task – name 10 objects made of wood that is in close proximity to you
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Wood. Task – name 10 objects made of wood that is in close proximity to you. pine oak beech walnut maple zebrawood mahogany ash. Wood. Can you name any types of wood?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Task – name 10 objects made of wood that is in close proximity to you.
Wood
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Wood
Can you think of words that describe wood?
warm, smooth, strong, flexible, strong, hard, soft, rough, ….
Can you name any types of wood?
pine, oak, ash, teak, mahogany, maple, sycamore, birch, beech, walnut, cherry, zebrawood, balsa…….
pine oak beech walnut maple zebrawood mahogany ash
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There are 3 main types of timber:
• HARDWOOD
• SOFTWOOD
• MANUFACTURED BOARD
TIMBER is the general name for wood materials.
Wood
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The term hardwood does not mean that the timber is hard. For example balsa is used for modelling, it is a hard wood but it is one of the softest timbers to work with.
Hardwood
This type of timber is produced from broad leaf trees that lose their leaves in winter – a deciduous tree. The photograph opposite is of an oak tree which grows in this country.
Uses - Oak is a hardwood and is used to make expensive furniture/flooring and strong framed structures.
Model aircraft made from balsa
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Mahogany – reddish in colour, always looks good when varnished or waxed.
Task – Can you think of other uses of wood products in the kitchen.
Beech – creamy pinkish colour, its close grain makes it very suitable for kitchen utensils, as water does not have too great an effect on it.
Hardwood
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This type of timber is produced from trees that do not lose their leaves (coniferous).
Leaves are easily identified as being thin and narrow.
Softwood trees grow much quicker than the hardwood ones, they are therefore cheaper to buy and far more available. Softwood is used for construction of houses and furniture, and outdoor uses such as fencing.
Softwood
The term softwood does not mean that the timber is soft , as pitch pine is one of the most difficult timbers to work with, yet is a member of this group
Some photograph courtesy of photolibrary wales
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Uses of soft woods
furniture
garden fencing/shed
building construction
packaging
Some images courtesy of IKEA
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Manufactured board is mainly used for kitchen and bedroom furniture and shelving.
Examples of manufactured boards are:
These are manmade boards, which are made by gluing wood layers or wood fibers together.
Manufactured board
Plywood is a widely used manufactured timber.
Can you think of advantages and disadvantages of using plywood?
The photograph opposite shows MDF sheets as they are purchased. What does MDF stand for ? Any thoughts regarding its use ?
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layer it …
carve it…
slot it together it …..
Bend it …..
you can ……
turn it …..
Jules TattersallDo you recognise any of these buildings/structures?
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Milling Lumber
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$
$$$$$
Maximum Use of Log
Range of different cuts
Economics of Log Use
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Distortion due to shrinkagedepends on location within the log…
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Difference in Wood Movement inPlain-sawn versus Quarter-sawn Boards
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Drying WoodBefore wood is used, the water contained in its cells must be removed under controlled conditions to minimize distortionand maintain quality of the finished product. Both ‘free’ water andmost ‘bound’ water must be removed during the drying process.
Stickered boards are air-dried to about 30% MC to remove free water.
Boards are then kiln-dried to remove bound water to the target EMC level.
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Bound Water Free Water
“Green Wood”
Moisture Content, %15 30 50
ADKDOD
100105
FSP
Range of Shrinking and Swelling Uniform, fully swollen dimension
EMC in this range
0
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Equilibrium Moisture Content Ranges by Geographic Region
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The Diversity of Wood
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Commonly Used HardwoodsRed Oak
MapleWalnut
Cherry
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bocote
jarrah burl
leopardwood
wenge
zebrawood
padaukH. mahogany
snakewood
ziricote
narrapink ivory
myrtlepearwood
lacewood
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Woods From the same Family (Fabaceae)
CocoboloDalbergia retusa
WengeMillettia laurentii
PurpleheartPeltogyne sp.
ZebrawoodMicroberlinia
brazavillensis
Honey LocustGleditsia triacanthos
PernambucoCaesalpinia echinata
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Similar appearances…..
CocoboloDalbergia retusa
Fabaceae
BocoteCordia eleagnoides
Boraginaceae
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Imperfections in Wood
http://www.vermonttimberworks.com/images/shake.jpg
Knots
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Warped Lumber