STRATEGI THAILAND PADA BIDANG PARIWISATA DALAM

KERJASAMA IMT – GT (INDONESIA – MALAYSIA –

THAILAND GROWTH TRIANGLE)

Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1

ZAHROTUN MASTUROH PRASALIANI

201410360311052

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2018

ii

DAFTAR ISI

Sampul Dalam ............................................................................................... i

Lembar Persetujuan ...................................................................................... ii

Lembar Pengesahan ...................................................................................... iii

Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi ................................................................... iv

Pernyataan Orisinalitas ................................................................................. v

Abstrak .......................................................................................................... vi

Abstract ......................................................................................................... vii

Kata Pengantar .............................................................................................. viii

Lembar Persembahan .................................................................................... ix

Daftar Isi ....................................................................................................... xi

Daftar Tabel .................................................................................................. xvi

Daftar Bagan ................................................................................................. xvii

Daftar Gambar............................................................................................... xviii

Daftar Grafik ................................................................................................ xix

Daftar Lampiran ........................................................................................... xx

Daftar Singkatan .......................................................................................... xxi

BAB I : PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................ 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................... 6

xii

1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 6

1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................ 6

1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................................... 7

1.4 Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................... 8

1.5 Landasan Konseptual .............................................................................. 18

1.5.1 Growth Triangel .......................................................................... 18

1.5.2 Strategi Pariwisata ...................................................................... 26

1.6 Metode Penelitian ................................................................................... 33

1.6.1 Tipe Penelitian ............................................................................ 33

1.6.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ......................................................... 33

1.6.3 Teknik Analisa Data ................................................................... 34

1.6.4 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ........................................................... 34

1.6.4.1 Batasan Waktu ......................................................................... 34

1.6.4.2 Batasan Materi ......................................................................... 35

1.7 Argumen Dasar ....................................................................................... 35

1.8 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................. 37

BAB II : KLASIFIKASI POTENSI PARIWISATA THAILAND SELATAN

BERDASARKAN GEOGRAFIS ................................................................. 40

2.1 Thailand Selatan Bagian Utara .............................................................. 44

2.1.1 Ranong ......................................................................................... 44

xiii

2.1.2 Chumphon ................................................................................... 45

2.2 Thailand Selatan Bagian Barat .............................................................. 47

2.2.1 Phang Nga ................................................................................... 47

2.2.2 Trang ............................................................................................ 49

2.2.3 Krabi ............................................................................................ 50

2.2.4 Phuket .......................................................................................... 51

2.3 Thailand Selatan Bagian Timur ............................................................. 53

2.3.1 Surat Thani .................................................................................. 53

2.3.2 Nakhon Si Thammarat ................................................................. 55

2.3.3. Phatthalung ................................................................................. 57

2.4 Thailand Selatan Bagian Selatan ............................................................ 58

2.4.1 Satun ............................................................................................ 58

2.4.2 Songkhla ...................................................................................... 59

2.4.3 Yala .............................................................................................. 61

2.4.4 Pattani .......................................................................................... 62

2.4.5 Narathiwat ................................................................................... 63

BAB III : GAMBARAN UMUM KERJASAMA INDONESIA- MALAYSIA-

THAILAND GROWTH TRIANGLE (IMT – GT) ........................................ 66

3.1 Kerjasama IMT – GT ............................................................................. 66

3.1.1 Persiapan ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) ............................... 67

xiv

a. Kondisi Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Perbatasan............................. 68

b. Kedekatan Geografis ..................................................................... 72

3.2 Ruang Lingkup Kerjasama IMT – GT ................................................... 75

3.2.1 Pemberdayaan Sosial Perempuan .................................................. 74

BAB IV : STRATEGI PARIWISATA THAILAND DALAM KERJASAMA

IMT – GT MELALUI KEBIJAKAN, INFRASTRUKTUR DAN

PEMASARAN .............................................................................................. 91

4.1 Kebijakan Pendukung Pengembangan Pariwisata .................................. 91

4.1.1 Identifikasi Objek Wisata ............................................................. 92

4.1.2 Meningkatkan Kualitas Personel Pariwisata ................................. 95

4.1.3 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Pariwisata ........................................ 97

4.1.4 Pemasaran Pariwisata ..................................................................... 99

4.2 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Pariwisata ................................................. 99

4.2 1 Rute Penerbangan Baru ................................................................. 100

4.2.2 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Ranong ........................................... 103

4.2.3 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Phang Nga ...................................... 106

4.2.4 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Trang .............................................. 109

4.2.6 Pengembangan Infrastruktur Songkhla ......................................... 111

4.3 Pemasaran Pariwisata Thailand .............................................................. 114

4.3.1 Penyelenggaraan Sosialisasi Perjalanan ........................................ 114

4.3.4 Pemasaran Dalam Negeri ............................................................... 115

xv

BAB V : PENUTUP ..................................................................................... 119

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 119

5.2 Saran ....................................................................................................... 124

Daftar Pustaka ............................................................................................... 126

Lampiran ...................................................................................................... 143

xvi

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1 Posisi Penelitian .......................................................................... 15

Tabel 3.1 Data Statistik PDB Bangkok – Thailand Selatan ........................ 69

Tabel 3.2 IMT – GT Participating State and Province ............................... 76

Tabel 3.3 Proyek WGIT ............................................................................... 81

Tabel 3.4 Proyek WGTI ............................................................................... 82

Tabel 3.5 Proyek WGT ............................................................................... 83

Tabel 3.6 Proyek WGAEE ........................................................................... 84

Tabel 3.7 Proyek WGHAPAS ..................................................................... 85

Tabel 3.8 Proyek WGHRD .......................................................................... 86

xvii

DAFTAR BAGAN

Bagan 1.1 Posisi Kerjasama Growth Triangle ............................................ 19

Bagan 1.2 Program Kerja Kerjasama IMT – GT ........................................ 24

Bagan 1.3 Tiga Aspek Perencanaan Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata ... 28

Bagan 1.4 Strategi Thailand Pada Bidang Pariwisata Dalam Kerjasama IMT

– GT ............................................................................................. 32

Bagan 3.1 Proyek Program Kerja Pariwisata Kerjasama IMT – GT .......... 89

Bagan 4.1 Strategi Pengembangan Pariwisata Thailand Dalam Kerjasama

IMT – GT .................................................................................... 118

xviii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Logo Slogan Pariwisata Thailand …………………………………. 42

Gambar 2.2 Kolam Mata Air Raksawarin Park ………………………................ 45

Gambar 2.3 Khao Nang Hong .................................................................. ……... 48

Gambar 2.4 Phi Phi Island Phuket …………………………………………….... 53

Gambar 2.5 Wat Phra Mahatat ………………………………………………..... 57

Gambar 2.6 Patung Pantai Hat Simila Sebagai Lambang Wilayah Provinsi Songkhla

…………………………………………………………………....... 61

Gambar 2.7 Kota Yala ………………………………………………………….. 62

Gambar 2.8 Kapal Kolae ……………………………………………………….. 65

Gambar 3.1 Logo Kerjasama Indonesia- Malaysia- Thailand Growth Triangle .. 67

Gambar 3.2 Wilayah Segitiga Pertumbuhan Indonesia- Malaysia- Thailand ….. 73

Gambar 3.3 Struktur Institusional ……………………………………………… 78

Gambar 4.1 Rute Wisata Tematik …………………………………………….. 94

Gambar 4.2 Logo Slogan Pariwisata Thailand Selatan …………………….…. 117

xix

DAFTAR GRAFIK

Grafik 3.1 Kedatangan Pengunjung Internasional Negara Anggota Kerjasama

IMT – GT ….……………………….……………………………..... 87

xx

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Thai Tourism Law …………………………...……………........... 143

xxi

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

IMT – GT

PTM

MTR

WGs

WGIT

WGTI

WGT

WGAAE

WGHAPAS

WGHRD

UNWTO

GMS

BIMP – EAGA

SIJORI

IMS – GT

LCC

IB

MOTS

TAT

DASTA

= Indonesia- Malaysia- Thailand Growth Triangle

= Pertemuan Tingkat Menteri

= Mid-Term Review

= Working Groups

= Working Group On Infrastructure An Transportation

= Working Group On Trade And Investment

= Working Group On Tourism

= Working Group Agriculture, Agrobased Industry And

Environment

= Working Group Halal Product And Services

= Working Group Human Resouces And Development

= United Nation World Tourism Organization

= Greater Mekong Subregion

= Brunei Darussalam- Indonesia- Malaysia- Philipines East

ASEAN Growth Area

= Singapure- Johor- Riau

= Indonesia- Malaysia- Singapure

= Low Coast Carrier

= Implementation Blueprint

= Ministry Tourism And Sport

= Tourism Authority of Thailand

= The Designed Area For Sustainable Tourism Administration

xxii

PBB

AFTA

ASEAN

KTT

ADB

JCB

LS

MM

SOM

NESDB

EPU

CMGF

GCAP

SPM

WGM

RoRo

= Persatuan Bangsa-Bangsa

= ASEAN Free Trade Area

= Association Of Southeast Asian Nations

= Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi

= Asian Development Bank

= Joint business council

= Leader Summit

= Ministerial Meeting

= Senior Officials Meeting

= National Economic And Social Development Board

= Economic Planning Unit

= Chief Ministers And Governors Forum

= Green Cities Action Plan

= Strategic Planning Meeting

= Working Group Meeting

= Roll-on Roll-off

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Thai Tourism Law …………………………...……………........... 143

126

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