taufik paraphrasing task

8/9/2019 Taufik Paraphrasing Task

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/taufik-paraphrasing-task 1/4

PARAPHRASING

Source : Yang Yu et al. (2013) , p.330

De e!!luent" #er$%e# !ro&te't$le pr$nt$ng an# #e &anu!actur$ng are o!tenar&!ul to auat$c

en%$ron&ent" *1+. u", "e%eral &eto#" a%e -een create#, na&el a#"orpt$on *2+,

coagulat$on *3+, ce&$cal o'$#at$on *+, poto#egra#at$on */+, an# aero-$c or anaero-$c

treat&ent *+ $n an atte&ptto el$&$nate te"e #e" along $t oter conta&$nant". e u"e o!

"ol$# porou" &ater$al" "uc a" act$%ate# car-on *+, aerogel" *+, 4eol$te" *5+, cla" *10+, an#

6aol$n$te *10+, $" e%$#entl te "$&ple"t et e!!$c$ent, econo&$cal, an# !le'$-le &eto# o! all

te a#"orpt$on tecnolog$e". Hoe%er, act$%ate# car-on a" -een te &ater$al popularl

ut$l$4e# to el$&$nate e!!luent #e" -ecau"e o! $t" caracter$"t$c" o! a%$ng $g "ur!ace area,

porou" "tructure, an# $g a#"oprt$on e!!ect$%ene"" an# capac$t *11, 12+. 7n!ortunatel, $t $"

co"tl to pro#uce an# calleng$ng to regenerate. $" "$tuat$on a" contr$-ute# to a r$"$ng

attent$on toar#" te ut$l$4at$on o! ceaper an# en%$ron&entall !r$en#l &ater$al" to

re&e#$ate te en%$ron&ent.

Natural 4eol$te" a%e-een !oun# to pro%$#e a ceaper alternat$%e to re&o%e e!!luent.

8 #e!$n$t$on, natural 4eol$te" are alu&$no"$l$cate cr"tall$ne &$neral"$c are &$croporou"

$n nature, co&pr$"$ng 39#$&en"$onal !ra&eor6" o! tetrae#rall coor#$nate# SiO4

or

AlO4

*13+. e 4eol$te" pore" cannel" or ca%$t$e" $c can -e "u-"t$tute# $t oter

organ$c co&poun#" (e.g. #e", u&$c ac$#" or penol$c co&poun#") an# $norgan$c cat$on"

(e.g.,2+¿

Hg¿ ,

2+¿

Pb¿ ,

2+¿

Ag¿ ,

2+¿

Cu¿ ,

2+¿

Cd¿ ,

2+¿

Cr¿ ,

2+¿

Co¿ or

2+¿

Mn¿ )*1915+ are

6non to loo"el "upport a %ar$et o! cat$on" (e.g., Na, ;,2+¿

Ca¿ ,an#

2+¿

Mg¿ ). ere

appear" to -e a "u-"tant$al$ntere"t $n te u"e o! natural<&o#$!$e# 4eol$te" to re&e#$ate te

en%$ron&ent an# treat a"teater #ue to te$r &$croporo"$t, &o#erate<$g "ur!ace area, $on9

e'cange propert$e", lo co"t an# un$%er"al occurrence *20, 21+. Re"earcer" a%e "ugge"te#

tat natural 4eol$te" conta$n a goo# a!!$n$t !or -a"$c #e" $n aueou" "olut$on" "uc a"&etlene -lue *2, 22+, react$%e re# 15/ *23+, react$%e -lue 21 *23+ an# ro#a&$ne *22, 2+).

Sur!ace &o#$!$cat$on an#<or !unct$onal$4at$on -ear te potent$al to $&pro%e te #e

a#"orpt$on per!or&ance o! natural 4eol$te". Grapene o'$#e (G=), $c $" a "$ngle laer

nano"eet o! o'genate# grape&e "eet" *2/+, a" -een ac6nole#ge# a" one o! te goo#

can#$#ate" !or t$".e epo' an# #ro'l group" $n G=, re"$#$ng on te -a"al plane" o! te

G= "eet" $ll -e !unct$onal$4e# - o'gen, $le car-o'l group" can &o"tl -e !oun# at

te e#ge" o! G= e#ge" *2/+. e G= nano"eet" are tu" #rop$l$c an# negat$%el carge#

- te !unct$onal group" a" te conta$n o'gen. In a##$t$on, G=$" $nerentl prone to



$nteract $t po"$t$%el carge# "pec$e" "uc a" &etal $on" *2+, #e" *2, 25+ an#

-$o&olecule" *30+.

Accor#$ng to Yu et al. ,G= can -e !urter &o#$!$e# u"$ng #$a4on$u& "alt" $c are

co%alentl !unct$onal$4e# on te electron9r$c "p2 car-on #o&a$n" o! G= nano"eet" *2/, 31,

32+. o po""$-l $&pro%e te per!or&ance o! G= $n te a#"orpt$on o! #e" an# oter organ$c

co&poun#", te "ur!ace (e.g., SH, NH 2

an# >==H group") coul# -e tran"&$tte# $t

a##$t$onal !unct$onal group#en"$t. e "ur!ace o! a cl$nopt$lol$te9r$c natural 4eol$te can -e

!unct$onal$4e# $t G= nano"eet" $c can -e cont$nue# $t te co%alent attac&ent o! a

#$a4on$u& "alt, 9car-o'-en4ene#$a4on$u&tetra!luoro-orate, to te G= "ur!ace. $"

proce"" lea#" to te pro#uct$on o! a co&&onl calle# car-o'9G=<4eol$te a#"or-ent.In%e"t$gat$on $" e&-ar6e# on te a#"orpt$on a!!$n$t, 6$net$c" an# eu$l$-r$u& loa#$ng

capac$t o! -ot te pr$"t$ne natural 4eol$te" an# te car-o'9G=<4eol$te" a#"or-ent toar#"

te aueou" "olut$on" o! ro#a&$ne 8. ?a"tl, te e!!ect o! "ur!ace !unct$onal$t, $n$t$al #e

concentrat$on, pH an# #e e'po"ure t$&e on te a#"orpt$on o! ro#a&$ne 8 onto te

a#"or-ent" are all $n#$cate#.

R@@R@N>@S :

*1+ Y.Yang ,8.N.Burt , C.G. Sapter ,;.. >on"tantopoulo" , N.H. oelc6er , an# A.. @ll$"

. E 8en4ene car-o'l$c ac$# #er$%at$4e# grape&e o'$#e nano"eet" on natural 4eol$te" a"

e!!ect$%e a#"or-ent" !or cat$on$c #e re&o%alF . Cournal o! Ha4ar#ou" Bater$al" , %ol.20 ,

pp.330933 , 2013 .

*2+ B. A6gl, A. ;ara-a6an, Pro&ote# #e a#"orpt$on per!or&ance o%er #e"$l$cate#natural

4eol$te, B$croporou"Be"oporou" Bater. 1/ (2011) 1/1.

*3+ B. >a!$, 8. Gour$c, A.H. @""a#6$, >. $al, A. a-regat, >o&par$"on o!

electrocoagulat$onu"$ng $ron an# alu&$n$u& electro#e" $t ce&$cal coagulat$on !orte

re&o%al o! a $gl "olu-le ac$# #e, De"al$nat$on 21 (2011) 2/252.

*+ B.@. ="ug$, ;. Rae"ar, @.R.A. erra4, D.P. #e =l$%e$ra, A.R. AraJo, B..8.Kanon$,

>o&par$"on o! o'$#at$on e!!$c$enc o! #$"per"e #e" - ce&$cal an#potoelectrocatalt$c

clor$nat$on an# re&o%al o! &utagen$c act$%$t, @lectroc$&.Acta / (2005) 202053.

*/+ L. Mang, D. Gao, >. Gao, L. Me$, Y. >a$, C. u, . ?$u, Y. u, Re&o%al o! a cat$on$c#e

- a#"orpt$on<poto#egra#at$on u"$ng electro"pun PAN<=9BB co&po"$tenano!$-rou"

&e&-rane" coate# $t $=2, Int. C. Potoenerg 2012 (2012)015.

*+ D. >u$, Y.L. Guo, H.Y. >eng, 8. ?$ang, .Y. ;ong, H.S. ?ee, A.C. Mang, A4o

#ere&o%al $n a &e&-rane9!ree up9!lo -$ocatal4e# electrol"$" reactor couple#$t an

aero-$c -$o9contact o'$#at$on reactor, C. Ha4ar#. Bater. 23520 (2012)2/2.



*+ H.B.H. Ga#, A.A. @l9Sae#, Act$%ate# car-on !ro& agr$cultural -9pro#uct" !orte

re&o%al o! Ro#a&$ne98 !ro& aueou" "olut$on, C. Ha4ar#. Bater. 1(2005) 100101.

*+ ?. A-ra&$an, H. @l9Ra"", A#"orpt$on 6$net$c" an# ter&o#na&$c" o! a4o9#e=range II

onto $gl porou" t$tan$a aerogel, >e&. @ng. C. (?au"anne) 1/0(2005) 0310.

*5+ G. Da S$l%a, . S$l%a, B. $e$ra, B. Da S$l%a, Solopenl na% -lue #e re&o%al

-"&ect$te cla $n a porou" -e# colu&n, A#"orpt. Sc$. ecnol. 2 (2005) 1/.

*10+ .A. ;an, S. Da$a, I. Al$, 7"e o! 6aol$n$te a" a#"or-ent: eu$l$-r$u&, #na&$c"an#

ter&o#na&$c "tu#$e" on te a#"orpt$on o! Ro#a&$ne 8 !ro& aueou""olut$on, Appl. >la

Sc$. 5 (2012) /.

*11+ =.S. 8ello, B.A. A&a#, Re"pon"e "ur!ace &o#el$ng an# opt$&$4at$on o!

re&a4ol-r$ll$ant -lue react$%e #e re&o%al u"$ng per$$n6le "ell9-a"e# act$%ate#car-on, Sep.

Sc$. ecnol. (2011) 23235.

*12+ N.. >ar#o"o, @.>. ?$&a, 8. Roer, B.. 8ac, G.?. Dotto, ?.A.A. P$nto, .>al%ete,>o&par$"on o! Sp$rul$naplaten"$" &$croalgae an# co&&erc$al act$%ate# car-ona"

a#"or-ent" !or te re&o%al o! React$%e Re# 120 #e !ro& aueou" e!!luent",C. Ha4ar#. Bater.

2122 (2012) 11/3.

*13+ M.Y. S$, H.8. Sao, H. ?$, B.A. Sao, S. Du, Progre"" $n te re&e#$at$on o!a4ar#ou"

ea% &etal9pollute# "o$l" - natural 4eol$te, C. Ha4ar#. Bater. 10(2005) 1.

*1+ S. Mang, Y. Peng, Natural 4eol$te" a" e!!ect$%e a#"or-ent" $n ater an#

a"teatertreat&ent, >e&. @ng. C. (?au"anne) 1/ (2011) 112.

*1/+ D. ;allO, Appl$cat$on" o! natural 4eol$te" $n ater an# a"teater treat&ent,Re%.

B$neral. Geoce&. / (2001) /1//0.

*1+ . Bot"$, N.A. Ro"on, B.C.H. S$&&on", A#"orpt$on o! ea% &etal" !ro& ac$#&$ne

#ra$nage - natural 4eol$te, Int. C. B$ner. Proce"". 52 (2005) 2.

*1+ . Ge-re&e#$n9Ha$le, B.. =lgun, B. Solace9Ro", Re&o%al o! &ercur $on"!ro&

&$'e# aueou" &etal "olut$on" - natural an# &o#$!$e# 4eol$t$c &$neral",Mater A$r So$l

Pollut. 1 (2003) 15200.

*1+ R. Han, Y. Mang, M. Kou, C. S$, >o&par$"on o! l$near an# nonl$near anal"$"

$ne"t$&at$ng te o&a" &o#el para&eter" !or &etlene -lue a#"orpt$on ontonatural 4eol$te

$n !$'e#9-e# colu&n, C. Ha4ar#. Bater. 1/ (200) 33133/.

*15+ Y. Kan, K. Ku, C. ?$n, Y. L$u, C. Kao, Re&o%al o! u&$c ac$# !ro& aueou""olut$on -

cetlpr$#$n$u& -ro&$#e &o#$!$e# 4eol$te, C. @n%$ron. Sc$. 22 (2010)132133.

*20+ Y. Mang, . ?$n, M. Pang, Ion e'cange o! a&&on$u& $n natural an#

"nte"$4e#4eol$te", C. Ha4ar#. Bater. 10 (200) 313/.

*21+ A. He#"trQ&, Ion e'cange o! a&&on$u& $n 4eol$te": a l$terature re%$e, C.@n%$ron. @ng.

12 (2001) 31.

*22+ . Ca!ar$94are, A. Ha-$-$9ange, >o&pet$t$%e a#"orpt$on o! &etlene -lue

an#ro#a&$ne 8 on natural 4eol$te: ter&o#na&$c an# 6$net$c "tu#$e", >$n. C.>e&. 2(2010) 353/.



*23+ . S$"&anoglu, Y. ;$"&$r, S. ;ara6u", S$ngle an# -$nar a#"orpt$on o! react$%e#e" !ro&

aueou" "olut$on" onto cl$nopt$lol$te, C. Ha4ar#.Bater. 1 (2010)115.

*2+ S. Mang, K.H. Ku, >aracter$"at$on an# en%$ron&ental appl$cat$on o! an

Au"tral$annatural 4eol$te !or -a"$c #e re&o%al !ro& aueou" "olut$on, C. Ha4ar#.Bater. 13

(200) 55/2.

*2/+ ;. Hau-ner, C. Bura"6$, P. =l6, ?.B. @ng, >. K$egler, 8. A#olp$, @.Caene, e route

to !unct$onal grapene o'$#e, >e&P">e& 11 (2010)21312135.

*2+ S.. Yang, Y. >ang, H. Mang, G. ?$u, S. >en, Y. Mang, Y. ?$u, A. >ao,

ol#$ng<aggregat$on o! grapene o'$#e an# $t" appl$cat$on $n >u2 re&o%al, C.

>ollo$#Inter!ace Sc$. 3/1 (2010) 12212.

*2+ P. 8ra##er, S.;. ?$ng, S. Mang, S. ?$u, De a#"orpt$on on laere# grap$te o'$#e,C.

>e&. @ng. Data / (2011) 1311.

*2+ S.. Yang, S. >en, Y. >ang, A. >ao, Y. ?$u, H. Mang, Re&o%al o! &etlene -lue!ro&aueou" "olut$on - grapene o'$#e, C. >ollo$# Inter!ace Sc$. 3/5 (2011)225.

*25+ G.;. Ra&e"a, A. $aa ;u&ara, H.8. Bural$#ara, S. Sa&pat, Grapene

an#grapene o'$#e a" e!!ect$%e a#"or-ent" toar# an$on$c an# cat$on$c #e", C.>ollo$#

Inter!ace Sc$. 31 (2011) 202.

*30+ . Kuo, S. He, D. ?$, >. Peng, L. Huang, S. Song, >. an, Grapene o'$#e9

!ac$l$tate#electron tran"!er o! &etalloprote$n" at electro#e "ur!ace", ?ang&u$r 2 (2010)153

1535.

*31+ M. Gao, B. Bau&#er, ?.8. Ale&an, .N. Naraanan, B.A. I-arra, 8.;. Pra#an,P.B.

Aaan, @ng$neere# grap$te o'$#e &ater$al" !or appl$cat$on $n aterpur$!$cat$on, A>S Appl.Bater. Inter!ace" 3 (2011) 12112.

*32+ C.R. ?o&e#a, >.D. Dole, D.. ;o"n6$n, M.. Hang, C.B. our, D$a4on$u&

!unct$onal$4at$ono! "ur!actant9rappe# ce&$call con%erte# grapene "eet", C.A&. >e&.

Soc. 130 (200) 1201120.

taufik paraphrasing task

Documents