXu'2���`4m$&W�/�1E$(%�'=#2.� (�u@¥� � £ � ¨ED �\5](^ zK^��g^ ���e�tfch���meq ��a$p�q/+ knp*�lk �#rwbta10�p$a9a#~,kn� vKmknx i;�G��q9^ � i��f$&�=��%�1E%�%���sE�,'2$(*E�|$(%�'���s-��#�>Q'2���`$(%�$�'2$&�- �)*,�! &.��|/�#�1E3� &�54

6�8z@SNLD�9 �N-¡©� 6�@CNLDz± 6A@CBED�9.�

���-�e'2���m.�%�$"�E.��m��1- &.M'2$(1E%c6A@SNLD:9�@SNQ¡F�rD32 � » .�/�/�1E���mT��m�5�- &�5.� "�,'��m�!%O�!/�/�#�1YnM$&4m�!'�$&1-%g°U@�£EDe3�Xg� ($&%��r�!# 4.� �'2$&�L'���/0iS1E#�4�.� "��>M.���$(%�s��5n��-�z' *,�! &.��r��T ���5#2�|%����5���2���-#�XmiS1E#�'����`$&%�$('�$"�! &$ � �,'�$&1-% �� �n� � 1E# T ��$"�V����WM1Q�r�`@n� � £ � ©ED�#2�5/�#21MWM.��5�['2���`�ln��-�l'[�L1E (.�'�$&1-%-� �s� � @¥� � £ � ¨ED1� � fD� @¥� � £ � �!DD�\5](^ zK^��g^`����hjp$� ~,kn�;�ghjilknmMx anhj}kgb�q9^

Page 13: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � £ � ¯��±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� � � �� �n� ������*,�! &.���� ��� 9H°U@�£EDF¦b6A@�£-D��l1E4m/�.M'��rWH3QXHq�.� (��#�Ä �4m�5'���1MWH$&% � $&s-.�#2�F� � £ � £g�!#2� � ��� � ¦¨�§ �!£ � �-B�!%�W � ��� ¢ ¦}¨�§h����� �U� ��� ���J�m�5�! "�l.� &�!'�1-#�'21m�51-4m/�.M'2�|'����J�-%��! &1-sE1-.���*,�! &.�� � ��� ���� � � '[�5�-%03��J����1,T %Z'2���,' '2�������J��.��!%�'2$�'2$(�r� ��� �2�,'�$"�LiSX

� � 9 6�@+£-D-¡ � "�¡ ¢ " ¢ ¡�m@1" ´ DiS1-#���1-4m�e�51-%��L'2�-%E'V�� � > ¢ �-� " \�B � � %Z'����e/�#�1M�5���2�ªÃQ%�1,T %Z�E� V 6 ���C� �%�=� ��45�&�>��� �8���9��1�=��>M1-%��|�51-%��L'�#2.��l'2��'����`��$(sE���5#�)y1-#VWM�5#����L'�$&4u�,'��r�

���� 9 � � ¡}@ � � ¥ � ¢ � D=9 6�@+£-D-¡�m@1" ¢ D�!%�W

� � �� 9 � �� ¡ �´ @ � ��¥ � �¢ � D=9 6�@+£-D-¡�m@1" ´ Dl§

� /�/� (X}'��������miS1-#24.� "�-�|'21g�l1E4�/�.M'�� � � ���� � iS1-#`'2��$&�/�#21-3� &�54 � Â[1,T{�E�5�5.�#2�!'��m$"�`$�'$�4����$&�J$&��!%u�5n��!4m/� &�=1!i��-%���45���>��� �8����%�8��������� �! KiS1E#���1- &*�$&%�sJ�-%h1-#VWM$&%��!#2XWM$(¬���#���%�'�$"�! �����.��,'2$(1E%@��k#V�!sEs_���E¨��g�U«�.� &$(#V���V��� » '21Q�5#2���-¨E¨ED � ������!%��! &1-s-1E.�� 4m�l'2��1MWKiS1-#|�5�- &�5.� "�,'�$&%�sh$&%�'���s-#V�! "�$"� ÃQ%�1,T %0�E� V �8�*@ ��� ��� �����=�>����1�=��@�pe�Y*Q$"���jd=�-3�$&%�1,T $�' � ��� � �-D �

Page 14: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � � �

,.-��w-���_D(+2# �7 #?5$1 tH�5(J<3=J~'*);5��7

� %�'���$"�������z'2$(1E%�T���WM�l��%���'���� �l1E%���$&�L'���%��lX�-%�W�1-#VWM�5#�1!i:�-���l.�#V�-�5Xk1-i��k &$(%��r�!#A4.� �'2$&�L'���/�iS1E#L)4.� "��>!�E��T��� ( ��E��'2��� �-�2�L1M�l$"�,'2��WJ�V���!#V�-�z'2�5#2$&�L'�$"��/�1- &XQ%�1-4m$"�! "���U@��QD��!%�W��?@��QDz>-�-%�W��L��1,T���1,T�'����r�L�WM�l��%�$�'2$(1E%��=���!%K3��J�-/�/� &$(�rW0'�1hWM��#�$&*-�`�-���l.�#V�,'2�kiS1-#24.� "�-��3QX0�m4m�l'2��1MW�1!iA.�%�WM�5'��5#24m$(%���Wv�l1Q� ��)�l$&�5%�'2� �u� ���! "�L1h����1,T '����!'e &$(%��r�!#=4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/KiS1-#24.� &�E�=�!#2�J�l1E%�%����l'��rWKT $�'2�v'������!/�/�#21YnM$(4u�!'�$&1-%1!i�'����|iS.�%��z'2$(1E%� &1-s��m3�Xh'����`#V�,'2$(1E%��! UiS.�%��z'�$&1-%��U@��QD����?@��QD��!'���9?� �

� $('�� � �"!$#k�!%�W � & !$#|�E�ª$&%I@n� � £ � �v�YDz>E'����G6 � ���>�C6.�%���>1�&�%63� �8���!� �=��1�C��@S1-# �8�������>����1� �� �8���!� �=��1�C��YDAiS1E#�'����` &$&%����-# 4.� ('�$"��'2�5/�iS1-#24.� &���!#2�`WM�l��%���W�3QX

�U@��QD�9���!�� � � ! �! ± �?@���D�9���!�� � & ! �

! § @n�E§ ©�§q�YD

�����`/�1- &X�%�1-4m$&�- �h���E� WM�5sE#����k�5n��-�z'2 (X �->��!%�W��}���-� WM��s-#2�5���`$(i�'����|iS1E#�4�.� &��$"� $&4�/� ($"�l$('[1-#`a �$�i�$�'�$"���5nM/� ($"�l$(' � » /��r�l$(iSX�$&%�s!�u�!%�W��g$"�ª1E3�*Q$&1-.��� &X��r��.�$(*,�- (��%E'�'�1m��/��r�l$(iSX�$&%�s�'����k &$(%��r�!#�4.� �'2$&�L'���/iS1-#24.� "��3�Xu$('2� �51Q� �h�l$&�5%�'2� �,� �`�����! & :�L���k'����!'"�u�-%�W��}�!#2�k�51-%Q*-��%�$&�5%�'ªiS1E#��-%��! &X � $&%�sm�-�5�5.�#V�-�lX�!%�W0$&%�WM$"�L/��5%��2�!3� (�|iS1E#=�!%��- (X � $&%�sm��'V�!3�$& &$�'�X �������� �������&���C��� Â[�5#2�m�-#���'����m�V���!#V�-�z'2�5#2$&�L'�$"�J/�1- &XQ%�1-4m$"�! "�eiS1-#|'�������#2�L'|iS1-.�#kiS1-#24.� &�E�e1-i'����` "�-�L'=�L�r�z'2$(1E%��

qª.� &�5#J@n� � £ � ©�D$� ��9?�->#�U@��QD�9$� ¥ �E> �?@��QD�9?� �«��E�VÃQT��-#2Whqª.� &�5#J@n� � £ � �QD$� ��9?�->#�U@��QD�9$� ¥ �E> �?@��QD�9$� ��F#V�!/�� � 1E$&WO@n� � £ � �ED$� ��9?�->#�U@��QD�9$� ¥ �E> �?@��QD�9 �¢ @���¡©�rD �� $&W�/�1E$(%�'@n� � £ � ¨�D$� ��9O£M>#�U@��QD�9$��¢ ¥ �E>%�?@��QD�9O£�� ��ta# XW]�T'&0x�]=PSa�Tb] V_1�%([E/ Yb�M%.\¶1�� �}/�!0)�1b�9! TU�OV�TwV�s�TUe�c�a�Tb� a�P x�RWebs�`b]vTU]

mn[SP�s�TUR\a�PSe�V�s�s=a�`�xSRWPS�&Tba& � C � � i F ��K�Iqp�I¨g.�

V�P�x�a�P�s�a�P�TURWP[Sa�[Selmn[SPSs�TbRWa�P�etV�s=s=a�`bxSR\PS�&TUa& @ �.BM�4C @ ��B � � �GI ��K�Iqp�Ihp��

�nNQP�^S`�RWPSs�RW^SX\]5G];e��Sa�[SX\x��`�R\Tb]=�(& �¯� V�P�x��)& @ ����BM�! Sc�[�T�]! �^S`b]�ebe�RWa�PSe�XWR2��]*& � V�PSx]vY�]=P#&\��� �&V�`b]�R\`b`b]�ebR\e�TUR\cSX\u4s=a�P�Y�]=PSR\]=P�TkL � �l�S]w^Za#G]=`befa�m�& �OVkY�]�TU��]�a�c�Y�RWa�[Sed?]kV�P�RWPS��e% S]�L{�SLj +&uv � C � � v}V�P�x,&.- im@ �.BM�4C @ ��B�� � ��L

���[OV�TUR\a�P �yK�Lhg�LMK�K��2s=V�P�c�]�`b]!�`bR\T�TU]�Pws�a�d?^OV�s�TbX\uIRWP�TU]�`bd?ela�m/&6 10k jV�PSx32Q�0 ��& � ���� � 2��4& �nD��C z�I ��K�Iqp�Iqz �

W �S]�PEV.XWR\PS]kV�`ldF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^�mna�`�d [SXoV&R\etV�^S^SXWR\]=x�TUa?eba�X\Y�];V�P � |_�� STb�SRWe�]���[SV�TUR\a�P�R\eebV�TUR\eM�O]�xf]' SV�s�TUXMu.ebR\PSs=]�R\T*R\e TU�S]�xS]!�OPSRMTURWa�P?a�m�TU��]�P[Sd?]=`�RWs=V�XOV�^S^�`ba� �RWdfV�TUR\a�P � � � L

Page 15: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � ���N mlTb�S]�XWR\PS]kV�`©dF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^ mna�`bd [�XoV�RWe V���a�a�x4a�PS]. ~Tb�S]�V�PSV�XWa���a�[Se©]=�[OV�TbRWa�P a�[S����TTbawc�]&PS]=V�`bXMuEeUV TURWeD�O]=x ��S]�P � � � V�PSx �¦D � V�`b]&`b]�^SXoV�s=]=x c�u(xSR\ebs=`�]�TbRtxkV TURWa�PSe}a�mV�P�u�2]�XWX±�Qc�]=�OVkY�]�x�mn[SPSsvTURWa�P @ �.BM�GV�PSx�R\Tbe2xS]�`bRMY�V TUR\Y�] @ A �.BM��LSW R\TU�fTU�SR\eGR\P�dfR\PSx& �XW]vT[Se�xS]!�OPS]�TU�S]�3a%('*/�)�!µ[�7&3.1�%(YZ1b/���#&%.-�/�!0/�'���/`�#�}/�!0)�1��"! � jV�s�TbRWPS�&a�P�TU��]©e�]�T�a�ms�a�P�TURWP[Sa�[SebXMu�xSR\�Z]=`�]=P�TURWV�cSX\]®mn[SPSsvTURWa�PSe @ ��BM�! Sc�u

� C 0 �4&5�� ��� 2��4& �GF ��K�Iqp�I¨�.���S]�`b] � R\e�TU�S]_TbRWd?]}xSR\�Z]=`�]=P�TURWV�TUR\a�P�a�^�]=`bV�TUa�`% �TU�SV�T�RWe%

� @ �.B � C 0 �4&5� @ �.B �� � 2��4&5� @ A ��B �C ��

�� �~ � @ ��B � � �� �

���� �� � @ A �.B � � �HI

��K�Iqp�Ih���

N m�Tb�S]FX\RWPS]=V�`tdF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^�mna�`bdF[SXoV.RWe®V�s=s�[S`UV�Tb]. � @ �.B ��a�[S����T®TbaIc�] ebdfV�XWX� jV�PSx G]dfV.��]?TU�SR\eF^S`�]=s�RWeb]�V�eFmna�X\XWa#�e=L�i�]�T.V�mn[�PSs�TbRWa�P @ ��BM�;V�P�x R\TUe©xS]�`bR\Y�V�TbR\Y�] @�A �.BM�;c�]]' �^SV�PSxS]�x�mna�`�dIV�X\X\u?RWP��ÅVku�X\a�`leb]�`bR\]=e�V�c�a�[�TKB

@ �.B � � � C @ �.B � ��� � @ A ��B � � iv � � � �wv @ AtA ��B � � � ��� F ��K�Iqp�I¨�.�@ A �.B � � � C @ A ��B � ��� � @ AyA �.B � � iv � � � �wv @ AtAyA �.B � � � � � I ��K�Iqp�Ih���

NQPSe�]=`yTURWP��:Tb�S]=e�] mna�`�d [SXWV�e�RWP �yK�Lhp�Lq� �I��RMY�]�e�Tb�S]�\q�"!¦[�)43£3a� ��)�3�#&%aY���!0/�1�%��¯)�1�%a�9'/�!0!0�9! �¥a�`K\¶�9!$[E)�3·3a� ��)43;1�!$7&'���)10%a�9' /�!0!0�"!��Gmna�`�TU�S]�X\RWPS]=V�`�d [SXMTUR\e�TU]�^�mna�`bd [�XoV<

� @ �.B � C�� � @ �.B � � � i � @�A �.B � � � v � v @�AtA ��B � � � ��� F ��K�Iqp�Ih�����S]�`b]

� � C ~ � � ��� � � ~ � F� i C �(~ i � g{~ v � � � � � ��~ � ���"� � � � � ��� �£� � �GF� v C iv �a~ i � z¯~ v � � � � � � v ~ � �� � � i � g � v � � � � � � � � �LLL��� C ��

�� ���

�~ � �

���� �

�� - i

� ��K�� � � I ��K�IhpI\K�z��

W ]�PSa# xS]!�OPS].�� ²y�t¢2¡G¤¦© 8?´¦²q±(�y¥b±l¡�6]³¶¬0©98?´{²�¤ º4¤¦¥ �9!$#*/�!O�"\�) � �¯7&!0) �{+ ���t³

� @ ��B � C���� ��� � i � ¤$¥ ��� z�F�7? ¡K? ­*�t³��·��C�� i C � � � C�� � C�z�ª´�±�� � � i �C�z,? @&º2¡�/�!$!0�"! ���2'&YZ1�)�'21J�t¥�� � � i ?@&º2¡�³¶¬�©c8?´{²j¤µ�t¥ ���9'MYb%aYZ1�/�'21=�y³�� � C�� i C_z�­S��?Å¡g?Å­M�y³��¶± º4¤¦¥�¬0©H§�¡s©J¬�³K¤�¨Z¨0´{©s¤�¨9:��T4K�?

Page 16: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � �g�

������� ���^���&���C� � ����������� ���Z� � $&#V��' &�l'�.���-%��! &X � �m'2���h &1Q���! ��-�5�5.�#V�-�lXc1!i�'�����q�.� &�5#iS1-#24.� "�K$&%H�K (1,T 3�#21,T iC�E�L��$(1E%}'2���,'�$&�����.�$&*Y�- (��%�'`'�1v'2���ZWM�5��%�$('�$&1-%H�!3�1,*-���JT��h�L.�/�/�1��L�u'2���,'° � ±L§�§L§V±C° ' �!#2���ln��E�z'� &Xk����.��! -'�1e6�@CN � Dz±�§L§�§�±�6�@CN ' Dz>!�-%�W`�-��Ãe��1,TI�5 (1��L�ª° '.- �AT $& ( E'�����%3���'21[6A@SN '.- � D �� i�° ' 9c6�@CN ' D��ln��-�l'� &X->Q'����5%K3QXZWM�l��%�$�'2$(1E%�>

° '2- � 9 ° ' ¡3" � ' 9 6�@CN ' D-¡3"Q6 8 @CN ' Dz±T ��$& (�|'2���*�F�YXQ &1-# ���5#2$(�r�k@¥� � © � �!D�s-$&*-�r�

6�@CN '.- � D=9 6A@SN ' D-¡3"Q6 8 @SN ' D-¡"M¢£ 6 8Æ8 @SN ' D-¡�m@1" ´ Dz§

» .�3M'2#2�E�z'2$(1E%0sE$(*E���6A@SN '.- � D

¥ ° '2- � 9 "�¢£ 6 8Æ8 @CN ' D-¡�m@1" ´ D

�-��'2���|iS1-#24u�! : &1Q���! �WM$"�2�l#2�l'�$ � �!'�$&1-%0�5#2#�1E#�1-iF'2���Jq�.� (��#�iS1E#�4�.� "� �Å=1,T� &�l'�.���#��r��'V�,'2�u'����K�!#2s-.�4���%�'$(%b'���#�4u��1!i '����01E/���#2�!'�1-#� � «�XI�51-4�3�$(%�$(%�sf@n� � © � ¨�D�!%�WI@¥� � © � �!Dz>�1-# 3QX0���! "�l.� "�,'2$(%�s �A9 � 9}B�>� ¢ 9 �¢ >� ´ 9 �� iS#21-4�'����*Y�- (.������ �A9 ¥ �-> � � 9.�->& � 9?�E>(& � 9}B�$(%�@n� � © � �rBEDl>MT��|1-3�'2�!$&% �6�@CN ' D=9 6A@SN '.- � D

¥ 6A@SN ' D ¥ "Q6 8 @SN ' D9 "M¢£ 6 8Æ8 @CN ' D-¡

" ´¨ 6 8Æ8Æ8 @SN ' D-¡©� �¥�2§ @¥�-§ ©�§h�v�YD

���Q.�� �!s��!$&%0T��`�L���e'2���,' '2���`1-#VWM��#�1-iA�E�5�5.�#2�E�lXu$"� �->��-%�W��5*Q$&W��5%�'� &Xu'����`�5#2#�1E#��51-%��L'2�-%�'�$"� �¢ �» $&4m$( "�!#2 (XE>Q'����|'2#2�-/�� � 1E$&W0#�.� (�u@n� � £ � �ED����-� ª6A@SN ' D=9 6�@CN '.- � D

¥ 6A@SN ' D ¥ " £ 6 8 @SN '.- � D-¡Z6 8 @CN ' D �9 ¥ " ´

�Y£ 6 8Æ8Æ8 @CN ' D¥ " £�� 6 8Æ8Æ8Æ8 @SN ' D-¡©�¥�¥�2± @¥�-§ ©�§h�r£ED

T $�'2�K1-#VWM�5#�1!i?�-���l.�#V�-�5XZ£��!%�W0�5#2#�1E# �l1-%���'V�!%�' ¥ ��L¢ >��!%�W0'2���`4m$&WM/�1-$&%�'=#�.� (�u@n� � £ � ¨�D����-� ª6A@SN ' D=9 �´ " ´ 6 8Æ8Æ8 @CN ' D-¡ �´ "! 56 8Æ8Æ8Æ8 @CN ' D-¡©�¥� ��± @¥�-§ ©�§h��©�D

T $�'2�K1-#VWM�5#�1!i?�-���l.�#V�-�5XZ£��!%�W0�5#2#�1E# �l1-%���'V�!%�' �´$��l�S]�RWx�]kV}c�]=�SR\PSx TU�S]lx�]%�OPSRMTUR\a�P&a�m�a�`bx�]=`�a�mZV�s�s=[S`bV�s�u&R\e�V�e mna�X\XWa#�e=LÅ���[OV�TUR\a�P

��K�Lhp�Lh� � e�[S����]�e�TUe TU�OV T~RMmOV�XWRWP�]kV�`�d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�mna�`bd [�XoVlRWe V�^S^�XWRW]�x©Tba}V�^S`ba�cSXW]�d �R\TU�;Ve�[ �?s=RW]�P�TUX\u©e�dfa�a�TU�©eba�XW[�TbRWa�P @ �.BM�! �V�PF]�`b`�a�`Åa�mjV�^S^S`�a� �R\dIV TU]=XMu�� � � i � � � i����

- ���� A �

- � �.B �C�� � � � � i ���R\XWX~c�]&RWP�Tb`ba�xS[Ss=]�x X\a�s=V�XWXMuwV�T�e�Tb]=^��~LB(0�l��RWe�]=`�`ba�`}R\e �PSa#�P4V�e_Tb�S]3.� ��)43 #&%aY���!0/�1�%��¯)�1�%a�9' �na�`^1�!$7M' ��)�10%.�9' �u/�!0!0�"!�V�T�e�Tb]=^��:mna�`}Tb�S]?��R\Y�]=P RWPSRMTURoV�XM�Y�V�X\[S]�^S`ba�c�XW]=d �¥V�e�a�^S^�a�eb]�x TUa.TU�S]©mna�`bdfV�X X\a�s=V�X�xSR\ebs=`�]�TbRtxkV TURWa�Pw]�`b`�a�`� k��SR\s��ERWe�V=�� P-S�PTS�AMWÅÄ'EHG�I$WYZYN�ZfElAMPTPTL�CFZ A EHI�`�mlZfEHG�EHG%I <Z¸ÀDijÁ P g!N ^#LXW h���� � k ZYPkLXN�ZfETEHI�`�G�IFJHI ^#IOC�ADS�PTI&ZfElZYPkLX^']'ZYLXS�POa

Page 17: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � � �mna�`�dIV�X ]! �^S`�]=ebe�RWa�P TU�OV T;x�a�]�e©P�a�T©xS]=^�]=PSx a�P$TU�S]?RWPSRMTURWV�XM�­Y�V�XW[S]�^S`�a�cSXW]�d ��Lf��RWPSs�]Tb�S]=`�]IV�`�]=� e � C ��� � - i �}e�TU]�^SeFR\P Tb�S]?RWP�TU]�`�Y�V�XQ�¸z�F(� �� Tb�S]=e�]IXWa�skV�X ]=`�`ba�`�e;s=V�P4c�]]' �^�]=svTU]�x TUa V�xSx:[S^ TUa V$��XWa�cSV�X2]�`b`ba�` � � � � �vL_W ]�eb�OV�X\X�dfV.��]�TU��RWe.V�`���[Sd?]=P�Td?a�`b]_^�`b]=s�RWe�]©R\P���]=svTURWa�P K�Lh��L

W R\Tb� ��RWPSxSe�RW����T� ÅRMT;R\e�a�c�Y�R\a�[Se©c�u$e�u�dfd?]�Tb`�u(Tb�OV�T©TU�S].TU`bV�^Z]Zx=a�R\x4V�PSx4d?RWx��^�a�RWP�T*mna�`�d [SXoV�e��OV�xfTba;�SV6Y�]®]vY�]=PIa�`bxS]�`beGa�m�V�s�s=[S`bV�s�u�L*�ta�TbRWs�]�Tb�OV�TGRWP �yK�Lhg�Lq� �! �Tb�S]Tb]=`bd?e R\PY�a�X\Y�R\PS� � � � V�`b]�V�P�TbRWe�u�d?df]vTU`�RWs�V�cZa�[�T B *V�PSx TU��a�eb]�R\P�Y�a�XMY�R\PS��D � �V�`�]®eyu�d?d?]�TU`�RWs�L NQP �yK�Lhp�LMK6p � TU��]}]��Z]=svT�a�m�Tb�S]=e�]}e�u�d?df]vTU`bR\]=eGRWe<xSRWe���[SRWe�]=x& �cZ]�skV�[�eb]B - i 2V�eleb�SRMm¢TU]�x�Tba B mna�`2ebRWd?^SX\RWs=RMTQu?a�m TU�S]}mna�`�d [SXWV�e�RWP�^SV�ebe�RWPS�&mn`ba�d ��K�L¨g�Lh� �*TUa��K�L¨g�L\K�K#�}V�PSx �yK�Lqp�L{zh�vL ¸ a#2]vY�]=`% R\m�G]f�SV�x$]! �^S`b]�ebe�]=x � @ �.B �}V�e;V��ÅVku�X\a�`_eb]�`bR\]=eV�c�a�[�TKB � i R\PSe�Tb]kV�x& -G] 2a�[�XWx��OVkY�]©a�c�TUV�RWPS]�x

� @ ��B �QC i� � � @ AyAtA �.B � i � � i� � ��� @ AtAtAyAtA ��B �� i � � � � ��� �GF�RMTU� V�X\X*Tb�S]�]�Y�]=P�� a�`bx�]=`&xS]�`bR\Y�V�TbR\Y�]=e R\P4TU�S]Ieb]=`�RW]�e Y�V�PSRWe��SRWPS� xS[S]ITba(e�u�dfd?]�Tb`�u�L��a�CRMT�skV�P�cZ];eb�Sa#�P Tb�OV�T�TUaIX\]kV�x�RWPS�?a�`bx�]=`� jRMT®xSa�]=e�P8| T}dfV�TbTb]=` ��OV�Tt^Za�RWP�T®a�PS]]' �^SV�PSxSe � @ ��B �<V�c�a�[�T�� � � FnImInImF � � � i V�`�]®R\PSxS]=^�]=P�xS]=P�Tla�m�Tb�SRWeG^Za�RWP�T� �TU��a�[S����Tb�S]e�[ScSeb]��[S]=P�TGs=a�]��?s=R\]=P�TUe � � � v F � � � � FnImInI*V�`b]GPSa�TkLÅ�l�[Se TU�S]GY�V�PSRWe��SRWPS�®a�mOTU�S]2]�Y�]�P��a�`�xS]=`}Tb]=`�dfe�V�c�a6Y�].RWe�V�Y�V�X\RWxE]' �^�XoV�POV TURWa�P(a�mGTb�S]&eb]�s=a�P�x��Qa�`�xS]=`;V�s�s=[S`bV�s�u(a�mGTb�S]d?RWxS^�a�R\PT�mna�`�d [SXoV�L Oa�`�TU�S] Tb`UV�^�]«x�a�RWx(`�[SXW]��yK�Lhg�Lh���! $G]&skV�P dfV.��].V�P$V�POV�X\a���a�[�eV�`���[Sd?]=P�T�RWP�Y�a�X\Y�RWP��fV�Pw]' �^OV�PSe�RWa�Pwa�m � @ �.B �lV�c�a�[�TKB � i�� v Lr®ewV `b[SX\]. te�u�dfd?]�Tb`�u V�`b��[Sd?]=P�Tbewx�a PSa�T���a:Y�]=`yu�m¥V�`�RWP�TU��] V�POV�X\u�e�RWe�a�mxSR\ebs�`b]�Tb]_df]vTU�Sa�xSe2mna�` � |_�*e% SebR\PSs=]_d?a�eyTla�m TU�S]tmna�`bd [�XoV�eG[Seb]�x�R\P�^S`UV�svTUR\s=]_V�`�]}a�m�SR\���&a�`�xS]=`*V�P�x m¥V�RW`�X\u©s=a�d?^SX\RWskV TU]=x�LÅ�l�S]vu&��a_e�a�df]!��OV�T�mn[S`yTU�S]�`Q�R\Tb� TU�S]�ebR\df^�XW]=`mna�`�d [SXWV�e�[Se�]=x�mna�`��<|_��e�L

�l�S]GxS]%�OP�R\TUR\a�PFa�mOa�`bx�]=` a�mjV�s�s=[S`bV�s�u;eb[S����]=eyTUe�V�[E/¯10�&�8#]�9\M7&'M#*/¯1�/�!¦[E%('*/�#���8/� �¯%a/�'210Y©mna�`tx�]=`bRMY�RWPS��X\RWPS]=V�`�d [SXMTURWeyTU]�^�mna�`�d [SXoV�e��l�OVkY�RWPS�IxS]=s�RWxS]�xEeba�d?]=��a���SR\s���~ � V�P�x � � V�`�]}^�]=`bd?R\T�TU]�xITUa c�]_PSa�P�x=]=`�a- Se�RWd?^SX\u?V�x � [Se�TlTb�S]=e�]_^OV�`UV�df]vTU]=`�eTbaEdIV���] �:V�eFXoV�`���]�V�eF^Za�e�ebR\cSXW]�L(N mlTU�S]�`b]�V�`�]��^SV�`UV�d?]�Tb]=`�e� �PSa�T s=a�[SP�TbRWPS�ETb�S]�< �]�x�Y�V�XW[�]^~ � C:K. �TU�S]�PwTb�S]�]=�[OV�TbRWa�P�e �yK�Lqp�LMK�z ���R\Tb��z � � &� K©s=a�PSe�TbR\TU[�TU]�V���FXWRWP�]kV�`Ge�u�e�Tb]=d a�m ]=�[OV TURWa�PSe=L�N m TU�SR\e�e�u�eyTU]=d R\e�PSa�P�ebRWP���[SXoV�`� SV�elR\T�[�eb[OV�X\X\ufRWe% RMT2d [�e�TG�OVkY�]_VF[�PSRW�[S]teba�X\[�TUR\a�P?Tb�OV�T2xS]%�OP�]=elV©XWRWP�]kV�`*d [SXMTUR\e�TU]�^fmna�`�d [SXWV©a�m a�`bxS]�`V�T�X\]kV�eyT �uC ���K�L<��]�]F� �]=`�s=RWe�].K�Lhp�L\K�L

�l�S]�d?]�Tb�Sa�x a�mO[SP�xS]�Tb]=`bd?RWP�]=x&s=a�]��?s�RW]=P�Tbe skV�P.V�XWebatcZ]GxS]=e�s=`�RWc�]=x&RWP V�PSa�Tb�S]=`% ]���[�R\Y�V�XW]�P�Tn2V6ufTU�OV TK�V�el�SRWP�TU]�x�V�TlR\P�� �]=`bs�RWe�]&K�L¨g�Lhp�L~N TlskV�P�c�]}e��Sa#�P�Tb�OV�T�V�P�us�a�PSebR\e�Tb]=P�T X\RWPS]=V�`�d [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^$mna�`�d [SXoV�s�a�df^�[�TU]�e;TU��]fe�a�XW[�TbRWa�P$TUa V�P4R\PSR\TbRoV�X±� Y�V�X\[S]^S`�a�cSX\]=d ]! �V�s�TbX\u RWP4Tb�S]�eb^�]=s�RoV�X<skV�eb] ��S]�P Tb�OV�T&e�a�XW[�TURWa�P RWeFVE^Za�XMu�PSa�d?RoV�X � ��BM�a�m xS]=��`�]=] � �^S`ba6Y�RWx�]=x Tb�OV�T ��R\ete�dIV�X\X�]=PSa�[S��� L��l�S] a�`�xS]=`ta�m*V�s�s=[S`bV�s�u �ER\etTb�S]XWV�`b��]�e�T�e�[Ss�� � �neb]=];� �]=`bs�RWe�]IK�Lqp�Lq� �vL*� aIxS]�`bR\Y�]©V?X\RWPS]=V�`ld [SXMTURWeyTU]�^�mna�`bd [�XoV mna�`�V^OV�`�TUR\s=[SXWV�`~s���a�RWs�]�a�mZVkY�V�RWXoV�cSXW]<^OV�`bV�df]vTU]�`be}~ � V�PSx � � �a�PS]ls=V�P.s��Sa�a�eb]�Tb�S]l^OV�`bV�d.�]vTU]=`�e2R\Pfe�[Ss���V 2VkuIV�e<TbaFdfV.��]�TU�S]�mna�`bdF[SXoV_]! �V�svTn��S]�P�V�^S^�XWRW]�x?TbaF^�a�X\u�PSa�dfRWV�XWea�m~V�e��SR\���wV.x�]=��`�]=]©V�e�^Za�ebebR\cSXW]�L

Page 18: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � ���r�T�TU�SR\et^�a�RWP�T�R\T�dfVkuwV�^S^�]kV�`�TUa?TU�S]©`b]=V�xS]=`�TU�OV T�Tb�S]Fs�a�PSeyTU`b[�s�TUR\a�P a�m�XWR\PS]kV�`

d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^ mna�`�d [SXoV�e�RWe*V_`UV�Tb�S]=`*[SP�RWP�TU]�`b]=eyTUR\PS��dIV�T�TU]�`=L � R\Y�]=P �;f z< .���u.PSa�T<ebR\d.�^SXMu?^SRWs���~ � FmInImIsF¶~ � - i V�PSx � � FnImInImF � � e�a.V�e2TUa V�s��SRW]vY�]_a�`�xS]=`2a�m V�s=s�[S`UV�s�u�g�� "��l�S]V�P�eMG]=`�RWe�TU�SV�T�mna�` ��fEg4 STU��]©`�]=e�[SX\TbRWPS� mna�`�d [SXWV�e�V�`b]_[�PSe�TUV�cSXW]©V�P�x�s�a�PSeb]��[S]=P�TUXMu[Se�]=X\]=ebe �¥e�]=]f� �]�`bs�RWeb]wK�Lh��L{zh�vL&NQP(m¥V�svT� V�e 2]?eb�SV�XWX e�]=]?RWP ��]�s�TbRWa�P:K�Lh�4  V�m¥V�dfa�[�eTb�S]=a�`�]=d a�m |_V��SX\��[�RWe�T�V�ebe�]=`yTUe�TU�SV�TlV eyT�V�cSX\]-���QeyTU]=^�X\RWPS]=V�`<d [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^fmna�`bd [�XoV;s=V�P�OVkY�]_a�`bxS]�`�a�mÅV�s�s=[S`bV�s�u�V�Tld?a�e�T � � g�LG�2a�PSeb]��[S]=P�TUXMu� OPSa�TU�SR\PS� skV�Pwc�]}��V�RWPS]�x�c�u^�]=`�dfRMTbTUR\PS�?V�XWXÅg � � K©s=a�]��?s=R\]=P�TUe®RWPEV�P����QeyTU]=^�mna�`bd [�XoV&TUaIc�]FP�a�P�x=]�`baSL�NQPSeyTU]kV�x& Tb�S]FX\RWPS]=V�`tdF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^�mna�`bdF[SXoV�e�[Se�]=x(RWP�^S`UV�s�TUR\s=];[Seb[OV�XWX\u��SV6Y�] d?a�e�T®a�m TU��] ~ � a�`d?a�e�T.a�mtTb�S] � � ]=�[OV�X�Tba�x=]=`�aSL NQP:Tb�S]�PS]! �Tfeb]�s�TUR\a�P�2]web�OV�XWX�xS]�ebs�`bRWc�]�eb]vY�]=`bV�XR\df^�a�`�TUV�P�T�m¥V�d?RWX\RW]=e<a�m TU�SR\e �RWPSx L

r®P�x�Tb�S]=`�]�RWelV�P�a�TU�S]�`l`b]=V�eba�P����u�Tb�S]_s=a�P�e�TU`�[Ss�TbRWa�P�a�m X\RWPS]=V�`2d [�X\TUR\e�Tb]=^�mna�`��d [�XoV�elR\e�R\P�TU]=`�]=eyTURWP��SL*N Tts=V�PwcZ]©dIV�xS]_]! �s=]�]=xSR\PS��XMu�ebXWR\s�� W ]�eb�OV�X\X�PSa# xS]�ebs�`bRWc�]�Sa# TU�S]}mna�`bd [SXWV�e�V�cZa6Y�]_s=V�P�c�]�V�POV�XMux�]=x�d?a�`b]®s=a�d?^OV�svTUX\u. SV�P�x�TU�S]_�[S]�e�TUR\a�P�a�ma�`�xS]=`la�m V�s�s=[S`bV�s�u�`b]=x�[Ss=]�xwTbafV&�[S]�e�TUR\a�P�a�mÅ`UV�TbRWa�POV�X�V�^�^S`ba� �RWdfV�TUR\a�P& �c�u�dIV�PSRW^��[SXWV�TUR\a�P�a�m mna�`bdfV�XZ^Za#G]=`�eb]�`bRW]�e=L

�ÅV.�RWPS� � C K_RWP �yK�Lhp�Lh���2��RMY�]�e�Tb�S]�RWxS]�P�TUR\TQu

@ �.B � i � C @ ��B � � � @4A �.B � � iv � v @�AtA ��B � � � ��� I��R\PSs=] @ �.B � i �4C & @ ��B �! O�S]�`b]�RWe�V�PSa�TU��]=` �Vku�Tba?]' �^S`b]�ebetTb�S]�eUV�d?]}m¥V�svT��

& C K � � ��� � � iv � � � � �nv � i� � � � � � � � � � � C�� ��� I ��K�IhpI\Kkz �i�R ��] �yK�Lhp�Lh���' TU�SR\e;mna�`�d [SXoVwRWeFTba(cZ]IRWP�TU]�`b^S`�]�TU]�x V�e.V�mna�`�dIV�XGR\xS]=P�TURMTQuª�<Tb�S]�RWxS]=VR\e®TUa�[Se�].R\T_V�e�VITUa�a�XÅmna�`®dIV�P�RW^S[SXWV�TUR\a�Pwa�m*TU]=`�dfe®a�m<eb]=`�RW]�e �R\TU��a�[�T_dfV.�RWPS��V�P�us�XoV�R\dfeFV�cZa�[�T&s=a�PY�]=`���]=PSs�]�L NQPSe�]=`yTURWP���yK�Lqp�LMKkzh�;R\P �yK�Lqp�Lh���FV�PSx s�a�d?^OV�`bR\PS� �RMTU���K�Lhp�Lh� �2��R\Y�]�e

� C 0 ��� ��� �� ��� 2���� ��� � C��·� � � i � ��� � � � v � ��� � v � � ��� I ��K�IhpI\K��.�NQP�a�TU�S]�`�Ga�`�xSe� �TU�S]©s=a�]��?s=R\]=P�TUe � � a�m �yK�Lqp�Lq� ��V�`b]©PSa�TU��RWPS�?]=X\eb]�TU�OV�PwTU�S]©�ÅV6u�X\a�`e�]=`bR\]=eGs=a�]��?s=R\]=P�TUe�a�m TU�S]�mn[SPSsvTURWa�P 0 ��� ��� �¯� � � 2���� ��� ���R\Tb�I`b]�eb^�]=svT�TUa©TU�S]®V�`b��[��d?]=P�T � � LtN m�G] X\]�T�(c�] V�PEV�cSc�`b]�Y�RWV�TUR\a�P�mna�` ��� jTU�SR\e®]���[SV�TUR\a�P c�]=s�a�df]�e®]vY�]=Pe�RWd?^SXW]�`��

� C 0 ����h���� 2�����h� C��·� � � i � � � v � v � � ��� I ��K�IhpI\K6���W RMTU�FTb�S]�V�R\xFa�m�Vte�u�d c�a�XWR\s2V�X\��]=c�`UVteyu�e�TU]�d e�[Ss��?V�e`· V�s=e�u�dfV< �· V�^SXW]� �a�``·�V�TU�S]��dfV�TUR\skV< �R\T~RWe V®Tb`bRMY�RWV�X�dIV�T�TU]�`ÅTUa_dfV.��]�[Seb]la�mQ��K�Lqp�L\Kk� � Tba_s=a�d?^S[�Tb]2TU�S]ls�a�]&�?s=RW]�P�TUe� � mna�`®V�XWRWP�]kV�`td [SX\TbRWeyTU]=^�mna�`bd [�XoVfRMm�TU�S]&^SV�`UV�d?]�Tb]=`�e^~ � V�P�x � � V�`b]&��RMY�]=P�LF��]=]� �]=`�s=RWe�]fK�Lhp�Lh��L

�Gu xS]!�OPSR\TbRWa�P$ ~VwXWRWP�]kV�`�d [SXMTUR\e�TU]�^ mna�`bd [SXWV��OV�eFa�`bxS]�`;a�mlV�s=s�[S`UV�svu � R\m�V�PSxa�P�X\uwR\m�Tb�S]FTU��] TU]=`�d c�]�T�G]=]�P Tb�S] ]���[SV�X ebR\��PSe}R\P��yK�Lhp�LMK6� ��RWe ����� � � i �tV�e � � z�L

Page 19: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � � ���R\PSs=] 2���� �<RWe�V�P�V�POV�XMu�TbRWs�mn[SPSs�TbRWa�P�a�m � �R\m R\T2RWe�P�a�P�x=]�`ba.V�T �uC�z 2]_s=V�P�xSR\Y�RWx�]Tb�S`ba�[�����TUa s�a�PSs�XW[SxS]}Tb�OV�TGTU�S]_X\RWPS]=V�`GdF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^?mna�`bd [�XoV;�SV�ela�`bx�]=`�a�m V�s=s=[�`UV�svu �RMm~V�PSx�a�PSX\uIR\m

0 ��� �2���� � C � � ��� � � � i � V�e � � z�I ��K�IhpI\K��.�

�l�S]tmna�XWX\a��R\PS��TU�S]�a�`b]�d `b]�e�TUV�TU]�e2TU�SR\e2s�a�PSs=X\[SebR\a�P�R\PITU]�`bd?e�a�m�TU��]®Y�V�`bRWV�cSXW] � C � L

%e��������� .��%�������) ������.��%�u�Q����� �#�����������%M��)�)��*������. ����7���/ �*/��"!0/�[ 04���o� � ²y�t¢2¡G¤¦©>8?´{²¶±(�y¥b±r¡$6c³¶¬0©c8?´¦²�¤ 4}�q±aº%2��yK�� �C z º4¤¦¥]¬0©H§�¡s©]¬0³¤�¨«¨�´{©�¤�¨ : ���t³�¤¦¢2§£¬0¢�²;:£�t³

0 � � �2�� � � C XWa�� �&� ���M� � ��K�� � � i �

C��H� � ��K��� iv � � � K�� v � i� � � ��K�� � � � � ��� � ���X� � � K�� � � i ��yK�Iqp�IMK6� �

¤¦¥ � � K�? � ±S�y¥u¨«¬0¢�¥n�t¥«±r¡�¢9±��t³M¤¦¢2§�¬0¢�²;:£�y³0 ��K��4C�z ¤¦¢2§ 0 � ��K��4C 2���K��HI �yK�Iqp�IMK6� �

� ©H¬�¬0³�?2� aI��]vTtmn`�a�d ��K�Lhp�L\K��.�lTba?Tb�S] �S`be�T®]=�[OV�X\R\TQu�a�m �yK�Lqp�LMK6� �' -2];dIV.��];Tb�S]s��OV�PS��]2a�m�Y�V�`bRWV�cSX\]=e � C � �uC$XWa�� � �PSa�TbRWPS��TU�SV�T ����� � � i � V�e � � z��SV�e Tb�S]<eUV�d?]d?]kV�P�RWPS�;V�e����M� � ��K�� � � i ��V�e � � K�ebRWP�s=]� C K®V�PSxµd ��� � e d � �C�z�V�T ��C�z�LÅ�l�S]e�]=s=a�PSx ]���[SV�XWRMTQu�a�mK�yK�Lqp�LMK6� �2R\e � [Se�T�TU��]©[�eb[OV�X��ÅVku�XWa�`le�]=`bR\]=e�mna�`lXWa�� � L

� af^S`�a6Y�]��yK�Lqp�LMK6� �' SXW]vT6�yK�Lqp�LMK6� �2c�] �`�R\T�TU]=P�R\P�Tb�S]_mna�`bd

0 � � �QC 2�� � ��� � � K�� � � �M� � � K#� v � � ���X� � � K�� � � i �HFa�`lc�u�]' �^SV�PSxSR\PS� 0 � � ��V�PSx32�� � ��V�cZa�[�T � C K�

0 ��K�� � � � � K#� 0 � �yK��KC0� � � K�� 2��yK#� � � �X� � ��K�� v � � ���X� � ��K�� � � i �HI ��K�IhpI¨g{z��· V TUs��SR\PS� e�[Ss=s�]=ebe�R\Y�] ^Za#G]=`�e a�m � � K. 52] a�c�TUV�RWP 0 �yK��}C z�� �`T�z V�P�x �`TK� 0 � �yK��oC 2��yK��� � �C�z�L(�l�[Se ��K�Lhp�L\K6���©RWe;]=�[SRMY�V�XW]=P�T Tba �=T�K� Q��SR\s�� RWeFTb�S]xS]!�OPSRMTURWa�Pwa�m~s�a�PSebR\e�Tb]=PSsvu�L

NQP$�l�S]=a�`b]=d K�LhgfTU�S] � |_� s=a�P�TU]' �T;a�m2V�X\RWPS]=V�`®dF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^ mna�`bd [SXWVI�OV�etY�V�P��R\eb�S]�xf]�PTbRW`�]=X\u. �XW]=V6Y�R\PS�©V©^S`�a�cSX\]=d R\P&TU�S]�dfV�TU�S]�dIV TURWs=V�X4�S]=XWx��PSa#�P�V�e�) � �&!$� �*% �[E)10%a�9'_10�*/��"!�+�L��}[S]�e�TbRWa�PSela�m~V�^S^S`ba� �RWdfV�TbRWa�P?[SPSxS]�`bX\RW]}d?a�e�T2xSRWe�s=`�]�TU]_d?]�Tb�Sa�xSemna�`lx�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV�X ]=�[OV�TbRWa�P�e� Oc�a�TU��a�`�xSRWPOV�`�u�V�PSx�^SV�`�TbRoV�X L

Page 20: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � � �

������� �������&���"t:� �����J'2#2�-/�� � 1E$&WK#2.� &�Z@n� � £ � �ED����-� ��@���D�9 � ¥ �J�-%�W.�?@���D�9 �¢ @��A¡;�YD � » $&%��l���@¥�rD�9}B`�-%�W � � @n�YD�9?��9$�?@n�YDz>!'2��� iS1E#�4�.� &�J$&���l1-%��L$"��'2�5%�' � ��1-4m/��-#�$&%�sh@¥� � © � ��²ED�T $('��m'2���[�5nM/��!%M)�L$&1-%�U@��QD�?@��QD 9

� ¥ ��¢ @���¡©�YD

9 � ¥ ���¡ �¢ @��

¥ �rD 9�@�� ¥ �YD � � ¥ � ¥ �£ ¡ @��

¥ �rDL¢�

¥ �¥� � ��l1E%M��#24m��'2���,' '2���|'�#V�!/�� � 1-$"WZ#2.� &�|���-��1E#2WM��#=£��-%�W��5#2#�1E#��51-%��L'2�-%�' ¥ ��L¢ �

�l�SR\e_V�^S^S`�a�V�s��(TUa�X\RWPS]=V�`®dF[SX\TbRWe�Tb]=^ mna�`bd [SXWV�e®c�u `UV�TbRWa�POV�X~V�^�^S`ba� �RWdfV�TUR\a�P R\es�XWa�e�]=X\u�`b]=XWV�TU]�xwTba?Tb�S]©df]vTU�Sa�xSe�a�mS�"/�'*/�!0)�1�%('*��\l7&'��{1�%a�9'&Y©xS]�ebs�`bRWc�]=x RWP�eb]vY�]=`bV�Xa�m�TU�S]�`b]vmn]=`b]�PSs=]�e=L<N T2R\e2V�XWeba�TU��]tcOV�ebRWe<a�m Tb�S]®d?]�Tb�Sa�xfa�m�V�POV�XMu�e�RWe*c�u=�9!$#*/�!JYZ1�)�!$YxS]�ebs�`bRWc�]=x?XoV TU]=`~RWP&TU�SR\e�s��OV�^�Tb]=`�L Oa�`�a�`bx�RWPOV�`yuFx�R\�Z]=`b]�P�TURoV�XS]=�[OV�TbRWa�P�eQ�R\TU�.e�^Z]�s=RoV�XeyTU`b[�s�TU[�`b]. �eb[Ss���V�eG�SR\���SXMu&a�ebs�RWX\XoV�Tba�`�uFcZ]��OVkY�R\a�`� �R\T<R\eGe�a�df]vTUR\df]�e2V�x�Y�V�PTUV���]�a�[Se*TUaV�^�^S`ba� �RWdfV�TU]~XWa�� � V�T a�PS]�a�`�d?a�`�]�^Za�R\P�TUe�a�Tb�S]=`�TU�SV�P � C KU��Tb�SRWe�R\e�TU��]<R\xS]kVlc�]=�SR\PSxTb�S] \q!0/�687&/�' �{+/��¶M1b1b/# a�`¹[E�o#*/ ��#*/ �}/'&#*/'91fmna�`�d [SXWV�e®xSR\ebs�[Sebe�]=x cu � V�[�TUe�s��SR��K6����K��' �i R\PSRW��]=`*V�PSx=W RWX\XWa�[S����c�u��yK6�������! ��_[Sa V�PSx�i�]�Yu �yKk����z �' V�PSxIa�TU�S]�`be=L<��]=]� �]=`�s=RWe�]fK�Lhp�Lqp�L

SUTMSUVXWZY9[�SR[\5](^��g^<](^ » ��1,T 3QXh'2���`4m�l'2��1MW01-iF.�%�WM�l'2�5#24�$&%��rW��51Q� �h�l$&�5%�'2� '����!'

° '2- � 9 ¥ �E° ' ¡ �,° ' ¤ � ¡ " � �' ¡�£ � ' ¤ � � @¥�-§ ©�§ £6�YD

$&�['����4m1E�L'e�-���l.�#V�,'2��£Y) �L'��5/v�5nM/� ($"�l$('e &$&%����-#[4.� �'2$&�L'���/viS1-#24.� "��>�T $�'2�c1E#2WM��#=1!iª�E�5�5.�#2�E�lX��|9}© �� % » ���l'�$&1-%F� � �T��`�L���! & ��L���k'����!'@n� � © � £6�YD�$"� .�%���'V�!3� &�`�!%�W�����%��l�|.����5 &���2��$(%K/�#V�-�l'�$"�l� �\5](^��g^ zK^ ��1E%���$&WM��#�'����|'2��$&#2WQ)y1-#VWM��#�3��-�VÃQT��-#2W���WM$(¬U�5#2�5%�'�$"�,'2$(1E%ZiS1E#�4�.� &�K@¥� � £ � �ED �� �n� � ���!'[�!#2� �U@��QD��!%�W �?@��QDD���� �Z� /�/� (X®�����51E#���4 � � £'�1m*-��#�$(iSXZ�51-%���$&�L'���%��lX �� f1�Z� /�/� (X®�����51E#���4 � � £'�1m*-��#�$(iSXu'2���,' '2���`1-#VWM�5#�1-iA�E�5�l.�#2�E�lXm$&�[© �\5](^��g^��g^���~,hji<xX�G� + kGp1xMd����(q ��i h } oemKi h�a q9h�aw~ q1i��GaG^ �����h�51-%��5�5/M'`1-i�1E#2WM��#|1!i �-�5�5.�#V�-�lXv$"�`3��E�L�rW1-%�'����` ($&4m$�' "=\�B�>�3�.M'[1-%��|���!%v�! "��1mW��5*Q$&���kiS1-#24.� "�-��1E%�'����J�E����.�4m/M'�$&1-%K1-iA����%�$�'2�J��'2�5/v�L$ � �"��vB �?� 1E# �ln��!4m/� &�->��-%�qª.� (��#L)y &$(ÃE�[iS1E#�4�.� &��4m$&s-��' 3��JWM�5��%��rW03QX

° '.- � 9 ° ' ¡�?@1"�D " � ' @¥�-§ ©�§ £-£EDiS1-#=��1-4m�kiS.�%��l'�$&1-%�A@ "�D�T $('���A@ "�D�\��|�E� "=\�B �� �n� � ���!'[�V��1-$"�l�|1!i��A@ "�D�4u�!ÃE���|@n� � © � £E£-D��ln��-�l' T ���5%v�!/�/� ($&��WZ'�1m'2���`����.��!'�$&1-%�6�8M9c6���� � okpkqª�|1!i�/�#V�-�l'�$"�5�! ?$&%�'���#��r��'J�l1E%�'2�!$&%O*Y�-#�$&1-.��k'�$&4��h�2�5�- (�r�5>F�L1K$('$&�|%�1!'J#2���! & &Xc�!/�/�#�1E/�#�$"�,'2�'�1��l1E%��L$"WM��# ��.��L'k6�8�9}6 � » .�/�/�1E���J'����s-1��! �$"�['�10�-/�/�#21YnM$(4u�,'2�J�! & �/�#21-3� (��4m�[6�8�9OG�6OT $�'2�G � B�±¥� "[�-�u�E�5�l.�#2�!'��5 &XH�-��/�1E�2�L$&3� &� � » 'V�,'��g�IWM�5��%�$('�$&1-%�1!i ���E���E�5�5.�#2�!'��� (XH�E�m/�1�����$(3� (� �3��E�L�rWm1-%m'����U� � %�1-#24�1-i:'����e�5#2#�1E#?1,*-�5#�� ���������J�e'�$&4m�e�L'��5/�>Q�-%�WuWM�5'��5#24m$(%��='����[#2����.� �'2$(%�s

iS.�%��l'�$&1-%�?@1"�D �

Page 21: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � � �\ � �� ��� ](^��g^��g^���d�x a7p�ijf$�G��a7��~,a7p�i<xXa$mh qc^ ��1-%���$&W��5#�'����J�����! "�!#�$(%�$�'2$&�- �)y*,�! &.��|/�#�1E3� &�54

6 8 @CNLD�9}P���� � � 8 � � 8 � � iS1E# N�� B�±+© "y± 6A@CB�D�9}B�§� %Z'2��$"� /�#21-3� &�54�XE1-.0T $( & :'��r��'�iS1E.�# %Q.�4m�5#2$&���! U4m�l'���1QW�� �=@C$"D�qª.� (��#�>�@C$($ÆD � $"WM/�1-$&%E'r>�@S$&$($ÆD � 1E.�#�'��M)1-#VWM�5# � W��!4u�L)y«��-���MiS1E#L'2��>M�!%�WI@S$&*�D � 1E.�#L'2�M)y1-#VWM�5# d .�%�s-�l) �|.M'�'2��>�W��l��%��rW�3�X

GU� 9�" �A@C° ' ±lN('�Dl±Ç�� 9�" �A@C° ' ¡0G��!£M±zN ' ¡3"��-£-Dz±� � 9�" �A@C° ' ¡�Ç5�!£�±zN('�¡ "��!£-Dl±� � 9�" �A@C° ' ¡ � ±lN ' ¡3"�Dz±

° '.- � � 9c° ' ¡ �� @CG?¡�£-Ç�¡�£ � ¡ � D §

@¥�-§ ©�§ £!©�D

� �n� � #�$('��=�`�51-4m/�.M'2�5#�/�#21-sE#2�-4 '�1`$&4m/� (��4m�5%�'e@n� � © � £-©EDF$&%���$(sE��/�#��r�l$"�L$&1-%u�!#2$('���4m�l'2$&�`@¥��¨|WM$&s-$('2�1-#A4m1-#2�rD � d=.�%m$�'?T $('���"=9?�Y�!£�±U�Y�U��±L§�§L§,.�%�'�$& �XE1-.��-#�� �51-%M��W��5%�'A'����!'AXE1-.����Y*-���|�l1E4�/�.M'��rW*,�! &.��|°�@�©ED��E�5�l.�#2�!'��e'�1u�,' &���-�L'=¨�W�$(sE$�'V� � ����$"��T $& ( ����5#2*-�|�-��XE1-.�# �L�5n��-�z' ��1- &.M'�$&1-% � � � �!ÃE��Z�51-4m/�.M'2�5#e/� (1-'e1E#e�Z��Ã-�5'2�V�v1-i�°�@CNLD � » '�1E#����!/�/�#21-/�#�$"�,'2�`*Y�- (.���� iS#21-4 XE1-.�#kd .�%�sE�l) �|.M'L'V��l1E4m/�.M'2�!'�$&1-%���iS1E# .����J�-� �L'2�!#�'�$&%�s�*,�! &.�����iS1E# '����`4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/�iS1-#24.� "�-�|@C$($ÆD��!%�WI@C$($&$"D ���� � � 1MWM$(iSX0XE1-.�# /�#�1Es-#V�!4���1�'2���,'e$�'e�51-4m/�.M'2��� °U@C©�D�3QXZ���E�V�K1!i�'����J4m�5'���1MW��J@C$"D��U@C$(*�D�iS1E# '����������.��5%��l�[1-i�'�$&4m�k�L'���/�� "=9.�,�!£�±¥�Y����±�§L§L§ ± �Y�-£ �!¨ � � �-Ã-�k�`'2�-3� &�[ &$&�L'�$&%�s�°�@�©ED��!%�Wu°U@C©�D

¥ 6A@C©EDiS1-# �r�-�V��4m�l'���1QWK�-%�WZ�r�-�V� " �� f1� pe#2�YT �m/� (1-'=1-%v�� (1Es!)y (1Es��2�5�- (�|1-iFiS1E.�#[�l.�#�*E����#2�5/�#2�����5%�'�$&%�s� °U@C©�D ¥ 6�@�©ED���-� ��iS.�%��z'2$(1E%�1-i'��������� ��7�������R����� ������� �j� �e����� ��>�iS1-#����E�V�h1!i:'2���[iS1E.�#�4��5'���1MW�� � @ � �-Ã-�k�L.�#2�=XE1-.Z���! "�l.� "�,'2����E�V� � ' 1-%� &Xh1E%��l�E>��!%�W��l1E.�%�'�'2���`%Q.�43��5# 1-iFiS.�%��z'2$(1E%���*,�! &.��,'2$(1E%���iS1-#�'����Jd .�%�sE�l) �|.M'L'V�iS1-#24.� &��#V�,'����5#�'����-%�'����`%Q.�4�3���# 1!i�'�$&4��J�L'���/�� � D� b�� � ���!'�!#2�m'����h�-/�/�#21YnQ$&4u�,'2���� (1E/��r�`1!i�'����h ($&%��r�`$(%�@���Dz>A�!%�W}T �QXK��@ � i X-1-.I�5�-%�Ä 'J�lnM/� "�!$&%'����54K>�'2���5#2�m4m�YXc3��h��3�.�sK$&%}XE1-.�#|/�#21-sE#2�-4Z��*E�5#2X0 &$(ÃE�5 &Xg$&%}'2���h��/��r�l$(���5�!'�$&1-%O1!i�$&%�$('�$"�! �l1E%�WM$('�$&1-%�� � D � ��$&�V�K1!iF'����|iS1E.�# 4m�l'2��1MW�� $"� 4m1E�L'�� �h�l$&�5%�'7�� a7� � i�X-1E.v�!#2�J/�#21-s-#V�!4m4m$&%�sm$(% � �,'� "�!3�>���1- &*-�|'���$&�k���-4m�J/�#21-3� &�54^T $�'2�v'�����/�#21-s-#V�!4u��� ��!#" $�!%�W%� �#!'&)(uT $('��}�5$&s-��'[1E#='���%}WM$(¬U�5#2�5%�'e��#�#21-# '21- &�5#V�!%��5��� � � �r�-��.�#����1,T 4m�-%QX0'2$(4m����'2�5/���!#2��#��r��.�$(#2��W�iS1E#?���-�V�m#2.�%u�!%�W���1,Tf4.��V�m�E�5�5.�#2�E�lXJ$"���E�V��$(��*-�rW$&%�'����=*,�- (.�� 6A@C©�Dz>��!%�Wm�-W�W'��������=%��5T�#2����.� ('2�?'21`X-1E.�#�/� &1!'ª1-i�@C��D �,� ���,'��!#2��'����=1E3����5#2*-��W�1E#2WM��#2�A1-i��-�5�5.�#V�-�lX1!iU'����r�L��-W��!/M'2$(*E�m�51MWM���7� Â=1,T{WM1�'�����X}�l1E4m/��!#2��$&%O� �h�l$&�5%��5XcT $('��IX-1E.�#|%�1-%�)y�EW��!/M'2$(*E��4m�5'���1MW��@S$ÆD��:@S$&*�DD�

\5](^��g^���^+*h��gh i<q9hji f7����a-,�anf9hsq/. � ' T��-����'V�,'2��W��!3�1,*-�='2���,'�$(iF &1Q���! U�5#2#21-#V��1!i�4u�!s-%�$�'2.�WM� �m@1" �- ��D��!#2�

4u�-WM��!'[���E�V�v1!i ��@1"U¤ �lD[��'2�5/���>�'�����%v'����s- &1-3��- ��5#2#21-# T $& ( ����Y*-�`4u�-s-%�$('�.�W�� �m@1" � D � Â=1,T��5*E�5#r>1-%��O4m$(sE��'K�-#�sE.��g'2���,'K4m1-#2�c &$(ÃE�5 &X->e'����O (1M���! |�5#2#�1E#2�ZT $( & |3������Y*-�} ($&Ã-�O#V�!%�WM1E4�%�.�43��5#V�01-i1-#VWM�5# �m@1" �

- � Dz>:�-%�WKT $( & ?�-���l.�4�.� &�!'��J$&%c�h�2��.��!#2�l)y#21�1-' iC�-����$&1-%g�-���l1E#2WM$&%�sm'21h'�����/�#2$&%��l$&/� &���=1-i�Z#V�!%�WM1-4�T��! &ÃU>:s-$&*�$&%�s�����4u�! & (��#esE (1E3��! A��#�#21-# �m@1" �

- �102¢YD � q�nQ/��5#2$&4���%�'2�|�L��1,T '����!'kiS1E#|4�1���'/�#21-3� &�54u��>M$(%��5 (.�WM$(%�s�'2��1E���`1!iAq?n��!4m/� &��� � £ � �k�-%�W�q?nM�5#V�l$"�L�2� � © � ��>�'2��$&�=1-/M'2$(4m$"��'2$&�|/�#2��W�$&�l'�$&1-%�$&�$(%Q*,�! &$"W �u� ���,'k$&�='����`iC�- ( "�-�5X0$&%K'����J#2�-%�WM1E4^T��! &Ã0�-#�sE.�4m�5%�'7�O«����/��r�l$(���!>U�l$('�$&%�sZ�-%v����.��,'2$(1E%$(%�'2���|'��5n�' '21u�L.�/�/�1E#L'=XE1-.�# �!%��LT��5# �\5](^��g^32�^54 #�1,*E�ª'2���= &�54m4u�J�! & &.�WM��W�'21J1-%m/ � £!©K�76 m � r q h�aw~M�Ji<ma �Gp�xMd�� h i<q9h�aD~ + knp�x d��;��}-�(q�knp9bta7p�k+�tf9f9d�p$�tfDv � i +���m�b knmK� v i +98 ��}a7m �9~K~�<i;anb h�k��Gm kGp b(i<m-��pwv b�i3,�a7p�a7mhji;�G�ac�gd��gh i;kGm 6�8�9;:M@SNLD 8�i h"0�i=<na$qa��e�tfch,p$a�q d��sh q ��}a$ma�<Ga7p : i<q���~�kG� vKmkGx i�����k.+�bga10�p�a a?> � 8 � deh�mkth���}a$ma�<Ga7p : i�q��R~�kG� vKmkGx i;�G�

Page 22: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � © � � ��� ��� ��� �S��� � �S���w� ����� ��� ������ �����������v�v� � �#�k.+�bta 0�p�a a �=¡F� ^ @ � �2�L.�4m�Z�-#�3�$�'2#2�-#�Xc�51-%�'�$&%Q.�1-.��J$&%�$�'2$&�- �W��!'2�v6��Z�-%�WI�ln��-�l'J%Q.�4m�5#2$&���! ª$&%�$('�$"�! W��,'V��° � ±�§L§L§2±C° � ¤ � � D\5](^��g^ � ^ � i�XE1-.c���Y*-�m�-�5�5���2�='21v�0��XQ43�1- &$&�m�l1E4m/�.M'2�!'�$&1-%O�LXM�L'��54K>����!#2#�XK1E.M'|'����u��.�s-sE���L'�$&1-%g1E%/ � £!¨K��T #�$('����h�L��1-#�'[/�#21-s-#V�!4�T ��$&�V��>�sE$(*E�5%�'�����/��!#V�!4m�5'��5#V��� ! �!%�W & ! iS1E#e�u &$&%����-#[4.� �'2$&�L'���/iS1-#24.� "��>��l1E4m/�.M'��r��'����}�l1Q� �h�l$&�5%�'V� ��± � ±L§�§L§ � � ���vX-1E.�#u/�#21-s-#V�!47'21I*-�5#2$(iSXH'����v#��r�L.� ('2�m1-iq?nM�5#V�l$"�����t� � © � ���-%�Ww� � © � £�>��-%�WH'2���5%f�lnM/� &1-#2��1!'����5#u &$(%��r�!#m4.� �'2$&�L'���/<iS1E#�4�.� "�-��'����!'u$(%�'���#��r��'X-1E. �

Page 23: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � p ���� ������� �S� ���·�b�±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� � � �

,.- � - 8 )�+l3Z� #F'<3=H�5 H � >6365()©#&+X� D >v'G3=J~'*)�% ��H?+K� D >=#&J

�����`1E &WM�r��' &$(%����!# 4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/�iS1-#24.� "�-���-#��k'���� � W��-4m��iS1E#�4�.� "�-��>

° '.- �¥ ° '.- � ¤ � 9 " ��!�� � & ! �

'2- ! ± @n�E§ ��§q�YD

T ��$"�V�IW��,'���'21K'����uT�1-#2Ãv1!i�� � � � � W��-4m� / �-�|�r�!#2 (Xg�E����² � � � � %O'����u%�1!'V�,'�$&1-%O1!i`@n� � £ � ���rD[T�����Y*-� ��9��E> �

� ¤ �9 ¥ �E>ª�!%�W � � 9w�¥� �!9��

� ¤�¢9<B�>ª�-%�WH'2���0��#2�L'u�V���!#V�-�l'��5#2$"��'2$&�Z/�1E (XQ%�1E4�$"�!

$&� �U@��QD�9 � �¥ � � ¤ � �J� 1-#k���E�V��� .�E>U'���� �5)y�L'���/ �$ �C���&9��7�C�%��;<�=� ���f�!%�W � �� ��� 9� �8������8�

iS1-#24.� "�-�A�-#���'���� 1-/M'2$(4u�! M�5nM/� ($"�l$('ª�!%�W$&4m/� ($"�l$('�iS1E#�4�.� &�E��1!i�'���$"�AiS1-#24K>!#2����/��r�z'�$&*-�� (X � �zoe/M'�$&4u�! �4m���!%��A'����!'�'����[�Y*,�!$& &�-3� (� �51�� �h�l$&�5%�'2� �'& ! #[�!#2�=�V��1��L��%�'21`4u�,nM$(4m$ � ��'2���=1-#VWM��#?1!i��-���l.�#V�-�5X->!�!%�W$(%K3�1!'2� � W��!4u� ���-������>Q'���$"�=�V��1E$&�5�e'2.�#2%���1-.M' '21m3��`.�%�$&��.�� �� �����Y*-���! &#��r�-WMX`���5�5%�'����~�5)y�L'���/ � W��!4u�L)y«��-���MiS1E#L'2��!%�W � W��!4u��) � 1E.� �'21-%iS1-#24.� "�-�9�:'����5X�!#2�=q�.� &�5#rÄ �AiS1-#24.� "�u@n� � £ � ©�DA�!%�W�'2��� '2#2�-/�� � 1-$"W�iS1-#24.� &�u@¥� � £ � �-Dz>E#��r�L/����l'�$&*-�� (X � �����=iS1-.�#�'��M)y1-#VWM��#� W��-4u��) «��-���MiS1-#�'��H�-%�W � W��!4u��) � 1E.� �'21-%IiS1E#�4�.� &�E�5>AT $('�� ��9?�c�!%�W ��9b©�>?#2����/����z'2$(*E�5 &X->AT��5#2�

($"�L'���W0�!3�1,*-�k�-�k@n� � £ � �!D��!%�Wc@n� � £ � ²�D � �����|�l1Q� �h�l$&�5%�'V��1-i�'��������k�-%�Wh1-'�����#�iS1E#�4�.� "�-�ª�-#��e ($"�L'���W0$&%�F�-3� &���2� � � � � ��� � � � ©u1-%}'����m%��5nQ'J/��!sE� � �������2��'2�5%��5$( "���Z1-i�*,�!#2$(1E.��[iC�!4m$( &$&���|1!i� ($&%��r�!#`4.� �'2$&�L'���/iS1-#24.� "�-���-#��`��.�4m4m�-#�$ � �rWZ$&% � $(sE.�#���� � � � �E>�T ��$&�V�v����1-.� "W03��J���5 (iÆ)+�5nM/� &�-%��,'21-#2X ��F10�5�- &�5.� "�,'���'������51�� �h�l$&�5%�'2�e1!i � W��!4u�eiS1-#24.� &�E�5>�'�����#���$"�k�0�L$&4m/� &�5#`�!%�Wc4m1-#2��5%� ($&s-��'L)�5%�$&%�sh�- �'2�5#2%��,'2$(*E�['21m'����`4m�l'2��1MW�1!iA.�%�WM�5'��5#24m$(%���WK�l1Q� �h�5$(��%E'V� 4m�5%�'�$&1-%���W�$(%�'2���` &�E��'=�����l'�$&1-% �����$&%�ÃI1!i '����0*,�! &.��r� � ' ±�§L§L§2± � '2- � ¤ � @ � )y« D1-# �' ±�§L§�§-± � '2- � @ � ) � D�E�WM$"���5#��5'������-4�/� (�r�J1!i[��l1E%E'2$(%Q.�1E.���iS.�%��l'�$&1-% �A@SNLD�9��A@C6�@CNLDz±�NLD�'2���,'=T��|T��-%�'�'21u$(%�'2�5s-#V�,'2�->

6A@SN '.-�D ¥ 6A@SN '2-

� ¤ �D=9�� 8����8 ����� 6 8 @SNLD � N 9�� 8����8 ������ �A@SNLD � Nz±

�-�$( & (.���'2#2�!'���WI$&% � $(sE.�#2��� � � � £!� � @yo[i �51-.�#V���$�' ±L§L§�§�± � '.- � T $& ( ª'�����4u�L�� (*E���J3��Z$&%��5nM�E�z'�W�.��u'�1���-#� &$(��#F��#�#21-#V�F$(%�'���� �51-4m/�.M'V�,'�$&1-%�>!3�.M'?T���$&s-%�1-#2��'���$&��iS1E#A'�����4m1-4m�5%�' � D¯��l' :M@CNLD�3���'�����.�%�$&��.��/�1E (XQ%�1E4m$&�- :1!i?WM�5sE#����k�!'�4m1���' � ¥ �m@ � ) « D�1-# �u@ � ) � D�'����,' $(%�'2�5#2/�1E &�!'�����'2�������JW��!'2��>��-%�W��L�5'

° '2- �¥ ° '.- � ¤ � 9 � 8 ����8 ����� :M@SNLD � Nz§ @n�E§ ��§ £ED

» $&%��l�v'2���v$&%E'2�5sE#2�- =$&�Z�I ($&%����-#uiS.�%��l'�$&1-%�1-ie'2���cW��!'2� � � '2- ! #E>�T $�'2���l1Q� �h�5$(��%E'V�m'����,'0���!%�3���l1E4�/�.M'��rW�1E%��l� �-%�W�iS1-#��! & +>�@n� � � � £EDF$(4m/� &$&�5$�'2 (X�WM�l��%������k &$(%����!#?4�.� ('�$"��'2�5/miS1-#24.� &�e1!i�'���� � W��!4u�'�XQ/��h@¥� � � � �rD �������� �������(�F�C��� ¯��l'`.��JW��5#2$(*E�'2���u�l1Q� �h�l$&�5%�'V�|1!iª'2���Z£,%�WQ)+1E#2W��5# � W��-4m�L) «��E�L��iS1-#�'��giS1E#L)4.� "��>:T ��$&�V�O�!#2� &$&�L'��rWc$&%;���!3� &�®� � � � � � � %c'2��$"�k���-���J'2���uW��,'V�h'2103���$&%�'���#�/�1- "�,'2��Wc�-#�� �

' �!%�W=�EHG%I&PHAMN�I � `�AMN�P4mlG�L��%JHP E d!JHI�`%ZYCFEHIO`7EHG�I$IFV!Z[P EHIF?�COI LD@ EHG�I&d%W AD?�IFE % IOd%EHS%?�I

Page 24: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � � � p ���� ������� �S� ���·�b�±����S�¹�}����� �������0�S��}��k�4� ������ �����������v�v� � � ���������� ��������� �������������������� �������! "�#�����������$�%'&���(�$ )*&,+��-(.&,� /�01�.(.�32&,� )4���-���5761�-��8��.&,� 9:�<;=�������>(��-�#(��-&,�?A@ BC@ ?=@ BC@ ?A@ B!@ ?A@ BC@ ?A@ BC@ DE E E E E E E E F�GIHE E E E E E E F�GJHLK �

E E E E E E E F�GJHLK �MMM MMM MMM MMM MMM MMME E E E E F

NPO'QSRUTWVYX�Z<[LZ\X�Z 6!(.���������-��&�%^]W�#���-&,+���%'�����-�-�����"&�%_�-�-�����#�`�a+���(����.(.��8J%b&��c�d+������ M

�C+��feA���&�%^�.(.��8�� H &��������_g BSh BSh�ikj BSh�i�l BSh�i�m BSh�i�n

� � � � oqp���#p1rSs� � � ml K jl� � � l.mjtl K jtujtl vjtl� � � v.vln K v.wln m�xln K wlny"z�{^|bVYX�Z�[}Z\X�Z�~ &!�5���������C(��:� B @#� &�%^���������.t�"����$�%b&���(�$J%b&��c�d+������ M

�C+��feA���&�%^�.(.��8�� H &��������_g B h BSh�ikj BSh�i�l BSh�i�m BSh�i�n

� � � o<�1� ���=� �Ar���p!�S�#p!r=s� � jl jl o���r��=�!p1�W�=���ks� � vjtl �jtl K jjtl� � wln j wln K vln jln� � l v jxl.� un�uxl.� K l.unxl.� jt�.uxl.� K j wxl.�y"���^|'VYX�Z�[}Z��AZ�~ &!�5���������C(���� B!@ � &�%^���������t)4&,+���(.&,�J%'&����a+��-��� M

�C+��feA���&�%^�.(.��8�� H &��������_g ? h ?^h.ikj ?^h.i�l ?^h.i�m ?^h.i�n B h

� � � K � o<�1� ���=� �Ar���p!�S�#p!r=s �� � � K n m jm lm� � � K j �j.j wj.j K lj.j uj.j� � � K n �l v

m.ul v K jtul vml v

jtll vy�����|'V�X�Z�[}Z-�kZ�~ &C�5�����-���>(��:� ?A@ � ����� BSh &�%�eS�����! "�#�����P���<;A�������C(��-�#(���&,��%'&����a+��-��� M

Page 25: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� p p1r����,�C������� �:�#���SpC�Ar � �S�c�����c��p!��,�Ar�� ���#��� �_r�p�>pC���Sp�� ��������� ���� '.- �,>��!%�Wg'����m$&%�'��5#2/�1- "�!%�'`$&�e'����� &$&%����-#k/�1- &XQ%�1-4m$"�! :M@SNLD�9�� '.- � ¥ "�¤ �Y@ � '.- � ¥ � ' Dl@CN('.- �

¥ NLD ������5#2�liS1E#��m@ ��� ��� £ED�3��r�l1-4m�r�° '.- ¢ ¥ ° '.- � 9 � 8 �����8 ��� � � '.- � ¥ " ¤ � @!� '.- � ¥ � ' D5@SN '.- � ¥ NLD ��� N

9 " � '.- � ¥ " ¤ � @ � '.- � ¥ � ' D � 8������8 ��� @SN '2- � ¥ NLD � N9 " � '.- � ¥ " ¤ � @ � '.- � ¥ � ' Dl@ ¥ �¢ " ¢ D9 ©£ " �

'.- � ¥ �£ " � ' § @ � § � § ©�Do

o

oo

o

*

*

**

* o

o

oo

o

*

*

**

*

� � �� � - � � � �! �� � - � ! � �

" " �� �

! � �#�$ !�% #

�$ !�%

$'& %)(+* &-,/. $10 % 0�&-24365)&-7 * . *�8�9;: 7 :=<6>?8 & >?8A@�<BDC1EGFIHKJML�N�OINAPQNSR : 7 8UT & >V8U@�<W@�X+(+* &-,/.Y& <�* 0�&-24365Z&-7 * . *�8U9G: 7 :=<6>V8 & >V8U@�<X1@ 7�,\[�]^&�. T�8 &Y_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] 8A<6>?: 7?_ @ ]A& >V8U@�<Qab @ 7 :Yc�:=<: 7V&�]A]U`-d >?e�: 2 @�:�f 2 8U:=<6> . @-Xg>?e�:Y8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >V8A<c _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�]ihj2k& < 0 :*�:�>V: 7?, 8A<�:�* 5 8U>Vel>?e�: & 8A*m@-Xg>Ve�:on JqportsvuMCwuGrtJqHKxysvzw{�rKCwsvu}|~s�H���F�z1{QNo� @ 0 :=c�8U<5 8�>Ve d�2 @�< . 8A*�: 7 >?e�: _7 @ 0�] : , @-X�8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >V8A<c & *�8 .?2=7 :�>?:�X [ < 2 >V8U@�<��K�q����8U<S>?e�:_ @�8A<6> .���?���?�?�~��06`�&Y_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-]Gh$ !�%)@�X�*�:�c 7 :�: & > , @ . > � a�� :�>�� & <�*���*�:=<�@�>V:>?e�: |~s�HKp�{�H�� & <�*�� {����;p�{�H��}��C �gJqHKJ�ui��Jms�xyJqHK{rts�H�¡-¢�¤£¦¥m§�¨ � �©£ª¨ §«¥­¬ � � $ ¨ �¯®��°® %5 e�: 7 :/¨ 7 : _7 : . :=<6> . >Ve�: 8U*�:=<6>V8�> ` @ _ : 7?& >V@ 7 ay±�@ 7 :�² &-,/_�] : d�Y� � £³� ��´ � §j� � � �oµ¶� � £³� �-´ µv§«·�� ��´ ��¸ � � �( ]A. @ d�] :�>j¹�º»�¼ *�:�<�@->?:½>?e�: 0 8A<�@ , 8 &-]G2 @�:�f 2 8A:�<6>¿¾�À 2 e�@�@ . :+Á6 dà ÀÁ�Ä £ À $ À�§�¨K% $ À�§¿·�%�ÅVÅVÅ $ À�§�Á ¸ ¨K%Á�Æ � $ ¨ �¯®���Ç %

Page 26: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� ����� ���,�C������� �:�#��� � � � � �S�c�����c� � ��,� � � ���#��� � ��� � ��� � � �������������*�:�<�:�*½X1@ 7 8U<6>V:=c-: 7?. Á�� ��& <�* &-7�0 8U> 7V&-7 ` À� �� a � e�:yX1@ ]U] @ 5 8A<c)8 .I&D. > & <�* &-7 * 7 : .?[�] >>?e & > 2k& < 0 :¿X1@ [ <�* 8A< ,j& < ` 0 @�@ 3q. @-X+< [, : 7 8 2=&-]D& < &-]U`�. 8 .o& <�* &-_�_�7 @k²8 , & >V8A@-<>?e�:=@ 7 `���������������������! �"���#%$��%�&���(')�� �*�+,#%$-/. J�s�HKJ�� L�N10QN32�4�57698;:=<)>�8;?(@BAC:

h$ !�%�£ D~¨ ¸ à !¨=Ä � ¸ à !·�Ä � µ ¸ ÅVÅVÅ ¸ à !� Ä �FEHG���I $ ¨ �°®�KJ %@MLONP4�5RQ%>�@TS�QU5V6W8;:X<)>�8�?�@�AC:Y8;Z\[�5^],_`5a5bA)N�?b8;LaN � NP4cA!Nd@1>�Ne5f_g698;:�A)Nh5^LiNP4�5i[!A)NgA� I �?���?�?� � E @M>jNP4�5k6W8;@M>�NlL ��?���?�V�~�nm

o9_8�8;Z m ±�8 7?. >g@-X &�]A] d X 7 @ , $ ¨�a ® a Ç % 8U>g8 .y2�] : &-7 >Ve & > ¹fp» ¼ 8 .�&­, @-<�@ , 8 &-] @-X;*:=c 7 :=:Á d6& <* . 8U< 2 : $ ¨�a ® a J %I*: .?2�7 8 0 : .g&+] 8U<�: &�7�2 @ ,\0 8U< & >V8U@�<½@-X .?[2 eo>?: 7�,j.i5 8U>Ve �rq Á ql�Gdh$ !�%)8 . :�T�8A*�:�<q> ]U`�&Y_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] @�X�*�:�c 7 :�: & > , @ . > � as :�<�:�:=*m>?@ . e@ 5 >?e & > h�$ !�%�8U<q>?: 7�_ @ ]A& >V: . � I �?���?�V� � E a � @/>Ve�8 . :�<�* d <�@->V: >Ve & >¥�£ ¨ ¸ � d�& <�*«>?e�: 7 :�X1@ 7 :¥ » £ $ ¨ ¸ �/% » £ ¨ ¸ à Á ¨�Ä � ¸ à Á ·�Ä �oµ ¸ ÅVÅVÅ ¸�¸ à ÁÁ�Ä � »X1@ 7�& < ` 8U<6>V:=c-: 7 ÁY� ��$ >?e�: 0 8A<�@ , 8 &-] X1@ 7?,\[�]A& %�a9t~X �rq Á q �¿5 : ,j&t` :au [�&-]U]U`¿5 : ]U]:¶²�>?:=<�*�>Ve�: . : 7 8U: . >V@Y>?: 7?, �vd¥ » £ª¨ ¸ à Á ¨ Ä � ¸ à Á · Ä �/µ ¸ ÅVÅ?Å ¸ à Á � Ä � E �. 8A< 2 : ¹ »v ¼ £ � X1@ 7xwzy Á�a\{ ` > &-3 8A<�cj!v£�Á«8A< $ ¨�a ® a J % d >?e�8 . 8A*�:�<q>?8U> ` 8 ,/_�] 8U: . >Ve & >h$ Á�%�£W¥ » � I X1@ 7I�rq Á ql� a�t <½@->Ve: 7 5 @ 7 * .�d-h$ !�%;8A<6>?: 7?_ @ ]A& >V: . >Ve�:g* & > &�&-.I7 :au [ 8 7 :�*Qa±�8U< &-]A]�`�d�[ <�8Mu [ :�<�: .�. @-X�>Ve�:¿8U<6>V: 7�_ @ ]^& >?8A<�c _ @ ]�` <�@ , 8 &-] 8 . : &-. ` >?@ _�7 @tT�:�a|t~Xh � $ !�% & <�* h µ $ !�% &-7 :Y> 5 @ _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�]A. @�XD*�:=c 7 :=: q � >Ve & >�8U<q>?: 7�_ @ ]A& >V:\>?e�:/* & > &�d>?e�:=< h � § h µ 8 ./_ @ ]�` <�@ , 8 &-] @�X­*�:=c 7 :=: q � >Ve & >jT & <�8 . e�: . & >/>Ve�:�8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >?8A@�<_ @�8A<6> .=d+5 e8 2 e�8 ,/_�] 8U: .¿h � § h µ £ � 8A*�:�<6>V8 2=&-]A]�` . 8A< 2 : & <@�<�}=: 7 @ _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] @-X*�:�c 7 :�: q���2=& <�e & T�: & > , @ . > � }�: 7 @ . as : 5Z& <6>�>V@ &�_�_�]U` � e�:=@ 7 : , ¨�aK~W>?@ >Ve�:l*�: 7 8�T & >V8A@-< @-X½(�* &�,j.h� { &-. eX1@ 7 >VeX1@ 7�,\[�]A&-. a � @ *�@l>Ve�8 .=dg5 :�<�:�:=* & T-: 7?. 8A@�< @-X�>Ve�:«>?e�:=@ 7 : , >?e & >o8 . <@ 7?,j&-] 81}=:�**�8�9;: 7 :�<q> ]U`�& <�* 2 @�< . 8A*�: 7V&-0]U`�[ c ] 8A: 7=d >Ve�@ [ c�e�:�u [ 8UT &-] :�<6>ka+�I:�>�>?e�: _ @�8A<6> . ����?�?��� �0 : 7 : _�]^&-2 :=* 06` >Ve: _ @�8U<6> . ! I �?�?���V� ! ¬ E a � e:=<�X 7 @ , � e�:=@ 7 : , ¨-aK~ d @ 7 06`�&«_�7 @�@-XX 7 @ ,�.�2=7V& > 2 e d @�<�: 2=& < 7 : & *8 ]U`j. e@ 5 >Ve & >D>?e�: _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-]h�$ !�%�£ D~¨ § à §�!����¨ Ä � ¸ à §�!��%�· Ä � µ §�ÅVÅVÅ ¸ $ §½¨K%�E à §�!����� Ä �FE�GI�!I $ ¨ �¯®���� %

Page 27: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� ����� ���,�C������� �:�#��� � � � � �S�c�����c� � ��,� � � ���#��� � ��� � ��� � � ����������� �8 . >?e�: [ <�8Mu [ : _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�] @-X*�:=c 7 :=: & > , @ . > � >Ve & >i8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >?: . >?e�:�* & > & � ¬ E ���?�?�?�� I 8A<�>Ve�: _ @�8A<6> . ! ¬ E �?���?�V� ! I a���@->V:�>Ve & > &-, @-<�cS@�>Ve�: 7�2 e & <�c�: .=d � e &-.�0 :�:=<7 : _�]A&-2 :�* 06` ��a�+@ 5}] :�> [�.�7 : _]^&-2 :�� 06` � d��/06`�� § ¨ d�& <�*j! 0q` !�§�! ��´�� ¬ � d e�:=< 2 :+! ¬ E �?���?�V� ! I06` ! � �?���?�V� ! ��´�� ¬ � a��9u [�& >V8U@�< $ ¨�a ® a � %�>Ve�:�< 0 : 2 @ , : .h$ !�%�£ D ¨ § à $ ! ��´�� ¬ � §+!�%����¨ Ä � ¸ ÅVÅVÅ ¸ $ §½¨K% � ¬ � à $ ! ��´�� ¬ � §�!�% �%�� §m¨ Ä � � ¬ � G � �-´�� ¬ � �$ ¨ �¯®�� %t < . : 7 >V8A<c/>?e�8 . :¶² _7 : .�. 8U@�<m8U< $ ¨�a ® a�·-%�c�8UT-: .

" ��´�� § " �-´�� ¬ � £ � � ¬ ��» � I�� » � » � �-´�� ¬ � �5 e�: 7 :� » £ $ § ¨K% »� � p������p ��������� à $ ! �-´�� ¬ � §+!�%����Á Ä�� !�£ $ § ¨K% » � �I à §��Á Ä�� � �� e�:\ 7�. >�X1: 5 T &�]A[ : . � » &-7 :� I £ ¨ d �� £ �! d ��" £$#�%'& !)(* & � ! & d� � £ #+ d �-, £ +/. #( + & d ��0 £ ./+/. (# ( + ! & d $ ¨�a ® a216%� µ £ .# + d ��3 £ % .+ !/! d ��4 £ # & ( &/&�# (� */+ !/! &/& a� e�:�X1@ ]A] @ 5 8A<�c�>?e�:=@ 7 : , .�[�,/, &-7 8M}�: . >Ve8 . *�: 7 8UT & >?8A@�< & <�* . @ , : 7 : ]A& >V:�*/X &-2 > .��

Page 28: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� �������������� ��� ��������!������������������U� �!� ������"��#� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)(�� .$+*�$n*-,/.�0�$1,�2n'!�� ��&2V'!�� n*�+�#%$3,-/. J�s�HKJ�� L�N�OIN54n8;_FAC>%< � �}¨�6 NP4�5 �87 LHNh5e6:9d[!AC?(L 7<; ACL�4�Zg8;_HNl4 Zg8;_ ? QC:BAO4cA L8;_[�5^_ 8;ZWA>=?=;QC_fA�=�< � 6 AC>�[ @ML7],@A@;5f>CB<

" �-´�� £ " ��´�� ¬ � ¸ � � ¬ ��» � I � » � » � ��´�� ¬ � � � » £ $ §½¨K% » � �I à § �Á�Ä � � � $ ¨ �¯®�� ¨ � %4�8�_ Á�� � 6 NP4�5�=a8�5EDF=^@l5f>�NlL � » LfA)Nl@ML Z1< NP4�5Y_`5?=;QC_ _5^>+=a5 _5^:BA)Nl@l8;>

� » ¸ #+ � » ¬ � ¸ #� � » ¬Gµ ¸ Å?ÅVÅ ¸ #G3H # � I £ª¨ � $ ¨ �¯®�� ¨�¨K%o9_8�8;Z m s :�e & T�: &-]A7 : & * `�. e�@ 5 < &-0 @tT�: >?e & >�>Ve�: 2 @�:�f 2 8A:=<6> .o$ ¨�a ® a�¨ � % 2 @ 7?7 : �.�_ @�<*m>V@ >?e�: ] 8A<�: &-7�,\[�] >?8 . >V: _ X1@ 7�,\[�]^&o0�&-. :=*l@�< _ @ ]�` <�@ , 8 &-] 8U<6>V: 7�_ @ ]^& >?8A@�<Qa � @_�7 @tT�:\>Ve:�>Ve�:�@ 7 : ,�dv5 : ,�[�. > . e�@ 5 >?e 7 :�:�>Ve8A<�c .+, @ 7 : � >?e & > >?e�:\@ 7 *�: 7 @�X &-2=2�[!�7?&-2�` 8 .�&-. e�8Uc�e &-.�_ @ .?. 8 0�] : d-. @ >Ve & >�>Ve�: . : &�7 :Z8U<�*�:=:�*\(�* &-,j.h� { &�. eX1@ 7 >Ve�X1@ 7?,\[�]A&-.?I>?e & >D>Ve:½@ 7 *�: 7 @�X &-2�2=[�7?&-2�` 8 . �&I�& <�*«>Ve & > $ ¨�a ® aU¨-¨K%�e�@ ] * . a� e�:� 7�. > 2=]A& 8 , X1@ ]U] @ 5�. X 7 @ , >?e�: ] : ,j,j& . > & >?:=*�8A< ��²�: 7?2 8 . :/¨-aK~a J a9t~X � $KJi� !�%8 . &�_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] 8A< !I@-X�*�:=c 7 :=: q ��d >Ve�:�< h$ !�%�£ � $LJI� !�% 8A<\@ [�7 *�: 7 8�T & >V8A@-< &-0 @tT�: d6. @>?e�:�X1@ 7�,\[�]^& $ ¨�a ® a ·�%�c�8�T�: . :�² &-2 > 7 : .�[�] > .D& <�*«8�> . @ 7 *�: 7 @-X &-2�2=[�7?&-2�` 8 .D&-2�2 @ 7 *�8A<c ]U`� � aNM < >Ve�:l@�>Ve�: 7 e & <�* & < ` @->Ve: 7«] 8U<�: &�7j,\[] >V8 . >?: _ X1@ 7�,\[�]^&�5 8U>?e}*�8U9G: 7 :=<6>2 @�:�f 2 8A:�<q> .Z5 @ [�] * X & 8 ] >V@\8U<q>?:=c 7?& >V: h :¶² &�2 > ]�`�d�. 8A< 2 : _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] 8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& <q> .Z&-7 :[ <8Mu [ : d�& <�* &-2=2 @ 7 *�8U<�c ]�`�5 @ [�] * e & T�:¿@ 7 *�: 7 @-X &�2=2=[7V&-2�`PO � a � e [�.«$ ¨�a ® aU¨ � %­8 .8U<�*�:=:�*�>?e�: (�* &�,j.h� { &-. eX1@ 7 >Ve«X1@ 7?,�[�]^& a� e�: . : 2 @�<�* 2=]^& 8 , 2=& < &-]A. @ 0 : 0�&-. :�*�@�< ��²�: 7?2 8 . :�¨�a ~a J a t~X�>Ve�: ��� . >V: _ (�* &�,j.h�{ &�. eX1@ 7 >Ve X1@ 7?,�[�]^& e & *½@ 7 *�: 7 @-X &-2=2�[�7V&-2�`(y ��d 8U> 5 @ [�] * 0 :g:¶² &�2 >iX1@ 7i& < ` _�7 @ 0] : ,

J p £ h�$ !�% 5 8U>?e h$ !�%�:�u [�&-] >V@ &­_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�] @-XG*�:�c 7 :�: � ¸ ¨�aW{ [ >y>Ve�: 7 : &-7 :D<@�<�}=: 7 @_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-]A. @-Xg>Ve8 . *�:�c 7 :�:Y>Ve & > 8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >?: >?e�:\T &-]A[ : . � I £ ÅVÅVÅ�£ � � £ ��d X 7 @ ,5 e�8 2 e 5 : 2k& < 7 : & *�8 ]�` *�: 7 8UT-: 2 @ [ <6>V: 7 :�² &-,/_�] : . 8A<o>Ve:+X1@ 7�, @�X 8A<�8�>V8 &-] � T &�]A[ : _�7 @ 0!�] : ,/.Z5 8U>Ve " $ ! � ´ � %�£ �\0�[ > J�$ ! � ´ � %RQ£ � a±�8U< &-]A]�`�d X1@ 7y& *�: 7 8UT & >V8U@�<�@�X $ ¨�a ® a�¨�¨K% d >Ve�: 7 : & *: 7 8 .�7 :�X1: 7�7 :=*Y>?@TS+:�< 7 8 2 8 $ ¨/1 J ·-%@ 7 S & 8 7 : 7�d �VU 7�. :�>?>VW s & <�<�: 7�$ ¨/1 ,� %�aX+Y[Z]\F^`_�Xba�ced"cfa�gihRjRk�lnmAk�o[X3prq $�sVtAu�vuwtAxzy/u|{ � u-}�~�v���s�t�v8uwt��nv���-�K���1��� �8� s�t<{ �T� s/t<�[����v8xet<u���{<�e� � tAs���� ��� ���e���?����� uR������������E{Au

� �����]� � � �������?���� ���� ����?� � �  ���� � ¡r �� � � � ��������R¢�£�   ��� � ¡ ��   �¤�¥X+Y[Z]\F^`_�X¦a�ced"c¨§&q $"sVs�©8{���xe~T{ � u[{ � xzt�v���s�t�v8uwt��nv�����L���3�/� �� s�t<{ �ª� s�tA�]���e� ��� u]xe~���tAuw��u�~/{�«

Page 29: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� �������������� ��� ��������!������������������U� �!� ������"��#� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)(�� *{<s�« � � xz~V{ � u � s/t<�[���� ��©�sEy/u���~�vV{ � u�~T��vvVs�~uR��s�tAu�{<u�t<� �?� � � �   ����� {As���u�{

� ��� £ � � ���"� ���R¢�£�   ����� ¡ ��   ����� ¤ ����L� �R¢�  ����� ¡ }   ����� ��  � ¤� � ���"� ���R¢ � £�L�   ����� ¡ ����L�   ��� � ����K�   � ¤��

� � x�� � �ws�~�t<�-�+{ � u�tAu��<��z{ �zx��L{<u�vVxe~ª$���©��zu �/� ���z�/�

±�@ 7 (�* &�,j.h� b @ [] >V@-< X1@ 7�,\[�]A&-. >Ve�:�*�: 7 8UT & >V8U@�< 8 . :=<6>V8 7 : ]U` & < &�] @�c�@ [�. a s :e & T-: " ��´�� § " �-´�� ¬ � £ � ��» � I � �» � » � ��´�� �5 e�: 7 :� �» £ $ §½¨K% »� � p �����p �������-� à $ ! ��´�� §�!�% ���Á Ä � !�£ $ §½¨K% » � I¬ � à § �Á Ä � � �& <*�>?e�:� 7?. >�X1: 5 T &-]U[ : . � �» &-7 :� �I £ ¸ ¨ d � � £ § #+ � d � �" £ § ! * �* & � ! & d� �� £ § #+ d � �, £ § #�%( + & d � �0 £ § + ( .+ � #�% + d $ ¨�a ® a�¨K·�%� �µ £ § ## + d � �3 £ § �# * & d � �4 £ § ��� % . �� */+ !/! &/& a��@->V8 2 : >?e & >�>?e�: . :�< [,\0 : 7?.Y&�7 : .�, &-]U] : 7 >?e & < 0 :�X1@ 7 : d�& < @ 0. : 7 T & >V8U@�< 5 e�8 2 e 8 .7 : ]^& >V:=*¿>?@�>Ve: X &-2 >Z>?e & >)(�* &-,/.�� b @ [�] >V@�<jX1@ 7?,\[]^&-. c�:=<�: 7V&-]U]U` e & T�: .�, &�]A] : 7 : 7?7 @ 72 @�< . > & <6> . >Ve & <�>?e�: 2 @ 7�7 : .�_ @-<�*�8A<c/(+* &-,/.�� { &-. e�X1@ 7 >?e�X1@ 7?,\[�]A&-. a� e�: & < &�] @�cY@-X � e�:�@ 7 : , ¨�a ® 8 .�&�. X1@ ]A] @ 5�.��

$3*�$�*-,�. * ��+,#C�����('!�� n*�+�#%$3,-/. J�s�HKJ�� L�N � N 4�8�_(AC>%< � � � 6 NP4�5 �87 LaNh5h6 9d[!A ?�L 7�� 8�QC:&Nh8�> Zg8�_ ? Q%:�A � 4cA L8;_[�5^_ 8;ZWA>=?=;QC_fA�=�< � ¸ ¨�6 AC>�[3@1L7],@�@�5f> B<" ��´�� £ " ��´�� ¬ � ¸ � ��» � I � �» � » � ��´�� � � �» £ $ § ¨K% » � I¬ � à § �Á Ä � � � $ ¨ �¯®�� ¨�~6%

4�8�_ Á�� ¨�6 NP4�5�=a8�5EDF=^@l5f>�NlL � �» LfA!NP@ML�Z1<jNl4�5Y_5?=�Q%_ _`5f>+=�5�_`5f:BA!NP@l8�>� �» ¸ #+ � �» ¬ � ¸ #� � �» ¬Gµ ¸ ÅVÅ?Å ¸ #G1H # � �I £ �� $ ¨ �¯®�� ¨ ® %

��������� I������ ���! #"%$'& ���)(+*',%-.�/*10324*65 & ,�- $67 *62%� �%8 �9� ��� *'5 �:&;$'< �/, $ -=-.> ��$ � � � �'? $ � 8 0 "�8=<@$ � �@"A8 0 �B$6C - � �1D , D µ ?C��<�$ ,%� � *62�� �%� 0�*10�E � 5/* < * �GFH<�8=� 0I�KJ � D

Page 30: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� �������������� ��� ��������!������������������U� �!� ������"��#� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)(�� (o9_8�8;Z m (�< &-] @�c-@ [�. >?@/>?e�: _�7 @�@-Xi@-X � e:=@ 7 : , ¨�a ® a{)@->?e . :�> . @-X 2 @�:�f 2 8A:�<6> . � � » � & <�*�� � �» � 2=& < 7 : & *�8 ]U`Y0 : 2 @�<6T�: 7 >?:=*«8A<6>?@ 2 @�:�X � 2 8A:�<q> . � � » ��@-X @ [�7�. > & <�* &-7 * 7 : _�7 : . :�<6> & >?8A@�< $ ¨�a ·�a�¨�¨K% d�& <�*�>?e�: 7 : .�[�] > . X1@ 7 � q�®&-7 : ] 8 . >V:�* &-0 @tT-: 8U< � &-0] : . ¨�a ® a�¨ & <�* ¨�a ® a�·�a{): . 8A*: . (+* &-,/. X1@ 7�,\[�]A&-.=d >Ve�: , @ . > 8 ,/_ @ 7 > & <6>­X &-, 8 ]�` @-X ] 8A<: &-7 ,\[�] >V8 . >V: _X1@ 7�,\[�]A&-. * & >?: . >?@�� [�7 >V8 .?.�& <�*FS�8 7�.?2 eX1: ] *�: 7 8U<�¨/1 Ç · d�& <�*j8 .�&-]A. @ &-.�. @ 2 8 & >V:�* 5 8�>Ve>?e�:o< &-, :/@�X���a s a��­: &-7 a � e�: ���~. >V: _ � {��K�;p\{H��i¡m�iC �gJ�HKJ�uGrKC1{rKC1svu |~s�H���F�z1{8 . >?e�:�@ _ >V8 ,j&-] 8 ,j_] 8 2 8U> ] 8A<�: &-7�,\[�] >V8 . >V: _ X1@ 7�,\[�]A&o5 8�>Ve � I £ ÅVÅVÅ�£ � � ¬ � £ � a $ (�<:¶² &�,j_�] : 5)&-. c�8UT-:=< 8U< $ ¨�a ·�a1�%�a %��+< ] 8 3 :�>Ve:+(+* &-,/. X1@ 7�,\[�]A&-.=d >Ve: 0�&�243q5)&-7 * . *�8�X �X1: 7 :=<6>?8 & >?8A@�< X1@ 7?,\[�]A&-.Z&�]A] @ 2k& >V:�>Ve�: X 7 :=: _�&-7?&-, :�>V: 7?. >?@\>Ve�:\�� » � 7V& >?e�: 7 >Ve & <«>?e�:� � » �qa � e�: . :½X1@ 7?,\[]^&-.D&�7 :�¾ ,j& ²�8 ,j&-]A]�` 8 ,/_�] 8 2 8�>VÂ�8U<¿>Ve�: . :�< . : >Ve & >D>Ve�:­X [ < 2 >V8U@�<� :=<6>?: 7?. >Ve: 2k&-]U2=[�]A& >V8U@�<�@�< ]�`l& >�>Ve�: ] :�T�: ]� ¸ ¨�a\±�@ 7 >?e�8 .­7 : &-. @�<l>Ve�: `�&-7 :Y>?e�:e &�7 *�: . >½>V@�8 ,/_�] : , :�<q> @-X &�]A] ] 8A<�: &-7 ,\[�] >V8 . >V: _ X1@ 7?,\[]^&-.�d 0�[ > &-.­5 : . e &�]A]y. :�:j8U<

� � ¨-a ��� ¨�a �d >Ve: `�&-7 : &-]A. @o>?e�: , @ . > . > &-0�] :-a� @�*�: 7 8�T�:o>Ve�: 2 @�:�f 2 8U:=<6> . @-X 0�&-24365Z&-7 * . *8U9G: 7 :�<6>V8 & >V8A@-<�X1@ 7?,\[�]A&-.=d @-<�: 2=& <& c & 8A< , &-3 : [�. : @-X _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�] 8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >?8A@�<;a ��@ 5 d e�@ 5 :�T�: 7�d >Ve�:�* & > &�&-7 : .?&-,V�_�] : . @-X " 7V& >?e�: 7 >Ve & <�@�X � d�&-.�.?[ c�c�: . >V:�*�8A<�±�8Ac [�7 :Y¨�a ® a · 0 a�� :�> hY0 : >Ve�: [ <8Mu [ :_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] @-X)*:=c 7 :=: q � >Ve & > 8A<6>V: 7?_ @ ]^& >?: . " � ���?�?�?� " ��´��ka � e�:o< [�,\0 : 7 " ��´�� 8 .[ < 3 <@ 5 < dv0[ >�8U>�8 . < & > [�7?&-] >?@j*�:�<�: 8U>�8 ,j_] 8 2 8U> ]U`Y06` 8 ,/_ @ . 8U<�c�>Ve: 2 @�<�*�8�>V8U@�<h p $ ! ��´�� %�£ � ��´�� � $ ¨ �°®� ¨ Ç %� 8 3 :­>Ve�: 8A<6>?:=c 7?&-] 8A< $ ¨�a ® a�·�% d >Ve�: *�: 7 8�T & >V8UT-:­8A< $ ¨-a ® a�¨ Ç % 7 : _�7 : . :=<6> .�&/] 8A<�: &-7 X [ < 2`�>?8A@�<�@-Xi>Ve�: * & > &d5 8�>Ve 2 @�:�f 2 8U:=<6> . >Ve & > 2k& < 0 : 2 @ ,/_�[ >V:�*�@-< 2 : & <�*�X1@ 7�&-]U] d& <�*. @ >Ve�8 . :au [�& >V8A@-< 2 @�< . >V8�> [ >?: .y& <�8 ,/_�] 8 2 8U>I*:��<�8�>V8U@�<\@-X &�] 8A<�: &-7i,\[�] >?8 . >V: _ X1@ 7?,\[]^& a� e�: 2 @�:�f 2 8A:=<6> . X1@ 7 � q�®Y5 : 7 : ] 8 . >?:=* &-0 @KT-: 8A< � &�0�] :Y¨�a ® a ~a� @ 2 @�<6T�: 7 >m>?e�8 .«_�7 : .�2=7 8 _ >V8U@�<�8A<6>V@ < [�, : 7 8 2k&-]­2 @�:�f 2 8A:�<6> .=d @-<�: 2k& < & c & 8U<&-__�]U` >?e�: �+: 5 >?@�< 8U<6>V: 7�_ @ ]^& >?8A@�< X1@ 7�,\[�]A& $w. :�: ��²�: 7�2 8 . :W¨�a ® a ·�%�aPS+@ 5 :�T-: 7=d >?e�:_�7 @�@�X 0 : ] @ 5 8 .g& .?] 8 243 : 7 @�<�: 0�&-. :=*/@�< 7V& >?8A@�< &�]�&-_�_7 @k²�8 ,j& >V8U@�< & <�* � e�:�@ 7 : , ¨�a�·�a0)$���� ��$� +*1,]*n�M',',�! ����W�%��$��%�&���(')�� �*�+,#C$1,-/. J�s�HKJ�� L�N��QN�4�8�_rAC>%< � � ¨�6 Nl4�5 �87 LaNh5h6¦B�A�=����WA _[UL [U@�� 5^_5f>�Nl@BA)Nl@l8;>(Zg8;_ ?3Q%:BA4cACL 8;_[)5f_ 8;Z�A�=?=�Q%_fA�=�< � 6 AC>�[ @ML7],@A@;5^>¦B<��» � � ¨Á � » " ��´�� £ � � �-´�� � $ ¨ �¯®�� ¨ J %

$ �+@->?:�>Ve & > $ ¨�a ® aU¨ J %j8 . <@->bu [ 8U>?:l8A< >Ve: . > & <* &-7 *}X1@ 7�, $ ¨�a�·�aU¨�¨t% I 8U> ,�[�. > 0 :<�@ 7?,j&-] 81}=:=* 06` *8UT�8A*�8U<�c 06` >Ve: 2 @�:�f 2 8A:�<6>+@�X " ��´��=a�%

Page 31: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� �������������� ��� ��������!������������������U� �!� ������"��#� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)(�� !o9_8�8;Z m � :�> � $�� % & <�*�� $�� %�£ � � 0 :«>?e�: 2 e &-7V&�2 >V: 7 8 . >V8 2�_ @ ]�` <�@ , 8 &-]U.�2 @ 7?7 : �.�_ @�<*�8A<�c >?@ >Ve�: ��� . >V: _�0�&-24365Z&-7 * . *�8U9G: 7 :=<6>V8 & >V8U@�<SX1@ 7�,\[�]A& a $ (�c & 8A< 5 :�e & T�:<�@ 7?,j&-] 81}=:=* *�8�9;: 7 :=<6> ]U` X 7 @ , [�.�[�&-] a�% { ` � e:=@ 7 : , ¨-a�· d�. 8U< 2 : ] @�c � £�§ ] @�c � ¬ �kd>?e�: @ 7 *�: 7 @-X &�2=2=[7V&-2�` 8 .�� 8UX & <�*�@�< ]�` 8�X� $�� %� � £ § ] @-c � ¬ ��¸� $�$�� §m¨t%� ´ � %£ § � $�� ¬ � §m¨t%�§ �µ $�� ¬ � §m¨t%�µ ¸ � $�� ¬ � §m¨t% §�ÅVÅVÅ�� ¸� $?$�� §�¨K%� ´ � % �>?e & >�8 .�d� $�� %+£ � � � $ ¨ § � ¬ � % ¸ �µ $ ¨ § � ¬ � % µ ¸ � $ ¨ § � ¬ � % ¸ ÅVÅVÅ�� ¸� $?$�� §�¨K%� ´ � % �

{ ` *�:��<8U>V8U@�< d � $�� % 8 . &¿_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-] @�X�*:=c 7 :=: & > , @ . > �Y5 8U>Ve � $w� %[Q£ ��I :�u [ 8UT �&-] :=<6> ]�`�d 8�> 8 .�� � >?8 , : .j&W_ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &�] 8A< � ¬ � @-X­*:=c 7 :=:�:¶² &�2 > ]�` � a���8A< 2 : � $�� %,j& ²�8 , 8M}�: . >Ve�:+@ 7 *: 7 @�X &-2=2�[�7V&-2�`¿&�, @�<c &-]U]�.?[�2 e _ @ ]U` <�@ , 8 &-]A.�d >Ve�: ]^&-. >�X1@ 7�,\[�]A&,j&-3 : . 8U> 2=] : &-7 >?e & > 5 : ,�[�. >�e & T-:� $�� %�£ � ��� $ ¨ § � ¬ � % ¸ ÅVÅVÅ ¸ #� $ ¨ § � ¬ � % ��� �

5 8�>Ve�@ 7 *: 7 @-X &-2=2�[�7V&-2�` � a � e�8 . 8 .D_7 : 2 8 . : ]U`�$ ¨�a ® a�¨ J %�a� e�: . :�>?e 7 :�:�X &-, 8 ] 8U: . @�X ] 8A<: &-7g,\[�] >V8 . >V: _ X1@ 7?,\[�]A&-.�� (�* &�,j.h� { &-. eX1@ 7 >Ve d (+* �&-,/.�� b @ [�] >V@�< dK& <�* 0�&-24365Z&�7 * . *�8U9G: 7 :=<6>V8 & >V8U@�< ��&�7 :�>?e�: , @ . >i8 ,/_ @ 7 > & <6>QX1@ 7 _�7V&-2`�>?8 2k&�]62 @ ,/_�[ > & >V8U@�< . a�M�>Ve�: 7 X &�, 8 ] 8A: .=d e�@ 5 :�T-: 7=d e & T-: &-]U. @ 0 :�:=<\*�:�T�: ] @ _ :=*\@tT-: 7 >?e�:` : &-7�. a � e�: ��� . >V: _ n� ¡�rtH��sG� X1@ 7�,\[�]A& 8 . >Ve�:/@ _ >?8 ,j&-] :¶² _] 8 2 8U> ] 8A<�: &-7­,\[�] >V8 . >V: _X1@ 7�,\[�]A&+5 8U>?e � $�� %�£ � � § � � ¬Gµ d >Ve & >y8 .�d � � £ ¨ d � � ¬Gµ £ §½¨ dq& <�* � » £ � @->?e�: 7 5 8 . :�a� e�: ���~. >V: _ EvJ�uIJqH�{�z'C��6J���� Cwz'uIJ �"!QC'� x�¡=svu X1@ 7?,�[�]^& 8 . >?e�: @ _ >?8 ,j&-] 8 ,/_�] 8 2 8U> ] 8A< �: &-7),\[] >V8 . >?: _ X1@ 7?,\[�]A& @�X >Ve�: .?&-, :+> `�_ :�a �)@�:�f 2 8A:�<6> . X1@ 7 >Ve�: . : X1@ 7�,\[�]A&-.g2k& < 0 :@ 0 > & 8U<�:=* 06` >Ve�: .V&-, : _7 @ 2 : .�. *�: .?2=7 8 0 :=*«8U<«±�8Ac [�7 :½¨�a ® a�· &d :¶² 2 : _ >Z>Ve & >Z<�@ 5�h�$ !�%8 . 8A<6>?:=c 7?& >V:�*�X 7 @ , ! ��´�� ¬Gµ >V@j! �-´�� a � 8 3 :�>?e�:\(�* &-,j. & <�* 0�&�243q5)&-7 * . *�8U9G: 7 :=<6>V8 �& >?8A@�<�X1@ 7�,\[�]^&�.=d >Ve�: ��� . >V: _ � `�. > 7$#@ , & <*Wc�:�<�: 7?&-] 81}=:=* b 8 ] <�: � ��8 ,j_�. @�<�X1@ 7�,\[�]^&�.e & T-:�:�² &-2 > ]�` >Ve�: @ 7 *�: 7 @-X &�2=2=[7V&-2�` @�<�: 5 @ [] *�:�² _ : 2 >+X 7 @ , >?e�:½< [,\0 : 7 @�X�X 7 :�:_�&�7V&-, :�>?: 7?.m$���& <�* � ¸ ¨ d�7 : .�_ : 2 >?8UT�: ]U` % dZ5 8�>VeS@�<�:�:�² 2 : _ >V8U@�< � >?e�:mc-:=<�: 7V&-] 8M}=:�*b 8 ] <�: � ��8 ,j_. @�<�X1@ 7?,�[�]^&Y5 8U>?e � £ ·/e &-. @ 7 *�: 7�®�d <�@->x~a � e�8 . X1@ 7?,\[]^& 8 .�3 <�@ 5 <&-. >?e�: ! Cw�Wx�¡=svu X1@ 7?,�[�]^& X1@ 7 @ 7 *�8U< &-7�` *�8�9;: 7 :=<6>?8 &-] :�u [�& >V8U@�< .��" ��´ µ £ " � ¸ #� � $ � � ¸ ® � ��´ ��¸ � ��´ µ=% � $ ¨ �°®� ¨ � %

Page 32: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� �������������� ��� ��������!������������������U� �!� ������"��#� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)(�� %��������������

������������������������! "�$#%���&#�'�()�+*-,.($#�0/1�(i�2��&#3�&�-4ji5(�4 i5�$��67��#98;:=<5(>� � uwtAxzy/un{ � uR��s�u3?r��xeuw~?{��+s � { � u�}E���L{<u@©����&A � ��t�v�3v8xCB&uwtAuw~?{Axe��{<xes�~ � s�tA�]����[xz~T$���©�eu ��� ��� D>EF (�G �3�-{ � u�� uw{ � s8v�s � �~�vu�{<u�t<��xe~u�vª�ws?u%?r��xeuw~?{A�HF '�G �3�!$ � u�s�tAuw� �/� } � ����A�xz~ �����<uRs � { � u�u%I�@���~��<xes�~�J � � �KJ ¡ ��� � � }��KJ ¡ � � � � HF �LG �3�rxe~/{Auwt9@�s/�e��{<xes�~ � �-��A?xe~ �����<uRs � $ � uws/t<u�� ��� D�

�������� M>�ON1(��+*P,.($#�0/Q��R�2S��#����P47RT(>4KRU���V67��#98;:�<T(�/� �nu�t<xey�u-� ��� ���e�W/� � tAs�� $ � uws�tAuw� ��� D� ���������X��ZY\[�R]#�! ^��#�)�&#`_1a�/%47#cb�$8d67��#98;:�<T(�� � u�{AuwtA� xe~u`{ � un�ws?u%?r��xeuw~?{A�is � { � u { � xetAv8� s/tAv8u�t`e �8�L{<t�fs��� s�tA�]���� ©��rxz~?{Auwt9@�s/�e��{<xes�~ � �-�=A�xe~ �����<u�s � $ � uws�tAuw� �/� D��

������������hgi:0()�0#&(>4j:=#3�k67��#98;:=<5(=/l�nm � �E{ � �=@>@ uw~�� {As]�exz~u���t+�]��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s/t<�[������ � � uw~-{ � u � ��~���{Axzs/~  �Uo �Kp � x���xe~�v8u%@ uw~�v8uw~?{]s � oSq $�sT© u!�j@ u��wx � �"� � �E{ � ��@>@�u�~���{Assr�xe�t@��Ls/~�u � � s�tA�]���� � ��� ���e��v�� qw s�����uw~?{`s�~!{ � uRu3B&u���{`s � yE��t<xes����3�L{<t��E{<u'��xeu�� � s�t1xe~xz{<x����ex]x�xz~ �[{ � ui@ s�xe~?{ � � xe~���~Vxe~?{<u6�/tA��{<xes�~rs ��L��� � �t@tAs�©�euw�P©���r�xe�t@��Ls/~�u � � s/t<�[���� �

Page 33: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � &����� �����������������

��{�xe�"{<xe��ui{Asnxe~/{At<s8v8����uis/~uis � { � u3�wuw~?{<t�����{ � u�� u���s � { � xe��© s?s0A E �K{���©xe�ex {K� � �3u � s/t<u ��'���� { � u� s/tAv]�K{���©xe�zxz{K�|t���tAuw�e�Rx � uwy�u�t���@>@ u���tAu�v]xz~t@���@�u�tA��s�~ ~����uwtAxe�����?� uw{ � s8v� � ©�{ ©?� ��'�W/�� �E{ � � x�� �{<xe��u1�ws�� @�8{Auwt�� � uwtAu � x�v8u��z�|v8x��L{<tAxz©�{<u�v � x {���xz� @ s�t<{A��~���u � ��v]©�u���s���u3�~xey�u�tA�A���e�z�RtAu��ws ��~�x]x�u�v ���� tAs�©�euw�-��s � �K{���©xe�zxz{K�|�$B&u���{����z��s?�K{�uwy/uwtA��~?��� u�t<x��w���/��uw{ � s8v � s�t#�Ls/�zy�xe~ �Rv8xCB&uwtAuw~?{Axe���?u��?���E{Axzs/~�� ���~�v!{ � uw�!�[���L{ ©�u|�ws�~ � tAs�~?{<u�v � u���v8� s/~ �

s/ti© s�{ � s�t�v8xe~���tA�[��~�v @���t<{<x���� v8x]B u�t<u�~/{Axe����u��/���E{<xes�~�� � { � u�t<u���tAu1{ � s|�-��xz~r�L{A��©xz�exz{K�!�?�u��K�{<xes�~��3{ � �E{ � � y�u�@tAsEy�u�v!xz� @ s�t<{A��~/{`sEy/uwt3{ � u��/u���tA� E

�"�#�$&%('(%("*) E + � � p-, � x�� � uw��v+>I8u�v � v8sR{ � u ��s/�t@��8{<u�v�y ���z��u�� � � p � tAuw�-��xz~�© s��~�vu�v���� �/. � q�0%214365879#9'2:;3=<>"�#�$�%2'(%("?) E � � � , � x�� � u��ev >I8u�v � vs { � u ��s/� @�8{<u�v yE���z�u�� � � p � tAuw�-��xe~©�s/�~�v8u�vª��� p .A@ q

$ � u��<u3{ � sB�?�u��L{<xes�~�����t<u3tAuw���E{<u�v � ©�{iv8xe�L{<xe~���{ � ��~�v|u���� ��� ����xe� @�s/tL{���~?{ �=@>@�ex��w�E{Axzs/~�� � m u1� � ���z���s/~��Lx�v8u�t1{ � u!�t��L{1xe~�{ � x�� ��~�vr{ � u � s��e�es � xz~ �-�<u���{<xes�~ � ��~�vr{ � u|�<u���s/~�vVxz~DC>C ��� v��e��� E�

$ � ur��s�{<xey ��{<xes�~ � s�t ���e�iv8x��<�w���A�Lxes�~��|s � �K{���©xe�ex {K� xe�|{ � ur��s?�K{ � ��~�v����u�~/{����F�/��u��L{<xes�~ s�~u��s/��ev!���LA ��©�s/�8{3�]~?��� u�t<x��w������u�{ � s8v E�� xz�e�&x { ��xey�u`{ � u�t<x � � {+��~�� � uwt�qHG � ��s/�tA�<u s/~un�w��~r~u�y�uwtu3I�@ u���{�u3I����{ t<u��L��� {�� � �Lsr�rt<u����<s�~���©�zu � � �r{Asr�-�=A�u|{ � uI�/��u��L{<xes�~V@tAu���x��<u � s�tn{ � u|xe~xz{<x����z� yE���z�u@tAs�©�euw�:� �/�z�/� } � x��i{<s����LA E x � p8, � xe�1� >I8u�v!~?���]© uwt � ��~�v�{ � u���s�� @�{A�E{Axzs/~rx��k@ uwt � s�tA��u�v � x { �yE��tAxzs/���1�K{Au%@T�Lx�xwu�� � , � xe~ªu3I����{`��t<xz{ � � uw{<x�� �� xe�e� � � p � ��s/~?y/uwt:��un{<s o�� p � ��� �/. � q

� ~��E{<��tA���+��s/~KJKu���{<�tAur��x � � {[© ur{ � �E{ � s�t���~����ws�~��<x��K{Auw~?{]�exz~u���t[�]��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s/t<�[���� � { � u��~�� � uwt �[���K{+©�u ��u�� � � � {<u�t3���z� � ��� @ s�xe~?{<u�v�s��8{3xz~HC ��� D� �L��� � �|� uw{ � s8vr�ws�����x {�� �es8�w����uwtAt<s/tA��s ��Lx�xwuBL�� �M ��� �i� x { �ON�P ��� ��~�v�{ � u�t<uR��tAun�|{<s�{���� s �&Q � � ��� � {Axz��uR�K{Au%@�� � �3�8{3�[�Lxe� @�zuR��t:����� u�~?{� � s � �|{ � �E{ { � x�����s/~KJKu���{<�tAuVx�� � �����Lu � w s�~��<xevuwt����exz~u���t �]��z{<x��L{<u%@ � s�tA�]���e� ©����<u�v�@��t<u��z� s/~u3I�{<t��=@ s����E{Axzs/~!s � @tAuwy�xes����3yE���e�u��SR � �-T � �<��� � ���

� � ��� � } � ��� � ¡ � � ¥ � � ¥ � ¥ � �$ � x��`xe�`� �t��L{L��s�t�v8uwt � s�tA�]���e� � xz{ �VU �7J � � �7J ¡ ��� � ��~�vXW#�KJ � � �� ��~�vVxe~ � ����{ � u��w��~ª�ws�~��L{<tA����{u3I�{<t��=@ s����E{Axzs/~ � s�tA�]������`s � ��tA©x {AtA��t<�!s�t�v8uwt s � ���w�w�t������V©��r{A��A�xz~ � U �7J � � �7J ¡ � � � ��Y u�{R�L��� � �� s�tA�]������w��~~s�{ @�s?�<�<xz©��z� ��s�~�y/uwt:��u+{<sR{ � un��s/t<tAu���{#�<s��e�8{Axzs/~ � � s/t x {+���Lu��#~s�xe~ � s�tA�-�E{Axzs/~ � tAs�� { � uv8x]B u�t<u�~/{Axe���>uZ�?����{<xes�~\[ �

$ � �����zs8�����#�������t����w������~~s�{�© u-�L�>?-�wxzu�~?{ � s/tR�ws�~�y�u�tG�/uw~��wu � $ � u��L��tL@tAx��Lxe~ � � �/��{�x��n{ � �E{�������t����w��@�e���#��~[��v�v8x {Axzs/~����8�ws�~�v8xz{<xes�~[s � �L{A��©xe�zxz{K�^]`_3�<��?r��xeuw~?{ � ��~�v]~u��wu��A�<��t<��{<s�s � ��~ � �/��{�{ � xe�xe�#��t��E{ � uwt �/uw~u�tA���!@�t<xe~���x�@�eu1s � ~?��� u�t<x��w���8��~����z�8�<xe� � �t��K{ � s�tA�]���e��{<u�v�@tAu��wxe�<uw�e�|©�� ��� � �`�?�xe�L{ � s�ts�t�v8xe~���tA�rv8x]B u�t<u�~/{Axe���>uZ�?����{<xes�~��1��~�v!©��ba��$IV��~�vdc xe� � {<�[��u�t � s/t1@���t<{<x�����vxCB&uwtAuw~?{<x����>u��?���E{Axzs/~�� �©�s�{ � xz~!{ � u ��'e��� u � � r?{AtA��~ �V� ��'�Ee��� �w���e���ixz{+{ � uXf � �~�v�����uw~?{A����{ � uws/t<u��¦s � ~����uwtAx��w���&��~����e���<x�� � ghji ���lk Dem $'� -onI, 8 ��� ? � > �@$ 5/�K*62 0 , &H� 5 8=<@$ - 8 0���� $'C%8 - 8 �)> ? 7 0)�&�qpsrutwvZxzyKr|{ ?-} 4 4z~ µ I , D� i � $'C%8 - 8 �)> 8 � $ -=� */� 0�*�� 0 $ � � E � 5/*'����� $'C�8 - 8 � > 7 *65 � * &H� � 8=&H� � � m � ��� $6C%8 - 8 �)> 7 24*65�� m�� � ? $ 0 " ��� $>� ��� $'C%8 - 8 �)> 7*65 ��� $>� �(� 8=<�� � & > � 5#��� $'C�8 - 8 �)> 7 24*'5l� m/� � D0� 8��1� 0�� $ -=, � ��� $'C�8 - 8 �)> 8 � $ - � *u� 0%*�� 0 $ � � � �@$ � ��� $'C�8 - 8 � > 7 *'5�)$'C � *'-=,�� � ��� $6C%8 - 8 �)> 7 24*'5�� m/� � ? $ 0 " � � 8 &H� � ��� $6C%8 - 8 �)> ? 7 �)� 5 $6< � 8=<@$ -��� $6C%8 - 8 �)> 7 *65 � � ����� $'C�8 - 8 � > 7 24*65�� m/� � D����� 5 �@$ � *'0+24*65#� ��� ��*65 " �)��8��'� 0s� $ - , ��7 � 8 -=- C��< * &H�3$'����$ 5 � 0I� 8 0^�*� }1D 0 ?o}'D 4 Dh6� ��� 5 �H�?��$'< �/-=> " 8 " � �%�H$ 5 � , &H� 0 �A� , ���'� ��� 8 0 �^� -=* C�$ - � 5 5/*'5/�0�B��� M� C 5 �@$ � " *�� 0�� � 5 > �/* �%8 0 � * 8 0I� 8 �>I*',�5/� � -.22�%� �%� $ 0%��� � 5 8 � 8 0 � ��� 0 �?� � � �:< � 8 *10 D

Page 34: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � #$ � uws/t<u�� �/�z��� xz~�{ � u|~�u3I�{��<u���{<xes�~ ��xey�u��n� @�t<u���x��Lu|�L{A��{<uw��u�~/{ � s�tn{ � u �w���<u�s � �exe~u���tn�]��� {Axe�L{<u@� s�tA�]������ � ��~�v � s/t1@���t<{<x�����v8x]B&uwtAuw~?{<x����>u��/���E{<xes�~�� � �<uwu�$ � u�s�tAuw� ���z�/�

m u�©�u'��xe~ � xz{ � � ~����uwtAxe�����>u%I)@ uwtAxe� u�~?{ �

X+Y[Z]\F^`_�X a�c � cfa�q ��~ { � u �L@xztAxz{�s ��� I��� @�eu �/� } �z�/� �L��@>@�s?�Lu � u �<s��ey�uT{ � u xe~xz{<x����z� yE���z�u@tAs�©�euw�

o�� � o � p���� � � � � o�� �/� � � � � ¥ � ¥ } �©�� { � t<u�u!v8x]B u�t<u�~?{�} ���L{<u%@ u%I)@��zx���xz{[��u�{ � s8v� E { � uru%I?{AtA��@�s/�e��{<xes�~ � s�tA�]���e� � �����8�e����� { � uV�<u��ws�~�v��s�t�v8uwt��nv�����L���3�/� �� s�t<{ � � s�tA�]������ �/� ��� D?��� ��~�v�{ � uOf<s�@8{Axz�-��� g } ���L{<u%@ � s/t<�[��e��� ��� D� } � ��� � �/��xe~ � u{A��A�u1u3I����{��/����~?{<xz{<xeu���� �� � � u�t<u1~u�u�v8u�v � s/t �K{���t<{<xe~ �RyE���e�u�� � �x ���tAu �����8�e� � � s � ��{ � u ��s/�t@��8{<u�v� �~���{<xes�~�� � � p � � s�t �`� � ¥ }R��~�v � ¥ ��� ��~�{ � u3�t��K{`@��zs�{ � ©�s�{ � s � { � u � x � � uwt<� s/tAv8u�t � s�tA�]������ ��@>@ u���t{<s�©�uV@ uwt � s�tA��xz~ ���<��{<x�� � �/��{As�tAxz�e� � ��~ { � uT�<u���s/~�v � � s � u�y�uwt � �e��tG�/u!s?�<�wxz�e�e��{<xes�~�� � � y/u!© u6����~ {<sv8uwy/uw�es�@�xz~�{ � u|�Ls/�z�{<xes�~�©����<u�vVs�~ � �/� D�� } ����� G ©�y�xzs/���<�z��� ��� D� } ��� x��`���<uw�eu��A� � s�t1{ � xe�1@�t<s/©�zu�� �

$���©�eu �����8�e� �-�=A�u�� { � x���© u � � y?xes�t\�?����~?{<xz{A�E{Axzy/u#©��n�exe�L{<xe~ �`{ � ui��s/� @�8{<u�vRt<u��L��� {�� � � ��� � s/t �`�� ¥ } � � ¥ � � � ¥ �� � � ¥ � } �� �n� � v8u��wt<u����<u�� � { � u]�<s��e�8{Axzs/~�©����<u�v�s�~ � �/� ��z� � ��s/~?y/uwt:��u��i{Asr��~ªxe~���s/t<tAu���{�Ls/�z�{<xes�~ � ~�����uw�e�-{ � u � �~���{Axzs/~ p � �/� ��~�v!{ � u|�<s��e�8{<xes�~�©����<u�v�s/~�� ��� D� } ��� v8xey�u�tG�/u��3u3I�@�es/�<xey�uw�e� �e s�{<x���u[{ � ��{�~s/~u]s � { � u ~���]© uwt��R��tAu @tAu��wu�v8u�vT©������ � ��~ { � x���u3I��� @�eu|{ � u xz~��L{A��©xe�zxz{K� � ���©�u�uw~ªu3I�wx {Au�v�©��!v8x��<�wt<uw{<x�x��E{Axzs/~Vu�t<tAs�t�� � ~s�{ t<s/�~�v8xe~ � uwtAt<s/tA� �

�x �/�tAu �����8� }+��xey�u�� � � ��e�zu�t�@�xe��{<�tAu|s � � � �E{nx��A�/s�xe~ �-s�~�xe~ª{ � xe� u3I��� @�eu|©�� @�zs�{L{Axz~ �!{ � uuwtAt<s/t�� � � � � ¡ ���E���#� � ��~���{Axzs/~-s � � ��s�~-�R�es ���<�����eu �/� x { � �<�-���e�zu�t yE���e�u���s � � {AsR{ � u`tAx � � { � � s/t#{ � u�<����u�{ � tAuwu]�zxe~u���t �]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s�tA�]������n��� � uw�e���/�`{ � u � s/�tL{ � ��s�t�v8uwt � v���-�L���1��� �8� s/tL{ �V� s/t<�[����� �/� } ��v���� $ � uV{ � s�� v���-�L���1��� �8� s/tL{ � � s�tA�]������[u3I � xe©xz{r���eu���~ �Lu���s/~�v���s�t�v8uwt ��~�v � s��t<{ � ��s�t�v8u�t��s/~?y/uwt:��u�~���u � �/�"s/~u � s����v�u%I)@ u���{ � � � s � xe~ �nxe~|{ � uk@��zs�{������exz~u���s � �<�zs0@�u1�=@>@�t<s�I8xe����{<u��z� ¡ } ��~�v¡ ��� tAu��L@ u���{Axzy/uw�e� � $ � u�u3I�{<t��=@ s����E{Axzs/~ � s/t<�[��e��� �/� ��z� � u3I � xe©x {���xwu�t<s�{ � ��s�t�v8uwtR��s/~�y�uwt:��u�~���u��Fxe~s�{ � uwt � s/tAv�iv8xzy/uwt:��u�~���u ��� xz{ � { � unuwtAtAs�ti��@>@tAs/��� � xz~ ��{ � u �ws�~��L{A��~/{�� ¡ } � $ � u � s/t<�[��e�-� ��� D� } � �v8xey�uwt:��u��3u3I�@�es/�<xzy/uw�e� �

��{Rxe� ~s�{Rv8x]?-�w��z{ {AsV�<uwu � � �E{ � ��� ��s�~�u � tAs�~ � � xz{ � � �/� D�� } ����� s/t �<xz� @�exe�wx {K� � ���A�L��� u �xe�1~�u6���ex ��xe©�zu � $ � uw~ � ��� D� } ��� © u���s/��u��

� ����� � � � ��� � ¡ � � � � � � � � ¥ � ¥ D?�� �<u��ws�~�v8� s/tAv8u�trtAu�����t<tAuw~��wu tAuw���E{Axzs/~ � s�t R � �-T � ��{ªxe��u����<� {As y/uwtAx � � { � �E{T© s�{ � � � � � ��~�v� � � � ¡ �/� � ��t<uV�Ls/�z�8{Axzs/~��[s � � �����8� D/��� ��� (>:>4KRU����� { � u�« xe~ � � xe� � �<�>@ uwt��<�wt<x�@8{ � ©�8{ { � u�« xe~� ¡ �/� � xe�|��~ u3I�@�s/~uw~?{ � � r8xz~��wur��~ ��tA©xz{<t���tA���Ls/�z�{<xes�~�{<s � �����8� D/� x��|v8u�{AuwtA��xz~u�v�©?� { � sTxe~xz{<x����yE���e�u�� �

� ��~�v � � � xz{ � s��e�es � �3{ � ��{`��~��!�Ls/�z�{<xes�~ª�w��~ª© u � t<xz{L{Auw~�xz~�{ � u � s�tA�� � ��� � ��� � ��� � ¡ ��� � � � ¥ � ¥ ���

� s�t��Ls/� u|�ws�~��L{A��~?{A� � ��~�v � � m � �E{ � ��� � ��@>@ uw~u�vTxz~Ts/�tnu%I�@�u�t<xe��uw~?{nx��`{ � �E{ � � �/�`uw~�v8u�vT��@~s�~�xwuwtAs��F{ � uwtAu x��]�<s���u-u�~uwt:��� xz~ { � ur��s8v8u � ¡ �/� � � ��~�v ��~ u3I�@�es/�<xzs/~ � ���R{��=A/uw~�@�����wu � ��~� ����{ � x � { � u��ws�� @�8{��E{Axzs/~ � x { � ��� � ¥ � } � x����w��tAtAxzu�vªs��8{R{<s�s�~�u]��s�tAu]{Axz��u��K{Au%@ � � � {��=A/u�� { � uyE���e�u � ¥ W��! r��� �#" ��� � x�� � x�� ¡ � ¥ '�D%$ ¡ � {<xe� u��R{ � u �~������?����~/{Ax {K�T�ex��K{Au�v xz~ { � u {���©�eu � r�s�{ � u���A�L���t@{<xes�~V{ � ��{ � � ���1~u'���ex �/xz©��zu � ���1~s�{3{As�s-©���v �

& ] >Ve�@ [ c�e ��²('*) _�] :�¨�a Ç aU¨g8,+ T-: 7�` +�8,) _�] : d 8U>I:�²�e�8.-�8U>/+ >Ve�:�:0+1+?:=<6>?82' ] )/:034e4'-<8,+/)@-X+8A<5+�>�'*-�8 ] 8U> ` 8A< >Ve:«< [ )j: 7 8,30' ] +�@ ]A[ >?8A@�< @�X�@ 716 8A<(' 7�`76 8U9G: 7 :=<6>V8,' ] :�u [ '�>V8U@�<(+8- `] 8A<�:0' 7 ) [�] >?8,+ >V: _ X1@ 7 ) [�] '*+ � ' 7 :93 [�7�7 :�<(3=: 7 : ] '�>V8U@�<�>?e4'�>:' 6 )/8U>/+�'�<m:�² _ @�<�:�<q>?82' ]U]U`

Page 35: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � +

� � ¥ � � � � ¥ � ��

}

}

� �/� D�� } ����n�`}� �/� ��z� �

p p

F ($G �1� � ¥ } F '�G � � � ¥ ��/%(1-:�� 3 a c � c�a c r�s/�z�{<xes�~�s � � �����8� } � ©���{ � tAuwuRu3I�@�ex���xz{3{ � s����L{<u%@V�zxe~u���t`�]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s/tL��]���e�/� � $ � u � x � � � s/tAvuwt � s�tA�]���e�r� ��� D� } � � �zs�s�A8� �/s�s�v-��{ �t��K{ � ©��8{+© u��ws���u��i�~��L{A��©��zu� � u�~V{ � uR{<xe��u|�K{Au%@ªx�� � ���ey�u�v �

�`� � ¥ } � � � ¥ � �1� � ¥ �e� � � � ¥ � } �� I�{<t��=@ s����E{Axzs/~ � �/� ��z� � } �e���!v��� } � ��8�$v�� } � � } ��� } } � �� } W��}�~�v���s�t�v8uwt1�`��� � ��� ��� �?� } � W�E!v0v�� } � vE��EE� } � v�����W�E } � v��$v$W��fLs0@8{<xe�-��� g � ��� D� } � � } � v$D��!D�D ¡ � ¥ � } v } � ¡ � ¥ W } ���� � ¡ ' ¥ D��� ���� ���

� #�$&'(3 a c � c�a c w s�� @�{<u�v�yE���e�u�� � � ��� $ � � s/t`{ � u�xe~xz{<x����z� yE���z�u�@tAs�©��zu�� � �/� �� } ���

���� �-� ��� �&�

��� ��� ��

��� � �

� � �

� �1}� �����8�e���

� ��� D� } � �

�/%(1-:�� 3 a c � c�§�c � tAt<s/t � � � � � ¡ �������|� � �~���{Axzs/~ s � {<xe��uV�L{<u@ � � s�t�{ � uV�<s��e�8{<xes�~ s �� �/� �� } � ©?� � s��t`u%I)@��zx���xz{ �zxe~u���t`�]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s/t<�[������ �

Page 36: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � �c 7 @ 5 8A<�c +?@ ]U[ >V8U@�< � � X1@ 7 +�@�)j: � � � y ¨�a � [ 34e ' +?@ ]U[ >V8U@�<S8.+ +�@�)/:�>V8.)j:9+��q<�@���<'�+ ' xi{�HK{�¡kC rKC'� ¡�sGzwF rKCwsvu @-XD>?e���� [ )�� �,30' ] )��>?e�@ 6Qd + ���(3����U>��,+����6>��@ 6[ 3�� 6 - `>?e�� 6 �.+/3� ��>��M} '�>��A@��� '�>Ve���+>Ve('��m>Ve��\@� 6 ���4'� ` 6 ������ ���6>��,' ] �au [ '�>��A@�����> + � ] X aYt~>��.+ 'c�������/' ]�_ ���(3�� _�] �)>Ve('�>��UX + [ 34e ' )/@ 6 ����²��,+ > + d ��>�� � ]U] ' ] )j@�+ > ' ] � ' ` + -��!�¶²�3��U>�� 6 - `���U>Ve��� 6 �.+/3� ��>��M} '�>��A@�� @�"?@ [ � 6 ����c!�� ?@�1+ d @� - ` �� ?@�1+"��� >?e��#������>��,' ] 3=@�� 6 �U>��U@��(+�a�M�X3�@ [ /+ �$��� _ ����53�� _] � d >Ve�� 3=@%��f 3������6>'& ���)( ¨-a Ç a ®+* )��Uc�e-,., [ ��0/ [ ,1,�/ -2��� 6 ���-,��.3 ' ]U]U`}����/ d - [ ,#��� _ '*3�,��.3���,?e��,+ _ /�+1+��.-�� ] ��, ` 3 '3� [ + [ ' ]A]U` -2�!�Ac���/��� 6 a � T�����UX2&#������ }����/'3,"4�£ ��d ��,5�./ [�].6 + /�/�� -2�03�/�)�#��/���}����/ 6�[ �#,�/�T*'� �2'�- ] � 3�/���f 3������-, + d ��/�� ] �����0'���6, `�d/�! / [ � 6 ����c7����/�/+ d '�� 6 ,Ve�� � � c��/��!,?e8�./ [�].6 ,Ve����8, '����9/tT��� +�/%/�����!/� ] '3,����a;:� e�� '��4' ]U` +��.+$/-X ��²5'�) _�] �«¨-a Ç a�¨83 '�� -2�/c������� ' ] �M}�� 6 '�+­X</ ]A] /=� +�a �$�UT���� '�� `] �����0'� ) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�/) [�] ' d 3�/��5+�� 6 ��!,Ve�� '�+1+�/ 3��,'3,�� 6 �03 [ � ���(3��>�� ] '3,���/��

� ( ¥ *@? � £ ��» � I � » ? ��´ » £ � ( ¨ � Ç���Ç�*/�-�,�'������ 6 X<�/�)A( ¨-aK~a ®+* � �6,VeO��£ � a s � 6 ��B��� �9 :1@M>�5`AC_ ? Q%:&Nl@MLaNh5h6 Zg8;_�? Q%:�AV@1L�¡�rt{ � zwJ @1ZWAC:1: L8;:gQ�NP@T8;>�L � ? ��� 8;ZkNP4�5 _5?=�Q%_ _`5f>+=�5_5f:�A)NP@T8;>DCFE m;GUmHG�I AC_`5�B�8UQ%>�[�5�[iACL KJML m

� e��.+ )��0'��(+�,Ve('3,yX</� '�� ` X [ �53�,���/��«� ? ���N,?e4'3, + 'O,��,+�B�0+N( ¨�a Ç a Ç�*¶d ,Ve����� ��²��.+ , +�' 3�/�� �+@,�'��-,QP y�� + [ 34eR,Ve4'3, � ? � � q P X</� ' ]A] � � a s � +�e4' ]A] ��X<�� ,�/7,Ve��9��93 [ ����(3�� � ] 'O,���/��0��, + � ] X '*+ ¡�rt{ � zwJ d '�+!�.� ]U] '�+!,Ve�� ] ����� '3 ) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�/) [] 'a� e�����$�,+ '��S� ] �0)���-, '� ` 3� ��,������/��jX</� 6 ��,���1)���������c�+ , '�-�� ] ��, ` /-X ' ] �����0'��) [�] �,��,+ ,�� _ X</�/) [�] ' d -4'�+ � 6 /��0,Ve�� 34e4'�/'�3�,��� �,+ ,��,3 _ / ]U` ��/�)�2' ] � a

� � �������+*n�e�%�g����'!�� ,C�a$30)�M#C�&�BT-/. J�s�HKJ�� L�NVUGNb9 :M@M>�5AC_�? QC:&NP@1LHNe5h6 Zg8;_ ?3Q%:BA @1L�LHN&A�BC:l5�@MZkAC>�[j8;>�:=<j@MZ AC:1:rNP4�5_8�8�NPLx8;Z � ( ��* L^A)NP@1L Z1< � � � q ¨�6 A >�[3AC>%<i_8�8�N �9@&Nl4 � � � £ ¨ @1LrL @1?/6n:T5 m& ¾1+ �,) _�] ��ÂW�/%/�, �,+ '7 /�/�, /�X ) [] ,�� _�] �.3��6, ` ¨�a

4�@1_ LHNk6n_8�8;Z m � / _ �/tT��0,Ve��,+W,Ve���/� �0) d �.�X����� 6 ,�/Y���qT��0+@,��Ac�'3,�� ' ]U]Z_ /�+/+ �,- ] �+ / ]A[ ,���/��5+½� ? ��� d � �d /-X#,Ve��>��03 [ � ���(3��7�� ] '3,���/��Z( ¨�a Ç a Ç�* a �����53�� '3� ` + [ 34e + / ]A[��,���/��X�,+ 6 ��,���/)����� 6 - ` �6, +N�����6,��2' ] T�' ]A[ �9+ ? I ���?���V�[? � ¬ }kd ,Ve�� +���,�/-X ' ]U] /-X\,Ve��9)]�.+ 'h �1� 0 � 5 $ - * C � � 5 � $ � 8 *'0 8 � � ��$ ��� ��� 0 $ 0I> - 8 0 ��$ 5 � 5/* <�� � � $'"�&H8 �/� $ 0 �|��� *'0 � 0I� 8 $ -=-.> � 5/*�� 8 0 � � *1-=, � 8 *'0 8 0� ��� *'5 > ? � ��$ � � 5/*�� � � � 8 -=- $ - & *1��� 8 0s� $ 5 8 $6C -.> $'����@$ 5 8 0 � 5 $'< � 8=<�� D � 0�-.> 8 0 0%*'0%- 8 0 �@$ 5 � 8 �/, $ � 8 *10�� <@$ 0 � �%��?� 8 ��� � 0 <�� *'2 �?� � *10 � 0I� 8 $ -=-.> � 5/*z� 8 0 � & * " � �32 $68 - �/* & $ � ��8 �/� � -=2 2 � -.� D � * &H� � ��$ � 2 $ 5 �;^�,�0 ���?��$6&H� - �< * &H� �32 5/* & 0 , &H� 5 8=<@$ - - 8 0 �@$ 5 $ - �1��C 5 $ D._ 0 � ��� � *1-=, � 8 *'0 *'2 $ 0$`Xab` & $ � 5 8�� � 5/* C - ��& � C > k $ ,�� � 8 $ 0� - 8=&H8 0 $ � 8 *'0b� 8 � � ��$ 5 � 8 $ - �%8 � *'� 8 0 �@c $ ��8o�'� -.> 0�*10%- 8 0 ��$ 5 � 5/* <�� � � c $ 0 �|��� -=*1� 8 *10 *'2 5/*1,%0 "�8 0 � � 5 5/*65/� $ �� ��� 5 $ � � µ d �-� <@$ 0 * <�< ,�5 8 0 � 5 8 0 <:8 � - � ? C , � $ - & *1��� 0 � � � 5 " * � � 8 0 � 5 $'< � 8=<�� � � 5 � 2 � � ��� 0$e i <�� 5 ��8=C� 5 ?�) � � 5 $>�1� � <@$ � � ��� $'C%8 - 8 �)> *'2 k $ ,%� � 8 $ 0 � - 8=&H8 0 $ � 8 *10 ? 7 ,`��$�*DfhgH*!ikj;lnmpok$�qri@s;g�$ut�trspmwvyxzg ?4}z{ { I � D

Page 37: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( �/�T��03�,�/� + _ '*3�� /-X 6 �,)���(+ ��/�� � a � e��� ��X</� ���X#���830'��j�� 6 �/] ����� '3 ]U` ��� 6 � _ ��� 6 ���-,+ / ]A[ ,���/��5+ ? � d ,?e��0+ �K� � ]A] X</�/) ' -4'*+��,+!/�X ,?e���+ _ '�3��K/�X ' ]U];_ /�+/+ �,- ] � +�/ ]U[ ,���/��(+ d '�� 6,?e��� �03 [ � ���(3��>�� ] '3,���/��S� � ]A] -2� + , '�- ] �9��X '�� 6 /�� ]U` ��X\�0'�34e�/-Xb,Ve���-4'*+��,+ + / ]A[ ,���/��5+�.+�-�/ [ � 6 � 6 '�+ KJML atF,'�,+!�0'�+ ` ,�//T��� �UX ` ,?e4'3,'�UX � �,+ '�� ` /�/�, /�X � ( �-*�d ,?e����

? � £ � � ( ¨ � Ç��KJ�*�.+>/���� +�/ ]U[ ,���/��Z/-X�( ¨�a Ç a Ç�* a ( & c '���� d /�� ,?e�� ] ��Xn, �,+ ' + [�_ ��1+/3� � _ , '�� 6 /�� ,?e�� �Ac�e-,K��,9�.+�'3� �¶² _ /������-,ka t~X � £ � ��� 6 ������ � I £}¨-a * t~X � e4'�+ � 6 �.+ ,����(3h,9�/%/�, + d,?e�����,?e��0+ �+X [ �53�,���/��(+�3�/��5+ ,��6, [ ,��:' -4'�+ �,+=a �����(3��Q�0'�34e X [ �(3h,���/���( ¨�a Ç a J�* �.+�-2/ [ � 6 � 6��X '3� 6 /�� ]U` �UX � � � q ¨ d ,Ve��.+ _ �/tT��0+ ,Ve��$,Ve���/� �0) ���S,?e�� 3 '�+ ��/�X 6 �.+ ,����(3h, �/%/�, +�a

M���,Ve��W/�,Ve��� e4'3� 6 + [�__ /�+ �>,Ve('3, � ( ��* e4'�+ '��/%/�, � /�X ) [�] ,�� _�] �,3���, `3w �W·�a� e������6,�3 '��R��0' 6 � ]U` -2� T����� B� 6 ,Ve4'3, �0'�34e�/�X ,?e��­X [ �(3�,���/��5+? � £ � � � ? � £ µ � � � ���?�V� ? � £ v ¬ } � � ( ¨ � Ç�����*

�.+ '�� ' 6(6 �6,���/��4' ] + / ]A[ ,���/���/-X"( ¨�a Ç a Ç�*�d '�� 6 3 ] �0'� ]�` ,Ve�� ` '��� ' ]U]�] �����0'� ]�` ��� 6 � _ ��� 6 ���-,+ ���(3�� 6 �=c����� � ( w §�¨ *½_ / ]U` ��/�)��,' ] ���-,��� _ / ] '3�+,/+>��� w _ /����-, + '��� [ ���Mu [ � d ,�/ +/' `��/3,Ve�����c>/-X L _ /����-, +�Æ�(Tt~X � £ �d �.���� _�] '�3�� » � � - ` ,?e��+X [ �53�,���/���,?e4'3,.,�'��3�0+�,?e��T*' ]U[ �Y¨ 'O, £�Á '�� 6�� � ] +�����e������a * � e��0+ � X [ �(3h,���/��(+ '��� -2/ [ � 6 � 6 ��X '3� 6 /�� ]U` �UX� � � O ¨ d '�� 6 ,Ve��.+7B���.+?e��9+',?e�� _ �/%/-X /-X ,?e��$,Ve���/���9) ���0,?e�� c������� ' ] 30'�+���a

9x:gNh5^_ >cA)Nl@�@�5 6n_8�8;Z B�ACL`5a[i8;> :M@1>�5AC_rAC:1])5BC_fA m � e�� _ �/%/-X!'�-2/tT��9�,+ + �,) _�] � '�� 63�/�) _] ��,�� d - [ ,N,?e��� ���.+�'3��/�,Ve��� � ' ` /-X ] /%/��+����c '3, � e���/���9) ¨-a � ,Ve4'O,N���6T�/ ] T��0+�',��034e����1u [ �$/-Xic������� ' ] �,) _ /� , '��(3���a �"��, [ +!��h� ���,��Q,Ve�� ��� + ,�� _ �03 [ �����(3��9 � ] 'O,���/��'�+ '«¨ � + ,�� _ ) '3,����²�/ _ ��/'3,���/��0/���T��03h,�/�1+ � /-X ] ����c�,Ve ���

�����������

? ��´ }? ��´ µaaa? ��´��

������������£������������

� ¨� ¨a a a a a a� ¨§ � I ÅVÅVÅ § � � ¬Gµ § � � ¬ }

�������������

�����������

? �? ��´ }aaa? ��´�� ¬ }

������������� ( ¨ � Ç���*

� e4'O,N�.+ d � ��´ } £� � � � ( ¨ � Ç�� 1 */� '�Xn,��� +@,�� _ + d � � £� � � I � ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨ ��*��e������+� 6 ����/�,��9+!,Ve�� ,Ve _ /��.��!/-Xb,Ve�� ) '3,����²�� a � e��,+!�.+�' 6 �.+/3� ��,�� '��4' ] /�cW/-X,?e��� � 6�[ 3h,���/��Z/-XZe��Ac�e��� � /� 6 ���M R � +9,�/ �/+ , � /� 6 �� + ` +@,��0) + 6 �9+/3���,-2� 6 ��� � ¨�aU¨-a

Page 38: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � .� e���+/30' ] '� + �au [ ���53�� � ? � �>� � ]A] -2� -�/ [ � 6 � 6 '�+ >JML ��X '�� 6 /�� ]U` ��X\,Ve��½T��03�,�/�+ �au [ ���53���� � ���Q�,+ -2/ [ � 6 � 6Qd '�� 6 � � ���Q� � ]U] ���, [ �� -�� -2/ [ � 6 � 6 ��X%'�� 6 /�� ]U` ��X ,?e��� ] �0)���-,/+N/-X �+� '� � -�/ [ � 6 � 6 a � e [ +Q���½e4'kT��>�� 6[ 3�� 6 + , '�-�� ] ��, ` ,�/ ' _ /�- ] �9) /-Xc� /��!,VeR/��-�/ [ � 6 � 6 ���0+1+Q/-Xb,Ve�� _ /�����/+'/-X '8) '3,����²Ga

& ) '3,� ��² � /�X ,?e���X</�1) ( ¨�a Ç a �* �,+Q�%��/=� � '�+ ' ��sG� x�{�u � sGu��W{r�� ��� d '�� 6/���� 3 '�� T��� �UX ` ,Ve4'3, 6 ��,�( ��� § � * £ � ( �-* X</� '�� ` ��d ��e����� � ( �-* �,+ 6 ��B��� 6 - `( ¨�aK~�aU¨ * '�+ [ + [ ' ] aH: tz�8/�,?e���.��/� 6 + d ,?e�� 34e4'�/'�3�,�����.+ ,��,3 _ / ]U` ��/�)��,' ] /-X ,Ve�� ) '3,� ��²� �,+�,Ve�� + '*)���'�+.,?e�� 34e4'� '*3�,�����.+ ,��.3 _ / ]�` ��/�)��,' ] /-X ,Ve�� ] ����� '� ) [] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�/) [] 'a� e������X</����,?e�� +��h,0/-X9���Ac����qT*' ]U[ �0+�/-X� �,+,Ve�� + '�)� '�+�,Ve�� + ��,0/�X9�/%/�, +�/-X � d'�� 6 ,Ve��0+��X���Uc����6T*' ]A[ �0+ 6 ��,���/)������e�/=� ,?e�� _ /��.��/+ � � -2�=e4'kT�� '�+ ` ) _ ,�/�,��.3 ' ]U]U`'�+ 0J L a � / ) '3���X,?e�� 3�/������93�,���/�� _ ��03��,+ ��/���� 3 '�� ] /%/�� '3,,Ve�� +��,)� ] '���6, `,� '��(+ X</�/) '3,���/���,?e4'3, -� ����c�+ � ���+,�/�� s���i{�u���{�uisvu � ��{�z�|~s��� d

� £� ���¬ } �S'����� �.+ '3� ��� � ��/��5+����c [�] '3 ) '3,����² d '�� 6 �R�.+ '3� ��� � ) '3,� ��² 3�/��(+ �,+ ,�����c9/-X%' ]A]}����/�+1��²�3�� _ ,ZX</� '�+ ��,!/-X�� s���i{�u � zws �K� ¡ ���!' ] /��cK,?e�� 6 �,'-c�/��(' ] � ��,Ve,Ve��+X</�/)

� � £��������������

� � ¨� � ¨ �a a a a a a

� � � ¨� �

����������������

��e����� � � �,+ /����K/-X\,?e��>���Ac����6T�' ]A[ �9+'/�X ��a � T��� ` ) '3,� ��²«e('�+:'���/� 6 '�� 30'���/����,3 ' ]X</�1) d '�� 6 X</� ) '3,���,3��0+"��� c�������/' ] d �0'�34e>���Ac����qT*' ]U[ � ) ' ` ' _�_ � '� ��� + ��T��� ' ] ��/� 6 '��- ] /�3k� +�a ±B/�!' 3�/�) _ '�����/���) '3,� ��² d e�/�����T��� d ,Ve�����.�,+b��²5'�3�, ]U` /���� ��/� 6 '�� - ] / 3k� X</��0'�34eW���Uc����6T*' ]U[ � d � ��,?e 6 �.)����(+���/��K�au [ ' ] ,�/',Ve���) [�] ,�� _�] �.3���, `�w � /�X�,Ve4'O, ���Ac����6T�' ]A[ ��a(��� /�/�X � ��� § � e4'�+1/'����b� � §�¨ X</� '�� ` �d +����53����6, + [_�_ �� � ��Ac-e+,$( � §�¨ *� ( � §�¨ *- ] /�3k�9�.+ /�-6T%��/ [ + ]�` ��/��(+ ����c [] '��a�� [ 34e8'�) '3,� ��²9�.+!30' ]A] � 6 uIsvu������Ks���{rks�� �ya * �'/=�,?e�� _ /��.��/+'/-X � '���

� � £ (� ���¬ } * ÅVÅVÅ�(� ���¬ } * £� � � )¬ } �+ /�,Ve�����+c��/��!,Ve /��-2/ [ � 6 � 6 ���9+/+9�,+ 6 ��,���1)������ 6 - ` ,Ve�� c��/��!,?e /�:-2/ [ � 6 � 6 ���9+/+h � 0 � � $ >3�/* � � 5 8 2 > 8 � 8 � �/*#-=*I*��32 *'5 ��8��1� 0�� ��< �/*'5/�9*'2%� ��� 2 *'5 & � }"!$#%!�&�&�&�!$# ����� �(' ? � �%� 5 � # 8 �B� �%� ��8��1� 0s� $ -=, � D

Page 39: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � */-Xb,Ve�� _ /�����/+ � � d ��e��.34e 30'�� -��$� ��6,�,���� 6 /�� ���¶² _] �,3���, ]U`��

� �� £�������������������

� �� ¹ � } ¼ � � ¬ }� ÅVÅ?Å ¹ �v � ¬ } ¼ � ��´ } ¬ v ��� �� ¹ � } ¼ � � ¬ }�a a a a a a aaa

� �� ¹ � } ¼ � � ¬ }�� � ��

� ������������������

t~X � � � � O ¨ d ,Ve��9+��>� ] �9)����+,/+ ' _�_ / '�34e � '�+ KJML a t~X � � � � y ¨ d ,Ve�� ` ' _�_ / '�34e L at~X � � � � £�¨ d ,Ve�� ` '3�� -2/ [ � 6 � 6 ���Z,?e�� 3 '*+��S/-X�' ¨ � ¨ - ] / 3k� d - [ , [ � -2/ [ � 6 � 6 �UXw � ��·�a� e��.�� ' 6 ��!+?e�/ [],6 +@, [(6` � e���/���9) ¨-a � '�� 6 -2/�,Ve�/-XB�6, + _ �/%/-X#+ [ �+,�� ] e��./�!+�e���.+Wu [ ��,���3�/�)oX</� , '�- ] � � �6,VeW,Ve��0)�a � e��0+ �!,���.3k� + X</� '��4' ]U` }�����c���93 [ ����(3�� �� ] '3,���/��5+3�/�)�� [_ + /�/-Xn,����8,Ve4'O,!,Ve�� ` '���$�./� ,?eX �0)�0) -2�� ����caX+Y[Z]\F^`_�X a c � c�§>q a�uw{+��� {<u��K{ { � u �L{A��©xe�zxz{K�[s � y ��t<xes���� �exz~u���t �[��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s/t<�[��e�/� ��s/~��<xev8u�t<u�v�>@�{<s�{ � xe� @ s�xe~?{ � �n~?� �nv�����L���3�/� �� s�t<{ � s�t��nv���-�K���Ts���� {As�~ � s�tA�]���� � ��� U �KJ � � J � ¡ J � ��� �� x { � tAs�s�{���R � � � �L¥<¥L¥�� � T � �<sV{ � u��Lu ��u�{ � s�v�����tAu[�L{A��©��zu � $ � u e �8�K{Atlfs/�:��~�v ��uw~�uwt����ex]x�u�v��Txe�e~u��r�xe�t@��Ls/~ � s�tA�]������ � � y�u U �KJ � � J � ¡ J ���&� � � x { � t<s�s�{A�BR � � ¡ � � � �L¥L¥<¥/� � T � �Ls�{ � uw�T��t<u|�L{A��©�zu|{<s�s �$ � u��<� � uw��u � ��� D� } � � { � �E{ �w�����Lu�v-{At<s/�©�eu xe~ � I��� @�eu �����8�e� � ��� U �KJ � � J � � � J ¡ �8�?� x { � tAs�s�{A�R � � ¡ � T � �Ls�xz{ix�� ��u�tL{���xe~�e�]�~��L{A��©�eu � �n� � s/t�{ � un�zu��<� vtA������{<x��w���z�e�|�~��<������u��A� � �� � s�tA�]���e�-� �����8�e�����x { � ��� U �7J � � J � ¡ }=J � � � �7J ¡ � � � � � xz{ � �-�[��z{<x�@�zu tAs?s�{ R � � � T � �<srxz{���s/�~?{A� ��� ��~��K{���©�eu�{As?s�Lxe~��wu x {1��v8��xz{A� { � uA�/t<s � xe~ �|�<s��e�8{<xes�~ � � � « � $ � u � x � � uwt<��s�t�v8uwt#u%I?{AtA��@�s/�e��{<xes�~ � s�tA�]����|v8u6�~u�v©�� U �7J � � �7J ¡ � � � � W#�7J � � � ��v8��xz{A��{ � u-��vv8xz{<xes�~����#�Ls/�z�{<xes�~�� « � � « £ �<¥L¥L¥:� « � ��� � ����A�xz~ � � s�t���~xz~��K{���©xe�zxz{K�!��s/t<ui@tAs�~s/�~���u�v!©��8{n�K{Axz�e�"��� �/uw©t���x��nt��E{ � uwt3{ � ��~ªu3I�@ s�~u�~?{<x���� �

�N/3,��9,Ve4'3, - ` � e���/���9) ¨-a�· d '3� ` 3�/��(+ �,+ ,����-, ] �����0'��) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�/) [] '\e4'�+�' /�/�,�/-X � ( �-* '3, � £ ¨ d '�� 6 ��X�,Ve��\X</�1) [�] '��,+ +@,�'�- ] � d ,?e���� � e���/���0) ¨�a � ���(+ [ �0+,?e4'3, ,Ve��.+ �/%/�, �,+8+��.) _] �-a tF,�,+830' ]A] � 6 ,Ve�� x�� � ui� � xi{�z �KsQs�r /-X � d X</� ��, �,+7,?e��/���� ,?e4'3,�,�/'�3k� + ,?e�� 6 ������ ���-,��,' ] ��u [ '3,���/��Qa � e��:' 656 ��,���/��4' ] 3�/��(+��.+ ,����(3 ` 3�/�� 6 �6,���/����� ( ¨ * £ ��( ¨ * /-X � e���/���0) ¨�a · '�)�/ [ �-, +9,�/8,Ve�� 3�/�� 6 ��,���/��Y,Ve4'O,���X � �,+ _ �� , [ /-2� 6'r� ' ` X< /�) ¨ d ,Ve�� _ ���(3�� _ ' ] �/%/�, -2�=e4'kT��9+�3�/�� �03h, ]U` ,�/ ] �0' 6 ���c7/� 6 ��=atz� � ¨�a ~ '�� '3�4' ] /-c ` � '�+ )���-,���/���� 6 -2��,z�.����� ] ����� '3 ) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�/) [�] '�+ '�� 6 �03 [ /+���T�� 6 �Ac��6,�' ] ] ,���/+�a tz� 6 �Ac��6,�' ] +��Ac��4' ]y_ /�3��0+/+ ����c d /���� 6 �9) '�� 6 + � � � O ¨oX</�+@,�'�-�� ] �6, `+I ��e ` ,?e���� 6 /%�0+ � e���/� �0) ¨�a � 3�/��-,�'���� ,Ve��S�.� '��3��83�/�� 6 ��,���/�� � � � q ¨��� e��:'��(+@������,+#,?e4'3, [ � ] ����� ,Ve�� [ + [ ' ] ] ,���/+ d '�� M R �Z���+,��=c�/'3,�/��) [ + ,.��9)��9) -���,?e�� _ '�+ , � ��T���� X</� T*' ]U[ �0+$/�X.4N��e��� �� �,+�}��� / d J �,+$����c������� ' ] ��/���}����/�aFt~X ' ]A] /�/�,/+ � + '3,��,+��� 6 � � � O ¨ d ,Ve��!���� [ ���(3��'/�X�,?e�� _ '�+@,#��/ [],686 ��� 'r� ' ` ��² _ /������-,��2' ]U]U` a

Page 40: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � (� e���/���9) ¨�a ��] � 'kT��9+ [ +���� 'X��0) '� �*'*- ] �8+��6, [ 'O,���/�� d + [ ) ) '� �M}�� 6 ��� ±\�Uc [ �¨�a Ç a ~a3{ ` � e���/� �0) ¨�a · d 3�/��(+ �,+@,����53 ` �,+9,Ve�� 3�/�� 6 ��,���/�� ,?e4'3, � ( �-* � ��( �-* ) '3, 34e��0+] /�c � ,�/ '3, ] � '�+@, +��93�/�� 6 /� 6 �� '3, � £ ¨-a�{ ` � e���/���9) ¨�a ��d +@,�'�-�� ] �6, ` �,+Q,?e�� 3�/�� �6 �6,���/��Z,Ve('3,8' ]U] /�/�,/+W/-X � ( ��*�] ������� � � � q ¨ d � ��,?e +��,) _�] ���/%/�,/+W/�� ]�`W_ ��1)��6,�,�� 6/�� � � � £ ¨-a � e [ +$,Ve��W,z��/ 3� [ 3��,' ] _ / _ �� ,����9+�/-X ] ����� '��) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�/) [�] '�+�e4'kT��-2������ � 6�[ 3�� 6 3�/�) _�] ��,�� ]U` ,�/ ' ] c��0-�/'��,3 u [ �0+@,���/��(+ 3�/��(3��� ������c '$ 'O,���/��4' ] X [ �(3�,���/��;a� e�� _ /�/�X#+1/-X ) '3� ` ��9+ [�] , +!����,Ve���,?e���/� ` /-X ] ����� '3 ) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _ X</�1) [�] '*+ d + [ 34e '�+� e���/���9) +�¨�a '�� 6 ¨�a21 -2� ] /�� d 3�/��(+ �,+@,1/-X '��c [ )���-, +�/-X _�[ � 3�/�) _�] ��² '��4' ]�` +��,+ /-X/'3,���/��4' ] X [ �(3h,���/��(+ d e4'kT%���cK��/�,Ve�����c + [_ ���43��2' ]U]U` ,�/ 6 /$� ��,?e /� 6 ���4'� ` 6 �6� ������+,��2' ]��u [ '3,���/��(+=a

,%�a$+0)��# �e�BT ��� 5^_8;L 8;Z � ( �-* @M>jQ%>)@&N [U@1L � 6 L @1?/6�:l5�@MZW8;>jQ%>)@&N[=f@1_�=^:l5�� i*��� b��'d$ � �n+� �$ �uT � �

� ( �-*��( �-* £ ] /�c � ¸� (�( � §�¨ * ´ } *

�����3,��,%����� �uT � � �W¨� � ����� � L�N �QN10QN �%,�'*-�� ] ��, `�d 3�/��(+��.+ ,����(3 `�d '�� 6 /� 6 ��Q/-X�'*303 [ '�3 ` '�+ ' ] c�� �-�/'��,3 3�/�� 6 �6,���/��(+1/��8,Ve��9/'3,���/��4' ] X [ �(3�,���/�� � ( �-* � �#( �-* a� e��\X</ ]U] /�� ���c�,Ve���/� �0) + [ ) ) '� �M}��0+N,?e�� + , '�-�� ] ��, ` /-X�,?e�� + , '�� 6 '3 6 X '�)� ] ���0+

/-X ] ����� '3 ) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�/) [] '>,Ve('3,!���½e4'kT�� 6 �.+/3 [ +/+�� 6 a,C�a$30)�M#C�&�BT���'�,%��$n�3*�$n i*(#C�����!$� (*�+,#C�%��,%����"/'!�� n*�+�#%$3,-/. ��s� ��� L�N��QN 2�4�5 �87 LHNe5h6 9d[!A ?�L 7A; ACL�4�Zg8;_aNP4 6 9d[�AC?�L 7�� 8UQ%:&Ne8;> 6� <)LaNP_�8�? 6AC>�[V])5^>�5f_^AC:M@ � 5�[ � @1:M>�5 7 � @1?/6nL`8;>FZg8;_ ?3Q%:BACL AC_`5rLaN&A�BC:T57Zg8�_7AC:1: � � ¨ m 2�4�5 �87 LHNh5e6

B�A�=����WA _[UL [U@�� 5^_5f>�Nl@BA)Nl@l8;>(Zg8;_ ?3Q%:BACLkAC_`5rLHNgA�BC:T5rZg8;_ ¨ q � q J 6 B)Q)N7Q%>�LaN&A�BC:T5rZg8;_� � �)mo9_8�8;Z m � e��7 �0+ [�] ,/+�X</�N,?e��/B1+ , X</ [ +X '�)� ] ���9+'/�X ] ����� '� ) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�1) [�] '*+X</ ]U] /�� � '*+�� ]�` X< /�) � e���/� �0) ¨-a ��d '*+ 6 �0+13���.-�� 6 ��� ��²5'�) _] ��¨�a Ç a ·�a � e�� '��4' ]�`,�

+ �,+�/-X -('�3k�-� '� 6 + 6 ������ ���-,��,'3,���/���X</�/) [�] '�+Q�.+ ' )/����3�/�) _�] �,3 'O,�� 6 ) 'O,�,��� d + ���(3��

Page 41: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � !,?e�� _ / ]�` ��/�)��,' ] + � ( �-* '���R��/ ] /���c���7,����T%�2' ] a tz�(+@,�'�-�� ] �6, ` X</� � � � � '�+� �03�/-c ����1}�� 6 � [ )�� �,3 ' ]A]U` ���Y,?e��«¨/1 Ç�� � +( b ��,/34e�� ]U] '�� 6 �� '�c�c�+ d ¨/1 Ç ~ *�d - [ ,9��/�, _ /tT�� 6) '3,Ve��0) '3,��.3 ' ]U]U` [ �-,�� ] ¨/1 � ¨W( �� ` �� d ¨'1 � · * a & �S� ] ��c '��-, +�e�/�@, _ /�/-X5/-X"���5+ ,�'*-�� ] ��, `X</� � �}¨K·8� '�+ 6 ��T%�,+ � 6 - ` S�'��� ���'�� 6 s '�������W��� ¨'1 ~ '�� 6 3 '�� -2� X</ [ � 6 /��_�_ ac~6· � ~%~¨$/-X1(<S:'3����� d �!U�/+ ��, ,�W s '3������ d ¨/1 ,��* a� / 3 ] /�+ �!,Ve��.+ +��03h,���/��7��� +?e(' ]A]�_ ��0+ ���-, '����.) _ /�@,�'��-,� �0+ [�] ,#,?e4'3,��,+#�+��/�� � '�+,?e���� ��¡�r��«{ . z�� � � ¡�r ¡�rt{ � � z � r � � { � � � ��� a tz� � ¨-aK~W�.��)���-,���/���� 6 ,?e4'3,�'�� �a� + ,�� _] �����0'� ) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�1) [�] ' 3 '��Se4'kT���/� 6 ��¿· �&I ��e ` ��/�, +��,) _�]�` [ + �X,Ve('3,/e��Ac�e �/� 6 �� X</�/) [] ' '3� 6 X</�?c��h, + _ �93��2' ] 3 ] '�+/+ �0+ ] ����� & 6 '�) + '�� 6 � ` + ,� #/�) )��h,Ve�/ 6 + �R '-e ] u [ �,+@, � +�X '*)�/ [ +�,?e���/���0) 3�/��)B1) + ,Ve4'3, ,Ve��:'��5+ �.��1�.+ '����,) _ '�+1+ '�- ] � -4'�� ����/-X!+ , '�-�� ] ��, ` a

'��� +,%�ª*�$32n#���+���,%�ª,C�a$30)�M#C�&�BT 0�$� � c���� -/. ��s� ��� � �� 2�4�5�8�_[�5^_�8�ZWA�=/=;Q%_^A�=�< � 8;Z�AFLaN&A�B :l5 �87 LHNe5h6 :M@1>�5AC_k? Q%:&Nl@MLaNh5h6Zg8;_ ? QC:BA/LfA!NP@ML���5fL�dq ���

��

� ¸ · @MZ � @1Lx5@�5f> 6� ¸ ¨ @MZ � @1Lx8![)[ 6� @MZ NP4�5xZg8�_ ? Q%:�A/@MLx5���6�:M@L=^@&N m ( ¨ � Ç�� ¨�¨ *o9_8�8;Z m�� '����/ [ + _ �/%/-X#+ /-X � e���/� �0) ¨�a21�e4'kT�� -2����� _�[ - ] �,+�e�� 6Qd -���c�����������c!� �6,Ve

,?e���/� �Ac����4' ] /����:- ` R '-e ] u [ �,+@,1����¨/1 Ç%J a b /� ����93����-, _ /�/�X#+)e4'kT�� -2����� -4'�+�� 6 /��,?e��:-2� ' [ ,��UX [] � 6 � 'K/-X�¾ /� 6 �� +@,�'�1+?ÂW���+,��/ 6�[ 3�� 6 - ` s '������� d S�'��� �� d '�� 6 �VU�1+��h,�,( ;�� 2 6�¨/1 � -* a � e��¿X</ ]A] /=� ����c '�?c [ )����+,W�,+ ' 6 ' _ ,�� 6 X<�/�) ¾ & _ �/%/-X /-X!,?e�� B1+ ,R '-e ] u [ �,+@, -4'� ����� - ` /� 6 �� +@,�'�1+ d  - ` & act +��� ] �9+:'3� 6 �Ga��ia �!U�/+ ��, , di;�� 2 6�¨/1 -® a� e�/ [ c�e X [ � 6 '�)���-,�' ]U]U` 3�/�� �03h, d ��, �,+�+�/�)����e('3, 30'�+ [ ' ] '*-�/ [ ,)c���/�)��,� �,3 6 �h,�'�� ] + IX</��' )/� � 6 ��,�'3� ] � 6 ,���0'3, )���-,�+�����,Ve4'3, _ ' _ ��'/� ,Ve�� -2/�/�������� �!�#"�$&%'�)( - ` ,?e��+/'�)�� ' [ ,Ve�/�/+=a�"��, � ( �-* '�� 6 ��( �-* -2��,?e�� 34e4'�/'�3�,��� �,+ ,��,3 _ / ]�` ��/�)�2' ] + 3�/�� �0+ _ /�� 6 ����c�,�/ '+@,�'�- ] � ��� + ,�� _�] ����� '3�) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�1) [�] '7/-X�/� 6 ��Q/-X '�303 [ '*3 ` � a � e��>�3� ` � 6 �0'�.+,�/ ] /%/��8'3, ] ��T�� ]G] �����0+ /-X",Ve��+X [ �(3h,���/����.� e4'kT�� -2����� 6 � ' ] ���c�� ��,?e +����(3��W( ¨�a ~a�¨ -*¶d

* ( �-* £ � ( ��*��( ��* § ] /�c �� ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨K· *� e��.+­X [ �(3�,���/��)�,+ '3�4' ]U` ,��,3W,Ve��/ [ c-e�/ [ ,9,Ve�� 3�/�) _�] �¶² _�] '3��� ��²�3�� _ ,>��� '�d}����/�+9/-X��( �-*�d _ �/tT%� 6 � 6 /����7���-,� / 6[ 3��9+ ' -� '��534e 3 [ , c�/�����c�,�/S,?e�� _ /����-, � £ � aS( & ] ,��� ��4'O,��UT�� ]�`�d /���� 3 '3�Z��/���Y� ��,Ve,+.- � # � '�� 6 � ] �.)����4'3,�� ,?e�������� 6 X</� ' -�/'��(34e 3 [ ,ka *tz� _ '�@,��,3 [�] '3 d * ( ��* �.+ '��4' ]�` ,��,3 'O, � £ ¨�a (lt~X ��( ¨ * £ ��d � ( �-* '3� 6 �#( �-* e4'kT�� '

Page 42: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( � %

� � ����� � � �� � M� 6 �� +@,�'� 6 �B��� 6 - ` ( ¨�a Ç aU¨ ®-* X</�5,?e�� Ç ,Ve � /� 6 �� & 6 '�) + �{ '�+�eX</�@,Ve¿X</�1) [�] '�a � e���}����/�+!/�X � ( �-* (�'O, � £ �-* '��� ) '���3� 6 - `�� '�� 6,Ve��/}����/�+N/-X��#( �-* '��� ) '3���� 6 - `�� a � e�� J � X</ ],6 6 '��.+ ` '3, � £ ¨� � B�93�, +,Ve��X/� 6 ��/-X '�303 [ '�3 ` Ç /-XN,Ve��.+oX</�/) [�] 'a t~X�,Ve�����R������ '�-2/ [ � 6 � 6Qd+?e(' 6 � 6 ¾����c���� ,Ve4'O, 6 � 6 ��/�,S���-,���1+��93�,0,Ve�� [ ���6, 6 �.+�� ( 6 '�+�e�� 6B*�d ,?e��X</�1) [�] '>�./ [�].6 -�� [ �(+@,�'�- ] �-a

3�/�) )/��oX '�3�,�/� � §«¨:'�� 6 ,?e�� ] �����0'� ) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�1) [�] 'K�.+ ��/�,1��� + �,) _�] �9+ ,gX</�/)�a *{ ` � e���/� �0) ¨�a · d �6, +�-2�=e4'kT%��/�'��� '�1,?e��� ���.+* ( �-* £���( � §m¨ * ´ }�¸�� ( ( � §m¨ * ´ µ * ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨�~ *X</��}£� ´ } � ��( ¨ * Q£ � a �N/�� ] ��, � d ,?e�� s������� ¡�rt{ � X</�K,Ve�� ] ����� '� ) [�] ,��.+ ,�� _X</�1) [�] ' d -2�$,Ve�� +��h, 6 ��B��� 6 - `

� £ � � �� ��� � * ( �-*nym� � � ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨ ®-*tz�R/�,Ve���1�./� 6 + d ��,!�.+1,Ve��9���qT���1+��9�,) '-c���/�X ,?e��$��Uc�e-,�e4' ] X �~_�] '3��� [ � 6 �� * ag±\�Uc [ �¨�a Ç a ® +?e�/�� + ,Ve��9/� 6 �� + , '�DX</�1,Ve�� Ç ,Ve � /� 6 �� & 6 '*) + � { '�+�eX</�@,Ve«X</�/) [�] 'a� e�� _ /�����0/-X9/� 6 �� +@,�'�1+ 3�/�)�0+jX<�/�) ,Ve����� '�-�� ] ��, ` ,�/ 3�/ [_�] � ] /�30' ] '�� 6c ] /�-4' ]�_ �/ _ �� ,����0+7/-X�'�X [ �(3h,���/�� - ` � ' ` /-X�c���/�)��,� �,3 '3?c [ )���-,/+=a � e���c ] /�-4' ]

Page 43: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( . &_ / _ �� , ` ,?e4'3, 3�/��53��� �(+ [ +K�,+ +@,�'�-�� ] �6, `�� ,Ve���}����/�+>/-X � ( �-* ) [ + , ] ���7���Y,Ve�� [ ���6,6 �.+���a � e�� ] / 3 ' ] _ �/ _ ��@, ` ,?e4'3, 3�/��(3�����5+ [ +��.+N/� 6 ��N/-X�'�393 [ /'�3 `�� X<�/�) ( ¨�a Ç aU¨�~ *�6,­X</ ]A] /=� +N,Ve4'3,9��� '� � £ ¨ d � ) [ +@, ] /�/�� ] �����8' 6 '3�,+ ` � ��,Ve � ¸ ¨ ��T���� ]�` + _ '�3�� 6_ ��, ' ] + � /�½¾����c���1+? d '�+�,Ve�� ` '� � + /�)��,��.)��9+ 3 ' ]U] � 6 a�tz�j±\�Ac [ ��­¨�a Ç a ® ,?e��'� [ ) -���/-X�B��c���/+'�,+ J a�����(3��9,Ve�� ] �����0'��) [�] ,��,+@,�� _ X</�1) [�] 'W�,+ + , '�- ] � d ' ]A] ,?e��d}��� /�+'/-X � ( �-* ) [ + , ] ������ � (y/� _ /�+1+��,- ]U` /�� ��, + -�/ [ � 6 '� ` ��� ,?e�� 3 '*+��8/-X�'R}����/ � ��,?e � � � £�¨ * a � e��.+X</ ]U] /�� +�X< /�)]( ¨�a Ç a�¨K· * '3� 6 ( ¨�a Ç a�¨ ®+* +����53��Q,?e���}����/�+De4'kT���,�/ + 'O,��,+ X ` � � � q ¨ d e����53��� � ] /�c � ql� a � & , ,Ve��.+ _ /����-, +�/�)��$ � '�+ /������c - ` ,?e�� '�?c [ )����-, _ ����(3�� _�] �N/-X 3�/�) �_�] ��² '3�4' ]U` + �,+$�,+$����� 6 � 6Qd ��e��,34eY� � ]U] -2�F ]A] � 6 ��� ] 'O,����a�� � e�� 3�/��(3 ]U[ +���/��Y�,+�,?e��,+ �'�� ` -2/ [ � 6 � 6 B�c���K/-X � (y�'a ��a d ��/3,>�¶²�,���� 6 ����cR,�/ L * ) [ + ,�3�/��-, '����)/����/-X1,?e��}����/�+1/-X � ( �-* a ��/��(+ �au [ ���(3�� ����� � (!$&%���� $���� ���'�!����� ����� � � ��� ��� �!��� % ( $ � � $ �!�)(.�! !$$�� � ��� $��" (!#�$� /3B���,+&%�,'%�� '�)("*()����-,�+-,���,.*(+���/�� '�+/+&*()�>,'%4'O,�,'%��/,������ '� )0*1,6,��,+@,��3254</� �)0*6,2'>�.+!��²�21,��.3��6, I + �,)�7,,'��'�)(8*5)����+,/+ '"2121,:9S���S,'%��$�.);21,��,3���,�3 '�+ ��( ��²���/3��,+ �/¨"$ Ç $ ��* $M<*�=(�/�'",5�,+1,)%����8,�/>2� /�?�� ��q � $ � / 6 /7,'%��.+ �.� +)%4'@,7,%3�/8*��-,�}��� /�+'/"4 � � * ( �-* /��,)%��.*�����, 3���13,�� � � � £ ¨8$�� �h, P -2�N,)%��,+.��*5) -����/"4 }��� /�++�3�/8*��-,�� 6 � ��,)% )0*1,6,��A21,��.3 ��6,B9 I /�-�?���/8*(+&,A9RP )0*(+@,�-2�9�3?����C$[SN/�� -��7( 3 '3��P -�� � �N/�,���B/+@,',)%4'3,

· � � * ( ��* £ � ( �-*�#( �-* ¸ � ( �-*��( ��* £ � ( �-* ��( �-* ¸ � ( �-* ��( �-*��( �-* �#( �-*/��Y,'%��;*�����, 3���/3,�� � � � £}¨"+ + ���(3�� � �1,�/8( � £ � ,'%�����@$ �����(3�� ,'%��>,������0'� )0*1,6,��.+ ,��324</�1)0*1,,' �.+ ��²�21,��.3��6,�+ ��( �-* %4'*+ 6 �3(����� q � §m¨"+�+�/,'%��K�D*()�� 'O,�/�'�,+ ';22/8,:9���/�)��,'",/"4 6 �3(����� q · � §�¨8+��E%��.3!%��,)>21,����0+ ,'%4'O,NPF+4-������1( ��?����-+ +/'3,��.+�B�9+

P q · � §¿· � ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨ Ç�*�'/=�G+D%�/�� ) '3�D9/}����/�+ '� �!�,)>21,���� 6 -D9>/� 6 ��#/"4 '�393*�/'�339 � ��±\��/+ ,+�,'%�����!�.+ '�}����//"4()0*1,�,��721,��,3���,B9 � ¸ ¨ '3, � £ ¨8$�tz� ' 6(6 �6,���/��C+�,'%�����1�.+ '�}����/Q�E%������?����,)%�� -2/8*�� 6 '�&9/"4 � 3� /�+/+ �0+W,'%��H*����6, 3���/33,�� � ���W±\�7("*����¨8$ Ç $ ® +I4</8*� +)*(3!% }����/�+ '",�,�/8(��h,'%���$ � /3�/8*��-,�,)%��0+ �"+��.�R��/�,��0,)%4'3,�( � ¸ ¨ * ��· B�1(���/+/"4 � -2�(���� '3, � £ ¨8/8*�,/+�� 6 �R,)%��*�����, 3���/3,��"$rM�����/"4\,)%��0+ � ) 'J9 -��K*�� -�/8*�� 6 � 6 '�� 6 (�/�,�/���!B����,B9"+�-1*�,','%���/�,'%���( � §j¨ * ��·:)0*5+ ,����-,���/+ �03h,#,'%��=*�����, 6 �.+�� '�� 6 3� /�+/+�,)%��=*����6, 3���/3,��1/��W,)%��1� '�9"$ � ��//"4\,'%�/�+ � ) '�9 3��/�+1+N,)%��/*�����,�3���13,��=L&*(+@,�/��53��0(</������ '�3!%����X,)%��/*1262��� '�� 6 ,�/�����%4'@,A4 � 26,2'����9+ * + -6*�,�'",7,�,)%��� �0) '��������1()( � § Ç�* ��·3B�1(���/+ '3�� ,� '@212�� 6 ���(+�� 6 �7,'%�/�+��B�6(���1+�'3� 6 )/*(+ , 3� /�+/+!,)%��G*�����, 3���13,���,z� �.3��@$ & ,7, ,�/8, 6 +��.��3�/8*��-,

P � � ¸ ¨ ¸ · ¸ ·�( � § Ç�* ��·o£¦· � §«· � ( ¨ ��Ç�� ¨ J�*��/�) -��������1(R( ¨"$ Ç $�¨ Ç�* '3� 6 ( ¨8$ Ç $�¨ J-* (��:?��0+ �dq � +4'�+ �auD*��� � 6 $���.)��A,2'� '�)("*()����-, + '"2121,:9S�:4b,)%��G,������ '� )0*1,�,��,+@,��2M4</�1)0*1,,'>�,+ �,)>21,��,3��6,�$

Page 44: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( . #� %��N��0+@,� �,3�,���/��5+ /@4 � %���/���9) ¨"$1 '��� ,��A(8%-,kÆ tz�������03h,�+%,'%���98+)%�/��G+6%('",A4�/"45,)%��'�?*'��7,,'�-1,��.24'�/'�)��,���/+ ��� '�,������ '3 )0*1,6,��,+@,��32H4</�/)0*6,2' '� ��� '�+@,�� 6 $� %���/���9) +�¨8$ ~6+�¨8$ + '�� 6 ¨8$21$�,)>21,A9K,'%4'O,#,'%�� & 6 '�) + � { '*+)%64</�@,'% '�� 6 ��9 +@,� #/�)4</�1)0*1,,'�+ '� � '",7,2/82�,��,) '",2���S,'%�� +����5+��$,'%4'O,1,'%���9 '3, ,�'�����,'%�� -2/8*�� 6 � £ � 4</� + , ' �-1,�� ��²�21,��.3��6, 4</�/)0*1,,'�++ '3� 6 ,)%�� & 6 '�) + � � /8*1,6,�/�� '�� 6 (������� '",��M}�� 6 � �7,���� � ���,)>2(+�/��4</�1)0*1,,'�+W/"4N/ 656 +@,��32 �D*() -2�� � '3�� '",.+�/ /82�,��,) '", + � ��,'% � £ � ¸ ¨8$����.);2(+ /�� � +&*1,��@+ � ��,)% � £ � ¸ ·�+ �,+�'��Z�¶²5'�);26,��/"4 '�� /82�,��.) '@,#�,)>21,��.3���, 4</�/)/*1,2'S� ��,)%Z��?����+@,��2���*5) -���$9tF, 3 '�� -���+)%�/�� ��,)%4'3, 4</� '���9�/"2�,��.) '",��,)>21,��.3���, 4</�/)/*1,2'$� ��,)%���?����+@,��2���*5) -��� � ++,'%��'�/%/�,/+./"4 � ( �-* '",7, ,����!/��,'%�� *����6, 3���13,�� � � � £ ¨>(<S'���� �,3�� +�¨/1 J ·�+2C$v·C~6· * $ � %D*(+ ,'%�� +@,�'�-��7,��6,B9�/@4 ,)%��0+ �G4</�/)0*1,,'�+!�,+ '@,�� 'J9 + /"4 ' -�/� 6 ��&,������$�+��� 6 $

��������������

������!����� N1()�+*-,.($#�0/i��R�2S��#����-4KR5(�4KRU���s67��#98;:=<5(=/l� r � s � { � �E{n{ � u � s��e�zs � xe~ �-©��/�&A � ��t�v� vxCB&uwtAuw~?{<x��E�{<xes�~ � s�tA�]���e�/� � tAs��P$���©�zu �/� ��� D ��tAu��K{���©�eu E F (�G�� � } � F '�G�� � D�

������!� M>� �it<sEy/u EF (�G � ~�����s�~��Lx��K{Auw~?{ � ���K{Au%@��zxe~u���t1�]��z{<x��L{<u%@ � s/t<�[����]x�� �L{A��©��zu �F '�G � ~�����s�~��Lx��K{Auw~?{`�zxe~u���t`�]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s/t<�[���� � xz{ �VU �KJ � � W#�KJ � x��`�~��K{���©�eu �

������!��X�� w s/~��<xev8u�t3{ � u � ���L{<u@Vu%I�@�zx���xz{`�zxe~u���t`�]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s/t<�[��e�[s � s�@8{Axz�-���>s�t�v8uwt1s � �������t����w� s �{ � u � s/t<� � ����� � � � ����� ���-�

� ��� �   � � � �F (�G s/t � � x�� � � xe�`xz{n�L{A��©��zu�qF '�G � uwtAxzy/u { � u|��s�u%?-�wxzu�~?{A� � s�t1{ � u|�w�/�Lu � � } �F �LG a�x�A�u � xe�<u � s�t � � D�

������!������ ()�����(����-#3����R]8�(�47R5�$��� $ � u 4�a�� � ��� ��� � (�����i(����-#�����R�8�($�-4 {<sr�es ��J!�E{iJ � � x�� v8u6�~u�v���1{ � u��~x`�?�u�t��E{<xes�~���� � �~���{<xes�~ U �KJ �� W#�KJ � s � {K�!@ ur��� ��� � ��x � u �e��� xz{ � ~����uwt��E{As�t`s � v8u'��tAuwu������~�v�v8u�~s���xe~��E{As�t`s � v8u'��tAuwu�� � � { � ��{n�<��{<x��/�u��

U �KJ �W#�KJ � � �es �QJ � L��<�KJ ¡ � �! �#" ��� � ���1J . � ¥ � � ¥ � ¥ ��v��

�3�]$ � uws/t<u�� ��� } � {��=A�xe~ �$� � � � � ��xey�u���{ � u1�-�$I8xe�����z�e�]�/�w����tA��{<u3xz� @�exe�wx { � ���K{Au%@ � s�tA�]���� ��� x { �s�t�v8uwt s � �/�w����tA�/���ª�E{ �eu��/�K{ N � } � � ��~�vª{A��A?xe~ �%� � � � � � � ¡ � ��xey�u��`{ � u[�-�$I8xe�-���e�z�ª�������t��E{Auu3I�@�exe�wx { � ���K{Au%@ � s�tA�]���� �8� xz{ � s/tAv8u�t1s � ���w�w�t������r��{`�zu����L{ N � } � ¡ �/�m x { � s��{k@ uwt � s�tA� xe~ �|��~?� �w���e�w��e��{<xes�~�� � ©��8{+�=@�@�u����exz~ �]s�~�e�|{As�{ � u �~x`�?�uw~u��<� s � �#��v'&u1��@>@tAs�I��xz�-��~/{��R��~�vª{As!{ � uws/t<u��-� �L{A��{<u�v xz~ { � x�� {<u%I?{ � v8u�{AuwtA��xz~u � � uw{ � u�t�u���� � s � { � u � s/�z�es � xz~ �d�#��v'&u�<� � uw��u��`x��n�L{A��©�eu|s�t ��~��K{���©�eu � ��~�v � � �E{nxz{nx��n�w���z�eu�vªx � � u � � y�u!��xey�u�~���~�����u � s/t xz{ � ��~Tu��/� ��w�/�Lu � �K{��E{<uRu%I8�/��{A�z� � � �E{`{ � uws�tAuw�-�1�/s�� � � y�uR���<u�v �F (�G(� � �/� u3I�@�exe�wx { � F '�G�� � ��� xe� @�zx���xz{ �F �LG�� � } � u3I�@�exe�wx { � F �=G�� � } � xe� @�zx���xz{ �F �&G�� � D�� u3I�@�exe�wx { � F 6 G$� � D� xe� @�zx���xz{ �F*) G � � ��s�� � � y/uR�/�w�wu��A�i{Asr���L���]© s��ex���������������E{As�t`�<��� � ��� ���/�w�<�?�-� � � �=@�eu � s/t ���E{ � uw�-��{<x��w� �

���<uRx {`{As�������������E{Aun{ � u|��s�u%?-�wxzu�~?{A�1s � { � u��exe~u���t3�[��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s�tA�]������ F (�G,+ F 6 G � ��~�vV�ws�~�t<�{ � �E{`{ � u�~�����u��1�/s�� � � y�u�x�v8uw~?{<x �u�v���©�sEy/u���tAu��ws�tAt<u���{ �

Page 45: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����8� r��8��&�¨���¨��� $ ����� ���"%!�&� ��'�'��)( �/+ ������!���!����R��P�3(=#����$8�'$R��c(�47R5�$��/Q��6\<�R]�P�%($#18�:=<747R�/4^� � 67��#98;:=<5(=/l� ��~ � I��� @�eu ��� D�e� � u|� � s � u�vr{ � �E{{ � uR{AtA��@�uxws/xev � s�tA�]���� � ���1u�t<tAs�t1��s/~��K{���~?{ ¡ ��K� ��~�v!{ � u���x�v�@�s/xz~?{ � s/t<�[��e� � �/�3uwtAt<s/t1�ws�~��L{A��~?{�£ �F (�G � uwy�xe�<u!�T�exe~u���t]��s/�]©xe~��E{Axzs/~ s � { � u��<u-{ � s � s/t<�[������R{ � �E{ � ����s/tAvuwt|s � �/�w�w�tA�/��� � x � � uwt

{ � ��~�} � m � ��{ xe�1{ � u�s�t�v8u�t3s � �/�w����tA�/���>qF '�G r � s � { � ��{`{ � u � s/t<�[����[s � F (�G x��`�K{���©�eu �F �LG ��~+��uw~�uwt���� � xe�#����s/~?y/u3I|�exz~�u���t#�ws��]©�xz~���{<xes�~[s � { � sR�K{���©�eu1�zxe~u���t��]��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s�tA�]���������� � � �8�

�L{A��©��zu�q �f�F��s�~�y/u3I��zxe~u���t#��s/�]©xe~��E{Axzs/~ � �/��{ � u � s�tA� � 67��#98;:�<T( � � � � ¡ � �0 67��#98;:�<T( � � x { �� � � � �/� � � tAsEy�u x { s/t3��xey�uR�-��s���~/{AuwtAu3I��� @�eu � � �� ��� �����!���0��� #%���&#Q/4"(=#9/l� m tAx {Au]� @tAs �/tA���b{<s ��u�~uwt��E{Au�s�t�v8uwt �L{A��tQ@�es�{�� �ex]A/u�{ � ��{ns � �x ���tAu �����8� ���$ � x�� �-� �[© untAu��/�Ls/~���©��z�|u����<�]xe~!� � x � � uwt<� �euwy/uw�����~ �/��� �/u1�zx�A�u � �E{<����© � �i�zs�{is�t�v8u�ti�K{���t�� � s�ti{ � u� s��e�zs � xe~ ���exz~u���t1�]��� {Axe�L{<u@ � s�tA�]������ � ����s�~ ��s�{ � u�tA� EF (�G � { � ��s�t�v8uwt`�nv����-�K���1��� �8� s�t<{ � HF '�G � { � ��s�t�v8uwt`�nv����-�K���Ts/�� {As�~�HF �LG � { � ��s�t�v8uwt1©��/�&A � ��t�v�3v8x]B u�t<u�~/{Axe��{<xes�~�HF �=G { � u��~��L{A��©��zu � s/t<�[��e��� �/� D�� } �����

������!�� $ � u @tAs?s � s � $ � uws/t<u�� �/� ' xz~ { � uV{<u%I�{��wsEy�uwtAu�v s/~�e� { � uª�w�/�LuVs � ��~ u3I�@�ex���xz{ �exz~�u���t�]��z{<x��L{<u%@ � s/t<�[��e� � r � s � � � �E{ ��s8v8x �w�E{Axzs/~��`��tAu�~u��wu��A�<��t<� � s/t1{ � u�xe� @�zx���xz{ �����<u �

Page 46: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� W� $`% ��� �%"����������� � ��������� � ��� � $`% � �� � � $� � � � �"% � � ��'�'��)( ��

��� � ����������������������� ���� �"!#� $ ��!=�&%('=�&)S���%*' �+�D� �&�,�#��� �"!#���-�"��.

/ @�{AsR{ � x��.@ s�xe~?{ � u � � y/u3{A����A�u�v���© s��8{i�/�w����tA�/��� � �ws�~��<x��K{Auw~��w� � ��~�v��K{���©xe�ex {K� � ©�8{ � u � � y/u��uw{#{<s�u��L{A��©�exe� � { � �E{3� �exe~u���t �]��z{<x��L{<u%@ � s/t<�[��e� � xz{ � { � u��<u ��v8��xetA��©�eu @�t<s0@�u�tL{Axzu�� � xz�e���/��{<�����e�z�� s/tLA � � � {Auwt�s/~u[��s/t<u v8u��~�x {Axzs/~ � u � � ���z��© u ��©�zu[{<sªtAuw��u�v�V{ � �E{ � $�s��<u�{R{ � u �L{A� ��u � �eu�{R���t<uw{<�tA~T{As!{ � u � s�s�{<~s�{<u s�~ @ �&����� � � �V�zxe~u���t �[��z{<x��K{Au%@ � s/t<�[���� � �/�n�es8�w�����������t����w�VL�� � M ��� ���� s � ����~�x { � ��xz�&{As � � y�u����es�©������������t����w�^L�� �M � q $ � u���~�� � u�t � ���1~s�{ � xe~ � {<s-v8s � xz{ � { � u � ����{{ � ��{   ��� �T© u ~s�~�exe~u���t � � s�t � u � � y/u[�/�<�<���u�v�{ � ��{   x��Ba�x�@��A� � x {9x �ws�~?{<xe~��s���� � ��~�vT{ � �E{Rxe�uw~s/� � � {<s A/uwu@[{ � u © u � � y�xes�t�s � �<�����z��@�u�tL{A�t<©��E{<xes�~��#u��A�Lu�~?{<x����e�z�|�exe~u���t � �<s��es�~ ������{ � uw� tAuw�-��xe~�L�-���z� �

$ � u10�� � xz~V{ � uOL�� �M � ��t:�����uw~?{1xe�`�/� � s��e�zs � � � � y/uw~r{ � s�� � � �[v8x��A��tAu�{<x�x���{<xes�~�uwtAt<s/t+�-� �©�u-�<�-���e� � � uw~�x {�x����t��K{�xe~/{At<s8v8����u�v ��2436587:9<;>=89@?>5 ]<A 915 A�] 9B7C=8DFE 3658G � s � {Auw~ u3I�@ s�~u�~/{Axe���z�e� �$ � u �/�zs/©����iuwtAt<s/t]�E{[�L{<u@ « ��s/~��<xe�L{A�]s � { � u��L��@�u�tL@ s/�<x {Axzs/~ ~s�{[�Lxe� @�e��s � { � uV�zs8�����iu�t<tAs�t����E{���e��@tAuwy�xes����`�L{<u@�� � ©�8{ns � � � ��{`{ � u��Lu��es8�w���>uwtAt<s/tA� ;�=IHKJML4J4N4587CJ �E{n�L{<u@ª« � w s�~��<x��K{Auw~��w�!x��1{ � u��s/~�v8xz{<xes�~�{ � �E{i{ � un�es8�w����uwtAtAs�t��#��tAu �L�-���e�&�E{ { � u {Axz��u { � �E{i{ � u�����t<unxz~?{<tAs8v8���wu�v � @t<sEy�x�v8u�v { � �E{{ � u � �~���{Axzs/~�© uwxe~ �!v8u����z{ � x { � x��n�<� s�s�{ � � $ � u]�/vv8xz{<xes�~����"��s/~�v8xz{<xes�~Ts � �L{A��©xe�zxz{K�Vx�� ~�uwu�vu�v�{<s�-�=A�u��<�tAu { � �E{`{ � uw�Vv8s-~s�{`© u��ws���u�©x � ��u�t`���3{ � u|�w���������e��{<xes�~ @t<s8�wuwu�v�� �

$ � u @�t9@�s?�Lu+s � { � x����<u���{<xes�~|x���{<s�v8u��A��tAxz© u+{ � u3xevu�����tAuw���E{<u�vR{<s { � u � � � �`�?�x��K{ � �?�xeyE���euw~��wu$ � uws/t<u��¦{ � ��{ � � y�u�©�u�uw~ª©�xe�z{3{As-v8u��A��tAxz© u�{ � u��Lu�@ � uw~s/� u�~�� � $ � uRtAx �/s�tAs����3�L{A�E{Auw��uw~?{`s � { � u��t:�����u�~/{n��©�sEy/u]�=@�@�u���t��`xz~�{ � u�@t<s�s � s � $ � uws/t<u�� �/�z���� © uw�es ��� � �   xe�n�zxe~u���t � { � u[��t:����� u�~?{©�u���s/� u��`�Lxe� @�euwtlH��Lu�u � I8uwt���x��Lu ��� W� D�

$�s|©�u'��xe~ � u �]���L{3vu��~un{ � u ~s�{Axzs/~-s �PO+Q 587-3 �K1-365 O 3 � $ � u �L{A��~�v��t�v�v8u��~�x {Axzs/~rt<u��?�xztAu��{ � u]�zxe~u���t`�]��z{<x��L{<u%@ � s/t<�[����]{Asr© u|�=@>@�ex��w��©��zu�~s�{�JK���L{ {<s!�t@���tL{Axe�w�����t`xe~x {Axe��� ��yE���e�u @tAs�©��zu�� �©�8{[{<s ��~ ��tA©xz{<t���tA��xe~x {Axe��� ��yE���e�u;@�t<s/©�zu�� � xz{ � a�x�@��<� � x {9xV��s/~?{<xe~?��s����[v�E{��   � ��{[�[���L{ �����<s� s/tLA � s/t ��~��!�L{A��tL{Axz~ ��yE���e�u�� �

� �L¥L¥<¥�� � ����� { � �E{n�A�E{Axe� � �-{ � u|��s�~��Lx��K{Auw~��w�!��s/~�v8xz{<xes�~ �R � � ¡ o � R ��S � ��� ��� � . � � � ��«�� � ¡ � ¥ � � ¥ W ¥ � �

� �?�xeyE���euw~?{ �K{��E{<u���uw~?{A�1s � { � u|�<����uR�ws�~�vx {Axzs/~ � s����vV©�u�zxe� R � � ¡ o � R � � � �zxe� � � � o � � s�t � � � o � ��S � � �

��� � . � � s/t � �ª«�� � ¡ � �f�Lu�u � I8uwt���x��LuUT � D ��© �L���

V <]R��P�3(=# 8;:�<747R�/4^� �V67��#98;:=<5(iRT/ O Q 58743 �K143658" R]6XW)67��# ($<�<�R��>R747RT(=<T ZY3($<":!� �-#3��'$<U�&8 / F ������� M�Gk/&(�47R�/L6�ac R�� ) 4K[-�Q��������R747R5�$��/ ��6.Y\[P�%�$#���8 ����� �$� (=��R��-4^��#[Y3($< � � �]\ W0($�S� ($<�<>/%4^($#l4KR�� ) Y�(=<7:)��/ �

� �<¥L¥L¥:� � ���-�/&(�47R�/L6�a>R]� ) F �����0����G[W�4K[P�i/���<":>4KRU��� � � /&(�47R�/6^P��/

R � � p � ¡ o�� p � R ��S � ��� (=/ � . � � � ¥ W ¥ } �

:��>R]67�$#L8 <Ca 67�$#Q($<�< p���� � �]\ �

h ����� <�� * 8 <:� *62 � ��� 0%*'5 &`_bac_ " * � � 0ed � & $ � � � 5 ? � 8 0 <�� $ -=- 0%*65 & � *'0 $gf 0 8 � � � "�8=&H� 0�� 8 *10 $ - � �%$'<�� $ 5 �� nI, 8 � $ - � 0I� DPh *65 $ � <@$ - $ 5 � m/� � �%� 0%*'5 & <�$ 0 C� 5 �:� - $'<���"+C > � ���3$'C � *1-=,�� � � $ -=, � D

Page 47: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� W� $`% ��� �%"����������� � ��������� � ��� � $`% � �� � � $� � � � �"% � � ��'�'��)( � �

�zf / ~x � s�tA���z� g ��u���~��3{ � ��{ R � � p � ¡ o�� p � R x��1© s��~�vu�v�©��V� >I8u�v � �~���{<xes�~���� � � � S ��� � �/� � . �8�xz~�v8u%@ uw~�vuw~?{ s � p�� ��� @��� ��� ������ ���������� �� �"!$# �&% #��' )(�����# �$�+* ��(, �� � &#@.- $��* ��( � � �� ��#/ �0 � � �1% � �$��� �� �#�# � 2% #3 ) &0�# � � % 0' � � � �4# � ���5 �0�#/(�� * �, �6 .87 � - $� # �$� 0 p ��� �29: ��� � # � ���' &# � ! � (� 7�; \ � ���&� � * ��� % �0�# � # �<� #=� >�& ��� � ��� % # ���&���� �

r �* # � # */�<� A �? �� &0�� �=� #�@����� &� � �<� #+��� ���� # � � A� ��� �CB � � W �ED$F � �=�G� � &# * #��' �$9: �H = &0�#(�� * �, I6 .J7 - $� # �$� 01KAL J�M ! � (���# -ON �QP ��� � #SR B N F � �4� #�@���# �T ��(�U � ��� � ���3� #3 �# %�� � �V� &0�� �4* # � � � &0 � =6G� � � *>W (�� � �, �(�U � # � � � � &# � ! � (���# � N �YX ���Z &0�� � (�� * �, W��&H� # ��� �I[ �\#]!$# �^� �� S� �IW_���� � 9 (�#) ( "'� #]�T �0�� �I� # � � � � �� � 9 U � #Z�'��� � ��� %` ��(�UaNcb$d . N ��� 6 .J7 �

P # �3 � �V� e9 # �3 �"!�# ��% #��' � (�����# �<�2* ��(, �� � &# W - ��&* ��( �f* � � 2� ��&g - $� =<hih �4#�(�(,j W:'� # ������, �� � (,jk! � (���# W���$9 (�# */�]� � �Jc� � ��# � � 0�� �l*/� U � #�# *m� �2����� � �� ��� (�(�U � � � � � #��'��� � # * #]�� �H9 �H �, �� � � �Gn - $��* ��( � �0 � 1� $��g # � - ��1 ��(�U �2� # � � � � &# �o� ( �$���= -p������ &� � (�jk! � (���# W��&�9 (�# */� �q- $�#3r �<*>W (�# � &0 '� #=�l�� &0 � �Hs � ��#��' &(�U �&*>' &0 �3 #3s � ��#]�� � �t� ��( �T9 # � - �u�<% ��(�# �9 Jc# � ��� #�� � �� &��!$#v W # � �� ��9�� �� � � �

� 0�� ���O� R b � #3-w# ��� &0�#)#�r �$� �& (��H �� � - �0�#1(�����# �<�l* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( ��x��& ��� � ��� % # ����$�u��<� #�� �$�]�3 ���� �# � - $� ���y �0�# � #3@:���, �� � - �� �"!$# �&% #�� � # � � 0�� � � �)�G� # �$�& � �$9 (�# � � *>W (��,@ �]� �� �9 # ��� � � # � � ���3� #3 &��z � &� �{# ���&����4� � � # ���&���� ���{ �0�# � �<� &��� % ! � (���# � =83 J ��� � (�� � # �V� !"� �2B � � |�� � F �H� � � &0�# � �$9 ��(��� cU W 0�#�� �* #]� � &0 � %$ !�# � �. &0�# � #Z! �$� � � �>�& � �u� # �> -v# ���&��>�$� #2��# �<� (�U� &0�# ���<* # �n (� &# � � � &��!$#](�U � &0�#= �0�# �� U �]� � 9 # 9��&'�$� #]��# � ��� � (�� � # �� ��� � ��� % # �&��$�u� #3r W (�� � �, �(�U �

A��� � (�(�U � � &#l �0 � �� � � �� &� � B � � |�� � F � � �'���� &#l�4# �<g}��� #������ � ��� %v ��(�U S B � F �$�]� � �u�$� U - � �<� �j��� % ! � (���# ���"$� L B 6 F ��-O �0�#=# ���&���� 0 �<W�W #��T - (�( � � �T���' &# %���� ( W_ �\# �\ -A6 � � 0�� � � � ��� �3 �' �u�$� �0�#dL B 6�~ F ����� � ����� U � #Z�'��� � # �y� � � 9�� #��'��#��' ) &� * # � &# W:�)9 U� &0�# � #3@:���, �� � - �3 � � � � &#�� � U �� 0�# � # �$�& �2- $� &0�� �=� � �&��� # W�� � � U2� �=� � *>W (�#`#�� � % 0O� � �$� ���� % # ����$�u�?�<� #+���' ��H� � � # �Z ��(�U � � &� * # � &# W���� �l0���(�# � � 9�� #Z�'��#]�� `# ���&����+�<� #T���� �&H� � � # � Q B 6_�O� F �� * # � � � 0�# � #3- �� # ��# ��� � % #3 � � � Uy�l�, �0 ��# ���� # � ( �\# ���$�]� � �u�$� U ��� � �$� ���� % ! � (���# � &0 � ������ &0�#{ &� * #{���' &# %���� &� � � $�W��<� &� � ( � �,�}# � #��' �� � (�#]�'� � &� � � �\# � 0 � (�(�@�� � �0 � � � � ( $%� � � (�U �H ��# ��� �Z� � � � (�(�U % #� � � � U{�l�, �0 ��# ���� # � ( �4# �l�$�]� � �u�$� U/��� � � ���3� #3 &��z���� %>9_ ��� ���<� U �3 � � �� &� � � �

�5# �3$* #/� �� Z�2� # */�<��g��<9 (�# � # � ��(� ) &0 � * � % 0� 9 # ��� (�(�# � &0�#/-w��� ���$* #��' � (� &0�# $� # * -�(�����# �<�I* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( ��� �p� � g # * � � 0 -A &0�# */� &# � � � (����2 �0�� �S� � � �0�#+( �$� � # � �� � � �� I@ �u� �<W�W # �$� # � ��� �>� ( �$��� � �?W:�<W # �l9 UG�v# �&* ��� � � � 0�(��'��� � I���o�]�'� |��E�

�C�4�4���v�}�k�_�G� �v�}�����4�:��S�V�e�}�\�\���C�A��+�� Q:  �"¡£¢:¤¥¢"¦�¤ V�§�¨�©_ª�«�¬S­T®<§°¯±¨³²�¯´ª �oµ¥¶ ¬&­{®<§i«`¨�²1· ¶ © Y ªu¬ ) ªu©}¯�¨ µ «�©V¸ ¶ ©�§º¹Z¨ µ ¨¥¯Q¨³²)· ¶ ©�²&¨³²�¯´ªu©}¯«<©V¸a²�¯k«�»�§wª�¼

½4#3- �� # W��� !'��� % &0�� � �0�# �� # *G� (�#� =� �=W�� � � #`- $�1�G*>$* #��' = Z�� � � � � # � �l0 � 1�� �&� U � ��¾ � #]# */�l�9 !"� � � �0 � � (�����# �$�I* ��(, �� � &# W - $��* ��( � &0 � �$�H* �� � ��� � �<9 (�# �& (��H &� � � � � ����(�� g #�(�Ua 9 #+� � #�-w��( ��9 �H ?�� I� � � ��>$9 !"� � � �0 � I��� � �<9 ��(��, cU{� � &0�# 5 A h D &0���� % &0 � �]� � %$ � �� � % �Q¿ $�#3r �<*>W (�# �'� (�# �$� (�U1 �0�#?#�r' ���$W: ( � &� �`- $��* ��( �/B � � � � � F -OÀQr �$*>W (�#+� � � � � * � � 9 #?� � #�(�# �����'� ��� � #I�, � % � $� # �?ÁY b:à �'9 �H l�l0'U � 0 ��( � &0 � p0 � !$# � �"U' &0���� % >�H �l�� &0G��� � �<9 ��(��, cU�ÄGÅQ#� � 0�# $� # * � � � 7�$��� # � � &0 � � �"Ua� � #�(�# ���l�3 � � � � &#]�� l- ��&* ��( ��* � � 9 #)��� � �<9 (�#$Æ n � � ��� � #�# �V� �4#)0 � !$#=!�# � �,@�# � &0�� �lW�� # � � � &� �{- $�1B � � � � � F ���ZÀ�r �$*`W (�#>� � � �EDH�Ç�ÈSÉ�ÊpË]Ì'Í,Î�Ï'кÑkÒ�ÓVÔkÕAÖ^×<ØYÙ�ÚcÛ]Ùu×'Ü�Ù4Ë�×"Ý=ÑkÒ�Ë]Þ�кÍ,ÐEÒ¥ß=к×)ÒcÌ'ÙQ×<Ï'à)Ù�ÚcкÜ�Ë�Í�к×�ÒcÙuÛ]Ú�Ë3ÒcкÖ^×+Ö]á�Ö]Ú�Ý$Ð,×'Ë�Ú´ß=Ý�ÐEâ�Ù�ÚcÙu×�ÒcÐ,Ë]Í"ÙuÎ<Ï'Ë�ãÒcкÖ^×�ÑuÓ ä �/å�æwç_è�'é�å�ê�ëHè�ì íkîuïYð]ñ^ò ÓQó^ó�ô ð ó$É�õ�Ì�Ù�ÚcÙ>Ë3ÚcÙ>кà)öHÖ]Ú´Ò�Ë]×�Ò)ÙuË�ÚcͺкÙ�Ú1ÚcÙ�á³Ù�ÚcÙ�×'ÜuÙuÑ)Ðº× ÒcÌ'кÑ)Ë�ÚcÙuË$Ó�ÒcÖ�Ö$Ó×�Ö]Ò�Ë]Þ�ÍEß Ë]× Ð,×$÷"Ï�Ùu×�ÒcÐ�Ë�ÍQË�Ú´ÒcкÜuͺÙ>Þ�ßZøCкÜ&Ì'Ë�Ú�ÝZØYÖ^×5ù`кѴÙuÑ)Ðº× îuï ó]ú$Ó�ûQÌ�Ö{ö$ÚcÖ�Ø^Ù�ÝZÜuÖ^×<ØYÙ�ÚcÛ]Ùu×'Ü�Ù`Ö]ápü4Ý�Ë]à)Ñà)Ù�ÒcÌ�Ö<Ý�ÑuÉOõ�Ì�Ù\Ü�Í�Ë�ѴѴкÜ4ÚcÙ�á³Ù&ÚcÙu×'ÜuÙ\к×)ÞHÖ�Ö^ý=á³Ö�ÚcàþÖ]×)ÒcÌ'кÑAà1Ë3ÒcÙ�ÚcÐ,Ë]ÍHкÑ�ÿ}É��\Ùu×�ÚcкÜuÐiÓ ������é����3æ�S��å����å �����Q���3æwç��� ë����ºêZ���&ë��ºêHå����a������������êHæ���å��:� ��!Yå<æ�� � ê ��"$# кͺÙ�ß�Ó î�ï^ñ&% É�ü à)Ö<Ý�Ù&Úc×`ÜuÍ,Ë]ѴѴкÜ?кÑCÒcÌ�ÙpÒ°û�Ö�ã±ØYÖ^ͺÏ'à)Ù4Ñ´Ù�ÚcкÙuÑ\Þ�ß�4Ë]ÐEÚcÙ�Ú�Ó '�(]ÚcÑ´Ù&Ò´Ò4Ë�×"Ý # Ë]×�×'Ù�Ú�É

Page 48: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � |�� � �P��������� ��������À ������ ��� ��� � � � �P��� � ��� � � ���>� � � ��� �]�$����� � �n ����� � � �]� �� � -� &0�# W: �4# � - � 0�# $� # * � � � 7 � � �0 � �0�# � # �<��� ��� � (�( -� &0�# � #�!�#�( $W�* #]�� �� -

&0�� �p� 0 �<W &# �^� &0�#v�����, �� � (,jk! � (���# W���$9 (�# *>� ��� � # �p�3 � � � � # �u� �� � */� U 9 #v(�����# �$�\�� � ��(�����# �<� ��¿ $�W��<� &� � ( � ���_# � #]�' &� � (_#]�'� � �� � � �\# � 0 � (�( � #�#S &0 � \ �0�# 9 # � g � �l� � � � ( $%1 - � 0�# �� # * � � � 7�� &0�#� � r{ÀC�'����! � (�#�� � # � 0�# $� # * � � #^�'��� � # � (�����# �<� �, cU �

� ¬ ¶"¶Yµ ¼ � 0�# �� # * � � � 7 � � � */� &0�# */� �� �]� (�(�U � #�# W�x &0�# �$� �� � ���` �0�# � #3@:���, �� � � � �=W��& !�#�, I�4# � 0 � (�(V# � �<9 (�� � 0G �0 � #]#=� *>W (�� �]� �� � � �

� «�� �3 �'!�# ��% #]�� ! � �<9 (�# x� »�� �3 �"!�# ��% #��' � �3 � � � � &#��' x� ·"� �3 � � � � &#��' $# � �$9 (�#% �3 �"!�# ��% #��' �

¾ � �� &(�����# � � «�� � � � � »�� �$� # W��& !�# �59 U �$W�W (�U'��� % �0�#T(�����# �$�+* ��(, �� � &# W - $��* ��( � W��<� &� � ��( �<������, �� � (,jk! � (���# W��&�9 (�# */�lB � � � � D�F �$� � � � ·&� � ��W��� !$# �19 U1!�# � �,-wU"��� % &0 � �� ( � %)�$�� ��#p0 �$��� �$9 ��(��� cU �( H�]� (V# ����$�u�\�]� ��� �$��� � W ">* � � 0 �

� «��(' ¶ © Y ª�¬ ) ªu©}¯ ²�¯k«�»�§wª�¼ ¾ -\ �0�#a(�����# �<�)* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( � � �1�3 �'!�# ��% #]�� � &0�#]� B � � |�� D�F* � � T0 ( � ��� W��<� &� � ��( �$� - $� �0�#������� &� � (�j°! � (���# W���$9 (�# **),+�- 7 �.)�B 7 F - 7 � �l0 �� # �� (��H �� �q� �)AB N F0/ 7 �21 � � � W�W:'� #l �0�#p- $��* ��( � � � ��� � �$9 (�# � � 0�#�� 9 U+ &0�# W��&" - - � 0�# $� # * � �43 � �� �$�H* �� ��+W:�<� &� � ��( �<�p�� (��� &� �65 b -87 b �l�� &0:9 7 9<;o� ���� 5 b - X=7 b �l�� &0:9 7 9 - � �¾ �{#]�, �0�# �l�]�$� # �H� � W�W:'� # &0�# � �$� ���� % ! � (���# � - $� �0�#= &� * #)���' &# %$�u� �� � �<� #v �$g #�� �$�

R b -?> 6@5 b ; 7 � X �BA=C2� ; B �ED | D F F

�l0�# � #�6G� �S���?� (�� � U � &0�#+ &� * # � �# W � � 0�#��Z �0�# ��$*>W �H �# ���& (��H �� �2- $�S� (�( X �l��(�( 9 # W�� # � � � #](�U> 6@5 b � ½\�� >�l0�# � # �$� �0�#G- �$� $� > 6�#]� � � � # � &0 � ` �0�# � �<� &��� % ! � (���# �/�<W�W��&'�$� 0 ),G.- 7 �$�6�H 7 �}�$�?� #^����� � # �29 U B � � |�� � F � 9 > 6@5 b 9 �<W�W��&'�$� 0�# �$I - $�S� �"UGN -yX 6J; 7 � � 0"� �`B � � |�� D�F �H # �� I0 ( �V��� � � �0�#=- $��* ��( � � � � �3 �'!�# ��% #]�� �

� »��6' ¶ © Y ª�¬ ) ªu©}¯ · ¶ ©:²�¨³²�¯´ªu©}¯&¼ �2W��� !$# �3 � � � � �#�� � U �9 U � 0�# �� # * � �ED � �\# * � � � 0 �K B � F - 7 � � � KML B � F -ON�B � F��Q¿ $� �0�#=@ �u� ���3 � � � � # � �0�# W��$� �� � ��( �$� ������ &� � (�jk! � (���# W��&�9 (�# *P) + - 7 �)AB 7 F - � � �l0 �� # �& (��H �� �f� �%)�B N F�/ � �C� � � &0�# W��$� �� � ��( �<� ������ &� � (p! � (���# � R G - �"�&� - RRQ �O� - � �P ��� � # Â�B) ; N F - 7 � &0�#T(�����# �$�)* ��(� &� � &# W - ��&* ��( �{� # � � � # � �B � � � � � F �A� � �o�3 �"!$# ��% #]� � #`� *`W (���# � &0 � ) &0�# �� (��H �� � � �0�� �)� # � � ��� #�� � # � #�( � �� � - �� &0�# % ��!�#��5�����, �� � ( ��� �Z�&� &� � -wU R B � F H � �$�6!H 7 ��P ��� � #SR b �� # � � � # W #]� �T �G6 � �0�� � � � &0�# ���<* # �$�p�&� U"��� % R b H � �$�4X H I - $� @�rH# �6S; 7 �H� � �G9 U B � � � � � F � �0�� � � *>W (���# � K B � F - 7 �

�y� 0 � KTL B � F -UN�B � F �C�� � � � � # � &0�# W��$� �� � ��( �$� ������ &� � (�j°! � (���# W���$9 (�# *V) + - � �W)AB 7 F - 7 ��l�, �0�#3r ��� �& (��H &� � )�B N F - N �IP ��� � # Â�BX) ; N F - � � &0�#+(�����# �<�I* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( �ZB � � F � � F � # � � � # � K BZY F R b - 6 N�B � F3��1 � � ��� � # K B[Y F � �l�+W_ (�U"� $* � � ( - � # %�� #]#SA=�l�� &0 K B � F - 7 � �� l0 �$�p� @����� &#�� U"( $� #3r W�� � � � �

K B[Y F - K L B � F B[Y C2� F # �D K L L B � F BZY CG� F ~ #8�"�&��#�A�Æ K0\ Q^] B � F BZY CG� F Q D

� #� 4� �p�$W�W (�U K B[Y F &0�# W��$� �� � ��( �<� -w��� � �� �_5 b - 6 X=N�B � Fa` KML B � F - Ncb N�B � F"` KTL B � F��QP ��� � #b5 b � �(�����# �<� ��� X��:� (�( 9 �� I &0�#=@ ��� I &# �&* ���G �0�# � # � ��# �l�<� # 7 ��� � � �\# % #3 K BZY F 5 b - K L B � F B[Y C2� F 5 b ��l0�� � 0 � # � � � # � 6 N�B � F3�\¾ � &0�# � � $�u����� 5 b � �?�/�� (��H �� �G �0�#1(�����# �<�I* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( � ��- &0�# W�� # ���3� � 9 # � ������ &� � (�! � (���# �S�<� #1R b - 5 b - $� 7!c X c A�CZ� �ed 9 !"� � � (�Ua &0�� �v�� (��� &� � ��� �� � @�# ��3 � � �� &� � B � � |�� � F - $� &0�# % ��!$#��2������ &� � ( ��� �f)AB 7 F - 7 �I¿ $� &0�#�(�����# �$�?* ��(, �� � &# W - $��* ��( � a9 #�3 �'!�# ��% #]�� � �, S- (�( � � &0 � e5 b * � � �&� &� � -wU B � � |�� D�F �:� � � &0"� � �4# * � � S0 � !�# N�B � F - KML B � F �}�$�� ( � � * # � �

� ·"�g' ¶ ©�²&¨�²]¯kª�©_¯$h�²�¯k«�»�§wª · ¶ © Y ªu¬"iHª�©_¯�¼Jj � 0�� �SW��<� -� &0�# W���' -�� � � vU$#� S� � �, & &#�� x}� #�# &0�# � #3-w# � #�� � # �]�"� � � 0 �$�QW�W � Fk� D�l F��'� -�m � � � # �]� 1�n ��� #3 & �Ro � � ����# �vB �]��p 3<F3�A¿ (�( �l��� % � $��g� -

Page 49: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � |�� � ����������� ��������À ������ ������� � � � ����� � ��� � � ����� � ����� �]�$���������½4�H � 0�# �vB �]� |$|�F � � � P g #�#]( B �]� 3�|�F � �� p� � � � � � � ���<�u� >���$�&� U �H \ �0�# W��&" - 9 U>@ �u� � # � � � ��� % &0�#>(�����# �<�=* ��(, �� � &# W - $��* ��( � 2�{ ��#3j � �# W � # � � �u� � � �O��� ��� B � � � � p F�� � 0�#`��� � # � (�U'��� % � � # � � �L4= N8G =I3&M Jc3 365I3 = A =�h D��� �� � � � # � �� ��# � 0 � � �0 � 1 �0�#a�"� * # � � ��� ( * #� &0 H� - ��+� @�rH# � �� * # � &# W�3�*`W �H &# � &0�#)#�r ��� �& (��H &� �{ /�`W���$9 (�# * �l�, �0 �/� (�� % 0� �(�U W # � �� �&9 # � -w��� � &� � Â�B) ; N F�� �

½4# � � � # �C�� �"!$# �&% #�� � # � �� \� �C� # � � �u�<9 (�#l +g � � ���* #� &0���� %`�<9_ �H Q �0�# ����� � ����� U - �& (��H &� � ��3�*`W �H &# � �l�� &0y(�����# �$�=* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( �$� � �� #�� � � � #��� &0Hj $�u� # �v����� � ����� U �V�� � � �� &� � B � � |�� � F*/� U 9 # � � #�� % &0�#���# �{��� - (�( � � �

R R b C )�B Ncb F R -��>B 6�� F �$� 6!H 7H; 7 c X c A�C2��D B �ED | D � F

� 0�#G- (�( �l��� % &0�# $� # * �� �H@ �&*/� &0 � /- $�/�o� �<9 (�#2(�����# �<�>* ��(� &� � &# W - ��&* ��( �5�<W�W (���# � .� ������, �� � (,jk! � (���# W��&�9 (�# * �l�� &0 � �Hs � ��#]�� �(�U ��*>" �0 �� #�s � ��#��' �]� �0�#2( H��� (l# ���&������$��� � Wq�$� #�r'jW # � �# � �

� ������4� ����� �c���\�4����I���4�V�C�I����+�� Q:  �"¡ ¢_¤±¢_¢:¤ ' ¶ ©�²�¨¥¸"ª�¬v«�©y¨�©�¨¥¯¥¨³«<§�� Y «�§°®'ª �}¬ ¶ »<§iª�­ �"! ¼ ! ¼ #��`¯%$:«�¯4²u«H¯¥¨�² ^ ª�²�¯%$}ª>· ¶ ©V¸$¨°¯±¨ ¶ ©:²¶�µ'& $}ª ¶ ¬3ªu­ ! ¼ ! ¶ © «�©q¨�©_¯´ªu¬ Y «�§gj 7�; \(� W «�©V¸.¨�© «"¸�¸$¨°¯±¨ ¶ © W «$²&²]®<­Tª ¯%$:«�¯ Â�BX) ; N F ¨³² � ¯¥¨�­Tª3²· ¶ ©}¯±¨�©}® ¶ ®�²�§,¹þ¸$¨*)Oªu¬3ªu©}¯±¨i«�»�§wª,+�¨°¯%$ ¬3ª�²"�AªY·]¯a¯ ¶ ) «<©V¸ N ¼.-�ªY¯�«<© «/�0�V¬ ¶/1 ¨�­/«�¯kª{² ¶ §°®�¯±¨ ¶ © »Hª· ¶ ­2��®�¯´ª^¸/»�¹>«+· ¶ © Y ªu¬"iHªu©}¯:§�¨�©_ª3«<¬�­T®<§°¯±¨³²�¯´ª3� µ¥¶ ¬�­T®$§³« ¶YµV¶ ¬]¸"ªu¬ ¶Yµ «"·]·]®<¬�«"·�¹54 � +�¨°¯%$/²�¯k«�¬^¯±¨�©RiY «<§¥®'ª3²l²�«�¯±¨³² µ ¹�¨�©Ri �6! ¼87'¼ 9��^¼ & $_ªu©o¯:$�¨�²?² ¶ §¥®�¯¥¨ ¶ ©G²u«H¯¥¨�² ^ ª3²

R R B N F C )�B N F R -,�>B 6�� F «$² 6 H 7�; B ��D | DE� F

®$©�¨ µ¥¶ ¬&­>§,¹ µ¥¶ ¬?«�§�§ N<; j 7�; \(� ¼

=?>@=?ACBEDGF�=HFI ! ¼J7�¼ ! ¼ �t0�� � 0 -\ &0�#�- (�( �l��� % (�����# �<�v* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( �$�v�<� # �3 �"!�# ��% #��' �Ä n � #+ �0�#>� � �� �Hj!$# �&% #��' ��# � ��� �� � � � � &#]�' �H$� ��� � �<9 (�# ��$�p9: &0:Ä� «�� R bLK ~ - �~ R

bLK � # �~ Rb # D 6 Â bLK � �

� »�� R bLK � - R b �� ·"� R bLKNM - R b # M O 6 B¥Â bPK

O# Â bLK ~ # Â bLK � F �

� ¸k� R bLKO- R bLK � # �O 6 B 3 Â bLK ~ C D Â bPK �R# Â b F �

� ª � R bLKNM -RQ�TS B RbLK O C>R bPK � F #TR b #VU�3S 6 B¥Â

bPKNM # � Â bLKO# � Â bLK �R# Â b F �

� µ � R bLKO- ClR bLK ~ #TR bLK �0#TR b # D 6 B¥Â bPK ~ #  bLK � F3�

I ! ¼J7�¼ #�¼XW ¶ ¬�¸"ª�¬&§�¨�©_ª=·�«<²�ª�²^¼� «��ZY � � � � # � &0�#`��� � �<9 (�#`#3r" �u�<W_ ( � �� �2- $��* ��( �yB � � � � � F3� �t0 � )� � �0�# ���� # �v - */�<% ���� &� � #BwW_ �4# �? -\6 F -� &0�#`# ����$�u� ���' ��H� � � # � ( H��� (�(�U � S# ��� 0 � &# W Ä��t0 � S� � �0�# $�u� # �I - */�<% j���� &� � #/- �$� $�)9 Uy�l0�� � 05 �0�# � # �<� # �<*>W (��,@�# �o� -i &# �Z[`B 6}�V� F �� * # � &# W�� Ä]\�# � �,-wU &0 � 1 &0�� �- �$� �� � � ( �<��% #v#�� � % 0{ a�]� � � #=� � �3 �"!�# ��% #�� � # �

� »�� �t0 � �$� #? &0�# ��$��� # ��W_ � � ��� % �"� *+9 # �u� - $� &0�#bA�j � �# WT% #���# ��� (���z � &� �/�l�� &0 K B 7 F -fB 7 CG� F Q]�N�B7 F - 7 Ä

Page 50: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � |�� � ��� � ������� ������À � ���� ��������� � � ������� ��� � ������� � ����� �]�$���������� ·"� d �/ �0�# &0�# � 0 � � �V�H� #]!"� � # � � �0�# � ��� � �<9 (�#v(�����# �<�C* ��(� &� � �# W - ��&* ��( � ���a�l0�� � 0a &0�#S( H��� (� � �&��� #� &��z � &� ��# �&��$�u�+�$� # - � 0�� % 0f#]� � % 0 ���� # �` - ����� � ����� U � #]( � &��!$#a &0�#G��� � �$9 (�#�<*>W (���@ ��� &� �{- �$� $�u� &0 � l &0�#]Ua�l��(�( A 589p��� � � #=� � �3 �"!$# ��% #]� � # �

� ¸k� �t0"U �H # � &0�#`#3r �$*`W (�# - � ·&� � �3 �� ����� � � � 0�# $� # * � � � 7 Ä �t0'UZ� � �, �<W�W��&�W�� � � �#) �3 � � � � # � &0�� � #3r �$*`W (�#)��� � �<9 (�#^Ä

I ! ¼J7�¼�H¼ ' ¶ © Y ª�¬&i�ªu©V·3ª µ¥¶ ¬=²3·�«�§i«�¬S§�¨�©_ª3«<¬S¨�©�¨°¯±¨i«�§ � Y «<§¥®'ª �}¬ ¶ »�§wªu­/²^¼� �& !�# �$�S9�� ��#c0:U � � � #](�# %�� �' �(�U�$� U � ��� �a &0 � � �<9 ��(��� cU � � �a�3 � � � � &#�� � U>� *>W (�U �� �"!$# �&% #�� � # � - �� �0�# ��W # � � � ( �]�$� #?���T�l0�� � 0 )� �l����� ( �$�l� � � &0�#=-w��� � �� � Â�BX) ; N F � �l�&�]� ( �<�l� � � (�����# �<� �

Page 51: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

� � 3"�2P � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� �]�$���������

������ ���������������� ����� ��!#"%$

� 0�# � # � ��(� �� -: �0�#l( ��� � c� )� # � �� � ���3 � � # � ��# � �0�# 9 #�0 � !"� $�� -}(�����# �<�Q* ��(� &� � �# W - $��* ��( �$����G �0�#1(�� * �� v6!H 7 � ½4�H I- $� �0�#1� *>W:�� � �' � ( �$���p - � ��,� d �SÀ ��� �l0�� � 0Z���"! (�!$#v�l� � #�(�UT! �<� U"��� % &� * # ����� (�# �]� �� S� � � *>W��u�$� �� �]� (� �<g #`6 ��*/� (�(A#�� � % 0G- $� &0 '� # � # � ��(, � {�<W�W (�U �In � � (�U � � �I -9 #]0 � !"� �� - �� @����, �#=6 9 # �3$* # � ��� � � ��W #�� �&�$9 (�# ��¾ � Y 0 �$W &# � �`�\# � 0 � (�( � #�#? &0 � �� � � � � # �u� &� � -@����� &#+6{� �l� ( �� # ��� #��' &� � (_- $� �0�# � � � (�U � � �p - � � ���3� #3 ���z � &� � �p - W:�<� &� � ( � ���_# � #]�' &� � (V#]�'� � &� � � �

P ��,�}��# ��� � �?�/� � 9 �(�#+� � # ����� � �2 � �?� � �&� � �&� � � -��, S�l��(�( 9 # � #�-w# ��� # � &0�#1��#3r" � # � &� � �mI# � # � �\# � 0 � (�( � � *>W (�U �3 � � � � # � �0�# W��&�9 (�# * -�@����� &#16 � � � (�U � � �4 -(�����# �<�p* ��(, �� � &# W - ��&* ��( ��� �� 0�# g #]Ua� � # � &0 � I# * # �&% # � � � &0�#)� � # �` - � �'&)(+* ih8 ,&.-0/21)3P 547698

:<;>=@?#ACB�: ¢_¤EDO¤±¢GF � #� a� �>9 # % ��� 9 U�( "�g ��� %o�<%'� ��� � / �0�#Z��� � �$9 (�#{ �0�� ��� j $�u� # � - ��&* ��( �B � � F � D � F�� ¾ � À�r �$*`W (�#�� � � � �2�4# �<W�W (���# � �0�� � - $��* ��( � &0�#y�����, �� � (,jk! � (���# W���$9 (�# * )�+�- )�)AB 7 F - �`�l�, �0 �� * # � �# W 6 - 7 D 7 D � � � � �9�� # � !$# � �0�# ���� ��(�( � $� U{��� � �$9 ��(��� cU � 0 �l����� ¿ � % � � #� � � � � B±9 F��)¿ ��$* ��#1 �� * # � �# W �0�#`��#3r" � �0�# �� (��H �� � %$� #�� 9 U � - ��� $�=�<9_ �H C �0D ��F �}� � � #3r W ( � ���G &0�� � �4#=( "$g # �{� l &0�# � # � � ��� #]� � # � #�( � &� �

K BZY F R b - R bLK ~ # �$R bLK � C/�<R b - 7 D B �ED 3 D�� F� 0�#Iz]# ����� - K B7 F �<� #)� � � � C?� �$��$��� # ��W_ � � ��� % +�& (��H &� � � R b - � � � � R b - B C?� F b TB � � 3"� � F �� � � &0�# � # �3 � �T - �0�# � # �� (��� &� � � #3r W ( � ��� � �0�#=- �$� $� C ��D �EF � I(�# �$� �<W�W��� rH� */� &#�(�U �

¿ �� &0�� �l�&�]� ( �<�^� (�����# �$� #3r �<*>W (�# � �4# �]� � �H�* � � 0 9 #� � &# �l9 U � #� � ������� % &0�#v �# ��*>�l bLK9H ��� &0�# � � � (�U � � � � � 0�#I-w��� � &� �  � �4� � *>W (�U Â�B) F -8)A��� � � &0"� �4� �T#3r �$� ��� &0�# � �0 � � �$W�W��� rH� */� �#*>"� #�( -� &0�# ��� ( � ��( � &� �G� � �0�# � # � � ��� #�� � # � #�( � �� �

K BZY F R b Ca6 N�BZY F Â b -JB K B[Y F C/6 N�BZY F�F R b - 7�; B �ED 3 D D�F &0 � I� �]�

BZY ~ # B � Cf�"6 F Y C B ��# D 6 F&F R b - R bLK ~ # B � Cf�'6 F R bLK � C B ��# D 6 F R b - 7 DP #3 & &��� % 6 - 7 D 7 D � % ��!$# � &0�#)z]# ����

7 �JI ��D 7 D ��F��Y� ; 7 ~ I C �0D � D ��F��Y�RDn � � � �J�4#{0 � !$# � !"� � &� � (�(�U.#�r ��� `#3r W ( � � � &� � -I &0�# �u� �� I C �0D ��F -vÀ�rH# ��� � � #�� � � � � ��$�]� � �u� �# �H�$� �� I0 �<W�W #]� ��� a�<9_ �� D 7 � � % �, �p - �$�]� � �u�$� U B±� #�#)À�rH# �u� � � #�� �43H� � F��

KML9NPORQSORNUT�V.WXNUORNZY#[]\]^0_a`%V.bPQcLRWedZfcbgWhOijfck5WXV.lcknmoLRpeqr_sORQ�t�ucQcV.WUmwv�ORQMOGk.YxbUV.bV.b�QcLRW�bUL�bZVniylcknmoORb�V.Q WXz�m{m�|�ORiylcknm}dZfcbgW0~�L9Q�bUVnt�m�NUm+t�����mo��ORQ�W�WULwW7OG�RmhWUzcmhWXm+NUiyb�J� `a�G� � VnQ�WXL�~�LRQcbUV.tcm�NUOGWXV.L9Q�_�Tcf�W@�>mo~+m�NZWXORVnQ�k.Yjt�L9Q���W>��ORQ�W>WUL�~�ORNUNgY�L9f�W>O�bUm+lMORNXO�WXmORQcORk.YxbUV.b�p�L9N0m�OR~7z�p�f�Qc~+WUVnL9Q�`����'Q�bZWXm�ORt�_sknm�W0fcb�ORbZbUfciym{WXzMO�Wo`}��qr�2�Z�M����q�p�L9N�bUL9iym~+L9QcbZWXORQ�Wo�o�j�����'QSLGWXzcm+N���L9NZtcb�_M�>m�~+L9QcbZVntcm+NPWUzcm�knV.Qcm�ORNh� ���x �¡¢ U£�¤�¥R¦2§¨��©

qcªx����q¢« �­¬9«¯®°«¯±9�

Page 52: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 � P � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� � �$����������'Q�WXzcm�Qcm |xW�bZm�~�WXVnLRQ �>m>bZzMORk.k9bUm+m@WUzMOGW¢O0QcL9Qck.VnQcm�ORN�bgY°bgWXm+i LGpM[]\]^�br~�ORQ T<m�NZm�tcf�~�m�tWUL�O{bUm+W�LGp<l�NUL9Tck.m�iybeLRpsWUzcm�p�L9NUi �g¬R�E®°� ±��rTJYjknVnQ�m�ORNZV���O�WXVnLRQ�_�p�NUm�m���V.Q�]LRpa~�Lxm�y~�V.m�Q�WXb+_ORQ�tStcVnO��9L9QcORknV���OGWUVnL9Q��

� p�O�knVnQ�m�ORNijfck5WXV.bZWXm+l p�LRNUijfcknO �­¬9�� °�.¬R¬ �jVnb ORlclck.Vnm�t WXL�WXzcm�i Lxtcm+k�m��JfMOGWXV.L9Q�­¬9�E®x�¯±�� _cV.WPNZm�tcf�~�m�bPWXL�WUzcm�NUm�~+fcNUNZm�Qc~+mwNZm�k)O�WXVnLRQ

����� ú�� ��� �G�

�����v ����� ú � ��� �R�

� �����L9N0m��JfcV��GORk.m�Q�WXk5Y �!

�#"{� � �v%$��#"h�'& � � ����� �­¬9«¯®°«)(���Pzcm+NUm���m�zMO��Rm�tcm�uMQcm+t �vP� �xv<« �­¬9«¯®°«+*R�,�L � knm�W.-�/0 �21���T<m]WXz�m43�5�6798;:28<5>=@?BAC:D=FEFAHGI826J:

- /0 �21��o�!�;1�� � �v$��;1���� ��

��� ú � � �� �v � � �K1 � � �­¬9«¯®°«�L9�

�PzcLRbUm~�Lxm�y~�V.m�Q�WXb tcm+l<m+Qct LRQ WUzcmlMORNUORi m�WXm+N �v<�NM0zcm+Q�WUzcmbUL9k.f�WXV.L9QcbhWUL��­¬9�¯®°�)(��ORNZm�NUm+k)OGWUm�t WXL#WUzcmO��m+NUL9b]LRpP- /0 m |�OR~+WUk.Y%OGb{WXzcm�bZL9knf�WUVnL9Q�bhWXL��­¬9�+*x�+*9�P��m+NUmNUm+k)OGWUm�tWULWUzcmQ��m+NUL9b�LRp ! �;1�� �@�'QSORQMOGknLR�RYyWXLWXz�m t�m��9m+knL9l�i m+QJWUbPLRpTS�¬R�+*°_°��m tcm+ucQcm�UVXW�Y�ZH[�\^]N_a`�Wcb2Y�d�be[efhg#ij]K_a`�WD\kY�d 6793�AC:;l�5�mn:D=o3�5�679:<m9p g#ij]q\rf�\s]�b;Y<tj`�Wu\s]wv�\sWc`n[�v]� �xv Y�gT\sW�Wxd>ijWc`%b;Y2i�Zdzy � �C{ ijg|b;}H[~]�[�tj`�]K]�[�ZCt�[O]>[�WD\�b;Y2i�Z��c�R�<���+���z\s]�[��%in`�ZH�[��\sd���������RfcbgW�ORbCVnQQM0zcm+L9NUm+i ¬9�¯®°_ V.WCV.bCm�ORbgY{WXLP~7zMORNUOR~+WUm�NZV���m�WUzcL9bUm�k.VnQcm�ORN ijf�k.WXV.bZWUm�l{p�L9NZijfck)OGbWUzMOGW�ORNZm�OGTcbUL9k.f�WXm+k.Y bZW7OGTcknmsU

�l�l�I�o�����4�4�u�_�u�����A���f� �������C�Q�}�5�_�'� �A�k��������~� mnA��jmnG �J�2�n��� V�W�Y�ZH[>\s]._a`�W#b;Y�d�be['f�g#ij]K_a`�Wu\~Y�d�\�sd�i�Wc`b'[�W �wd�bc\%�sW2[|g#ij]|\Qf�\s]¢¡b;Y2t�`�WD\^]4v�\sW#`n[ �vo���xv Y�gB\sZC�£ijZW¤�rY�gP\sW�WPb;}H[¦¥^[¢]�ijd4i�g - /0 �;1�� d¢\%b;Y�d§g��©¨ 1 ¨�ª ¬^« \sZC�\sZ��¬¥^[¢]�iq­BYcb;}@¨ 1 ¨ � ¬ Y�d.dKY�_4f®W2[��� zMO�WjVnb�tcV�¯<m�NZm�Q�Wjz�m�NUm p�NUL9i �PzMOGW���m tcVnt V.Q°S�¬R�+*SV.b WUzMOGWwm��9m+NZYJWXz�VnQ�%tcm+l<m+QctcbL9Q �v<�@KML9N�bZL9iym �v�O�knV.Qcm�OGN�ijfck5WXV.bZWXm+l#p�L9NUiwfck)Ow�PV.knk Tam�ORTcbZL9knf°WXm�k5Y#bgW7ORTck.mR_MOGQct�p�L9NLRWUzcm�NZbPV.W0�PVnk.k Tam ORTcbULRknf�WUm�k.Y fcQcbgW7ORTck.mR�P±�m�NUm QcL�� V.b�WXzcm��Gm+Y�tcm�uMQcV.WUVnL9Q®UÇ^²\ÒcÌ�Ù�Ú�ÒcÙ�Úcà)ÑQË�ÚcÙ/Ô±û�Ù�Ë�ý<ͺß�ÑkÒ�Ë]Þ�ͺÙuä1Ë]×'ÝyÔ¥Òcкà)Ù�ã±ÑkÒ�Ë�Þ'ͺÙ^É ä

Page 53: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 � P � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� � �$���������

� }H[ 3�5�67982:;8D5>= �jm��C82ACE�� i�g \4W�Y�ZH[�\s] _a`�W#b;Y�d�be['frg#ij]K_a`�Wu\�Y�d�b;}H[.d�[jb i�g \sW�W �v{�j�g#ij] ­B}Y2t } b;}C[�g#i�]§_a`�Wu\~Y�d \�^d�ijW#`be[¢W �wd�bc\�^W2[j�,�LRWXm�WXzcOGW�OR~�~+L9NUtcV.Q��WXL�WXzcV.b]tcm+ucQcV.WUVnL9Q�_rO�knV.Qcm�OGN{ijfck5WXVnbgWXm+l p�LRNUijfcknO#Vnb]bgW7ORTck.mV.pORQ�tSL9Q�k.Y#V5prWXzcm�laL9VnQ�W ��T<m+knL9Q%�9b�WXLyV.WUb0bZW7OGTcVnk.V.W'YyNUm��9VnL9Q �

�Cm+WyfcbQcL�� t�m�NUV �9m�WXzcm�p�L9f�N�i L9bgW�p�ORiyVnknVnORN m�|�ORiylcknm+b�LRphbgW7ORT�VnknV5W'Y�NZm��9V.L9Qcb+_V.knknf�bZWXNUOGWXm+t�VnQ�KeV��9fcNZm�¬9�E®x�.¬9�:<;>=@?#ACB�: ¢_¤EDO¤�F ¿��� ������ À���� �� ����� �� ������ ��� ��� F"!$#�� ��� 3 � % !'& ��()���*��+

,�-. � 7 ! - � 7 C � !MC0/1 - 7 C0� � #2/1 !43 � � D 3 D 3 !

576 ���*8)�) �� � #�/1 � � ���� 9�)���� ��;: 6 +<�����7+=�)���>� /1 ;@? 576 �9� 9 � #�/1 9 c � # ��� � � 6 + # �9���7A 6 +=B 9C/1 CD�^C � ! 9 c ���¿ 6CE � 9� ��� 3 �)� �GF�� �>�H+;�9� 6 +7 �� E"6 �"I �:<;>=@?#ACB�: ¢_¤EDO¤KJJF ¿��� ������ &�� (HB 5 � HA ÀL��� �) ;���� �� ����M� ��� �j� ��!4# �9���N+O� �>& 6 � 6 �OP F � � P�I���� 6 �>� 6 +

, -. � 7 ! - � 7 C � !MC0/1 7 - � � C0/1 ! 7 C � 3 � � D 3 D pQ!

576 ���M8)�) �� � � C /1 !4RTS � : 6 +;�9���N+=�)�U�>� /1 ;@? 576 ��� 9 � C /1 9VRTS c � # �9� � � 6 + # �9���@�$W��9�� 6 �� 7���X�9���NA 6 +9B9C/1 C � 9 4 ���ZY �)�1¿ 6KE � �� ��� 3 ��� & �:<;>=@?#ACB�: ¢_¤EDO¤C[xF ¿��� ������\�9 �>F �)8�� 6 A]���" 9� ����^� ��� ��� ��!$# 5 �\� �`_ �

,�-. � 7 ! - � 7 C � !MC Sa /1 � 7 # � ! - � � C Sa /1 ! 7 CM� � # Sa /1 ! � � D 3 D �Q!

576 ���M8)�) �� � � # Sa /1 ! ` � � C Sa /1 ! - � � # /1 ! ` � � C /1 ! � : 6 +;�9���b+=�)�U�>� F � 6 IQ��+ 6 I ? ��� � � � 9�\I��*� � =�����) �� 9�"� C � �9� � I^�� 9�"� � � 6 � � � #�c � 7 cMd # �9��� � �$�e�U� �>� �ef F��� I�� ��Y �)�1¿ 6KE � �� ��� 3 ��� ( �:<;>=@?#ACB�: ¢_¤EDO¤g�F � ���@� 6 A F � 6 IQ�7���� �� ����^� ��� ��� % ! � � +

,�-. � 7 ! - 7 a C � /1 7 C � 3 � � D 3 D � d !

5 � 6 (H�^� � +;� 5 �b8��) ��"+ 7 + � � 6 +=��P 6 I E7 C �7 -h� /1 D � � D 3 D ��� !

d &�_ 6 � � + � P^�9���� 9� 6 + �>� 5 � P�+i��I��j8)�� 9� 576 ��� 9 7 S 9 c � � I�A � I��>�����) 576 �9� 9 7 a 9 4 � # +=�k���� �>& +9� �K� ���+O� �>& 6 � 6 �OP # 5 �]� � +O�b� �`_ � 9 7 S 9 - 9 7 a 9 -w� � & �>���l8)�� 9�Q+@��Im����� � I 6 �D( 6 �( � � # 5 � 6 (H� 576 �C� �n()( � 6 �� I�A���I � P 6 � /1 � 6 �o+ 6 I��9���N( � �Q+=�oAk()��� F�� �$W 6 I"���) _p�>� j C7q�3rq � � � ���s� 5 �j�$W��� 9���j� _p�>�K� �o+ /1 -mt q E"6 _ �An� ��&�� �k8)�) ��"+ 7 S - 7 a -ut qH# +=� 5 �k($�"I�( �K� An�]�9� � �j: 6 +N�9���k� F �)Il($�"� F�� �)W 6 IQ�9�� _p�>�v�^C7qH3wqp!4#Z� ++=��� 5 I 6 IZ¿ 6KE � 9� ��� 3 ��� A �

Page 54: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 �MY � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� � �$������� �

C � �

�2O9��^�f�knm�N ��TM����OR~7����ORNZt ^�fck.m�N

��

��~��TM�NUORlam���LRVnt ��ts���SVnt�l<L9V.Q�W�.8O�HlF�jm �J���H�2�J��JW7ORTcV.knV5W'Y NUm��9VnLRQcbS��bUzcORtcm�tM��p�L9N�p�L9f�Nyk.VnQcm�ORNjijf�k.WXV.bZWUm�lp�L9NZijfck)OGb��¢�'Q ~�ORbUmw��ts�eWUzcmPbZW7OGTcVnk.V.W'Y�NUm��RVnL9Q�V.b}WXzcmPL9lam�Qy~�L9iylck.m�|�V.Q�WXm�N �GORk� � � � � ��� b�i m+QJWUVnL9Q�m�t#L9Q l�� ¬ ®x_xWUzcmhp�L9fcN>knV.Qcm�[email protected]+l p�L9NZijfcknORbCdZf�bZW0~+L9QcbUV.tcm�NZm�t

ORNZm]WXzcm�TMORbZm�b�LRpep�LRfcNPVniyl<L9NgW7ORQ�W0~+k)ORbZbUm+b�LGpeuMQcV5WXm�tcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�~�m]p�L9NUiwfck)ORb�p�LRN0lMORNZWUV)ORktcV ¯ m+NUm+QJWUV)ORk@m��JfMO�WXVnLRQcb�Uy^�fcknm+N�_}TcOR~7����ORNZt ^�f�knm�N+_}WXNUORl<m���L9V.t�_}OGQct knm�ORl p�NZLR�c� � mbZzMORknkrNZm+p�m�NoLRp WXm+QSWUL�KeV��RfcNUm¬9�¯®°�5¬wVnQSm�|�ORiyVnQcV.Q��WXzcm�bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y�l�NUL9lam�NgWXVnm+bhLRpeWXzcm+bUmuMQ�V.WXm]t�V�¯<m�NUm+Qc~�m�p�L9NZijfck)OGb��M0zcmoT<L9f�QctMORNZVnm�b>LRp WUzcmhbgW7ORT�VnknV5W'Y�NUm��9VnLRQcb@p�LRN �GORNZVnL9fcb tcORi b�����OGbUz�p�L9NgWXz�_ t �ORiyb����SL9fck5WXL9Q _}ORQct�TMOR~7����OGNUtcbtcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�WUV)OGWUVnL9Q p�L9NUiwfck)ORb�ORNZm lck.LRWUWUm�t V.Q KeV��RfcNUm+b¬9�¯®°�� ��a¬9�¯®°� (c�°,oLRWUm�WUzMOGWyWXzcm�bU~�ORknm+b V.Q WUzcm�bZmSWXz�NUm�m�uJ�9f�NUm�b ORNZm¬�Rm�NZY tcV ¯ m+NUm+QJW��WUzcm tMOGi b����SL9f�k.WXLRQ bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y�NUm��9VnLRQcb]ORNZm�ijfc~7z k)ORNK�9m�NoWXzMORQ WUzcL9bZmp�LRN tMOGi b����OGbUz�p�L9NgWXz�� ,oLRWUm ORk.bUL�WXzMOGW p�L9N ORknkPLRp{WUzcm zcV��9zcm+N��'LRNUtcm+N tMORiyb p�L9NZijfck)OGb�_�WUzcmbgW7ORTcV.knV5W'Y%NUm��9VnL9Q�bwORNZm TaL9fcQ�tcm�t�_��Pzcm�NZm�ORbwp�LRN�WUzcm TcOR~7����ORNZtcb�tcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�WUV)OGWUVnL9Q%p�L9N��

Page 55: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 �MY � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� � �$������� �ijf�k)ORb{WUzcm+Y ORNZmyf�QxTaL9fcQ�tcm�t�� b �PV.knk}Tamm�|°lcknORVnQcm+t V.Q�WUzcmyQcm�|xW�bUm�~�WXV.L9Q�_rWXzcV.b V.b�Pz�Y�TMOR~7����ORNUt�bhtcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�WUV)OGWUVnL9Q p�LRNUijfcknORb0ORNZm�Vniyl<L9NgW7ORQ�W��±oL�� tcLxm�b�L9Qcm ~�LRi lcf°WXmwbgW7ORT�VnknV5W'Y#NZm��9V.L9Qcb�knVn�Gm]WXzcm+bUm�� [{QcmwORlclcNZL�OR~7z���L9f�kntTam{WXL~�OGkn~�f�k)OGWUmhWXzcm �+m�NZL9bPLRp9- /0 p�L9NPOjk)OGN§�9m{QJfciwT<m+N�LGp �GORk.fcm�b0LGp �vh�w� ORQct�tcNUO��O~�L9Q�WUL9fcN�lcknLRW�_MTcf�WPWXz�m�NUm�Vnb�ObUVniylck.m�NPORQct�iyL9NUm OR~+~�fcNUOGWXm i m�WXzcLxt�� �>Y �g¬9�¯®°�)L���_V5p 1yVnbPON��m+NULyLRp -�/0 �21���p�L9N0bUL9iym �v�ORQct¬$��;1��������_�WUzcm�Q

�vP�!�21��$��;1�� �­¬9«E®x«.¬j R�

��~+p­�M�­¬9� ±��.¬����U� � M¢L]tcm+WUm�NUiyVnQ�m�WXzcm0TaL9fcQ�tMORNZY�LRpsWXz�m0bZW7OGTcVnk.V.W'Y NUm��9VnL9Q _GuMNZbZW�~�OGkn~�f�k)OGWUmWUzcm0~�fcN �9mPLRpC�GORknfcm+b �vj~�L9NZNUm+bUlaL9QctcV.Q�{WXL�1@�������PV5WXz� ���� ���c ^-��2� M0zcV.bB�^A®A�5 :2A�� l 3� lF���Hm zMORb�WUzcm�lcNUL9lam�NgW'Y WUzMOGW�OGW0m�OR~7z�l<L9V.Q�W �v#L9Q�WXzcm]~+fcNK�RmR_sL9Qcm �+m�NULyLRpF-�/0 dZfcbgWWUL9fc~7zcm+b}WXzcm0fcQ�V.W}~+VnNZ~�knmG��� Wep�L9knk.L �PbrWXzcOGW}WXz�m�T<LRfcQctMORNgYwLGp�� V.b}O{bUf�TcbUm�W�LRpsWXzcm�NZL°LGWk.L°~+fcb�~+fcNK�Rm � LRQck.Y#OjbUfcTcbZm+W�_MVnQ��9m+Qcm�NUORk¨_°T<m+~�ORf�bUm{WXz�m{LRWXz�m�N �+m�NULRb0LRp�- /0 iyV��9z�W>knV.mm+V.WXz�m�N�VnQ WUzcm�tcVnbZ� L9N�L9f°WXbUV.tcmR� �@Y�WXz�m�l�NUVnQ�~�Vnl�knm#LRp�WXz�mSOGN§�9fciym�Q�WLRp�~+L9i l�knm�|ORQcORk.YxbUV.b�_xL9Qcm�~�ORQ tcm+WUm�NUiyVnQ�mo�PzcV.~7z#~�L9iylaL9Qcm�Q�WUb�ORNZm��PzcV.~7z#T�Y ~7z�m�~7�JVnQ�odZf�bZW�LRQcm�GORk.fcm �v�V.Q�m�OR~7zSknLxL9l�m�Q�~�knLRbUm�t�T�Y�WXzcm�NZL°LRW�knLx~�fcbP~�f�NK�9mG� �xm�m ^e|�m+NU~+VnbUmy¬9�¯®°� ±��

=?>@=?ACBEDGF�=HFI ! ¼��]¼ ! ¼ �� _ �s�9� � �U���� i�9��� � I�+=� �>&�� � � 6 I�� � U� ��� � 6 +=�9� F ���� �� ����0� ��� F � �j� !4# �9���j+O� �>& 6 � 6 �OP^ 9� E�6 ��I0:

6 +;�����@�)� F �OP^+=�)� �I ! ¼��]¼ #�¼ ¿ 6 I�AN�)W � (4�����" 9� ���� + ���" ��9��� & � � I�A � 6 �o+T�>� :����" � «�� �����L+9��($�"I�A�f �� HAn�) ��vA � �D+=f ½�� +=�n���" =���

���� �� �����# � »�� �9���\�9� 6 �Anf �" �An�� &�� (HB 5 � HA�+'A 6�� �) ��)IQ� 6 � � 6 �"I^���� �� ���� �I � �� ��� ! ¼��]¼�H¼�� 6 ��� � ()��� F�� ���) F �� E � � ��� F�� ���s ����>� � �n( � +s( � _ ��+ � ¾ I � � 6CE �nf � � _ � � �� I E ��� E � � 6 B�� � � �K��&�# 6 � 6 +��*�"+=��()��I _ ��I 6 �)IQ�'���DAn�"!�I�� �b_p� 6 ��&�� ��# -�� C 7 RTSo# 5 ���) �� 7 6 + �G_ ��(4���� ��>� � d"d �� +=� F � 6 IQ�H+'�"I]����� � I 6 �U( 6 H( � � #n� I A*�9����I 5 �� �B*A 6 ���($� � P 576 ���]���" 9� ���K� +'+ � (H� � + � ��� � ��� d !4# � ��� � �)� F"!4#� ��� � �)�o% ! � �9���� ��9� � I 576 �9�^�����N($���"$]( 6 ��I"�H+�% HN� I A'& H �� «�� c � F 9�nA � ($�1¿ 6CE � �� ��� 3 � � #�� I�A��9����I E �)I��) � �9�\�����N ����>� � ��( � +U( � _ �\���� � - � � � � � � 6 +v: Ä

�±½ �N( � ��$� ��� � !� »�� c � F 9�nA � ($�)¿ 6CE � 9� ��� 3 � � #�� I�Ak�9����I E �)I��) � �9�v�9���@ 9���>� � �n( � +U( � _ �v���� � - 3 � � � � � 6 +U: Ä� ·"� � �>�'�9���v 9����� � ��( � +;( � _ �7���" � ��� F � ��� ! �)( �>& � � � � (H�k($�"� F ��I��)IQ� & Pj�9���vI � � & �) ;�>��8��) ��"+����

, -. � � ��+ 6 A��v����� � I 6 �vA 6 +9B #�� I�A��$W F��� 6 I^��� 5 �9� 6 + F 6 ($� � ���+� �� �� ����+;�9� À W��� �( 6 +9� ��� 3 �����I ! ¼��]¼ 9H¼ � � � � 6 +k�9���2� � W 6 � � � � 6 �*�h+=�9� F 1 ���� 5 � 6 (H� �9���2�9� 6 HA�f �� HAn�) '�vA � �D+=f ½�� +=�n���" =���

���� �� ���� 6 + ��& +9� �K� �9� � Pk+=� ��&�� � 5 ���)I �>F�F�� 6 ��A��9� � ¨ � ),+R- C ) # � ¨�¨ � ),+M- q ) Ä� «�� ¿ 6 H+=� # �o+O� 6 � � ���s�9���\� 6 �*�N+=�9� FM� 6 � 6 ��+ 576 �9�^����� � 6 Ak����¿ 6KE � �� ��� 3 � � � I�A � ��� �) �� »�� 1U� 5 An�) 6 _ �s�9���@�)W � (4� � I�+ 5 �) H+ � ¿��� � ¨�¨ � �9� 6 + 6 +7� � HA #n&�� � 6 �i( � I & �NAn�"I�� �

I ! ¼��]¼�*'¼ À W F��� 6 I^�9���b 9��� � 9B �>& � � � � d f A 6KE�6 � � (�( � � ()P � �U�����G��I�AM�>� À W � � F�� � ��� 3 ����� � F�F ��`W 6 f� � �9� � P 5 ���) ��NAn����+;������! E � 9�\�>� � d A 6KE�6 ��+7()���*�s�� 9�"� Ä

I ! ¼��]¼J7�¼ & ¬]®'ª ¶ ¬�+:«<§�²�ª-, �9���\+=� ��& 6 � 6 �OP* 9� E�6 ��ID���" � I�P � 6 I�� � '� ��� � 6 +=�9� F ���" 9� ���K� 6 + � ( � �"+9��A]+ ��& +9�$��>�<�9���N()��� F�� �$W F��K� I�� �

Page 56: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 �MY � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� ����� �������

��

�C �C �

� -���

F

�.8O�HlF�jm �J� �H����� �>L9fcQctMOGNUVnm+b{[email protected]'Y�NZm��9V.L9Qcbhp�LRN tcORi b�����OGbUz�p�L9NgWXzp�L9NZijfck)OGb�LRp�L9NUtcm+NUb�¬ �°±°�

C % C!F

F�q

C.F�q

� - F

��

%

�.8O�HlF�jm �J� �®����� ��L9f�QctMORNZVnm�bLRpobZWXORTcV.knV.W'Y�NZm��9V.L9Qcbjp�L9N tMORiyb�����L9fck.WUL9Qp�L9NZijfck)OGbwLRp�L9NZtcm�NZb± ��L�� �¨[{NZtcm�NZb�¬�ORQct© S�>m�NUm�tcV.bUlcknO�Y9m�t ORk.NUm�ORt�Y VnQKeV��9fcNUmy¬9�¯®°�5¬J��T�_ ~�� �E�£,�LRWXm WXzMO�WhWXz�mjbU~�ORknm�Vnb|�Rm�NgY tcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�Wop�NUL9i WXzcOGW{LRpWXz�m l�NUm��xV.L9fcb0uJ�9fcNZmR�

Page 57: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� 3 �MY � ��� � � � ��� � ��� � ��� � ������� � ����� ����� ����� �

� -2%

�F

��F dC � d

C � d q

� d q

�.8O�HlF�jm��J� �®���F� ��L9f�QctMORNZVnm�b�LRp�bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'YSNUm��9VnL9Q�b{p�L9N]TMOR~7����ORNUtcb�tcV�¯<m�N��m�Q�WUV)OGWUVnL9Q#p�L9NZijfcknORb�LRp�L9NUt�m�NUb ¬ ��L���m�|xWXm+NUV.L9NUbPLRp�~�fcN �9m+bhbUz�L �PQM���

I ! ¼��]¼��]¼��"¨�­2�V² ¶ ©�� ² µ¥¶ ¬&­{®<§³«�¼ � �)�9�) �� 6 I��*�9���]+=� ��& 6 � 6 �OP �� E�6 ��I ���� Y 6 � F +9��I�� +s���� �� ����m� ��� � �)� 3 !4#� I�A^An � 5 � +9B��$�H(H� �

I ! ¼��]¼H¼ 9� _ �D�9� � � � I�Pl($��I _ �) E �)IQ� � 6 I�� � *� ��� � 6 +=�9� F ���" 9� ���K� 6 + ��& +=� �C� �9� � P � I�+=� ��&�� �k���" ���C�+ � $D( 6 ��IQ� � P�+9� ���C�TF �"+ 6 � 6 _ � /1 ; d �

Page 58: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� p �MY �=� � �0��� � ������� � ����� ����� �������

������� ��>��� " ��$�$

¾ I � ��%Q� m �)I� 6 ( 6 � +�� ¨�²�·&¬3ªY¯´ª��:«�¬�¨i«�»�§wª�yª�¯%$ ¶ ¸�²�¨�©�4¬]¸$¨�©_«�¬�¹ � ¨J)Oªu¬3ªu©}¯¥¨³«<§ ���"®'«H¯±¨ ¶ ©:² �>F fF � � ���A � � � 6 + �� I�A�� � 9B & �Q�"B #UF ���+9�)IQ� 6 I E �����2� � �9�) 6 �>� ���@�9��� F �� _ 6 � � +k+9��($� 6 ��I�+ 6 I E �� � �An�$� � 6 �r# � � A��G������� �v� � ���"� 6 +=�i�����)�" 9P��D��� � 6 I�� � s� ��� � 6 +O��� F ���� �� ���� + 576 An� � P0B�I�� 5 I � � 6 �9�2�9����`_p� 6 �K��& 6 � 6 �OPD�>�����" 9� ���K� +;�>� � & 6 �� � 6 � P*� 6KE �^�� HAn�� '��� � (�( � � ()P � I�A � E �)I��� ��� ($��I _ �) E �)I ($�7�����$f�� �P0�9� F 9� _ �b��� � �@�����)P 5 �� �B���A # 6 �N� � P2� �`_ �D+9�)�)�*�oA ��� � � � 6 �=� � � 5 � + � �$�e�G�9� An�0�)Wn()� F �@� � �I�9������ �P 6 I"���D+=���e� 5 � 9� �

�i+ d �SÀ ($�"� F�� � � � 6 ��I�+ & �o( � �*�D($�"�*�j�"I F��� ()� 6 Ih�9��� ����% d + # ��� 5 � _ �� # 6 � & ��( � �*�]( � � � �9� � �v($�� =� � 6 I F 9� &�� ���D+ 5 �� 9�\� � I�A � ��A &�� A � P & P]����� � + ���>� �j�)�9���nA�+ ��� I� �� � +9��I �>&�� Pk+9� ���C� � 6 �j�+O��� F + 5 � ��� A & �s 9� �"� 6 ���A*��� � (H� 6 � _ �i�9���\An�o+ 6 9�oA � ()( � � ($P � � � � � 5 � +'� 6 +�+ 6 I Eb6 I��9���\+=� � I A � HA�9������ �P 5 � +*�����0I��>� 6 �"I �>� � &6 �C691���g8 �i+ 6 �k� ��F�F ��I�+ # �����0� 6 +�+ 6 I E F 6 �o($�0� � A & �)��I + ��F�F�� 6 �oA� An��( � An�M� � � 6 �) 6 I � I � 6KE �Q�=f F�� E � F��>F �) & P �2F � 6 ]�>�@(H���)� 6 +O�H+ � �D����� � I 6 _ �) H+ 6 �OPl�>� � 6 +Of($�"I�+ 6 I # Y � ¿ � Y � =� 6 +�+ � I�A�� � d � m 6 H+�(H�n��� � An�) �� ¬ ¶ ·^¼��v«H¯�¼��1·u«"¸_¼ �_·�¨°¼�� � ��� ��� ! � Y � =� 6 +�+ � I Am 6 �+�(H�n��� � An�� Z� � A 6 An�)IQ� 6 !��oAj�9��� F ���)I����*�)I��"I*�>�T+O� 6�� I���+�+ # ($� 6 I���Ab�9�������) �� #Q� I�A 6 I _ ��IQ�9��A &�� (HB"f5 � �A�+ZA 6�� �) ��)IQ� 6 � � 6 ��I*���� �� ���K� +<�9�N($� F � 576 ��� 6 � � m � 5 � _ �� # ����� 6 F���F �� � ���($� 6 _ ��A � 6 �9� � � � �9�9�)IQ� 6 �"I���� � I � � & �) U��� P"� � �+ #�� I Ak���" i�)W � � F�� � # 6 �vAn����+UI��>� ��F�F � � � �*��I E m �)I� 6 ( 6 � +U�9�� ��)�@� � I�A� 9�oA 9�)���) ��)I�()��+ �

� � � � 6 + � +=� 6 � d �vÀ\Ä � ���s��� �K� � 576 I E � ��s�9���N+9P�� F �9�"�*+��*�Q+O�7�>�e���)IM�*�)IQ� 6 ��I���A"!#�8%$'& 1�(9/24�**) 1*+-, 476G&)(L ,60�%.� 0/�1*)�-21X( /'- ,6�3o&: 3+012�4, (5) 1��g86�887R&)(+* 3) ,&n-C ��%+047/21�4:9�(2,¨4 60�'&n/2( ,6G&�4 6 1 &;& (76j(�,<,*=�/2(�,g-�8>+8@?@A4(') 0, ,&B+01­&;& 4C/��D/+476"E &�.a4 / �8GF

ÀL� (H�0�>�Z�9����+9�j+=� � �9�)�*��I"�H+i� � + & �)��I � +9��A � + � (H� � � (4�9�� 6 8 � � 6 ��I^�>�L+=� 6 � I���+�+ & PM��I�� �>� �9���" i�� � I����9���� � ¾ Ij� � ($� # �9����P � 9� �>�K� ()�� � 9�o(4� #�� I�Ab�����)P � ���I��>� 6 I�An� F ��I�An��I"�;+O� � �9���*�)IQ��+ &�� � F�� =����� �($�"���) ��)IQ� 5 ��� � � � �7�e�9�� F 9�o+=��I"� 6 I E � I]�)W � � F�� � # 5 �v+=� ���C� � � B"�7�9����� �*�� �� F ���( 6 +9� � I�A]�$W F��� 6 I�9��� � � E"6 ( �>� ($�"I�I��o(4� 6 ��I + & �)� 5 ���)I^�9����� �:<;>=@?#ACB�:IHKJMLNJ0H F � ��� � 6 I�� � 6 I 6 � 6 ��� f _p�>�K� � F �� &�� �)�

)�+ - C � d"d � ) C ($�Q+ �;O=!=!RC + 6 I �;O=!$3 ) � d ! -�� � � D p0D � !� � +X�9��� � I 6 �Q� ��+=� �C� � 6 ��I ) �;O=! - ()�"+ �0O=!4# ���" 6 � ) �;O=! - ($�Q+ �0O=! ����� ! �+=�X���) �� ��I@�����' 6KE �Q� & ��()���*��+ d #+=�s��� � �Z����� �K� E �;()���"$]( 6 �)IQ� C � d"d An �� F + � � �������9���7� �Q��� � 6 �"I � � � � �L()�Q� $]( 6 �)IQ�Z� � + � An�"� 6 I � I"�� � ��($�N��I 6R1 (7/g*g- +9� �K� � 6 ��I�+\���L�����(d �SÀ ()�� � 9�o+ F ��I�A 6 I E �9�0A 6 � �) ��)IQ� 6 I 6 � 6 ��� A � � ��# ��� 5 � _ �) #�� +6 �K�K� +O�� � �9�oA 6 I�¿ 6CE � �� ��� p �)��� � �OP F 6 ( �>� �9 �QP ��($�9�" 9P ) �;O=! ��� � +9� �K� � 6 �"I2���M�9� 6 +%d �vÀ & � E�6 I�+ & P+=���Q��� 6 I E ��F 6 A � PM��� 5 � �A�+i�����D( � _ �D()�"+ �0O=! ��I � � 6 �j�]+�( ��� � I d D d ��� � � 6 + 6 +s�����D� �>�K� � � 9B0���+O� 6�� I��o+9+R!M ��F 6 A � Pl(H� � I E�6 I E ($��� F ��I���IQ��+j�9� � � � �� F 9�o+=��I"� 6 I � I d �vÀ � _ ��I 5 ����I �����)P � ���>& +9�)IQ���� ���� �����N+=� �C� � 6 ��I & � 6 I E �� � (HB��oA �Ç�õ�Ì�Ð,ÑvÍ�Ë�ÑkÒ1ÐEÒcÙuà8кÑ1Î�Ï'Ö�ÒcÙ�Ý2á�ÚcÖ^à ö:É % Ö]á\ÒcÌ'Ù+ÞHÖ�Ö^ýZÞ�ß �pË�ÐEÚcÙ�Ú1Ë]×'Ý # Ë]×�×'Ù�Ú íkî�ï^ï<î3ò É�S'Ö�Ú1Ë]ͺÍQý<Ð,×'Ý�ÑSÖ]áк×�á�Ö]Úcà1Ë3ÒcÐ,Ö]×=Ö^×v×$Ï�à)Ù�ÚcкÜ�Ë]Í<à)Ù�ÒcÌ�Ö<Ý�Ñ}á�Ö]ÚÑkÒcкâT²4ÊUTOÑuÓYк×�ÜuͺÏ"Ý�к×�ÛpÌ'кÑkÒcÖ]ÚcкÜ�Ë�Í'öHÙ�ÚcÑ´öHÙ�Ü�ÒcкØYÙuÑ�Ë]×'ÝvͺÐ,Û]Ì�ÒcÌ'Ù�Ë3Ú´ÒcÙ�ÝÌ<Ï'à)Ö�Ú�Ó]ÒcÌ'Ë�ÒOкÑOÒcÌ'Ù�ÞHÖ�Ö]ý?ÒcÖ4ÒcÏ$Úc×SÒcÖ$ÉOü\×�Ö]ÒcÌ'Ù&ÚOÙ�Ë�ÚcͺкÙ�Ú�ÚcÙ�á³Ù�ÚcÙ�×'ÜuÙ�û�Ö�Ú´ÒcÌ=×'Ö�Òcк×'ÛpкÑNV�ÉCSAÉ5W<Ì"Ë]à)ö�к×'Ù�Ë�×"ÝvÕ\É# É�È4Ù�Ë�Ú�ÓQÔ°üqÏ'Ñ´Ù�ÚYX ÑpØ<кÙ�ûqÖ�á�Ñ´Ö^ͺØ<Ð,×�Û1ÑkÒcкâGÖ]Ú�Ý$Ð,×'Ë�Ú´ßaÝ$ÐEâ�Ù�ÚcÙu×�ÒcÐ,Ë]Í}Ù�Î�Ï'Ë�ÒcкÖ^×�ÑuÓ ä�Z�[]\B^`_ �4a�� �Ybdc�e1íkîuïgf]ï^ò Óî ô î4f É

Page 59: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� p �MY �=� � �0��� � ������� � ����� ����� �������

��������� HKJMLNJ0HKJ ) �0O=! - ($�Q+ �;O=!�� I�A�I�� � & Pk+9� �K� � 6 ��I +��>�X����� 6 I 6 � 6 ��� f _p�>�K� � F �� &�� �)� � ��� p ��� ! �1 ��� � � � �

d D � � �0D � d d D � � d �d D � C � D 3 d� � d M d D � � d F�Fd D d � C � D �j� � d S d D � � d F d �d D d � C � D 3�3 � d S G d D � � d F d Fk�d D d � d D � � d F d ���"% d D � � d F d ��� pd D d�d � d D � � d F d ���"� d D � � d F d � F�p��� ��� ���

d d D � � d F d � F d % d D � � d F d � F d % - ($�"+ � � !������� HKJMLNJ0HKJ Y �"� F�� �9�oA _p�>�K� �o+�� � � ! ���" ��9���N+ � �*� F �� &�� �)� �

** *** * ** * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ooooo

ooo

oo

oo

ooo

oo

oo

o o o oo

o

o

o

o

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oî ú R�S G

î

î ú S G

î ú R�S î ú R a î ú RO

��� �

� � �

1

���������� H J�L�J J Y �"� F�� �9�oA*�) � 9�" �+ 9 � � � !�C ()�"+ � � !�9�� + � � � I�($� 6 ��I]����+O��� F + 6 8�� 1 ���� L�9���+ � �*� F 9� &�� �)� �w� � E f � � E +�( ��� � ! �

Page 60: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� p �MY �=� � �0��� � ������� � ����� ����� ��������<�>&�� � ��� p ��� 6 I�A 6 ( � �9�o+ �9���i( � 6 � � + � � �o(4����� � ����� 6 + F �� F �) 9�OPN�>� �9���$d ��� � � +Z��I*I � �*�) 6 ( �>�

($�"� F�� � � � 6 ��I�+ ��� �" i+ 6 W _p���C� �o+��>� 1 # �����\� ��&�� �N()��� F�� 9�o+;�9���@ ���+ ��� ��+ � � O -O� ($�"� F�� �9�oA & Pk�9���+=�o($�"I�A�f �� HAn�) �vA � �D+=f � � +9�n���" =��� � I�A &�� (HB 5 � HA�+7A 6 � �) ��)IQ� 6 � � 6 �"IM���� �� ���� + � � Y 6 I�()�@�9���gd ��� 6 +� 6 I�� � # 6 � F�� ���*�)IQ� 6 I E �9��� &�� (HB 5 � HA�+�A 6 � �) ��)IQ� 6 � � 6 �"ID���� �� ���� 6 +'� � +9P � !b� ���sA 6�� �) ��)I�()� & �$� 5 �)��I�9���M� 5 � ($� �C� �*I�+]�>�vI � � & �� �+ 6 +D+=�9 6 B 6 I E � � ��� &�� (HB 5 � HA�+bA 6�� �) ��)IQ� 6 � � 6 �"I ���" 9� ����2& �)� �`_ ��+& � �>� � 6 � ���C� P # ()��I _ �� E"6 I E +9�*���>�9� � P � I A �Q��� A� � � 6 ( �>�K� Pk���]�9���j()�� � 9�o(4� � I�+ 5 �) # &�� �\�9��� �iA � �D+Of� � +9�n���� 9�9�M���" 9� ���K� E �)I��� � �9�o+7�)I��" 9�*� � + � I�A0($�"� F�� �)�9� � PM�) � 9�"I��)� � +�I � � & �) H+7���" i�*�nAn�) � ��� 1 �� �$� 5 ���)I 1 & ��()���*��+�+=� ���C� �)I�� � E � 6 �^+9�$�=� � �o+kAn� 5 I ��� & � PO� +=� � + � (�( � � ��� � + & � (HB 5 � �A�+A 6 � �� 9��I"� 6 � � 6 ��I �

� � 6 + & ��� �`_ 6 �" 6 +7+9��� 5 I E �>F � 6 ( ���C� P 6 I � 6KE � �� ��� p � � # 5 � 6 (H� 6 + �b� � E f � � E F�� �>�7���X�9���@�) � 9�" 9 � � � !�C ($�Q+ � � ! 9<� + � � � I�($� 6 ��I ��� 1 � � ��� �iA � �D+Of � � +9�n���� 9�9�m���" 9� ���� 6 +b� &�_ 6 � � + � P � +=� � �o+9+b���� 1 ; d D d ��� � � � � 6 � 5 �U��I � P 5 � IQ��� 5 �G�� Z���� 9���iA 6KE�6 ��+'�>� � (�( � � ()P�� � 6 �9�k�9��� �vA � �D+=f � � +=�n���" =������� �� �����# ��� � �U �� �Q� �o+O�U( � I�I���� & �N+ � � 6 + !���A���+=� _ �)IMA 6KE�6 ��+ 6 +��9���@� 6 I 6 � � � �

�°V.Qc~�myWXzcm#m |�ORi l�knm�dZf�bZWj~+L9QcbZVntcm+NUm�t V.bwk.VnQcm�ORN�_�L9Qcm ~�ORQ ORQMOGk.Yn��my�PzMOGWw�>m�Q�W�PNZL9Q��PV.WXz�WUzcm tMORiyb�� ��ORbZz�p�L9NZWUz�p�LRNUijfcknOwm�|�OR~�WXk5Y9�@�'Q�WUzcm�QcLRW7O�WXVnLRQ�LRpeWUzcm�k)ORbgWbZm�~+WUVnL9Q _�WUzcm@WUNUL9f�Tcknm�V.brWUzMOGWCWUzcm�NZm>V.b�O0NZL°LRWrLGp�WXz�m@NZm�~+fcNUNZm�Qc~+m�NUm+k)OGWUVnL9Q¦- /0 �#"h� � �0���WUzMOGWPknV.m�b0L9f°WXbUV.tcm{WXz�m f�QcV.WPtcV.bU�s����m�i OR�Rm]WUzcm ORN§�9f�i m+QJWPl�NUm�~+VnbZm�OGbPp�LRknknL��Pb+�:<;>=@?#ACB�: H J�L�J H��� ����������>:�� F�� � ) �;O=! 6 + � I�Pj+9� �K� � 6 �"ID�9� ) + - C � d�d � ) C ()�"+ �;O=!9!EC + 6 I �0O=!4#�9����I ��� ) !$�;O=! -B) �;O=!RC ()�"+ �;O=! + � � 6 + !���+'�����@� �Q��� � 6 ��I

��� ) ! +.- C � d�d ��� ) !<D � � D p0D � !

� � 6 + 6 + �@� 6 I�� � # +9( �>�� # ($�"I�+=� � IQ�9f ()�Q� $]( 6 �)IQ�.d ��� �>�T�����U���" 9� � ��� 3 � FQ! �>� �9��� �� +=�;+9��(4� 6 �"I # 576 ���� - C � d�d ��� � 5 � ��F�F�� P]�9��� � I�A�f �� HAn�� ��vA � �D+=f � � +=�n���" =���k���" 9� ���� ��� 6 � # 5 � E �$�������N ���( � 9 ��)I�()� 9� �K� � 6 ��I

�! K a C �! K S - C � d�d 1 �Oa �

K S�C Sa � !43

�9� � � 6 + #�! K a #2� � � d 1 C � ! �" K S C � d 1 �! - d 3

576 ���0(H� � � ($�9�) 6 +O� 6 ( F � � P�I��"� 6 ���

, -. � 7 ! - 7 a # � � � d 1 C � ! 7 C � d 1 - 7 a #2�Oa /1 C � ! 7 C Sa /1 D

� �" 1 ; d D d � # ��I��2�>�b�9���2� 5 � ��Q����+��>�N��� 6 + F � � P�I��"� 6 �>�\� 6 �o+ 6 I �9���mI�� E � � 6 _ � �� ��� 6 IQ�9�� _p�>��^C I 3&C � !4# 5 ���) �� � +*���� 1 c d D d � ��� � �� 9���>�k() 9�Q+9+9��+ 6 IQ�9� ����� 6 IQ�9�) _p�>� j C � 3 d ! � � � 6 + 6 + 5 ��P1 - d D d � 6 +������N($ 6 � 6 ( �>�T_p�>�K� �s���� ���� 6 + F �� &�� �)� #�� + 6 +U+9�D+O�� 6 B 6 I E � PD� _ 6 An��IQ� 6 I � 6CE � �� ��� p � �j�

� 6CE � �� ��� p � F +=��� 5 +;��� 5 �9� 6 + � I ��� Pn+ 6 +' �� �� �9�o+'�9�b�9���@+=� �>& 6 � 6 �OPk 9� E�6 ��I]�����9���@+9��()��I�A�f �� HAn�� �iA � �D+Of � � +9�n���� 9�9�G���� �� ���� � � ���7+=� � An��AG 9� E�6 ��I 6 Ib�9����! E � �� 6 +<�9����+=� ��& 6 � 6 �OPN �� E�6 ��I � +9�)� � 6CE � ����� 3 � � !$#"� I A*�9���s($ ��"+�+=�o+Z� � �BN����� �Q��� IQ� 6 � 6 ��+ /1 - C � d�d 1 ($�" 9 ���+ F ��I�A 6 I E �9�G�9��� _p�>�K� ��+ 1 � �)Wn()� F �1 - d D � ! 6 I � ��&�� � ��� p ����� � ���)I 1 & ��()���*��+ � +�+9� �>�K� � + d D d � # 6 � � � # /1 4 C � # �����v() 9�Q+9+9��+ �*� _ � 6 IQ�9��9���N+=� ��& 6 � 6 �OP] �� E�6 ��I � I A]�����N($�"� F�� � � � 6 ��I 6 +U+ � (�($��+�+=� ��� �

Page 61: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� p �MY �=� � �0��� � ������� � ����� ����� �������

x x x x x/0 � � î ú /0 � � ð /0 � � %0 � ú � î 0 � ú � ú ð 0 � ú � ú %/0 � � î

/0 � � Sa

�.8O�HlF�jm��J���������wM0zcmbZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y NUm��RVnL9Q p�L9N]WUzcm GQct � L9NUtcm+N tMORiyb�� ��ORbZz �p�L9NgWXz p�LRNUijfcknO�_R�PV5WXz ~+NUL9bZbUm+b�i OGNU�JVnQ�]WUzcm|�GORk.fcm�b �v0� � ¬��R��v�p�NUL9i�MeORT�knm¬9�����5¬9�

� V.WUz WXzcV.bwm |cOGi lck.m#VnQ iyVnQ�t�_}knm�WjfcbjWUfcNUQ WUL O i L9NZm ~�ORNUm�p�fck�tcV.bU~�f�bUbUV.L9Q LRpbgW7OGWUm�iym�Q�WXbj¬ �°± L9Q l��®LR*°��M0zcmwp�L9k.knL��PVnQ�bZfci i ORNgYSt�m�bU~+NUV.T<m+bo�PzMOGW{V.W�i m�ORQcb�WXLbUO�Y WUzMOGWWXz�m []\]^ qcª � `e��qr�2�Z�jVnb�bgWXV ¯ �PV.WUz NZm�bUlam�~�W WUL�WUzcm�bUL9k.f�WXV.L9Q q��R� �Z��p�L9NWUVniym�b������ �

� ��� §��x �¡�����¥����G§ ©���¦2§ �  ����U¥R¡n �� � �xWUV�¯<Qcm�bZb ORNUV.bUm�b{�Pz�m�Q WUzcmjWXV.i mwbU~�OGknmjWXzcOGW~7zMOGNXOR~�WXm�NZV��+m�bWXzcm�m��RL9knf°WXVnLRQ LGphq��R� �Z��p�L9N�� � �� Vnb�ijf�~7z bUk.L���m+NWUzMORQ WXzcm�WUVniymbZ~�ORk.m WXzcOGWj~7zMOGNXOR~�WXm�NZV��+m�bwWUzcm m��9L9k.f�WXV.L9Q�LRpPbZi OGknk�lam�NZWUfcNUTcOGWXV.L9Qcb���!�q<�+���Z�]L9Q�WXzcOGWbZL9knf�WUVnL9Q#p�LRN��"���� �

#��%$ ¦¨¥ &�§ ¡,§ ¦'� §(��� �)�X j�+*�¥,�7��©-��¦��U¥R§ ©M¦�¦/.�¥R©�¥�����¤0�Z¥��1� � � p¢�PVntcm+k.Y��GORNgYxVnQ�jWUVniymbZ~�ORk.m�b�VnQ�WXzcV.b}bUm+QcbUm�ORNZm�lcNUm+bUm+QJW�_xORQct�V.pMWUzcm0tcV.bU~�NZm+WUm�[�\]^%p�L9NZijfck)O�zMORb�O{TaL9fcQ�tcm�tbgW7ORTcV.knV5W'Y�NZm��9V.L9Q�_}WXz�m�Q WXzcm+NUm�VnbO%iyVnbUi OGWU~7z T<m�W'��m+m�Q WUzcm�NUm+k)OGWUV��9m+k.Y k)ORNK�9m WUVniymbgWXm�l�bWUzMOGWyORNZm�ORtcm��xfcOGWXm�WXL NZm�bULRk��9m�q � ���Z�jORQ�t WUzcm�NUm+k)OGWUV��9m+k.Y�bUi ORk.k>WXV.i m bZWXm+lcbWUzMOGWhORNUm Qcm�~+m�bZbXORNgYSWUL lcNZm��9m+Q�W{fcQcbgW7ORT�knm~�RNUL��0WXzSLRp}bZi ORk.kCl<m+NZWUfcNUTMO�WXVnLRQcb��'! q �+���Z� � bUf�~�~�m+bUbgp�fck�~+L9iylcf�W7O�WXVnLRQ#�PVnknk<Qcm�~+m�bZbUV.WXOGWXm�WXz�m f�bUm LRp�WUzcm�bZm�bZi OGknk<WUVniym{bZWUm�lcb+�

23�547698 ¡,§:��§ ¦��  �¦;.M�<�)�=�x��©?> ¦A@��)�CB � �'Q lMOGNZWXV.~�fcknORN�_�bUV.Qc~�m m |�l�knVn~+V.W�iym+WUzcLxtcbORk5��O�Yxb zcO��Rm TaL9fcQctcm+t bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y NZm��9V.L9Qcb �2^e|°m�NZ~�VnbZm ¬9�����.¬���_�WUzcm bZL9knf�WUVnL9Q LRp�bgWXV�¯[]\]^�b�T�Y m�|°lcknV.~�V5W�iym+WUzcL°t�b�Qcm+~�m�bZbUV5W7OGWUm�b�WXz�mhfcbZm{LRprbUi ORk.ksWUVniymPbZWXm+lcb��@KML9N>T<m�WUWXm+NNZm�bUf�k.WXb�L9Qcm ijfcbZWwfcbUfcORknk5Y%WXfcNZQ�WXL V.i l�knVn~+V.W{p�LRNUijfcknORb]�PV.WUz�fcQJTaL9fcQctcm+t bZW7OGTcVnk.V.W'YNZm��9V.L9Qcb��

� p�WUzcmyNUm�OGk}��L9NZknt�bUfcl�lcknV.m�t�[�\]^�b�WXL�T<mbZL9k��Rm�tEDZOGW NXORQct�L9iS_GF�WXzcm+Q �PVnt�m�k.Y�GORNgY°V.Q� WUVniymwbU~�ORknm+b{iyV��9z�WoQcLRW]Tam�O#~�LRi iyL9Q ~+L9Qc~+m�NUQ ���'Q OR~�WXfMOGknV.W'YR_<WUzcm�ORlcl�knV �~�OGWXV.L9Qcb{WXzcOGW�WXzcmNUm�ORk}�>L9NUk.t�l�NUm�bZm�Q�WXb�fcb��PV.WXz�ORNZmLRp WXm+Q m |�~+m�m+tcVnQ�Rk.Y%bgWXV�¯�� [{Qcmm |cOGi lck.m�V.boWUzcm�uMm+kntSLRp�~7zcm�iyVn~�ORkr�JVnQcm�WXVn~+b��|±om+NUm�WUzcmjL9NZtcVnQcORNZY�tcV ¯ m+NUm+QJWUV)ORkrm��xfcO �WUVnL9Qcb�tcm�bZ~�NUV.T<m�NZm�OR~�WXVnLRQcb0LRpF�GORNUV.L9fcb�~7zcm+i V.~�ORk bUlam�~�V.m�b0WXLjp�LRNUi LGWXzcm+N0bUlam�~�V.m�b+_sORQctWUzcmSbgWXV ¯ Qcm+bUbyVnbO ~�L9Q�bUm��Jfcm+Qc~�m LRphWUzcm�p�OR~+WWXzcOGWytcV�¯<m�NZm�Q�WyNUm�OG~+WXV.L9Qcb�W7OG�Rm�lck)OR~+mL9Qw�GORbZWUk.Y�t�V�¯<m�NUm+Q�WoWUVniym]bU~�OGknm�b+�TM0V.i m�bU~�ORknm�NUOGWXV.L9b0LRp�¬���H]L9NPi LRNUm ORNUm�~+L9i iyL9Q��M��>LwLRWUzcm�N�uMm+kntcb@VnQ��PzcV.~7z bgWXV�¯S[]\]^�[email protected]�NUm��Jfcm�Q�WXk5YyORNUmP~+L9Q�WXNULRksWUzcm�LRNZY9_J�Pzcm+NUm~+L9Q�WXNULRknknV.Q�op�LRNU~�m+b�WXm�Q�tWUL�T<m�WUfcNUQcm+t LRQ OGQctL�¯�O��9ORVnQ�bZfctctcm+Qck.YR_°OGQct~�VnNZ~�fcV5W�bUV.i �fcknOGWXV.L9Q�_ bUV.Qc~�m@tcV ¯ m+NUm�Q�W�~�V.NU~�f�V.W¢~�L9iylaL9Qcm�Q�WUb¢WUm�QctwWULozcO��Rm>�PV.tcm�k5Y�tcV�¯<m�NZVnQ�PQMOGWUfcNXOGk

Page 62: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� p �MY �=� � �0��� � ������� � ����� ����� �������p�NZm��Jfcm�Q�~�Vnm+b�� � p�L9fcNgWXz V.i laL9NgW7ORQ�WP~�knORbUb�LRpebZWXV ¯ L9NUt�VnQMORNgY�tcV�¯<m�NZm�Q�WXVnORkCm��JfMO�WXVnLRQcbORNZmjWXzcmbgY°bgWXm+i b LRp�[�\]^�b{WUzMOGW ORNZVnbUmO�p WXm�N�tcV.bU~+NUm+WUV��+VnQ�#WUVniym �'t�m�lam�Qctcm+Q�W�lMORNZWUV)ORktcV ¯ m+NUm+QJWUV)ORk@m��JfMO�WXVnLRQcb�_�lMORNgWXV.~�fcknORNUk5Y lMORNXOGT<L9k.Vn~ylcNULRTcknm+i b+_}�PV.WXz NZm�bZl<m+~+WWXL WUzcm�V.NbZlMOR~�mr�ROGNUV)OGTcknm+b�� WUzcm DZiym+WXz�L°t LRp]knV.Qcm�b+��F M0zcVnb m�|�ORiylcknm��PVnk.k0T<mStcVnbZ~�fcbZbUm+t OGWk.m�Q�RWUz�VnQ���zMORl�WUm�N�(c�M¢L�Tam�ORT�knm WUL�t�m+WXm+NUiyVnQcm �Pzcm+WUzcm�NyO lMORNgWXV.~�fcknORNwlcNZL9Tck.m�i V.bjbZWUV�¯�_}��m�Qcm+m�tWUL°L9k.b0p�L9N|�JfMOGQJWUV.p YxVnQ%� WXz�mwQcLRWUVnL9Q�LRp}WUzcm D­WXVniym�bU~�ORknm+b F#lcNZm�bZm�Q�W]VnQSORQ []\]^0��M0zcm��O�Y WUzcVnb Vnb��9m�Q�m�NXOGknk.Y tcL9Qcm Vnb TJY NUm+tcfc~+VnQ� ORQ ORNZTcV.WUNXORNgY%bZYxbZWUm�i LRp�[]\]^�b�WUL O~+L9knk.m�~+WUVnL9Q�LRpPbZ~�ORknORN�_�knVnQ�m�ORN�iyL°tcm+k>l�NUL9Tck.m�iyb�LGp0WXzcmyp�L9NUi �g¬R�E®°� ±�� _�WXLS�PzcVn~7z WUzcmV.tcm�O#LRp>bZWXORTcV.knV.W'Y�NZm��9V.L9Qcbh�PV.knkeTamORlcl�knVn~�ORTck.mR�QM0zcVnb]V.b]OR~7zcV.m��Rm�t�T�YSWXzcm�p�L9k.knL��PVnQ�bZm��Jfcm�Q�~�m�LRpoWUzcNUm+m�bZWUm�lcb+_�O%bUm��Jfcm�Qc~+m�WUzMOGWzMOGb�T<m+m�Q p�ORiyVnknVnORN]WXL%i OGWXz�m�i OGWXV.~�ORkbZ~�Vnm+Q�WXVnbgWXb0p�L9NPO~�m+QJWUfcNZYCU

qcªx��`e��qr�2�Z� �­¬9«���«¯±9�� -��:� �8�����'�

qcªx�������Z�­q �­¬9«���«)(��� + ���8��'���UB� + +������:��� & �

q ª ���oq �­¬9«���«+*R�� � �:��� B� � -��'�

y q ª ���Mq { � �����{���{��« �­¬9«���«�L9��'Q��­¬9������L9��_ �{���]��tcm+QcLRWUm�b0WXzcm�bZl<m+~+WXNZfci LRp��w_cV2� mG�._cWUzcm�bUm+W�LRp�m�V��9m�Q �GORk.fcm�b+�� m@Tam��RVnQ{�PV.WUz �g¬9����� ±���_�O0bZYxbZWUm�i LRp�� uMNZbZW � L9NUt�m�N�[]\]^�b+_��PV.WXz�q������Z� tcm+QcLRWXV.Q�

WUzcm�lMORNZWUVn~+fck)ORN�bUL9k.f�WXV.L9Q#WXzMO�W0��m�ORNUm]V.Q�WXm�NZm�bgWXm�tSVnQ���� p¢�>m�i OR�Rm]WUzcm�bUfcTcbgWXV5WXf�WUVnL9Qq����Z�M� q � � �Z�! ��'! q �+���Z� �

ORbPV.Q��­¬9�����+ R��_�WUzcm�Q�bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y ORQct�bZWUV�¯<Qcm�bZbot�m�lam�QctSL9Q�WXzcm�m��RL9knf°WXVnLRQ�LGp0��!�q<��� �Z���M0zcm{uMNZbZWPbgWXm�l�V.b�WXL�¡,§ ©  U¥#" §%$� {WUzcm]m��JfMO�WXVnLRQ�TJY#ORbUbZfciyVnQ� ! q�Vnb�bZi ORk.k¨��� p}` V.btcV ¯ m+NUm+QJWUV)ORT�knmh�PV5WXz�NUm+bUlam�~+W�WXLym�OG~7zS~+L9i laL9Qcm+Q�WoLGpeqr_�WUzcm�Q���m zMO��9m

`e��qr�2�Z�P� `}��q � �2�Z�! &��� �Z���'! q<��� �Z�! ('°�*)1! q�)+����Pzcm+NUm&�����Z��V.bwWXzcm+�-,.� /®6 �RAC798<6JE GI6%5��^810 LRp�lMOGNZWXVnORk�tcm�NZV��GOGWUV��9m+bjLRph` �PV5WXzNZm�bUlam�~�WoWULq U

�2�����Z� � � �43 `�5 763 q 5� 6 ��q � � �Z�����Z��� ¬ ª � �98 ª �S«

: W*;<;�=�> W@?BADCFEHGJIF?�AKAKEML%NOEHADP<;<ARQS;<THTHE�?�AVUXWD>ZY[>]\_^KEMQS;F`K_�aSbdcfeKc*gihkj�l.mVaonSpDlKhdqKr*a�sOt2j�u[gip]a ZKjJbirDgihkj�lvj�t�w�x'Z5[y hHu�nBrBhigisz]Y{TH|*}�;o~f`��f�F� f >

Page 63: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� �j�MY���������� ��� ��� ��������������������� �M0zcV.b{iym�ORQcboWXzMOGW{V.p ! q V.bhbZi ORk.k¨_sWXzcm�[�\]^ ~�OGQ%T<m�OG~�~�f�NXOGWUm�k.Y ORlcl�NUL�|°Vni OGWXm+t T�YO�knV.Qcm�OGN�lcNULRTcknm+irU

qcª>� `e��q � �2�Z�! &��� �Z����!�q<��«� p���m�bUf�T�WXNUOR~+WPWXz�m V.tcm�Q�WUV.W'Y�q��ª � `}��q��¨�2�Z�>p�NZL9i WUzcVnb0m��xfcOGWXV.L9Q�_��>m4�Rm+W

��!�q<� ª � ��� �Z����!�q<��«[{Qcm�~�ORQ�WUzcVnQ�� LRp�WXz�Vnb]NUm+bUfck5W ORb ORlclcNZL�|�V.i O�WXmR_ V.p !�q�Vnb]bZi OGknk¨_<L9N]m�|�OR~�W�_rV.p ! q V.bV.Q�uMQcV5WXm�bZVni ORk¨���Pm+�PNUV5WXV.Q� !�q ORb�O�Qcm+���GORNZV)ORT�knm{qr�9V��Rm�b��g¬9����� (J���M0zcm�bUm+~�L9Q�t bZWUm�lSVnb�WXL **"X 7 F$� ��7�� �� ��§¨ �©M¦/� TJY�bZm+WZWXVnQ%�

��������� � �p�L9N WXzcm%lMOGNZWXV.~�fcknORNO�ROGknfcm � � LRp VnQ�WXm+NUm�bgW���M0zcm%Vntcm�O zcm�NZm%Vnb WUzMOGW�bgW7ORT�VnknV5W'Y ORQctbgWXV�¯<Qcm+bUbyORNUm�k.L°~�ORk�lcz�m�QcL9iym�QcO�_@�Pz�Vn~7z i O�Y OGlcl<m�ORNOGWbZL9i m#WUVniym�bj� � ORQ�t Q�LRWLRWUzcm�NZb��PM0zcm NUm+bUfck5WPVnb�WXz�m ~+L9QcbgW7ORQ�W � ~�Lxm�y~�V.m�Q�WoknVnQ�m�ORN�l�NUL9Tck.m�i �g¬9������*9���

KeV.QMORknk5Y9_aORbZbUfciyVnQ� � Vnb{tcVnO��9L9QcORknV���ORTck.mR_c�>m �R§�¥��x��©a¥R¡,§%$� jV5W��]�'Q��9m+Qcm�NUORk¨_ ORQ�YbgY°bgWXm+i LRp � knVnQ�m�ORNoL9NUtcV.QMORNgY tcV ¯ m+NUm+QJWUV)ORk�m��JfMOGWUVnL9Q�b{�PV.WXz O#~+L9QcbgW7ORQ�W�_rtcVnO��9L9QcORk �V���ORTck.m�~�Lxm�y~�V.m�Q�W{i OGWXNZV5| � Vnb�m�|�OR~�WXk5Y�m��JfcV��GORk.m�Q�W�WXL+� bU~�ORk)ORNPm��xfcOGWXV.L9Qcb��­¬9�¯®°�¯±9��PV5WXzq�GORk.fcm�b0�m��JfMOGk WXLwWUzcm{m+V��9m+Q��GORk.fcm�b�LRp��w�BM¢L�m�|°zcV.TcV.W>WXzcV.b�m��JfcV �ROGknm�Q�~�mR_°knm�W"!Tam�ORQ � , � i OGWXNZV5|hbUfc~7z WXzMO�W�! � � �#! Vnb�t�V)O��9LRQMORk¨�@�<M0zcm�~�L9k.fciyQcbCLRp$! ORNUm�m�V��9m�Q ��Rm�~+WUL9NUb LRp �w�¯� M0zcm+Q�qcªM� �oq�~�ORQ TamNUm��PNUV.WZWXm+Q�ORb�qcªM�%! �&! � � �#!w��! � � qr_CV¨� mR�5_�'! � � q<� ªa� �&! � � �#!j�+�&! � � q<��_eO tcVnO��9L9QMOGk@bgYxbZWXm+i LGpPm��JfMOGWUVnL9Qcb�VnQ�WXzcm��ROGNUV)OGTcknm+b! � � qr�¦M0zcV.b{tcV)Os�9L9QMORkrbgY°bgWXm+i LRp>[]\]^�b{~�OGQ%T<mjV.Q�WXm�NZlcNUm�WXm+t ORb]O NZm�lcNZm�bUm+Q�W7OGWUVnL9QLRp�WUzcmwLRNUV��RVnQMORkCbgYxbZWXm+i �­¬9� �°�+*9�0VnQSWXzcm�TMORbUV.bhLRp�m+V��9m+Q �9m�~�WXL9NZb{LRp � tcm+uMQ�m�t T�YSWUzcm~+L9knfciyQcb]LRp(!y� Qct WXzJfcb+_ebZVnQc~+m O�tcVnO��9L9QMOGkebZYxbgWXm�i LRp�[]\]^�b�V.b{WXzcmbXOGi myORb O~+L9knk.m�~+WUVnL9Q LRpMV.Qctcm+l<m+Qctcm�Q�W�bZ~�ORknORN�[]\]^�b�_���m�m�Qct�fcl��PV.WXz�WXzcm � lcNZL9Tcknm+i b��g¬9�����)L����±hO��xVnQ%��NUm�t�fc~�m+t �­¬9� �°�¯±��PWXL�O�~�L9k.knm+~+WXV.L9Q LGp � bZ~�ORknORN�_ knVnQ�m�ORN+_ ~�LRQcbZWXORQ�W �'~+L°m�p �uM~+Vnm+QJW�iyL°t�m�k�lcNZL9Tck.m�iyb�_��>m�QcL�� m�bgWXVni OGWUm{bZWXORTcVnk.V.W'Y ORQct�bZWUV�¯<Qcm�bZboOGbPp�LRknknL��Pb�U)+*-,/.103254�67*-8:9<;>= ij] \~d�`nt�t�[¢d§d§ge`sWBt�ij_4fx`bc\�b;Y2i�Zrijg q � � �Z� g#ij] ���� � «sv _a`�d�b�[~d§_q\sW�WT[¢ZHin`�?R} b;}J\%b g#i�]N[>\�t }°[¢Y@?%[¢ZHv�\sW#`n[ � i�g¦b;}C[BAs\�t�i��sYu\sZI_q\%b;]KYDC ����� � ��«�EGFHE � W�Y<[�d�Y�ZdKY2�[~b2}H[¦d�bc\�^Y�W�Y#b �w]>[I? Y<ijZ � �<ij]|\%bBW2[>\sd�b�­BYcb2}Y�Zr\a� Y�d�b#\sZHt�[#JBK E$Lijg � ���M(M$N@OP�"Q$RTS:UWV�M(M�Q$XPY5N@O[Z$UW\P]^\IM>S_U�`aS_X bcSed�f_S_g�\INTUWZ$Ohf�]WZiYjSBV�UWQ$Z$kml � �nQ>\PN@V(ND\N@O+o�N@U�Rp]\IS_k-qmO�U�XrShZ�Q$XrS_`�N@f�]WRsX:U�k$SPt"NTR@R�oWS_`auvRTNTw�S_RDuvY$R@U�txQ$gy]WZ$kyU�Y$R@N@\�S_`I]\IS[\�M$SfzU�`�`aS_fz\{OaU�RTQ>\�NTU�Z-l3�{Sz| ]W`ak$NTZ$|h\�M$S#}~|�Q$`aS JBK E$L q>OaS_S7��d�Sz`�f_N@O�Sr��l��>l��>l:��%QOE��OEHARQS;o~S;��9QSEHADC QSG�P<GBA_�1E UD;~�} ^V?JQm� ;<;&�_� QS^K;�� |DTH;�G��$� ^*|z�s�n�k~SG��y�];<EHAKC ?[~SE CBGB~SGB|_�m�9Q�?JQS;���;<ARQf>j� ^K;IB?�~SEHGF|z��CF?a�z��EHA[QS^K; ?J~SCF|z��;<ARQ�P<?BA3�]; ?a���1GRP<E ?JQS;fU[} EHQS^[QS^D; QS^D~S;<; ~S;fU@|KPoQSEHGBA_� 5 �F> �@> � 6��_5 �F> �*> HF6 >$� ^D;��9QS;��5 �B> �*> � 6��_5 �F> �@> � 6 � ?���� ?BEHTVE�� QS^K; ?BPQS|V?BTKUDE��1Po~S;oQSE��f?JQSEHGFA ;o~1~SGB~���GB~�~SGF|DAVU@E ADC�;o~1~SG�~����@~S;��1;<ARQ�E A[QS^D;~�D~SGa�KTH;��?J~S;{Tk?J~SCF;{;<ADGF|DCF^ QS^K?�Q QS^K;'� Pf?BADAKGBQ/�];�PoGFA_�1E U@;o~S;fU EHAz�KAKEMQS;��1E�� ?BT2`@E2> ;F>H`KQS^K;-�];<^V?fI*EHGB~ Ga� ��� E�� AKGBAKTHEHAK;f?J~f>

Page 64: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ���MY���������� ��� ��� ��������������������� � Oa\�N�¯5g$`aU�Y$R@S_X N@O UWZ$ShV�U�`+t"M$NTf MHOI]�\�NTO�V�u�N@Z$| \IM$S fzU�Z$k$ND\INTUWZ$O#UWVn\�M$Sr�{Q>RTShUWV�(M�Q$XPY NTO"XrU�`�S UWV�] M$S_]Wk~]Wf M$S�\IM$]WZ `�S_OaU�R@o�N@Z$|h\IM$S�Q$Z$k>S_`�RDu�NTZ$| O�UWRTQ>\�NTU�Z�� � K� L lGSz`�S ]W`aS OaU�XrS#S�d>]WXrg$RTSzO"\�U NTRTR@Q$Oa\�`I]�\�SG\�M$S�`�S_k>Q$fz\�NTU�Z K ��l��>l�� L� K ��l��>l�� L l

�������������IHKJMLNJ �� � � �����@� �Q��� � 6 ��I 6 I � W � � F�� � ��� ����� � � A & ���)I

� �"!$# � d�d + 6 I � �%# ($�Q+ �;O=!9! # + 6 I �0O=!43

�9����I � 6 I�� � 6 8 � � 6 ��I 5 � ��� A^� �`_ � & �)��I0( �>�K� ��Ak���� �LY �$�9� 6 I E ��� � !$�0O=! !&� �0O=! # ($�"+ �;O=! E"6 _ ��+

��� � ! �'!(# � d"d + 6 I ��� � !43

� I�A 6 � � �;O=! ) ()�"+ �0O=!4# �����)I ��� � !)�;O=! 6 +7+=� ���C� #�� I A]����� � 6 I�� � 7�*�nAn� ��& ��()���*��+ � ��� ��� � !;� E � 6 I ��������������IHKJMLNJ J*� � �� ������ 6 I 6 � 6 ��� f _p�>�K� � F �� &�� �)�

� � !+# � d�d � a �;O=! + 6 I � �,# ($�"+ �;O=!9! # + 6 I �0O=!43

5 �\��I�A ��F 576 ��� � �*�nAn� � � �Q��� � 6 �"I 576 �9� � � 6 �*�$f An� F �)I An�)IQ�v()�Q� $]( 6 �)IQ�R!

��� � ! � !(# � d�d ($�"+ a �;O=!)��� � !.-�(M$SzO�Sr]W`�S[O�f�]�Rp]W`GS�d>]WXrg$RTSzO_l/GU�t SzoWS_`_q�\�M$ShQ$O�Q$]WRs`aS�]WOaU�Z \IM~]�\+]WZ1032#� M$]WO

t"N@k$S_RDu[o�]W`au�N@Z$|#\INTXrS(O�f_]WRTSzO NTO�\IM$]�\cN@\ NTO ] �1����465�7 U�Vmk$N98-Sz`�S_Z \�Np]WR$S;:�Q~]�\IN@U�Z$Ozl=<�V-\�M$SOaU�RTQ>\�NTU�ZBM~]WO � f_UWX:g/U�Z$SzZ�\�O_q$ND\(NTOnZ~]�\IQ>`I]WR/\IM~]�\"OaU�XrS+UWV�\IM$SzX X:]�u SzoWU�R@oWS#XPQ$f MXrU�`�S#`�]Wg$N@k$R@ur\IM~]�Z^UW\�M$S_`aO_l�GSz`�S ]W`aS�\�M$`�SzS�S�d>]WXrg$RTSzO_l�������������IHKJMLNJ?> �A@�B�C'DFE�G�HJI"KFL'H�M MON�E�C'HQPRI�E�C�E�KFE?PRN�SUTVP�N�W�HYX'IFB;Z�N�HQ[

\] �_^?`ba� ^�cda

efO! \] # �Qg�g;ghg

g # �efi\] �_^?`ba

� ^�cdaefkj

Omlon g j �6p j \] �q^r`a� ^�cFa

efks g;t ! \] ��ef - s � - � -vu t

w W�X�XxB;DFHzy{H�G�HQ|6E?G}H�KFL'PRK�P�C�P�|Q|6HJX�KdPRZ'N�H{DbB;N�W}KdE�B;C�PVK O ! �zE�D�PRC�~=T�H�|.KFB;Iqy�E�KFL�� � ^?`ba s ��t #���� `��d�d� �.�3�PRC'G�� � ^�cFa s ��t #�� � ` �����O��B�I�DFB�[�H��z��g'� ��� s �;� �'� u t�E�D�DbB;N�T;HQG�Z�~�P���KdL�B�I�G}HJI�N�E�C�HQP�IO[�W'N�KdE�DbKFHQX��B�Id[�W�N?P�y�E�KdL�KFE�[�HODbKFHQX����}KFL�H �_^?`ba P�C'G �_^�cda |JB�[�X B;C�HJC�K�D�G}HQ|JB�W�X�N�HY|6B;[�X'N�HJKFHJN�~�� DbB�KFL'HYIFH�DbW�N�KdD� ^D; �9QS;&� 5 �F> �@> � 6��.5 �B> �*> � 6 � ?�� �2?BEHT!E�� QS^D;�UD;<Az�1EHQ@� G�� QSE���;��9QS;��_� E�� ADGBQ T ?�~SCF;�P<Ga�3�V?�~S;<U } EMQS^ QS^K;�QSE���;�1Pf?�TH;�GFA } ^KEHP^�� 5?�16 IF?J~SEH;�� 5r  > WD>R¡OEHCB^V?a� �f�F��¢ 6 >�� ^K;j�VAKEMQS;j�1E �o;�Ga�ZQS^K; QSE���;/�9QS;��_� ?BT��1G[E��3�KTHEH;���QS^K?�Q E��?�A ;<EHCF;<A*IB?BTH|K; U@~SE��dQ�� GF|@Q��1EkU@;{QS^K;��9Q�?a�DE THEMQT� ~S;<CFEHGFA(�dGB~{?��1^DGB~1Q-�];o~SEHG*U�`VQS^D;�;~1~SGB~�C�~SGf} QS^XEMQ Pf?B|z�1;��-� ?���];3��� ?�T T�;<ADGF|KCB^vAKG�Q�QSG(� ?�Q1QS;o~f>�£!EHAV?�T T��R`!QS^D;3�9QS;�� 5 �B> �*> � 6��_5 �F> �@> H 6 � ?��(� ?BEHT EHA QS^D;�Pf?a�1;�} ^K;~S;[QS^K;� ?JQ1~SE¥¤�¦ E����2?�~/�d~SGa�¨§�©Qªb«Y¬�­ ® E2> ;F>H`]EMQ�� ;oE CB;<A*I ;<PoQSG�~���?J~S;�� ?�~/�d~SGa� G�~1QS^KGFCBGFAK?BT2>�� A QS^KE�� P<?a�1;�QS^K;�� ?�Q1~SEv¤¯ E�� E THTML%P<GFAKUDEMQSEHGFAD;fU ?BAVU E Az�9Q�?a�DE THEMQSEH;��m� ?�� ?�~SE��1;�;<IF;<A QS^KGB|KCB^ QS^K;����];<PoQ1~S|z��G��_¦ THE ;&��EHA QS^K;��9Q�?a�DE THEMQT�~S;<CBEHGFA °VEHQj�];<P<Ga��;�� AK;<P<;&���S?�~�� QSG�PoGFA_�1E U@;o~ QS^D;�±�²d³F´�µ�©Q²�±;³¶d·rª�¬ Ga�_¦+?�� }�;<THT 5r  > WD>�¡ EHCF^V?���?BAVUo¸�> ¹ > �O>H`�<�F��¢ 6 >�� ^K;��1; ;dº ;<PoQ���Ga��ADGFADL%ADGB~�� ?BTHEMQT��} EHTHT��]; UDE��1P<|_���1;<U EHA�»�»��D> �.¼I�D> H `K?BAKU�QS|D~SA[GB|DQ�QSG��];/�K?�~1QSEHP<|DTk?J~ST��E��3�]GB~1Q�?�ARQ[EHA QS^K; A@|z��;o~SEHPf?BT>�1GFTH|DQSEHGFA Ga� QSE���;oL7UD;��];<AKUD;<ARQ,½  �¾ ��� �#���];<PoQ1~�?�T~��;oQS^KG*U��<`�U@E��1P<|_���1;fU EHA¿ ^K?a�DQS;~O�*>

Page 65: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� w ��������� ��� ��� �����������������������E�C�HQP;|�L�|JB�[�XxB�C�HQC;K=y�E�N�N ZxH�KFL�B�DbH���B;I=KFL�Ho|6B;IFIdHQDFXxB�C'G}E�C�� [�B}G}HQN�H���W'PRKFE�B�C s ��� u � ;t6� � B�B�Z}K�PRE�C'^�cFa DFW���|6E�HJC�KdN�~3P�|Q|6W�I�PVKdHJN�~�� y�H�C�HJH�G&� !� s � `���� t.����W�K,KdB�B�Z�KdPRE�C ^?`ba DbW���|JE�HQC;KdN�~3P;|J|6W'IdPRKFHJN�~��E��_KFL�H=��B;IF[�W�N?POL'P;D�P�DbKdP�Z�E�N�E�K~�IFH���E�B�C�B����'C'E�KdH=DFE��JH=N�E���H,KFL'H��zW�N�HJI{��B�Id[�W�N?P���y{H=C�HJH�G��oKFB�Z H=B;CKFL�HYB;IdG�HJI"BR�"�Qg ��� ���3B�DK�N�E��;HJN�~oKFL'E�D�E?D P�[�W |�L�KdE��;L;KdHJI�IdHQDbKFIdE�|6KFE�B�C*��������������! �"�#�"�$ � � L�HYN�E�C�H�PRI�X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[

\] �_^?`a�_^�cFa

ef%! \] #'& (

� #'&ef \] �_^?`a

�_^�cFaef j \] �q^?`ba

�q^�cdaef s g;t ! \] �

�ef s � - � - ��t

E�D�B;C�N�~(DbW'X HQI)� |JE�P�N�N�~�N�HQDdD�KFIdE�T�E?PRNU� � L�H3HQE��;HJC�TVPRN�W�HQD�B��%KFL'H3[�PRKFIdE+*(P�IFH�PRX'X�IFB,*}E�[oPVKFHQN�~ # � - �;gPRC'G # g - ��g�-}E�� ( PRC'G ��P�IFHY|�L'P�C���H�G KFB & - g'�=P�C'G+� - ����KdL�HJ~�Z H�|6B;[�H�PRX�X�IdB,*}E�[oPRKFHJN�~ # � - �.�����.��gPRC'G # g - g�g;g�g���g��0/%D=P�IdHQDFW�N�K,KdL�E?DYDb~}DbKFHJ[ y�E�N�N�H1*}X HQIFE�HJC'|JH�P�|6B;C'DbKFI�PRE�C;K�B�C �32W'DbKYN�E���H�KFL'PRK�B���4*�PR[�X�N�H���� ��� & ��B�I�y{B�I�DFH���������������! �"�#�"65 � � L�HYC�B�C'N�E�C�HQP�I'7089�

\] �q^?`ba�q^�cda

ef%! \] #��_^?`aU�_^�cda

|JB;D s �_^?`a t # H1*}X s �_^�cda tef

L'P�D;:�P�|JB�Z�E?PRC [oPVKFIdE�*< !$# \] �q^�cda �_^?`ba

DFE�C s �q^r`a t H1*�X s �_^�cFa tef -

= H�PRI P�X B;E�C�K % y�E�KdL �q^?`ba s % t ! g�P�C'G �q^�cda s % t�> ����KdL�HY[oPVKdIFE�*�E?D G}E?P?��B;C'PRNmy�E�KFL3y�E?G}HJN�~�G}E�@mHJIdE�C��HJE���HQC�TVP�N�W�H�DJ�}P�C'G KFL�HYZxHJL'P�T�E�B�I"y�E�N�N*X'IFB;Z'PRZ�N�~oZxHODKdE+@ �<�Zr|�S_Z$Sz`I]WR'q�]#Oau�Oa\�S_X UWV"032#� OO� � FBA K �DC � L NTO3R@NTwWSzR@u7\IU�YjS(O�\IN98 ]�\c]#gjUWNTZ \O� F�FE�q � F � E#N@Vs\�M$S S_NT|WS_Z o�]WRTQ$SzOGU�V � K �GE�C � E L k>N 8jS_`"|�`�S_]�\IRDu NTZ^XB]�|�Z$N@\�Q$k$S�q~S_O�g/S_fzNp]WR@R@u

NDV \�M$S Rp]�`�|�SvSzNT|�SzZ oW]�RTQ$SzO M~]�o�S Z$S_|�]�\INDo�S `�S_]WR+g~]�`a\IO OaU5\IM~]�\ \�M$S f_UW`�`�SzO�g/U�Z$k$N@Z$|OaU�RTQ>\�NTU�Z fzU�XrgjU�Z>S_Z \IO(\ISzZ$k \IUrk$NTS�]�tn]�u `�]Wg$N@k$R@uWl� U:OaU�R@oWS O�\IN98 g$`�UWY$RTSzX:O"S;8jS_f�\INDo�S_RDu�q~U�Z>S Z>S_S_k>O k$N@O�f_`aSz\�S�032#�1V�UW`�XPQ$RT]WOnt"ND\IMRT]W`�|�SrOa\I]WY$N@RTN@\�uv`�S_|WNTU�Z$Ozlk�(M>SBg~]W`�\IN@f_Q$RT]W`�O�M~]Wg/S UWVn\IM$S:Oa\ ]�Y$NTR@N@\�u `�Sz|�NTUWZH`aS�:�Q$NT`aS_kt"N@RTR k$S_g/S_Z$kyU�Zv\�M$Shg$`�UWY$RTSzX^qjY$Q>\ ]WO�] `aQ$RTS�q-\IM$ShXrU�O�\#NTXrgjUW`a\ ]�Z�\Gg$`aU�gjSz`a\�u UWZ$St U�Q$R@k5RTNTw�S:N@O[V�U�` \IM$S O�\ ]WY>NTRTND\�u `�Sz|�NTU�Zy\IUvN@Z$f_R@Q$k$S ]^Rp]W`a|�S:g$]W`a\hU�V(\IM$S R@SzV�\[M~]WR@VIHg$RT]WZ$S�l K�J M uh\�M$SGR@SzV�\ M~]�R@VIH�g>Rp]WZ$S�KML�S_SG�sd�S_`�fzNTOaS7��l�N>l��>l L �(M$S(V�U�RTR@U�t"N@Z$|+k$S�}~Z$ND\INTUWZ$O]W`aS�Oa\ ]�Z$k~]W`akPO

QSRUTUVXW�Y[Z]\M^�R`_�TUab_cWedgf`h�Zi\M^[RjYkTla �]m,n.o�prq0s�t Tlfu_�vFWwab_xYzy[TlRUT`_|{}Z�WI?~T)h�V��.h�VX_xY[TlVza�_�vXWW�VX_�TlZ�W�R�W�fc_Xv�Y[RUf��ldGRjY�VFW �{S;�E����z�9� _XTUa � K)� L m,n.o�prq0s�tz� ��� K � C��D�~� L � TUf;_)vFW�ab_xYzy�TURUT`_|{Z�WI?~T)h�VB�.h�VX_xY[TlVza�_)vFW�TUVr�zVzTx_eW�a?Wb��_eh�Z�� ]�`�|��E3� � � � � ��� _�Tla��PK � L m�n.o�pzq0s�t TUf�Tx_�TUa�hK�� L �)a�_xYry[R)W]f`h�Z�a?h�\MW���� �z�

Page 66: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� w ��������� ��� ��� ��������������������� ��"U�Q$|�M>R@uvOagjS_]Ww�NTZ$|>q�]�Z � H�O�\ ]WY$R@SPV�U�`�X[Q$Rp]Bt"N@RTRsg/S_`�V�U�`�X tnSzRTR3U�ZH]WR@X:U�O�\#]WZ u O�\IN 8g$`aU�Y$R@S_X K ]WZ$k UWV fzU�Q$`�OaS ]WRTOaUhU�Z Z$U�Z H�Oa\�N 8vg>`�U�Y$R@S_XrO_q>]�\(O�UWX:S#fzU�Oa\"N@Z S�d�\I`�]ht U�`awg/S_`h\IN@X:SBOa\ISzg L l��GZ �PK � L H�Oa\I]WY$R@S V�U�`�XPQ>Rp] t"NTR@Rng/S_`�V�U�`�X tnSzRTR(U�Z%Oa\�N 8 g$`aU�Y$R@S_XrOt"M$UWO�S fzU�XrgjU�Z>S_Z \cX:U�k$S_OcS�d�M$N@Y$N@\cSed>g/U�Z$SzZ \INp]�R/k>S_f�]�u K Z>S_| ]�\�N@oWS{`aS�]WR�SzNT|�SzZ�o�]WR@Q$S_O LY$Q�\7Z>UW\ U�O�fzNTRTRT]�\IN@U�Z K NTX:]W|�NTZ$]W`au^S_N@|�S_Z o�]WRTQ>S_O L l 2+N@O�fz`�Sz\�N��_]�\IN@U�Z$O+UWVng~]W`�]WYjUWRTNTfP]WZ$kM u�gjSz`�Y/U�RTN@fGg$]W`a\�Np]WR�k$N98-Sz`�S_Z \�Np]WR�S�:�Q~]\INTUWZ$O_q�`�S_OagjSzfz\�N@o�SzR@uWq�t"NTR@R�g$`�U�o�NTk$SG|�U�U�k:S�d>]WX�Hg$R@S_O"UWV \IM$SzO�S�\�tnUrO�ND\IQ~]\INTUWZ$O<Rp]\IS_`(N@Z \IM$S�Y/U�U�w�l

�sN@|�Q$`�S ��l���l@�(OaM$U�tnSzkr\�M~]�\ Y/UW\IMP\�M$S(Y~]Wf w tn]W`�k:�3Q$RTSz` ]WZ$kP\I`�]Wg/S��_UWNTkPV�U�`aXPQ$Rp]�O]W`aS � H�O�\ ]WY$R@SWlo�(M$N@O OaS_S_XrO SzZ$f_UWQ$`I]W|WNTZ$|$b/g/S_`�M$]Wg$OG\�UBg$RT]�u N@\{OI]�V�S�q/t SPf_]WZ OaNTXrg$R@uQ$OaS � H�Oa\I]WY$RTS�V�U�`aXPQ$Rp]�O ]WR@Rm\IM$S7\INTXrS�K Q>\ \�M$S7V�U�R@RTU�t"NTZ>| V ]�X:U�Q>OG\IM>S_U�`aS_X O�M$U�t"O\�M~]�\(\IM$]�\{gjU�R@NTf�uBN@O<\IU�UrR@NTXrN@\�NTZ$|zO

� � y������������ x������ � m � m ��� �9x��fm�� � ��!"! � �#!$&% t#')(�t#* +),-+#./,10 vXW h�Z32zW�Z h�f0Y �.��^�Z,Y ��{!h�f�Y[V TU\ dGRUT���T`_'����a�_`Yzy[R�W]RUTUVXW�Y[Z3\ ^�RI�_�TUab_cWed f`h�Z�\M^�RIY�a�Yr_)TUai�XW�a5476 � � Q�V WaC�dGRUT���Tx_3RlTUVFW?Y[Z \M^[Rx_�Tla�_eWcd f`h�Zi\ ^�RjY �?Y[VzVFh�_yzW�� �)a�_`Yzy[R)W �

8 Z�h�h�f � K 2#]�M$RU:�Q$N@Oa\�q�9 � 0 �;:m�m� L l=<?>�@BA�CEDFA�G�HJI�A-AKDMLON�~U�`�O�Sz`�N@U�Q$O f_U�Xrg$Q>\I]�\IN@U�Z$O_q�OaS_f_UWZ$k H�UW`�k$Sz`s]Wfzf_Q$`�]Wfzu N@O U�V�\IS_Z Z$UW\ |�U�U�k SzZ$U�Q$|WMml�(M$N@OPNTO t"M u Y~]Wf w tn]W`�k>Ohk$N 8jS_`aS_Z \INT]�\IN@U�ZHV�U�`aXPQ$RT]WO[]�`�S OaU NTXrgjU�`�\ ]WZ \_lP�~U�`[]WRTR UWV

\�M$ShM$NT|WM$S_`cH�U�`ak$S_`Q�Gk~]WXrO V�U�`�X[Q$Rp]WOzq-\IM>SrO�\ ]WY>NTRTND\�u `�S_|WNTU�Z$O+]W`�ShY/U�Q$Z$k>S_kmq�Y$Q>\�\�M$SY~]�f w�tn]W`ak$O k$N98-Sz`�S_Z \�Np]�\�NTU�Z V�U�`�X[Q$Rp]WOr]W`aS �PK � L H�O�\ ]WY$R@S V�U�` 4R6 �>lTS U^U�Oa\BUWV+\�M$SOaUWV�\�t<]�`�S#NTZBQ$O�S+\�U�k~]�urV�U�`nO�\IN98 U�`ak$NTZ$]W`au:k$N 8jS_`aS_Z \INT]WR/S�:�Q~]�\�NTU�Z$OnNTOnY$]WO�Szk UWZ \IM$SzO�SV�U�`aXPQ$RT]WO_q \IM>U�Q$|�M �"Q$Z$|WS�HWV#Q>\a\ ][XrSz\�M$U�k$O<]W`aS+]WR@O�U7f_U�Z \ISzZ$k$Sz`�O K OaS_S+\�M$S Z$Sed�\(O�Szf�H\�NTU�Z L lX S_f�]�Q$O�S7UWV=�(M$SzU�`�SzX ��l�N�q$\IM$S Q$OI]�Y$RTS�Y~]Wf w tn]W`�k>O+k$N 8jS_`aS_Z \INT]�\IN@U�Z V�U�`aXPQ$Rp]�O]W`aS�U�Z$R@u:\IM$UWO�S#t"N@\�M 4Y6 ��lY<�Z^g$`�]Wfz\�NTfzSWq~O�UWX:S#fzU�k$SzO"`�S_O�\I`aNTfz\G]�\a\ISzZ�\�NTU�Z \�U 4Y6[Z l0 VmfzU�Q$`�OaSG\�M$S_`aS ]W`aS ]�k$U\�zS_Z:g$`I]Wf�\IN@f�]WR~N@O�O�Q>S_OnU�Vmf_UWX:g$Q�\ ]�\�NTU�ZhV�U�` Oa\�N 8k032#�3O\�M~]�\Pt S M~]�o�S Z>UW\P\IUWQ$f M$S_k Q$g/U�Z5M$Sz`�S�l[��UW`[S�d>]WXrg$R@SWq3M$U�t k$U�S_OPU�Z>S O�U�RDo�S \�M$SZ$UWZ$RTN@Z$S�]W`sS�:�Q~]�\�NTU�Z$Oc]�\cS_]Wf Mr\�NTXrS(Oa\�S_g�K K �(M$S{]WZ$O�tnSz` N@OcN@Z oW]�`�Np]�Y$R@u O�UWX:S(V�U�`aX UWV]{Szt(\IUWZ/^�O(XrSz\�M$U�kmb>OaS_S+\IM>S+`�S�V�S_`�SzZ$f_SzO_l L �(M$S#O�\ ]�\�S+UWV�OaUWV�\�t<]�`�S+V�U�`<O�\IN98 g$`aU�Y$R@S_XrON@O[M$N@|�M$R@uH]Wk�oW]�Z$f_Szkmq ]WOPN@OP]WR@O�U \�`�Q$SBV�UW`[Z$U�Z�H�Oa\�N 8%g$`aU�Y$RTSzX:Ozl_� Z$UWZ H�O�\IN 81O�UWR@o�Sz`]Wg>g$RTN@S_k \�U ] Oa\�N 8Hg$`�U�Y>RTS_X t"NTR@R�\�u�g>NTf�]�RTR@u |�S�\+\IM>SP`�N@|�M \#]WZ$O�tnSz`_q�Y$Q>\+N@\ t"N@RTR�\ ]�wWSSed>fzS_OaO�N@oWS_RDuHOaXB]�RTRs\�NTXrSPOa\�S_g$Ozl`U ]WZ u OaQ$f MifzU�k$SzO�NTZ$fzU�`�g/U�`I]\IShk$S�o�N@f_SzO \�U^k$S�\ISzfz\\�M~]�\7Oa\IN98-Z>S_O�O7NTO g$`�SzO�SzZ�\h]WZ$k5]WR@S_`�\ \�M$SBQ>O�S_`7\IU^\�M~]�\ V ]Wfz\_qsU�` NTZyO�UWX:S:f�]WOaS_O_q�\IU\�`�NT|W|�S_`(]�Z ]WQ�\IU�X:]�\IN@f f M~]�Z$|�S�\IUr]hOa\IN98 O�UWRTQ>\�NTU�Z XrSz\�M$U�k-l

acbdacegfihkj#alj

monOprqBpsnOp7t IFBVT;H%KdL'PVK"KdL�HODK�PRZ�E�N�E�K~ IFH���E�B�C�B�� P�C�~oHc*}X�N�E�|JE�K N�E�C'HQPRI�[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX���B�Id[�W�N?P�E�D"ZxB�W'C'G}HQG*�:�£KG�~#u�v{�Ow �Ow �3wyx QS^D;{IF?�T |D;�� Ga�{z EHA*I GBT IF;fU ?J~S;�?a�_�@~SG.¤DE�� ?JQS;<T�� �kx}|R`B~��}|@`���¢k|@`Z�<�}|@>��*;<;�£!EHCF|@~S; �B> ~*> �D>

Page 67: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ��� w ��������� ��� ��� ��������������������� �monOprqBp �Ep w W�X'X B�DbH���E��;W�IFH ��� ���vMoL'P;G3ZxHJHJC�Z'P;DbH�G3B�C&KFL�H�HJIdIFB;I�� s M�t # |6B;D s M;tJ� E�C DKdHQP�G&BR��� s ��t #|6B�D s ��tJ�����,W'PRN�E�KdPVKdE�T;HJN�~�DFX H�P?��E�C��'�}L�BVyky�B;W�N�G�KFL'HYX�N�B�K�L'P�T�H=ZxHJHJC3G}E�@mHJIdHJC�K��monOprqBp�Bp� L'PRKOE�DYDFX H�|6E?PRN P�Z B;W}K=KFL�H�N�H6�rKOL'P�N��rS�X�N?PRC�H�KFL PVKY[oP?��H�D�E�K�P�X�X H�PRI=E�C&KdL�H�G}Hc� C�E�KdE�B;C B��� S�DK�PRZ�E�N�E�K~ � / T;B�E?G�PRC�P�C'DFy�HQI ��W�N�NmBR�*y"P��oH�-�y�IFE�KFH%Ky�B�B�I�KFL�IdHJH%DFHJC�KdHJC'|JHQDzKFL'PRK�L�E�K�KdL�H%C PRE�N B;CKFL�HYL'HQP�G*�

monOprqBp�Bp � L�H���W�N�H�B�� � L�W�[�Z BR�zXq� u g�[�HJC�KdE�B;C'D KdL�HoG}E?DK�PRC'|JH s �'t ��IdB�[ KdL�H�DK�PRZ�E�N�E�K~�IFH���E�B�C*��4*}X�N?PRE�C y�L'HJIdH,KdL�E?DP����W'IFHY|6B;[�HQD{��IdB�[���XxHJIdL'PRX'D"y�E�KFL�KdL�HOPRE?G�BR��P�C�Hc*�PR[�X�N�H�� L�~�E?D�E�K s ��tIdPRKFL�HQI"KFL'P�C*��DdP�~�� s � c t{B;I s � `��dc t��

monOprqBp���p�� HJIdHYE�D�P�DFHQ|JB�C'G�S�B�I�G}HQI�E�C�E�KFE?PRN�SUTVPRN�W�HYX�IdB�Z'N�HQ[��� �r� s % t ! |6B�D s % � � s % tbt�� s � s % tbt c � % j � s g;t ! � j � � s g�t ! g -

����� ��HQy�IFE�KFH=E�K%P�D�P��'I�DKFSUB;IdG�HJI{E�C�E�KFE?PRN�S�T�P�N�W'HYX�IFB;Z�N�HJ[ B���G}E�[�HJC'DFE�B;C/M}��! �� IFE�KFH�G�BVy�C KdL�H�X�IdHQ|JE�DFH���B�Id[�W'N�P�W'DFHQG�KdB3B�Z}K�PRE�C #"%$_` PVKOH�P�|�L�DbKFHJX�E��"KFL�E?DOE�C�E�KFE?PRN�SUTVP�N�W�HX�IdB�Z�N�HJ[¨E�D DFB�N�T�H�G�Z�~oKdL�HODbH�|6B;C'G�S�B�I�G}HJI;/%G'PR[oDSj�"P�DFL}��B�IFKFL���B�Id[�W�N?P���'&(� IFE�KFHOG}BVy�C KFL'H�M*)OM�:�P�|JB�Z�E?PRC [oPVKFIdE�* < ��B;I"KFL�HODF~}DKdHJ[ ����� �

monOprqBp,+ p /%C�P�DbKFIdB�C�B;[�HJI�G}HQ|JE�G�HQD KdBYW'DbH P=C'B�C}S�DKdE+@�7089��DFB�N�T�HQI�KFBOX�IdHQG�E�|6K�KFL�H [�B�KFE�B�C�BR� :�W'X�E�KdHJIPRIdB�W�C G KFL�H�DFW�C(BVT;HJI�P&X HQIFE�B}G B����Qg'� g;g�g3~;HQPRI�DQ� w PRKFW�IdC([�W'DKo|6HQIbK�PRE�C�N�~�ZxH�E�C'|JN�W G}HQG E�C(KFL�H|JP�N�|JW�N�PRKFE�B�C�E��qL�E���L P�|J|JW�I�P�|6~�E?D�G}H�DbE�IdHQG��}PRC G = HQX}KFW�C'H�P�C'G.-%IdP�C�W D [�E��;L�K"P;Dzy{HJN�N ZxH,KFL�IdBVy�C�E�C��B�I ��B�B}GY[�HQP�DFW�IdH�� = BVy y�L'PVK PRZxB�W}Kz�/PRI�DJ�,�zP�IbKdL*��/�HJC�W'DQ�VPRC'G��/HJI�|6W�Id~ �10�C'|JN�W'G�E�C��%KFL�H�DbH�E�C'C�HJIX�N?PRC�HJKdD�y�E�N�NqE�[�X�IdBVT�H�KFL'H�P�|Q|6W�I�P�|J~�DbN�E��;L�KFN�~���Z�W�K%E�K,y�E�N�N*E�C'|6IdHQP;DbH�KFL'H�|6B�DK B��_KdL�HO|6B;[�X'W}KdPRKFE�B�C*��zDbKFE�[oPVKFHYP;D�P�|J|JW�I�PVKFHQN�~�P;D"~�B;W�|QPRC KFL�HYI�PVKdE�B�Z�~�y�L�E?|�L�E�K y�E�N�N�E�C'|6IdHQP;DbH,KFL'HO|6B�[�X�W�KdPVKdE�B;C�KFE�[�HB�C�P�DbHQIFE?PRN*|JB�[�X�W}KdHJI�� s 2 IsL\A(3 ~;B�W�I{�9P�T�B;IFE�KFHYP�N�[oPRC P�|,B�I�HJC |6~}|6N�B�XxHQG}E?P�[oP�~�|6B�[�HYE�C�L'PRC'G�~��vt

monOprqBp54kp / N�E�C�H�PRI�[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX&��B�Id[�W�N?P�E?D � S�DK�PRZ�N�H�� L'PRK=|QPRC&~;B�W&|JB�C'|JN�W G}H�P�Z B;W}K,KdL�H�IFB�BRK�D%B��6s7 t8�

monOprqBprqBp�9 � L;:;D H=<"@�>E@�? & I@>,> � A @}H p � L�H{H���W'PRKFE�B�C�� � �r� !+#�� � s � #,�mc t � � �?��C�BVy�C�P�DqKFL�H*/ PRC�G}HJI t B�NH���W'PRKFE�B�C*��IFHQX�IdHQDFHJC�KdD P�DbE�[�X�N�H%L'P�IF[�B�C'E�|�B�DF|JE�N�N?PVKFB;I�KFB�y�L�E?|�L�L'P�DzZ HQHJC�P�G�G}H�G�PYC�B;C�N�E�C�H�PRIzKFHJId[KFL'PRK�E�C�KFIdB�G�W'|6H�DOXxB;DFE�KdE�T;H�G�PR[�X�E�C��&��B�I�� � ��� � PRC'G�C'H1�;PRKFE�T�H�G�P�[�X�E�C��3��B�I3� � ��� ��� w B;N�W�KFE�B�C'DKFB KFL�E?D�H���W'PRKFE�B�C&P�X�X�IdB;P�|�L3N�E�[�E�KO|6~}|6N�HQD,BR�X�'C�E�KFHoPR[�X�N�E�KdW'G}H;�*PRC'G&E����=E?D�Db[oPRN�NU�mKFL�H�B;Dd|6E�N�N?PVKdE�B;CE�D%|�L'PRI�P�|6KFHJIdE��JHQG Z�~�XxHJIdE�B}G�D BR��DbN�BVyA|�L PRC��;H�X'W�C'|.KdW'PVKdHQG�Z�~ DFL�B;IbK E�C�KFHJIdTVPRN?D G}W�IdE�C��oy�L�E?|�L � s % tDby�E�C���D"IdP�X�E�G�N�~o��IdB�[¨X B�DbE�KFE�T�H�KFBoC'H1�;PRKFE�T�H�B�I�Z'P;|x��P?��PRE�C*������ ��H�G}W'|6H�KFL�HA/ P�C G}HJI t B�N�Hi�;W PVKFE�B�C KdB/P/DF~�DbKFHQ[ B��F� IdDbKbS�B�I�G}HJI�7080�zDQ� PRC'G�|JB�[�X�W}KdHoKFL�H

:�P�|6B;Z�E?PRC�[oPRKFIdE+*�B��_KdL�E?D Db~}DbKFHQ[���! �� L'PRK%|JPRC�~�B;W�DdP�~�PRZxB�W�K�KFL�HODbKFE�@xC'HQDdD�BR�_KFL�E?D�X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[A�

monOprqBp�B�pDC E�T;HJC��FE ����DbW'X�X B�DbH%~�B�WoDFB�N�T�H P�CoE�C�E�KFE?PRN�S�T�P�N�W'H X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[ E�C�T;B�N�T�E�C��=KdL�H N�E�C�H�PRI�H���W'PVKdE�B;C� � !(# � � �;G s % t6�;y�L'HJIdH � E�D"P�|6B;C'DK�PRC�KG*)�O[oPRKFIdE+*�y�E�KFL�HJE���HQC�TVP�N�W�H�D%�;�}� � `)�dc ��PRC'G � � ` �}PRC GGs% t{E?D P�DbN�BVy�N�~;S�TVPRId~�E�C���T�H�|.KdB�I{��W�C'|6KFE�B�C3BR� G}E�[�HQC'DFE�B;C '�IH B�W3DFB�N�T�H,KFL�E?D�Hi�;W PVKFE�B�C�Z�~�P�N�E�C'HQPRI[�W�N�KFE?DbKFHJX�X�IdB��;IdP�[ KFL'PRK E�D�DF[oPRIFK�HJC�B;W���L�KFBYTVPRId~=KFL'H DKdHJXoDbE��JH�P;G�PRX}KdE�T;HJN�~�P�D E�K E�C;KdH1�;IdPRKFHQDQ�RPRC G~�B;W�IP��B;P�N E?D{KFBo|JB�[�X�W}KdH,KdL�HYDbB;N�W�KFE�B�C � s ��t{P�|J|JW�I�PVKFH,KFB�y�E�KFL�E�C3PRC P�Z'DFB�N�W}KFH=HJIdIdB�I{B�C�KdL�H=B�I�G}HJIBR�*JKE ��� � BVy1[oPRC�~3KdE�[�H�DbKFHJX D s B�I�G}HQI�B���[oP?�;C�E�KFW'G}H���W'C'|.KdE�B;C'D=BR�LJ�P�C'G �.t�y�E�N�N�ZxHoC�HQHQG}H�GE��zKFL�H�X�IFB.��I�PR[ W'DbH�D ����� KFL�H�DbH�|6B;C'G�S�B�I�G}HJI'/,G�PR[oDbSI�/B�W�N�KFB;C3[�HJKFL�B}G���P�C'G �M �� KdL�H�KdL�E�IdG�S�B�I�G}HQI

/%G�P�[oDSj�3B�W'N�KdB�C�[�HJKFL�B}GN� s2 IsL\A(3 ZxHO|JP�IFHJ��W�NMO t

m P PQ QQQ nOprqBpsn�R;p�S L�@}LN> IsL�D � HL? A I,TVU*WYX pNZ\[^]`_�aba*c�_#d8e

Page 68: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ����� ������������� ����������������� ��� ������������� �������! #"%$

&('�)*',+.-0/21436587 -:9�9<; = 3>9@?BA*CEDF E�C�H�PRI�[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX ��B�Id[�W�N?P�D�IdHJX�IdHQDFHJC�K�B�C�H�Hc*�KFIdHJ[�HHG�B;C�H���W�C |.KFE�B�C HJTVP�N�W'PRKFE�B�C X HQI�KFE�[�HDKdHJX%G�PRC G�� W�C���HJSJI=W�KbKdP�[�H6KdL�B}G�D�IdHJX�IdHQDFHJC�K"KFL'HYBRKFL'HJI�� � L�HJ~�PRIdHLKNM�OQPJRTSJOVU�WYX[Z�\]S_^`RTSJacbdO"[�HJKFL}SB}G�DJ��E�C�y�L�E?|�L�G s � j % tq[oP�~YZxH�HJTVPRN�W'PRKFHQG�PVK PRC�~YC�W�[�Z HQI�BR��RTSVaQbeOTR_E�C�KFL'H{X'IFB}|6H�DFD�B��[��HJKbKdE�C��,��IdB�[

#" KFB "�$_` �mZ�W}K�KFL�B�DbH�DK�P?��H�D%P�IFHOE�C�KFHQIF[�HQG�E�PRKFH�HQTVPRN�W'PVKdE�B;C'D�KdL'PVK=PRIdH�C�HQT�HJI,W'DFHQG/P��;PRE�C*�'/,D,PIFH�DbW'N�K�� � W�C���HJSJI=W�KbKdP�[�HJKFL�B}G�D�PRIdH�B��rKFHQC/[�B�IdH�DK�PRZ�N�HOKdL'PRC N�E�C�H�PRI%[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX/��B;IF[�W�N?P�DQ�'Z�W}KYPVKKFL�H"X�IdE?|6H{BR� [�B;IFH{y�B;I��=XxHJI KdE�[�H�DKdHJX*� � L�HQ~=KFHJC GOKdB�ZxH"HQP;DbE�HJI_KFB=E�[�X'N�HQ[�HQC�K�KdL'PRC�N�E�C�H�PRI [�W'N�KdE�SDKdHJX���B�Id[�W�N?P�DQ�;DFE�C |6H=DK�PRIFKFE�C��OTVPRN�W�HQD{PRIdH%C'BRK�IdH���W�E�IdHQG���Z�W}K"L'PRI�G}HQI KFB�PRC PRN�~b�QH�� � L�HQDFH%[�HJKFL�B}G�Dy�HQIFH0�'I�DbK�G�HJT�HQN�B;X H�G P�|JHJC�KFW�Id~�P���B�Z�~.��W�C��;H s �cf.� & t.� � HQW�C s �i��g�g�t.�}PRC G6I=W�KbKdP s ����g'��t6�0�C�KFL'E�D%Z B�B�� y�HYy�E�N�NqC�B�K%G}E�Dd|6W DFD � W�C���HJSJI=W�KbKdP�[�HJKFL�B}G�D%E�C/P�C�~ G}H6K�PRE�Nl-xy�HY[�HQIFHQN�~ N�E?DK%P��HJy+BR�{KFL'HJ[��_ZxHJN�BVyY� PRC'G DbKdPVKdH�Ky�B�KdL�HJB;IFHQ[oD=y�E�KdL�B�W}K�X�IFB�B��� � L�E?DYE?DYC�BRK�Z H�|JPRW DbH�KdL�HJ~�PRIdHN�H�DFD�E�[�X B;IbK�PRC�K�KFL'P�C N�E�C�HQP�I�[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX�[�H6KFL'B�G'DJ��Z�W}K�[�HJIdHJN�~�KFB��;HJHJX(KFL�H/Dd|JP�N�H�BR�,KFL�H�ZxB�B��[oPRC'P���HQP�Z�N�H��*��B�IFKFW'C'PVKdHJN�~���KdL�HO��W'C'G�PR[�HQC;K�PRN�|6B�C |6HJX�KdD B�� DK�PRZ�E�N�E�K~��xP�|Q|6W�I�P�|J~ PRC G3|6B�C�T;HJI`��HJC |6HPRIdH=[�W'|�L�KFL'HODFP�[�H=��B;I ��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P�P�D"��B;I�N�E�C�HQP�I [�W'N�KdE�DbKFHQX ��B;IF[�W�N?P�DQ� � L�HOG}H6K�PRE�N�D%PRIdH���W�E�KFHG}E�@xHQIFHQC;K��}L�BVy{HJT�HQIQ��PRC G���W�E�KFH��9P�Dd|6E�C'PRKFE�C��'��E�C�T;B�N�T�E�C���P�IFHQ[�P�I��VP�Z�N�H,Z�N�HJC'G BR��E�G}H�P�D{BR� |6B;[�Z�E�C'PVSKFB;IFE?|JD{PRC'Gu��I�PRX�L�KdL�HJB;IF~;�=�'B�I{E�C���B�Id[�PRKFE�B�C*��DFHJH KdL�H�Z B�B��}D�Z�~3�{W}K�|�L�HJI"PRC GoZ�~ � PRE�IdHJI�� =hg IdDFH6KFKQ�PRC'G PRC�C�HQIQ���W�C���H6SVI=W}KFKdP���B�Id[�W�N?P�D�KdHJC'G KFBoZxH>ibC'BRK�T�HQIF~oW�C'E���W�Hkj��I0�� y�HYG}H1�'C�H

l ! C�W�[�Z HQIdD"B�� DbKdP���H�DJ� � ! B;IdG�HJI"BR� P�|J|JW�I�P�|6~;�KFL�HQCo��B�I{[�B;DbKzTVPRN�W�HQD�BR� l KdL�HJIdH%PRIdH E�C��'C�E�KFHQN�~o[oP�C�~���W�C���H6SVI=W}KFKdP=��B;IF[�W�N�P;D y�E�KFLoKdL�H�[�P?*}E�[oPRNB�I�G}HJI%BR��P�|J|JW�I�P�|6~��q� � HQIFH�P�IFHODFB�[�HYB���KdL�H�ZxHQDbKbSI��C�BVy�C�Hc*�PR[�X�N�HQD n y�L�E?|�L/DFL�B�W�N?G�X�IdB�XxHJIdN�~ Z HX�IdHQDFHJC�KFH�G�E�C�KdPRZ'N�H�PRW ��B�Id[��}Z'W}K 0zL P�T�HJC�m K;��B�KbKdHJC�PRIdB�W�C'G�KFB�KdL'PVKonM�

prq @ : Its�D�:�Xhu�> D HNv�@FH p Ixwzy HM@d{FD :�y @�>?C�|B@FL�v�} @FHow~u�> �sl ! � ! M�t

� � ! � G s " j % " tj

� � ! � G s " � ��� M j % " ��� � M;t j "�$_` � !w " � � -

s � - � - ��tp� w<y\HW@d{}D�: Xhu�>TDMH�v�@}H p 2 D�u3L�vh} @}H�w�u�> �

sl�! � ! M�t

� � ! � G s " j % " tj

� � ! � G s " � � j % " ����t j "�$�` � !w " � `c

s� � � t -

s � - � - M;tp 2 D�u3L�� ?lA��EI H :e�K@}H :;D H8} @FHow~u�> � v

sl ! � ! ;t

� � ! � G s " j % " tj

� � ! � G s " � ��� j % " ��� � ;t j� � ! � G s " ��M � � j % " ��M�� � ;t j

"�$�` � !w " � `�s� �� � t -

s � - � - �t

Page 69: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ����� ������������� ����������������� ��� ������������� �������! #" �p�� @%u3H A ����@FH :;DMH��<u3L�|BDQ��� u�A-A � } @FHow~u�> � v

sl ! � ! ��t��

� � ! � G s " j % " tj

� � ! � G s " � ��� M j % " ��� � M;t j� � ! � G s " � � � M j % " ��� � M�t j � ! � G s " � � j % " ����t j

"�$_` � !w " � `s� ��M � � M � � t -

s � - � - ��t

0�� G E?DYE�C'G}HJXxHJC G}HJC�K�B�� � �qKdL�H3�'I�DKYKy{B�BR�{KFL�H�DbH���B;IF[�W�N?P�D=IdHQG}W'|JH�KFB�KdL�H�[�E�G�X B;E�C�K�PRC GKFI�PRXxH1�QB�E?G���B�Id[�W�N?P�DQ� IFH�DbXxHQ|6KFE�T�HJN�~���P�C'G KFL'H���B;W�IbKdL}S�B�I�G}HJIY��B;IF[�W�N?P3IFH�G}W'|JHQD�KFB w E�[�X'DFB�C m DOIdW�N�H��� L�E?D N�P;DK���B�Id[�W�N?P,E�D DFB�[�H6KdE�[�HQD |QPRN�N�H�G�ibKFL�HkjY��W'C���HJSJI=W}KFKdP%��B�Id[�W�N?P��RP�C'GOE?D T�HQIF~=y�E?G}HJN�~���C�BVy�C*�

� BVyAP�|Q|6W�I�PVKdH�|QPRC3P���W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P���B;IF[�W�N?P�ZxH � � HJIdH=E�D"y�L PVK y"P�DP��C�BVy�C�P�D{BR�"���df u ���!"�/�#! ��� �� � � !"�� � ��� ������� � ��� ! � ��������� ����� ��� ��!�� � ���/�

�! �"$#&%'"$( ["l *) " S L D�+�y >sI & I A,�zuOL�|BDQ��� uEA A � } @}H�w�u%> � @�} @}H :;D H=@�} � & & u3H � & C � � � ? A���D@} @�>�> @ G�IsL�|LwXIsLEIxw�uNw L�uNw D Hc@�} ?kA � |BD ? l 3

U�H :BD H � q I LEIxw�u�w L�uNw DMHc@�}^?kA � |BD ? l� j M j j � � j M j j � � HWD ?Jy�D & AyI_{}D > C �& (( uu �f �;�� ��M.-�� u � y\HWD & I@?MDhwXIsLEIxw�uNw u3L0/;L�@ G�L ��Qg �i1-�� u � y\HWD & I@?MDhwXIsLEIxw�uNw u3L0/;L�@ G�L �

<)HW@;@�} p w HQH��{W}K�|�L�HJI s ���df u t6���E��;W�IdH �;� �'����DbL�BVy D�KFL'H�DbKdP�Z�E�N�E�K~�IFH���E�B�C'D���B�I�KFL'H�H1*}X�N�E?|6E�KA��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P3��B;IF[�W�N�P;D�y�E�KdL

l ! � j M j j � � w E�C |6H3KdL�HQDFH3��B�Id[�W'N�P;D�PRIdH3C�BRK W�C�E6�;W'H��"KFL'H/IFH�P�G}HQI�[oP�~(y{B�C'G�HJI�y�L�E?|�L�|�L�B;E�|JHKFL�H����;W�IFH�E�N�N�W DKdIdPRKFHQDQ��/%D�E�K�KFW�IdC'D�B�W}K���E�K�E�N�N�W'DbKFI�PVKFH�D~aN\\�KFL�H�|�L�B;E�|JHQDQ�_��B;I�KdL�HJ~ P�N�N{L'P�T;HoKFL�HDFP�[�H�DbKdPRZ'E�N�E�K~�IdH1�;E�B;C'DJ� y�L�E?|�L PRIdHYKdL�H�N�HJT;HJN |6W�IdT�H�D�� � s 7 tQ� ! ����B�I,KFL�H�KFIdW�C'|QPVKFH�G � P�~�N�B;I%DbHQIFE�HQDPRX�X'IFB,*}E�[�PRKFE�B�C'DzKFB �'2 � s � L�E?D DFE�KdW'PVKdE�B;C�|�L PRC��;HQD���B�I l43�& �vt� L�Hz|JN�P;DFDFE?|JPRN�� W�C���HJSJI=W�KbKdP{��B;IF[�W�N?P�D�y{HJIdH�Hc*}X�N�E�|JE�K���Z�W}KqE�COIdHQ|6HQC�KqG}HQ|QP�G}H�D�E�[�X�N�E?|6E�K ��W�C���H6SI=W}KbK�P,��B�Id[�W�N?P�D�L'P�T;H{P�N�DFB,ZxHJHQC�DbKFW G}E�H�G�Hc*�KFHQC'DbE�T�HQN�~;�^-%C�N�E���H"N�E�C'HQPRI�[�W�N�KFE?DKdHJX���B�Id[�W�N?P�DQ�%��W�C���H6SI=W}KbK�P3��B;IF[�W�N�P;DOPRIdH�C�B�K�DFW�Z�2H�|.KOKdB PRC � S�DbKdP�Z�E�N�E�K~ Z'PRIdIFE�HJI�� � L�H���B;N�N�BVy�E�C��/IdHQDFW�N�K�DbL�B;W�N?G�Z H|6B;[�X PRIdHQG�y�E�KFL � L'HJB�IdHJ[oD���� ��PRC'G ������'�

� �5��� � �6� ! � �7������� ����� �8����!9� � � �/�

�! �"$#&%'"$( ["l }> " S L l �'?kA � |BD�Ixw<y > I & I�A:�zu3L�|EDH�;� uEA-A � } @}H�w�u�> � � � ?�@FH :;DMH/@�} � & & u3H � & C �=</M l p� @}HcD � & � l?> A ��DMHMDlD�+BI ? AM? � L � �5? A � > DcIxwzyF> I & I�A��zu3L�|EDH�;� uEA-A � } @}H�w�u�> � G�I A�� � ! M l p

@0ACBEDGF6AIH.JLKIMEN'F�O5MEO ¾ ¤1FPDGQ6MERSF=TVU W.U X1U

Page 70: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

��� ����� ������������� ����������������� ��� ������������� �������! #"�"

l ! �l !

l�! Ml ! �

�# # �

# ��

��

����� %'" �"� �"| �" �{B;W�C'G�P�IFE�HQD�BR�,DbKdP�Z�E�N�E�K~�IFH���E�B�C'DO��B�I1��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P3��B;IF[�W�N�P;D�y�E�KFLl ! �

j M j j ���� L�HQB�IdHJ[������ & N�B�B.��D�N�E��;H�P X'PRC P�|6H�P�-{y�L�~�C�BRK�W'DFH�E�[�X�N�E�|JE�KA��W�C���H6SVI=W}KFKdP [�HJKFL�B}G�D�P�N�NKFL�H�KdE�[�H���B�IoDbKFE�@�X�IFB;Z�N�HJ[oD � � L�H3PRC'DFy�HQI�E?D�KFL'PRK�KFL�HQ~�N�H�P�G�KdB N�P�I��;H DF~�DbKFHQ[oD�B��%H���W'PRKFE�B�C'DKFB�ZxH�DFB�N�T�H�G�� �'B�IYPRC�E�C�E�KdE�P�N�S�TVPRN�W�H�X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[ E�C�T�B�N�T�E�C���� T�P�IFE?PRZ'N�H�DJ�*P�C E�[�X�N�E?|6E�KON�E�C�H�PRI=[�W'N�KdE�SDKdHJX���B;IF[�W�N�P�IFHi�;W'E�IdHQD"KdL�H�DFB�N�W}KFE�B�C3B��zPoDb~}DbKFHQ[ B���� H���W'PVKdE�B;C'D PRK,HQP;|�L3DKdHJX*�xy�L�HJIdHQP;D�E�C3KFL�H

��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P�|JP�DFH,KFL�HOG}E�[�HJC'DFE�B�C�Z H�|6B;[�H�D l ��� w E�C |6H=KFL'HYy�B;I��oE�C�T�B�N�T�H�G�E�C3DbB;N�T�E�C���P�DF~}DKdHJ[BR� H���W'PRKFE�B�C'D"W'DFW'P�N�N�~ G}HQX HQC'G�D,DbW�XxHJIdN�E�C�H�PRIdN�~�B�C�E�K�D%DFE��QH���E�K���B�N�N�BVy D{KdL'PVK,E�[�X�N�E�|JE�K ��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P��B�Id[�W�N?P�D�KdHJC'G KdB�Z H&[�B;IFH3P;G}TVPRC�KdP���HJB;W'D���B�I�DF[oPRN�N%DF~�DbKFHQ[oD�KFL'P�C ��B�IoKdL�H/N?PRI`��HJI�B;C�HQD�KdL'PVKPRIdE�DFH��x��B;I�H1*�PR[�X�N�H���E�C�G}E?Dd|6IdH6KFE��JE�C���X'PRIFKFE?PRN G}E�@xHQIFHQC�KFE?PRN�H���W'PRKFE�B�C'D���7,C/KdL�H�BRKdL�HJI=L'P�C'G��*[oPRC�~DbXxHQ|JE�P�N�KdIFE?|x�}D�L'P�T�H%Z HQHJC�G}HQT�E?DFHQG���B�IzKFL�B�DbH%X�IFB;Z�N�HJ[oDJ��HQDFXxHQ|6E?PRN�N�~OKFB�KdP���H P�G�T�P�C�KdP?�;H�BR�*DFX'PRI�DbE�K~��DbB�C�B�2W'G��;[�HJC�K�|QPRC3ZxH�|6B;C'DFE�G}HQIFH�G��'C'P�N�� � L'HOZ B�B.��Z�~ � P�E�IdHJI%P�C'G PRC�C'HJI,|JB�C�KdP�E�C D Hc*}XxHJIdE�S[�HJC�KdP�Nx|JB�[�X'PRIdE?DbB;C'D B��*Hc*}X�N�E�|JE�K"PRC'G�E�[�X�N�E�|JE�K"[�W'N�KdE�DbKFHQX PRC GA��W�C��;H6SVI=W}KbK�P�|JB�G�HQDQ�;IdHQP;|�L�E�C��YKFL�H|6B;C'|6N�W'DFE�B;C�KdL'PVK�KdL�HJ~�P�N�Nqy�B;I��oy{HJN�N��

Page 71: stam Tb SRWeGcZaapelusa.fis.cinvestav.mx/tmatos/LaSumA/LaSumA2_archivos/Metodo… · T Gaw] ebe ]=P TURWVX R\PS `b] xSRW] P TUe am~Tb SRWe s=] P Tb`UVX TUa^SRWs

�����Qg�� = �������h����� � ����� � ��� � � � ��� ������������� �������! #"��

&('�&��*'�� A 9<3#D ; /2C + 3�� 3�[3 /�~3#D

� L�E?D%|�L'P�X}KFHQI%L'P;D%DdPRE?G�N�E�KbKdN�H�PRZxB�W}K,KFL�H�X�IdP;|.KdE�|QPRN_DFE?G}HOBR� C�W�[�HQIFE?|JP�NqDbB;N�W�KFE�B�C3BR� B;IdG�E�C'P�IF~G}E�@xHQIFHQC;KdE�P�N*H���W'PRKFE�B�C'D��X7,C�H=KFB;X�E?|=Z'PRIdHJN�~o[�HJC�KFE�B�C�H�G�E�D"KdL�HOP�|6KFW'P�N*E�[�X'N�HQ[�HQC�KdPVKdE�B;C B���E�[�X�N�E�|JE�K[�H6KFL'B�G'DVG�KFL�HoDFB�N�W}KFE�B�C&BR�zKdL�H�P�DdDbB}|6E?PVKdHQG3Hi��W'PVKdE�B;C'D,PRK�H�P�|�L&KFE�[�H�DbKFHJX�Z�~ = HJy"KdB�C m D=[�H6KdL�B}GPRC'G E�K�D�TVP�IFE?PRC�KdD���/ C�B�KFL�HQI���PRX E?D�KFL'PRK�y{H�L'P�T;H�C�B�K�G}E?Dd|6W'DdDbH�G KFL'H E?G}HQP BR� ��������� ��� "����V"��� ��� "������ #&% � "*%"!.##�$�C% #&%b��y�L�E�|�Lq�;KdB��;H6KFL'HJIzy�E�KFL�KFL�H=G}HQT�HJN�B�X'[�HQC�K�BR�qDFXxHQ|6E?PRNx[�H6KdL�B}G�D���B�I�DbKFE�@X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[oDQ� PRIdH=KFL'H�[�B;DbK%E�[�XxB�IFKdP�C�K,G}HJT;HJN�B�X�[�HQC;K�D�E�C�KFL�H�C�W'[�HQIFE?|JP�NqDFB�N�W}KFE�B�C3B��X7080�zD,G}W�IdE�C��KFL�H�|6B;[�X�W}KFHQI�HQIdP�� � L�H�DbB��rKy{P�IFH�X�IFH�DbHQC�KFN�~�P�TVPRE�N?PRZ�N�Ho��B�I�DFB�N�T�E�C�� 7080�zD�E?D�DFB&XxBVy�HQIb��W'N�PRC GIFHQN�E?PRZ'N�H{KFL PVK KdL�HJIdH�E�D N�E�KbKdN�H IdHQP;DbB;C�B�KFL�HQI�KFL'P�C�HQG}W'|QPVKdE�B;C'PRN}KdBYy�IFE�KFH�B;C�H�m D BVy�C�X�IdB���I�PR[��VH1*}|JHJX}K��B�I�T�HJId~�H�P�DF~�X'IFB;Z�N�HQ[oD B�I{DbXxHQ|JE�P�N�E��JH�GoPRX�X'N�E?|JPRKFE�B�C'D��r��DFDFHJC�KdE�P�N�N�~�P�N�N BR��KFL'E�D{DbB��rKy{P�IFH�[oP���HQD W'DbHBR� P�G'PRX}KdE�T;H�DKdHJX DFE��QH�|6B�C�KdIFB;N � PRC'G DFB�[�H�B��"E�K�|JB�C�KFIdB�N?D�KFL�H�B�I�G}HJIOB��"KFL�Ho��B;IF[�W�N?P3P�G�P�X}KFE�T�HQN�~KFB�B�� � IdW'DKy{B�IFKFL�~�|JB�G�HQD |QPRC�Z HY��B;W�C'G�E�C KdL�H 0�� w F � = / C �xPRC'G � PRIdy�HQN�N�N�E�Z'IdP�IFE�HQDQ��E�C��/PRKFN?PRZ*�PRC'G�E�C/C�W�[�HJIdB�W D�BRKdL�HJI�DbB;W�Id|JHQD�� � L�HOZxHQDbKbSI��C'BVy�C3X�IFB.��I�PR[oD�PRIdHYXxHJIdL'PRX'D KFL�B�DbH�G}HJT;HJN�B�XxHQG3PVKw PRC G}E�P F PRZxB�I�PVKdB�IdE�H�D�PRC'G KFL'H F P�y�IdHJC'|JH F E�T�HQIF[�B�IdH F P�Z B;IdPRKFB�Id~���y�L�E?|�L/|JP�C3Z H�B�Z}K�PRE�C�HQG ��IdB�[KFL�H = H6KdN�E�Z��9P�|6E�N�E�K~�G}HQDd|6IdE�ZxHQG E�C KdL�H t IdH6�9P;|6H �

/ N�KFL'B�W��;L&KdL�E�DOZ B�B�� G}B�HQD=C�B�KYG�E�Dd|6W'DdD=ZxB�W�C'G'PRId~;S�TVPRN�W�H�X�IFB;Z�N�HJ[oD���B�I�7080�zDQ��KFL'HoIFH�P�G}HQIDbL'B�W�N?G Z H&P�y"PRIdH KFL'PRK�E�C�KdL'PVK P�IFH�P/KdB�B KFL�HQIFH3E?D�H1*}|JHJN�N�HQC�K�P�G�P�X}KFE�T�H3DFBR�rKy"PRIdH��zy�L'E�|�L�E?Do�9PRI[�B�IdH�Hc��|JE�HQC;KYPRC G/IdHJN�E�P�Z�N�H�KFL'P�C3KFL'H�X'IFB.��I�PR[ P W'DFHJI�E�D�N�E��;HJN�~�KFB |JB�C'DbKFIdW'|6K�Z�~3|6B;[�Z�E�C�E�C�� P�CE�C'E�KdE�P�N�S�TVPRN�W�H3X�IdB�Z�N�HJ[ DbB;N�T;HJIoy�E�KFL�KFL'H3E�G}H�P BR�>iFDFL�B�BRKdE�C��dj�� � y{B�y{HJN�N�SI��C�BVy�C X'IFB.��I�PR[oD�PRIdHt / w /z/APRC'G�E�K�D"T�P�IFE�B�W D�G}HQIFE�TVPVKdE�T;HQDQ�;y�L�E?|�L |QPRC Z H,��B�W�C G�E�C�KdL�H = / C F E�Z�I�PRId~���PRC G�@;7 F w H w �y�L�E?|�L�L'P�DYZxHJHQC�X�W�Z�N�E?DbL�H�G�E�C KFL�H(' H � LN? � & AyI @}LN?=@FL q � A���D w � A I & � >*) @�} A G � HWD PRC'G E?DOP�TVPRE�N�P�Z�N�H��IFB;[ = H6KdN�E�Z �D/ DbKdP�C'G�PRI�G KFH1*�KdZ B�B.� B;C�KFL�H�DFW�Z�2H�|.K%E?D - ��� �[/%Dd|�L�HQIQ� � �[�������[�&PVKbKdL�HJE 2%PRC G� �z8 � ��W'DdDbHQN�NU� ><uNw D HJI &�� >+)�@�>_uEA IT@FL @�}-, @%u3L : � H-C 9 � >_u�DA<)HW@ > D w1?z} @FH;U�H : I L � H C W I@T{D HWD L\AyI � >X/.�u � AyI @}LN? > t IdHJC�KFE?|6H � P�N�NU� �i��f�f��w B;[�H,PRX�X�N�E?|JPVKdE�B;C'D N�HQP;G�KFB�Db~}DbKFHJ[oDzBR�qG}E�@xHQIFHQC�KFE?PRN'Hi��W'PVKdE�B;C'D�KdL'PVK{[�W'DbK�ZxH,DFB�N�T�H�G�E�C�|JB�C}S2W�C'|6KFE�B�C/y�E�KFL�P�G�G}E�KFE�B�C PRNqC'B�C}S�G}E�@xHQIFHQC;KdE�P�N_|JB�C'G}E�KFE�B�C D � w W'|�L&DF~�DbKFHQ[oD%PRIdH�|QPRN�N�H�G0� ��1 "*%'"��$� � ��%32��% "�4�%5� � !�"�6 � ��� � #&���87:9"; a �5<�P�C'G�L'P�T;H�ZxHJHJC(E�C�T�H�DKdE���PVKdHQG Z�~ C HQP�IQ� t H6K`�JB;N�G���P�C'G [oPRC�~BRKdL�HJI�D � w BR�rKy"PRIdH�E?D�P�TVP�E�N?PRZ�N�Ho��B;I�KdL�HQDFH�X�IdB�Z'N�HQ[�D�KFB�B ��E�C'|JN�W G}E�C�� P/y{HJN�N�SU��C�BVy�C�X�IdB��;IdP�[ Z�~t H6K`�JB�N?G���C'BVy�C�P;DG8'/ w�w F �

� L�H"DF|QPRN�HzB���7089��D*KdL'PVK B}|J|6W'I_E�C�X�I�P�|6KFE?|6H{|JPRC�Z H{HJC'B�Id[�B;W'D��r7,C�HzH1*�PR[�X�N�H�B���HJC��;E�C�HQHJIdE�C��E�C�KdHJIdHQDbK�P�IFE?DFHQD"E�C KdL�HODFE�[�W�N�PRKFE�B�C�BR�=/ F w 0{|JE�I�|6W'E�K�DJ��y�L'HJIdH�B;C�HYHJC |6B�W'C;KdHJI�D�DbX PRI�DbH=DKdE+@ Db~}DbKFHQ[�D|6B;C;K�PRE�C�E�C��3KFL'B�W'DdPRC'G'DOB�IOKFHJC D�B���KFL�B;W'DFP�C'G�D�BR��TVPRIdE�P�Z�N�H�D �`0�C DbW'|�L |QP�DFHQDYE�K�E?D�BR��X'PRI�PR[�B;W�C�KE�[�XxB�IFKdP�C'|6H�KdB3Hc*}X�N�B�E�KYKFL�H�DFXxHQ|6E?PRNzX�IFB;X HQIbKdE�H�DYBR�{KFL'H�Db~}DbKFHQ[�DQ�_P�C'G B�C'H�DbXxHQ|JE�P�N [�H6KFL'B�G�KdL'PVKL'P�D"ZxHJHQC3G}HJT�E?DbH�G]�;B�H�D"Z�~oKFL�HYC PR[�HYBR��=>� � "�? #&% ( % "�%���@A��� � #&�*B*DbHQH�KFL�H=��B�BRKdC�BRKdHYB�C�X � ( ���