suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i...

30
F S G D K B F I P [ T [ Z F : N V K F P G S V K Q ) R E T " B = R F T " B ( B . C Z K K \ B F P G C B \ T N K E K Z C K B I B C Z I R K R B , G C F P E Z [ F N M F N C P E C Z K I = K , G V K Z G [ G N P E Z [ ~ 1 | M K B \ B Z C K B I B C Z I R K R B P E Z G P B , B K K \ K P \ R K \ B C K E K F : G C R K B F Z Q F M F R K O K \ Y T G C I X X Z G \ { [ B K Q \ N P G E N G P Z K \ Y T G , [ M C Z R B P Z G \ Y T \ O C I X X Z G \ T N T N \ K M O G T N H C I K [ N P K M O . G P F \ N P G E N G P Z K \ Y T G ? { F M N N V K F P G S V K Q \ G Y T K Q . ~ 2 | F G B \ R K N F G F G B B P Z N F : N G P Z [ \ G Y T K Q T N M N P G S U G P G S U . C . Y G [ K B Z B [ G R F T N Z C K B I B C Z I R K R B , T N V K E K G Y P P [ R \ R G , G \ K Z G X K O [ N Z C K H K Z B G Z C B ~ 3 | \ R Q : T Z C [ C \ [ C \ G L F I D F K G [ O B Z C T K O G [ P R F . G B O B K \ B , N K \ R K : [ C \ [ C \ G L F I D , P [ M I \ N F I P [ K Q G I E ! ~ 4 | B P Z Z C K H K Z B : N V K [ B K Q \ G Y T K Q N V \ K I \ [ T Z K O C [ C \ . ~ 5 | B P Z Z C B : P B Q F B E N B I [ N Y K P I B ? { I E B : E C M N K G O \ R Q . G T G E : B K R P K M F E E K R K R F G , N K \ R K : [ C \ [ C \ G L F I D F K G [ O B Z C T K O G [ P R F , E [ P T \ P K R F \ Z \ K : [ P T \ P K R F E Z C K B N K T H Z C Q K T Y C , G [ P T \ P K R F E Z C K B I B C Z I R K R B . ~ 6 | B N B B P Z Z C B : N V K [ B K Q \ G Y T K Q N P K N G K P K O C [ C \ , E C X Z K J G C B . D . Y G [ K B [ R K K F T N Z C K B I B C Z I R K R B , T N V K E K G Y P [ R \ R G , \ K Z G W N Y G [ K B , G E K G Q C \ K Z G W ~ 7 | G N K \ R K R P K : Z B [ F [ R F [ I N N F K G \ C [ C \ , E F B B K M B \ N \ B P G S V K Q : P G S U E Z B [ F [ R F , P G S U E Z B [ I G E [ , P G S U E [ C \ ! ~ 8 | T Z C [ C \ [ C \ G L F I D B K X J Z K L N K F , N B [ P T K R Q M E Z C K B N K T H Z C Q K T Y C . ~ 9 | B J G P K Y B P Z N K \ R K F B G N B N K \ R K F B ? N K \ R K F B G N K \ R K F B ! ~ 10 | \ R B G [ K K Z . ~ 11 | P B K [ K K Z E F B K [ K K Z ? { [ K K Z T Z C F V S I . ~ 12 | B K P [ G O T Z C F V S I { N B G [ K G Z B F G B , E F B P R K { Z C K K F G E F F K B , E B P Z : P K P K F O [ N M \ [ N K [ K \ N B F D K T F N G P Z B F C \ K M K K [ P T F P V R K [ F K G T P F P G T J K Q . ~ 13 | F B B G Y K P R B E N B M Z C K K F G E F ! ~ 14 | G E N P B F B K \ R B S C Z N F M G G \ K F C I E B , G V N K D T N K F C I E B . B N B : P B K [ K K Z E F B K [ K K Z ? { [ K K Z T Z C F V S I [ I N N F K G \ C T Z C [ C \ , B V K Y [ K \ G T K K N [ K \ . E . Y G [ K B R G S V \ C T R K K Q P S V Z F \ Y K T G \ C T Z C F V S I , T R K K Q [ F G H M Z C I N Y D ~ 15 | G B K Q P G S K V K Q T N P " I . ~ 16 | G N B ? G F B B K M B T Z C F V S I [ I N N F K G \ C [ C \ , E B K N Z C K K F G E F { I P [ K Q G I E B , B K N Z C R Q { I P [ K Q G [ C T ! ~ 17 | M K Y \ R K { P K E K E B K \ K F C M N [ R F , T Z C F V S I [ I N N F K G \ C [ C \ , E N K \ K F C M N [ R F G [ R F { N B Y \ R K . ~ 18 | B J G T Z C [ C \ [ C \ G L F I D P K B K \ K F C M N [ R F ? H K P R K Q E N B P [ M I \ N K F , G F K M K E P K { M D G Q [ I N K G O J G C Z B [ G Q C T Z C [ C \ . 687

Upload: others

Post on 02-Aug-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

B.CZKK\B

FPGCB\TNKEK

ZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB,GCF

PEZ[FNMF

NCPECZKI=K,

GVKZG[GNPEZ[

~1|MKB\BZCKBIBCZIRKRBPEZGPB,BKK\KP\RK\BCKEKF:GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTG

CIXXZG\{[BKQ\NPGENGPZK\YTG,[MCZRBPZG\YT\OCIXXZG\TNTN\KMOGTN

HCIK[NPKMO.GPF\NPGENGPZK\YTG?{FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ.

~2|FGB\RKNFGFGBBPZNF:NGPZ[\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU.

C.YG[KB

ZB[GRFTNZCK

BIBCZIRKRB,

TNVKEKGY

PP[R\RG,

G\KZGXKO[N

ZCKHKZBGZCB

~3|\RQ:TZC[C\[C\GLFIDFKG[OBZCTKOG[PRF.GBOBK\B,NK\RK:[C\[C\GL

FID,P[MI\NFIP[KQGIE!

~4|BPZZCKHKZB:NVK[BKQ\GYTKQNV\KI\[TZKOC[C\.

~5|BPZZCB:PBQFBENBI[NYKPIB?{IEB:ECMNKGO\RQ.GTGE:BKRPKMFEEK

RKRFG,NK\RK:[C\[C\GLFIDFKG[OBZCTKOG[PRF,E[PT\PKRF\Z\K:[PT\

PKRFEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYC,G[PT\PKRFEZCKBIBCZIRKRB.

~6|BNBBPZZCB:NVK[BKQ\GYTKQNPKNGKPKOC[C\,ECXZKJGCB.

D.YG[KB[RKKF

TNZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB,TNVK

EKGYP[R\RG,

\KZGWNYG[KB,

GEKGQC\KZGW

~7|GNK\RKRPK:ZB[F[RF[INNFKG\C[C\,EFBBKMB\N\BPGSVKQ:PGSUEZB[

F[RF,PGSUEZB[IGE[,PGSUE[C\!

~8|TZC[C\[C\GLFIDBKXJZKLNKF,NB[PTKRQMEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYC.

~9|BJGPKYBPZNK\RKFBGNBNK\RKFB?NK\RKFBGNK\RKFB!

~10|\RBG[KKZ.

~11|PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ?{[KKZTZCFVSI.

~12|BKP[GOTZCFVSI{NBG[KGZBFGB,EFBPRK{ZCKKFGEFFKB,EBPZ:PKPKFO

[NM\[NK[K\NBFDKTFNGPZBFC\KMKK[PTF’PVRK[FKGTPFPGTJKQ.

~13|FBBGYKPRBENBMZCKKFGEF!

~14|GENPBFBK\RBSCZNFMGG\KFCIEB,GVNKDTNKFCIEB.BNB:PBK[KKZEFBK

[KKZ?{[KKZTZCFVSI[INNFKG\CTZC[C\,BVKY[K\GTKKN[K\.

E.YG[KBRGSV\

CTRKKQPSVZ

F\YKTG\CTZC

FVSI,TRKKQ

[FGHMZCINYD

~15|GBKQPGSKVKQTNP"I.

~16|GNB?GFBBKMBTZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,EBKNZCKKFGEF{IP[KQGIEB,BK

NZCRQ{IP[KQG[CT!

~17|MKY\RK{PKEKEBK\KFCMN[RF,TZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,ENK\KFCMN[RF

G[RF{NBY\RK.

~18|BJGTZC[C\[C\GLFIDPKBK\KFCMN[RF?HKPRKQENBP[MI\NKF,GFKMKEPK{

MDGQ[INKGOJGCZB[GQCTZC[C\.

687

Page 2: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

~19|MKPYNTKRQKGOJGCZB[GQCTZC[C\,PEIKEIKRQNKF,PBKJTPB{MKGQEBKYNTKGO

JGCFZB[GQ[NIDNFKG\CTZC[C\,KGOFMKVGZKOBKP\FGK?{CIEC[C\,FNML

EIKRQNKF.

~20|GPKEIKRQNKF?GFB\RQ:INCK[C\YZKCKQCKGOFMKVGZKO,GBPZZCKHKZB:MKFGKRQCK

ZCCCCN,FGFBPZK:FBE\RKB:KGOFMKVGZKO[INNFKG\TZC[C\NBFKG\GYTKQ,

GCPGXBK[C\NBFKGPCEKNKQ{ECZKFMNFKB.MKSNKYK\NF\O,B[MI\KFNZCK

KFGEFCZKFEZCK[PTGQCQVHKEK\KCGYBPZ:ZCKTYKCBFKB!

~21|NBY[KB,FB{ZCRQ,FB{BIZKOFKB.E\RKB,BIZKOBGPZKO:BKQCKQTXZ\

NTXZ\,GBKQCKQZB[F[RFNZB[F[RFBNBBZCTFKPKOCNCE,GBOFK\F[RF

PTGCZ\{IP[F.

F.YG[KB

[NK[K\TNZCK

BIBCZIRKRB

PCZKK\B,\KZGW

NYG[KBGEKGQ

C\KZGW

~22|PK\KCK:ZB[IE[[INNFKG\C[C\{[KZ[NZB[IE[EGIF[KZ[N[C\.GBK

BK\B{NKPBE[C\GNKPBEZB[IE[!

~23|BPZZCSVZB:PBKEGIF?EGIFNYEO.

~24|GBPBK?\EKZG[BKRG\EKZ{\EKZYGEO!

~25|BPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG.

~26|GFBKFKMKZBTCEKRQ?FBFKMKZBBIZK\BTCEKRQ,E\RKB:INCK\PKE[N[IZRK\RKQ

PIXKMC[GNPJFCPHZI,G[NPGSVKQRK\RKQPIXKMC[GNPJFCPTZC,G[NZB[IE[

RK\RKQ\I\MZMGCFPHCIGNPJF.GBPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG.

~27|\ZKFKMKZBTCEKRQ,EIHKFBK{IHK,GIHKCFBK{IHK.

G.YG[KBZCKTK\

GPMZT\RDEZCK

BIBCZIRKRB,

PCZKK\BGCFPEZ[

FNMFNCPECZKK

~28|PK\KCK,E\RKZCBCZ[PGBN:KMGNM[O[\GYTKQTN[C\CVRKTXPGGTNZB[IE[

CVRKTXPG,MLKFKG\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU{\NPGENGPZGCZB[KIE[KMO,

~29|\KGC\BEZCKBIB\KGC\B.

H.CKZGZ

P[PTG\PEZ[

FFNMF

[CCZKK\B

~30|PBK\NPGEB?

~31|BPZBCKK:BPZYZBGCZB[KIE[KMO{FGY[GMNIE[KOMGNOHFNHF.

~32|ZCB[KBPZ:M\KCIE[MOGM\KCGCZB[K,GBKHFIE[[K[NG[RKZB[KO{FGK

BGPZHFZB[F[RF,GBPZZIPRBIE[MO{IEFKB.

I.YG[KB

IPK[K\RDEZCK

BIBCZIRKRB,

BUFKBPMZT\,

PCZKK\BCTRKKQ

[KZFNGKKO

CSGMG\

~33|GTGE,\RKB:CIGNG[NPGTE,CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKOFCGNF’CRKBNKO,C[RKPFFKG

BGPZKO{GNZ[TBPZBNFKO,C[NK[KPFFKGBGPZKO{PKKYGONKTOPZTKO,

CZCKTKPFFKGBGPZKO{CKRGCGTZKOCTO,CIPK[KPFFKGBGPZKO{FSKZG\KPSCN

[MPG,C[[KPFFKGBGPZKO{KPGJGMNPGSEKBZW.GBOIN[C\CBIEPFO{

KPGJGKEIF.

~34|ZCSVZBPRICFGSKPRB:FGPCF"K,ZCVVBPRICFGSPRB:FGPFC"K.GSKPRL:

BPCGFBESVZK.

~35|\KGC\BEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,\KGC\B.

688PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 3: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

J.FSCZKO

INGVKKONPEZ[

FFNMF[FCKB

ZCKBIBCZ

IRKRBCINYE,

NBGZEIKK\

FFNMF[NG

~36|GFBZCKBIBCZIRKRBYZBGP\RK\BYBPZ!

~37|BPZZCKRB:NGPZ[PBZKMKQC\YKTG\.

~38|ZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIBBPZK:NGPZ[PZCFC\GYTKQ.

K.VSYKFNMF

NDCKYZKB\

F\GZF[N

SGMG\CCCN,

[CFRGFDKGO

JGC[RK

~39|GBRQEBK\NQ\ZKKGPK,FMKTCEKRQ?{BCKKBPZ:[RKKEIF,ZCBBPZ:[CKTKKEIF.

~40|\RKBMG\KFEZCB:BOIN[C\NFKG\CBIEPFQ{KPGJGKEIF.

~41|B\YKQBPKPZCRFZETBEPENDKENGDK.

689 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 4: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

PSGZ\F\NPGE

~1|GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTGCIXXZG\.CPECZKI.G\YT\OCIXXZG\TNTN\KMOGTNHCIK[NPKMO.

CPECZKK.FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ.F[GGKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D)"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG"(.

~3|\RQ:TZC[C\[C\GLFIDFKG[OBZCTKOG[PRF.P[RFSGMFFF.~5|ENBI[NYKPIB.F[GG

VSIKOVET"B;KGPBPGT"B;KCPG\PCT"C.~7|F[GGKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D.~11|TZCFVSI.ZBG

P[RFVSIKOFF)"FVSIR[IJC[N[M\G\...\YTGGFZKTGG\YTG..."(;P[RF\PKEHD)"TNMNVZY,

\YKTF"(.~12|ZCKKFGEFFKB,EBPZ:PKPKFO...PGTJKQ.P[RFVSIKOFH.BFC\KMKK[PTF’.PHPGZ

YJHB.~13|FBBGYKPRBENBMZCKKFGEF.NTKN,RDT"C)VZYF,SGDKBKD,"\YKTG\",~1|(.~16|GBKQ

PGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF.P[RFSGMFFF.~19|MKPYNTKRQKGOJGCZB[GQCTZC[C\PEIKEIKRQ

NKF.F[GGCCNKZB[F[RFMT"B.~20|INCK[C\YZKCKQCKGF"M.P[RF[C\JGD.GBPZZCKHKZB...

ZCKTYKCBFKB.CCNK[C\YKET"B=T"C.~21|BIZKOBGPZKOBKQCKQTXZ\NTXZ\...PTGCZ\IP[F.

\GSV\BTZMKQBKB;CCNK[C\VHT"C;ZB[F[RFGT"C;MT"B;TZMKQJT"B.~22=23|[KZ[NZB[

IE[EGIF[KZ[N[C\....EGIFNYEO.KZG[NPK[YNKOIE,RBT"C;SGMFFG,RFT"E)"[KZG[N[C\

G[KZG[NZB[IE[[KZG[NZB[IE[YGEO"(.~25|BPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG.

KZG[NPK[O.~26|INCK\PKE[N[IZ...G[NZB[IE[RK\RKQ\I\MZMGCFPHCIGNPJF.ZBGP[RF

[YNKOII.~28|GCZB[KIE[KMO.CPECZKK.~33|CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO....F[GGP[RF\PKEHE;

CCNKZB[F[RFNBT"B.FCGNF’CRKBNKO.PHPGZMJB.GNZ[TBPZBNFKO.PHPGZRJH.PKKYGONK

TOPZTKO.PHPGZXEJH.CKRGCGTZKOCTO.PHPGZXEI.FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG.PHPGZVBH.KPGJGMN

PGSEKBZW.PHPGZVCF.~38|ZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIBBPZK:NGPZ[PZCFC\GYTKQ.F[GG

KZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D)"ZCRQEYKSZKQC[OZ’KTYCCZBIB...NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\"(.~40|BO

IN...KPGJGKEIF.NTKN,~33|.

Z["K

[BKQ\NPGENGPZK\YTGBNBGCRKBFZQCIXGXZG\.FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQPVZ[GBHKNNKF.FGB

\RKNKFZCKBIBE\RKNF{FGBBPZNF.NGPZ[\GYTKQMG’FGBFKFPVZ[NF,EPBKFMNNVK

FPGSVKQEYBPZKRQ,[\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSUKGO[K[CG[\KYEG[G\,MDGQ[C\GKGOJGC,GXZKL[RK

PGSVKQ,\GYTKQNMNPGSU{[BGPZKONPGSU[C\[KZ[N[C\,G\GYTKQ\[T\YKTG\N[N[F

VZYKO,GNPGSUKGOJGC{[KZ[NKGOJGC,G\GYTKQ\[T\YKTG\.GBOBK\BE\GYTKQTNMNPGSU{

NK\RK[C\[C\GLFID.[BKQ\GYTKQNV\KI\[TZKOC[C\[BKRFNPXGFM\YKTG\[NYZCQ,EM\KCK

CYZBG\YT\OCIXGXZG\TNTGNG\KMO,BCNFRLNSKPRBRKRFG,[K[PTGGKCBGNPTPEOGNEGMRO{

GNBEIG[C\,FNML,FEZFGGNFBZCTKOG[PGRF.PBQFBE\ZKWFMK.ENBI[NYKPIBJGIQGPGXKB

SGCKQ,GBKRGIG[[,MNGPZ:PZCFECZKO[BKRO.IEBEP\RK\KQ\RQCMNKGOFKG[OBI\GT[ZKO,GPRK

V\KI\[TZKOCFEKKFG,GBOBKROC[C\{RPXB[VGI\KQPBI\GT[ZKO.GTGEBKRPKMKFEEKRKRFG

MNGPZ:BVKNGNECZKG,[BKQ\GYTKQNV\KI\[TZKOC[C\,GFGGNFGRPKC[C\[C\GLFIDBZCTKO

G[PGRF,MEFGGBZCTKOG[PGRFCTZC[C\[C\GLFID,NK\RK[C\[C\GLFIDEFBFGFNKFNPK\RK,

GNPK[CYTZC[C\.EFB[PTKRQPKRF\Z\K[PT\PKRFEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYC{EBKQ\GYTKQNPTNF

FT[KZK\BNBTNDCKFPHCI,MEYBPZNFGGBHKN,G[PTKRQPKRKFEZCKBIBE\GYTKQTNMNPGSU,

EBKNG:[N[FNFCEKNG[N[FNFCJKNB[PTKRQCZK[B,GBPBK[CYF,G\RB:TZC[C\,GNBB[PTKRQ

PKN\BIE\B,BNBEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYCNIGEB.NVK[BKQ\GYTKQNPKNGKFPKOC[C\[MCZR\PNBG

PTZC[C\,ME\RQCVZYNGNCGTZCF)NTKNSGMFPI,C(:BNB[FKFPPNBPTZC[C\.GCXZKNFG

JGCBMNFRGSVG\CID{E[TZTNKGQG\I\GQ,G[TZFPKO,GNDCKPHCI,GCXZKNFGRPKENFCJKN

GNFCEKNETZC[C\,GBKMBJGCB.GNK\RKZB[F[RFMG’NZCKBIBPG\CKRQ,BOBK\BE\GYTKQNMN

PGSU,NK\RKZB[F[RF[INNFKG\C[C\,FKG[OBZCTKOG[PGRF:T[ZKOGBI\[CMNKGO,GT[ZKO

G[CT[N[N[FPGSVKQ.MEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYCEPRKNFG,GNBI[KCENPTNFFT[KZK\.TZCFVSI

[K[C[IKJ\VSIT[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\,[FVSIR[IJC[N[M\G\{M\BIZM\,MEBPZC\PKE

R[IJ)VSIKOSE,B(,GMNM\YGZBF{B\FFNN[N[VTPKO{[FKGVSIKFOPZGCKQ,GFKGJTGRKQ

FNNC[IKJ\O,GNBFKGPSVKYKQN[IGJVSIOMNM\GM\,TE[KYZBGFG[N[VTPKO,GBUTNDCE\RQ

F\O:BUTNVK[NB[KN[GPKPKFQ{FKKRGNBDPZGVTO[NK[K\MGNG,BCNPKFG,BKQM\[NBFK\F

DGPZ\G[\KVTPKOGP\IN\CGVTO[NK[K\,GBKQISZPQF\YKTG\MNGO,[C\IKN\YZKB\G\GYTKQ,

GMNYZKBF[N[\YKTG\.NBFDKTFNBFC\K[NYZKBFZB[GRF,GBKQCFBNB[N[\YKTG\,PVRK

690PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 5: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

[TPFPGTJKQ[C[\KM\G\FZB[GRG\R\PNBFFTHZFNMNM\,GR[BZM\[NK[K\CPTJ,GNBFKF

[IKJ\VSIKFQPBZM\,CMEKYZKB\[N[FNNG\.GFBPZ\ZK[BENBMZCKKFGEF{EBKZCKKFGEF{

\YKTFG\ZGTFG\YKTFCIEBPRKNFG?SCZNFMGG\KFCIEB{CTZCFVSI,GVNKDTNKFCPRKQ

F\YKTG\.GBNB{FGBKNGBKMBNBGYPFMZCKKFGEF{PBK[KKZ,EFBK[KKZ.TZCFVSI[INNFKG\

CTZC[C\EBVKY[K\{P\YKTG\M\[NK[K\{MZCKKFGEF.GTKKN[K\{EMNTZC[C\,EFCJNF

GFCENF.GNBPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF,GNBC\PKFFDZSKRQNKF.EBKNZCKKFGEFIP[KQGIEB

T[ZKOGBI\[CMNKGOG\[TFEPGSVKQ{FZK[N[KO,G[PGRFT[ZFE[\KM\G\,G[N[FEM\

[NK[K\{FZKIP[KQGIEB.HKPRKQENBP[MI\NF[KFGCG\YKTG\EPKNGKFPKOEP\RK\KQ.GFKMK

EPKMDGQ[INKGOJGCFZB[GQCTZC[C\E[PI\CK\F[GBCFNBEIKBKGOJGC,ME\RQ:PGXBKKGO

JGCMG’,GMKPJK\GTZC[C\{FGFNKF[PKRKTXZ\.PKEIBEIKRQNKFGTCEKRQNKFBNGNPTGCZ,MK

FKMKENKYNTZB[F[RFC[C\.PBKJTPBMG’CIEC[CB{GIKK[KRQP[GOKZYKKBGP[GOP\KKB,

MEBK\BCZB[F[RF)M,B(.GF\RQVZYBNGY[ZKO[C\,YKD,B.INCK[C\[N\PKE[NCKQFTZCKO,

YZKCKQCKGOFMVGZKO[INCPGXBK[C\,BNPB,IKKNKGOFMVGZKOCPGXBK[C\.GBPZZCKHKZBF\O

CBNGY[ZKO.MKFGKRQCCCNFGFBPZKFBE\RKBKGOFMVGZKO[INNFKG\CTZC[C\NBFKG\GYTKQ

NFCJKNGNFCEKN,P[GOEKGOFMVGZKORPKNBGPNBMFTCKE.GCPGXBK[C\GBOINKGOFMVGZKO

NFKG\CPGXBK[C\.NBFKGPCEKNKQTNFMGSCKQYGE[NYGE[MEZL[PCEKNKQP[C\NKGOJGC{

EF\OFGB[FKGXBIPGZ,GFRMRSYN,BCNMBQFRMRSIPGZ,MKGXBNTRKQMNBKSGZPNBMF{GFGF

BPZKRQECZKFMNFKB{CKQNZCKK[PTBNCKQNZCKTYKCB,EVNKDKDCKINCK[C\YZKCKQCKGO

FMVGZKOPK\GYPB.MKSNKYK\NF\OB[MI\KFNZCKKFGEFCZKFEZCK[PTGQCQVHKEK\KCGYBPZZCK

TYKCBFKB{GF\OPVZ[NPKN\KF,PKFG[PTKRQRPKPCZKK\B{EINKGOFMVGZKOCPGXBK[C\.

FBZCRQFBBIZKOP\RK\KQZCRQEVNKDKBEBIZKO,GBPZK:PTCZKQFIE[NXGZL,FNMLZB[F[RF

CTZC[C\NBPKYNT{EEIKRQNKF,GFRLP\RK\KQ,EBPZK:PKYNT,GNBBPZKRQEIKRQ{BIZKOFKB,

EBPZKBKQPTCZKQB\FIE[NXGZL.BNBBZCTFKPKOCNCEBOHFCBIEC[C\KIGNN[RFFCBF

CIPK[KC[C\{EFKKRGBZCTFKPKO,GHFFSEZNVKPGNENCRFFGB:[CKQPGNENPGNET[ZKOG\[TF

KGOGPIXF,N[RKPGNEG\{IP[KOG\[TF,RPXBMNIE[KF[RFBIEPNBGBIEISZ,GBIZKO

SCKZBNFGEBKQPTCZKQGBKQPISZKQ[GOIGE[NXGZL,BNBYGCTKOZB[KIE[KO{BIEPNBGBIE

ISZNTGNO,RPXBCKQVSINVSIBZCTFKPKO,[[FPNBKOG[[FISZKO{[N[PBG\GIP[KO

GBZCTFKPKOFQ,[N[PBG\GIP[KOKPKO{IP[KO[CGTG\,RPXBGBZCTFK\KZKOCKQYCKT\[RF

HGNYCKT\[RFFCBF.GBOFK\F[RFPTGCZ\IP[FEYSCZ:IE[FTKCGZNTGNOISZ,T[ZKO

G[PGRFKPKO[NG{BZCTF[CGTG\,RPXBKGOBIEK\Z,\RFGTNBZCTFKPKO[C[RFV[GJF{FZK

IP[F.PK\KCKNZCKBIB,EBPZ:\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU.NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG{FBK

I[KCG\BTCEKRQNKFNFKMZB[KMKZGEV[KJBNFGNCK\EKQ,[YKE[GFGMFNM\G,GNBKDPDONCBEO

TNKG,EZGCCRKBEONBZBGIKEG[FNCRF.INCKF\PKEFGBFEKQNMNBCZKG,GMNBCZKTGNF{YZK

INCK.RK\RKQPIXKMC[GNPJFCPHZI[[FMFRKOFHGMKOCFGNM\BCZKO,MEBPZKRQCSEZKGPB)MH,

B(:PSEZKQBG\GC\I\K\G[NMC[,PIXKGGNPJFCPHZIG[NMC[,TE[KCBFPTNFGPYJKZQPQ

FMC[GNPHCI,GHFFKFSKPQ[FQ[N\PKE,[VTPKOFKGP\TMCKQBCZK\PKETEFPGSU,GFKFXZKL

FKMZ[NBKYJKZGNPGSVKQYGEONTGN\F\PKE,EFBPVYKRQPYZB[BKQ[GOYZCQYGEOTNFPTZMF

N\PKE[N[IZ,FNMLFKFXZKLFKMZ.G[NPGSVKQRK\RKQMRDEGCPTZCG[NMC[{[FMC[ZICG[[

T[ZFBPFPQFPHZINPTZC,GBGZMG[N[KOG[\KOPQFXVGQNEZGO.G[NZB[KIE[KOBCZKO[N

PGSVKZB[KIE[KOR\RKQFKGCMC[SPGLNMZMGCFPHCI{NPJFFKPRGPTJ,EFKKRG,CIXKFTNKGQ[N

MC[,[MNFMC[{BGZMG[N[KOG[\KOGBKRGP[VTGTGNFBNB\[TBPG\:F[[BPG\PQFBZW

NSGCC,GF[N[PQFSGCCGNPTNF{RPXBG[RK[NK[KBGZLFMC[PQFBZWNSGCC.GBPZZCKKGIRQ

NMLSGEZKQBG\QNPTNFP[BZBCZKO{NFZBG\[FQI[GCKQ,GNFGEKT[FGYCTFIE[CHPRG.KMGN

M[O[\GYTKQTNPGSU[NZB[IE[CVRKTXPGM[INCIGN,GTNPGSU[C\CVRKTXPFM[FKB

NCEF.ML\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSUM[INGNFKG\KIE.\NPGENGPZGCZB[KIE[KMODCK\YKTG\

M\KCGCKGO[PI\MOGCPGTEKMOGCZB[KIE[KMOG\YT\OGDG’.FGY[GMNFIE[KOMGNQNTRKQ\YKTG\,

[\YKTG\KFQ[GG\.[RKZB[KOZB[IE[GZB[F[RF,GYZKKFZIPRBIE[MO{ISZM\KCNTRKQ

\YKTG\.CIGNG[NPGTEESGMG\.PFFKGBGPZKOC[KZFPGSVKQ.CZB[GQCKGOZB[GQEIGNG[NPGTE.

BGPZKOFCGNF’GDG’MNFPHPGZTN[O[FKGO\IN\[PI\CK\F[GBCF{EFKKRG,MCGEGTGH,GCBG\G

PHPGZYGNF’TNFPKO{TN[ORKSGLFPKO.GNZ[TBPZMG’GMNFPHPGZECZKMCG[KQFQNRBSVKO

NTHZFNPXG\FID,G[PIKO[PI\FID,GPGMKIOPFNLNSVZIYK{MNGPZ:NPFNLNCBNCK\HF

TO[BZTPKBOBKRLIGHZC\[GCF,GCBG\GPHPGZM\KCHCINBNFKO\GEFG[NONTNKGQREZKL{TN

691 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 6: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

[IDFSGMG\HPQCN\BIZFGBN[N[ZDNKOMSEZQ,GSGUFPHPGZHGCI\GEFKMCERRKG[OEZLBZBRG

GDG’.PKKYGONKTOPZTKO{GCKRGCGTZKOCPHPGZBIEFO,GCKRGCGTZKOPGYEO,GPKKYGONKPBGIZ{

GFOPYEKPKQB\FPBGIZ,GRZBFCTKRK,PVRK[VZ[\PKKYGONKPECZ\TNXZG\Q[FKGP[GTCEKQ

CCK\[RK\I\PNMKVZS,GPNMKKGQ,GPNMKZGPK,GBUTNVKMQ,BKRQRPRTKOPN[PGI[PI\PNMO,

GP\VNNKO:PKKYGONRGNFXKNRGPQFPZTKOFBNFNGNKF’THZ\FNKMPTJ[MRFEGPFRV[KBO

BPZ\KPJFZDNKGDG’[ZTVKCYZCK\RIGPKLK[T[TG,MNGPZ:BUNVKXZG\KRGBKQBRGRPRTKQPNCB

NF[\T[TC\RIGPKLGMG’,TESGUFPHPGZ,GNPIZCKRGCGTZKOCTO{PVRK[TM[KGHPQP\RG\TRKKO,

[FGBHPQBSKU,HPQNYJ[MIFGVBF,GPT[ZTRK,GM[PDKTKQKPKOFBIZGRKO,[FQYZGCKONVZG[

GN[GCNC\KFOYGZKQNVRKFQ,NFGMKIO[KT[ZGMZBGK,GBUTNVK[FPT[ZG\CXRTF,GNBKBPZG:PK

ZGBRGGPKKGETRG,NMLBGPZCKRGCGTZKOCTO{[BGPZKOCNCO:PKKDKEPT[KRGFRGJTBHQFNBK[PT

BOKGXZTKQFNBKCKJFKGSZDGKOFNBKGMKIGDG’TEPKKYGONK.FSKZG\KPSCN[MPGECZK\RIGPKQFQ,

BO\HMGCXZFYZB\GBINXLBTRLCS\ZZTO,BCIRLTNPKPZKCFMG’{TNFPKO[RKEGRKQTNKFO

CID,NVKPF[BRKCGIRLBVSGYNL,TN[O[P\VNNKQTNFD[PKOGXZKMKONFO,GM\KCCPHPGZHF

BRMKF’BNFKLFPTNLPBZWPXZKOFZICVKLGBPNBFG{[B[NINMOCZMF,GSGUFPHPGZ

GKBMKNFGPINCIJFGDG’.KPGJGMNKPGJGMNPGSEKBZW{CPHPGZBNFKORXCCTE\BN,GBGPZKOMN

FPHPGZTN[O[M\GCCGTRKGZ[FXEKYG{BNGPT[ZG\,[MLFGBREZ[CIGNKQ:XEYP[NLG\QNG,

CVZYFHZGT)YNE,B(,NBKETGGNBKCKRGGPK[BKRGRG\QNCGNFCKQNMLCI[MFK\FNMG{HGPK\F,

ME\RQ)BCG\V"FP"J(:CBZCTFVZYKOFECZP\ZCFMG’CPGXBKFID[CMN[RFPVRKDHNP\RG\

TRKKO{GDGZOYNNFNTGNOGZTCGQ[KPGJGMNBVSKBZW.GBOIN[C\CBIEPFQ{KEIG[KZFPGTE

PNVRK[KZ[C\.KPGJGKEIF[FGB[KZBIZGQGREIF,PVRK[BPZGCBIEC[C\[KZ[FKFZBGKNGPZ

B\PGN{[BKQPENDKQSEZF[KZ,GC[RK{[KZ[NBIEC[C\RPXBFBIZGQREIF.FGPFC"KSKPQ

SEZFVZ[KG\FGB,GPINKUNFYEKOFSKZG\KNCKRGCGTZKOCTO.GSKPRL[NB\JTFBKHFSKPQ[NZC

SVZB.BPCGFBESVZKDEGEKBR[KOGR[KO,ZDKNKONFNLCPCGK[NPNPEK\KRGYG\,[F\KRGYG\

GBCG\KFOGBPG\KFOPXGKKQBXNO,BUMBQPK[[PGSVZB,FKFSKPRGFGPCF"K,[EGPFN\KC\

BPCGFB.\KGC\BEZCKBIBEBPZ:\GYTKQTNMNPGSU{BNPB,EBPZNMNBIE[KZG,GFMBY\RK:

KPGJGKEIF{BNPB,NBBPZGC[C\[NIGNFPGTEBNB[KZ[N[C\.BPZZCKRBNGPZ[PBZKL

C\YKTG\CZKK\BY\RKS\PBFMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ,GZCKBIBVKZ[F:[\GYTKQTNMNPGSU,GNB

FGFNKFNVZG[KFMK,EGEBKBKQBGPZBNB[KZBIE,GBKQMBQBNB\[T\YKTG\N[N[FVZYKF[KZ,

GCZKK\BYBP[PTNQ[PBZKLCP[LF\YKTG\,M[K[[RKPGSVKQ,GBGPZKQF[KZNBIZ[YZCGRSMK

[RKFO.[PZCFC\GYTKQ[PGSKVKQIXGXZG\,G\GYTKQKIE,GMGNFGIEPKI[CK{E\RQCTZMKQ)KD,B(:

BKQVGI\KQP[\KIXGXZG\GP\[TMRGZG\GPGSKVKQTENTGNO.BRQEBK\NQ\ZKKGPKFKMKTCEKRQ{

P[GOEBKKZKC[\KVZ[KG\FPBGZTG\NKGO,EEIKRQIEBPKRF,YCTKNFGBRQEPKCTKNQNPKPZ

CXNG\BEPGSVKQB\PGSVKFKGO,GYZCRG\FIDBKRQ[GKQ,[FVZKOP\PTJKQGFGNMKQ,GBK\NQ\ZKKGPK

KGOJGCPSVKYB,GNBPXKRGNPKPZCKGOJGC[RKVZ[\GCKGOF[RK,EBOMQTCEKRQNKFIGN,GPKCTKNQ

NPKPZCKFGCIP[FT[ZKGO{MKGPBYPB,FKMKTCEKRQCZB[GQ[NIGNFPGTEGC[BZFKPKO,PK

BPZKRQCKGPBYPBGCKGOF[RK{EFGFNQNPKPZPB\PGN,GMQMSEZ,GRPXB[CKGOF[CKTK[NTZCF

RBPZGCKGOF[[K,GTNMZIL,NPIZ[FGBKGOJGC,NBPXK\NPKPZGCKGOF[CKTK,EBOMQTCE\NKF

IGN,GRPXB[CKTKREIF,BGENPBKGPBYPBBPZKRQGCKGOF[NK[KG[RKREIFPPYGPG,PVRK[FGB

SVY{KEIFNDPZK.KPGJGKEIF[FGBBIZGQ,BNPB,VZ[F[REIFFKGO{BGPZKOBG\FNPIZ,

GBIZGRFRTYZ\.B\YKQBPKPZEPENDKENGDK{GRPXBGMGNQTGPEKQ,BGPZKQCKGOZB[GQ[NIGNFPGTE

CKGOF[RKGCKGOF[NK[KSVY[RKSVY[NK[K.GNPIZBGPZKOCKGOF[NK[KGCKGOFZCKTK,GC[NK[K

EIGNFPGTE{CKGOFZCKTKGCKGOFIPK[K,GCZCKTK{CKGOFIPK[KGCKGOF[[K,GCIPK[KEIGN

FPGTE,[FGBFG[TRBZCB,BGPZKOCKGOF[[KGCKGOF[CKTKMSVKYG,GFKKRGENGDK{[BGPZKOFKGO

PF[BPZGB\PGN,MEBPZKRQ)PDKNFMC(DCKZB[IE[{ZCBPZ:EGND{[BGPZF[RKBIEPQ

FVSGYKO[BPZZB[GQ,GMKFKMKEB\YKQBPKPZNTRKQ\VNFTCEKRQRPKNTRKQYGZBKF\GZF,[FZCKTK

FYGZB,[FGBPGSUCIGNG[NFPGTE,KG\ZP[BZKPKO,GRKMZ[FGBCBNMCGEFKGO,FGBYGZBB\

SVKYKFKGO,MPG[[NKIXCGZBGPZQ,GBO[C\FGB{YGZBQFPVJKZ,GF[N[F[YGZKQ\IKNF,BKQ

PYVKEKQTNYZKB\O{KYZBGPF[KZXG,GPMNPYGO,MLFKGRGFDKQZCG\K{[RKZB[GRKOYGZBKO

[RKOSVKYKFKGO,GF[NK[KCVZ[\KGOFPIZ\,[BKRFPSVKYG\FKGOMNN,GFZCKTKIGHZGYGZBPF

[YZBG[RKOFZB[GRKO.

692PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 7: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

\YXKZ

NVKP[RFSGMFFF\YTG"\[TNPGSVKQ".SGDKBHGVG\I\CCZKK\B[FGCBFNCCNTNKEK

ZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GNVKFPSVZF\YKTG\[\YTGNPGSVKQFRG"NVKFPGSVKQ",GZCKBIB

CZIRKRBPSCKZ[FMGGRFFKB[\GYTKOTNMNPGSUGPGSU.FDPZBPY[FTNZCKBIBCZ

IRKRBPMPFPYGZG\,MGNNP[RFSGMFFFTXPF,[BKRFNGYI\CI[CGQB\FBV[ZG\

[NZKCGKPGSVKQ.BUTNVK[P\ZXKOB\FYG[KBPQFP[RF,PGCBG\MZBKG\PMZKTG\

RDEZCBIBCZCKIRKRBCZKK\G\[NVKFQ[ZGPHPGZBIENKGOCPYE[,BUCPYZF[N

ZKCGKPGSVKQ,GFCZKK\B[NVKF\GYTKO"NVKFPGSVKQ"P\VZ[\PIE[MTRKKQNBGZL

F\YKTG\BGNPSVZFIXGXZG\.CTYCG\BHMGZFPHPGZKO[[ZGCPYE[CMNKGOPKPKFID

PS\KKP\FSGDKBCEKGQCYZKB\F\GZF[NIDFSGMG\CCCN,[OK[SVYBEKGPB.

CKQFPSYRG\FTGNG\PQFRK\GI:)B(PQFPYCKNFCKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RDT"D=T"EP\CZZ

[ZCKBIBCZIRKRBJTQCPYGZ[F\YKTG\R\YTG"NVRKFPGSVKQ"GNB"NVKFPGSVKQ".BKQ

CTPEFHG,BGCTPEFFINGVK\FP[\PT\PQFSGDKBGNVKF\YTGCTKXGPF[NFYZC\

FPGSVKQ,MEKNZPGH[PSVZF\YKTG\TNFCTYCG\FTNKKFCPSVZFYZCRG\,MVK[PGXT

CSGDKB[NRG.)C(FTGZLFBIZBKNPSKZ\PSGZ\HGCCCNSCZ[\GYTKOTNMNPGSU

GPGSUCTYCG\FVZ[RG\[NGNP[RF\PKEHD,[NVKFR\YTG\[T\YKTG\FPGSVKQ

C[T\[KZ\FNGKKO[NKGG\FB\FRSMKO.PMBQFSKYCTNFDPZB[NRG[\YTGTNMN

RSLGRSL,EFKKRGTNMNPGSUGPGSU.BLRZBF[P[RF\PKEHDP\KKIS\BLGZYNPYZF

FPKGIE[CGFMGFQFDEGNTXPGPYZKCYZCQ.)D(CRKDGENYGRXRHGSCPIYZGNVKGFCKJGK

"GBKQPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF"[CBPXTFSGDKB~15|FRGVKSYBIE[FPQFP[RF,

FPXKDF"SGDKBC\GLSGDKB",RJTQMBQ[FEKGQFPGXDCTYCG\VKSYBHGFRGINYBKRJDZNK

PQFSGDKBFRGMIK\:YG[KBRGSV\TNZCBIBCZIRKRB.FYGRXRHGSPCGSSTNFFRIF

[NVKFSGDKBNGG\F[IKJ\FVSICT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\BGKG\ZNVKMNFETG\,BLRK\Q

NFGMKITNVKP[RFVSIKOFF[PSVZF\YKTG\CPTPEHFRTCKQ[NG[N\[T.FPSVZ

FZC[N\YKTG\[NKGGB\[IKJ\FVSINVKFSGDKBBKRGBNBCF\BONET\ZCKBIBCZ

IRKRBMVKFKBPGXD\C\IKN\FSGDKB,FPIKKC\VK[NG[\YKTG\,\YKTFTNMNYZCQ

GYZCQ,GCPYZF[NFVSITNMNM\GM\[[IJGB\VSIKFO.)E(FCZKK\BFPGRFB\

PHPGZKIDFSGMG\~33|FKK\FCPYGZZ[KPFINGVK\[NPHPGZKONKPG\F[CGTCKPKIGN.

PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF

PCRFFSGDKB

NVKP[R\RG,SGMFFF,CMNKGOFKGT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\CPYE[{MGNN\[T\YKTG\

N\PKE[N[IZG\[T\YKTG\N\PKE[NCKQFTZCKKO{"GCPGSVKQFKGPGSKVKQTGE\[T".

P[R\RGBKRFPVZJ\MKXERFDGCKPKO[CFOFCKBGKG\ZPYZCQPGSUBIE,MDGQ[C\ZB[

IGE[,KGOJGC[INC[C\BG[C\IGNFPGTE,BGZB[F[RF,[K[CGDOPGSVKQP[NTXPG

GDOPGSVKZB[IGE[.CINYB[NFSGDKB[NRG~1|RBPZ[FBPGZBFBZW-K[ZBNKZCBIBCZ

IRKRB,M[FDKTPEZGPF[NBZWK[ZBNNCCN,1

FCKBCZKK\BCREGQ,GCFPEZ[FNMF:

GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTGCIXXZG\{[BKQ\NPGENGPZK\YTG,[MCZRBPZG\YT\O

CIXXZG\TNTN\KMOGTNHCIK[NPKMO.GPF\NPGENGPZK\YTG?{FMNNVKFPGSVKQ

\GYTKQ.

PEZ[FNMFHFBKRGPGMZNRGP[GOPYGZ\RBK,2

GBUFNKPGEBKRGCZGZMNXGZMG:MKXERK\Q

NNPGEPQFPKNF"K\YTG"[CCPECZKI[\GYTKONVKFPGSVKQEGGYB?GPFVKZG[FCKJGK"NVK

1ZBGNFNQ,TKGRKFVKZG[NVKSYB~1|.

2KSGEFCZKK\BCTPEFFPGCB\CPYCKNFCKZG[NPK,BLP[PTFFPYGZK[NFTPEF)"MPBQEBPZNVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG"(

[GRFPBGEPQFEZL[CFFKBPGXD\MBQ,GBKQHFCZGZBOPEGCZCTPEF[N\RBKOBG[NBPGZBKO.ZBGNFNQ,’PFNLFSGDKB

G\GNEG\KF:FPYCKNFCKZG[NPK’,G’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:P[RF\PKEHDGDK[\CTNFDPZB[NRGN\YKTG\[NFYZCRG\’.

693 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 8: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FPGSVKQ"?ZCBIBCZIRKRBPVZ[B\FEZ[FML:FPXGGF"GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTG

CIXXZG\"[CCPECZKI,[BKQCFIKEG[NTGP\PXG\F\YKTF"CKGO[PI\MOGCPGTEKMO

GCZB[KIE[KMO"[CCPECZKK,CBFNZCG\\YKTG\RVZEG\NMNYZCQPGSU~2|.TNFNMFHG

PY[KOPP[R\RGGPSEZF[NCZKK\G\.CINYKOCG-D[NFSGDKBPY[KOTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB

PP[R\RG,[BKRFPGRFB\FKPKO[CFOK[YZCQPGSUMVGN,MDGQ[C\IGNFPGTE~3|BGZB[

F[RF[INC[C\~7|,CKQFKPKO[CFO\GYTKOB\FPSVZFPZCK[N\YKTG\,BUTNVK[DO

CFO\GYTKONMBGZFBZCTKO[PGRF\YKTG\.NBIZPMQPY[KOTNECZKZCBIBCZIRKRB

PCZKK\G\RGSVG\[NVKFQC[C\ZB[IGE[GC[C\IGNFPGTE[ZG[KZBIE[NKGOGNB[RKKO

~22G=33|.CTNFDPZB[NRGSCGZ[F\YKTG\[N\PKEKQGPGSVKQNKGGB\[KZ\FNGKKO,GNMQFGB

PCKQ[C\GZNKGGKN[KZFCGEE\YTGSEZFBI\[N\YKTG\CNCE.MVK[RZBFNFNQ,\VKSFHG,

FYG[Z\CKQF\YKTG\N[KZ\FNGKKO,FKBCCIKR\IKEG[[NCTNFDPZB[NRG,3

GFKBFM\KCF

B\FEZL[CFTKCECTNFDPZB[NRGB\FIGPZKOFBZW-K[ZBNKKO[FDKTGNKEGGR[\PZG

CXGZF[GRFPBGECPYCKNFCKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D=T"E.4

ZCG\PQFYG[KG\FNNGPK\ZXG\TNKEKBPGZBKCCN~4=6,23|GCTNFDPZB~8=14,24=26|,INYQ

C[GVKGINYQCEGIY.5

BLCTNFDPZB[NRG6

PY[FDOPCZKK\BFPGCB\TNKEKFBPGZBZCB

CZ[PGBN,FIGNY\PVGZ[G\TNPEZ[FFNMF[NZCBIBCZIRKRB~28|,GYG[KBHGRI[C\

NPMZT\~29|.DOFYG[KB[CVKSYB~33|,CTRKKQ[C\IGNFPGTESGMG\,R\VS\MPMZT\~35|:

BKQ\GYTKOBNBSEZFBI\[N\[T\YKTG\NMNPGSVKFKGO.NBIZEIKK\FVZ[RG\[NZCK

BIBCZIRKRBNPEZ[FFNMF[FGBFCKBNCCN,PGXTKOVKZG[KORGSVKONCKJGK"FMNNVK

FPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"[CPEZ[FFNMF:\GYTKOBPRO\[T\YKTG\CNCECKQNPGSUBIECKQ

NPGSVKQZCKO,BCNCPYZF[NZKCGKPGSVKQPBZKMKOC\YKTG\)NVKZCKRB~37|(BGPGSKVKO

\GYTKO)NVKZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIB~38|(.FSGDKBPS\KKP\CEKGQCYZKB\F\GZF[N

KPKIGNFPGTESGMG\CCCN,[OIGDDKO[RKKPKKGOJGC~39=41|.

CINYD[NFSGDKBPY[KOTNZCKBIBPZB[F[RF[INC[C\.NET\ZCKBIB,[\GYTKO

"\[TNPGSVKQ"TNMNPGSUGPGSU,BPGZKONFKG\T[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\PGSVKQCKGOHF:\[T

N[C\,\[TNZB[IGE[G\[TNZB[F[RF.RPXB[SLMNF\YKTG\CKGOHFFGBBZCTKO

G[PGRF:T[ZKOGBI\[CMNKGOGTGET[ZKOG[CTNPGSVKQ.BZCTKOG[PGRFFGBFPSVZ

FPZCK[N\YKTG\NVKP[R\RG,GF\RBFKFKMGNNFCKBB\FEGDPF[NZB[F[RF[IN

C[C\CPYGO,BGCRGSU,NEGDPF[FCKB,[NTZC[C\[C\GLFID~7=9|.TNMLP[KCCTN

FDPZB"\RBG[KKZ"~10|,\[GCFSCKZFGPGMZ\.CTNFDPZB[GBN,MEZMQ[NMPFSGDKG\

"\RBG[KKZ",7

"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ",P\GLFRIF[BOK[[\KEGDPBG\CNCEFKFF\RB

PCKBB\[\KFQ,GP[KC"[KKZTZCFVSI"~11|,BGNZCKKFGEF,[KKZ"TZCFVSI[INNFKG\

CTZC[C\"~12=14|.

RPXB[NVKCTNFDPZB[NRGRINYGZCKKFGEFGIMPKOC[BN\PSVZF\YKTG\[\YTGC[T\

[IKJ\FVSI{NIMPKO\YTGT[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\,\[TNMNBI\P[NG[FM\G\[[IJG

B\FVSI,BLNVKZCKKFGEF,[SCGZCP[RFVSIKOFF[FM\F[NK[K\YZBFZYM[NK[PQ

FFNN,TE"BFC\KMKK[PTF’"~12|,\YTGZY[NG[\YKTG\NM\F[NK[K\CPYGO\[T,GSL

FMGN\YTGT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\C[T\[IKJ\FVSI,GC\GSV\T[ZKOGBI\F\YKTG\[N

MNKGOFKKRGBZCTKOG[\KKO.NZCKKFGEF[KKZ,BVGB,F\RBTZCVSI[INNFKG\CTZC[C\,

3FKBPZGPH\CP[RF\PKEHD,BLRK\QNVZ[P[RFHGDOCEZMKOBIZG\.ZBGNFNQ,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:P[RF

\PKEHDGDK[\CTNFDPZB[NRGN\YKTG\[NFYZCRG\’.

4ZBGNFNQ,’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:FPYCKNFCKZG[NPK’.

5TNVZJKFYG[KG\FNNGGF\KZGXKORTPGENFNQ,CTKGRKFVKZG[.

6KK\MQ[PEGCZCCTNDPZB[GRF.BV[Z[FSGDKBFPYGZK\,[YEPFNZCKRB,F[\ZTFTNVRKINYKOB=E[NFSGDKB~1=27|

CNCE,GCTNDPZBRGSU,TGZLC\Z-BPGZBK,FGBFBIZBKNINYKOF=K~28=41|.ZBGNFNQ,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:

ZGCEKTZKMFCSGDKB’.

7ZBGE’FNCRK,PYGZG\GPSGZG\,PGTE,KZG[NKO\[N"F,TP’ZPJ,GFTZF12[O,GXKGRKOGFVRKG\[O.

694PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 9: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

[FZKBHRGSVG[[F\YKTG\[NMRKS\F[C\NBZCTKOG[\KKO,GSLFMGN\YTGBZCTKO

G[PGRF\YKTG\.

NBIZFEKGQC\YKTG\[NTZCFVSICINYD[NFSGDKB~11=14|RPXBINYE,[BUFGBTRKKRG

PSVZF\YKTG\CTZCFVSI.NET\ZGCFVZ[RKOGFIGYZKO[F\KKISGNSGDKBINYHFBKRG

BNBEKGQPGSDZ[BKRGY[GZNCZKK\BFPGCB\CZB[FSGDKBBGN[KJ\ZCKBIBCZIRKRB.

EKGQHFBURV\ICVKSYBIE[FPP[R\RG~15|,PF[NMBGZFPXCKTTNML[PEGCZCKIKEF

RVZE\[[GCXFP[GOPFCBPXTFSGDKB[NRG.TRKKRG[NINYEFGB,NET\ZGCFVZ[RKO

GFIGYZKO,YG[KBMNNK\TNP[R\RG,PEGTBKQP[R\RGPHMKZFB\F\YKTG\FZCG\[NTZC

VSI[INC[C\,BU[NVKIK[GCKO[GRKOSLF\YKTG\CTZCVSI[INC[C\PDKTNIPK[KO

GBI\BGIPK[KOG[CT\YKTG\,[FGBKG\ZPQFPSVZFPZCKNVKP[R\RG,BZCTKOG[PGRF

~16|.FDPZBPSCKZF[FP[RFPR\FB\TZC[C\[C\GLFIDMKGO[CGFPSVZFPZCK[N

\YKTG\P[GO[FGBIN[RFC[RF,NTGP\TZCVSI[BKRGINC[C\[RFC[RF~17|.HB\

NVK[KJ\IK[GCFNGIFRGFD\CKPKRGGPYGCN\TNPYX\F\RBKOGNVKFTZC[C\INC\GL

FIDMN[RF,P[GO[KGOJGCZB[GQGBIZGQ[NIDBKROKMGNKONIGNCKGO[K[K~18=21|.

BL\GVTFHG[NEKGQPGSDZFRV\ICVKSYBPQFP[RF,CTKXGPF[N[YNBGJZKBCTRKKQBIZ,

FKBPBGEKGXB\EGVQ.NVKFVZ[RKOGFIGYZKO,INYE[NFSGDKBPXJKKZMTKQSGDKK\"DGVB",

BLFGBBKRGCBNBIZFSGDKBFZB[GRFBNBYGJTB\ZXUFEKGQF\NPGEKCCZKK\B[NZCK

BIBCZIRKRB.GNBTGEBNB[SGDKBCSKSK\HGRCNT\C\GLFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB,

MBKNGFKBJVNFNG,BU[K[CFYG[KBK[KZFTNP[R\RGCTRKKQCSKSKPBGE.EGEFNCRKFXKT

[INYEFGBFINYFYEGOCKG\ZCSGDKB,GFGBFKFPGSCDOPNM\IKNFFK[ZTNP[R\RG,BL

NBIZ[[KCXGN\GLFDPZBB\FEKGQCCZKK\B[NZCKBIBCZIRKRB[KNCGN\GMGB\FSGDKB

FYKKP\,[FKK\FPGSC\TNP[RF,P[GO[FKBTGSY\C\YKTG\[NTZCFVSI[TNGDO

CEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB.8

MKGXBCHFPXKTRITPKRI[KSGEINYE[CSGDKB[NRGCCCNK

TZMKQ,[MQFVKSYBPP[RFSGMFFF"BKQVGI\KQPT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\CPYE[,GBKQ

PGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF"PGVKTFDOCP[RFTZMKQCD.NBIZDKCG[FSGDKBFTKYZK\[NRG,

FPGSC\TNECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB[CVKSYBG\~1=2|,GBDCBHMGZF\YKTG\[NTZCVSI

CSGDKBTKYZK\HG~11=14|,FGTCZINYE,[TRKKRGF\YKTG\[NTZCVSIG[PYGZGFKFCCCNK

TZMKQ,PTZMKQNMBQ,GNBR[\KKZHMZNSGDKBHGCCCNKTZMKQ[NVRKRG.9

[IHGZKOBNG[N\GNEG\FSGDKBPGY[KOCKG\Z.BOBMQFKFNINYE[NFSGDKBYKGOTXPBK

CJZO[GCWCSGDKB[NRGFKFFEKGQFTKYZKXZKLNFKG\FINYFFGB,[K[CGYG[KBK[KZFTN

P[R\RG.RK\QFKFNFCKBBIZKGB\FEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB,NBIZ[MCZRYCT

FTKYZGQ[\YTGBZCTKOG[\KKOBGBZCTKOG[PGRF\YKTG\DOCTZCFVSI[INCIGN,

GIPK[KOGBI\BGIPK[KOG[CT\YKTG\CTZCVSI[INC[C\.FEKGQC[KJ\ZCKBIBCZ

IRKRBFKFPS\TUCJCTKG\PQFEKGQC[IKJ\FVSI,P[\KSKCG\:)B(FTKYZGQ[N\YKTG\

"NVKFPGSVKQ"EGPFPBGENZTKGQF\YKTG\"NVKFM\G\"C[T\[IKJ\FVSIKO;)C(FPFNL

CVKSYBG\~11=14|FKFPGCQFZCFKG\ZNBIZ[RYCTIEP[PTK\)CPF[PPGSVZTM[KG

MVKSYB~16|([NZCKKFGEF\YTGT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\N[IKJ\FVSIGNZCRQT[ZKOG[CT,

\[TNMNM\.BPROINYD[NFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GFSGDKBFYEGPFFPFGGF

TM[KGB\INYE,TGSYKO[RKFOC[IKJ\FVSI,BLBKQ[GOXGZL,PRKTBGFKDKGQC[KCGW

FSGDKBFYEGPF,FPGSC\FK[ZTNVKSYBCP[R\RG,C\GLFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB,

NBIZFECZKO[RBPZG[OTN"[KKZTZCFVSI".CBG\FPKEFRK\QFKFNF\IKNCEKGQFPGSC

K[KZG\TNFP[RF,GNTCGZPPRGNEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB.10

8E’FNCRK,[O,TP’ZPJ.

9R’TPKRI,TZKM\PSM\G\SGMFGPGTEYJQC\NPGEFCCNK,\NBCKC\[P"J,TP’.141

10GBMQ,FNCRK)NTKN,FTZF7(,TP’ZPJ,SCGZ[PF[P\GTEMBQN[KJ\GFGB"IGSZTKCGE",GZGBFCMLZBKF"[FDPZBRSEZF

PYJTKO[TGCEGBIZML".BLPF[P\CY[MBQBKRRGTKCGERGSUBNBNFVL:FXT\FSGDKBFYEGPFFPFGGFTM[KGB\INY

ENVRKFSGDKB[NRG,GMSGDKBRVZE\.

695 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 10: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

TPKRIPRSFNF\PGEETOFJTRFFHB\C\+BfZKFGNVKFINYEFGTCZPCCNKTZMKQ,NBIZ

DKCG[FSGDKBTNECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRBCSGMF.11

BLBKQTEG\NML[FSGDKBFKK\FBK=VTO

CTZMKQ,GDOCPYZFFHFNBFKFJTON[CWB\FECZKOEGGYBCBPXTFSGDKB[FKK\FTN

FPYGOCSGMF,GBV[ZFKFN[NCB\FECZKOMSGDKBTXPBK\NVKSYB[NP[R\RG,BG,BO

CKY[GNFSCB\FECZKOEGGYBTNTRKKQ[IKJ\FVSIFPGHMZCINYD[NFSGDKB[NRG,FKF

BV[ZN[NCONNBVKSYB,"GNBPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF,GFBKMB...",12

BGNFP\KQTESKGO

FSGDKBMGNFGN[CWB\FECZKO[O.

F\YKTG\[NTZCVSIGFXTFIE[FCVKZG[INYECSGDKB

PSKCG\BNGRZBF["BKQPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF"~16|BKRRFVKSYBPP[R\RGCPGCQFZDKN

[NFCKJGK.PCRFFSGDKBMGNFGPFNMFPS\CZKOBLGZYBORRKI[FEKGQCINYEPGSC

K[KZG\TNFEKGQ[CINYD,G[DOFYG[KB[CINYE,VKSYBG\~15=16|,PGSC\TNZCKBIB

CZCKIRKRBEGGYB.BLCJZORRSFNTPGETNV[ZFYG[KB,RXCKTTNML[TXOFFRIF[NCTN

FDPZB[NRG,FQCINYDFQCINYE,[F\RB[KKZTZCVSI[K[CG\YKTG\ZCG\C[T\

[IKJ\FVSI~11|{T[ZKOG[CTNVKFIMPKOGT[ZKOGBI\NVKZCKKFGEF~16|{BKRF

PGMI\MNXGZMF.TRKKQF\YKTG\CTZCVSIPGHMZZYCP[RFVSIKOFF,G[OPXBRG[NG[

\YKTG\CNCE!GHFN[GQFP[RF[O:

FVSIR[IJC[N[M\G\,[RBPZ:G[IJGB\GMNYFNTE\K[ZBN{YFNGTEFGK[ZBN.

RMRSFM\FZB[GRF,R\PNBFFTHZF,RTNGEN\G\FTHZF,\YTGFZKTGG\YTG.FMFRKO

TGPEKO[GZG\[GZG\GCKEKFOCHKMKMSUGCHKMKHFC,[GZF[MGNFMSU{MSU,G[GZF

[MGNFHFC{HFC,NBFKGPTGZCKQ.GNBFKGNCHKMKQ[GNKKO,[PBKRKIGOGKYZ[FEO.[IJ

K[ZBNGYCNFMFQ,RG\RGNICKZG,GICKZGNICKZG,GPYCNB\FPNBGPIHKZB\FZKYQ.MFQ

FYZGCBXNFPHCIHGZYGHZKYFBI\MRDEFKSGE.KX\FM\ZB[GRFGRMRSFM\[RKF,KX\F

[RKFRMRSF[NK[K\.MPT[FFZB[GRFMLPT[FF[RKFGF[NK[K\.YZBGB\FFNN,BO

DPZG{[RG,GBO[RG{[N[G,BUTNVK[NB[N[GPKPKFO.ZCKKFGEFBGPZ:PKPKFO[N

M\[NK[K\NBFDKTGNBFC\KMKK[PTF’PVRK[TPFPGTJKQ.

PN[GQFP[RFNBCZGZNPF"\YTGFZKTGG\YTG"TORTKN\FEN\G\TNFM\FZB[GRF.BV[Z

[F\YKTG\FNNGSKPRGB\\IKN\G[NJYS[IKJ\FVSIKO.BOMQFECZ,BKQFMZI[IHZG

TNF\YKTG\NXGZLFM\F[RKKFGF[NK[K\MNN,BU[[RKRGCFP[LFP[RF"MPT[F

FZB[GRFMLPT[FF[RKFGF[NK[K\",[MQBV[Z[FMGGRFFKBZYNSEZF[IKJF,GNB

N\YKTG\.BV[ZG\BIZ\FKB[F\YKTG\RGTEGNFGEKTNYFNFTGPEPIGWNTHZF[RRTNG

FEN\G\,GFOMCZNBKSVKYGNFKMRSC\GLFM\FZB[GRF,GBOMQFECZ,BV[Z[IHZGTN

F\YKTG\M[RRTNGFEN\G\TNFM\F[RKKF,BLKK\MQ[NBIHZGTNKFQM[RRTNGFEN\G\TN

FM\F[NK[K\,[BHNBRG\ZGPP\KRKOPIGWNTHZF.KK\MQDO[F\YKTG\PSPRG\B\\IKN\

TCGE\FVSINMNM\GM\,GBH\YTGGFZKTGG\YTGNVRKMNM\GM\.CKQMLGCKQML,BKQPP[RF

VSIKOFFBKREKYXKFMN[FK[\YTGKG\ZP\[T\YKTG\C[T\[IKJ\FVSI.

\YKTG\C[T\[IKJ\FVSIBKRQPGHMZG\PIGWNP[RFHG,13

GPV[GJF[NP[RFHGTGNF

[\YTGNXGZL[IKJ\FVSI[NG[BG[[BG\[T\YKTG\CNCE,GNBT[ZKOG[CTBGT[ZKO

GBI\.MKXEFDKTCTNFDPZB[NRGNPSVZKOFDEGNKOFNNG?F\[GCFPZGPH\CVKSYB~12|:

CTNFDPZB[NRGY[ZB\F\YKTG\CYZKB\FFNN[NKGG\FB\[IKJ\FVSIKO,NVKFP[L

11ZBGTPKRI)NTKN,FTZF9(,TP’141,FTZF.8

12MLBMQPXBRGCM\CKFKEF\KPRKKO,GNVKHFFECZKOP[\NCKOFKJCCSGDKB,GBKQVKSYBPFP[RFCBPXTFSGDKB.BLY[F

NGPZ[DKZS\F\KPRKOFKBFPYGZK\,GMNFSVZKOPPHZIGPPTZC[GC[GMEKNFGSKUCFOVKSYBPFP[RF[NBCPYGPF,

CTKXGPF[NSGDKBBIZ\.RZBFCZGZ[M\CKFKEF\KPRKKOFGDFGMEKN\ZWB\FYG[KBFHB\.

13KXGKQ[FPYCKNFFPVGZJ\NP[RFVSIKOFF[C\GSV\BVSIKOEK=KB)PFE’NKCZPQ,TP’163=164(BKRFPHMKZFBUB\

[NG[F\YKTG\FCSKSKG\[CP[RF.

696PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 11: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FP[RFFFKB:"YZBGB\FFNN,BODPZG{[RG,GBO[RG{[N[G,BUTNVK[NB[N[G

PKPKFO.ZCKKFGEFBGPZ:PKPKFO[NM\[NK[K\NBFDKTGNBFC\KMKK[PTF’PVRK[TPF

PGTJKQ".CZGZPECZKG[FKG\[T\YKTG\NMNM\,GBNGFPVGZ[G\CP[RF,FPXKKRG\B\

RTKN\F[TZKO,FQ[NG[F\YKTG\FZB[GRG\[NMNM\,BLNBSLF\YKTG\.FQNZCK

KFGEFGFQNIMPKO\YTG\[T\YKTG\NMNBI\PQFM\G\FZB[GRG\.NIMPKO\YTG\[TDO

NM\F[NK[K\,GBKNGNZCKKFGEF\YTG[NG[CNCENM\F[NK[K\.

Z["KG\GSVG\RINYGCEZLFIK[GCFPEGKY\[N\[TF\YKTG\NMNM\GM\.NZ["K\YTG

[NG[\YKTG\CZB[MNFNNGFNN,GN[KJ\FIMPKO[RGG[KN[GCMNM\GM\,RPXBG[NG[

YZKBG\[NFFNNNMNM\GM\,EFKKRG\[T\YKTG\NMNM\GM\,BGT[ZKOG[CTN[IKJ\

FVSIKOMGNO.14

NVKZCKKFGEF,[SCZ[FM\F[NK[K\YZBFZYINYPQFFNN,GVTOBI\

CNCE,\YTG[NG[CNCENM\F[NK[K\,EFKKRG[PGRFT[ZFN[\KFM\G\FZB[GRG\GTGE

[NG[NM\F[NK[K\,BGT[ZKOGBI\SLFMGN.

BLCTNKF\GSVG\PY[KOMPFYG[KG\TNZ["K.CKQFK\ZFOPY[KOPQFTGCEF[M[O

[NZCKKFGEFNBFDKTFFM\F[NK[K\PTGNON"BFC\K",MLDONIMPKOCP[RF"NB[N[G

PKPKFO",GBOMQNIMPKOFKGXZKMKONFKG\[[\YKTG\NMNM\.15

F\GSVG\PVZ[KO,BVGB,

B\P[R\RGNBGZP[RFRGSV\,\PKEHD:

CHPQ[MFQDEGNZGXFNFYJKZ,FKFTGNFCMC[GFSDQCKPKRG...R\RGNGKKQNRSL;FSDQTGPE

TNFYZQGFSGEZKOCKEG,[RKMFRKOTGPEKQTN[NIQFINCKO,G[\KIXGXZG\CKEO,\YTG

GFZKTGG\YTG,CBGGTPEGBXNCQBZHB,BIEPKPKRGGBIEP[PBNG;[IFNRSL,GFRKUFSDQ

CSGEZKO,GFYK[CQBZHBCXNXN,GECZGFNGKOC[KZ,FDKTGNVZY;\YTG,GF[\IGGFTO.TN

MNVZY{\YKTF,GTNMN\YKTF{F[\IGKF.

PQFS\OPEGCZCP[RFFFKBCKGOIGNGCYZCQF\PKE,PMKGGQ[NBVGZ[BIZ\.BOMQFECZ,

FZKPVGZ[[\[TF\YKTG\[N\PKE[N[IZR\INYGNVK[KZ\FNGKKO:[NG[NVRKF[KZ,

GMQTNMNVZY,EFKKRGFVSYFCYZKBF,16

\YKTF,GTNMN\YKTFF[\IGGKF,GPVRK[SLMN

F\YKTG\FGB\[TFZK[FVSKYGVTPKKOCBPXTF[KZ,G\YTG\Z"\G\Z"\CRGSUN\Z"\

[TN[GNIQFINCKO,EFKKRGNVRK\IKN\FPHPGZ.BOMQFECZCY[ZNPHPGZKOFYXZKO[N

[KZ[NKGO,[IGNYGN[NG[FVZYKO,TNBI\MPFGMPF[FFNNFBZGLIGNYN[NG[F

VZYKO,GPMBQ[\YTG\Z"\[NG[VTPKOCP[LFFNN,VTOC\IKN\GGVTPKKORGSVG\C[RK

"VZYKO",EFKKRGFVSYG\,CYZKB\FFNN,GHB\PCNK[[RGBG[KN[GMNN.BLNZCKKFGEF,

[NBYZBGBNBTEFVZYFZB[GQ,EFKKRGFFVSYFFZB[GRF,CFNN[NFM\F[NK[K\\YTG

ZYC\IKN\FFNN.

CZO,[RKFVKZG[KOFNNGPGY[KOBORYGE\FPGXBFKBP[RFVSIKOFFCNCE.FZKNB

PGHMZG\CP[RFFFKB\YKTG\C[T\FFNNMNN,BNBBLGZYC[T\RTKN\F[TZKOC\IKN\

FTCGEF!BUBORK\QNFCKQPP[RF\PKEHD[\[TF\YKTG\[NF\PKERVZSGTNVRKPHPGZ

FNGKKOCVZYKO[CPHPGZ,GBUBO\PXKNGPZ[FGBFEKQM[YZBGB\FFNNC[T\FYZC\

F\PKE[N[IZCPGTEKO,17

[DOBHNKGGFFFNNB\FRSMKO,GMVK[P\GBZCP[RF\PKEHD,

BKQHFBGPZ[C[T\[IKJ\FVSI\YTGGF[\IGGCBPXTFFNNEGGYB.F\YKTG\[NP[RF

VSIKOFFPGHMZG\CRVZEPQFEKGQCFNN[O,G[NBMPGC[T\RKSGLFKKQCYZCRG\FXKCGZFQ

FMGFRKOGFQFTOFKGTSGYKOCTCGEF,GFPTPENBF\BKON\YKTG\GF[\IGGKG\TNMNVZY

GVZY,MVK[P\GBZCP[RF\PKEHD.

14Z["KSGMFRET"C,E"FTZCFVSI.

15\GSVG\SGMFRET"B,E"F[KKZTZCFVSI.BUTNVK[RBPZPVGZ[G\CP[RF"[NB[N[GPKPKFO",Z["K[OPVZ["FKKRG

NBDPZGVTO[NK[K\,BCNPKFGBKQM\[NBFK\FDGPZ\G[\KVTPKOGP\IN\CGVTO[NK[K\,GBKQISZPQF\YKTG\

MNGO[C\IKN\YZKB\G\GYTKQ,GMNYZKBFD’\YKTG\".

16ZBG[’RBF,"PCRFGGINGY\G[NPEZ[\GZ\MFRKO)C(:VZ[G\,VZYKO,FNMG\",\ZCKWSJ)\["S(,TP’.94

17ZBGNTKN,FEKGQCVZYF,SGDKBC,’INKN’,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:’INKN[NYZCQ’G’INKN[NCK\F[GBCF’’,GFTZF

18[O.

697 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 12: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

NVKV[GJF[NP[RF,MBPGZ,F\YKTG\[N[IKJ\FVSIRTGCKQ[NG[N\[T,PSVZ[BKRG

PYZCB\SLF\YKTG\[NTZCVSINPSVZFPZCK,GPPKNBNBFKFPYGONFHMKZ\YKTG\BNG

CP[R\RG.PFZBFCTNFDPZB[NRGNFZIKCB\PSVZQNMEKT[ZKOGBI\BGT[ZKOG\[T?

BKQRZBF[FGBVKZ[B\P[RFVSIKOFF,CBGVQJCTK,CEZL[NZ["KBGCEZL[NCTNK

F\GSVG\.RZBF[FFRIF[NCTNFDPZB[NRG,[C[T\[IKJ\FVSI\YTG\[T\YKTG\

NMNM\,RGCT\K[KZG\PPEZ[FFNMF[NZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,GBKRFBNBN[KJ\ZCKBIB

CZCKIRKRB,[\GYTKO"TNMNPGSUGPGSU".

CCPECZKKRBPZ:"GCKGO[PI\MOGCPGTEKMOGCZB[KIE[MOG\YT\OCIXXZ\TNTGN\KMO

GTNHCIK[NPKMOGFKGNMONHMZGQNVRKBNFKMOBRKF’BNFKMO",GTNSPLCPECZKIPZCF

ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB\[T\YKTG\RVZEG\NMNPGSUGPGSU.MVK[RZBFNFNQ,CTNFDPZB

[NRGSCGZ[ZCKBIBCZIRKRBPIKKC\YKTG\RVZEG\NMNPGSUGPGSUP[GO[FNGKKO[ZG

CMNPGSUGPGSU,GMVK[TGNFPP[RF\PKEHDNGG\F[KZFHGC\YKTG\.GNBTGEBNB[FVSGY

FPIKKC\YKTG\C[T\FYZCRG\,CPECZKK,P\KKISPVGZ[G\DON"HCIK[NPKMO",GRZBF

[CTNFDPZB[NRGFCKQ[HCIK"[NPKO"FRHCIKOTNKEKFXKCGZMGNGCC\BI\,CNKGGK[KZF

G\YKTG\,BKROBNBVSIKFO,GNMQM[ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBPIKKC\YKTG\TNMNPGSUGPGSU,

BUHCIK[NPKOPGSVKO,EFKKRGVSIKO,CP[PT.GBMQCSVZKHGJBNCPECZKK)PFE’FGZGCKW,

TP’262(PVGZ["GTNHCIK{HGHCKI\FVSI".18

CTNFDPZB[NRGSCZ[M[O[NZCKBIBCZIRKRBBKQ\GYTKO\[TNPMNGNFPGSVKQ,BNB

\[TNMNPGSUGPGSU,MLN[KJ\G\GYTKO\[TNMNPTPE[NHCIFVSI,EFKKRG\[TNMN

M\GM\,GNMQ,M[\ZBIZ\[GCFN[BNF"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ",VKZ[[N[KJ\ZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB,[\GYTKO\[TTNMNPGSUGPGSU,GN[KJ\GCNCE,\GYTKO\[TNMNM\GM\[N

[IKJ\FVSIKO.RZBF[SCZ[\HPRGB\F\YKTG\NVKVZYKFFNN,GMVK[TGNFPYG[KG\KG

CTRKKQ[C\ZB[IGE[~22|G[C\IGNFPGTESGMG\~33|,[DO[OFGBYG[ZCKQPSVZF[KZKO

[NKGONCKQPSVZFSEZG\[N\[T\YKTG\.SCKZNFRKI[FGBVKZ[B\P[RF\PKEHD

MBKNGFKBPIKKC\\[T\YKTG\TNMN[KZG[KZ,CKQBOPEGCZCFNNGCKQBOPEGCZC[KZ

[NKGO,GMVK[FXKTGCTNKF\GSVG\.BLTKYZFIK[GC[FCKBBG\GNT[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\

FGBFIK[GC[N"\[TNPGSVKQ"N[KJ\ZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GCF\I[CCTGCEF[DO"HCIK

[NPKO"FOCMNNYZCRG\PGSVKO[\GYTKOTNKFONVKCPECZKKTXPG,GFKKRGVSIKO.

NVKHFBKQMNYG[KCML[INYE[NFSGDKB[NRGP[GNCC\GLFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB.CTNFDPZB[NRGBKRGSCGZ[\YTGKG\ZPT[ZKO\YKTG\C[T\[IKJ\FVSINECZK

FMN,BNBZYN[KJ\ZCKBIBCZIRKRB.BNGFSCGZKO[BKQ\GYTKOTNMNPGSUGPGSU,

GMVK[PVGZ[NP[NCCZKK\B[NZCBCZ[PGBNCVKSYB~28|,PRG[NG[\YKTG\CNCE

N[IKJ\MNFVSIKO,BG[[BG\[T,MV[GJF[NP[RF.ZYN[KJ\ZCBIBCZIRKRB,

[\GYTKO\[T\YKTG\TNMNPGSUGPGSU,\GYTKO\[TNMNM\GM\C[T\[IKJ\FVSI,

GBOMQRPXB[CTZCVSI[INC[C\\GYTKOIPK[KOG[CT\YKTG\,BGNZCKKFGEFIPK[KO

GBI\,[FGBKG\ZPQFPSVZFPZCKNVKP[R\RG.NMQPY[FCTNFDPZB[NRGTNFVKSYB

PP[R\RG"GBKQPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF"~15|,B\FYG[KB"GNB?GFBKMBTZCVSI[IN

NFKG\C[C\,EBKNZCKKFGEF{IP[KQGIEB,BKNZCRQ{IP[KQG[CT"~16|,GFKKRGNZCK

KFGEFBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRBGNZCRQBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB.19

BLNVKV[GJF[N

18SVYBOCTNFDPZB[NRGFMKZB\FEZ[F[CSVZKHGJB,BLMBPGZBKQ"HCIK[NPKO"BIZKOFP[G\VKONMNNFXKCGZ

[TNKFO\GYTKOFMGFRKO,GVZ[RG\HGP\CY[\.RZBF[BHMGZ"HCIK[NPKMO"TGPEPBIGZKF\YKTG\FPYGZKG\[NP[RF

VSIKOFFNVKV[GJF,GNBZYNVKFVZ[RG\[NCTNFSGDKB[FGSKUTN[NG[F\YKTG\[CP[RFMFRFGMFRF.

19MKGXBCHFVKZ[CTNTZGLNRZ[FYG[KBPTZCFVSICINYEFKBZYBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB;ZBGTZGLNRZNSGMFRE

T"C,E"FCDPZBGNBGFBKMBTZCVSI.BLCTNTZGLNRZSCGZMZ["K,[NMNFETG\\YTG[NG[\YKTG\TNMNFNNGFNN[N

MNM\GM\.NET\G,BKQYG[KBP[IKJ\FVSIKOBNBBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,P[GOE\RBG[KKZZB[F[RF[INC[C\

ZYBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GNMQRBNXKONFDKE[\RBG[KKZDOCTZCVSIN[KJ\G,BU[PSVZF\YKTG\CTZCVSIBKRG

YCGT.NBFKFTGNFTNET\G[NCTNFDPZB[NRGNFY[G\TNP[R\RGNZCRQPQF\YKTG\[NTZCFVSI,[MQPSVZOBKRG

698PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 13: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FP[RFVSIKOFFGPSYR\FSGDKB[NRG,[BKQ\GYTKO\[TTNMNPGSUGPGSU,NBFKGBNB

[NG[\YKTG\CNCEC[T\[IKJ\FVSI,BGBGNK[[BG\[T.

FPYCKNFCKZG[NPK

FSGDKB[NRGPGSC\,MBPGZ,TNFCZKK\B[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRBNCCNPEZGPF[NBZW

K[ZBN,GCFPEZ[FNMFNCPECZKI[PPRGPSKYKO["FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"~1|.ZCK

BIBCZIRKRBTXPGPVZ[[\GYTKO\[T\YKTG\TNMNPGSUGPGSU~2|.NTGP\HB\,

CCZKK\BFPGCB\PVKZCBCZ[PGBNCVKSYB~28|TGNFPVGZ[G\[\GYTKO\YKTG\RVZEG\

ZYN[C\GZB[IGE[,GNBC[BZFKPKO[CFOK[[RKPGSVKQ:

E\RKZCBCZ[PGBN:KMGNM[O[\GYTKQTN[C\CVRKTXPGGTNZB[IE[CVRKTXPG,ML

KFKG\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU{\NPGENGPZ:GCZB[KIE[KMO.

PQFCKJGK"GCZB[KIE[MO")FM\KCC\GZFISZ([CCPECZKKEGZ[KO[BKQCKQZB[F[RF

N[BZZB[KIGE[KOG\GYTKONPGSVKZB[F[RF,FMGNNKODOPGSVKZB[IGE[.BCKKPSCKZ

[FGY[GMNZB[KFIGE[KOHFNHF~31|,GBKNGZCKRBPSCKZ[DOC"ZB[KIE[",EFKKRGZB[

F[RFGZB[IGE[FINKOHFTNHF,BKQ\GYTKOBNBSEZFBI\[N\YKTG\NPGSU~32|.

NBPXBRGMKGXBCPEZ[KOFNNGCSVZG\F\RBK\TXPF.BEZCF,C[RKPEZ[KFFNMF[N

F\RBKONSVZCPECZ[R[\PZGCKEKRG,SVZKCPECZGSVZKHGJBCPECZ,REZ[CPECZKI,"GCRK

BFZQK\YTGCIXXZG\",NTRKKRKOBIZKO,GNBPXBRGEZ[FBIZ\[TRKKRFKPKO[K[CFO

KG\ZPYZCQPGSUBIE.BPROCSVZKNCPECZKK)PFE’FGZGCKW,TP’262(EGZ[KOB\GK"G

FIKCGZ[C"GCZB[KIE[MO",NZCG\ZB[F[RF,BLBKQHFCZGZBOPZCKOB\ZB[F[RF

N\YKTG\RGSVG\TNBNG[NZB[IGE[BG[PZCKOB\ZB[F[RFN\YGTDOCGNPGSUBU

["FIGE[P\MSFCG",MN[GQFCCNKZB[F[RFIT"C.

NTGP\HB\,CKZG[NPKNP[R\RGPXBRGPYCKNG\NVKSYBG\ZCG\PQFSGDKB[NRGCCCNK,MGNN

PEZ[FFNMF[CGRV\I\FSGDKB[NRG.GHFN[GQFKZG[NPK,SGMFFG,RDT"D=T"E:

~B|BKNKQBKRKQ?GFBBK\NLIGZRKQ:\[TNPGSVK[C\\[TNPGSVKZB[IE[G\[T

NPGSVKKGOJGC[NZB[F[RF!BNBMPBQEBPZ’K\YTG’{NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG.ZCRQ

EYKSZKQC[OZ’KTYCCZBIB:GBVKNGMPBQEBP’’K\YTG’{NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG,

\YKTG\FKGPGSKVKQ.NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\.

~C|ZCKIKKFCZCBBPZFKBRCNFKBMKRGZ,RKPKQK\KZG\CKQHFNHF.BPZZCKIKKFCZBCB

NPFRYZB[PGRCN?[FGBPNCKQMPFPKRKHPZ...PDZKVF,ZCG[PGBN.IEBPZ:T[ZF

RYCKOFKGCF,MNBIEGBIEFKFPGXKBPBFPKRKHPZ.GIGZRFBPZ:PBFRYCKOFKGCF,MN

BIEGBIEFKFPGXKBT[ZFPKRKHPZ.PECZK[RKFOFK\FPGXKBFBNUPKRKHPZ.

~D|PGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[IE[,PKYGEO?ZCKKZPKFSCZPKPZPGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[

IGE[,PGSVKZB[IGE[YGEPKQ.IKKNKFEZCKKZPKFPQFEB:[KZG[N[C\G[KZG[NZB[

IE[,[KZG[NZB[IE[YGEO.BPZZCKKGSF:[RKKBFKB,EBPZZCKIKKFC[OZCKKGIRQ:

MEKNVZSPGGNFGEKT[FGBZB[IE[.MKXEFGBTG[F?[GIJPGSVK[C\GBGPZTNKFQ

[KZG[NZB[IE[.CZOFMB,PGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[IE[,PGSVK[C\YGEPKQ,TN[OMN

F\EKZPICKZGYGEOB\ICKZG.

INYCCKZG[NPKTRKKRGMNKFRDKRFCPYE[,TRKKQ[RKEGQYX\CVZYF,SGDKBC,"INKN",NTKN,

GZGCPRKKRGGCRKKRGCCCNKFGBCTZMKQKT"B.20

NTGP\HB\,FIGPZ[CINYKOBG-DCKZG[NPK

20GZBGR’TPKRI)NTKN,FTZF9(,TP’61,[BUJGTQ[FIGPZCTRKKQMNKFRDKRFFKFCPYGZDOCCCNKSGMF,BNB[FGBFGTCZ

NCCNKTZMKQ,GCTNFDPZBCKZG[NPK[BCB\FECZKOPQFCCNK,BLPMKGGQ[KET[NBKFKFNG\NPGETZMKQN[CWCGB\

FIGPZCTRKKQMNKFRDKRFFCKBB\FMGNMBQ.

699 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 14: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

PYCKNNIGPZ[CSGDKB[NRG,BLFPYGZG\P[P[KOCKZG[NPKCPGCQBIZGC\VYKEKOBIZKO

PB[ZCSGDKB[NRGCCCNK.CPEZ[FFNMF[CCZKK\B[CCCNKEGZ[KOTNVK"K\YTG"

[CCPECZKI["FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"~1|,CTGE[CINYB[NFSGDKB[CKZG[NPK

FEZ[FFKB"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG",[V[GJGMP[PTG:NVRKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ,21

NVRKMN

SEZTCGE\FPGSVKQ,GNBC\GMGBGPSDZ\G.RZBF["PBQEBPZ"HFBKRGHFFN\RB[N

FCZKK\B[NZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,BNBFGBCZFVNGD\B[NG.BKQ\GYTKONVKFPGSVKQ,

EFKKRGCPSDZ\FPGSVKQGNVKPSVZO,BNBB\MN\[T\YKTG\FPGSVKQ\GYTKONVRKF\IN\

TCGE\FPGSVKQ.PPKNBBKQC\YKTG\FPGSVKQBNBFMZHFMNNK\TNML[TCGE\FPGSVKQ

P\IKNF,GBKQXGZLNF\BKOB\PSVZF\YKTG\NPSVZFYZCRG\BGNPSVZF[KZKO[[ZG

FNGKKO,GNMQNB\YTGBNB\[TCNCE,GNBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\.

CCCNKR[\PZVKZG[ZCRQEYKSZKQC[OZCKBIBNPEZ[FFNMF[NZCKBIBCZIRKRBCN[GQ

"NGPZ[PZCFC\GYTKQ"~38|,CTGE[CKZG[NPKPXBRGC[OZCRQEYKSZKQP[GOZCKKTYCCZ

BIB"\YKTG\FKGPGSVKQ.NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\".RGSIFECZKO[CKZG[NPKMVGNGP[GC[,

GXZKLN\\B\FET\N\KYGRGGNVKZG[G.FBV[ZG\FV[GJFCKG\ZC\KYGQRGSIFKZG[NPKFKB

NFTCKZB\FPKNKO"NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\"NP[VJFYGEO,MENFNQ:

BKNKQBKRKQ?GFBBK\NLIGZRKQ:\[TNPGSVK[C\\[TNPGSVKZB[IE[G\[TNPGSVK

KGOJGC[NZB[F[RF!BNBMPBQEBPZ’K\YTG’{NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG,NBFKG

PGSKVKQ\YKTG\.ZCRQEYKSZKQC[OZ’KTYCCZBIB:GBVKNGMPBQEBP’’K\YTG’{NVRKO

PQFPGSVKQK\YTG,\YKTG\FKGPGSKVKQ.

NVKHFRK\YGZCRQEYKSZK[CKZG[NPKB\[BN\PSVZF\YKTG\P[BN\PKYGOF\YKTG\

CTCGEF.NVKCTNFDPZB[CKZG[NPK,NPBQEBPZ"NVRKOPQ~=NVRK|FPGSVKQK\YTG"NBFKG

PGSKVKQ\YKTG\,GZYNPBQEBPZ[CP[LFPGSVKQK\YTGFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\.NTGP\HB\,

ZCRQEYKSZKSCZGMZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBCSGDKB[NRG,[CKQMLGCKQMLFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\.

CCCN,[ONBR[\PZFMNNFPINGY\CTRKKQ"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ"NTGP\"C\GLFPGSVKQ"BG

MKGXBCHF,NBFKGKMGNKONFCKQB\ECZKZCRQEYKSZKC[OZCKKTYCCZBIBMP[PTO,GNMQ

FCKRG[NBFKGPGSKVKO\YKTG\BNB\GYTKO.22

CINYD[NFSGDKB[CKZG[NPK,[R[\PZDOCKZG[NPK[YNKOIE,RBT"C,PXBRGPYCKNF

NINYF[NFSGDKB[NRGCCCNK~22=27|.BLCTGE[CCCNKY[GZFEKGQY[ZFEGYCECZKZCK

BIBCZIRKRBCTRKKQ\YKTG\FPGSVKQ[CZB[FSGDKB,CKZG[NPKISZFFY[ZFHF,GPEGCZ

CEKGQTXPBKTNSEZFPGSVKQGF[KZKOC[C\ZB[IGE[,GHB\NNBY[ZN\YKTG\.

FIGPZ[FDKTPBZWK[ZBNNCCNNBFKFHFFNSGDKB[NVRKRGCKZG[NPK.BKQNVYVYCBPKRG\

F\KBGZ[CCCNK,[ZCKBIBCZIRKRBFCKBPYGZPBZWK[ZBNNCCNGSKVYNGVZ[RG\.BL

FIGPZKOFNNGMN[GROBKROPGVKTKOCSGDKB[NVRKRGCKZG[NPK.KIETOHB\,RZBF[CTN

FDPZBNYIIGPZKOFPYCKNKO{DOBOBKROHFKO{NINYKOBG-D[CSGDKK\FKZG[NPK

GTKCEBG\ONMEKF\[\K\[NFSGDKB[NRGCCCNK.

BORCGEEPQFSGDKBFPTGCE\[NVRKRGCCCNKB\FKSGEG\FPYCKNKONIGPZKO[CKZG[NPK,

RYCNJCNFMENFNQ)PSVZKFVKSYBG\CJGZ[NFCCNKFQTNVKFXT\FSGDKBCZB[FEKGQ

FHF(:

21BRIRGZDKNKON[KPG[C"NVRKOPQ"MPKN\KIS[NPKYGO,G"NVRK"MPKN\KIS[NHPQ,BLFKKRGFL.ZBGKZG[NPKIDKDFCB,

THT"C:"GNBFKFKGET[EZ[FZCKKTYCNVRKOPPRG",EFKKRG:NVRKG.

22G[PBDZSG"\YGTG\FKGPGSKVKQ",BGMKGXBCHF,EFKKRG\GYTKO,MPG"\YGTB,\YGTKKB"CBZPK\.GBV[Z[FDKTGFECZKO

[NZCRQEYKSZKNCCNCXGZFFYZGCFN[KCG[[NVRKRGCKZG[NPK,GNMQVKZ[GMVK[VKZ[G,"\YKTG\~=\YGTG\|FKGPGSKVKQ,

NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\".BLKG\ZRZBF[F[KCG[[NVRKRGCKZG[NPKRDZOC\YGVFPBGIZ\,\GLMEKRKSKGQNVZ[B\ECZK

ZCRQEYKSZKCKZG[NPKTNVKFVKZG[[CCCNK.

700PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 15: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

KZG[NPKCCNK

~B|BKNKQBKRKQ?GFBBK\NLIGZRKQ:\[T

NPGSVK[C\\[TNPGSVKZB[IE[G\[T

NPGSVKKGOJGC[NZB[F[RF!

.7GNK\RKRPK:ZB[F[RF[INNFKG\C[C\,

EFBBKMB\N\BPGSVKQ:PGSUEZB[F[RF,

PGSUEZB[IGE[,PGSUE[C\!

BNBMPBQEBPZ’K\YTG’{NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ

K\YTG~NBFKGPGSKVKQ\YKTG\.|

.1MKB\BZCKBIBCZIRKRBPEZGPB,BKK\K

P\RK\BCKEKF:GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTG

CIXXZG\{[BKQ\NPGENGPZK\YTG,[MCZ

RBPZG\YT\OCIXXZG\TNTN\KMOGTNHCIK

[NPKMO.GPF\NPGENGPZK\YTG?{FMN

NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ.

ZCRQEYKSZKQC[OZ’KTYCCZBIB:GBVKNG

MPBQEBP’’K\YTG’{NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ

K\YTG,\YKTG\FKGPGSKVKQ.

.38ZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIBBPZK:

NGPZ[PZCFC\GYTKQ.

~D|PGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[IE[,PKYGEO?

ZCKKZPKFSCZPKPZPGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[

IGE[,PGSVKZB[IGE[YGEPKQ.

IKKNKFEZCKKZPKFPQFEB:[KZG[N[C\

G[KZG[NZB[IE[,[KZG[NZB[IE[YGEO.

.22PK\KCK:ZB[IE[[INNFKG\C[C\{

[KZ[NZB[IE[EGIF[KZ[N[C\.GBK

BK\B{NKPBE[C\GNKPBEZB[IE[!.23

BPZZCSVZB:PBKEGIF?EGIFNYEO.

BPZZCKKGSF:[RKKBFKB,EBPZZCKIKKF

C[OZCKKGIRQ:MEKNVZSPGGNFGEKT[FGB

ZB[IE[.

MKXEFGBTG[F?[GIJPGSVK[C\GBGPZ

TNKFQ[KZG[NZB[IE[.

CZOFMB,PGSVK[C\GPGSVKZB[IE[,

PGSVK[C\YGEPKQ,TN[OMNF\EKZPICKZG

YGEOB\ICKZG.

.24GBPBK?\EKZG[BKRG\EKZ{\EKZYGEO!

.25BPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[

CHPRG.

.26GFBKFKMKZBTCEKRQ?FBFKMKZBBIZK\B

TCEKRQ,E\RKB:INCK\PKE[N[IZRK\RKQ

PIXKMC[GNPJFCPHZI,G[NPGSVKQRK\RKQ

PIXKMC[GNPJFCPTZC,G[NZB[IE[

RK\RKQ\I\MZMGCFPHCIGNPJF.GBPZZCK

KGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG.

BORXBP\GLFRIF[FIGPZ[FDKTPBZWK[ZBNNCCNEPFNIGPZ[CKZG[NPK[NVRKRG,BHK

CTNFDPZB[NRGCCCNKFMRKS[RK[KRGKKODEGNKOCIGPZ[NVRKG:FGBFPKZB\"NVRKOPQ

FPGSVKQ"C"NVKFPGSVKQ",GFVLB\FSGDKBCTRKKQSEZFPGSVKQGF[KZKOC[C\ZB[IGE[

NYG[KBTNFDK[F["FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ".GFBCFB\NKB:CTNFDPZB[NRGPEDK[B\

FY[Z[CKQF\YKTG\N[KZ\FNGKKOCPSDZ\FYZCRG\.BO\YTGC[T\[KZ\FNGKKO,EFKKRG

C[T\FRSMKO,BHKPJCTFECZKO\YTGTNMNRSLGRSLGTNMN[KZG[KZ,GBOMQFECZ,NB

KK\MQ[[ZG[RK[KZKOC[C\ZB[IGE[PCNKN\YGT[\KSEZG\[N\[T\YKTG\,GPPKNB

INYD[CSGDKK\FKZG[NPKY[GZY[ZFEGY,Y[Z[N[YNBGJZKB,CINYB.MLCRFCTN

FDPZB[NRG[YNBGJZKBPPF[FKFCPYGZ[RKEKGRKORVZEKO.

CKZG[NPKNBRHMZMNY[ZCKQ[KZ\FNGKKONCKQF\YKTG\,GBKQPY[KOP[RKF[KZKOC[C\

ZB[IGE[TNTRKKQPSVZF\YKTG\.F"PBQEBPZNVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG"FGBFPBQEBPZ

FKIKE[ET\GPGCB\CSGDKB[CKZG[NPK,GZYCP[\PTRK\QNFCKQ[K[PK[IGNY,"PBQ

EBPZC\GLFPGSVKQK\YTG"BGMKGXBCHF.BLDOCZVNGD\BHFBKRGYG[ZCFMZICKQ

F\YKTG\N[KZKFNGKKO.CTNFDPZB[NRGFGB[IKE[Y[ZCKQ[RKFECZKO:TNMN[KZK[

SEZF[N\[T\YKTG\,NVIG\C[T\FRSMKO,GNZCKBIBCZIRKRBBUC[T\[IKJ\FVSI.

MVK[ZBKRG,IKEG[HF[NCTNFSGDKB[NRGFGB[FCKBBG\GNFVNKDCPSVZF\YKTG\[N

[IKJ\FVSI,NVIG\BNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB:BO"NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ",FZK[BOYZBG

B\FFNN[NG[VTPKONVIG\C[T\[IKJ\FVSIBHKK[NVIG\T[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\,GBO

YZBGB\FFNNVTPKKOG[NK[,BHKK[T[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\.

701 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 16: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

P[RF\PKEHDGDK[\CTNFDPZB[NRGN\YKTG\[NFYZCRG\

\VKSFHG[NCTNFSGDKB[NRGCBFNKEKCKJGKZYCPYGZ\RBKBIE,P[RF\PKEHD[FCBRG

NTKN.PP[RFHGTGNF[\VYKEF\YKTG\C[T\FYZCRG\FGBNSPQNTOP\KNF[\IGG\:

C[T\FRSL,T\FINGFNGKKON[KZ,GMQCVZYKF[KZ:TNMNVZY\YKTF,GTNMN\YKTF

F[\IGGKF:

R\RGNGKKQNRSL;FSDQTGPETNFYZQGFSGEZKOCKEG,[RKMFRKOTGPEKQTN[NIQFINCKO,

G[\KIXGXZG\CKEO,\YTGGFZKTGG\YTG.

CBGGTPEGBXNCQBZHB,BIEPKPKRGGBIEP[PBNG;[IFNRSL,GFRKUFSDQCSGEZKO,

GFYK[CQBZHBCXNXN,GECZGFNGKOC[KZ,FDKTGNVZY;\YTG,GF[\IGGFTO.TNMNVZY{

\YKTF,GTNMN\YKTF{F[\IGKF.HFGSEZF\PKENTCGE\CK\BNFKRG,KFKZXGQ[KCRF

CPFZFCKPKRG,BPQ.

PKTGJ"MNVZY"[RKVZYKO,EFKKRG[\KFVSYG\C[KZ.RPXB[FMGFRKO"\YTGGFZKTGG\YTG"

TN[GNIQFINCKO,M[FMGFQYKCNB\FKKQNRKSGL,GBHTCZGFMGFRKOF\GYTKONTPGENKECQ

BZHB,FMGFQRSLB\FKKQ,FNGKKOV\IGC[KZ,GC[\KFVSYG\[C[KZ"\YTG"[GC,PQFS\O

\Z"\.BORVZ[B\P[R\RG,SGMFFF,NBGZFP[RFFFKB,KGXB[\[TF\YKTG\N\PKE[N

[IZBG[NPGSVKQBG[N\PKE[NCKQFTZCKKOPIGNYG\N[NG[KIKEG\[N\Z"\:BI\

M[R\RGNMGFQB\FKKQNRSL,G[\KKOC[RKVZYKF[KZ[FG[ZC[T\FRKSGL.MLMRZBFSCZ

CTNFDPZB[NRGBNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GFKKRGM[KJ\CTNKF\GSVG\.23

BLPV[GJF[NP[RFHDTGNF[PSVZFVZYKO[CPHPGZKO[[ZGFNGKKONBFKFYCGT,GY[F

BVGBNGPZ[FGBTNF\PKEN[RKKO.VZ[RKOZCKOZGBKOCPKNFFPGY[K\"SNF"[CPHPGZK

\FKNKOSKPQNFVSYFBGN"VZY"C[KZ.24

CPHPGZ[NKGOZB[GQ,PHPGZME,PXBRG"SNF"

CBPXTFPHPGZG"SNF"CSGVG,PF[PXCKTBGNKTNFVSYG\GF[\IGGKG\CBPXTGCSGU

[KMGNG\NFKG\FKIKEG\F[RKKFGF[NK[K\[N\Z"\.CPHPGZ[NKGO[RK,PHPGZPI,CPHPGZ

[NKGO[NK[K,PHPGZVCGCPHPGZ[NKGOIPK[K,PHPGZVB,PXBRG"SNF"CBPXTFPHPGZBL

NBCSGVG,GTEKKQBV[ZNVZRSB\FZTKGQ[FVZYKOFO"SNF"[CBPXTFPHPGZGMQFFVSYF

FJCTK\[CSGUFPHPGZBUNNB"SNF",BOMKY[FNFCKQPEGTPXBRGCPHPGZME"SNF"DO

CSGUFPHPGZ.BLCPHPGZKOXE,XCGXD,BNG[NKGOZCKTK,KGO[K[KGKGO[C\CF\BPF,NB

PXBRG"SNF"MNN,GBUNBBKREKYXKFBIZ\NVKSGYBGNFVSYFMN[FKCBPXTFPHPGZ.

FGBFEKQNPHPGZKFFNN,[N[KJ\RGFINKVGB\F[KZKO[NKGOC[T\RKSGLFPKOC\PKE[N

[IZCPGTEKO,GN[KJ\Z["KG\GSVG\PFGGKOB\FTKNFNZKCGKF\YKTG\C[T\[IKJ\

FVSINVKCTNFSGDKB[NRG.BUBNGBKROP\INYKOCRI\N[\KKOBGN[NG[KIKEG\,MEK

[RGMNNGPZ[\YTGC\IKN\FFNN,CBPXTGGCSGVG,BGC\IKN\GGVTPKKOCBPXTG.TNBU

ECZKF\GSVG\["BFC\KMKK[PTF’YGNK"FGBFVZY[CBPXTFFNN,FFNNP\INYNVK

FPSGZ\NIPK[FPHPGZKO,GNBN[RKKOBGN[NG[F,GPPKNBY[FNGPZ[K[CG[RKPYGPG\

FVSYEGGYBFP\BKPKONF[\IGGKF.FET\RG\R\,BVGB,[NVKP[RF\PKEHDNBFKFPSVZ

F\YKTG\YCGT,GPPKNBBKQNF\BKOB\FRBPZCP[RFFFKBNRBPZCP[RF[NRG.

ZGCVZ[RKFP[RFRKSGNF\BKOB\[\KFP[RKG\HGNHG,GCRKDGENFOTPECTN\GSVG\KGO

JGCTNML[FP[RKG\PGINVG\.NET\G,F\RBCP[RFSGMFFFNBF\I[CMNNC\YKTG\

[NP[RF\PKEHD,BOP[GO[FGBINGYTNF\RB[NP[RF\PKEHDGBKRGIG[C[K[

\YKTG\MBNF,BOP[GO[NET\GF\YKTG\CP[RF\PKEHDNBCBGBNBNSPQNPRKVK

23ZBGFTZF15NTKN,GCVRKONKEFFTZFFFKB.

24ZBGX’PNBMK,"NVKZG[FPNF’SNF’C\R"L",CK\PYZBKB)\[M"G(,TP’104=.110PNBMKPRSFNFZIKYNM\GNF\BKOB\

F[KPG[C"SNF"N\VKS\F\GSVG\GNVKFFKG[NG[FVZYKOCMNPHPGZGPHPGZ,BLFECZNBTNFCKEG,GMVK[TGNFPQ

FR\GRKOFPXGKRKONFNQCSPGL.

702PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 17: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FSGEZKO[K[NFRKUB\FSGEZKOMEK[FTOK[\IGGF,"GNBFKFMQBNBC[T\IKZGOGMKGXB

CHFM[FKGJZGEKO[FKGXZKMKOHKZGHZC".25

KG\ZRZBF[P[RFHDP\BZ\BLGZYB\SEZFTCGEF[NFMGFQFDEGN,CHPQ[FKFZGXF

NFYJKZ,GF\YKTG\FP\GBZG\CP[RFFFKBBKRQMNNF"\[TN\PKE[N[IZ"[CP[RF

SGMFFF,BNB\YKTG\PKGIEG\NMCGEFMGFQFDEGN.NFNQN[GQFP[RFMGNF:

CHPQ[MFQDEGNZGXFNFYJKZ,FKFTGNFCMC[GFSDQCKPKRG.FDKTNPIXK\FMC[,BIH

FSDQCKPKRGGFTNFG.FG[KJNGFZB[GQFZB[GFZDNGSPLTNKFQGHZYQ.FG[KJF[RK

NZB[GQ[\KFKEKO,RG\RQNMFQDEGN,GSPLTNKFQGHZYQ.R[PJF[RKGFNLNG.GMLFKG

PG[KJKQNG[BZMNFBCZKQ,GFGBSGPLTNKFQGHGZYQ,GCHPQ[FGBZGXF,FGBSGPLGBIZKO

HGZYKQ.CBNGNFYKUB\FPHCI,PFKMQFGBP\IKN?PYZQEZGPK\PHZIK\,PHZIK\

XVGRK\,XVGRK\PTZCK\,PTZCK\EZGPK\.R\RGNGKKQNRSL;FSDQTGPETNFYZQGFSGEZKO

CKEG,[RKMFRKOTGPEKQTN[NIQFINCKO,G[\KIXGXZG\CKEO,\YTGGFZKTGG\YTG,CBG

GTPEGBXNCQBZHB,BIEPKPKRGGBIEP[PBNG;[IFNRSL,GFRKUFSDQCSGEZKO,GFYK[CQ

BZHBCXNXN,GECZGFNGKOC[KZ,FDKTGNVZY;\YTG,GF[\IGGFTO.TNMNVZY{\YKTF,

GTNMN\YKTF{F[\IGKF.HFGSEZF\PKENTCGE\CK\BNFKRG,KFKZXGQ[KCRFCPFZF

CKPKRG,BPQ.

INYPQFFNMG\FNNG[KKMG\DOM[MGFQFEKGJPYZKCGINYPFQPKGIEG\NMGFQDEGN,GMVK

[FTKZFZPC"OCVKZG[GNP[RFHG:

FYVFHGBKRFPKGIE\NMFQDEGN,BNBMNPK[PYKUB\FPHCIMLFGBPYKUMPG[CBZRG

CIPK[KEHCIKO.GMCZR\CBZC[[KE[YNKO[FKGCPTZCFMC[[RK[NIRG\BIE[NMSU

RG\RKQTNKGMNK[Z\,GBIE[N[K[[RG\RKQTNKGB\FBCZKO,GFGB[NIQFINCKOFBPGZ

MBQ.GMQCIPK[KE[YNKOBPZRGCQBZHBTNFXNXN.GMCZCBZRGC\[KTKEPRIG\[BKQ

SPKMFBNBTNFIKKO,BCNFSPKMFFHGTNFBCZKOFZKFKBMPG[BPZG[OP[GOMCGEG

[NMFQDEGN,MEK[KFBNGFMZPSGKKO.

FZPC"OPXKKQ[PXBRGPYCKNG\NZGCFVZJKO[CP[RFHGCPYGPG\BIZKOCP[RF,PF

[PXCKTTNML[BNGBKROPKGIEKONMGFQFDEGN.CY[ZNSPKM\KEKFMGFQFDEGNTNBCZK

FYZCQ,FZPC"OPVZ[TNVKECZKBCKKCCCNKPRIG\XET"B[PEGCZCEKQPKGIE"P[GO

MCGEG[NMFQDEGN".FZPC"OBKRGP\KKISCVKZG[GNP[RFHGN\YKTG\GNF[\IGGKG\,GPECZKG

CP[RF\GZF,FNMG\\PKEKQGPGSVKQGF=H,TGNF[VZKS\\[TF\YKTG\TNVZYKF[KZFKB

INYP[DZ\FFYZCF[NF\PKEBUCMGFQFEKGJ.BLPMKGGQ[NBPXBRGMKGXBC\YKTG\

GCF[\IGGKG\FNNGCPYGOBIZ,GY[FNVZ[[PEGCZCBG\Q\[T\YKTG\N\PKE[N[IZ

[PXBRGCP[R\RGSGMFFF,FET\RG\R\[MPGSPKM\FKEKKOTNFBCZKO,MLDOMNTRKKQ

F\YKTG\,FRV\FSGEZKOGF[\IGGKG\FTOFGBEKQPKGIEM[FMGFQFDEGNPYZKC.BV[Z

[CPYZFHFDOFGSKVGPHPGZK\FKNKOPVB\MCGEG[NMGFQDEGN,G"FDKTGNVZY"V[GJG

MP[PTG:FDKTGNFVSYF[CKQPHPGZNPHPGZ.

SPLNVZ[RG\HGPXBRGCCQSKZBRKD=MI,[OPSGVZC[CIG[N[PTGQFXEKY[[KZ\MMGFQ

FDEGNCKPKCQSKZBTXPG.DOMBQPXBRG\YKTG\GF[\IGGKG\C[TF[[KZ\FMGFQFDEGN

CPHCI:

CTJG\GCDEKMCGEGF\NC[GCDEK\VBZ\.CTNG\TNPHCIFGEGKFEZTHZ\PYE[.CYCNG

R\IKOPKEBIKGGFGBRXCTNPTZMG\.SCKCNGTJZ\CRKOM[\KNKBZHKOCNCRGQ.GKYKVGFG

MTZCKRINMNCRKBFZQCMCGEO.GB[KF’CKEORDEMNYFNK[ZBN.TEMNG\GN[Z\PHCI

GNSEZPTZMG\TNKGQ.GK[NIKEGTNFY[GFGKSLPEOTRC.GKXYTNKSGEFPHCI.NZKIRKII

NBNTNKGQ.BHKZKTGCRKBFZQFMFRKOCIXXZG\PY[F.GKZKTGGK[PKTGYGNBEKZNFHMKZ

NVRKTNKGQ.MNC[ZKIEGRPFZGGKVNGTNVRKFOBZXF.NF[\IGG\NVRKTNKGQNVRKYEG[

25\GSVG\KGOJGCNP[RF\PKEHD,E"FFDKTGNVZY\YTG.

703 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 18: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

K[ZBN.GK\QF[KZYGNGGTNFPGQFTZKMGRZG.GKZRGMNTOFBZWC\VNFNVRKZIGO.TE

MNG\GN[Z\PHCIGP[VJKGFDKTBNKG.

BPROBV[ZNVZ[DOMBQ,MPGCP[RF\PKEHD,[MGFQDEGNNBGEGGYB,BNBFGBFEKQNMGFQ

FEKGJ,BNB[CQSKZBCKY[N\BZB\FMGFQFDEGNC[T\FTCGEF.BLEGPF[FXJCZG\

FR\GRKO{BKFF\BPFCKQ\KBGZF\YKTG\[CP[RF\PKEHDNHF[CP[RFSGMFFF,

GFTGCEF[PXBRG\YKTG\GF[\IGGKG\C[T\RKSGLFPKOBLGZYC[RKPYGPG\,C\KBGZ

FTCGEF[N[PTGQFXEKYFMGFQFDEGNCCQSKZBGC\KBGZFTCGEF[NFMGFQFDEGNCP[RF

\PKEHD{PTKEFTNML[PEGCZC\YKTG\GF[\IGGKG\PKGIEG\NMCGEG[NMGFQDEGN,[ECZ

BKQNFQTOF\YKTG\[NPXGGFFP\GBZG\CCPECZKKGCP[RFSGMFFF,[FQINYPQ

FTCGEFFSEKZFCPYE[GPXGGFPQF\GZF.26

"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG"G"NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"

KK\MQ[PINGY\VZ[RK\CB[ZNP[RF\PKEHD{BOPEGCZC\KBGZ\YKTG\F\PKE[CMN

KGOBGC\KBGZ\YKTG\PKGIEG\NMCGEFMGFQFDEGN{TGPE\PBIGZKFPINGY\FPZGPH\

CKZG[NPKC[BN\"NVRKOPQPGSVKQK\YTG".MBPGZ,NVKFKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D,K[RG

"PBQEBPZNVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG",GBOMQFECZ,PQFS\OK[NGDOCZVNGD\BSPGK

FSGCZ[\GYTKOC\GLFPGSVKQ,GFGBM[KJ\ZCKBIBCZIRKRB[CCCNK,"NVKFPGSVKQ

\GYTKQ".27

MKGXBCHFPXBRGPEZ[KFNMFNMBQGNMBQCSGDKB[NRG,CVKSYBG\~1|G-~28|

CF\BPF,BLPMKGGQ[NBPXBRGHMZNEZ[G\FNNGNCPECZKICSVZG\F\RBK\,RZBF[NVK

FKZG[NPKBKQBNG\RBKOBNBBPGZBKO.BOMQFECZ,F"P\RK\B"[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRB

PQFEZGONCCN~1|BKRFCZKK\BMNN,BNBXEBIECPINGY\BPGZBKOHG.NVKFBPGZBFSGCZ

"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ",FTGCEF[PXGG\FMGFRKON\YGTCIXGXZG\PGHMZ\CCPECZKI,

"GCRKBFZQFMFRKOK\YTGCIXXZG\",NNBXKGQPGTEPEGKY,GIGHZ\CCPECZKK,"GCKGO

[PI\MOGCPGTEKMOGCZB[KIE[MOG\YT\OCIXXZG\G\YT\OCIXXZG\TNTN\KMOGTN

HCIK[NPKMO",PGZF[F\YKTG\YGEPG\NYZCRG\.NVKETFHG,TNKRGNVZ[[P[RF\PKEHD

BKRFTGSY\C\[TF\YKTG\N\PKE[N[IZ[CMNKGO,[YEPGNFYZC\F\PKE,BNB

N\YKTG\PKGIEG\NMCGEG[NFMGFQFDEGN.NTGP\HB\,NPBQEBPZ"NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"

\GYTKOC[T\FYZC\FYZCQGNBNVRKG,GBV[Z[FGBFCKQ[P[RF\PKEHDP\BZ\B\

VZKS\\[TF\YKTG\NMNYZCQGYZCQC[T\FRSL.

EGPF[ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBFCKBBIEFXEEKO[NFPINGY\FHG,BGBGNKB\[RKFO,NCCN,

BNB[FGB,BGCTNFDPZB[NRG,FPKZ"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ"C"NVKFPGSVKQ",GCMNHB\FCKB

B\FEZ[FFP\BKPFEGGYBN[KJF"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ"FPCGSS\TNML[CPECZKIPYEKO

B\CPECZKK.TNMNVRKO,CTNFDPZBFCKBC[OZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBFSCZ[NF[KJF

[NVKF\GYTKOCBPXTFPGSVKQ,PF[PXZKL\[T\YKTG\RVZEG\TNMNPGSUGPGSU.28

CTN

26K[JGTRKONFVL,[SEZFTCGEFFP\GBZCP[RF\PKEHDFGBSEZF\PKEFZDKN[RFDCKPKYEO,GCKPK[PTGQFXEKY

GF\YGVFFYNSK\FP\GBZ\CP[RFFYEGPF\PKEHDRFDFMGFQFDEGNCZDKNNFYZKCB\F\PKE.NET\B’CKMNZ,FMFRKO

GTCGE\O,KZG[NKO\[M"G,TP’84=85,FTZF35,G[’SVZBK,CKPKFCK\GCKPKFP[RF,KZG[NKO\[R"E,MZLB,TP’39=40,

CKPKCQSKZB[KP[FMGFQFDEGNTXPGCZCG\PQFTCGEG\F[DZ\KG\CPYE[,MDGQFYZC\F\PKE,BLM[DCZFKEFVZG[KO

C[NFKKPKFCK\F\KZGTCGEG\BNGDOCMGFQFEKGJMEKNPRGTPQFMGFRKOFDEGNKONT[G\B\FTCGEFMET\FXEGYKO.

CZO,BKQNMLZBKF[NPP[.TKYZPJZ\G[NCQSKZBBKRFN\BZB\SEZTCGE\F\PKE,BNBN[CIB\[PTGQFXEKY\GL

MEK\KBGZGP[Z\NVRKF’CPYE[,GBKQ\KBGZGBGPZMNGOTNF\EKZG\[CF[KP[[PTGQFXEKY,BGMNMGFQDEGNBIZ,

CTCGE\F\PKE.MPGMQ,P[RF\PKEHDTGSY\PVGZ[G\C\GVTFKGXB\EGVQ,"CHPQ[MFQDEGNZGXFNFYJKZ...")ZBGP[RF

KGPBBC(,GNECZKRG,[FQCCQSKZBGFQCP[RFBKQP\BZKOB\SEZTCGE\F\PKEFZDKNBNBB\SEZTCGE\F\PKE

FPKGIEM[FMGFQFDEGNTCETCGEFHG,GEBK[BKQNNPGEP\KBGZKOPKGIEKOBNGMNGOCB[ZNTCGE\F\PKEFZDKNF.GFGB

FEKQN[KZ[NKGO.SVZBK,[O,TP’22GTP’147,SCGZ[RK\QNNPGEPP[RF\PKEHD[F\KBGZ[CCQSKZBRMGP\KKISN[KZ

[NKGO,BLNECZKRG[RKFOTGSYKOCVZYK[KZPKGIEKO[[ZGNMCGEFMGFQFDEGNM[FYZKCB\F\PKECMCGEGGCTXPG.

27ZBGNTKN,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:FPYCKNFCKZG[NPK’.

28ZBGNFNQ,TKGRKFVKZG[NVKSYBG\~1=2|.

704PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 19: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

FDPZBSCZ[P[RF\PKEHDP\BZ\B\SEZF\YKTG\CMNYZCRG\FXKCGZ,\PKEKOGPGSVKO,

CKQM[FMGFQFDEGNPYZKCGCKQM[MGFQFEKGJPYZKC.BO\[TF\YKTG\VZGSG\TNVRK

FRSMKO,GPSPRG\F[\IGGKG\C[T\[KZ\FNGKKO,BHKK[XGZLC\[T\YKTG\TNMNPGSU

GPGSU,[MQNMNPGSUGPGSU[KZP[NG.GBONVKCPECZKK\GYTKODO"TNHCIK[NPKMO",BHK

FKKRGVSIKO,GVGZSKO\[T\YKTG\DOTNVRK[KZ\FFNNC[T\[IKJ\FVSI.

CZGIFECZKOFNNGFVLCTNFDPZB[NRGB\FPSGZG\[CINYD[NFPYCKNF[CKZG[NPK,

[CPYGZTSYGCSEZFTCGEF[C[C\ZB[IGE[NNBY[ZNPSVZF[KZKOBGPSVZF\YKTG\,

NFGMIG\NML[C[C\GZB[IGE[[ZG[RK[KZKO,GPPKNB\YTG[\KSEZG\[N\[T

\YKTG\.BNB[NPSYR\FSGDKBBKQHFBNBC[C\ZB[IGE[:C[BZFPGTEKOFMVGNKOBKQ

\GYTKOBNB\[T\YKTG\SLFMGN,GBKQ[ZKOBNB[KZBIE.

ZGCEKTZKMFCSGDKB

Y[FNFCKQPFZBFFTGZLNCRG\B\FSGDKBML[FINGVG\NVKZG[ZCKBIBCZIRKRB

NCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|PGCBG\ZYCSGUFSGDKB,CVKSYBG\~37=38|,NBIZ[\KF\KGC\G\

FPMZKTG\RDEZCKBIBCZIRKRB~29G-35|.FZKTE[NBFGXDGINGVG\BNGFYGZBP\Y[F

NFCKQPEGTFYG[KG\TNZCKBIBCZIRKRBPGXDG\CN[GQ\KGC\B)"PK\KCK"(,MBKNGYJTK

FP[RFGFCZKK\BSG\ZKOECZKBPGZBKO,GNBCN[GQZGPKB)"GZPKRFG"({[FZKPEGCZ

CYG[KG\PIGPZ\RBKRDEPEZ[FFNMFF\RBK)"P\RK\B"([BG\GFCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRB

CVKSYB~1|!FSGDKBFKK\FPGCR\FZCFKG\ZBKNGFCKBCTNFDPZBPKECF\INFB\

VKZG[KFO[NZCKRBGZCRQEYKSZKC[OZCKBIBNCKJGK"NVKPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"~37G-38|,NXE

VKZG[ZCKBIBCZIRKRBNCKJGK~2|,GZYBHFKFPXKDB\FYG[KG\RDEZCKBIBCZIRKRB

CN[GQ"PK\KCK"MEKNFMZKTRDEGGCTEFINGVG\.

KK\MQ[FIGPZ[NVRKRGKXBP\I\KEKFO[N[RKTGZMKO[GRKO.FSGDKBFPYGZK\P[\ZT\

PVKSYB~1|TENVKSYB~28|GTECMNN)INYKOB=E(,GFKBMGNN\SEZF[NYG[KG\PQFP[RF

[NRG,SGMFFF,TNFCZKK\B[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRB~1|.YG[KG\BNGPGCBG\CN[GQ"\RQ"

BGMKGXBCHF,GNBCN[GQ"PK\KCK",GKK\MQ[CTNFDPZBFZB[GQBMQZBFCFQZGPKB[N

P[R\RGRDEFCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|P[GO[NBFMKZINGVFNVZ[RG\[NZCKBIBCZIRKRB

NCZKK\BHG,"NGPZ[\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU"~2|.MNFYG[KG\FNNGPK\ZXG\:FYG[KB

[CINYC,PEGTNBPR\FP[R\RGB\F\YKTG\[N[C\[C\GLFID,PK\ZX\TNKEKZCB~6|.

FYG[KB[CINYD,PEGTNBPR\FP[R\RGB\F\YKTG\[NZB[F[RF[INC[C\BUTNVK

[PSVZQBUFGBBZCTKOG[PGRF,PK\ZX\TNKEKCTNFDPZBTXPGC\KZGW"\RBG[KKZ"~10|,

MVK[[KZTZCVSIBGTZCVSI[INCTZC[C\~11=14|,GFYG[KB[CINYE,PEGTNBPR\F

P[R\RGB\F\YKTG\[NTZCVSI[INC[C\,BUTNVK[FQZCG\PBZCTKOG[PGRF,

PK\ZX\BUFKBTNKEKCTNFDPZB:P[R\RGNBPR\FFKYZGKG\IZKDG\MDGQTZCVSI[IN

C[C\~17=21|.TEMBQFSGDKBFPYGZK\.CTNFSGDKBFHFFCKQCV[JG\MZCKBIBCZIRKRB,

[N[GQFCZKK\B"NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ"~1|VKZG[F"TNMNPGSUGPGSU"~2|,GNBFMKZB\

FVZ[RG\FINGVK\[NZCKRBGZCRQEYKSZKNCZKK\B~37G-38|,GRZBF[FGBVTNNVRKKPK

ZCKRB,GCJZOFDKTFFPSGZ\[NZCRQEYKSZKNCCN.

BLCKPKZCKRBFDKTGIGPZKOBZW-K[ZBNKKORGSVKONCCN,MDGQFCZKK\G\[CVKSYBG\~28|G-

~33|,GMQFVZ[RG\FINGVK\[NZCRQEYKSZK~38|NCZKK\B"NVKFPGSVKQF\GYTKQ"[CVKSYB

~1|.NMQFXKTZCKRBBUFGBVZ[RG\INGVK\NCZKK\BHG~37|,VZ[RG\[BKQCFMEKNS\GZ

B\FCZKK\G\[CVKSYBG\~28|G-~33|.C\YGVFFC\Z=BPGZBK\SGMPGFEKGRKOFIE[KOFNNG

C\GSV\NSGDKBFPYGZK\)INYKOF=K(.CTNFDPZBFBIZBKNRKSGIFECZKOFNNGMCZFMKZ

B\FVKZG[KOFINGVKKONCZKK\B[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRB[CVKSYBG\~37|G-~38|,GNMQ

RKSIB\FYG[KG\[CVKSYBG\~28|G-~33|NBMZGPKB[NCZKK\BRDEFCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|

705 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 20: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

BNBM\KGC\G\PMZKTG\RDEFVZ[RG\[NZCKBIBCZIRKRBNBG\FCZKK\B~2|.NBIZ

[EIFB\FVZ[RG\FHB\,FXKDCTNDPZB[RKHFB\FVKSYBG\~37|G-~38|MV\ZGRG\

NCTKK\FS\KZFFYKKP\NMBGZFCKQFCZKK\B[NZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBNBNG[CVKSYBG\

~28|G-~33|.

CZO,INGYFHGNZGCEKTZKMFBKRFFMZIK\.M[O[BRIRGP[TZKO[FTGZLF[RKFY[FPQ

FCZKK\G\CVKSYBG\~28|G-~33|CN[GQ"PK\KCK"GNBCN[GQ"GZPKRFK"P[GO[KET[CSGU

FSGDKB~38=37|\GCBVZ[RG\BNJZRJKCK\NCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|,MLBV[ZDO[TGZLBIE,

FBIZBKNMNFIGPZ,CIZN[PGZB\FVZ[RG\FINGVK\NCZKK\B[CVKSYBG\~37|G-~38|

MFV\TFNYZB\SGUFSGDKB,BLKETTNYKGPF[NVZ[RG\INGVK\HG,GNMQFXKDB\FYG[KG\

MYG[KG\RDEZCKBIBCZIRKRBGNBRDEFCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|.29

TKGRKVKZG[

~1=2|MKB\BZCKBIBCZIRKRBPEZGPB,BKK\KP\RK\BCKEKF:GCRKBFZQFMFRKO

K\YTGCIXXZG\{[BKQ\NPGENGPZK\YTG,[MCZRBPZG\YT\OCIXXZG\TNTN\KMO

GTNHCIK[NPKMO.GPF\NPGENGPZK\YTG?{FMNNVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ.FGB\RKNF

GFGBBPZNF:NGPZ[\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU

N\MRKO[NF"P\RK\B"GFPKPZB[NZCKBIBCZIRKRBZBGNTKN,PEGZ"PFNLFSGDKB

G\GNEG\KF".

ZCKBIBCZIRKRBFDKTPQFEZGO,EFKKRGKFGEF,GBMQPXBRG[FGBPGSZC[OZCKKFG[TCQ

NGKPSGZG\[[PTMRZBFCNGE.BCNNBQFGBFDKT?PZEMKPZDNKG\MG\C:"PGXBG[NZ’BIB

FKFMRZBFPQFEZGO,MNGPZPNGEBGPSCKC\F.CCGBGPQFEZGONDNKN,FCKBTPGCZKK\G\

EZGPKG\...GPBPZKZ’KFG[TCQNGKFEZGPK...".30

BLRZBFKG\Z[ZCKBIBCZIRKRBFDKT

K[KZG\PQFEZGONCCN,G[OPSZB\FECZKO.PXBRG[ZCBGZPKCZIRBFCCNKKORG[BKO

GRG\RKOCCZKK\B[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRBPQFEZGOCKCPG\RIT"B,GZCRIPQGZCJCNB

FCCNKKORG[BKOGRG\RKOCPSGZ\[FCKBC[OZCKKFG[TCQNGKCIGNKQYNCT"C,GFBPGZBKO

FCCNKKOFOBNF[P[\P[KOCN[GQ"MKB\BZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBPEZGPB"CEG=[KI

CKRKFO,PF[BKRGP\BKOBOFMGGRFFKB[PSZB\FECZKOCDNKN.

MVK[ZBKRGCPEGZKO"PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:FPYCKNF[CKZG[NPK"G"PFNLFSGDKB

G\GNEG\KF:’NVRKOPQFPGSVKQK\YTG’G’NVKFPGSVKQ\GYTKQ’",PQFPYCKNF[CKZG[NPKTGNF

["P\RK\B"HG[PCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRBG[BG\FFGBPVZ[BKRFPEZ[FNMF\RBK,BNBXE

BIECPINGY\BPGZBKBZWK[ZBNC[BN\FPKYGO[N\YKTG\FPGSVKQ.BV[Z[FEZL[CF

FCKBCTNFDPZB[NRGB\[KJ\ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,"BKK\KP\RK\BCKEKF...FGB\RKGFGB

BPZNF",PTKEFTNML[NCTNFDPZBTXPGNBFKFCZGZBOPEGCZCPSGZ\\RBK\BG

BPGZBK\.PMKGGQ[PEGCZCPEZ[FNMF,FRKICTNFDPZB[PEGCZCP\RK\B,BLNPT[F

PEGCZFKFCPSGZ\VZ[RK\[NBPGZBKBZWK[ZBN.PXBRG[RKPEZ[KFNMFRGSVKO[FCKB

ZCKBIBCZIRKRBPQFEZGONCCN,BIEPFO)KCPG\RIT"B,SGJFMIT"C(PGCBMCZKK\BDO

29BV[ZDO[CTNFSGDKBZGPHCN[GQ"PK\KCK"NPTPEFFPVGYVY[NF"P\RK\B"[FCKBZCKBIBCZIRKRBPEZGOBZW

K[ZBNNCCN.PQFKZG[NPKTGNF,MBPGZ,[FCZKK\B[CVKSYB~1|BKRRFBG\RJK\,BNBPEGCZCEZ[F[RBPZFCPSDZ\

PINGY\BPGZBKO,BO\YKTG\FPGSVKQR\YTG"NVRKOPQFPGSVKQ"BGCPSDZ\FPGSVKOTXPO.CZO,\GNEG\FPSKZFNGJG\

CTZVN:BKQCKEKRGN[IHZNBB\FPSGZ\FPEGKY\[YKCNZCKBIBCZIRKRBCEZGOGNBB\FEZLFPEGKY\[CFRPSZG

FECZKOTNKEKZCKBIBCZIRKRBCCCN,GBKQCKEKRGNTRG\CPEGKYTN[BN\FBIZKG\N[KRGKKO[CCCNKNTGP\FKZG[NPK,

BOPEGCZC[KRGKKO[KSGEOC[KCG[KPSKZFBOCTZKMFPMGGR\[NZCKBIBCZIRKRB,[NFDZSQFCCNK[NFIGPZKOBG

[NTGZLFSGDKB.KK\MQ[NTGZLFSGDKBRPSZPEZ[FFNMFC\GZ"P\RK\B",BLFGBI[ECML[BKQFPEGCZCPEZ[\RBKO,

GNMQFY[FTNFECZKOPQFCZKK\G\CN[GQ"PK\KCK"GNBCN[GQ"GZPKRFG".

30P’PZDNKG\,BRXKYNGVEKFNIMPKF\NPGEGFDBGRKO,PFEGZFPIGE[\CKEKK’BKHRCZD,\NBCKC\[R"F,TP’.30B’FKKPBQ,

\GNEG\\RBKOGBPGZBKO,KZG[NKO\[P"H,TP’126,[KTZTNSPLFR\GRKOFNNG[ZCKBIBRGNECNGE.

706PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 21: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

CKZG[NPK,BLF[RK)KCPG\RHT"B(SG\ZB\FFNMF[CKZG[NPKGDGZONY[KKODOCSGDKK\

FCCNK,MPGCPYZF[NRG.31

~3=6|\RQ:TZC[C\[C\GLFIDFKG[OBZCTKOG[PRF.GBOBK\B,NK\RK:[C\[C\GL

FID,P[MI\NFIP[KQGIE!BPZZCKHKZB:NVK[BKQ\GYTKQNV\KI\[TZKOC[C\.

BPZZCB:PBQFBENBI[NYKPIB?{IEB:ECMNKGO\RQ.GTGE:BKRPKMFEEKRKRFG,

NK\RK:[C\[C\GLFIDFKG[OBZCTKOG[PRF,E[PT\PKRF\Z\K:[PT\PKRFEZCK

BNKTHZCQKTYC,G[PT\PKRFEZCKBIBCZIRKRB.BNBBPZZCB:NVK[BKQ\GYTKQ

NPKNGKPKOC[C\,ECXZKJGCB

FFSCZ[NZCB,"NVK[BKQ\GYTKQNPKNGKPKOC[C\",FGBFZCFKG\ZJGCPF[TZ\ZCKHKZB

[NB\YTGNV\KI\[TZKOC[C\,GNBZYCDNNF[BNG\[[BNZCB,"ECMNKGO\RQ"G"BKRPK

MKFEEKRKRFG,NK\RK...".FZKPVGZ[CP[RFSGMFEK[NBPKNBGB\FPKOC[C\[C\GLFID,

GPVGZ[CP[RFSGMFFB[NBIDDGB\[PI\CK\F[GBCFC[C\[C\GLFID,GBKL[NB

RVZ[B\F\YKTG\N[TZFTNKGQ,N[TZF\I\GQGNPKNGKFPKO,FQY[GZG\CJYSKOFNNG.

PEGT,BOMQ,FZIKYZCKHKZBN[TZCTRKKQV\KI\F[TZKOC[C\M[CZGZ[ZGCF\YKTG\

FPKGIE\[NSGMG\BKRQ[KKMG\C[C\?

RITPKRISCGZ[ECZKZCKHKZBRBPZGCPYGZOCBGVQTXPBK,NNBY[ZNEKGQCECZKZCKBIB

CZIRKRB,GTGZLFSGDKBFGBHF[[KCWBG\ON\GLFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB.32

BL

P\DGC\ZCB,"PBQFBENBI[NYKPIB",PGMI[ECZKZCKHKZBBMQRBPZGM\[GCFNYG[KB

HGTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB.33

RZBF[BMQPEGCZC\KZGWNBPGXNI;MBPGZ,NBFKFNZCKHKZB

NFZIKYNM\N[TZF[TZG\CTRKKQV\KI\F[TZKOM[CZGZ[NB\YTGNPKNGKFPKO.

EGPF[NMLCEKGYF\MGGQZCBCBPZG"PBQFBENBI[NYKPIB"{PKFGBHF[F\TNOPQ

FPGCQPBNKG,PQFPXZLFCSKSK"YPI",[FGBFP[RKG\FPVGZ[G\[BKQPPNBKOB\FPKO

C[C\GBKQIGDDKOB\[PI\CK\F[GBCFC[C\,G[KTZF[TZG\PCGSSG\VIG\CTRKKQ

V\KI\F[TZKO?EGPF[FCKYGZ\FPYGZK\[NZCBTNZCKHKZBMNNFZYB\FPKNKOFNNG

GB\FXT\GFBNJZRJKCK\,"BPZZCBPBQFBENBI[NYKPIB?BNBNVK[BKQ\GYTKQ

NPKNGKPKOC[C\",GFGBFEKQN[TZFTNKGQGN[TZF\I\GQ.BNB[CTNFDPZB,[NBFCKQ

[FCKJGK"PBQFBENBI[NYKPIB"P\KKISNPGCQPBNKG,34

GFKFZDKNC[KPG[CCKJGKHF

M[FYG[KBPVGZJ\,35

FGSKU[\KYG[KG\P[NG.YG[KG\BNGEGGYBZKMMGB\FYG[KB[N

ZCB:CPYGON[BGNNPFNLNFZIKYNM\NV\KI\[TZKOM[K[NLPKNGKFPKO,ZCB[GBN

[BNG\[K[TNKFQ\[GCF:"CMNKGO"KMGNNF\KKISNKPG\FIGNEGGYB,[K[CFOFPSVZ

FPHTZK[N\YKTG\)TEKKQK[CFOVIG\\YKTG\PC[C\:"[NG[NV\KI\[TZKO"NTGP\

"\[TNPGSVKQ"(,GBKQHFTRKKRG[NF\RBNNPEBG\RGB\FFNMF[NZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB

EGGYB,GBV[ZNP[N[CIZEGGYBCTZC[C\[C\GLFIDMEKNNPE[\GYTKONCKJGNPNBMF

DOCTZC[C\[CPGTE,BUTNVK[DOCIGNFPGTERBSZGPYX\PNBMG\.NVKHF,TKYZ

FK\ZGQ[N\[GC\ZCBTNVRKHG[NZCKHKZBBKRGCML[ZCBP\KKISNP[RKG\PVGZ[G\GZCK

HKZBNF[TZFCY[ZNV\KI\[TZKO,BNB[ZCBPVIK\KG\ZP[NG[\YKTG\C[C\[C\GL

FID.NMQFGSKUCTNFDPZBNECZKZCBDOB\FPKNKO"ECXZKJGCB".BUTNVK[FEKQRMGQ

FGB,FZK[ZCBTXPGF\KKISPVGZ[G\ZYN[NG[[NPKNGKFPKOGNBNBNG[N[TZTNKGQ

G[TZ\I\GQ,GFPKNKO"ECXZKJGCB"PGY[G\CFY[ZFIE[[KXZCTNFDPZB.

31ZBGKVFTKRKONKCPG\RHT"B,E"F[R[BC\DZKO.

32TPKRI)NTKN,FTZF9(,TP’140=.141CTP’61[OPYCKNTPKRIB\ECZKZCKHKZBBNGNECZKGCKZG[NPKSGMFFG,RFT"D,

"BPZZCKHTGZF:HB\BGPZ\[NBFKG\GYTKQBNBNRKSGLFPKOCNCE",GNBKZE\KNSGUET\GCFYCNFHG.

33BOMECZKTPKRI,TNKRGNFRKI[BG\GTGZL[FSCB\ECZKZCKHKZBM\[GCFNBPGXNI\NYG[KK\G[NGFPXKBMBQCKYGZ\

HG[NZCBTNZCKHKZB,BGFTCKZFPPYGOBIZ.PTCZNIGSZFFDKRG\[CPFNLHF,Y[FNFCKQPFFZGGKIPML.ECZKZCB

PXJKKZKOMBG\RJKKOCFY[ZHF,GFOP\CY[KO,GBKQNVYVYCML[FORBPZGCPYGZCFY[ZHF.

34ZBGVKZG[KORGSVKOCTZGLF[NO,TZLYPI.

35CCNKVSIKOVET"B;KGPBPGT"B;KCPG\PCT"C.

707 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 22: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

N[KJ\RG,CTNFDPZB[NRGFGBHF[RKSIB\ECZKZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBM"P\RK\B"GFSCZ

NP\RK\B.BLBKQHFBGPZ[F[KJF[NVKF\YTGTNMNPGSUGPGSUFKBFPXBF[NG.MVK

[ZBKRG,MCZCKZG[NPKPZGPH[K[[KJF[NVKFBKQ\GYTKONVRKOPQFPGSVKQ,BNBCTKXGPO

[NFPGSVKQ,GBOMQFZK[K[XGZLN\YGTTNMNPGSUGPGSU.ZCKBIBCZIRKRBFCKB[KJF

HGPEZGOBZWK[ZBNNCCNGFXPKENFPEZ[FNMF,GC[KJFHGGCPEZ[HFERGZCKHKZBGZCB,

DOBOFECZKOJZORGSIGCEKGYCP\MGR\[CFFOPGVKTKONVRKRGCVKSYBG\~1=2|[CSGDKB.

~7=14|GNK\RKRPK:ZB[F[RF[INNFKG\C[C\,EFBBKMB\N\BPGSVKQ:PGSUEZB[

F[RF,PGSUEZB[IGE[,PGSUE[C\!TZC[C\[C\GLFIDBKXJZKLNKF,NB[PTKRQ

MEZCKBNKTHZCQKTYC.BJGPKYBPZNK\RKFBGNBNK\RKFB?NK\RKFBGNK\RKFB!

\RBG[KKZ.PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ?{[KKZTZCFVSI.BKP[GOTZCFVSI{NBG[KGZB

FGB,EFBPRK{ZCKKFGEFFKB,EBPZ:PKPKFO[NM\[NK[K\NBFDKTFNGPZBFC\K

MKK[PTF’PVRK[FKGTPFPGTJKQ.FBBGYKPRBENBMZCKKFGEF!GENPBFBK\RBSCZ

NFMGG\KFCIEB,GVNKDTNKFCIEB.BNB:PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ?{[KKZTZCFVSI

[INNFKG\CTZC[C\,BVKY[K\GTKKN[K\

B\FYG[KBFHB\[BCCTNFDPZB[NRGPIGPZ[FDKTNVRKGPBZWK[ZBN.BLCTGE

[CKZG[NPK,GPQFS\ODOCDNDGN[NFIGPZFBZW-K[ZBNK[CKZG[NPK[FKFNVRKCTN

FDPZB[NRG,F"FGFBPKRB"FKB[\GYTKOTNMNPGSUGPGSU,GPEZ[FFNMF"NVRKOPQ

FPGSVKQK\YTG"PGCBMEKNFGMKI[BKQFECZMQBNB\GYTKO\[T\YKTG\CNCENVRKMN

FPGSVKQDOKIE,CTNFDPZBPRSFNF\BKOB\FECZKON[KJ\ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB.FGB

YGCT["TZC[C\[C\GLFID"BKRGBNBEGDPFNKGO[K[CGBZCTKOG[PGRF\YKTG\,GFGB

FEKQNZB[F[RF[INC[C\."\RBG[KKZ"FGB\[GCFFDKGRK\:MLJKCQ[NEGDPBG\,[BKRQ

PPXG\.GCMNHB\,CTNFDPZB[NRGPY[FTNTXPG"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ",[BNF[BKRF

PGMZI\.PMKGGQ[CTNFDPZB[NRGMCZJTQCVKSYB~9|[RK\QFKFNFCKB[\KEGDPBG\[N

KPKO[K[CFOBZCTKOG[PGRF\YKTG\,FGBRBNWNFY[G\"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ",[FZKBO

PEGCZC[\KEGDPBG\CNCE,N[KJ\GFKFXGZLNFCKBQCP[RF.

BLPFZBFCTNFDPZB[NRGNRYGJCDK[FHG?PEGTNBFS\VYC\[GCF"\RBG[KKZ"CY[Z

NZB[F[RF[INC[C\?GTGE:MVK[PY[KOF\GSVG\,"GMKKTPKERGMZCKKFGEFMEK[KY[F

NG?".36

BOPJZ\G[NCTNFDPZBFKBNFXEKYB\ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,PFZBFNFTPKEB\

P[R\RGMZCKKFGEFMEK[KY[FNG"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ"?GBUTNVK[CSGVG[NECZCTN

FDPZBP\ZWB\ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRBDOBNKCBEZCKKFGEF)"[KKZTZCFVSI[INNFKG\

C[C\,EBVKY[K\GTKKN[K\"(,F[BNFCPYGPF.TXOPCRFFSGDKB,[RGTENMBGZFN\ZW

YG[KG\TNZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,NPT[FPZCFTNKGYG[KG\[NBNXGZL.

EGPF[TKYZPJZ\G[NCTNFDPZB[NRGCINYHF[NFSGDKBNBFKFNFXEKYB\ZCKBIB

CZCKIRKRBBNBNIE[[NZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB\YTGC[T\[IKJ\FVSI\[T\YKTG\

NMNM\GM\.MVK[ZBKRGNTKN,FTRKKQBKRRGPGMIPP[RFVSIKOFF,GBUBKRGPGHMZC[GO

PYGOBIZ.RK\QCRYNNVZ[[C[T\[IKJ\FVSI\YTG[NG[\YKTG\CSLFMGN,BG[[BG

\[T,MVK[VKZ[RG.BLCTNFDPZB[NRGKXZB\T[ZKOG[CTF\YKTG\[N[IKJG\FVSI

PMPFR\GRKO.MVK[FZBKRGNTKN,PS\CZ[N[KJ\GBKQ\GYTKO\[TNMNM\GM\BNBNZCK

BIBCZCKIRKRB,[MQ"NVKFPGSVKQ"MGNNDOVSIKO.N[KJ\G,F\YKTG\FQNVKFPGSVKQ

P[GO[FQRT[G\CVZYKF[KZ,MVK[KGXBP\KBGZF\PKECP[RF\PKEHD.BOMQFECZ,FZK

[DOCFNN[NMNM\GM\\YTG\[T\YKTG\,GNZCKKFGEF,[YZBGZY[RKFNNG[NK[,\YTG

SLFMGNT[ZKOGBI\\YKTG\,GNBT[ZKOG[CT.

IKEG[TRKKQF"[KKZTZCFVSI",GF\[GCF"NBG[KGZBFGBEFBPRKZCKKFGEFFKB",FO

BVGBMTKQFYEPFNYG[KBFDEGNF[NG[CVSYBG\~15=16|NFNQ,[NVKFVKZG[[FXTRGNTKN

36\GSVG\SGMFRET"C,E"FBKP[GOTZCFVSI.

708PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 23: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

BKRFBNBYG[KBRGSV\TNZCKBIBCZIRKRB:BOBMQ\YTGN[IKJ\FVSIT[ZKOGBI\BG

T[ZKOG[CT\YKTG\BNKCBEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,BHKCTZCVSI[INC[C\\YTGKG\Z

PBZCTKOG[PGRF\YKTG\CSLFMGN,[NBMECZKP[R\RG.GFBZBKF[MNFTRKKQFHFBKRG

BNBNZGGIBEPKN\B{FZKPPFRV[L:BO"TZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,ENK\KFCMN[RF

G[RF,NBY\RK"~17|,BHKNB[KKZF\RB"TZCVSI[INCTZC[C\"NZCKKFGEF,CRKDGENRBPZ

CVKSYB~14|,[FZKDOHFBKRGTRKKQ[NMN[RFG[RF.BLFBPGZBNBI[NS\KZG\PTKQBNG,

BUCVKSYBG\FCBG\CHGBIZHG,P[GO[PEGCZCEZLZJGZK\NIE[CTRKKQPSVZF\YKTG\

C[T\[IKJ\FVSIBNKCBEZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB.

~15=16|GBKQPGSKVKQTNP"I.GNB?GFBBKMBTZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,EBKNZCK

KFGEF{IP[KQGIEB,BKNZCRQ{IP[KQG[CT!

ZBGNTKN,PEGZ"PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:PCRFFSGDKBGCTKK\FVKSYB[CZB[INYE"

G"PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:F\YKTG\[NTZCFVSI".

~17=19|MKY\RK{PKEKEBK\KFCMN[RF,TZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,ENK\KFCMN

[RFG[RF{NBY\RK.BJGTZC[C\[C\GLFIDPKBK\KFCMN[RF?HKPRKQENB

P[MI\NKF,GFKMKEPK{MDGQ[INKGOJGCZB[GQCTZC[C\.MKPYNTKRQKGOJGC

ZB[GQCTZC[C\,PEIKEIKRQNKF,PBKJTPB{MKGQEBKYNTKGOJGCFZB[GQ[NID

NFKG\CTZC[C\,KGOFMKVGZKOBKP\FGK?{CIEC[C\,FNMLEIKRQNKF

F\[GCF"MKY\RKPKEKEBK\KCMN[RF,TZCFVSI[INNFKG\C[C\,ENK\KFCMN[RF

G[RF,NBY\RK"SCKZF,DONNBFEKGQ[NCTNFDPZB[NRGC[BN\KGOJGC[NSGMG\,BOIN

CKGO[K[KBONBGNVKFNGI.FZKDOBORBPZ[SGMG\KMGNNIGNCTZC[C\PEGCZC\GVTF

KGXB\EGVQ,GNMQCZGCQFDEGN[NF[RKOK[TZC[C\C\GLFID,GK[KGO[\GYTKOCGBZCTKO

G[PGRF\YKTG\.CTZCVSI[INC[C\F\GVTFFVGMF:[OCZDKNNBPXBRGIPK[KOGBI\

BGIPK[KOG[CT\YKTG\,[MQCZGCQFDEGN[NF[RKOTZCVSIINCIGN,GF\RBNBI[

NPKTGJ[N[RF[CFTZCVSIINC[C\.M[F\RBBPZ"BKQPGSKVKQTNBZCTKOG[PGRF"

\YKTG\CPYE[FGBF\MGGQN[RFZDKNF[CFSGMG\BKRGINCTZC[C\GTZCVSIBKRGIN

C[C\.BMQK[[RKOKGXBG\EGVQ[CFQFPSVZFPZCK[N\YKTG\FGBVIG\PBZCTKO

G[PGRF,MDGQM[INKGOJGCZB[GQ[NSGMG\CTZC[C\GTZCVSIBKRGINC[C\,GK[[RKO

KGXBG\EGVQ[CFQFPSVZFPZCK[N\YKTG\FGBKG\ZPBZCTKOG[PGRF,MDGQM[INTZC

VSIC[C\.BLCZGCF[RKOFPSVZFPZCK[N\YKTG\FGBBZCTKOG[PGRF,GFKKRGTZC[C\

[C\GLFID.

EGPF[CTNFDPZBJZIN[B\GN\\CTRKKQHFZYMEKNFXKDB\PINGY\F\RBKOCTRKKQ

ING\KGOJGCZB[GQ[NZB[F[RFG[NIDCTZC[C\,GKGOFMKVGZKOCKGOZB[GQ.TRKKQHF

BPRORKEGQDOCCCNKZB[F[RFMT"B,BLRZBF[NCTNFDPZB[NVZYKOBNGCPSM\SGMF

FKFTRKKQPKGIECNGI[CBNKEKCKJGKDOCEKGQCVZYNGNCGTZCF,NTKNPDT"C:"BKFMK

FBKERBRPKNKEIB~TZCFCFG[TRBZCFB\F[C\|!MKB\BCZFEKBBPZ:NBBKYNT.MK

B\BZCKQGMNFRIG\KBPZK:BKYNT".37

PMKGGQ[FKFNGPFNIE[C\IGO,[TRKKQHFFGB

PINGY\\RBKO,EKKYEKGYK\ZC\KZGW[NGTXPG,"MKY\RKPKEKEBK\KFCMN[RF",GMVK

[T[FDOC\KZGXG"PBK[KKZEFBK[KKZ?[KKZTZCFVSI"[TNKGFY[F"BKP[GOFB,NBG

[KGZBFGB.FBPRKZCKKFGEFFKB...".38

~20|GPKEIKRQNKF?GFB\RQ:INCK[C\YZKCKQCKGOFMKVGZKO,GBPZZCKHKZB:MKFGKRQ

CKZCCCCN,FGFBPZK:FBE\RKB:KGOFMKVGZKO[INNFKG\TZC[C\NBFKG\GYTKQ,

GCPGXBK[C\NBFKGPCEKNKQ{ECZKFMNFKB.MKSNKYK\NF\O,B[MI\KFNZCK

KFGEFCZKFEZCK[PTGQCQVHKEK\KCGYBPZ:ZCKTYKCBFKB!

37ZBGFEKGQNTKN,VZYE,SGDKBD,’TZCF’,TKGRKFVKZG[NVKSYBG\~13=31|.

38ZBGNTKN,TKGRKFVKZG[NVKSYBG\~7=14|.

709 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 24: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

CP[RF[C\JGDPXBRGPINGY\CKQZCKTYKCBNZCKK[PTBNCTRKKQIGPZ\KGOFMVGZKO.

NZCKTYKCBEKRGM[C\NTRKKQPNBMF,GNMQBKQPYJKZKOINCKTGN\F[C\CKGOFMKVGZKO,

GNZCKK[PTBNEKRGYNP[C\,GNMQPYJKZKOINCK[C\CKGOFMKVGZKO,MVK[TG[KOCMNKGO

JGC[INCPGXBK[C\.MBQPS\PLCTNFDPZB[NRGTNFSGDKBFPYCKNFCCCNK[C\YKE

T"B=T"C,GNMQBKRGPVZJB\FFY[Z[OGBKRGJGZINFCKBB\FSGDKBTE\GPF.PJZ\GBKRF

BNBNFGMKI[KGOFMKVGZKOINNVTPKOCPGXBK[C\.NXGZLHFEKFKFNFCKBB\N[GQ

FP[RF,BLPMKGGQ[CCCZKK\B[PCKBZCKHKZBPVGZ["G~KGOFMVKGZKO[IN|CPGXBK[C\

NBFKGPCEKNKQ",N[GQ[BKRFP[\PT\N[RKVRKODONPK[BKRGP\PXBCFNMG\FYJZ\

INCKFYZCRG\,FCKBDOB\ECZKZCKHKZB,BLNBI[XGZLNFCKBB\FP[LFSGDKBGCF

\DGCFNECZKZCKHKZB.

~21|NBY[KB,FB{ZCRQ,FB{BIZKOFKB.E\RKB,BIZKOBGPZKO:BKQCKQTXZ\

NTXZ\,GBKQCKQZB[F[RFNZB[F[RFBNBBZCTFKPKOCNCE,GBOFK\F[RF

PTGCZ\{IP[F

P[RF[C\JGDGFCZKK\B[FCKBZCKHKZB,GNVKFQKGOFMKVGZKOINNVTPKOCPGXBK[C\

GBKQEGIKOBG\GCBGVQPNBMG\KTNKEKTKCGZFIGE[,FQC[KJ\"BIZKO"[CCZKK\B.

N[KJ\OBKQP[IYKOCTKCGZFIGE[,GNMQRK\QNET\PZB[P\KINIDPSGKOC[RFFCBF,

[MQPSVZFIGE[KOFPTGCZKOYCGTPZB[.

BLPMKGGQ[CZKK\BHGPGCB\C[PO[N"BIZKO",CTNFDPZB[NRGSCGZ["ZCRQ"INGYKOTN

TPEFHGGSCGZKO[BKBV[ZNET\PZB[MPFKPKOK[CKQTXZ\NTXZ\BGCKQZB[F[RF

NZB[F[RF,[FZKBOCK\EKQZGBKO[KGOFMKVGZKOKIGNC[RFPSGKP\CPGXBK[C\,

PTCZKOIGE[RGSUMEKNEIG\FTEKGO[RK.

~22=27|PK\KCK:ZB[IE[[INNFKG\C[C\{[KZ[NZB[IE[EGIF[KZ[N[C\.

GBKBK\B{NKPBE[C\GNKPBEZB[IE[!BPZZCSVZB:PBKEGIF?EGIFNYEO.

GBPBK?\EKZG[BKRG\EKZ{\EKZYGEO!BPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[

CHPRG.GFBKFKMKZBTCEKRQ?FBFKMKZBBIZK\BTCEKRQ,E\RQ:INCK\PKE[N[IZ

RK\RKQPIXKMC[GNPJFCPHZI,G[NPGSVKQRK\RKQPIXKMC[GNPJFCPTZC,G[NZB[

IE[RK\RKQ\I\MZMGCFPHCIGNPJF.GBPZZCKKGIRQ:NKET[FGYCTZB[IE[CHPRG.

\ZKFKMKZBTCEKRQ,EIHKFBK{IHK,GIHKCFBK{IHK

MBPGZ,CPYCKNF[CKZG[NPKCZKK\BHGBKRFPGCB\M\KGC\BNZCKBIBCZIRKRBBNB

CPSDZ\EKGQCSEZYZCRG\FPGSUC[C\ZB[IGE[.39

GTGE,N[GQFCZKK\B[CKZG[NPKFGB:

"[KZG[N[C\G[KZG[NZB[IE[,[KZG[NZB[IE[YGEO",GBOMQPVGZ[[PEGCZ

C"YGEO"GNB"EGIF",GBOMQBKQYG[KBTNZCKBIBCZIRKRBMNN,BEZCF,RZBF[K[PTKQ

ZBKFN[KJ\GBNKCBECTNFDPZB[NRG[F\YKTG\\NGKG\C[KZ\FNGKKO.

Y[FNGPZ[CTNFDPZB[NRG[KC[CMGGRFB\N[GQFCZKK\BMEKNFVMFNYG[KBTNZCK

BIBCZIRKRB,[BOMQFECZ,PRKKQXWF\KZGW[NZCSVZB,"PBKEGIF?EGIFNYEO"?V[GJ

FGB[FCZKK\BFDKTFNCCNCXGZFP[GC[\GCN[GQ"EGIF"GNMQFKGG\FYG[KBTNZCKBIB

CZCKIRKRB,GZCSVZBVKZ[,BGNKCTYCG\FKMZG\TOFCZKK\BCP\MGR\FFBZW=K[ZBNK\

FPYGZK\,[PEGCZCEIKKF[NYEKPFGNBCEIKKFPGINJ\.TNMNVRKO,RZBF[VKZG[G[NZC

SVZBNCZKK\BRBPZCBGVQTXPBK,NNBY[ZNYG[KK\CTNFDPZB[NRGTNZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB,GCTNFDPZB[NRGV[GJRKXNB\FCZKK\BTOFVKZG[[NZCSVZBGKXZ\KGC\B

G\KZGWTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB.

~28=32|...E\RKZCBCZ[PGBN:KMGNM[O[\GYTKQTN[C\CVRKTXPGGTNZB[IE[

CVRKTXPG,MLKFKG\GYTKQTNMNPGSUGPGSU{\NPGENGPZGCZB[KIE[KMO...PBK

39ZBGPGCBFNTKN,CPEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:FPYCKNFCKZG[NPK’.

710PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 25: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

\NPGEB?BPZBCKK:BPZYZBGCZB[KIE[KMO{FGY[GMNIE[KOMGNOHFNHF.ZC

B[KBPZ:M\KCIE[MOGM\KCGCZB[K,GBKHFIE[[K[NG[RKZB[KO{FGKBGPZHF

ZB[F[RF,GBPZZIPRBIE[MO{IEFKB

NCZKK\BHGRZBF[TG[KOFKMZ[NK[K"NKET[FGYE[ZB[IGE[CHPRG",GFKKRGF\YKTFTN

[C\CVRKTXPFGTNZB[IGE[CVRKTXPG.BLNCTNFDPZB[NRGFTRKKQFHFFGBV[KJB,

P[GO[N[KJ\G\GYTKOC[T\F[KZ,GBONVKZCSVZB~23|BPZGFNGKKO[RK[KZKOC[C\

ZB[IGE[,BHKDO\YTGVTPKKO,GFKKRGFL.

BUTNVK[NBPXBRGMKGXBCCZKK\B[NZCBCZ[PGBNCSVZG\F\RBKO,RK\QNFYCKNB\

FVZ[RG\[NZCB[KNEZ[FFFKBNSVZKHGJBNCPECZKK)PFE’FGZGCKW,TP’262(:"GCZB[K

IE[KMO,BNGZB[KIE[KO,GZB[KIE[KMO,ZCFZB[F[RF".EZ[FHGP[GC[\CPYX\,[MQ

Y[FNFCKQPFFGBEGZ[CZK[BGPFFGBEGZ[CSKVB,GFZKBKQCVSGYCKJGK"GZB[K

IE[KMO"CRVZEP"GCZB[KIE[KMO"FREZ[CZK[B.RZBF[XZKLNDZGSBGNFCKQ[FGBEGZ[

"CZB[KIE[KMO,BNGZB[KIE[KO,GCZB[KIE[KMO,ZCFZB[F[RF"BGMKGXBCHF.NTKN

FXTRG[\KBV[ZGKG\CVKZG[PEZ[FNMFHF:BV[Z[FGBCBNZCG\\YKTG\RGSVG\CZB[

F[RF,GBOMQFGBIGNYFQTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB,FPZCF\YKTG\RGSVG\CMNPYZF[N

ZKCGKPGSVKO,GNBGEGGYBCZB[F[RF,GFQTNZCBCZ[PGBN,FSCGZ[CZB[F[RFGC[BZ

FPGSVKOFMVGNKOBKQPZCKO\YKTG\RGSVG\.BLBV[ZDO[FGBCBNZCG\\[T\YKTG\

CSLFMGNCZB[F[RF,MCMNZB[IGE[,BU[FKFBV[ZNI[GC[ZB[F[RFBKRGZB[

IGE[P[GO[FGBID"[FIGE[P\MSFCG".

RZBF[ZCB[KVKZ[MBV[ZG\F[RKKF,BLNBZBFCFEKQPKGIECZB[F[RF"[FIGE[

P\MSFCG"BNBCRKKQBC:CMNZB[KIGE[KMOBKQ\GYTKOBNB\[T\YKTG\,MGNNZB[

IGE[\[ZK,GPMBQCRFBCNMNPYZF[NZKCGKPGSVKQ)VZJN[C\ZB[IGE[([BKQ\GYTKO

KG\ZP\[T\YKTG\.

~33|...\RKB:CIGNG[NPGTE,CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO{FCGNF’CRKBNKO,C[RKPFFKG

BGPZKO{GNZ[TBPZBNFKO,C[NK[KPFFKGBGPZKO{PKKYGONKTOPZTKO,CZCKTK

PFFKGBGPZKO{CKRGCGTZKOCTO,CIPK[KPFFKGBGPZKO{FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG,

C[[KPFFKGBGPZKO{KPGJGMNPGSEKBZW.GBOIN[C\CBIEPFO{KPGJGKEIF

TNSPLFTGCEF[NVKCZKK\BHGBKQBGPZKOC[C\IGNFPGTEDO"PHPGZ[KZNKGOF[C\"

)PHPGZXC(GDO[KZPKGIENIGNFPGTEBNB"KPGJGKEIF"PVRKF[KZ[N[C\PMZKTF

FSGDKBMRDEZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB:BKQ[ZKOBNB[KZBIECKGO[K[CG[RKPGSVKO,GPPKNB

BKQPYGONKG\ZP\[T\YKTG\.BLCZKK\BHGZXGVFY[KKO:

.1FFY[ZISZ.NMBGZFPEGCZCINYPZ[KPFBZGMFKG\Z[N[KZKO[NKGONPGTEKO

PKGIEKO,BLZ[KPFHGNBR[\PZF.BV[ZFKFBGNKNFXPKEB\FZ[KPFNPSM\SGVZKO

KIKB,"GCZB[F[RFBGPZKOPHPGZMNFTPKO\YTGMU;CKGOFMKVGZKOCZMKRV[K,

PPTPYKOYZB\KL;CIDFSGMG\,RGETCKFGEFBNFKO;CKGOF[PKRK,

NPRXITNF[PKRK\.GBOBKRGCYKCFQ,BGPZBGEFK"KCMNNCK,GEKG".BLRZBF

V[GJ[FCKJGK"CIDFSGMG\"CCZKK\B[CPSM\SGVZKOP\KKIS\NMN[CT\KPK

FID,CRKDGEN"CKGOF[PKRK"FCBBIZKG,GMVK[TGNFPQFPYGZG\F\RBKKO[NVKFO

N[PKRKTXZ\"[KZCVRKTXPG";40

BKNGNMNKGOPKPKFIDFKF[KZP[NG,NBFKF[GO

KKIGEC[PKRKTXZ\PCIKRFHG.

.2CRKDGENZ[KPF[CPSM\SGVZKO,[K[CFPHPGZKO[NPKO,GNZ[KPF[NF[KZKONKPG\

FIGN[CCZKK\BFPGCB\CCCNKZB[F[RFNBT"BGPGVKTFCPFEGZG\[NRGMP[RF

\PKEHE,GDOCFPHPGZKO[NPKOPSVZ\FKNKO,Z[KPFHGMGNN\ZYPHPGZBIE[NO,HF

40ZBGNTKN,FEKGQCVZYE,SGDKBKI,’CVRKTXPG’)SGMFPHT"B{PIT"B(,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKBG\GNEG\KF:ZDNCVRKTXPG’,

GTKGRKFVKZG[[ONVKSYB~10|.

711 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 26: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

[NFKGOFZB[GQ[NIGNFPGTE,PHPGZMJ.FPHPGZKO[NFKPKOC=GPIGNFPGTESGMG\

BKROBNBYJTKPHPGZKO:41

"GNZ[TBPZBNFKO",FPHPGZ[NFKGOF[RK[NIGNFPGTE,

FGBFINYF[RK[NPHPGZR,FINPVSGYJH;"PKKYGONKTOPZTKO",FPHPGZ[NFKGO

F[NK[K,FGBSGVG[NPHPGZXE,FINPVSGYJH,G"CKRGCGTZKOCTO",FPHPGZ[NFKGO

FZCKTK,FGBFINYFBPXTK[NBG\GPHPGZ,VSGYKOI=JG;"FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG",

[FG[ZNVKFCZKK\BCKGOFIPK[K[NIGNFPGTESGMG\,FGBFINYFBIZGQ[NPHPGZ

VB,FINPVSGYH;"KPGJGMNPGSEKBZW",FPHPGZ[NFKGOF[K[K[NIGNFPGTE,NBHG

CNCE[FGBINYGF[RK[NPHPGZVC,BNB[MG\Z\FPHPGZNYGIFPSGVG[NVSGYF

PBG\GPHPGZ,GNVKHFNBHGCNCE[[ZGIXKPHPGZ,[NG[FVSGYKOGIXKCNCE,BNB

[FINGB\F[KZCBPXTVSGY!GCBP\,PMKGGQ[ZBKRG[FPHPGZKO[NFKPKOC=GBKRO

BNBYJTKPHPGZKO,RZBF[DOCKGOFZB[GQ[NIGNFPGTENB[ZGB\PHPGZMJMGNG

BNBZYB\INYGFZB[GQ.PEGTCIGNFPGTESGMG\EGGYB[ZGFNGKKOVSGYKOSVGZKO

CNCE,CPYGOPHPGZKO[NPKO?

.3FPHPGZKO[NFKPKOF[NK[K,FZCKTK,FIPK[KGF[K[K[NIGNFPGTESGMG\NVK

FCZKK\BFOMBPGZYJTKPHPGZKOCNCE.BLNBHGCNCE,BNBMGNOYJTKO[NPHPGZKO

[NPKO,[FOTXPO[KZKO[NKPG\F[CGTCKPKFIGN:FPHPGZKO[NFKGOF[NK[K

GFZCKTK[NIGNFPGTESGMG\FOINYGF[NK[KGF[RK,42

CF\BPF,[NF[KZ[NKGO

ZCKTKCKPG\FIGN;FPHPGZ[NKGOIPK[K[NIGNFPGTESGMG\FGBINYGF[RK[N[KZG

[NKGOIPK[KC[CGT,GFPHPGZ[NKGO[K[K[NIGNFPGTESGMG\FGBINYGF[RK[N

[KZG[NKGO[NK[KC[CGT.MNGOPEGCZCXKZGUPYZKO?BOBMQK[FYVEFTNPHPGZKO

PKGIEKONKPKFPGTE,PEGTNBCIZGNDGGQB\FPHPGZKOFNNG?GBOFZ[KPFFHB\FKB

BMQRSVINZ[KPF[CPSM\SGVZKOVZYKI,PEGT[BZ[KZKFPGTEKOFOPHPGZKO

[NPKO,GBNG[NIGNFPGTESGMG\EGGYBFOIXBKPHPGZBG[NK[KPHPGZ?

.4CIKZ\FPHPGZKOBKRFPGCR\DOPXEF\GMQ.Z["KRKSFNVZ[BG\OTNZYT\GMIFNTO

FP\MRSCZDN,RKSKGQN[PGITNBU[TCGEPNMGKG\GPXGG\P\RG\TRKKOFY[GZG\CID

FBSKU,43

BLRKSKGRG\BNGBKROTGNKOKVFMNML,GCBG\FPKEFRK\QFKFNCIGZCPHPGZKO

BIZKOFP\BKPKOBUKG\ZNRG[BKOFNNG.MMNN,RZBF[PGJKCRKXIGQFYC"FTNFZ[T

FGBF[GNJCPHPGZKOFNNG.MCZPQFMG\ZG\[CCZKK\BRKMZ[ZGCOTGSYKOCVGZTRG\

NZ[TKOGRKXIGQF’TNFZ[T,PGJKC[BKRGP\BKOMNMLNBGGKZ\F[PIF[NIDFSGMG\.

.5N[GQFCZKK\B"CIGNG[NPGTE,CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO?..."BKRFINYF.CN[GQF\RBKO

FKKRGPXVKO[FKGOF[RK[NSGMG\KMGRFFKGOF[RK,GNBFKGOFZB[GQ[NIGNFPGTE,

GMVK[PMRKOB\FG[TRBZCF"[CKTK[NTZCF".GNBTGEBNB[[PG\FKPKOGF[BNG\

NDCKFOHFKONBNG[CCZKK\BCTRKKQ[KZKKPG\FIGN[CCCNKZB[F[RFNBT"B,

FPSGVI\NP[RF\PKEHE:44

\RKB,ZCKKFGEFBGPZP[GOZCKTYKCB:CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO?NF’FBZWGPNGBF,TN

[O[YRFGFYRFG[NKJCTGNPG.C[RKPFFKGBGPZKO?DEGNF’GPFNNPBE,TN[O[IKNY

PT[KGGPNLTNKFQ.C[NK[KFKGBGPZKOB’NFKORXCCTE\BN,TN[O[DKNFBZWCIMP\G

GFMKQ\CNNTE\G,CZCKTKFKGBGPZKOBNRYPG\F’{TN[O[CZBIPFGNCRF,GT\KE

NKVZTPTGCEKFQ.CIPK[KFKGBGPZKOFZRKRGNB’NFKOTGHRG{TN[O[CZBTGVG\GEDKO

41TNMLFXCKTMCZZCRG\O,BNB[NBEKKYGVKZ["[NBFKGBGPZKOPHPGZ[NOBNBIXKGFKGOGIXKGNPIZ")\GSVG\SGMF

PIT"B,E"FZDNCVRKTXPG(,GGEBKI[CTNFPHPGZKO[NFKGOF[NK[KGFZCKTK[NIGNFPGTESGMG\[[RKFONYGIKO

P\GLPHPGZXE.MKGXBCHFPXBRGBXNZB[GRKOBIZKO,ZBGBGXZPVZ[KF\NPGE,SGMF,MZLC,KZG[NKO\[P"J,

TP’\[PD=\[PE;E’FR[YF,[PI\FZDNC\NPGEO[N\RBKO,KZG[NKO\[S"H,TP’171=172,FTZF.52

42ZBGNFNQ,TKGRKFVKZG[NVKSYB~34|.

43Z["KSGMFRFT"B,E"FBGPZKOFCG,E"FGNZ[TBPZ,E"FPKKYGONKTOPZTKOGE"FKPGJGMNPGSEKBZW.

44TNFKG\P[RF\PKEHE\GSV\PBGIZ\NP[RF[NBFKK\FPGMZ\NCTNKFDPZBCCCNKZB[F[RFNBT"BZBG

K"RBV[JKKQ,PCGBNRGSIFP[RF,KZG[NKO\["S,TP’979,GXKGRKO[O;[’SVZBK,CKPKFCK\GCKPKFP[RF,MZLB,KZG[NKO

\[R"E,TP’147,FTZF72,GXKGRKO[O.

712PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 27: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

N[CIN[PG.C[[KFKGBGPZKOF’PNLDBG\NC[{TN[O[DPZPNBM\G,GPNLTNKFQ.

C[CKTKFKGBGPZKOPHPGZ[KZNKGOF[C\{NKGO[MGNG[C\.

MNGOXKZGUPYZKOFGB[[\KCZKK\G\K[NRGTOZ[KPG\[N"[KZKO[NKGO",[\KFQ

PRGSIG\CN[GQ"CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO...",FPHPGZKO[C[\KFQEGPKOPBGEGBUHFKO

CINYPQFPYZKO,BNB[CPYZFBIEZB[GQ,[RKGMG’FOKPKF[CGT,GCPYZFF[RK

PEGCZCKPKO[NIGNFPGTESGMG\?

PJTPKOBNGRZBFNFXKT[FCZKK\B[NRGCPYGZNBFKK\FZ[KPF[N[KZKFNGKKOCIGN

FPGTESGMG\.FNGKKO[ZGCMNKGOPKPKIGNFPGTESGMG\B\BG\GFPHPGZ,PHPGZTG,[CG

RBPZ"GKFKC[NOSGMG")VSGYD(,MVK[TGNFPSGVZKOKIKB.TKYZFCZKK\B[NRG,"CZB[GQPF

FKGBGPZKO...KPGJGMNPGSEKBZW",PXKTPSGZ\INGVK\NZ[KP\F[KZKO[NKGO[CCZKK\B

[CCCNKZB[F[RFNBT"B)P[RF\PKEHE(.[\KFPSGZG\EGPG\PBGE,GBG\OPHPGZKO

"PMMCKO"C[\KFZ[KPG\,BNB[RINYGF\RBKOCPHPGZKOFPEGKYKO[[KP[GCMNKGO)BO

MKRKMZ[[\KFZ[KPG\RGCTG\PPBDZ[MNNPHPGZKOP[G\VKO(.MPGMQ,RINYGCRYGEF

RGSV\:NVKZCKKFGEFP[GOZCKTYKCB,[ET\GPGCB\CCZKK\B[CCCNKZB[F[RF,[KZK

FNGKKOFKGPHPGZKO[NPKO.NTGP\HB\,NVKFCZKK\B[NRG,[KZKFNGKKOFKGIXBKPHPGZKO,

GRZBF[DOF[KZ[NKGOZB[GQCCZKK\B[NRG,"FCGNF’CRKBNKO",BKRGPHPGZMJMGNGBNB

ZYINYGFZB[GQ.

CCZKK\B[NZCKKFGEFGZCKTYKCB[CCCNKZB[F[RFNBT"BPVGZ[KOFJTPKONCIKZ\

FPHPGZKO.BLRZBF[RK\QNFXCKTTNJTPKOP[MRTKONBVIG\BORXBP\GLFRIF[DO

CCZKK\B[NRGZ[KPF[N[KZKO[RGTEGNKPG\F[CGT.FCGNJKO[CFOFOFCIKZFCINYG

FZB[GQ[NPHPGZMJM[KZG[NFKGOFZB[GQ,GFCIKZFCINYGFBIZGQ[NPHPGZVC:

"CZB[GQPFFKGBGPZKO?FCGNF’CRKBNKO")\IKN\G[NPHPGZMJ(,P[GO[VSGYD[NBG\G

PHPGZ,"YGNF’TNFPKO...F’TNPKOZCKO"ZGPHCCKZGZNCZB[K\BC,"GZGIBNFKOPZIV\

TNVRKFPKO".

"C[[KPFFKGBGPZKO?KPGJGMNPGSEKBZW",[FGBINYGF[RK[NPHPGZVC,FPHPGZ[NZCK

TYKCBNKGO[NK[K.FBMKNFPTWFET\CKGOF[K[KNCZKBFFKBFP\GBZ\MBQMF\PGJJG\

PGSEKFBZW[DGZP\NYC"FNDTGZCMNKNFCZKBF,FBEO,[BG\GSCZNEPG\NBNGFKOGNCRK

TNKGQ,GNDHGZTNKFONPG\"MBEO".

BLDOYJTKFPHPGZKON[BZFKPKOP\BKPKONKGO[NFO,BORXBP\GLFRIF[PEGCZ

CKPG\F[CGT,NNBY[ZNIGNFPGTESGMG\:

"C[RKPFFKGBGPZKO?GNZ[TBPZBNFKO")INYGF[RK[NPHPGZR(,P[GO[VSGYJGCBG\G

PHPGZ,"GNZ[TBPZBNFKOPFNLNSVZIYKG\[BCZK\KTNVKL"PHMKZB\RXIGQF’TN

F\FGO,SPNFZ[T,TNKEKZYKT\FZYKTCKQPKONPKO,GTN[OFVSGY"BONBCZK\KKGPO

GNKNFIGYG\[PKOGBZWNB[P\K")KZPKFGKDMF(.FVSGYFBIZGQ[NBG\GPHPGZZGPHBU

FGBN[PKO[RCZBGCKGOF[RK:"G[OEZLBZBRGCK[TBNFKO")PHPGZRMD(PHMKZB\FVSGY

"GKZBGB\BNFKK[ZBNG\I\ZDNKGMPT[FNCR\FSVKZGMTXOF[PKONJFZ.GBNBXKNKCRK

K[ZBNNB[NIKEG...")[PG\MEK=KB(.

"C[NK[KPFFKGBGPZKO?PKKYGONKTOPZTKO")INYGF[NK[K[NPHPGZXE,[FGBFPHPGZ

[NKGOZCKTKNVKZCKTYKCBGFFNMFFPYGCN\(,GHB\P[GO["PKK\KXCNKTOVGTNKBGQ"

)VSGYJH(PHMKZB\FXC\DCGNFKC[FGKKXGCGRDEF\FGO,FPSPN\B\FZ[T.

"CZCKTKPFFKGBGPZKO?CKRGCGTZKOCTO")INYGF[RK[NPHPGZXE,[FGBFPHPGZ[NKGO

ZCKTKDONVKFCZKK\B[NZCKTYKCBGFFNMFFPYGCN\(,GHB\TN[OFVSGY"BOKXZTKQ

FNBKCKJ")VSGYJ(,FP\VZ[MBQMTRKKQNCZKB\F[P[,[FKB"TKQFBZW")[PG\KJG(,

713 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 28: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

G"FPNPEBEOET\")VSGYK(FP\VZ[MTKQ"GPCRKK[[MZKGETKCKRFNT\KO")ECZKFKPKOB

KCND(,VSGYFP\Y[ZNI[CGRG\FKPKOGF[RKOTNVKF[P[GFKZI)CZB[K\BKE(.

"CIPK[KPFFKGBGPZKO?FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG",EFKKRGFINYF[RK[NPHPGZVB,[FGB

FPHPGZ[NKGOIPK[KDONVKZCKTYKCBGFFNMFFPYGCN\,GHB\TN[OVSGYKOK=KB[N

BG\GPHPGZ,"NBKFKFCLBNHZGNB\[\IGFNBNRMZ.BRMKF’B’NFKLFPTNLPBZWPXZKO

FZICVKLGBPNBFG",CKJGKFPHMKZB\FEKCZF[RKFBGSZCKQFK\ZNT[G\EPGKG\[NTGVG\

GEDKO,FCZKG\[RCZBGCKGOFIPK[K."GBPNBFG"CVSGYKBPHMKZDOB\FCKJGK"GPNBGB\

FPKOCKPKO"FPGVKTBUFGBCCZMFNEDKO[CCZB[K\BMC.

EGPF[Z[KPFHGNBMNNFPHPGZNKGOF[C\,P[GO[PVGZ[CMG\Z\[N\FKNKOXC[FGB

"PHPGZ[KZNKGOF[C\".BLFTEZPHPGZNKGOF[C\CZ[KPFHG,GFMVKNG\[CZ[KPG\

[[KYVFCPYGZPINGY\\RBKOCB[ZNBGZMOGNHKFGKO[NF[KZKO[NKPKF[CGT,DZPGNML

[FY[ZFFPYGZK[NFCZKK\BBCE,GP[PTGR[MI,GSCZGCJTG\[PEGCZC[KZKON[[\KPK

IGNFPGTESGMG\.TE[FDKTFFCZKK\BNKEKCTNFSGDKB[NRGFKBR\VSFMZ[KPF[N[KZKO

NIGNFPGTESGMG\,GXGZVFNFFMG\Z\"CIGNG[NPGTE".

CZCG\FKPKORGSVFNCZKK\BFFTZF"BOIN[C\CBIEPFO,KPGJGKEIF",[FGBTKYZ

TRKKRG[NCTNFDPZB[NRG.NNBFTZFHG,BKQMNNNFY[G\PCZKK\BHGTNZCKBIBCZ

IRKRB,[MQBV[Z[FPHPGZKOFNNGRBPZGCRGSUN[KZ[N[C\,G\YTGTN[RKF[KZKO.BMQ,

FTZFHGRGSVF[NBMET\ZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB,BLFKBDOBKRRFCZKK\BBG\RJK\,GPPKNB

BKQCFZBKFRDEZCKBIBCZCKIRKRB.BV[Z[DOCTNFDPZBI[[BKQZBKF[NPP[

PCZKK\BHGRDEZCKBIBCZIRKRB,NMQNBFCKBFBNBNBIZ[ECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRBREIG

MNKNCN[GQ"\KGC\BEZCKBIBCZIRKRB\KGC\B"TNKEKPEZ[FFNMF[NZCBCZ[PGBN

~28=29|.CTNFDPZB[NRGNBFCKBB\FECZKOBNBNZGGIBEPKN\B,GBV[ZDO[CKY[NIHY

B\F\KGC\B,P[GO[F\KGC\BFZB[GRF~28|FKBPCZKK\B[NZCBCZ[PGBN[TNVRKF

FKB[GG\TZLPCIKR\PTPEFNCZKK\B[NZCKBIBCZIRKRB,BNB[K[NRGVZ[RG\INGVK\

NCZKK\B[NZCKBIBCZIRKRB,MVK[TGNFPVKSYBG\~36=38|.BLNNBFVZ[RG\FINGVK\

FHB\RZBF[BKQMBQ\KGC\BTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB,BNBZGPKB[NCZKK\BBCZKK\B,

GFCZKK\B[NKPKIGNFPGTESGMG\CBFNFMZKTB\FMUNJGC\FZTKGQ[BKQ\GYTKOTNMN

PGSUGPGSU.45

N[KJ\RG,FPKNKO"GBOIN[C\CBIEPFO,KPGJGKEIF"FQ\GSV\NCZKK\B.CZO,PFZBF

FPDKFNIE[FNMFHG?NPFEGGYB"KPGJG"XZKLNFKEIG\?MNGOBKQHFV[GJKG\ZNEIG\B\

FPHPGZ[NFKGO[CGIN[C\?MPFBV[ZGKG\TGNG\TNFET\:BV[ZG\BI\FKB[K[MBQ

P[IYPKNKO,"KPGJGKEIF",P[GO[FPKNF"KPGJ"VKZG[G"KKEIF".BV[ZG\[RKKFFKB

[FDKZSBFPYGZK\C\GSV\HGNBFKK\FBNB"GBOIN[C\CBIEPFO,KEIF",GFMGGRFFKB

N[KZ[NBG\GKGO,BLDZSQPBGIZKG\ZF\Y[FNFCKQPFKKEIFMBQGVKZ[["KEIF"PGSC

TNFPHPGZFBIZGQCZ[KPFEGGYB,GMEKNFCFKZ[HGFMGGRF,FGBFDKF"KPGJGKEIF".

~34|ZCSVZBPRICFGSKPRB:FGPCF"K,ZCVVBPRICFGSPRB:FGPFC"K.GSKPRL:

BPCGFBESVZK...

NZCVVBFKK\FMRZBFPSGZ\BIZ\CCZKK\BGNVKFSEZFPHPGZKOCKGOFZCKTKGCKGO

FIPK[KFGBMSEZFGVT\FVSGYKOCPHPGZXE:INYGF[RK[NFPHPGZFG[ZCKGOFZCKTK,

GINYGF[NK[KCKGOFIPK[K.GCBP\,N[GQFCZKK\B[NVRKRG,[FGBMSKPRG[NZCSVZB,

45TPKRI)NTKN,FTZF9(,TP’141,SCGZBUFGB[FCZKK\BFPYGZK\NNBMNNFB\F[GZF"GBOIN[C\CBIEPFO,KPGJG

KEIF".NET\G,CZKK\BHGFGCBFMBQNM\IKNFNNBY[ZNZCKBIBCZIRKRB,GTGZLPBGIZ,[CKY[N[NCB\FCZKK\B

N\GLFEKGQCECZKZCKBIBCZIRKRB,FGSKUB\F[GZFFHB\NCZKK\BMEKNFY[G\PQFCZKK\BTNZCKBIBCZIRKRB.BL

Y[FNFBPKQ[TGZLC\Z-BPGZBKFKFPPXKBIGPZ\RBKMEKNFY[G\PPRGYG[KBPMZT\RDEBPGZB,GP[KCNYG[KBCEGKF

HGC\DGCFFPGIX\"\KGC\BEZCKBIBCZIRKRB\KGC\B",GMNHFZYMBPXTKN[KHGZIGPZKOBNGCBNG.F[TZFHGIG\Z\

\I\BG[KG\FP[BGFP\QF\NPGEKGBPKRG\FPVTNF\NPGEK,GBKQNF[GOFGMIF.

714PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN

Page 29: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

PGY[F:PFZBGNFYEKO"FSKZG\KPSCN",INYGF[NK[K[NPHPGZXE,N"PKKYGONKTO

PZTKO",INYGF[RK[NFPHPGZ?46

GFRFPXBRGSKPQNSKPRG[NZCSVZB:FPKNFFVZSK\"BPCGFB",EFKKRGYCGXF,MPGCCKJGK

"BPCGFBESVZK",YCGX\SGVZKO,R[PT\MPGSKPRG[NZCSVZBN[KZKFID:"FGPCFK".G[PB

CCZKK\BFPYGZK\[RGMZCVVBEGGYB,GMSEZFVSGYKOCPHPGZXE;FO[KGGNPHPGZKOFNNG

SKPQMZCVVB,FGPFC"K,GM\HMGZ\[KRRG"GSKPRLBPCGFBESVZK",GHB\PCNKN[KONCNML

[FPKNFFVZSK\"BPCGFB"PXCKTEGGYBTNYEKP\FCK"\,"CKRGCGTZKONTO",NF"B,

"FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG".BLMTCGZHPQDZOFSKPQ"BPCGFBESVZK",[FKFBPGZNSKKTC[KRGQ

SEZFPHPGZKONCZKK\B,EGGYBN[KCG[FSEZ{ZCSVZBGBIZKOFINGNFYEKOCSEZ

FPHPGZKO[CCZKK\BB\"CKRGCGTZKOCTO"N"FSKZG\KPSCN[MPG",MSEZFBG\KG\CPKNF

"BPCGFB",P[GO[EKKYGEKGYK\ZCSKPQFNB-PGXNI.

~36=38|GFBZCKBIBCZIRKRBYZBGP\RK\BYBPZ!BPZZCKRB:NGPZ[PBZKMKQ

C\YKTG\.ZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIBBPZK:NGPZ[PZCFC\GYTKQ

[RKFVKZG[KOFNNGPGY[KO.N[KJ\RG,TXOFPRKTNTPE\ZCKBIBCZIRKRBFGBFTGCEF

[NVKP[RF\PKEHD\GYTKOC[T\RSMKFKKQGF[KZ[NFYZCQTXPG,GBOFYZKCG[RK

YZCRG\FZKP\CY[[K\YTGC[T\FYZC\MNBIEPFO.GTGE:FZKNBPXBRGCPYGOBIZ

\YKTG\BZGMG\BGYXZG\,GFET\FRG\R\[BGZLF\YKTFFKFSJREZJK.Y[FNGPZ[FTO

FKFPZDK[CBGZLFMVGN[N\[TF\YKTG\[NVRKFPGSVKQ,CPYZF[NZKCGKPGSVKQ.GMNGO

KK\MQ[[KN[GB\BGZLF\YKTFCZB[F[RF[INC[C\,MVK[P\CY[N[KJ\ZCKRB?

B[ZNZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIB,FZKPVGZ[C\GZF[PEGCZC[\KIXGXZG\CNCE,GML

TGNFDOPP[RF\PKEHD,BORVZ[[BUFKBTGSY\C\YKTG\F\PKEKQGFPGSVKQ,GY[F

NFRKI[CPYZF[NZKCGKPGSVKQFGSKVGIXGXZG\N\[TF\YKTG\[NVRKSEZTCGE\

FPGSVKQ.

MCZZBKRG[ECZKZCRQEYKSZKP[PKFEZCKBIBFOTKCGE[NECZKO[FGCBGCPYGZ

CKZG[NPK,G[ORBPZ[PZCKOC\YKTG\EGGYB,BOMKFRGSI[NVRKRGP[GC[.EGPF[FECZKO

FDKTGCXGZFP[GC[\NCCN,GCTNFDPZB[NRGVKZ[BG\OMVK[VKZ[G[KCWBG\OMBQ,

M\[GCFN[BNF"GFBZCKBIBCZIRKRBYZBGP\RK\BYBPZ",GRZBF[ECZKZCKRBPDKCKO

NTKCGEHF[NECZKZCRQEYKSZKC[OZCKKTYCCZBIB,GPFGGKOBNJZRJKCFNFO,NBPGZ:

CPYGONVZ[[FGSKVG\GYTKO,GFKKRGCRKDGEN[\KFIXGXZG\FPVGZ[G\CVSGY,TEKUNVZ[

[FBZKMGC\YKTG\.

~39=41|GBRQEBK\NQ\ZKKGPK,FMKTCEKRQ?BCKKBPZ:[RKKEIF,ZCBBPZ:[CKTK

KEIF.\RKBMG\KFEZCB:BOIN[C\NFKG\CBIEPFQ{KPGJGKEIF.B\YKQBPKPZ

CRFZETBEPENDKENGDK

FZB[GRKOVKZ[G[F[BNFGF\[GCG\FNNGPGSCG\TNVSGYKYZCRG\FIDNKPKIGNFPGTE

SGMG\,FRBPZKOCPSDZ\YZKB\F\GZF,47

GNVKFPRFDDOC\VKN\PGSU.PQFN[GQ"EPENDK

ENGDK"CECZKBPKPZ,[FGBN[GQYVKXFNBIGZ,P[PT[PEGCZEGGYBCYZKB\F\GZF,48

GNB

CPGSU,[CGPHMKZKOCZXUB\YZCRG\FKGOGSVYG,GBKQMBQ"EKNGD".

CZGZ[BKQFMGGRFN[KZ[NKGO,[FKFFRG[BTEMF,PMPFSKCG\:)B(DOC[KZ[NKGOBKQ

BV[ZG\[N"EPENDKENGDK".)C([KZKO[NKGOBNGBKRO[KKMKOBNBC[T\FYZCQ,GBKQ

46ZBGFSCZG[NZ["K,SGMFRFT"B,E"FPKKYGONKTOPZTKO,GNVKGCKY[GNYZCB\F\GMIFCTRKKQFPT[ZG\YZGCMMN

FBV[ZNIHZFFCK\FPKZG[NKO.BLRZBFKG\Z[PEGCZCDKZSBP[GC[\.

47ZBGBGXZPVZ[KF\NPGE)NTKN,FTZF40(,TP’\\YRJ=\\YS,GFTZF97[O.F[GGFEKGQCCCNKPDKNFNBT"BCYZKBG\

C\GZF"FBKERBEBKMB\ZKKGPK",N[GQFPHMKZB\FN[GQMBQ,"GBRQEBK\NQ\ZKKGPK".

48F[GGCCNK\TRK\MHT"C,PDKNFMCT"B,"ZCBPZEGND".

715 FSGDKBFIP[T[ZF:’NVKFPGSVKQ’)RET"B=RFT"B(

Page 30: suka1 1. - talmudha-igud.org.il · okzpgb gkf fp qg[bzc |33~ .k k zcepc .omk[ei k[bzcg |28~ .i i okny[kn ogyk kp .hj r zgphp .okfnb zpb t[zng .b jm zgphp .oknb krc ’fn gcf .b"t

N[BGNNDCKFO"GBRQEBK\NQ\ZKKGPKFKMKTCEKRQ".)D(BKNGFKFPEGCZC[KZ[NKGOTXPG,

BKQZBKFNZCB]PQFCZKK\B"KPGJGKEIF",[MQCZGCF[RKOMCZREIF"KPGJG"PVRK[C\

IGNFPGTE,GMBQREZ[\EIKKFRGSV\P[GOKGOJGC[RK[NDNGKG\,[FGBSVYZB[GQ[N

IGNFPGTE.49

49GBUTNVKMQ,PV\KT[NBFHMKZGCSGDKBPVGZ[G\[PEGCZCYZKB\F\GZF.[PBFGTCZFFSGDKBNMBQPPDKNFNBT"BBG

PPYGOBIZ[CGFKFCZGZ[PEGCZCYZKB\F\GZF,GMEZMQ[NSGDKG\FPGTCZG\NFY[Z[NP[RKG\PSGKPG\P[GO

[FP[RFFFKBPGCB\CFQ\GLMEKEKGQ,MZBKFBGMYG[KB)ZBGNTKN,FEKGQCVZYE,SGDKBJH,’PGYXF’,PEGZ’PFNLFSGDKB

G\GNEG\KF:KISFSGDKBNP[RFGNSGDKG\FYZGCG\’,GXKGQCFTZF4[O(.BUMBQBV[Z[FEKGQFGTCZPPYGOBIZCDNN

F"\RKBRPKFMK"[CVKSYB~38|.

716PSM\SGMF{VZYIPK[K:FINKN