TableofContentsShopRulesSafetyandHealthGeneralRulesGeneralTerminologyUnderstandingPowerToolsLEVELONE:HandTools:MarkingandLayoutHandSawsHammers/ChiselHand­heldPowerToolsHandDrillOrbitalSandersFinishingSandersBeltSanderDremelDiegrindersBradNailgun/StaplerJigSawStationaryPowerToolsLargebandsaw14”BandSawScrollsawSpindleSanderBelt/DiskSanderFloorDrillPressDrillBits

LEVELTWO:LagunaBandSawSlidingCompoundMiterSawReciprocatingSawCircularHandSawHollowChiselMortiserPanelSawLEVELTHREE:TableSawJointerThicknessPlanerWoodLatheRouterTableRouterLEVELFOUR:MetalLatheHandMillLEVELFIVE:CNCRouterCNCMillingMachineSignatureSheet/TrainingChecklistStudioRules

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SHOPRULES1.CheckinwithShoppersonnelwhenenteringtheShoptowork.2.TheshopisonlytobeusedwithpropersupervisionforpurposesrelativetotheoverallmissionoftheUniversity:shopmanager,shopmonitor,orclassinstructormustbepresent.3.YoumustcompleteShopOrientationandtrainingbeforeusinganyequipment.4.Thereshallbenounauthorizedvisitorsintheshop5.EyeProtection:safetyglasses,goggles,orfaceshieldsarerequiredtobewornatalltimesintheshopintheshop.6.Properearprotectionshouldbewornatalltimeswhileworkingintheshop.7.Useofadustmaskisrecommendedwhileworkingintheshop.8.WorkClothing: –anylooseclothing,hair,jewelry,etcarenotpermittedintheshop –closedtoeshoesonly;noflipflops,sandals,highheels,etc9.Nohorseplay…running,foolingaround,etcmaycontributetoanaccident10.BeAlert!Pleaseconsiderthesafetyofallpersonswhileworkingintheshop11.Reportallaccidents,missingormalfunctioningequipmentortoolstoshop

personnel.12.Donotattempttorepairoraltertheequipmentyourself.Donotattempttooperate

malfunctioningequipment13.Donotoperateanyequipmentwhileundertheinfluenceofdrugs,alcoholoranymedication.14.CellPhonesareNOTALLOWEDinShoparea.15.Headphones,I‐Pods,Discman,etc.areallowedaslongastheydonotdistractoperator.16.NOTOOLS/EQUIPMENTaretoberemovedfromtheShopwithoutpermission.AnyonecaughttakingshoppropertywithoutauthorizationwilllooseallShopaccess.AstudentcaughtstealingShopequipmentwillbeturnedintoCampusPolice.17.Alwayscleanyourworkareaandcheckoutbeforeleavingtheshop.

Safety&HealthProceduresPERSONALSAFETY:Woodworkingcanbedangerousunlesssafeandproperoperatingproceduresarefollowed.Aswithallmachinery,therearecertainhazardsinvolvedwiththeoperationofpowertools.Usingthemachineswithrespectandcautionwillconsiderablylessenthepossibilityofpersonalinjury.However,ifnormalsafetyprecautionsareoverlookedorignored,personalinjurytotheoperatormayresult.Safetyequipmentsuchasguards,pushsticks,hold‐downs,featherboards,eyeprotection,dustmasksandhearingprotectioncanreducepotential

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risksofinjury.Buteventhebestguardwon’tmakeupforpoorjudgment,carelessnessorinattention.Alwaysusecommonsenseandexercisecautionintheworkshop.Ifaprocedurefeelsdangerous,don’ttryit.Whenindoubtaskshoppersonnelforanalternativeprocedurethatwillbesafe.REMEMBER:Yourpersonalsafetyisyourresponsibility.Thebestwaytoprotectoneselffrominjuryistohaveaclearunderstandingofhowthetoolsworkandwhatarethepotentialdangers.Ifyouunderstandtheunderlyingforcesatwork,youwillbeabletoforeseeandavoidaccidentscausedbyignoranceorcarelessness.

ACCIDENTS:

Dial911onanycampusphonetoreportemergencies

Anyaccidentshouldbereportedimmediatelyand,ifneeded,firstaidapplied.Firstaidisthe“immediate,temporarycaregiventhevictimofanaccidentofsuddenillnessuntiltheservicesofaphysiciancanbeobtained.”

ArecentconsiderationinfirstaidcareisBloodbornepathogens.TheseincludeseriousdiseasessuchastheHIVvirusthatcausesAIDS,andhepatitisBandCviruses.Toprotectyourself,UniversalPrecautionsmustbeobserved.UniversalPrecautionsmeantreatingallhumanblood/fluidsasifitwasinfected,regardlessofthepersonwhoisinjured.Thiscanbestbeaccomplishedbywearingvinylorlatexgloveswhentreatingavictim.Ifabloodspilloccurs,notifytheInstructororShopSupervisorimmediately.Rememberthatseriousaccidentsdonotoccurifworkersaresafetyconsciousandfollowrecommendedprecautions.

FIREPREVENTION:1.Beawareofanyignitionsources;openflames,sparks,heatingelements,sparkgaps(motors,switches,friction,static,etc)2.Donotuseflammableliquidsinthepresenceofignitionsources,andviceversa3.Flammableliquidsgiveoffvapors,whichmayburnorexplode.Besuretheyareproperlystoredandlabeled.Reportspillsimmediately.4.Donotoverloadelectricalcircuits,andreportANYelectricalmalfunctionsimmediatelytoshoppersonnel.5.Goodhousekeepingisakeyelementinfireprevention,andproperstandardsmustbeenforcedintheshop.6.FlammablesStoreallflammablematerialintheFlammablestorageCabinets.Thisincludes:paint,paintthinner,spraypaint,acetone,woodfinish,etc.LOUDNOISES:Exposuretoloudnoisescancausehearingloss.Thelossofhearingiscumulative,andhappensgraduallysoyoumaynotrealizeyouaredamagingyourhearing

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whenyouuseloudequipment.Useofproperfittingandauthorizedearplugsorearmuffsisstronglyrecommendedwhenusingloudequipmentforanextendedperiod

GENERALRULES1.SEEKINSTRUCTIONANDADVICE.Neveruseanytypeoftoolforwhichyouhavenotreceivedspecificinstructiononitsproperandsafeusebytheshopsupervisor,shopmonitors,orclassInstructorevenifyouhavepreviousexperience.Youmustknowthetool’sapplicationandlimitations,aswellasthespecifichazardsofitsoperationbeforeusinganytool.Ifyouareunfamiliarwithanytools,askoneoftheappropriateshoppersonneltoassistyou.2.KEEPWORKAREACLEAN.Clutteredareasandbenchesinviteaccidents.Keepbookbags,extensioncordsandothermaterialoutofthewalkways.Alwaysbealerttootherpeopleinthearea.3.DONOTPERFORMSET­UPORLAYOUTWITHTHEMACHINERUNNING.Turnthemachineononlywhenreadytoperformoperation.4.NEVERADJUSTTHEMACHINE’SSETTINGSWITHTHETOOLRUNNING.5.FAMILIARIZEYOURSELFWITHTHEMACHINEBEFOREUSINGIT.Alwaysknowwheretheon/offswitchis.Ifanemergencysituationarises,turnoffthepowerfirst(ifpossible).6.ALWAYSCHECKMACHINESETTINGSBEFOREUSE.Theprevioususermayhaveleftthesettingswrongorloose.Alwaysresetthetooltoitszeropositionwhendone.7.PERFORMADRYRUNWITHTHEMACHINEOFFAFTERCHANGINGSETTINGS.Makesurethatalladjustmentsaretightandlocked,andthatmovementisfree.8.USETHERIGHTTOOL.Don’tforceatoolorattachmenttodoajobforwhichitwasnotdesigned.9.SECURETHEWORK.Useclampsoravisetoholdtheworkwhenpractical.It’ssaferthanusingyourhandandfreesbothhandstooperatethetool.Thesawwilllikelythrowthewoodviolentlythancutitunlessitisfirmlyfixedagainstthetableandfence.10.ALWAYSHOLDTHELONGSIDEOFTHECUT.Keephandsasafedistancefromtheblade.11.BOTHENDSOFWOODMUSTBESUPPORTED,EVENAFTERTHECUT.Thefreeendofacutmustnotbindwiththebladeafterthecutismade.12.DONOTCUTSMALLPIECESONCIRCULARSAWS.Alwayskeephandsatleast6”awayfromcircularblades.Clampsmallpiecesorfashionajigorhold‐down.Otherwise,usehandtoolstomakecutsonsmallpieces.13.DONOTCUTIRREGULARLYSHAPED,WARPED,ORSPLITWOOD.Thewoodmustsitflatagainstthesaw’stableandfence.14.DONOTCUTWOODCONTAININGNAILSOROTHERFOREIGNMATERIALS.Metalwilldullblades,instantlycausesparks,andbecomedangerousprojectiles.15.USECAUTIONWHENCUTTINGTHROUGHKNOTS.Knotswilloftenfragmentunpredictably,turningintodangerousprojectiles.

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16.DONOTSTARTMOTORSWITHTHEBLADETOUCHINGTHEWOOD.Allowthebladetoreachfullspeedbeforebeginningthecut.17.MAKECUTSWITHSLOWSTEADYFEED.Donottrytocuttooquicklyorabruptly.Alwaysbepreparedtostopthecut.Suddenmovementsinvitealossofcontrol.18.KEEPHANDOUTOFTHECUTPATHATALLTIMES.Alwaysbeawareofyourhandsinrelationtotheblade.Alwaysbeawareofthecutpath.19.BePatient!Alwaysletmachinecometoacompletestopbeforeremovingscraps.20.DONOTOVERREACH.Keepproperfootingandbalanceatalltimes.Donotreachoveroracrossbladesandmovingparts.Donotreachundermachinesthatareon.21.DONOTUSEDULLORDAMAGEDBLADES.Stopcuttingandalertshoppersonnelifcuttingisdifficult.22.DISCONNECTTOOLSTHATAPPEARTOBEDAMAGEDORMALFUNCTIONING.Alertshoppersonnel.Neverreconnecttoolsfounddisconnectedwithoutthepermissionofshoppersonnel.23.REDUCETHERISKOFUNINTENTIONALSTARTING.Makesureswitchisin“OFF”positionbeforeplugginginpowercord.24.NEVERLEANONTOOL.Seriousinjurycouldoccurifthetoolistippedorifthecuttingtoolisaccidentallycontacted.25.DIRECTIONOFFEED.Feedworkintoabladeorcutteragainstthedirectionofrotationofthebladeorcutteronly.26.NEVERLEAVETOOLRUNNINGUNATTENDED.TURNPOWEROFF.Don’tleavetooluntilitcomestoacompletestop.Donotturnyourbackonrunningtools.27.TOOLSMUSTBECHECKEDOUTBYSHOPPERSONNELFORUSEOUTSIDEOFSHOP.YoumustleaveyourStudentID.28.NOTREATEDLUMBERALLOWEDINTHESHOP.29.REMOVEALLNAILSFROMSALVAGEDWOODBEFOREWORKING30.NOLEADALLOWED!DONOTUSEANYMATERIALSCONTANINGLEADBASEDPAINTS.Ifyouareunsureaboutthecompositionofthepaintedmaterials,itwillbeassumedthatthepaintisleadbased.31.KEEPAISLESANDWORKAREACLEANANDCLEAR.GENERALTERMINOLOGY:

Grain:thefibrousstructureofthewood,evidentinthelightanddarkstreakingofthesoftspringgrowth(light)andhardsummergrowth(dark)ofthetreeGrainfigure:thepatternformedbythegrainonthesurfaceofalongitudinalcut(alongthegrain);thecharacterofthispatterndependsonthecross‐sectionofthewoodKnots:areasofdense,twistedgrainthatoccurwherelimbsbranchapart(literalknotsinthegrain)Softwoods:woodofevergreentrees(notnecessarilysoft)Hardwoods:woodofdeciduousorbroad‐leafedtrees(notnecessarilyhard)Milledlumber:woodthathasbeenprocessed(cut,planed,andsanded)intoregulardimensions(alsocalledstock)Rip­cut:acutinaboardalongitslongdimension,withthegrainCrosscut:acutinaboardacrossitsshortdimension,acrossthegrainKerf:thegrooveorcutmadebyabladeMiter:referstoanangle;amiterjointisoneinwhichbothpiecesarecutatanangle,andamitergaugeisaguideusedholdthewoodatasetangleFence:themetalbarusedtoguidethewoodalongastraightpath,oragainstwhichthewoodisheldwhenmakingacutButtjoint:90degree

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jointinwhichtheendofonepieceabutsthesideofanotherHold­down:asimpleclampingmechanismusedtoholdapieceofwoodwhilecuttingJig:anyspeciallyconstructedmechanismusedtofacilitateaspecificcuttingprocedureBladeSet:thealternatingangledoffsetoftheteethofabladeKickback:thesuddenbackwardforceproducedwhenthebladestallsorbindsinthewoodduringacutDado:agroovecutintoapieceofflatwoodRabbet:astepcutintotheendoredgeofapieceofflatwood(ahalfdado)Moldingormillwork:shaped,decorativeprofilescutintowood

UNDERSTANDINGPOWERTOOLS:Obviously,themostdangerouspartsofpowertoolsarethemovingparts.Allofthemachineryinthisshopispoweredbyelectricmotors,andtheradialforcesproducedbyspinningshafts,pulleys,bladesandbeltscanbeparticularlydangerous.

Thisdangerarisesfromtwoeffectsofspinningparts:(1)outwardforces—woodanddebriscanbecomeviolentprojectileswhenthrownbyspinningblades(2)inwardforces—looseclothing,jewelry,hair,andfingerscanbegrabbed,woundup,andpulledinandmangledbyanyspinningmachinery.Alwaysbeawareofthedangeroftheseradialforces.Alwaysweareyeprotection,neverstandinlinewithcircularblades,andalwaysmaintainasafedistancefromspinningpartswhenthetoolisoperating.Understandinghowsawbladescutwillhelpyoucutefficiently,accurately,andsafely.

Therearetwobasictypesofsawblades:thecircularbladeandthestraight(orband)blade.Theteethpointinthedirectioninwhichthesawwillpushthewoodifallowed,orwillthrowdebris.Ifthebladeand/orthewoodistwistedorbecomesmisaligned,thesideofthebladewillfouloutagainstthewoodandcreatefriction.

Thiswillcauseoneofthreethingstohappen:(1)thebladewillheatupanddullorbreak(2)thebladewillstalloutandkickback(3)thebladewillthrowthewood.Ifthebladebeginstobind,easeoffthecutandtrytocorrectthealignment.Ifthebladestallsout,holdthewoodinplace(orthesawinsomecases)andturnoffthemotor.Asyouwillnothavetimetoreactinthethirdpossibility,preventivemeasuresarecritical.Ifthebladethrowsthewood,itwilleitherthrowitawayfromthemachine,inwhichcaseyoumustnotbeinlinewiththeblade,oritwillpullthewoodawayfromyoutowardtheblade,inwhichcaseyoudonotwantyourhandtoocloseasitwillbepulledinafterit.

Woodthatisirregularlyshaped,warped,orsplitparalleltothecutwillbepronetomoveasitiscut,creatingadangeroussituation.Cuttingthroughknotsisalsohazardous,astheyaredenseandbrittle.Whencut,knotscanfragmentunpredictably;creatingdebristhatcanbecomeviolentprojectiles.Ifexcessiveforceisrequired,thebladeisdullornot

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appropriateforthematerialbeingcut.Forcingacutwilloverheatthebladeandcreatethepotentialforittobindinthewood.Everybladeisdesignedtocutaspecifickindofmaterialandtomakespecifickindsofcuts.Usingabladetocutthewrongkindofmaterialcanresultindamagetothebladeandinjurytotheoperator.‐Circularbladescanonlybeusedtomakestraightcuts(Nevertrytocutacurvedcutwithacircularblade).‐Straightorbandbladescancutbothstraightandcurvedcuts.‐Bladesdesignedtocutwoodgenerallyhavelargerteeth,andbladesformetalsandplasticshavesmallteeth.Nevertrytocutmetalwithawoodcuttingsaw,andcutplasticsonlyonapprovedmachinery‐Nevercutwoodthatmightcontainnailsorotherforeignmaterials.‐Metalwillinstantlydullawoodcuttingbladeandpotentiallycreatehazardousdebris.

Anothercharacteristicimportanttostraightbladesisthewidthoftheblade.Thewidthofthebladedeterminesthekindsofcurvesthatcanbecutwithit.Themorenarrowtheblade,thetighterthecurvepossible.Widebladescanonlymakestraightorgentlycurvingcuts,whereasaverynarrowbladecanmakeverytightcurveswithasmallradius.Ifthebladebindsupduringacurvedcutthenthebladeistoowidetomaketheturn.Tryingtoforceabladetocurvetootightlywillwearoutthebladeandthebladeguidesveryquickly,potentiallybreakingtheblade.Listentothesoundofthemachineasitcuts,andbeawareofanychangesinpitchasthecutprogresses.Youwillusuallyhearthemotorbegintostrainifthebladebeginstobind,evenbeforeyouseeorfeelit.Ifyouhearthemachinehavingtrouble,easeoffandre‐correct,orstopthecut.Trytoidentifytheproblembeforeproceeding.

LEVELONETRAINING:MarkingandLayoutA. Accuracy: “Measure twice and cut once.” When unsure, cut a little long and

physicallycheckfit.B. When measuring for cuts, remember that blades have thickness and will turn a

portionofthewoodintosawdust.C. Cutononeside(wasteside)ofpencilmarkD.Toolsforlayout:1.Pencil(notshown)2.Scribe:(notshown)Ascribeisanykindofsharp,pointedmetalmarkingtool.Becauseapencilmarkisnotasthinasascratchorknifecut,ascribemarkismoreprecise.3.Tapemeasure(notshown)4.Square:L‐shaped,right‐anglemetalstraightedge5.CombinationSquare:anadjustable90degreeand45degreeanglegaugewithanarulerononesideandanoffsetthatcanbesetagainsttheedgeofaboardforaccuracyontheother

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6.Compasses:markscirclearoundacenterpoint7.Markinggauge:anadjustablescribethatslidesalongtheedgeofaboardtomarkasetdistancefromthatedge8.Bevel:anadjustablegaugefortransferringvariableangles9.Calipers:twoprongmeasuringdevicesimilartoacompass(fromlefttoright:insidecalipers,outsidecalipers,dividers)10.Chalkline:achalkimpregnatedstringonareelforsnappingstraightlines11.Plumbbob:apointedweightonastringusedfordeterminingtruevertical12.Level:(notshown)arigidstraightedgewithbubblegaugesfordeterminingtrueverticalandtruehorizontal.

HandTools

HandSawsFewtoolsareasusefulorasoftenoverlookedormisusedasthehandsaw.Whenusedcorrectly,thehandsawisaquickandefficientwayaccomplishingprecisecuts.Whenmisused,thehandsawistiresomeandsloppy.Thehandsawshouldbeusedanytimeapowertoolwouldbedifficultordangeroustouse.KindsofSaws:Eachtypeofsawisdesignedforaspecifictask.Usingthewrongsawforanytaskmeanswastedeffortandpooraccuracy.

A.BowSaw:Alarge,double‐actiontoothedbandbladeisheldintensionlikeabowstring.Itisusedforcuttinglimbsandroughlumber

B.Rip,PanelorCrosscutSaw:General‐purposesaws.Theteethconfigurationdetermineswhetherthesawisappropriateforripping,crosscutting,orsawingpanels.

C.BackSaw:Astraightwidebladestiffenedalongthe

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topedgeforaccuracyandthatcutsonthepushor“back”stroke.Itisusedforcuttingmiters,tennons,anddovetails.D.GentSaw:AsmallerversionofthebacksawusedforverypreciseworkE.CopingSaw:Asawwithanarrow,thinblade(cutsonthepullstroke)heldintensionbyadeepC‐shapedarm.Itisusedforcuttingintricatecurves.Thebladecanbeinsertedthroughaholeinthepiecetomakeatrappedcut.F.HackSaw:Asawwithafine‐toothedbandsawbladeheldintension.Itisusedforcuttingmetalsandsomeplastics.Thebladecutsonthepushstroke.G.Flush­cutSaw:anextrathin,flexiblebladethatcutsonthepullstroke.Itisusedtocutwoodendowelsandpinsflushwithoutmarkingthesurface.Alsousefulforvariousdetailcuts.HammersAhammerisaverybasictoolforanycarpenter.A.HammerSafety

1.Usethepropersizeandtypeofhammerforthejob.2.Neverthrowatool.3.Checktheheadtoseethatitissecurelyfastenedtothehandle.B.MostCommonHazards

1.Smashingthumbsandfingers.2.Fumblinganddropping.3.Beinghitontheheadduringthebackswing.ChiselsAwoodchiselisusedtocutmortisesintowoodforhardwareandotheritems.Itismadeofasteelbladeheattreatedthroughoutsoitcanbesharpeneditsentirelength.Chiselsizesaredeterminedbythewidthoftheblade.Bladesareavailablein1/8”to1”,andin1⁄4”incrementsfrom1”to2”.Achiselismadetoeithercutbyhandorcutbyholdingthechiselandstrikingitwithahammerormallet.Eitherway,thebeveledsideshouldbeturneddown.Thisenablesyoutopreventthechiselfromcuttingtoodeepbyrockingitbackonthebevel.Thisraisesthecuttingedge.

ChiselSafety:

1.Keepchiselssharp.Asharptoolislessdangerousthanadullonebecauselesspressureneedstobeused.2.Drivewoodchiselsoutward,awayfromyourbody.3.Neverputyourhandinfrontofthecuttingedge.4.Removenailsorscrewsfromthewoodbeforeyouuseachiselonit.5.Neveruseawoodchiselasapryorwedge.Thesteelishardandmaybreak.6.Alwayscarryachiselwiththesharpenddown.7.Nevercarrysharptoolswithpointsstickingup.

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HANDHELDPOWERTOOLSHandDrill1.Configuration:handhelddrill2.CuttingAction:a.Workissecuredanddrillmovedbyhandb.Canbeusedtodrivescrewwithspecialbits3.Adjustment:varieswithmodela.Triggercanbelockedonb.Speedcanbeadjustedc.Directioncanbereversed4.Safety:a.Donotdrill“blind”.Donotdrillwithoutascertainingbacksideofworkisclearofobstructions.b.Donotdrillintotabletoporsupport.c.Donotabuseelectricalcord.d.Keepelectricalcordfreeofsnags.e.Usebothhandsondrill.Ifthebitbindsup,thedrillwilltrytowrenchitselfviolentlyfromyourgrip,beprepared

HandSandersAllofthesameprecautionstakenwiththelargestationarysandersalsoapplytothesmallerhandsanders,especiallythehandbeltsander.Thefinishingandrandomorbitsanders,however,producefarlessforceandarethusgenerallysafer.Alwayswearadustmaskwhensanding,especiallywhenthereisnotadustcollectoronthemachine.

NEVERSANDWOODPAINTEDWITHLEAD­BASEDPAINTINTHEWOODSHOP.Specialhazardousmaterialsprecautionsmustbetakenwiththedustproducedfromsandinglead‐basedpaint.Ifyoucannotdeterminewithabsolutecertaintythatapaintisnotlead‐based,treatitasifitwere.Allhandsandersareequippedwithtriggerlocksthatlockthesanderintheonposition.Makesurethelockisoffbeforeplugginginthesander.Somehandsandersareequippedwithdustcollectingbags.Alwayscheckthesebagsbeforeandafteruse,andemptyanydustinside.

FinishingSanders1.Configurations:small,handheldvibratingpadsandera.HalfSheetFinishSander:usesahalfsheetofsandpaperb.QuarterSheetPalmSander:usesaquartersheetofsandpaperc.Palm/OrbitalSander:roundpad,Velcrobacking2.Action:sandingpadvibratesinarandomlychangingcircularmotion

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HandBeltSander1.Configuration:small,handheldbelt2.Action:beltrotatesaroundtwopulleys;sanderismovedwhilewoodisheldstationary3.Safety:a.Usebothhandstoholdthesanderfirmly.Alwaysbeabletoholdagainstthedirectionofbeltrotation.b. Securethewood.Thesanderwilltrytothrowloosewood.c. Neverapproachfromattackingangle.Donottearthebeltonsharpcorners.d. Beawareofbelttrackingandtension.Shutoffmachineandalertshoppersonnelifbelttrackswrong,especiallyifsparksarecreated.e. Donotuseifbeltislooseortorn.Alertshoppersonnel.f. Keephandsawayfromabrasivesurfaces,especiallynearintakegaps.g. Donotsandelectricalcord,looseclothingand/orclothinthesandingarea.Keepelectricalcordfreeofsnags.DremelAsmall,all‐purposeshapingdeviceforverydetailedwork.Itissimilarinconfigurationtoarouterwithoutaguidebase,andcanbeutilizedforshaping,sanding,grinding,andmuchmore.

A‐E:Highspeedcuttersforgeneralpurposeshapingofwood,metalorplasticsF–H:Tungstencarbidecutters:

longerlastingcuttersI:Wirebrush:forcleaningcorrosion

andrustonmetalsJ–M:Grindingpoints:forgrindingmetalN:CuttingdisksandMandrel

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SAFETY:WEAREYEPROTECTIONJigSaw1.Configuration:handheld,withashortstoutbladeextendingfrombottom(foot)2.CuttingAction:thebladereciprocatesupanddown,cuttingontheupstroke3.Adjustment:varieswithmodela.Triggercanbelockedonb.Speedcanbeadjustedc.Singleactionororbitingbladed.Thefoottiltsonsomemodels4.Cuts:straightorcurvedcutsinmoderatelythinwood(uptolengthofblade)5.Safety:a.Donotcut“blind”.Donotcutwithoutascertainingbacksideofcutisclearofobstructions.b.Donotcutintotabletoporsupport.c.Donotcutelectricalcord.d.Keepelectricalcordfreeofsnags.e.Makesurebladeextendscompletelythroughmaterialthroughoutstrokef.Securematerialbeforecutting.Smalland/orthinmaterialmayflexorvibratecausinglossofcontrol.PneumaticTools

Pneumatictoolsarepoweredusingcompressedairandmustbeconnectedtotheshop’sairsupply.Beforeuseofthetool,thetoolshouldbeoiledwithproperairtooloil.BradNailer:1.Configuration:pneumatic18or16gage2.NailingAction:Usedonlytofastenwoodtogether3.Adjustments:Nailsvaryfrom5/8ofaninchto21⁄2inches.4.Loading:Clipsmustbepulledbackandpropernailsizemustbeplacedinwithheadsup5.Safety:a.Alwaysweareyeprotection.b.Keepallbodypartsasafedistanceawayfromtheareaofnailing.c.NEVERPOINTTHENAILGUNINTHEDIRECTIONOFOTHERS.d.Avoidnailinginareasofknots,metal,and/orotherhardareasinthewood.e.Alwayshavenailerpointedagainstthewoodwhennailing.DieGrinder:1.Configuration:Handheldrotarygrinder.2Action:Usesdifferentbitsformanydifferentgrindingpurposes3.BitRequirements:Usetheproperbitforthepropermaterial.4.Safety:a.Safetyglasses,dustmask,andearprotectionarerequiredforuseofthetool.b.Beawareofbodypartsneargrindingbits.c.Beawareoflooseclothingandmaterial.d.Iteminwhichyouaregrindingmustbeproperlyclampedorhelddown

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STATIONARYPOWERTOOLS14”BandSaw/36”BandSaw1.Configuration:long,continuousbandbladeloopedaroundlargeupperandlowerwheels2.CuttingAction:Woodismovedontableintoblade3.Adjustments:Tabletoptiltsforbeveledcuts0\45°4.Cuts:straightcutsandwidecurvesa.Versatile:rip‐cuts,crosscuts,miters,andlongradiuscurves.b.Curvesandrip‐cutsarecutfreehandc.Cutsanysizepieceofwoodthatwillfitthroughthroatandontabled.Crosscutsandmitersarecutwithmitergauge5.Safety:a.Woodmustflatagainsttableandstable.Nevercutroundorunstablewoodwithoutsecondarysupport(suchasajig).Thedownwardforceofthebladewilltwistroundorunstablestockasitcuts,causingthebladetobind,kink,andbreak.b.Setguard1⁄4”abovewood.c.Neverforceacurvedcuttighterthanallowedbythebladewidthd.Watchyourfingers,especiallyattheendofthecut.e.Neverbackoutoflongcutswiththemachinerunning.Backwardpressurecancausethebladetojumpitsguides,hangup,andbreak.f.Planyourcutsbeforeyoubegincutting.Makesurethewoodwillclearthethroatthroughoutthecut.Makereleasecutsbeforecuttinglongcurves.FloorDrillPress1.Configuration:overheaddrillmountedaboveadjustabletable2.CuttingAction:a.Drillbitismountedinachuck,whichtravelsupanddownonthequillb.Drillsholesperpendiculartotable3.Adjustments:a.Variablespeed(changewithdrillononly)b.Tableelevationc.Quillcanbelockedd.DepthstopforsettingholedepthPowerDrillsTheprincipledangerofpowerdrillisthelossofcontrolbytheoperatorandthedangerofloosematerialbeingtwistedupontothebit.Remember,thebitisspinning,creatingthehazardsofradialforces.Itisimportanttonotewhichbitsareappropriateforwhatmaterials.Ingeneral,woodcuttingbitscanbeusedonlytocutwood,whereasmetalcuttingbitscancutbothmetalandwood.

A.Countersink:createsanenlargedholewithanangledbottomtoallowscrewheadstosetbelowthesurface

B. CombinationBit:aflattaperedbitwithashoulderfordrillingandcountersinkingholesforwoodscrews

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C.ForstnerBit:averyprecisebitforcuttinglargeholesover1⁄2inchD.MasonryBit:abitfordrillingholesintomasonryorcementE. BulletPointBit:awoodcuttingbitwitha“bullet”pointthatreducespointdriftandcutsaholewithaflatbottom(alsocalledaBrad‐pointbit)

F. ReducedShankTwistBit:alargetwin‐flutedbitwithasmallershaftG. TwistBit:atwinflutedbitwithabeveledpointappropriateforgeneraldrillingin

woodormetalH.SpadeBit:aflat,inexpensivebitforboringlargeholesover1⁄2inchwide.Notaccurateandtendtotear‐outthebeginningandendsofcuts

I. Auger:drillslargedeepholeswithabraceorslowspeedhanddrill.Thethreadedpointscrewsintothewoodandpullsthebitdeeper.ITCANNOTBEUSEDINTHEDRILLPRESS.

J. FlyCutter:anadjustableholesaw.ITCANNOTBEUSEDWITHAHANDDRILLANDCANONLYBEUSEDINTHEDRILLPRESS.

K. HoleSaws:forsawinglargeholes(1to3inches)throughwoodnothickerthantwiceitslength(3‐1⁄2inchesmax)

4.Safety:a.Useonlybitsappropriateforthematerial.b.Makesurethatthebittightandstraightinchuck.c.Removekeyfromchuckbeforeturningon.d.Securewood,clampingitwheneverpossible.e.Donotdrillintometaltable.f.Placeascrapofwoodunderworktoavoidtear‐out.g.Checkdrillspeed:fasterforsoftmaterialsorsmallbits,slowerforhardmaterialorlargebits.

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h.Neveruseaugerbitsinthedrillpress.i.Avoidawkwardhandpositionsinwhichasuddenslipwouldcausehandtogointothecuttingtool.j.Holdworkinlefthandandoperatedrillwithrighthand.k.Neverweargloves,jewelry,looseclothing,orlongloosehair.Scrollsaw1.Configuration:ashortthinbladeheldthroughthetablebyalongarm2.CuttingAction:thebladereciprocatesupanddown,cuttingonthedownstroke3.Adjustmentsa.Thetabletiltsforbevelcutsb.Thebladecanbeeasilyremovedandinsertedthroughaholeinthewoodtoallowtrappedcuts4.Cuts:intricateanddelicatecurvesinflat,thinwood5.Safety:a.Watchyourfingersb.Makesurebladehasteethpointingdownc.Makesuretensionisadjustedproperlyonthebladed.Donotpushtoohardonwood.Youwantonlyenoughpressuretomaintaingoodcontactonthedownstroke,nottheupstroke.SANDERS:Thelargestationarysandersareusedprimarilyforshapingandcoarsesanding.Thesesandersremovematerialveryquicklyandmustbeusedverycarefully.Deepgougescanbequicklycutintothewoodsurface,andedgescaneasilybesandedcrooked.Safety:a.Alwaysholdthepiecesecurely,andsandwithlight,evenpressureb.Usethetablesandguideswheneverastraightorbevelededgeisrequiredanduse

ofsuchaidsispossible.c.Tryingtosandtooquicklywillresultinpooraccuracyandsloppywork.d.Theprimarydangerofpowersandersisthattheusersunderestimatetheirhazardbecausetherearenoblades.Theycanhoweverbejustasdangerousassaws.e.Neverweargloves,looseclothing,hair,jewelryf.Neversandpiecestoosmalltoholdsafelyg.Donotuseifbeltordiskislooseortorn.Alertshoppersonnel.h.Holdwoodfirmly,alwaysbeabletoholdagainstthedirectionofsander.i.Usesandingdiskondownside,notupsidej.NEVERPOWERSANDMETALS,INCLUDINGNAILS,SCREWS,OROTHERFASTENERSINTHEWOOD.Sparkscanigniteairbornesawdust.OscillatingSpindleSanders1.Configuration:Acylindricalsandingspindlemountedinatable2.Action:Thespindlespins(andonsomemodelsoscillateupanddown)whilethewoodismovedagainstthetabletop.3.Adjustments:somemodelshaveinterchangeablespindlesofvariousdiameter4.Safety:a.Keepmaterialflatagainstthetabletop.b.Uselightpressure.Donotburnoutthesandpaper.

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LargeBeltSander:1.Configuration:Largebeltrunninghorizontally,mountedtotable2.Action:Beltrotatesaroundtwopulleys,workiseasedintosandingsurface3.Safety:a.alwayswearsafetyglasses/gogglesb.keepworkflattotablec.neverattempttosandsmallitemsthataredifficulttohold/controld.neverforcewoodintobelte.ifbeltbecomestornortracksoff–shutdownandnotifyshoppersonnelLEVELTWOTRAINING:

Specialcaremustbetakenwithtoolsthatcutwithacircularblade.Thesebladescutwithtremendousforces,andtheradialmotionofthebladescanboththrowwoodanddebrisoutwardandpullfingersandlooseclothinginward.Thewoodbeingcutmustbeheldsecurelyatalltimes.Ifallowed,thebladewilltrytomovethewoodviolentlyratherthancuttingit.NEVERCUTFREEHANDWITHMOUNTEDCIRCULARSAWSNEVERPLACEHANDSCLOSERTHAN6”TOAMOVINGBLADE

LagunaBANDSAW1.Configuration:long,continuousbandbladeloopedaroundlargeupperandlowerwheels2.CuttingAction:Woodismovedontableintoblade3.Adjustments:Tabletoptilts,BladeGuidesraised‐lowered4.Cuts:re‐sawing,ripping,straightcutsandthickstock5.Safety:1. Woodmustflatagainsttableandstable.Nevercutroundorunstablewoodwithoutsecondarysupport(suchasajig).Thedownwardforceofthebladewilltwistroundorunstablestockasitcuts,causingthebladetobind,kink,andbreak.2. Setguard1⁄4”abovewood.3. Neverforceacurvedcuttighterthanallowedbythebladewidth4. Watchyourfingers,especiallyattheendofthecut.5. Neverbackoutoflongcutswiththemachinerunning.Backwardpressurecancausethebladetojumpitsguides,hangup,andbreak.6.Planyourcutsbeforeyoubegincutting.Makesurethewoodwillclearthethroatthroughoutthecut.Makereleasecutsbeforecuttinglongcurves.SlidingCompoundMiterSaw1.Configuration:circularblademountedonadoubleactionarm2.CuttingAction:a.slidesforwardabovewoodb.swingsdowninchoppingmotion

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c. slidesbackonrails,cuttingonthepushstroked.railassemblycanbelockedsothatsawcanonlychoplikeastandardmitersawe.woodisheldinplacewhilebladeismoved3.Adjustments:a.Bladeassemblyswivelsformitercuts45/0\45°b.Bladeassemblytiltsforbevelcuts0\45°4.Cuts:straightcutsa.Compoundcrosscutsandmitercutsinlongboards5.Safety:a.Firmlyfixwoodagainsttableandfence:nevercutfreehand.b.Holdwoodwithlefthand,cutwithsawinrighthand.c.Slowsteadyfeed:DONOTTRYTOCUTTOOQUICKLY.d.Alwayscheckforsquare. e.Tiltedbladebevelcutsaremostpronetobindingandthusmostdangerous.f.Alwaysreturnsawtoitsfullstartpositionafterthecut.g.Never“gangcut.”Nevercutmorethanonepieceatatime.ReciprocatingSaw1.Configuration:handheld,withastoutbladeextendingfromend2.CuttingAction:thebladereciprocatesinandout,cuttingontheinstroke3.Adjustment:a.Theshoeisbothhingedandremovableb.Thebladecanbereversedc.Variablespeed4.Cuts:freehandroughcuts(uptolengthofblade)5.Safety:a.Donotcut“blind”.Donotcutwithoutascertainingbacksideofcutisclearofobstructions.b.Donotcutintotabletoporsupport.c.Donotcutelectricalcord.d.Keepelectricalcordfreeofsnags.e.Makesurebladeextendscompletelythroughmaterialandbeyondshoethroughoutstrokef.Securematerialbeforecutting.Smalland/orthinmaterialmayflexorvibratecausinglossofcontrol.g.UsebothhandstoholdthesawCircularHandSaw:1.Configuration:handheldcircularblade2.CuttingAction:Woodisheldinplacewhilebladeismoved3.Adjustments:a.Bladecanberaisedorloweredforcutdepthb.Bladetiltsforbevelcuts0/45°4.Cuts:straightcuts‐Rips‐cutsandcrosscutsonstocktoolargetofitontablesaw,radialarmsaw,ormitersaw5.Safety:a.Useonlywithdirecttrainingandsupervisionb.Setbladedepthsothattheteethemergecompletelyfromundersideofcut.c.Keepthebladealignedalongstraightpath.Makesureyoudon’tbindtheblade.d.Nevercut“blind.”Alwaysascertainthatundersideofcutisclearofobstructions.e.Donotcutintotabletoporsupports.f.Makesurebothsidesofthecutaresupportedevenafterthecutismade.

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g.Donotcutelectricalcord.h.Allowbladetostopspinningbeforeplacingsawdownaftercutisfinished.i.Takeextremecarewhenmakingbevelcuts,astheanglebetweenthebladeandfootcanbindthebladeeasily.j.Alwaysholdsawwithbothhands.k.Securesmalland/orthinworkwithclamps.Thewoodmustnotbeallowedtomoveduringthecut.HollowChiselMortiser1.Configuration:Hollowsquarechiselwithadrillbitinthecenterbuiltinapress.2.CuttingAction:Boresasquaredhole3.Adjustments:a.Usesdifferentsizesofchiselsfrom¼”‐½”4.Safety:a.Securewoodinviseb.Usetheproperchisel/bitcombinationc.Tightenbitandremovechuckd.Donotoverworkchiselandbite.DonotmortiseyourhandPanelSaw:1.Configuration:wallmounted‐bearingguidedcircularblade2.CuttingAction:Woodisheldinplacewhilebladeismoved3.Adjustments:a.Bladecanberaisedorloweredforcutdepthb.Bladetiltsforbevelcuts0/45°4.Cuts:straightcuts‐Rips‐cutsandcrosscutsonstocktoolargetofitontablesaw,radialarmsaw,ormitersaw5.Safety:a.Useonlywithdirecttrainingandsupervisionb.Setbladedepthsothattheteethemergecompletelyfromundersideofcut.

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SAFETYMANUAL/TRAININGCONSENTFORM

I_________________________________________havereceivedandreviewedthe(printname)CollegeoftheArts‐SafetyManualfromtheUniversityofLouisianaatLafayette.Iacknowledgemyresponsibilitytoconformtotheserulesandallothersalludedtointhismanual.Iunderstandandacceptallpenaltiesforfailuretoconformtotheserules.

TheStudenthassuccessfullycompletedthefollowingLevelsofShopTraining.

AdditionalComments:EMERGENCYCONTACTINFORMATION:Name:PhoneNumber:

LEVEL SUPERVISOR SIGNATURE

STUDENT SIGNATURE

DATE OF TRAINING

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Fletcher Hall Studio Policy Students must show consideration for their fellow classmates, and faculty. • Students must maintain a clean working environment and respect the available facilities

o All spray paints, spray adhesives, bondo, etc… must be used in one of the two spray booths. No spraying or use of chemical agents, or solvents is permitted at your workstation.

o All flammables including spray paints, spray adhesives, bondo, etc must be stored in metal cabinets, one is provided by the spray booth in JLF 101 and one is provided in JLF 110.

o No extension cords are permitted in the studios. o No hand tools or power tools of any kind are permitted to be used in studio during

class hours M-F 8:AM-4:50PM or during hours in which the wood-shop is open. o No sanding of any kind is permitted in the studios at anytime. All sanding, whether

wood, plaster, metal, bondo, acrylics, must be done in the wood shop. Do not sand near computers!!!!

o Plaster, mortar mixes and concrete mixes must be used only in designated areas, no mixing or pouring plaster, mortar, or concrete is permitted at studio workstations.

o After studio hours beginning at 4:50 PM the only hand tools permitted in the studios are hand saws, hammers, chisels, or block planes.

o After shop hours beginning at 10:00 PM the only power tools permitted in studio are rotary tools, scroll saws, hand drills or cordless drills. Students assume the responsibility for knowing all safety requirements of any approved tool they own or borrow and bring into studio.

o The following tools are not permitted in the studio at any time: band saws, circular saws, table saws, radial arm saws, miter saws, jigsaws, reciprocating saws, or similar saws, routers, belt sanders, palm sanders, spindle sanders, disc sanders, grinders, or similar sanders/grinders, kilns, hand torches, soldering or welding equipment, or similar heat sources, pneumatic tools, and drill presses.

• All work and materials must be performed or stored at a students workstation. At no time may work be stored or materials be stored in corridors, crit areas, or JLF101.

o All walkways both within and around studios must be clear in case of fire or emergency for egress.

o This includes the work space of the first year studio. Upper level students are allowed to use unoccupied first-desks after studio hours to do their work however, upper class students should respect the fact that the desk are assigned to first year students and they have precedence in using it as a work space. All students are expected to have the desk cleaned by the time the morning classes start.

• Radios, MP3 players, computers, etc... brought in the studio must be used with headsets,

• All students are required to attend shop orientation and safety classes prior to using the

woodshop. In addition all students are responsible for knowing the woodshop safety manual.

• No smoking is permitted in the building, including the courtyard, breezeway, and balconies.

• Students shall be respectful of their environment or loose the privilege to work there.

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SHOPRULES1.CheckinwithShoppersonnelwhenenteringtheShoptowork.2.TheshopisonlytobeusedwithpropersupervisionforpurposesrelativetotheoverallmissionoftheUniversity:shopmanager,shopmonitor,orclassinstructormustbepresent.3.YoumustcompleteShopOrientationandtrainingbeforeusinganyequipment.4.Thereshallbenounauthorizedvisitorsintheshop5.EyeProtection:safetyglasses,goggles,orfaceshieldsarerequiredtobewornatalltimesintheshopintheshop.6.Properearprotectionshouldbewornatalltimeswhileworkingintheshop.7.Useofadustmaskisrecommendedwhileworkingintheshop.8.WorkClothing: –anylooseclothing,hair,jewelry,etcarenotpermittedintheshop –closedtoeshoesonly;noflipflops,sandals,highheels,etc9.Nohorseplay…running,foolingaround,etcmaycontributetoanaccident10.BeAlert!Pleaseconsiderthesafetyofallpersonswhileworkingintheshop11.Reportallaccidents,missingormalfunctioningequipmentortoolstoshoppersonnel.12.Donotattempttorepairoraltertheequipmentyourself.Donotattempttooperate

malfunctioningequipment13.Donotoperateanyequipmentwhileundertheinfluenceofdrugs,alcoholoranymedication.14.CellPhonesareNOTALLOWEDinShoparea.15.Headphones,I‐Pods,Discman,etc.areallowedaslongastheydonotdistractoperator.16.NOTOOLS/EQUIPMENTaretoberemovedfromtheShopwithoutpermission.AnyonecaughttakingshoppropertywithoutauthorizationwilllooseallShopaccess.AstudentcaughtstealingShopequipmentwillbeturnedintoCampusPolice.17.Alwayscleanyourworkareaandcheckoutbeforeleavingtheshop.‐Studentworkersarenotallowedto“checkout”ortrainotherstudentsonapieceofmachinery.Ifastudentneedshelpwithacut,helpthem…butyouarenotheretobuildtheirproject.Studentsareonlyallowedonequipmentpertheirlevel,anystudentworkingona“higher”levelmachinewilllooseallshopaccess.Anystudentworkerallowingthisbehaviorwillbefired,andalsolooseshopaccess.‐Studentworkersareallowedtodooutsidework/homeworkwhileintheshop.Ifitbecomesaproblemwhereyouignorestudentsandwhattheyaredoing,outsideworkwillbebanned…think5hoursofdusting.‐Thedailylististobecompletedandsignedoffonforeveryshift.Anymissingordamagedequipmentistobelistedhereaswellasanytools/equipmentthathasbeensignedoutbyastudent.