summarizing, paraphrasing and quoting in academic writing
DESCRIPTION
summarizing involves choosing an extensive part of a source such as a chapter from a book or an act from a play and stating their key points . On the other hand, paraphrasing involves stating the ideas presented in a specific part of a source such as a passage in a condensed manner. In spite of their subtle variations in representation, when summarizing, paraphrasing and quoting are employed, they must be attributed to the source to avoid plagiarism. 🌐: https://www.tutorsindia.com/ 📧: [email protected] 💬(WA): +91-8754446690 🇬🇧(UK): +44-1143520021TRANSCRIPT
SUMMARIZING,PARAPHRASING ANDQUOTING IN ACADEMICWRITING
An Academic presentation by Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Tutors India Group www.tutorsindia.comEmail: [email protected]
According to Plato, art is mimetic in nature. Writing is an art,and all forms of Writing involve thorough research.
When we indulge in writing, we get inspired by other’s idea.
We incorporate and assimilate them in our writing throughways such as paraphrasing, summarizing, and quoting.
This should reflect our understanding and interpretation ofthose ideas.
INTRODUCTION
While summarizing and paraphrasing reflect broader sections of the main text,quotations are brief divisions of a source. Further, summarizing involves choosing anextensive part of a source such a chapter from a book or an act from a play and statingtheir key points.
On the other hand, paraphrasing involves stating the ideas presented in a specific partof a source such as a passage in a condensed manner.
In spite of their subtle variations in representation, when summarizing, paraphrasingand quoting are employed, they must be attributed to the source to avoid plagiarism.
Summarizing refers to presenting an overview of a source by omitting unessential orredundant details and retaining only the significant essence of the ideas conveyed.
While summarizing, it is better to make notes as you go through a source text.
A consolidated view of the source text is presented without any departure from thesubject.
These two stated strategies are vital for a concrete and comprehensive summary of asource.
SUMMARIZING
Additionally, when relevant examples from a source are provided, it substantiates theargument being presented. Summarizing: an Example
Interesting blog: How To Solve The Biggest Problems With Dissertation Editing
How do you go about identify your strengths and weaknesses, and analyze theopportunities and threats that tide from them? SWOT Analysis is a valuable techniquethat helps you to do this.
What makes SWOT particularly powerful is that, with hardly a thought, it can help youto discover opportunities that you would not otherwise have realized.
And by having a clear understanding of your weaknesses, you can bring aboutchanges and do away with threats that might otherwise hurt your capability to advancein your role.
EXAMPLE: ORIGINAL
If you look at yourself using the SWOT framework, youcan start to separate yourself from your competitors, andadditionally develop the specialized talents and abilitiesthat you need in order to improve your career and helpyou achieve your individual goals.
SWOT Analysis is a technique that helps you identify strengths, weakness,opportunities, and threats.
Accepting and managing these factors helps one to develop the abilities needed toachieve their goals and progress in their career.
SUMMARY
Paraphrasing is the way by which a text is presented by altering certain words andphrases of a source.
However, the paraphrase should reflect proper understanding of the source.
Paraphrasing proves useful for personal understanding of complex concepts and ithelps in explaining information present in charts, figures, and tables.
When using synonyms of certain words and phrase, it should be ensured that theauthor’s intention is not changed and that it does not express an incorrectinterpretation of the source ideas.
PARAPHRASING
When key concepts or phrases are taken from the source, they need to be put withinquotation marks.
Paraphrasing is the best alternative when there is an abundant usage of directquotes in writing.
Albert Einstein is one of the most prominent scientific personalities.
His theory of black holes was confirmed when the first picture of ablack hole was photographed.
It is inconceivable how such an important figure once had to refusesomething much more important than him.
In 1952 Einstein was offered the role of the Israeli President since hehad been considered as the best Jew in the world.
The satirical aspect of this was that Einstein did not belong to Israel.
EXAMPLE: ORIGINAL
Scientist Albert Einstein is one of the most historic figures.
His theories have enabled us to know more about space than ever.
Even without having adequate resources Einstein theorized the existence ofblack holes which have been photographed by space researchers.
He was once offered the job of leading the nation of Israel in 1952 which hedid not accept.
Even though Einstein was not Israeli, he still had positive ratings in the countryas he was considered one of the best Jewish men in the world.
PARAPHRASED
Quotations are exact representations of a source.
The source of quotations can either be spoken words or a written one.
Quotes permeate an authoritative tone to academic writing and theypresent strong and reliable evidence to the topic or claims made.
However, quotations should only be sparingly used to support your writingand they should not form a large junk of it.
Quotations are inserted into academic writing in different ways asfollows:
QUOTING
Direct Quotes: They are provided within quotation marks and are properly cited.Example: “Madame Leval was connected with Duer,” Alexander Baring wrote.
Block Quotes: A quote of three or more lines is often put as a block quote withoutquotation marks.Example: In The Hound of the Baskervilles the hound is actually seen only in theend:
In-text Quotation: Very short quotes are usually integrated within a sentence and thisenhances the flow better.
Never in the delirious dream of a disordered brain could anything moresavage, more appalling, more hellish be conceived than that dark form andsavage face which broke upon us out of the wall of fog. (Doyle 82)
Example: According to John Pascoe Fawkner, 'all men have equal political rights,'whether they had once been convicts or not.
In conclusion, research flourishes on inspiration and assimilation of unusual concepts.However, when developing your research, do give proper credit to the origin.
