Synergic effect of exercise and nutrition intervention on

disease model

Wook Song, Ph.D.

Health & Exercise Science Labora-tory

Institute of Sport ScienceSeoul National University

DefinitionSynergic effect VS. Additive effect

Synergic effectThe interaction of two or more agents or forces so that their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

Additive effectAn effect in which two substances or actions used in combination produce a total effect the same as the sum of the individual ef-fects.

C.K.Ashok Kumar et al. 2008

Improved insulin sensitivity by activation of PPAR and AMPK signaling pathway

Target signaling of drug for type 2 DM

(TZD & Metformin)

J Renal Nutr 2011

Animal Pharm 2008

evolutionaryhealthperspective.wordpress.com 2013

Target signaling of exercise train-

ing: PPARs, AMPK, PGC-

1α

Synergic ef-fect?

Additive ef-fect?

Exer-cise

Nutri-tion Drug

CommonMecha-

nisms for action

DiabetesObesity

Hyperten-sion

DyslipidemiaCVD

Osteoporosis

Synergic effect of anti-con-vulsant agents and regular exercise on kainic acid in-

duced seizure

Introduc-tion

What is seizure ?"Seizure" is a general term that refers to a sudden malfunction in the brain that causes someone to collapse, convulse, or have another temporary disturbance of normal brain function, often with a loss or change in consciousness.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the synergic effect of regular exercise and therapy with an anticonvulsant agents could be a more efficient method for the prevention and/or treat-ment of epilepsy than exercise alone.

Materials and Methods

Drugs

Kainic acid (30 mg/kg; i.p.) to induce seizure activity

Resveratrol (250 mg/kg, orally) - a type of nat-ural phenol

Riluzole (5 mg/kg, i.p.) - a potent neuroprotec-tive drug

Clonidine (4 mg/kg, i.p.) - α2 adrenoreceptor agonist

Materials and Methods

Experimental groups

Experimental group nControl 11-13

KA only 11-13

Exercise + KA 11-13

Drugs + KA 11-13

Exercise + Drugs + KA 11-13

Adult male ICR mice weighing approximately 35 g each (8 week-old)

Materials and Methods

Physical exercise train-ing6 weeks swimming training (60 min sessions, 5 times per week)1st week: adaptation to swimming without weights

After the water-adaptation period, the mice were made to swim with weights (5% of body weight) in order to improve endurance exercise capacity. (Arida et al., 1991).

Materials and Methods

Experimental procedure

6 weeks swimming KA

(seizure induc-tion)

Measuring seizure activity

for 2 hours

Riluzole, Cloni-dine

(1 hour prior to KA)

Resvera-trol(6 weeks)

Results

Neuronal injury in hip-pocampus

KA (30 mg/kg, i.p.), Cresyl Vi-olet Hippocampus CA3 region

Results

Seizure activity lev-els

Results

Seizure activity lev-els

Ex : Swimming training for 6 weeksRes : ResveratrolRilu : Riluzole

Results

Chimney test (motor per-formance)

Results

Effect on oxidative stress

Results

Effect on mortality

These results indicate that the combina-tion of regular exercise and therapy with an anticonvulsant agent could be a more efficient method for the prevention and/or treatment of epilepsy than exercise alone.

Conclusion

Implication & Future Direction Potential synergistic effect of diet and exercise in

the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

Mechanisms of action and optimal diet and exer-cise prescription needed for benefit remain elusive. Nutrients are directed to specific tissues and cells via

physiologic processes that require much more research

Need to understand how diet (drug) and exercise interact to promote health, how changes in one af-fect the other.

What comprehensive prescription will be optimal in disease prevention?