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امسایجت ●

Dr. Rashid Aftab, Director, RIPP

…..…Poverty Can Lead to Kufr Al-Hadith…….

Poverty is a multi-faced phenomenon and a social epidemic which hampers

growth in all respect. The International day for the eradication of poverty was observed on 17th October with the aim to promote pro-poor strategies to support the most vulnerable segments of the societies particularly in developing countries. There are many definition and concepts of poverty within the framework of;

a) whether individual/households have minimum resources to meet their basic needs,

b) inequality in the distribution of income, c) vulnerability and threshold of social safety net.

The measurement of poverty has three constituents;

a) the welfare measure to be defined in accordance with the relevant society,

b) identification of a poverty line and its threshold that separates the poor from the non-poor and

c) developing poverty indicator for mapping the segment of the population being effected by poverty.

According to United Nations poverty threshold is defined as person taking less than 2,350 Calories per day or earning less than $1.25 per day.

In Pakistan perspective, World Bank’s Poverty Head Count Analysis for 2014 reveals that, if income per adult in Pakistan is taken as $1.25 per day, then 21.04pc of the population lives below the poverty line and if the poverty line is raised to $2 per day in line with international standards for middle income countries, then 60.19pc of the population falls below the poverty line.

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) AND POVERTY The situation further intensified when HDI (health, education and standard of living) is considered which ranked the country at 146th position out of 187 and placed in to the list of bottom countries on the globe. Province wise Poverty in Pakistan Pakistan’s poverty can be considered in perspective of five dimensions – education, health, water supply and sanitation, household assets/amenities and satisfaction to service delivery through HDI mapping. An inter-provincial assessment of four provinces was conducted by SDPI in 2013, it has been reported that the highest incidence of poverty prevails in Baluchistan with 52 per cent of the households living under the poverty line, followed by 32 per cent, 33 per cent and 19 per cent respectively in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (K-P-K), Sindh and Punjab.

Balochistan (52%): high in the central and southwest part of the province with the exception of Panjgur and Gawadar districts and comparatively low North except Muskhel. K-P-K (32%): extremely high in the northern mountainous regions, very high in the southern regions, average in the central parts while the districts adjacent to Islamabad show low levels of poverty.

Sindh(33%): Southeast part of Sindh is the poorest region, while central Sindh is relatively less poor and southwest Sindh the least poor region of the province. Out of 27 districts, the inhabitants of 18 districts are facing severe poverty conditions like; Tharparkar(47%), Badin (42%), Tando Muhammad Khan (41%), Thatta (40%), Nawabshah (39%) Larkana (38%) Jacobabad (36%), in Hyderabad and Sukkar(25%) under poverty line.

FOUNDATIONS OF POVERTY IN PAKISTAN: The major factors for poverty in Pakistan are; Low investments in social sector (health, education, water & sanitation, livelihood), Income inequality, Disparity within provinces, Poor data which contribute to makes pro-poor policies, Non-income measures of poverty – including education and gender parity, Low Foreign Direct investment and its transparent utilization, massive corruption, un-even distribution of agriculture land, trade imbalance, low literacy rate and poor skills, growing population, ineffective management of natural resources and high inflation etc. WAY FORWARD: The global agenda for sustainable development in transforming the World by 2030 includes 17 goals and their 100 targets and the foremost goal indicates that there must be no poverty by 2030. Further Vision-2025 of the current Government also speaks about the poverty by outlining to increase the per capita income from $1,299 to $4,200, bring down poverty from 49 percent population to 20 percent and increase the exports up to $150 billion by 2025.

In order to achieve these goals and target there is an urgent need to follow sustainable and pro-poor national frame work for social protection and the growth strategy which may include; structural reforms to create jobs, social investment to raise growth and make it more inclusive over the long-term. The scale and ambition of the proposed strategy requires a revitalized the partnership of the relevant stakeholders and solidarity and commitment through a social contract with the poorest and with the people in vulnerable situation to ensure the strategy implementation. This can only be possible when the poverty vicious cycle trap is addressed through pro-poor growth and development.

براۓ معلومات و تعقیب

رفاہ انٹرنیشنل یونیورسٹی

المیزان کمپلیکس

پشاور روڈ، راولپنڈی، پاکستان 274

HR Department

tameer.emag@riphah.edu.pk

Tel: 92 51 5125162-7, Ext-231

UAN: 92 51 111 510 510

For Information & Feedback

Punjab (19%): the southern districts are effected by poverty like; Rajanpur (44%), Muzaffargarh (40%), DG Khan (36%), Bahawalpur (33%), Layyah and Lodhran( 31 %), Pakpattan, Multan, Khanewal and Bhakkar(28%) under poverty line.