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1 Strain-Life(EN) Material Data - EN Curve 적용에 필요한 parameters ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 b c f f N N E s e e ¢ D ¢ = + 2N Strain amplitude 2 e D 0 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 5 10 - 4 10 - 3 10 - 2 10 - 1 10 - 0 10 f E s ¢ f e ¢ c b ( ) ( ) ' ' 2 2 2 b c f f N N E s e e D = + · Fatigue Strength Coefficient, f s ¢ : (has stress unit) · Fatigue Strength Exponent, b : -0.05 ~ -0.12 for most metals · Fatigue Ductility Coefficient, f e ¢ : (has strain unit) · Fatigue Ductility Exponent, c : -0.5(strong) ~ -0.7(ductile) for most metals - Neuber’s rule 적용에 필요한 parameters , f f KS AKS E æ ö ç ÷ è ø ( ) , n n B s e f KS n s s e n e f KS E 1 2 2 2 2 2 n p e E e e e s s k ¢ D D D D D é ù = + = + ê ú ¢ ë û · Cyclic Strength Coefficient, K' : 자동계산인 경우 = f s ¢ / ( f e ¢ )^n’ ( has stress unit) · Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent, n' : 자동계산인 경우 = b/c

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1

Strain-Life(EN) Material Data

- EN Curve 적용에 필요한 parameters

( ) ( )2 22

b cffN N

Ese e¢D ¢= +

2N

Str

ain

ampl

itude

2eD

010 110 210 310 410 510 610 710

510-

410-

310-

210-

110-

010

f

Es ¢

fe ¢

c

b

( ) ( )'

'2 22

b cffN N

Ese eD

= +

· Fatigue Strength Coefficient, fs ¢ : (has stress unit)

· Fatigue Strength Exponent, b : -0.05 ~ -0.12 for most metals

· Fatigue Ductility Coefficient, fe ¢ : (has strain unit)

· Fatigue Ductility Exponent, c : -0.5(strong) ~ -0.7(ductile) for most metals

- Neuber’s rule 적용에 필요한 parameters

, ff

K SA K S

Eæ öç ÷è ø

( ),n nB s e

fK S

ns

s

enefK SE

1

2 2 2 2 2

npe

Eee e s s

k

¢DD D D Dé ù= + = + ê ú¢ë û

· Cyclic Strength Coefficient, K' : 자동계산인 경우 = fs ¢ / ( fe ¢ )^n’ ( has stress unit)

· Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent, n' : 자동계산인 경우 = b/c

2

Aluminum 1100, Su=110.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 1100 Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 110 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 166 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.096 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.643 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.669 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 154 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.144 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Aluminum 2014-T6, Hand Forged, Su=483.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 2014-T6 Material Process Hand Forged Elastic Modulus E= 72700 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 483 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 976 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.12 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.88 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.88 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 605 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.049 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 2014-T6, Su=510.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 2014-T6 Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 510 MPa

3

Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1008 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.114 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.418 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.87 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 963 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.132 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Aluminum 2024-T3, Su=490.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 2024-T3 Elastic Modulus E= 70280 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 490 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 835 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.096 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.174 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.644 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 843 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.109 Material Reference Boller and Seeger

Aluminum 2024-T4, Su=476.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 2024-T4 Elastic Modulus E= 70430 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 476 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 764 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.075 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.334 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.649 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 808 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.098 Material Reference Boller and Seeger

4

Aluminum 5083-0, BHN=93

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 5083-0 Brinell Hardness Number 93 Elastic Modulus E= 71000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 294 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 711 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.122 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.405 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.692 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 580 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.114 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Aluminum 5083-H12, Su=385.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 5083-H12 Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 385 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 650 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.094 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 2.26 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -1.01 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 417 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.035 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 5183-0, Weld metal, BHN=92

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 5183-0 Material Process Weld metal Brinell Hardness Number 92 Elastic Modulus E= 71000 MPa

5

Ultimate Strength Su= 299 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 638 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.107 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.581 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.89 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 507 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.072 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Aluminum 5454, Forged, Su=334.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 5454 Material Process Forged Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 334 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 554 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.089 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.31 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.62 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 373 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.047 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 5456-H311, Su=400.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 5456-H311 Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 400 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 826 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.115 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.076 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.797 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 817 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.145

6

Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Aluminum 6061-T6, Forged, Su=389.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 6061-T6 Material Process Forged Elastic Modulus E= 69000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 389 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 689 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.094 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.35 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.67 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 422 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.03 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 6061-T6, Hand Forged, Su=340.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 6061-T6 Material Process Hand Forged Elastic Modulus E= 72700 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 340 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 645 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.097 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.22 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.6 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 416 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.042 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 6061-T6, Sheet, Su=314.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 6061-T6

7

Material Process Sheet Elastic Modulus E= 69600 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 314 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 535 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.082 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.34 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.83 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 426 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.062 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum 7075-T6, Su=572.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 7075-T6 Elastic Modulus E= 72230 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 572 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 776 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.0951 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 2.56 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.987 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 521 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.045 Material Reference Boller and Seeger

Aluminum 7075-T6, Su=579.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 7075-T6 Elastic Modulus E= 71000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 579 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1917 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.176 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.156 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.526 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2514 MPa

8

Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.146 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 32

Aluminum 7075-T651, Su=580.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 7075-T651 Elastic Modulus E= 70000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 580 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1231 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.122 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.263 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.806 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 852 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.074 Material Reference Boller and Seeger

Aluminum 7175-T73, Hand Forged, Su=524.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy 7175-T73 Material Process Hand Forged Elastic Modulus E= 71300 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 524 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 765 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.082 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 6.18 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -1.14 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 529 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.033 Material Reference SAE Paper 840120 Wong

Aluminum A356-T6, Cast, Su=252.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy A356-T6

9

Material Process Cast Elastic Modulus E= 71000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 252 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 495 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.117 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.0177 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.458 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 394 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.0615 Material Reference SAE Paper 910163 SAE PT-67

Aluminum A356-T6, Cast, Su=266.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy A356-T6 Material Process Cast Elastic Modulus E= 70000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 266 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 502 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.119 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.0166 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.544 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 383 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.0499 Material Reference SAE Paper 910163 SAE PT-67

Aluminum A356-T6, Cast, Su=283.0

Material Type aluminum Material Alloy A356-T6 Material Process Cast Elastic Modulus E= 70000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 283 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 594 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.124 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.0269

10

Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.53 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 379 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.0429 Material Reference SAE Paper 910163 SAE PT-67

Nickel IN-718, Su=1420.0

Material Type nickel Material Alloy IN-718 Elastic Modulus E= 208500 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1420 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1640 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.06 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 2.67 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.82 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1530 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.073 Material Reference Materials Engineering-Mechanical Behavior Report 120

Stainless Steel 30304, Cold Rolled, BHN=327

Material Type stainless steel Material Alloy 30304 Material Process Cold Rolled Brinell Hardness Number 327 Elastic Modulus E= 172000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 951 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2047 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.11 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.55 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.63 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2270 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.18 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

11

Stainless Steel 30304, Hot Rolled, BHN=160

Material Type stainless steel Material Alloy 30304 Material Process Hot Rolled Brinell Hardness Number 160 Elastic Modulus E= 190000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 572 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1267 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.14 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.174 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.41 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2275 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.33 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Stainless Steel 30304, Su=650.0

Material Type stainless steel Material Alloy 30304 Elastic Modulus E= 183000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 650 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1000 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.114 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.171 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.402 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1660 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.287 Material Reference Materials Engineering-Mechanical Behavior Report 128

Stainless Steel 30310, Hot Rolled, BHN=145

Material Type stainless steel Material Alloy 30310 Material Process Hot Rolled

12

Brinell Hardness Number 145 Elastic Modulus E= 193000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 641 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1660 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.15 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.55 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.55 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1960 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.28 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1005, HR Sheet, Su=359.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1005 Material Process HR Sheet Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 359 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 888 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.137 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.28 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.505 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1208 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.26 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1008, HR Sheet, Su=363.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1008 Material Process HR Sheet Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 363 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1225 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.143 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.35

13

Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.522 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1706 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.24 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1015, Normalized, Su=414.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1015 Material Process Normalized Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 414 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 884 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.124 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.729 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.581 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 945 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.213 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1018, BHN=120

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1018 Brinell Hardness Number 120 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 455 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 882 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.118 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.16 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.412 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1442 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.283 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 9

14

Steel 1020, BHN=120

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1020 Brinell Hardness Number 120 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 393 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 820 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.121 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.207 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.447 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1394 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.288 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 9

Steel 1020, HR Plate, BHN=108

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1020 Material Process HR Plate Brinell Hardness Number 108 Elastic Modulus E= 203000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 441 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1384 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.156 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.337 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.485 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1962 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.321 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1020, Su=455.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1020 Elastic Modulus E= 206800 MPa

15

Ultimate Strength Su= 455 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 883 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.118 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.16 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.412 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1441 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.283 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 32

Steel 1040, Cold Drawn, BHN=225

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1040 Material Process Cold Drawn Brinell Hardness Number 225 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 621 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1311 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.103 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.848 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.612 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 915 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.131 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Annealed, BHN=225

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Annealed Brinell Hardness Number 225 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 752 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 916 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.079 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.486

16

Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.52 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1022 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.152 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Normalized, BHN=153

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Normalized Brinell Hardness Number 153 Elastic Modulus E= 202000 MPa

Ultimate Strength Su= 621 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 948 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.092 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.26 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.445 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1258 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.208 Material Reference SAE AE-14

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=277

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 277 Elastic Modulus E= 206000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 942 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2906 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.161 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.786 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.579 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1770 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.191 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

17

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=336

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 336 Elastic Modulus E= 208000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1322 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 3403 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.151 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.458 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.56 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2066 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.165 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=390

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 390 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1344 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1785 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.086 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.207 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.825 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1751 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.104 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=410

Material Type steel

18

Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 410 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1516 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 4385 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.167 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.491 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.491 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 3048 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.208 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=500

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 500 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1956 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2636 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.086 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.21 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.551 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 3366 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.157 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=563

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 563 Elastic Modulus E= 205000 MPa

19

Ultimate Strength Su= 2297 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 5813 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.154 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.379 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -1.0821 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 3083 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.075 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 1045, Q&T, BHN=595

Material Type steel Material Alloy 1045 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 595 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1862 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 3294 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.104 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.22 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.868 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 3947 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.12 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4130, BHN=259

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4130 Brinell Hardness Number 259 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 778 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1261 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.077 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.985 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.648

20

Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1264 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.119 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4130, Q&T, BHN=366

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4130 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 366 Elastic Modulus E= 221000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1358 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1655 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.076 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.803 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.672 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1696 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.114 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4140, Q&T, BHN=293

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4140 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 293 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 848 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1163 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.062 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 2.36 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.765 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1084 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.082 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

21

Steel 4140, Q&T, BHN=475

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4140 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 475 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 2033 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1832 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.07 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.4 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.867 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1974 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.081 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, As Quenched, BHN=670

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142 Material Process As Quenched Brinell Hardness Number 670 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 2248 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2549 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.078 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.003 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.436 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 7119 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.179 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, Q&T, BHN=380

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142

22

Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 380 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1413 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2143 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.094 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.637 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.761 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2266 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.124 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, Q&T, BHN=400

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 400 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1551 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1787 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.084 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.195 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.859 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1756 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.098 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, Q&T, BHN=450

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 450 Elastic Modulus E= 207000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1758 MPa

23

Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1937 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.076 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.706 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.869 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1997 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.088 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, Q&T, BHN=450

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 450 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1929 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2079 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.086 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 2.62 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.972 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1910 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.088 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4142, Q&T, BHN=475

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4142 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 475 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1929 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2161 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.081 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.331 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.854

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Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2399 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.094 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4340, Hot Rolled, BHN=243

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4340 Material Process Hot Rolled Brinell Hardness Number 243 Elastic Modulus E= 193000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 827 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1198 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.095 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.522 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.563 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1337 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.168 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4340, Q&T, BHN=275

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4340 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 275 Elastic Modulus E= 190000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1048 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1276 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.075 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.224 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.714 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1249 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.105 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

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Steel 4340, Q&T, BHN=409

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4340 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 409 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1468 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1879 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.086 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.64 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.636 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1996 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.135 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 4340, Su=1172.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 4340 Elastic Modulus E= 208900 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1172 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1713 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.095 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.83 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.65 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1761 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.146 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 32

Steel 5160, Q&T, BHN=430

Material Type steel Material Alloy 5160 Material Process Q&T Brinell Hardness Number 430

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Elastic Modulus E= 193000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1584 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2054 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.081 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.571 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.821 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1964 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.099 Material Reference SAE J1099 - June 1998

Steel 8620H, Case, Su=1600.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 8620H Material Process Case Elastic Modulus E= 193000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1600 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1931 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.109 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.0001 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -1 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2220 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.116 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 34

Steel 8620H, Core, Su=1510.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy 8620H Material Process Core Elastic Modulus E= 198000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1510 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2510 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.116 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.053 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.444

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Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2200 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.116 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 34

Steel 8630, Cast, BHN=254

Material Type steel Material Alloy 8630 Material Process Cast Brinell Hardness Number 254 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 786 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 800 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.107 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.17 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.795 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1062 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.086 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 13

Steel 9262, BHN=260

Material Type steel Material Alloy 9262 Brinell Hardness Number 260 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 924 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1041 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.071 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.155 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.47 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1380 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.15 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 23

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Steel 9262, BHN=275

Material Type steel Material Alloy 9262 Brinell Hardness Number 275 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 999 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1221 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.073 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.41 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.6 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1380 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.12 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 14

Steel 9262, BHN=405

Material Type steel Material Alloy 9262 Brinell Hardness Number 405 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1565 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1855 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.057 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.38 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.65 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2015 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.089 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 14

Steel A-517 Grade F, BHN=256

Material Type steel Material Alloy A-517 Grade F Brinell Hardness Number 256 Elastic Modulus E= 30200 MPa

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Ultimate Strength Su= 807 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1200 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.076 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.02 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.688 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1255 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.136 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 12

Steel A27, Cast, BHN=135

Material Type steel Material Alloy A27 Material Process Cast Brinell Hardness Number 135 Elastic Modulus E= 190000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 483 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1220 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.073 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.41 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.6 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1359 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.12 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 28

Steel A36, BHN=160

Material Type steel Material Alloy A36 Brinell Hardness Number 160 Elastic Modulus E= 190000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 414 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1014 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.132 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.271 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.451

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Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1097 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.249 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel A36, HAZ, BHN=243

Material Type steel Material Alloy A36 Material Process HAZ Brinell Hardness Number 243 Elastic Modulus E= 189000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 667 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 724 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.066 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.218 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.492 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1490 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.215 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel A36, Su=540.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy A36 Elastic Modulus E= 200000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 540 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1118 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.11 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.338 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.48 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1336 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.226 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 42

Steel A514, BHN=303

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Material Type steel Material Alloy A514 Brinell Hardness Number 303 Elastic Modulus E= 210000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 938 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1305 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.079 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.975 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.699 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1090 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.091 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 2

Steel A514, HAZ, BHN=461

Material Type steel Material Alloy A514 Material Process HAZ Brinell Hardness Number 461 Elastic Modulus E= 210000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1408 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2000 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.087 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.783 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.713 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1765 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.103 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel E110-WM(1P), Weld Metal, BHN=362

Material Type steel Material Alloy E110-WM(1P) Material Process Weld Metal Brinell Hardness Number 362 Elastic Modulus E= 210000 MPa

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Ultimate Strength Su= 1035 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1890 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.115 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.848 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.734 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2021 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.177 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel E110-WM(2P), Weld Metal, BHN=310

Material Type steel Material Alloy E110-WM(2P) Material Process Weld Metal Brinell Hardness Number 310 Elastic Modulus E= 210000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 910 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1408 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.079 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.595 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.59 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1670 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.166 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel E60S-3-WM(1P), Weld Metal, BHN=233

Material Type steel Material Alloy E60S-3-WM(1P) Material Process Weld Metal Brinell Hardness Number 233 Elastic Modulus E= 189000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 710 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 904 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.075 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.607

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Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.548 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1007 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.155 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel E60S-3-WM(2P), Weld Metal, BHN=201

Material Type steel Material Alloy E60S-3-WM(2P) Material Process Weld Metal Brinell Hardness Number 201 Elastic Modulus E= 189000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 580 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1028 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.09 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.602 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.567 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1235 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.197 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 29

Steel HY130, Su=1103.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy HY130 Elastic Modulus E= 193100 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1103 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1489 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.06 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.9 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.64 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1517 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.1 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 32

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Steel IN787, BHN=188

Material Type steel Material Alloy IN787 Brinell Hardness Number 188 Elastic Modulus E= 206000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 620 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1317 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.1 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.4 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.68 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1125 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.13 Material Reference Fracture Control Program Report 27

Steel ManTen, Su=565.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy ManTen Elastic Modulus E= 203000 MPa

Ultimate Strength Su= 565 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 930 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.095 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.26 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.47 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1190 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.19 Material Reference SAE AE-6

Steel RQC-100, Su=863.0

Material Type steel Material Alloy RQC-100 Elastic Modulus E= 203000 MPa

Ultimate Strength Su= 863 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 1165 MPa

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Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.075 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 1.06 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.75 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 1150 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.1 Material Reference SAE AE-6

Steel-Maraging 18Ni(250), BHN=500

Material Type steel-maraging Material Alloy 18Ni(250) Brinell Hardness Number 500 Elastic Modulus E= 186000 MPa Ultimate Strength Su= 1800 MPa Fatigue Strength Coefficient σf′= 2232 MPa Fatigue Strength Exponent b= -0.063 Fatigue Ductility Coefficient εf′= 0.8 Fatigue Ductility Exponent c= -0.61 Cyclic Strength Coefficient K′= 2282 MPa Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent n′= 0.1 Material Reference Materials Engineering-Mechanical Behavior Report 144